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EVENING LEDGER PHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY, JULY 18, 191G.
JW
B'i"i'Wffi v-wy j""i
ftfli M...r... i r,, t.i 1 l.i
foeftfttrt gHI UttiBct
public iEDGErt Company
f " eraus H. k. ctinris. reMiBsT.
rww . Mdlnrten, Vic President! John
earth. SMretarv and Treasurer 1 Phlltfl A.
illms. John B. Williams. Directors.
Hiil t f& i .p, ., ,, . ,.
, ftDITOtltAIi nOARD:
, t3itJ It. K. Critns, Chairman.
, fc WHALBT.. . Editor
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mbovf.
Th universe it change; our life
it what our thoughts make it. Marcus
Auretiusi
Now If the President would Juat
make Mr. Daniels Governor Qoneral of
OtHunl
Credit must bo given Mr. Hay tor
his willingness to retire from tho House.
Just suppose, for Instance, that he could
Hot have scon tho Judgeship.
A vice raid that gets nono of the
dealers In vice who arc friendly with tho
authorities may bo a grand success ft
tha politicians, but all tho public sots Is
the smell.
The gas company makes and sells
gas at the rato of SO cents tho thousand
cubla feet. Thd consumer pays one dollar.
A 35 per cent, tax for tho privilege of
Using gas Is pretty high.
If war should break suddenly on the
United States there would be no human
being who would. know what to do with
the navy. News dispatch.
Well, Mr. Daniels might order Its
suns put up at auction along with the
wine glass sorvlces.
Tlie railroads are to bo Investigated
Again by a congressional committee. Per
haps Congress wants to know how they
..manage, to bo prosperous. In splto of all
the captious Interference with which it
Was proposed to cripple them.
It was widely announced that Ger
many had devised a substltuto for rubber
and did not need that commodity. It is
noticed, nevertheless, that tho De'utsch
land, seeking the most precious cargo
for her return voyage, hits on rubber as
tho prime desideratum.
The Democrats are now hoping to
adjourn Congress about the middle of
August. There are political fences to be
looked after, and tho nation would be
Just aa well off without any more legislating-,
particularly ns the kind of legis
lation the nation wants cannot be got.
The Bethlehem Steel Company
offers the Government everything It
could hope to get by building its own
armor plate factory. If tho Senate does
not smite the scheme for wasting tax
payers' money, and smite it hard. It will
be because there is no common sense left
In Washington.
Rural credits, long In operation
abroad, and successful, now become part
ef the national system of llnance. There
will be criticism and probably mistakes,
but the President Is Justified In his "real
motion" at signing the bill. It Is one
of tho constructive measures upon which
his heart was Bet. And It may be the last
1m will put through.
Von Jagow Is much alarmed over
the possibility of an attack on the
Deutschland. "To allow an attack with
out warning upon an unarmed, fragile
boat with the lives of the crew at the
toercy of a single shot, that is some
thing of which wo refuse to believe the
United States Is capable." There was the
Lusltanla. with the lives noonly of her
erew, but of all her passenger, "at the
mercy of a single shot." That shot was
Jlred,
The British Government, acting
through the Liquor Trafflo Control
.Board, has decided to purchase all the
breweries and public houses In and about
She city of Carlisle. Fully a third of the
publta houses will be closed and others
1U be equipped as model refreshment
ues, where Intoxicants will not be
14- Tet Jn the great State of Pennsyl.
ml the liquor Interests have the
t"iici:y to Opposo a local option law and
ctually contribute money to debauch the
iorate and' control the Legislature.
Immediately upon learning of the
it of the soldiers" relief funds. Phila-
Jphla subscribed $10,000, and a large
jitt of that sum was continuing, to be
4 each month. It Is still regrettable
at mere snouia do so ihiio aemocraoy
tMe apportionment pf good deeds.
Wu! as tbm city must be for the sup.
