EVENING LBDGBRPHlLADELPHI, WEDNESDAY JULY 26, 19116. fl , I IJ $ pjtttinu $$fo Kth$tt PUBUC I.EDCER tfOMPANY taK Cffttri H. K. Ctmnai, Pssaiort. S!S. kt"tte, Vle Presidents John tkdSiursvsiis:, rhl"p B- MPtTORIAl. BOARD! a JBft K' K Come, Chairman. . 7l "," ,llrfm ..,...... fcj I tor lJisH 0. KAATIfti.Oeueral Business lfanartr r n i - ' - I, I, i , , i I HMMw eMIly at V11vt.nl I.eooM Bultdlnr, IsesiimdVenCe Saoare. Phlladelbhla. CMCTeii. . ..19rAe4 anit TOiMtrtnt RtrMt MBMNM Cm, ,.,.,.,,, ,,.rrt-t7nm Building r Tests:,,,, i ........ 208 Metropolitan Tower r.. ........... .820 Ford Bultdlnr cts. ...... ,409 Olooe-Usmocmt Bulldtnr 0i...ti....,...,lS02 rrfoiift Building NEWS BOItEAUSt Wiirtroit Boi!4ti.......i....nicc Bonding Nsw ToK Bceuo.. ...... .The Timt Building BIMUM Uridctu.,,..,,,..., .00 Frledflehstrasse IeKBN .Rcarmr, .,.,. .Marconi House, Strand Turn BcxsiO. .....,,, .,83 Bu Louli U Grand j subscription terms ST carrier, six cent per , week. Br nail, IHM4 outside of Philadelphia, except -where Pit Mi u postage Is required, on month, Itrenty pre cents! one year, three dollars. All mall Mwerlptlon parable In advance. Noticb Subscribers wtshlrfe address ohangsd suet give old as well as ne- address. wax, hot vAtmrr kktstqitc, maw eo a C Atirnt oil fomtnunleollons ro Evenfnp I' Idgtr, tnttpmdr04 8 Quart, TMlaitlphia. I afrmasD ir rns rnn.ion.mli rosTorno Afl y SBCOSD-OUISS H1U. mittdi. XHB' AvKRAQB NET PAID DA1I.T cm CUnATIQM OP TUB KVKNINO LEDGER ron JUNE TVAB ItS.SOS rMi.d.ipM., vaiJir. loir :. mm. Night it the time to Weep, To wet with unseen fears TAes gravel of memory where sleep The Joy of other year. James Montgomery. Baldness, says a scientist, la hered itary. Something about the sklna of tho fathers. Playing soldier Is Just as good sum irier amusement as playing polo, and not ltal so dangerous. What's the use' telling overybody there Is so much gold aboard tho Deutsch I&nd? It's enough to tempt a pirate. Naval progress appoars to consist In devising armor which will withstand the Are of tho biggest guns, and then inventing guns whloh will plorco that Armor. Tho woman on the hotel piazza In the Poconos who said that the American eagle woo really an ostrich had been reading the proceedings of Congress to some purpose. According to the New York Times, tho second Progressiva, convention, which to to moot In. Chicago August G, may nom inate Woodrow "Wilson. Isn't ho handi capped, enough already? liloyd George expresses the opinion that the .end of the war Is not very far distant. It seems, however, that tho sot jtlement of tho Irish question Is Just as distant as It ever was, If not a little mors so. . While the Danish West Indies af fair la being settled, it Is Interesting to learn that Alaska sold more than fifty million dollars' worth of products to the States last year. A. good Investment, that, and cheap. There Is some reason to believe that more than one submarine Is on the way across the Atlantic. .However, the failure of the Bremen to arrive Is the occasion of much anxiety, and pending her appear ance thero will not be much public con fidence In submeralbles as transatlantic arrlers. Perhaps the date set for the execu tion of Sir Roger Casement Is Intention ally near at hand. Not even England, 'with all her muddling, can seriously In tend making- another blunder so tragic August 3 must be Intended as the date of reprieve 'orv commutation of sentence, sot as tho'dato of. execution. New Tork has Its -police scandal no less ugly, than the one Philadelphia Is now enjoying. The disposition of the New Tork authorities to expose every thing Is that 6f the Grand Jury here, Which has 'already brought In several true bills. Unfortunately, the city Is not entirely persuaded that Justice Is pro ceeding with equal hands to her task. The Grand Jury Is beyond suspicion. The amount., at help which It will get Is questionable.'