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EVENING LEDGER PHILADELPHIA, THURSDAY, JULY 13, 1916.
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PUBLtC LEDGER COMPANY
p- CTRtJfl . K. CCRTIS, FaBJiBBT.
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fiDlTOJlIAt, DOAJlOl
Ctats H. K. Ccans, Chairman.
H. whalet.
..Editor
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is.. . III I 1 1 I I
High stations, tumult, not bliss create,
None think the great unhappy but the
great. Young.
ThlevwNear CltyHnll. Headllno.
Near? Thank goodness!
Ught without heat has boon dls
jSoTeretf by a French savant. Vice versa
baa bean much employed by American
politicians for many years.
, All' tho military experts havo to do
ft describing tho Russian advanco Is to
btoto to their flies of last summor, ro-
yorso-tho maps, and repeat.
Japan will build four superdrcad-
Noughts. From our own experience wo
Jodgo that Japan must recently havo suf
fered from a violent outbreak of pacifism.
The Virginia Dill of nights may be
all right for Virginia, but It won't do
for Mexico, where thero Is no gov
ernment Joo Cannon.
Never mlndl Didn't Mr. Bryan
havo usr almost to tho point where wo had
so Government olthor?
Tell all those persons who ask you
If tho movies havo not seen their best
days that tho child Is Just off a milk
diet and Is beginning to eat meat.
President Herrlngton, of tho Motion
Picture Exhibitors' League.
Milk? Nonsense; champagne!
It would be a pleasant thing If any
ono woro naive enough to say: ''What does
It signify that tho Mayor will recognize
forty-eight men In tho city as ward load
ers? Havo these forty-eight bcon distin
guished or perhaps elected by their fellow
citizens as specially worthy of consulta
tion or as representative of their desires?
And why do they bear such strange names
as "Varomen, McNlcholmcn and so on?
Aren't they Phlladelphlans?" But no. In
Philadelphia there Is no one quite so
naive.
Deplorable as Is the sudden activity
fef man-eating sharks along tho upper
AsTsey coast, thero Is little occasion for
at panic, and certainly none for avoid
toco of surf bathing altogether. It Is not
fmprobablo that one shark Is responsible
ftnf nil tho tragedies. In waters known
l to the habitat of the tiger shark,
along-the South Atlantic and Gulf coasts,
(fcath'nir In tho surf Is Just as popular a
Aversion as It Is north of Hatteras, yet
Hhoro are seldom any accidents. The
shark Is, In fact, reputed to be a coward,
leasflyto be frightened off by mere noise.
(While every caro should bo taken by
fathers, particularly not to go too far
trom shore, the danger at tho great bath-fag-
beaches, where large crowds congre
fc&te'may boponsldered as fairly re
X&eta. But fhi swimmer who insists
)0n gohiff far out In tho water to shqw
ff. Ilka the fool who rocks the boat, Is
(Imply flirting with death.
Senator Penrose might have been
ft "Washington when tho navy bill was
feeing formulated, but ho wasn't. In fact,
bo has not been In his seat for two
months, and bo was not there often before
that. There are some Senators who stick
Iosa to the Job. Their constituents ore
thereby protected. As tho naval bill now
Stands It Instructs the Secretary of the
Navy to haye the yards at Puget Sound,
Norfolk and Boston equipped to build
capital ships. "There was no one there to
apeak for Philadelphia," said Senator
Polndexter, "otherwise I presume Phila
delphia would havo been Included." "Has
Pennsylvania seceded from tho Union?"
asked a newspaper recently, referring to
absenteeism on the part of our Congress
men. No, but It Is apparent that Mr. Pen
rose has seceded from the Senate and Is
treating that august body with the neglect
and disdain which he no doubt thinks It
deserves. But one Senator on the Job is
worth two In the bushes, as the major
leaguers Bay,
One of the great pleasures of walk
lnjj about In Falrmount Park is comlnf
suddenly and with the effect of discovery
upon ts statues. The equestrian Jeanne
dPArc la almost bidden from view until
ess turns & corner. The quiet bust of
Verdi Is in a woody niche, like a benevo
lent satyr. Statuary In parks, a strangt
development. Is successful, and the pro
posal of the. Mayor to take those arounc
City Hall and places them In tho Sne set
ting of tho Parkway- Is commendable. In
grlln little children are taken to the
EUst-3 Allec and compelled to learn th
Barney dated und histories of all the
Characters, represented In marbla and
toatt therJ. Perhaps that Is why all.
t$o& Sermons hasten to agree .vith the
rt at iM crid that tha Sieges Alleo U
tlut mmt monstrous ctfensa agattut art
tpd ft Sir lbs pr&xmgf of education.