9t wtvts andchJUlren here, U cannot
r:rtiing mat in nunc or an con-
comes from a wealthy few. A
I rfort t Bt pledges, n great nurn-
r. ea dollar a month should be
Thet? a little of the preptredneis
would be glvuu a. chance to make
Cvftaln organs of publlelty in CIn-.
are making themselves notable
ioArrcn i nails of American pollUcs-
ttei tmm ON W f the san-
' im turn tMi0Ftey juiowa asd
respected former Ambassador to France,
Myron T. Iterrick. Another Is Harry M.
Daughorty. Tho latter Is favored by
certain citizens of Cincinnati simply be
cause tho former conies from Cleveland
and the latter from Columbus, O. The
domination of Cleveland In Ohio' affairs
w6rrles tho Queen City and apparently
there will bo thoso who will sacrifice the
services of an eminent man In order to
satisfy a ridiculous sense of local pride.
Something too much of this spirit has
been seen already In American life. Sel
dom has It been so unblushing.
POLICE IN THE VICE
DISTRICT
"ptIRING tho Blankenburg Admlnls--'
trntlon a vlco 'quarantine was es
tablished and with more or less effec
tiveness maintained. A number of be
draggled women, destitute of money and
morality, having gono down tho wrong
gullet of civilization and come at last
Into tho muck nnd mtro of soul-nakedness,
were snatched from tho brothels
In which they piled their trnde and driven
out Into tho byways and highways, where
they sought, ns best they could, some
refugo from tho law, nnd found It too
often cither In other cities or In sections
of this municipality whither formerly
their foul breath had not penetrnted.
Human chnrlty Is not always (lint nnd
Ice. There were somo among us, practi
cal people, who know that a condition,
not a theory, was to bo solved. They
asked for no catalogue of sin that they
might hold a calendar of shame unceas
ingly beforo the eyes of tho fallen whtlo
nhoutlng "Unclean! unclean!" Instead,
they made provision for homes to which
these women might go, whero kindly
treatment would seek to revive) in them
tho moribund ghosts of conscience, which
would lash Into activity the nerves of
moral vision and afford a lighting chanco
for tho recovery of respectability and
self-respect.
Raids may be good as disciplinary
measures, cither for tho dlsclpllno of
politicians who must bo taught that to
levy a toll on vlco they must first prac
tico loyalty toward tho powers that be,
or for tho dlsclpllno of tho habitues who,
having paid a price for protection, throw
restraint to tho winds and give their
licentiousness no bounds. But at its best,
if conceived In good purpose and achieved
In tho right spirit, a raid can bo only a
raid, a poor palllatlvo for a conO't.'on
that needs a cure. Tho Magdalenes of
tho world cannot bo clubbed into
righteousness. They are morally dis
eased, and they need a spiritual quinine
more than they do a physical flagellum.
Tho protagonists of segregation, with
its accompanying recognition of vlco as
a necessity, havo made, no great progress
in America, although tho scheme has
seemed to work fairly well In such a city
as New Orleans. Segregation offers no
cure. It Is a police measure, Intended to
protect decent citizens, and that Is all
that It docs do. On tho other hand, the
dispersion of the outcasts has In It also
nono of the elements of a cure. It seeks
to kill by hiding. It is centrifugal, not
centripetal In action, so It merely spreadi
over a wide area a curso which has
crushed only a small nrea.
Tho problem was old when Homer was
young. Each successive civilization has
sought to solve It In Its own way, and
none has succeeded. This ago must
bring to the problem not tho prison cc
and tho brutality of the police club, but
Its science and Us culture, Its knowledge
n.nd Its religion, fighting this plague as It
lights leprosy or any other, In tho expec
tation that for It, too, there may be
found a cure. Wo have none in sight
now. We can do no more than apply
preventive measures, ns we do for In
fantile paralysis. Is the raid such a pre
ventive measure? Under proper conditions
It might be. It may, under other condl
tlons, be worse than tho vice It proposes
to eradicate. Law-enforcement Is an every
day thing; not a spasmodic and theatri
cal affair.
It Is more important to get the
politicians out of the vice district than It
is to drag the habitues out, for the former
action Is a prerequisite to the latter.
There Is no proof that protection Is being
paid for, but the signs all point to a com
mercialization of the cleansing process,
under conditions likely to encourage vice
rather than sterilize the objectionable
territory.