- 'Because navigable waters are under ba Jurisdiction, ot,tho United States and not of the individual States Is no reason why vessels should become the scenes of revelry and debauchery on Sunday or any othor dayy Even a boatload of "drunks" must b loaded, and a "wet" on dry land is not in sanctuary. Funny, Isn't It, that a great musical orchestra should And It difficult to give a concert on Sunday aft ernoon, or a clergyman to offer the city tlrad children relaxation In the coun try, but a thousand or more revelers can go on a boat and dq what they please? Enforcement of the law Is not always so techaieeU in Its differentiations. The British blacklist Is not a ques tton oC Ual right or of necessity so jsWMJt&. United. Stataa Is concerned, It U fttmfir, a. question at having a sufficient .ArairteMi merchant marine. For months mutf. England has exercised the right of deartftsT a sailing charter to any vessel, blpowBera have been instructed to kapcett certain firms dealing with other nuutral countries. In. that way It he msm vr T tor a, British competitor fwr South American trade, which has jurtblag whatever to do with the enemy, to out out his American rival. If the Unit Stats wpre possessed ot .enough afcipM to carry (U own trade with neutral eetiBlrihs the blacklist and the other out ts at tke upra naval power would, lvoWa UnaBftlol. coRditlon of DIM flMteiMnlita Transit Company enjajnika. k -wliinas i tb people In tpjtiHf jyrnileal Bayly In, favor at the mmt tfai Wtt. The companr U f nwnwrj'. ' KMKH protest t ihm jwrtfen of lined f sen fruw. ttg sW aarilsMltfiflil s& SMii. 1 rally made, that thero la no Increase in travel except through increase In popu lation is discredited by tho latest state ment of the company' earnings. The better the transit facilities the mora they are used. High-speed llneSi create bus), ness, just as they create values. The oig thing now is to perfect an operating agreement for the new lines with the company. The Mayor recently stated that negotiations were under way. We assume that the publle will be given ample opportunity to study and digest the agreement, for the most scrupulous care is requisite in an affair Involving so much money and of such enormous Importance to the entire community. FORGOTTEN DYNAMITE A MAN does not become a successful jftu politician Until ho has learned to act consistently upon a great and Infamous maxim, 'The people forget." Tho first pages of all the newspapers of a State will be filled for a we ok with accounts of a notorious deal or ripper bill. All tho politicians alt tight, calm and Unmoved, as If they wore being praised Instead of denounced. Time proves their clever ness. The "big story" dwindles, pubtta curiosity wanes, presently tho unblush ing coup d'etat is accomplished without dlfllculty. The biggest thing that Philadelphia has over done was done this year, and It is already forgotten. Tho city authorized the J1H, 525,000 loan, put a greater sum of money at the disposal of one man Mayor Smith than any public official In America has evor been personally respon sible for, and then dropped the matter. It was a nlno days wonder. The people for got It Is as it a vast amount of dynamite had been stored in a basement Tho first few days every ono' goes about on tip toe and scrupulously obeys the most far fetched rules for precaution. Presently a rule is disobeyed, but nothing 'happens; later all rules go by tho board, and still nothing happens. And ono day somebody drops somothlng, and then everything happons at once. Who is the gentleman whom we aro trusting so blandly? A renowned captain of Industry and born leader of men, schooled, to the constructive wielding of millions like a J. J. Hill or an H. H. Rogers, tried in tho fires of disciplined organiza tion like a Goothals or an Edison? No, Mr: Smith Is Just ono, of us. nis very average human feebleness and foibles, as well as his bettor traits, are Intimately known to every ono who can read. Ho has confessed, as much as any politician is capable of confessing, to having given to his political friends, tho Vares, every gift In his power to give he has oven naively handed out a half-dozen plums to members of his immediate family, less closely related kinsmen arid dear friends, not one of whom had been obviously des tined to rise save by the stars of luck. This urbanity, this docility, this gen erosity, spring, perhaps, from the good heartedness of the man. Ho is not un kindly, his compassion for the unfortu nate, as, for example, the Inmates of Blockley, Is transparently sincere. But If there is to be no sharp drawing of tho line between the soft heart and the soft head. If there is to be no distinction between the payment of shabby political debts and the payment of conscientious servlco to tho city in its gigantic constructive