JJm tfca Vsvrtmiy motorcars will speed
Ittftttiitrj
t3ii2?
None) the less, caro should bo taken that
not all the city's statues iiro placed there.
Fop one, tho Pilgrim Father needs a more
hoblo setting than a triangle anywhere
along the way. .
"PRACTICAL MEN"
cmciiuij, oxter an tno cruet ana
JLYX bitter thrusts that ho aimed at tho
h'sxd of tho Mayor, opens tho sllty season
by "amazingly' and "totally unexpectedly"
appenrlng with Mr. Varo In the executive
reception room for harmony. It was to
have been war to tho knlfo between the
Ponrose-McNlchol faction and the Smith
Varo faction. McNIchot would never, no
never well, hardly ever soek harmony
With the Administration. His attitude,
until tho election of tho now City Com
mittee, was that of tho New England
mate who told tho offensive captain that
ho wanted "nono of his whisky, nor yet
nono of his see-gars, but only a leetlo com
mon soo-vlllty, and damned leetle of that."
But now "Uncle Jim" Is on tho Job with
a Hatful of choice Havanai of his own and
smiles that are as convincingly benign as
those of the sun himself. It Is never too
warm and sticky for affection In tho
political family.
Tho point Is an arrangement for "pro
portional representation" In tho way of
Jobs. It seems that Varo holds tho ward
leaderships by a two to ono majority.
Tho question was whother Varo was to
got all the patronage or whether McNlchol
was to get a one-third share. If ho did not
got his one-third sharo thero woro evi
dently Intimations that thore might bo a
movement at Harrlsburg to "rip" Mayor
Smith out of offlco or Impeach tho Gov
ernor, varo surveyed tno ruturo's aire
possibilities and thought bettor of any
Idea ho may havo had of measuring
swords with tho Penroso Organization In
the State.
Thoro Is, of courso, tho hint that this
being o, presidential year It Is tho tlmo
for all good men to como to tho old of
tholr party. "I will do anything I can to
build up tho Republican party," says tho
Mayor. Luckily, no matter what Bteps
to build up tho Republican party Mr.
Smith may toko, tho city Is euro to go
for Mr. Hughes. No help ho could glvo
Mr. Hughes would sorlously hurt Mr.
Hughes, no moro than Mr. Penroso's most
ardont efforts with his State Organization
havo over shaken Pennsylvania's belief In
protection and Republicanism. Tho fao
tlonal leaders have so much majority pie
that thoy can afford to uso pieces of it as
missiles. But thoy reckon without their
host if they oxpoct to carry their two to
ono division of spoils to tho Whtto House.
Mr. Hughes as Governor gave amplo
proof that ho Is deaf to the pleadings of
bosses, and as ho did not listen to tho
advlco of President Roosovolt about ap
pointments, It is scarcely llkoly that ho
will listen to Penrose or Vnro. Where
this petty factionalism, which shows its
head at Washington as well as hero and
at Harrlsburg, really hurts tho Stato is in
provontlng tho appointment to Federal
offlcos of Pennsylvanlans of tho highest
abilities. Too many eminont reputations
that for tho sako of party regularity
wear tho Penroso unlforrh aro (In a num
ber of cases unjustly) also clad In tho
Penrose othtcs, In tho vlow of Republican
Presidents. Occasionally a Knox emerges
from our Stato organization to receive
national recognition; but that Is an ex
ception that proves tho rulo.
Philadelphia's position as part of tho
fabric of national political llfo was aptly
defined by Ellhu Root whon as Secretary
of Stato In Roosevelt's Cabinet ho char
acterized tho city Organization that was
fighting tho roformers of 1905 as a com
bination "masquerading as Republicans."