THE TURN OF THE TIDE
FOR the first time since the war began
the Kaiser has had the disagreeable
experience of retreat under his own eyes.
In comparison with the present move
ment the retreat from the outskirts of
Paris has superior grandeur and glory,
but less significance In a military sense.
For the former merely meant that Ger
many could not win the war as she first
Intended. The present move signifies
that Germjiny is not to wn the war at
all. which Is a thing which she neither In
tended nor anticipated. The difference in
spiritual attitude is all to the advantage
of the Entente, for Just as two years ago
there was no heart which did not feel the
dire pressure of ultimate defeat, ea there
Is not one now which does not rejoice
in the rare hope of victory. Germany de
fensive on two fronts, with Austria
seriously crippled, Bulgaria indifferent,
and facing enemies swift tq attack, merci
less In their intensity, is the result of two
years, of war. If this will no end the
mystics power of the word militarism,
nothing ver will. The fine minds, the
splendid energies of a great people have
gone to the making of a delusion which
turned into a nightma.-e The world re
sisted, but it has room for pity. But that
can come only when the delusion la shat
tered fMTavver.
Tom Daly's Column
The Proposal
The. Trine of Walea la reported to be en
taxed to Princess Tolanda, o( Italy.
Kewa nets.
He They've let me come and speak to
VOHi
I Morider ichat they're up to now.
She Oh, pleass'l my tvorcLs lw7falcc ces
few,
I wouJda speak but know not how.
He The deucel They've wished this
fflrl on me
And that why they Jet me come.
She My icord Anglalce ces few, you sec.
An' dat'sa why I am so dom6.
He sec what I have got to do;
I'd better do it right away.
She Oh, pleass'l my words Anglalce ces
few,
Rut Acre ces wan 1 musta say.
He f.crj have It over with; here goes!
Why ask the question? Can't you
OUCKSt
She You aska som'thccng'W'hatT Who
knows?
But I was told to tal you "Yes."
ON the first pago of our favorite morn
ing paper we read of tho Tenderloin
raid and turning to an Insldo page we
camo upon this headline, over an up
state news Item
Big Coke Factory Shuts Down.
What Is known among tho Fancy ns
"coko" was unknown In tho old days,
but tho crowd of bedraggled humanity In
the tolls of this raid was much tho same
ns that wo saw 25 years ago whon
Applcgnto's Carousscl at 8th nnd Vino
streots was rounded up by the police In
a spasm of virtue. Hey! World, you're
n great old ball! "Roll on! thou ball, roll
on!"
THIS Is a drug storo ad In a movlo
theatro's program:
Every Body loiea to Dnnco In Spring lime,
to over como Pcraptrntlon.
USE PERSPiniNE 200
WITHOUT courting trouble by nam
ing only names, wo must roport that
the committee In chargo of a certain big
convontlon recently held In this town In
cluded In Its report this Item:
To oxpense, wining up affairs, $100.
PERMANENT and reiponilble married couple,
no children, want to rent unfurnished tour
room lower duplex hnuee or lower floor ot
homo whtro thcro nra no children, etc.
Ad In Houston (Tex.) Post.
WE WOULD like to ask Judd Lewis,
the J'cst'a poet, who Is an authority
on children and all tho Joys that go with
them, what right this silly couplo has to
consider Itself "permanent."
YOUNG FATHER CHARLES L.
O'DONNELL, of Notro Damo Uni
versity, Is out with his first book of
verse, "Tho Dead Musician'" (Laurence
J. Gommo, New York). Hero Is real
poetry. For a sample of his fancy we
quote thlu fine Shnkcspcarcan sonnet:
DROUGHT.
There Is no clover, and the frustrato bees,
Abroad upon tho fields and down the lane.
Through nil tho forests of unflowered trees,
Monotonously murmuring, complain.
Murmuring monotonous, with wilding wings
That bear no blossomy burden nightly
home
For nil their laboring, but ldlo things,
But builders of a barren honeycomb.
Thus Is It now tho summer of my dreams
When falls no drop of rain or quickening
daw ;
There are but sand3 where Into wero sing
ing streams.