effort, now already under way, what guaranty have the people of the city that a great part of -tho money which the law puts under the hand and seal of one man will not be squandered, that the debt will not turn out merely a burden for posterity? It Is no criticism of Mayor Smith to say that more than any other Mayor we have ever had he should be watched like a hawk. A Lincoln should be watched. The Mayor should invito all good counsel at every step of the letting of the con tracts and the floating of the loans. For, look you, he stands between those two contracting firms which for long-standing clutch upon a clty'a resources have no rivals In American municipal history. They are a tiptoe at his elbows, famished for a guzzle at the public crib after the four lean years of Blankenburg. If the past history of contracts hereabouts means anything, it means that our $114, 000,000 looks to them like a Juicy peach to a thieving boy, and the peach is ready to drop. And now, on the eve of the par tition of the spoils, has come a "har mony" announcement of most sinister aspect Will the people forget once more Will they wake up some day to find themselves bitted and saddled for the supreme Organization Joy-ride of all time? Or will they remember to watch, step by step, day by day, Ihe building of their futur and of the future of their chil dren's children? TOO MUCH FOR LLOYD GEORGE IT WOULD be a terrible thing for Eng land If the sins of centuries should take this opportunity to tumble all tle ends of the world on her head, Rumors of disaster have at last reached (he stage where. IJoyd George and Asqulth both are reported ready to resign, not on the conduct of the war, but on the Irish ques tion. Apparently there are "last ditch ers'' in both England and Ireland who are ready to fight at home when the last ditch ought to bo a trench in France. It Is, fortunately, Incredible that the two resignation should be proffered and ac cented, nut tnsre is little consolation In the alternative. Parliament, compelled to go before the country on the Irish question, would have don nothing to olvf it dUBculUsa, even if returned in Tom Daly's Column DONZANTB kept a baker shop oh Fltz water street between Jlh and 9th and his daughter Frnncesca kept books for him. Franeesca had attended school Just tong enough to learn a few alphabetical characters and the numbers from one to zero. She had no reading or writing. But she never made n mistake in her bookkeep ing. This Is the way she went About it: The man who was In the h&blt of bringing the barrels of flour from which the bread was made looked to Frah cesca like a pig, no it he happened to bo brlnelne seven IHll W ban-els of flour ehe would draw his pic ture and put seven tally Btrokes Inside of him. The man who brought the yeast hap pened to be a long in dividual, and o when his goods were left upon the counter she took down her book and mnde a drawing of him, with tally marks alongside to show what she had re ceived. in another part of her books she kept a record of charge accounts for those customers who were not In the habit of pay ing cash. For lnstanco, slnco she was not able to write names and ad dresses. It was her hnblt to hit upon the customer's chief peculiarity and make a record of her In accord- ance with that. One woman, let us say, looked to her like a cat If she should come In and call for three loaves of bread the charge against her would appear some what as nhown In the margin hero. When Hie woman afterward paid her account Franeesca would simply run her pencil through the tallies. She never made a mis take. About this same time Franeesca awakened to tho fact that the world held a man for her. Ho was Ollvlcrl, the barber. Sho could not write, but her friend, Doctor Hurlong, who when he wnsn't prao tlclng dentistry was studying Italian and music, could. She went to him and dictated to him In the dialect ofher own province a letter for hep lover. Doctor Hurlong, whllo not nblo to understand what sho was saying, could still set It down phonetically oi) paper, and Cllvlerl, when ho got It, was ablo to puzzle it out He, In turn, replied to Franeesca, and Doctor Hurlong, without getting tho meaning of the letter at all, read It out for her. Several years after this Franeesca attended a business college and they readjusted their courso to talco caro oilier