It Is possible for tho city to throw off
this stigma by acquiring a municipal con
sciousness distinct from tho rest of tho
Stato. A start In that direction could bo
made by carrying tho present proportional
representation Idea of tho bosses In divid
ing up tho plums according to ward lead
erships to an entirely different phase of
proportional representation. Ward boun
daries aro puroly artificial. It Is absurd
to call tho north sido of Chestnut street
the 8th Ward nnd tho south side the
8th, The only purpose theso lines servo
now Is to parcel out the shares of activity
expected from ward leaders. A board
of flvo well-paid city managers elected
from the city at largo would be one way
of erasing theso lines and would concen
trate tho responsibility of government
upon a few men. A system of minority
representation, through permitting each
voter to vote for only ono candidate,
would produce a board of, say, threo Or
ganization managers and two Independ
ents. This would make tho protests that
aro now voiced by a few independent
Councilman appear as Bhurp divisions in
the board, tho publicity given to protests
of minority ofllclals who wero of equal
rank with the majority officials would bo
very great, nnd decisions on matters of
great moment would not "get by" so
easily by votes of three to two. Tho man
with tho deciding vote would be under
sharp fire.
The committee considering the revision
of the municipal charter was told yester
day by Mr. Burnham that every one was
agreed the city should havo a smaller
Council, that cities where the commission
form of government is In force are gov
erned, as a rule, by not more than flvo
or seven men, but that this number
would be' too small for a municipality of
this size. A Council of not 'more than
21 members would be better, he said,
with tho present Mayor and elected ad
ministrative ofllclals undisturbed. He
urged tlto employment of a city man
ager "who would havo sole charge of all
departments now under the Mayor," This
Is evidently an attempt to compromise
between the present system and the com
mission form, to separate legislative from
administrative functions. But in the other
meetings the committee will hold this
summer It will be well If the point is
strongly advanced that "legislation" In a
city Is a misnomer, being usually fused
with administration, for a city is not a
State-r-Jt Uj rather a corporation In which
the rulers aro a board of managers and
the citizens stockholders. There la much
to bs said far a board far smaller than
one of 21 members and for tho elimina
tion of the Inexpert and sectional Coun
cllmen. Under any system we would still have
the "practical men" who try to run the
city by clandestine methods; there Is no
salvation In any outward form of govern
ment But H Is well to keep In mind the
ameliorating features that obtain In a
stem that seems to have worked well
many cities In this country and abroad.
Tom Daly's Column
A JIEAT BTROKB.
The mercurv tcithin the class
Was tlzzMnO at mine ear.
The day was hot. Avt lv the mass,
Mv oriln was broiled and sere;
Mv tongue was like the silly grass
That Withered icsterjcar.
Dut I had work and here must stall
Though bones and gristle melt.
I longed to strip my flesh away,
And 1 am far from svelte
But why go ont 'Twos yesterday,
And you know how that felt I
Well, to mv den of toll thero came
A thing In human guise,
A creature whom I shall not name.
And laid before mine eyes
An ancient bill that, to my shame,
I oiocd for home supplies.
gaze upon that billet-doux,
I mark htm where ho sits.
Quick Anger's blood-congested hue
Across my features flits
I leap the space between us two
And slay him with my mitts I
Ayol come and take his corpse away,
But never mind his soul;
I know hat hat where that uHll stay
Until it pays the toll,
For bringing mo on such a day
My bill for last year's coal
Deutscliland's Deck Passengers
Wn NOMINATE for dock passengers
(chairs and rugs frco) on tho
Deutscliland's return trip;
Michael Francis Doylo
W. J. B.
Tho Athletics' Jinx
Colonel Bogle
General Carranza
Villa
" Humidity -
Gcorgo Sylvester Vlereck
P2RHAPS our gontlo readers might
caro to mako a few nominations 01
send "bum voyago" packages containing
such suttablo dainties as parsnips, N. Y.
Camambert cheese, brldo biscuits, bread
pudding (B. L. T. brand) and such like.
Mako hasto, please.
DEAR Tom You woro epeaklng the
other day about Albert Ross and his
bolng the Harold Bell Wright of tho early
80s. I maintain that I am tho Silas
Wcgg of 1916, Inasmuch as I am liable
to bust Into song, oven In tho prcsenco
of Mrs. Boflln, at tho slightest provoca
tion. Listen:
Things aro never so bad but they might
havo been worse.
And as Stevenson said in his excellent
verso:
"The world is so full of a number of
things
I'm sure wo should all be as happy as
kings."
And I am as lwppy as happy can be,
Thero is so much to do and there's so
much to see.
Yet sometimes in terror I wake in tho
night,
Saving dreamed of a novel by Harold
Bell Wright. TAB.