And dusty bareness where tho sweet
thymo grew:
Tho bees of all my thoughts nra Idle long;
Thcro Is no honey In the hlvo of song.
The Dcutschland's Deck Passengers
Sir I am an old man, wnltlng for
the sunset, but may I nominate for a
chair on the Deutschlaml's deck. Mr.
Frank A. Munsey. PA11K ROW.
PLENTY of room yet. Lot tho nomina
tions come along. Somo kind friend
presents a pair of oxtra heavy diving
shoes and two lC-pound dumbbells for
Michael Francis Doyle; another sends
two 600-pound lumps of lco for Charles
W. Morse.
We have been asked, also, what flowers
would bo appropriate to send aboard.
Well, there's Symplocarpus foetldus for
one; thistles are coming in, too; and
there's tho rag weed and the sunflower,
both delicately fit.
A NATIONALLY KNOWN 6 nnd 10 cent
store In Phoenlxvllte advertises "Nickel
Bath Room Fixtures. 10 Cents Each."
Is It any wonder they can build 10-story
skyscrapers SWEN.
Our Blackmail Department
What would It
be worth to a cer
tain Judge In our
City Hall to sup
press tho story of
how, -10-odd years
ago, he Btole two
of his mother's
cherry pies to
bribe the school
Janitor (whose pipe
and tobacco he had
found In the school
yard) not to tell that mother how sick
he had been?
"The driver." saya a Philadelphia trafflo
ordinance, ''must extend hla arm horizontally
at teaat ten feet before tha point where hla
course la altered." And tosh! It taken aev
eral days' hard practice to get the hang of
extending one's arm horizontally a mere six or
eight 'e,jl0Jy jjcPhee, Ia Springfield Union.
W
HY did not some contrib tell us of
this before McPhee got it?
NA, NA, Tarn; ye'reaway oft in ca'lng
"gowft" Scotch-Jrish. There's no Irish
In "gowff " It's pure Scot Away back
in the John Knox days they used to put
them in Jail for playing It on the links of a
Sunday. Hut I like It It's he grandest
thing for the lawn grass business. They
.j iifMatl, ntnlnnlfem Pn, npstanslo
Festuca rubra, Anthoxanthum odoratum
ana iota e& uur wibo. Ainu ueins: a
thrifty man and in the seed business-
I am sincerely yours. McTAVISIL
Intrenched
riryiIS I how ' wl" B0 about It when I
X start In business," said the young col
lege graduate to a circle of listeners. "I am
going to take the first position they offer
roe. I intend to apply for several and then
take my pick,"
"Yes. undoubtedly." snorted the dls
gruiited clerk. "Very likely you will take
jour pick and. I will be following you with a.
shovel." ARNOLD.
" --
Y T ran-irt thil -ten aa tho "1 .-
t rrk "w Picture r shown oa ,
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W1imMif-M ti'MJfr HIaPL HffiM
m I ill iKwilIKHr 'Twifflfflini
Li M1 -LWITrl1 in i mii( IIMHaLLr "i$3r &. x ri-BBHtrmlWII
W II ffi i fill! IRH
THE SECRET OF QUEEN ELIZABETH
The Mystery of Her Refusal to Marry A Tradition That the
Woman Who Reigned in Her Name Was Not the
Daughter of Henry VIII
By JOHN ELFRETH WATKINS
10CKED In tho doptns 01 wuceii ,..i
J beth's heart was a secret that
no ono could ever fathom. Various biog
raphers havo remarked upon her se
croUveness, and upon the fact that she
took vory few people into her confidence.
Sho never married. Thoso who havo
written her history havo expressed their
amazement at her attitude toward men.
At various times sho avorrod that sho
would never marry. When only IB, and
whilo being nrdently courted by tho Lord
Admiral Seymour (who later wedded her
stepmother, Queen Catherlno Parr, sho
wrote to that suitor a letter, In which
sho stated In regnrd to tho possibility of
her future marriage: " If ever I
should think of it (which I do not be
Hove), you would bo tho first to whom
I should mako known my resolution."