case. Sho Is now happily mar ried to her barber and Is keeping house for him in West Philadelphia. SIR There has been so much said in the papers lately by cynical writers of ono sex or another about tho lovely times that tho gay husband has whllo tho fam ily's away at mountain or shore Can't you say a word for thoso of us married men who aro actually lonely? A'. R. Wo haven't anything now to say, but this, which was written out of a full heart Just ton years ago, will not coma amiss, perhaps: ' NIGHT IX BACHELOR'S HALL Theivo none awayl It seems a year, Aye! weeks of years, since they were here; And yet it was but yesterday I kissed them wJicn they went away, Away from all tho scorching heat That grips this brick-walled city street. And it was I who bade them go. Though she, dear heart, protested so, And vowed I'd find 'no joy at all, Nor any peace, in Bachelor's Hall. I laughed at that, but she was right; I never knew a sadder night Than this, whtle thus I tread, alone, These silent halls I call my own. I never thought this place could change Bo utterly and seem so strange. Tho night is hot, and yet a chill Pervades tho house; it is so still. I miss the living atmosphere That comforts mc when they are here; I miss the sigh, long-drawn and deep, The music of refreshing sleep, That undulates the gentle breast Of weary motherhood at rest. And in the unaccustomed gloom That shrouds the small adjoining room I miss the moans, the muffled screams Of childhood troubled in its dreams. And is this allf Nayl more I miss The strong, heart-thrilling joy, the bliss Of warding, with protecting arm, Between these precious hearts and harm. 01 sing your song, all ye who roam, Your' wistful song of "Home, Bweet Home," But, though unhappy is your lot. You will not find a sadder spot In all the world than Home, when they Yho make it Home have gone away. A SOUTHERN contemporary speaks of "automatic feeding apparatus for chickens governed by an alarm clock." Gosh I' The he-chlcken is a self-governing alarm clock his own self. Very Well, Enjoy Yourself My first attempt. Though It be set la tiny tree this size, The little thing will look, you bet, THIS BIG TO MY PROUD EYES. Klddo. IN A window on Somerset, street, near 23d; J THIS IS M. CARUSO FROM 7 A. M. TO 10 P. M. SHOE LACES .2o A PAIR RUBBER HEELS ATTACHED 15o EXTRA Elegy In n Country Churchyard Oldllmera hers wtre greatly shocked to bear o( the death at Scranton o( Garrett Boxart, the laat of a jtrtat company of aterllnr men, -who built the Lackawanna Railroad. IU was op erator at lWaryvllle In the sood old days. From llsnryvllle Mr. Bosarf wag transferred to Bridie, vllu. N. J., wbara ha mat the slrl who was to be his wife. Miss Marsaret Voas. They were mar ried In Ulauv.lt, N. T., July 9. 18 JO. lira. Uocart died April 20 laat. It was 87 years ago last Sunday that thay were married. Mr. Bosart Hunday before last said to hla daughter, Mra. Fowler. ''I'm so. lonesome; I thlnlc I will so to the cemetery today." He did, there spending his 67th wedding anniversary at the graveside of the woman who. tor more than B0 years, had been hla mate and companions llcnryvllle correspond ent (Q Btroudsburc Times. Explicit Directions ITlfY WIFE and I." eald the little man JY I to the subscription clerk, "are going to spend a few weeks with her peo ple at Blank's Corners and I want you to mall your paper to me." "Yes. sir." said the clerk. "What name, please T" "Well r to make sure of my getting It I guess you hid better address it; 'Alary Blank's husband. Blank's Corners, Penn sylvania, " A Cigar Dealer on North 8th street recently moved to a store a block or two below his old location. In the win dow of the promises vacated is displayed this signs HAYS GONE TO A BETTER PLACS jnBJ fi. HATE th;e mayor and the millions No City Executive in America Has Ever Held a Personal Kcspon sibility Comparable to Mr., Smith's for the Dis posal of Vast Sums TN SIGNING tho measures appropriat- ing loan monoys and carrying tho en abling clauses which placo vast sums at the disposal of municipal heads, Mayor Smith this weok puts himself In tho posi tion of having direct control of $114, 525,000. In addition to this staggering sum the Mayor has or will haVo control of at least $15,000,000 of loans authorized In years past but not yet expended or floated. Add to thoso sums between $30, 