I. M. Daft reports this sign of a largo
contract on Gth street
WANTED GIRLS TO SEW BUTTONS
ON THE THIRD FLOOR.
ANEW contrlb., who signs himself
Big Bill, wants to know why wo don't
run a diary like F. P. A.'s In tho N. Y.
Tribune. Well, Big Bill, years ago when
wo flrst began writing Italian dialect
stuff and tho editors cocked up their cars
and bocamo Interested In us, Frank
Adams was tho watch-dog who barked at
every Imitator who tried to horn In on
our now lead; and well, you know how
It Is, Big Bill we're grateful, that's all.
Besides, wo couldn't do It as well.
CAIUIANZA TllOOrS SEIZE HEARST BANCII
Headline.
Ah! Now they'vo gono too far!
EVEN If an evening contemporary did
speak of us last night as "the Untied
States" we may contemplate with equa
nimity even tho worst that may eventuate
upon tho first Tuesday of November.
Meantime there's a tableful of books deal
Ing with the lives of the Presidents out
side Jerry Cullen's book storo on 9th
street, and over tho table, In Jerry's own
hand, the sign:
PRESIDENTS
25c
The Asst. Funeral Director's Holiday
Samuel Roas Van Allmnn, assistant to
Funeral Director T. B. McFarland, and
family of Spruce street are spending tho
week among friends at Holsnlger Cemetery.
Altoona paper.
Folk Out o' Focus
This pictured woe
You used to know.
Forgotten now,
sirs?
Can't you recall
Those pangs at
oil?
I'll tell you how,
sirs 1
Live o'er once
more
The day you wore
Your flrst long
trousers
Our Congrats to the Kaiser
ANTICIPATING your cablegram ask
A Ing how we think Captain Koenlg
performed his mission and also what
liquor would be most appropriate to drink
his health In, wo answer both queries (to
eavo expense) In one word:
AUSZEnORDENT-LICHER.
Our Own Quiz Department
ANSWERING QUESTION NO. S.
A new-born babe Is minus teeth.
And somewhat shy of 'hair;
To keep these charms as they appear
Requires endlesa care.
So. as we age and hear folks talk
Of lotions and consolers,
Our tongues are prone to creep about
Our swiftly passing molars.
If most of you will stop and think
You'll cease this foolish custom.
The teeth you wear are cheap, not rare,
So go ahead and bust 'em!
Mrs. C. Y. FRAZIER.
A 155 license fee. $7.50 water rent and
30 complimentary tickets hardly paid for
the damage done to Phoentxville streets by
(be h4vy waons of a circus.
-rCoJlertvul? (Pa,) lodspsa&eat
Goth! how old. some editors grow to bej
fUA
kSl
AN UNSOLVED MURDER MYSTERY
Unsigned Confessions Were Received by the Police in the Dr. V. H.
Wilson Case, but Man Who Sent Poisoned Ale
Was Never Apprehended
By JOHN ELFRETH WATKINS
"TT'S POISONED! Savo the bottlol'
X With this cry of terror Dr. William
II. Wilson, a Philadelphia physician, fell
Into a convulsion during which, a quarter
of an hour lator, ho died In great agony.
Doctor Wilson 'had beon enjoying a
very profltablo practice. On Tuesday,
Juno 23, 1908, ho received by express a
small wooden box containing a bottle of
ale, and accompanied by a letter type
written upon stationery bearing tho head
of a Philadelphia browing concern. Tho
letter requested tho physician to samplo
tho product and Inclosed a blank form
of testimonial for his signature. Doctor
Wilson put tho alo In his refrigerator and
went to his bungalow at Cornwells, Pa.,
where- ho was In tho habit of treating
some of his wealthiest suburban patients.
Returning homo on tho night of June 20
he looked about him for a cooling drink,
opened tho icebox, noticed tho alo and
poured out a glassful, which ho pro
ceeded to drink. But ho had no sooner
swallowed tho boverago than ho uttered
tho alarm quoted. Analysis disclosed
that tho ale had been saturated with
cyanide of potassium, a deadly poison,
now common In our criminal annals, but
very little known nt that time. The cork
of the bottle had been secured with red
wax, into which, at either side of tho
neck, had been Impressed a seal bearing
the letter S. Upon tho letterhead the
name of tho brewery firm was flanked
on either side by another largo S of a
different design. The letter explained
that the bottle was one of a number sent
to physicians and stated that tho brew
ers would appreclato tho doctor's signa
ture to tho Inclosed blank. There was
nothing about tho package, tl?o bottle or
tho letter to excite suspicion. Everything
was neatly prepared and bore evldenco
that hundreds of other such samples had
been sent out with Identical letters to
physicians.