When sho was 23, Giovanni Mlchtel. tho
Venetian Ambassador, wrote of her to
the Dogo of Venice: "Sho, I understand,
having plainly said that she will not
marry, oven wore they to give her the
King's" (Philip of Spain's) "son, or find
any other great prince, I again respect
fully remind your sorenlty to enjoin
secrecy about this."
Sho would not allow doctors to ex
amine her even when sho was HI. She
looked upon them as a source of dan
ger. Her masculinity was a subject of com
ment. "The constitution of her mind la
exempt from female weakness, and she Is
endued with an excellent power of appll
cntlon," her tutor, Roger Ascham, wrote
of her In n letter to the rector of Stras
bourg University, when she was 17. "In
tho whole manner of her life," added
Ascham, "she rather resembles Hip
polyta" (Queen of tho Amazons) "than
Phaedra" (who was wont to love not
wisely, but too well).
Sho carried about with her a stock
of wigs "no les3 than SO of various col
ors," She bore no resemblance to her
mother, Anne Boleyn. but was said by
somo biographers to favor her father,
King Henry VIII.
The only persons who seemed to en
Joy her confidence were her childhood
nurse, Mrs. Ashley, and the King's
cofferer, or btoward, Thomas Parry.
When Elizabeth was only 15. Sir Robert
Tyrwhlt, the great English critic, wrote
of her to Protector Somerset: "I do
verily believe that there hath been some
secret promise between my lady, Mistress
Ashley and the cofferer never to con
fess to death, and If It bo so, it win
rover be gotten unless by the King's
Majesty, or else by your Grace," These
two attaches of the royal household wero
the only persons In whom she was ever
known to confide. To tho end of her
days she was loyal to both of them. On
her accession to the throne, she ap
pointed Parry Controller of the Royal
Household. She continued to shower
honors upon both him and his daughter
SCOTS AS LEADERS
Wherever the Scotchman goes he becomes
a leader. You hear of the Irish vote, the
German vote, the Italian vote, but you hear
only of Scottish leadership. He has had a
powerful influence on our country.
Our first newspaper was published by a
Scotchman; a Scot first won international
honors for American letters; the steamboat,
telephone, telegraph and electric light were
devised by men of Scotch descent The sec
ond college In our land was founded by a
Scotch divine: our Constitution was framed
and adopted largely by the influence of two
Scotch lawyers; ur most majestic orator,
our most winning politician, our most meta
uUvsicat statesman, our greatest diplomatist
acd our greatest vt were of scotch lineage.
So of many of our business captains aud
railroad magnates, almost one-baU of our
presidents an4 a large proportion of our
SCRAPS OP PAPER
ns long as they lived "conduct," re
marks tho biographer, Strickland, "which
naturally Induces tho suspicion that
secrets of great moment had been con
fided to him socrets that probably would
havo touched not only tho maiden name
of his loyal mistress, but placed her life
l Jeopardy, nnd that ho had preserved
these Inviolate Tho same may bo sup
posed with respect to Mrs. Ashley, to
whom Elizabeth clung with unshaken
tenacity through every storm." After
succeeding to tho throne, Elizabeth
knighted Parry. During Mrs. Ashley's
last Illness tho was honored by personal
attentions from the Queen, who mourned
her old nurse with deep grief.
What was this secret which Elizabeth
guarded so closely, nnd which seems to
have been shared by these two func
tionaries of tho royal household? Only
within tho last decade has an answer of
any deflnlteness ever been ventured by
an authority reaching tho world at large.
Upon tho eastern slope of Cotswold
Hills, in Gloucestershire, lies hidden tho
ancient vlllago of Blsley, at whoso manor
house, Overcourt, Elizabeth was isolated
In chargo of Mrs. Ashloy during a pesti
lence which threatened London when
the young Princess was a child of 11.
Tho author, Bram Stoker, somo tlmo ago,
visited Blsley, and uncovered this tradi
tion: During the child Elizabeth's stay
in tho vlllago she died of a sudden ill
ness upon the eve of a visit from her
father, Henry VIII. In terror,' Mrs. Ash
loy placed tho Princess' body In a stone
tomb, and scoured tho country round for
a child resembling Elizabeth sufilciently
well to allow a substitution that would
deceive the King, who had never taken
the trouble to acquaint himself very
familiarly with his falr-halred daughter.