000,000 and $40,000,000 that will be needed for oporatlng expenses each year of the four of his administration, and the Mayor looms up as a financial power second to few this nation has over known. Mayor Smith's present position has no parallel in any American city. Tho pres ent big financial deals only partly tell the story, as plans aro already being con sidered for futuro loans to include mil lions for a sowago disposal system, mil lions fiforo for extensions to the city's water system and at least $5,000,000 for a new Philadelphia General Hospital. Never before in tho history of Philadel phia has any Mayor of any party been entrusted with the expenditure of a loan In excess of $l(j,000,000, and a loan of such size, when nuthorlzed not mnny years ago, was considered most unusual. In years past loans ranging from $4,000,000 to $11,000,000 were considered big undertak ings, and when two or mora loans wero authorized In any twelvemonth such ac tion was considered a feat wosth many columns of newspaper comment. These operations, In view of the big expendi tures planned for the next three years and a half, dwindle Into comparative in significance and will be more or less lost sight of in the future financial history of the city. In the Mayor's Grip In gauging the power of Mayor Smith with such tremendous resources back of him, It must be remembered that he now has absolute control of the largest sum of money that city financiers ever Jn their wildest dreams' thought of placing at the disposal of one executive. His grip on the situation Is best demonstrated by the fact that legislation placing $57,100,000 In the hands of the Department of Tran sit, $10,000,000 credit to the Department of Wharves, Docks and Ferries and' mil-, lions more at tho disposal of other de partments, means that not one cent can be spent before the Mayor lends his approval to even the least important turns In the deal, It Is true that Coun cils have, in some instances, notably In the case of Director Twining, of the De partment of Transit, lent their power of creating positions and fixing salaries to members of the Mayor's Cabinet. This was done so that present working forces pould bo greatly augmented and the new places paid for out of the loan moneys; but It must be remembered that every Director Invested with appointive power is directly responsible to the Mayor and that betora creating new places. and fix ing salaries the Mayor must be consulted and must give his approval. At this time no estimate of the moneys to be spent on new positions made neces sary by the vast municipal undertakings now under way or about to be started can be made, but of course the money ex pended in this way la not to be compared with the tremendous sums to be laid out In contract letting. In the letting of con tracts the Mayor's great power Is again evident, as It Is to him that all contracts must bo sent after they have been offi cially approved by departmental heads. He will bo the final court of review, hud no work will be undertaken until he has approved. The two great political factions of the Republican Organization are controlled by two of tho largest municipal costrastort STREET AFTlUR THE , i in this part of tho country. Mayor Smith, with all his power, has boon assisted In carrying his financial program to Its pres ent stato by ward leaders and Councllmen who owo tholr allegiance to Senator Edwin H. Vare and his brother, Congressman William S. Varo. Most of tho opposition to the loan bills and many of the obstacles to tho passage of necessary legislation In Councils originated from followers of tho Penrose-McNlchol faction. Senator James P. MoNlchol heads a number of contract ing concerns noted for the magnitude of their operations in every big olty of the East, Both the Vara and McNlchol con oerhs havo already gained a foothold in transit work, and their share In the many big projects planned will males Interesting reading during the years that Mayor Smith Is in offlco. Influence of the Vares Admittedly most of Mayor Smith's DIroctors owo thoir political prominence and positions to the Vnre forces. This Is doubly the cose with his Assistant DIroctors. What significance, if any, can be attaohed to this condition is a ques tion that tlmo alone will tell. Just how soon an effort will be made to float loans out of the funds