The Mysterious Letter
The following day the Coroner received
a letter postmarked Bristol. Pa., signed
"An Injured Husband and Father," and
purporting to be from Doctor Wilson's
murderer. The alleged confession stated:
"This letter 13 true In every detail, and
It proves I am the person who attended
to this matter. I will tell you that the
ale contained cyanide of potassium and
there were two seals with tho letter capi
tal 8 on tho bottle."
Police and detectives left no stone un
turned In their search for the criminal.
The letterhead of the brewery Arm was
proved to be a forgery, and a Phlladel
phla printer, suspected of the crime, was
arreBted but succeeded fn proving his in
nocence. Tho authorities were at their
wits' end when there was received at the
Philadelphia office of the Associated Press
a note written on the same typewriter as
THE ANDEAN MONUMENT
The hlgh-splrlted and long-continued
friendship of Canada and the United States.
which, unenforced by armament and dspend-
ent upon no armies, has continued for oer
a century, may have a parallel Sn the lower
continent of this hemisphere. Like Canada
and the United States, Argentina and Chill
have a long boundary Like them, the two
countries had fears of warfare. .Like them,
they have solved their questions by ami
cable agreement. Fifteen years ago the
two countries were pn the brink of war
over a matter f some 80,000 square miles
of territory, A commission, sat on the
question, rendered decision and since then
disarmament has virtually occurred In both
republics. To symbolize the peace which
had been established, a statue has been
erected on the Andes. Its history follows:
The suggestion of Bishop Benavente as
to the erection of a statue of Christ at
Puente del Tnca was quickly carried Into
execution. As early as 1901, on the initia
tive of Senora de Costa, president of the
Christian Mothers' Association of Buenos
Aires, one of the largest women's organiza
tions In the world, the women of Buenos
Aires, who had already manifested the
deepest Interest in the new movement, un
dertook the task of securing funds aryl hav
ing a statue created The work was In
trusted to the young Argentina sculptor.
Mateo Alonso. When his design was com
pleted and accepted, the statue was cast at
tho arsenal of Bueuoa Aires from eld can
"AND YOU'RE NOT ORNAMENTAL, EITHER 1"
that which had produced tho letter to tho
Coroner. In this communication tho
alleged murderer offered to sell r. com
ploto confession of tho crltno and glvo
tho profits to tho C-year-old daughter of
Doctor Wilson. But tho detectives, nftor
futile efforts to trap him, camo to regard
this mysterious correspondent ns an In
nocent person who was hoaxing them.
A year after tho crlmo a newspaper
writer who had been active upon tho
case received in tho mall a long com-
municatlon signed, "Tho Executioner."
It stated:
"I am tho person who killed Dr. Wil
liam H. Wilson Just ono year ago today.
For purposes which you will later under
stand, I havo prepared an article upon
tho subject for which I wish an audience.
I snail take tho liberty of expressing you
a small box containing tho cntlro matter
and everything pertaining to It that I
have."
The Documents in the Case
The box was received. It contained tho
"confession," copies of letters used In
correspondence with Doctor Wilson's
widow, and certain articles which caused
a commotion at police headquarters. Ono
was a steel die marked with tho Initial
S and blaring a tag which stated, "Seal
used on .wo Impressions on wax scaling
bottlo at neck;" a typo Initial letter S of
38-poInt Ituyvesant, labeled, "Tho Initial
used on each side of tho letterhead of tho
decoy lotti r;" several lines of type, set up,
bound together nnd tagged, "Typo used
In prlntlni decoy return blank;" also a
small bit a' wood bearing tho Impiesslon
of a hamm-r. Concerning this last tho
alleged murlorer wrote: "I send you nn
Impression tf the same hammer with
which I nalbd tho box containing tho
poisoned ale. Tho wood Is of tho samo
used In the tox, this merely to prove
authenticity."