Unable to find a girl bearing sufilclent
likeness, the nurse discovered a boy of
the name of Neville, strikingly like Eliza
beth in appearance. This lad was
dressed in the Frlncess' clothes, and mas
queraded ns tho royal" child thenceforth
through the career of the personage
known ln history as Queen Elizabeth,
According to this tradition, all persons
learning the secret, except Mrs. Ashloy
and Thomas Parry, were "gotten rid of."
Some years ago, when a stone tomb
upon the estate of Overcourt was opened,
the bones of the young girl were found
therein lying among remnants of costly
clothing. Mr. Stoker has suggested IhM
the boy, masquerading as the royal
princess and later as Queen Elizabeth,
was a son born at an Inopportune time to
Henry VIII's natural son, the Duke of
Richmond, and Mary Howard, whom he
married.
Whether or not these traditions and
speculations have any foundation m
fact, the world may never know, and
probably the deep secret of Quden Eliza
bcth will remain unanswered until the
end of time.
(Copyright.)
Cabinet members, Judges and Governors.
Was there ever such a drain of leadership
upon a like areaT
The Scotch have not alone helped make
America. They control Australia, direct
New Zealand, lead Canada and rule Africa.
For centuries Scot and Briton were bitterest
enemies. Edinburgh and Paris conspired
against Imdon. The union, when it finally
came, was one of crowns and not of hearts.
There still lurks Jealousy under the surface.
Write a letter to a. loyal Glasgonlan, ad
dress it "North Britain," and see what hap
pens! Century Magazine.
TOO BAD
The prospect of an honorable, peaceful
and sufficient adjustment of relations with
the republic of Mexico involves the destruc
tion of a spectacular scene staged by Colo
nel Theodore Roosevelt Boston post
Copyright, 1010, John T. McCulcheon.
What Do You Know?
Cueries 0 central interest will J oniioered
in this column. Ten questions, tha answers t
uhich every well-lnormed peraon shouli Know,
are asked daily.
QUIZ
1. Whnt I tho tlrrhntlon of "Roller) .now,"
the fnmntm London pnrk thoroughfare?
2. Where l the Pntnpnrn It her?
3. What la meant lir "Peler'a Pence"?. . .
I. Explain the current onjlnc, "A nickel Is
now worth 0 rrnU." m ,,
B. Etnlnln Hie expression "payment for time
nml half-time." ...
0. About uliru mm the (tret rnllronil betueen
rhll.ulclphlii nnd Atlantic Cltr com-
7. Ilnw do ntinrks nttnrk human helngii?
H. What U meant br n Miner tax? .. . ,
!). Ilnw dies the Indirect stcm of ll.htlnr
benellt liumanlt)?
10. What In meant lr n mansard roof?
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
Metrhnlkofft famous Hussion bactcrloloclst,
who rercnlly died In Paris. .
Prohibition prevents the. xule of liquor la n
M.vtr or nation) lornl option Kites the
prlillego of permlttlnc or refusing In per
mit tho ftule ofllnuor to tlio toter In a
small Eotcrnmentul unit, llko a county or
city.
So fnr ns Is known Socrntes wrote r.othlne.
Ills wDlags arc reported In tha writings
of Plato.
The slxnlllcanco of cavalry action Is that
the deadlock of trenrh vvarfure seems now
rupable of being broken.
flermjny Is not ut var with Italy,
The width of the Delaware at .Market street
U about 2001) feet. .
William (. Sharp Is the American Ambassa
dor to Trance.
Tho Vatican recently purchased n ship to
transport the 1'npil nuncio to Urazll.
Tgcrdemnlnt sleight of bund.
The "pork hill": the rivers and harbors
appropriation bill.