authorized has not been determined. This is not indicative of delay, as under existing laws the loan funds of the city are used for loan purposes and a. general loan fund Is maintained so that contract payments can be made as they, come due out of a oentral fund. The effeot of an effort to float any considerable portion of loans at one time is feared, as bankers on a recent loan Issue did not offer nearly suoh high premiums for city 4 per cent bonds as was the case at the last Issue under for mer Mayor Blankenburg and before the city had been definitely launched upon Its present ambitious campaign for Improve ments. If present plans are carried out bonds will be sold in the not distant future to cover the $4,900,000 needed to maintain the city government from now until the end of the year. It Is planned to have this bond Issue for a period of five years only, so that posterity will not be called upon to shoulder a burder that under any "pay-as-you-go" act would have to be met during the year the expenses were In curred. Other bond Issues .will cover pro vision for new transit work and for money to take over property along tho Parkway, Former City Solicitor Ryan estimated that approximately $10,000,000 would be needed this year for Parkway purposes alone. Bankers will, during the next year, have unusual opportunities to obtain city 4 per cent bonds for periods of years ranging from five to 60, and the lettipgs will un doubtedly make new financial history for Philadelphia. Future loans that, the citizens will be asked to approve will be based upon needs for a new Blockley, as the $3,000,000 in the present loans for a Philadelphia Gen eral Hospital will be expended at Byberry Farms, and less than $1,000,000 of old loan moneys is available for improving some pf the Antiquated buildings at Blockley. This ever-popular cry is counted on to carry less popular measures In loans that are as yet tentatively discussed by Mayor Smith's financial advisers. TRUTH FOR T. R. The Texss Legislature Is engaged In try ing to pais a measure prohibiting fake ad vertising. Those Texans are quite fore handed. They have been reading the papers and probably reasoned that that "major general with 12,000 picked troops" would want to pass through their state. Knoxvllle Sentinel, COURAGE Having bluffed Carranza to a standstill with proffers of munitions and financial assistance, tbe Administration fearlessly grants asylum to Clpriano. Castro, exclaim ing the while, "Wh&' afraidt"; Omaha WAR Copyright, 1910, by John T. lloCutchson. What Do You Know? Ourf o osnerol Interest trill be otuunred to this column. Ten Question!, the anewere le which evert; toII-(normd cert on eiou4 Knew. re utkti tallu. QUIZ 1. Which is larrer in are, the Danish West Indies or FhllntlelDhlaT J. IIor la gait obtained? 8. What and where is GoloondaT 4. What Is meant by n "troe bill"? B. Who Is John Redmondf 0. What 1 meant nowadays hy the "solden calf"? 7, What Is "Sabbath day's Joaroey'f 8. What Is a sandstorm? t 0. Who was Madame niaratsky? 10. What day will be the second anniversary of the beginning of the Great War? Answers to Yesterday's Quiz 1, Ornnee Hook, In which the srlerances of Holland arslnst Germany, France and England are told. t, D'nal D'rltb. a Jewish fraternal associa tion. 8. States in the "rrnln belt" I Illinois. Mis souri, Wisconsin, Minnesota, the Dakotas, Nebraska and Kansas. 4. Tbe, Xrfitln TJnloni those countries. like Bel- rlum, France, Greece, Italy and Bwltier and, whose currency Is Interchangeable and Is based on tbe franc, 10 8-10 cents. 0. Camaraderie! rood fellowship. 0. Yard! n spar along across s mast to sap part a sail. 7, "To go to Canossa"! to hnmble oneself after recalcitrance, referrlnr to the penitence of the Kmperor Henry IV. 8. Immortelles t composite flowers of papery texture retaining color after being drledl often used to adorn graves. 0. Angsbnrr Confession; the chief eredal state ment of faith In the Xutheran Church. 