When these articles were compared
with those held In evidence by tho pollco
microscopic examination failed to show
any dtscrepanclis. Tho seal exactly fit
tho Impression u',-on tho wax, tho Initial
S in typo boro a nick reproduced upon
tho letterhead, and tho typo coincided
exactly with tha used upon tho decoy
testimonial; also, he wood boro hammer
prints of tho sar.io sUo as those upon
tho poison pack&g,
"Now this evetv closes for me a year
of extraordinary vents," wrote the al
leged murderer. "My grief has been
'more than words -an wield tho matter
a grief 'that mikes breath poor and
speech unable,'"
The Identity of he alleged murderer
was never dlscoverol, and the murder of
Doctor Wilson remains today a mystery
even blacker than It was at the moment
when he gasped out his dying breath.
(Coturliht.)
non taken from the ancient fortress outside
of the city.
Tho base of the status Is In granite. On
this Is a granite sphers weighing some 14
tons, on which the outlines of the world
aro sketched, renting upon a granite col
umn 22 feet high. The figure of Christ
above. In bronze, Is 2G feet In height The
cross supported In Hif left hand is five
feet higher. The r'ghl hand is stretched
out in blessing. On tie granite base aro
two bronze tablets, on of them given by
the Worklngmen's Unlcn of Buenos Aires,
the other by the Wording Women. One
of them gles the record of the creation
and erection ot the stttue; on the other
are Inscribed the words;
"Sooner shall these qiountalns crumble
Into dust than Argentines and Chilians
break the peace to whlct they have pledged
themsahes at the feet 'of Christ the Jte
deemer." OR BAGDAD NOW!
The chances are that Bgdad, even In the
days of the caliphs anil Aladdjn and All
Baba and the rest of them, was a dull
town as compared wth wlat Buffalo is Just
now Buffalo Courier,
OMAHA'S TROUBLES
Railroad rate discrimination against Oma
ha' must not be tamely tolerated Omaha
is entitled to treatment from every railroad
equal p that accorded the most favored
city, Omaha Bee.
What Do You Know?
Oucrlts o central Interest will It answered
in this column. Ten Questions, Ins answers to
u.Atct every uell-tnormed tenon should knaw,
are atked dally.
QUIZ
3. lVIint Is thn purpnso of the opposition to tho
leadership ot the (termini Chancellor?
2. Explain the term "OrniiEcmrn."
3. Alnt event Is celebrated on July H?
4. Wlint Is the prlco ot ens to consumers In
Philadelphia?
0, It lint Is meant by a "nomloln," In railroad
inrlnncc?
0. Ulrnt Is mennt by "relitlro humidity"?
7. Mho wrote "The Illilno Comedy"?
8. In "lint famous tnles does the story of Alad
din nnil his innitlo lamp occur?
0. H'hat Is mennt by "nilllnsscnto"?
10. Hliat Is meant by "lsolatlnc" a ccrm?
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
1. The "nltrntes" Hint iiro bo frequently men
tioned In the nous at this time nro chtetly
used for explosives nnd fertilizers.
S. The Contention Hall Is to stand nt Slst
street and the Parknay.
3. ".Moonshiners": men who Illicitly distil
uhlnliy.
4. The snsh of n window Is that part nhlcli
motes up nnd dann In tho irroaics.
5. Proof spirit t n mixture of equal parts (by
nelcht) ot alcohol nnd water. Utien It
hns more alcohol than inter It Is "over
proof"! when less, "under proof."
0. A prlinn fncle ruse Is one which without
minute examination teems plausible und
correct
7. To, mask n fleet Is to lock It un so that
It cannot put to sea.
8. Tho "Iron lluko"! The treat Duke of YVell-
Incton.
0. No (lerman Emperor has officially visited
1 ranee slnco tho Prnncn-Prusstun War.
but It Is understood that the Kaiser made
setrrul Incognito trips to Purls before the
fircsent war broke nut. Hlnee the war he
ins seternl times visited German bend
quarters In Prune.
10. John Ktirlejeorn: a personification of mall
liquor.
Monuments in the Park
.Editor of "What Do You Know" Please
Clvo a list of somo monuments nnd monu
mental features In Falrmount Park.