Buchanan
R. T. The connection of Cameron and
Buchnnnn In the lattcr's early days Is re
ferred to by James O. Blnlne. Tho story
is that Buchanan had becomo very despond
ent. Ho hnd been Ambassador to Russia,
but on returning found preferment going
to others of less worth. Ho decided to
leave Pennsylvania and had nlmost deter
mined to go to Baltimore when ho met
Simon Cameron who urged him not to leave.
Cameron promised him tho support of his
own personal favor and Immediately set to
work to make good his word. Buchanan
was elected Senator, then re-elected, was
Secretary of State under Polk, then Minis
ter to England, and while In that service,
was nominated for the Presidency,
The Achilleon
I. L. J. We cannot undertake to pass
on tho merits of puns, but yours concern
ing the Achilleon Is correct In fact, which Is
your mnln question. The Kaiser's palace,
now under Allied lock, Is' called the Achil
leon. and It was Paris who wounded Achil
les in his vital spot Unfortunately the
pun was made before.
League
M. E. We cannot make out the letters
before the words Library League, so are
hampered In finding out exactly what your
question is.
Embalming
Anthony A. Consult any well-known
undertaker for addresses of colleges.
Aeroplanes
M. D. Aeroplanes are flown In great num
bers at League Island, the hangar of the
Aero Club and at the Aviation School at
Essington. Merely to rise a biplane would
have to develop 30-horsepower or there
abouts. A wjBrqulpped factory can turn
out a complete-biplane in a week, at a cost
of from J1000 to 910,000. You do not state
what sort of airship you mean, so these
figures are given for tha usual model of
biplane.
Books on the War
V, C. II. The books of (he' warring coun
tries are so named from the color of the
covers under which they were first issued
and the name Is used for convenience. The
German White Paper, the British Blue
Book, French Yellow Book, Belgian Gray
Paper, Russian Orange Paper. Austrian Red
Book, Italian Green Book are among those
issued. England also issued a White l'u
per. Your query concerning a medical
bibliography of Shakespeare will be answer
ed shortly.
Merchants' Fund
Bdlfor of "What Da You Know" Please
state in your paper if there is such a thing
as the "Merchant Fund" for the support
of indigent merchants. I have In mind in
the early ' "sixties of a retired wholesale
grocer bdlng maintained by such a char ty.
N MERCHANT
JJY'a find no trace of such, fund. Does
any reader know of its present state?
MOST SUBTLE
OF ALL GRIMES
Termination of Ornet Case Adda
One More Poison Mystery
to the Long
List
THE official termination of tho "Orpet
case" In tho ncqtilttal of tho TJnl
vorslty of Wisconsin student, who at the
nge of 20 was accused of poisoning nn
18-ycnrold schoolgirl, ends nothing of the
mysterious clement of the tragedy of
Marlon Lambert. Tho closing of tho trIAl
has simply added ono more to a long list
of Insoluble poison mysteries, nnd one
moro lesson for thoso who hnvo tho terrl
bio responsibility of dispensing death
dealing drugs. Whether tho girl whoso
body wns found In tho snow In Helms
Woods, tho trnccs of cynnldo of potassium '
on her lips, drank death of her own voli
tion will nevor bo known. Orfco moro Is
proved, whnt tho Borglas well knew four
hundred yoars ngo, that poison Is tho
means of committing tho nubtlest of
crimes, most dlfilcult to fasten upon tho
perpetrator, and tho only consolation
Is that sclcnco ntid tho Improved policing
of advancing civilization havo done much
to combat tho sinister "flno art of tho
Renaissance,''
Tho steps that havo been taken to
bring the chemist under pub'llo regula
tion havo mado lmposslblo modern ver
sions of thoso evil though colorful pages
that dcscrlbo tho work of tho private poi
soners that played their part In tho
retinues of Renaissance rulers and nobles.
Somo of their devices aro almost In
credible. Finger rings and bracelets wore
mado with tiny receptacles, In which poi
sons could bo secreted nnd from which
they could bo subtly emptied Into wlna
glasses at dinner. Gifts of snuffboxes
and halrcombs wero coated with powerful
drugs that took effect llko magic.