10. Golden Agei a nation's best age, usually referring to literature, as the age of Augustus In Itome ' and of Ellidbetb. In Au iin gland. Schools of Oratory BtfffoT of "What Do You Know" Where is there a school of oratory in Philadelphia? What Is tho oost of a school term? W. W. If you will look In the classified seotlon of the directory or telephone book under "Elooutlon" and "Schools" you will be able to compile a list of the sohools where ora tory is taught Application there will sup ply you with the needed Information. Concerning Alabama Editor of ""What Do You KnourVrbr has Alabama 13 eleotoral votes? Is there any place In the United States where there Is no thunder and lightning? What is Ala bama's State flower? Some say magnolia, soma goldenrod. Where does this quotation corns from: Before the deep-mouthed chimney, dimly lit by dying brands. Twenty soldiers sat and waited, with their muskets in their hands. O.A.B. According to the Congressional Directory of May, 1918, Alabama has 13 electoral votes. In any case, any State has as many eleotoral votes as It has Senators and Rep resentatives In Congress, whloh Is In ac cordance with the Constitution. (3) The frequency of occurrence of lightning and thunder storms is published regularly In the United States Monthly Weather Review, and the'annual summary shows that the number of days on which thunderstorms were re ported varies from 100 at any station In Louisiana, and Florida to five or even one per annum at special stations in Arltona, California, Maine, Nevada, North Dakota, Oregon and Washington. Evidently there is no section where thunderstorms do not occur sometimes, however infrequently they may occur at some points. (3) The goldenrod is the, generally accepted State flower of Alabama, but it has not been officially adopted. (4) Possibly one of our readers will be able to supply information as to the authorship of the lines you quote. Truce of God D. J. In lOiO, in France, the True of Cod was first enacted by the Church. It forbade private combats between sunset Wednesday and sunrise Monday, also dur ing Advent and Lent and on ecclesiastical feast and fast days. All Crusaders came under the protection of this law. The Peace of God was earlier by, flv years and threat ened with excommunication all tntn who, re fused to lay down their arms. At the reading of this command, which took place daily, the last words were "may their light be, put out as a candle." All lights in the church were then extinguished and the congregation was compelled to work lis way out as best It could. The Peace Treaties Editor of "What Do You Know" Has the United States signed peace treaties with other nations? T. W. About 30 countries have signed treaties with the United States allowing time for dis cussion before hostilities. Exchange of rati fications has made treaties effective with, Guatemala, Great Britain, Costa Rica, Nor way, Portugal, Paraguay, Spain, Peru, Bo livia, Sweden, Denmark, France, Russia, Jfruguay.n4JtsJi THE CARIBBEAN AN AMERICAN SEA Undo Sam Can Guard tho Panama Canal Better When Ho Owns tho Danish West Indies WHEN Undo Bam acquired the Pan ama Canal he found himself in the state of the old lady who bought a new pair of andirons. Every one knows that the andirons were so flno they made the mantotpteco look shabby. A new mantel had to be built. Then tho old furniture looked out of place In Ihe room. Tho outcome was that a new houso had to bo put Up around the andirons before the lady was satisfied. Necessity, rather than a desire for ar tlstlo harmony, is impelling Undo Sam. He cannot stop until ho has made the Caribbean Sea an American lake. The naval strategists aro tolling him what he must buy or control or neutralize if ha would retain possession of the waterway through tho Isthmus In tlmo of war as well as in tlmo of peaco. The purchase of tho Danish West In dies, which has long boon urged by of ficers of tho navy, becama Imperative as soon as wo got 'possession of tho Canal Zone. It had been destrablo beforo that and an attompt had been made to Induce tho , Danes' to sell tho small group of Islands off tho east coast of Porto Illco. When that attempt was made we did not own Porto Rico and Cuba, was still Spanish and our protectorate over Haiti and San Domingo had not been established. The Greater and tho Lesser Antilles were owned by European Powers. Franco, Great Britain and Holland, as well a Denmark, woro ontronched along tho rim of tho Caribbean. Tho Danish Islands woro small and not worth much. About fifty years ago wo offered $7,600,000 for thorn, or 3300,000 moro than wo paid for Alaska. Tho Danos woro willing to soil, but the Senato failed to'ratlfy tho treaty of purchase Undor tho Roosevelt Ad