P. B.
Tho Washington group, Green street en
trance; Lincoln Monument, Lemon mil;
Morton McMlchncl, Lemon Hill; Robert
Burns group. East Itlver Drive near boat
houses; Garfield, East River Drlvo below
GIraril avenue; Joan of Arc, east end of
Otrnrd ntenue bridge; Grant equestrian
monument, Ea.t River Drlvo above Glrard
avenue bridge; John Welsh memorial, on
rtta ot the main building ot the Centennial
Exhibition; Civil War memorial, Centennial
Concourse; Anthony Drexcl, Lanffdowno
Drlvo; General Menda equestrian monu
ment, Lansdowno Drhc; Soldier of the Civil
War, near George's Hill, Catholic foun
tain, west of Belmont Drive, Columbus
atntue, Belmont Drive; "Religious Liberty,"
Horticultural Hall; German monuments,
Horticultural Hall ; 88th Regiment, Penn
syUanla Volunteers, camp site, Falls of
Schuylkill.
Age of Animals
Editor of "What Do You Know" Can
you recall for mo an old verse which com
pares the ages of animals; something about
three times tho age of a dog is that of a
horse? M. IC
You probably refer to tho old Celtic
rhyme, which, In modern English, is as
fallows:
Thrice th ago of a dog Is that of a horse;
Thrice tho ago of a horse is that of a man ;
Thrice the age of a man is that of a deer;
Thrice the age of a deer Is that of an eagle.
Agony Column
G. F C. By the "agony column" Is
meant that part ot a newspaper containing
advertisements for missing relatives and
friends, appeals for reconciliations, etc.
African States
R. R. The Union of South Africa Is com
posed of the Cape Province, Natal, Trans
vaal and Orange Free State.
The Bourgeoisie
Editor of "What Do You Know" Will
you please tell ma what bourgeois and bou
geolsia mean? Can such terms be applied
to the proletariat? R. T,
They cannot be applied to what Is some
times called the proletariat. The terms can
hardly be applied to any class In America,
and the application of them to all persons
who are not ot gentle manners Is absurd.
The bourgeoisie In Franco meant the mer
chants, manufacturers and master-tradesmen:
In England the term. Is some'lmes ap
plied to the great middle class. When thi
word bourgeois Is used by Socialist and
Anarchist writers and speakers In this coun
try it is usually contemptuously descriptive
of wealthy men's conservatism against
which the proletariat is supposed to be pro
testing "Bourgeois ideas" are, according
to the usage of (he best authors, ideas of
utilitarianism, involving ignorant suspicions
of the arts and Puritanism.
New York City to Buffalo
Editor o "What Do You Know" Can
you tell me If there is a possible way that
I can go from New York city to Buffalo by
trolley line? If there is such a line, kindly
tell me how and where I can start from.
J P
There Is no direct tins from New York
city to Buffalo. Most of the distance i
covered, but thero are breaks. It would be
necessary to B to Yoakers for a start.
RUINED SEERS
OF BANKRUPTCY
Prophets of Evil Times Havo
Turned Out Evil Prophets
of the World's
Decline
Gilbert K. Chestorton, tho English
writer, onco wroto that tho favorite In
door and outdoor sport of tho world was
"fooling tho prophot3." The game Is
childishly elmplo nnd Is played by two
characters humanity nnd tho prophots.
Tho human race sits lillo whllo the
prophets foretell what tho world Is going
to do.- Then humanity goes and does tho
exact opposlto. It Is very exhilarating
nnd can bo recommended for every occa
sion, from a surprlso party (which It
really Is) to a church sociable.
The Inner Joko of tho game Is that
thero aro always two sots of prophets,
defining diametrically opposlto plans, so
that tho world really has to follow ono
of them, or both of them part way. Ono
thinks of this in connccolon with prophe
cies of what Is coming after tho war
Tho nblest of English economists, Fran
els W. Hirst, whoso analyses and predic
tions havo dellghtod readers of th
Evcnino LRDfiEH theso many months,
has Just resigned as editor of tho London
Economist, nnd In a sort of valedictory
has forotold disaster and ruin for Europe
If tho war docs not soon end. Tho great
nations, ho fears, will bo bankrupt, Whllo
It Is truo that others liavo held tho oppo
slto view, Mr. Hirst's background do
servos study. Ho Is an economist, nnd ho
is appalled by tho terrible figure of Eng
land's debt. At tho end of this year, at
tho present rate, England's national debt
will amount to $13,000,000,000, and besides
theso thirteen thoro will ho four moro
billions which havo been lent to her Al
lies. It is useless to try to understand
theso figures. Let us tako them for
grnnted.