From a "flno nrt" notable poison cases
In moro recent annals havo developed Into
a scries of Isolated cases of homicidal
mania. In tho early part of tho last
contury thcro was a Berlcs of murders
committed In Germany which havo given
to tho namo of Anna Maria Zwanzlgor
an unpleasant prominence Sho was
living In Bayreuth, In 1S07, so exemplary
a llfo that ono Justice Glasor thought
ho wns getting a "Jowol" when ho on
gngod her to act as his housekeeper. He
was at that tlmo separated from his wifo.
Tho now housekeeper Improved his good
opinion of her when she managed to effect
a reconciliation between tho Judgo and
his wife. But within a month after the
wlfo's return sho wns suddonly taken sick
and died In a fow days.
Anna now left Glasor's service and went
to llvo as housekeeper with Justlco Groh
mann. Ho was a. sufferer from gout and
was often confined to hla bed. After ono
of his illnesses, lasting cloven days, ho
died, and his housekeeper appeared In
consolable. Her good namo nnd "hor
skill as a nurse," as some Blmple-mlnded
person expressed It, soon procured her
another place, this tlmo nt Magistrate
Gcbhard's house, as nurse for his wife.
Shortly nftcr her ndvont tho magis
trate's wifo was seized with violent ill
ness and died In great ngony. By this
time, when tho woman's further activity
threatened to cllmluato tho German Ju
diciary of tho generation, thcro grew a
superstitious dread of what was called
her "unlucky" presence. This caused
Gcbhard to dismiss her. On tho day of
hor departure every ono In tho household
became HI and shortly nfterwntd n packet
of arsenic was found in her possession.
Traces of arsenic" wero found in tho
bodies of tho three porsons who had
suffered from Mrs. Zwanzlger's house
keeping. For many months sho refused
to confess, but at length broke down and
her head was struck off on tho block, a
method of Inflicting capital punishment,
by tho way, which survives In Germany
to this day.
Perhaps tho most notablo poison mys
tery of tho la3t century was that of Wil
liam Palmer, who murdered John Parsons
Cook In 185G. At tho trial tho theory
was promulgated that 'strychnine could
not bo detected In tho body of a victim
after death by any known test. At
the present day, however. It Is certainly;
not true that there Is no Infallible test
for strychnine, for if, by tho "color test,"
so-called, a certain succession of color
Is produced, tho presenco of strychnia
is said to be determined beyond a doubt.
The story of tho cabe was as follows:
Cook, on coming Into hl3 fortune of
(60,000, abandoned his profession of lavr
and took to tho turf. Hero his Intimacy
with Palmer began. At that time the
latter, a surgeon by profession, but now
occupied with tho breeding and training
of race horses, was In sovcre pecuniary
straits. His wife's fortune being only
for her life, he had Insured her life for
'$65,000 at a premium exceeding his yearly
income, and strangely enough, within
nino months of this tlmo tho wife had
died.
The Insurance money Srom his wife
did not keep him long afloat. In 1854
he had discounted bills- to tho amount
of nearly $60,000,- to every one of which
he had forged the acceptance "of his
mother, and these bills wero all due or
maturing In November, 1855, the month
of the murder. On November 13 Cook's
horse Polestar won at the Shrewsbury
races, and ,8500 fell to Cook in cash
or bets, payable Jn seven days. On Wed
nesday, the 21st, Cook lay dead and his
pocketbook was empty, Though other
physicians attended, Palmer, intimate as
he was with Cook, was constantly nt
hand and administered to him, among
other things, coffee, broth and pills.
There could be but one question: -Had
Cook died of poison? Accordingly, the
defense mado effort to show that the
death had been a natural one. The
chemical tests failed to detect strychnine
In the body, and the contest centred on
the significance of the symptoms. The
leaders of the medical profession were
marshaled, on both sides. The trial '
lasted 12 days, and filled the minds of
all England. But the symptoms wero
too clear and unmistakable to be dis
regarded, and the Justice of the verdict
of "guilty" has never been impugned.
OTHELLO'S OCCUPATION GONE
If free seeds are abolished by Congress
It would seoru that a good many members
of tb house wiU losa their only occupa,
tton and might as well retire. Cleveland,
Vlaln Dalr.
s
r