ministration wo ofTcrod $5,000,000. The. Amorlcan Sonato agreed to tho plan, but the Danish Parliament defeated It by a single voto. Now fourteon years later wo aro offering $25,000,000, togothor with k tho surrender of whatovor rights we may havo to tho discoveries by Amorlcan ox-' plorers In Greenland. Monaco to the Monroe Doctrine At first blush it might -seem as if this was a wasto of monoy. So far as tho de fense of tho Panama Canal is concerned, Cuba is an American island. Wo control her foreign affairs and no hostllo force can uso tho Cuban harbors as a baso of opera tions against us until it has seized them. Wo hold Haiti and San Domingo in our fist, and thoso two nogro republics exist by our graco. Tho island which thoy oo oupy is American In all military cssen- tlals. Porto Rico, cast of San Domingo, came to us after tho Spanish War. This group of Islands, extending along almost the wholo northern longth of the Carib bean Sea and separating it from tho At lantlo, is no longer a monaco to Amorl can intorcsts. The Danish islands east of Porto Rico have been a monaco to American peace, for thoy have contained tho possibilities of a challengo to the validity of tho Mon roe Doctrine. Germany has looked with longing eyes on them, for Germany has noeded a naval station on this side of the Atlantic Thero wero rumors that the defeat of the plan of salo in the Danish Parliament fourteen years ago was due to Gorman lntrlguo. Tho reports wero( donled, of course, but the.'denlals did not necessarily mean that tho Germans had been indifferent. The United States could not have consented to the purchase of the Islands by Germany or by any other Eu ropean Power. It they were to be sold we must buy them. Thero was no ques tion of this in the mind of any American statesman of standing or In the mind of any naval officer who was worth his salt to his country. A Watch, Tower In the Southern Sea The consummation of plans for the purchase is one of the' most Important steps toward strengthening the national defenses made by the present Adminis tration. When tho Islands aro turned over to us there Is likely to be a revision of the plans for the naval protection of the Panama, Canal. A strong naval sta tion will be equipped on one of the har bors and the importance of Guantanamo station In Cuba will disappear. There are other routes to Panama than by 'way of tho Windward Passage between Cuba and ' San Domingo, but this is the principal one. With warships stationed at St. Thomas It will be possible to Intercept ships beforo they reach that passage, for our ships will have a base about seven hundred miles further east than the pres ent unsatisfactory naval station on the eastern end of Cuba, It is difficult to over estimate the value of a purchase which will carry our first line of defense so much further out to sea. When the title to these Islands passes the only serious menace that will remain will be the Dutch Islands in the Lesser Antilles. The British own Jamaica and a large number of 'smaller Islands, but It has been the policy of America for a cen tury to maintain friendly relations with the other great English-speaking Power, Fra'noe, which owns some more of the islands, does not threaten us. But Hol land might be Induced to transfer soma of her Islands to another Power, The probability Is not great, but our states men are not Ignoring the possibility of it. Bo, before the train of consequences fol lowing the decision to dig thp ditch through the Isthmus of Panama Is com pleted, It Is likely that we shall have to enter into much larger expenses than any that have already been incurred. We cannot play the part of a great nation unless we rise to our responsibilities with unfaltering courage. G.W.D. A STAND-UP FIGHT In the meantime the tall-ender on the headless Bull Moose ticket, Jphn M. Parker, of Louisiana, Progressive candidate for Vic President, continues to Implore bis fellow partisans to stand up and fight. Many of them are doing so, we can tell .Mr. Parker. They are standing beside their former Re publican associates and are now fighting tbe Democrats, Bridgeport (ConnJ Stan dard. (LAUGHTER) The next U-boat that will arrive from Ger. many Is the Bremen, carrying a cargo of drugs. That is the latest dope. Kaos GJtlClsmBA. . w Ml 1! I I
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