It is a llttlo too easy to say that this
war Is so unprecedented In magnitude)
that comparisons nro ridiculous. Let
thoso who feel this consult a most en
gaging chapter in Macaulny's "History of
England," from which tho following is
summarized:
Tho national debt, says Macaulay, has
becomo tho greatest prodigy that ovor
perplexed tho sagacity nnd confounded
tho prldo of statesmen and philosophers.
When tho Pcaco of Utrecht was con
cluded In 1713 England owod $200,000,000,
about IC per cent, of its present dobt, and
thnt lncumbranco was considered by pro
found thinkers as a permanent crippling
of tho body politic. Unhappily for thorn,
England prospered. At, 400 million tho
caso was pronounced desperate. Aftor
tho wars under tho elder Pitt, with a
debt of 700 million dollars, David Hume
declared that England's madness had ex
ceeded tho madness of tho Crusaders.
It was all over. Better to havo been con
quered by Prussia and Austria, ho cried,
than to bo saddled with such an enormity
of debt. Macaulay thon mentions Adam
Smith, whoso exact words nro worth In
serting hero. "Tho progress of tho enor
mous debts which at present oppress and
will In tho long run probably ruin all tho
great nations of Europe has been protty
uniform." For a hundred years that
prediction has bcon as antlquatod as the
long "s's" UEcd in its printing.
In 1798, says another historian, the
"atnggoring burdon" of a two-bllllon-dollar
debt was tho determining factor In
pcaco negotiations. Earlier, Gcorgo
Grenvllle tried to relievo England's debt
by putting a part of It on tho American
Colonics, causing a war which rolled up
tho Indebtedness still higher. After the
Napoleonic wars England was dono for
ever her finest statesmen nnd econo
mists wore suro of it, for England owod
over four billion dollars. Yet h? tho next
century England prospered beyond all
earthly expectation. A sum exceeding
tho cntlro dobt nt tho end of tho A"ierl"
can wars was willingly expended oJ In
ternal Improvement and taxation actually
became lighter. Mentioning these things,
Macaulay Indicates that thero Is a dif
ference between personal dobt and what
a society owes In great part to itself.
Ho ends with thl3 extraordinary
prophecy:
A long experience Justifies us In be
lieving that England may. In tho twen
tieth century, be better able to bear a
debt of 4,600,000,000 than she Is at the
present time to benr her present load.
But, be this as It may, thoso who so
confidently predicted that she must
sink, first under a dobt of SO millions,
then under a debt of 80 millions, then
under a debt of 140 millions, then un
der a debt ot 240 millions, and laBtly
under a debt of 800 millions, were be
yond doubt, under a twofold mistake.
They greatly overrated tho pressure of
the burden; they greatly underrated
tho strength by which the burden was
to be borne.
A hundred Instances might be men.
tloned for every one referred to above.
and the depths of decline, the demnitlon
bow-wows predicted would make amusing
reading. But there Is meat for a long
meal of thought In Macaulny's last words.
It may be that we do not overrate th
burden of the present time when we add
In Germany's debt, and France's, and that
of all the other unhappy belligerents.
All that monoy has gone Into destruction,
Nothing has been made, nothing built, by
a sum too powerful for mortal Imagina
tion. Money has, indeed, gone trjto circu
lation. Certain classes havo become won
derfully rich and a new creditor nation,
the United States, has come to share with
England. It may be that the bankruptcy
now predicted may not come for a hun
dred years. It may be that the burden
of taxation will prove too heavy to be
borne. But between Macaulay and Hirst
one of the two prophets must be fooled.
It Is In the second part of Macaulay'a
phrase that hope for the world really lies.
The strength by which the burdens of the
world have been borne Is only a feeble
promise of the strength which the world
can develop. It Is a pity, to bo Buro, that
it should be for war and destruction, not
for happiness and creation, that tho world
should pay Its heaviest debt. But out of
chaos creation may come. And the world
can still square Its shoulders of faith to
pay the debt. What has been destroyed
is material made by man's hands. And
man's hands have not lost the cunning
to mako their work over again. In two
years France Paid an itidemnltv or .
billion dollars and flourishcit The world
has only to pay an Indemnsy to the god
of war, an indemnity for ti-ing defeated
by hot passions and uncontrollable de
sires. It, too, has a chanceof survival.
a v. o,
I
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