SSSl
Rl'' . t 54"2
-. t;
u
a
EVENING LEDGER PHILADELPHIA, TITORSDAT, JULY 6, 1916.
i
l
rfttSs""
WJBLtC LEDGER COMPANY
ctnua n. k. ctjutib, pssnKrr,
Ch,tie It. Ludlngton, Vks Pwuldentt John
C. Martin, Secretary nd Treaeurert Thillp B.
Collins. John B. Williams, Director.
k EDironiAii so Ann i
Crit8 II. K. CciTta, Chairman.
ft K. WHALEY....... ..,,,.... ........Editor
1 -i
ITOHK 0. MAHTIM. . General Business Hanarer
" -
V Ptrbltahed dally t rostra Lraota Bnllfllnf,
' Independence, Square, Philadelphia,
Lmtan CatTaiL..,, Breed and Chestnut 8treets
Ahjktto Cin. rra-rnton Diilldlnr
Nrr To..... .,..,. ,,"500 Metropolitan Tower
ErrKort., ...... ......82(1 ford Bultdlnir
. Tyjpra. ,,,..,. 409 Ote6f-Cfral Sulldlnr
CBI0100.. ..... ......,, .JSOS Trlmw Bulldlnr
NEWS BUllBAUSt
jTAasrsoToif DnBio.. ..nlrra Bulldlne;
New Toas nnaiD.........Th Times nulldlnc
ihnats BrtD...,, ...... ..00 Frledrichatraase
tOHDO Bono........ Marconi House, Strand
Pius Buaxic..,, ..,... 83 ta lula ie Grand
l. SOBSCntTTION TEHMS
Br entrler, eix centa per wee. Br mall,
poetpntd ostatde of Philadelphia, except where
lerelxn poatage Is required, one month, twenty
fire centa; on year, three dollar. All malt
sabscrlrAlona parable In adranoe,
I Nottcb Subscribers wlshlnr addreaa chanced
Sinst 1t old aa well aa raw addreaa.
4000 WALHUT KETSTOME, MAIN J0
T Address at communication to Evening
jjedair, Indepvndenas Stuart, Philadelphia.
Iterrojra at ina rnrt.XDct.rnu rosnrnca m
reono-duii Mi.11. unu
KjrnB AVEitAOB net vmu UA1L.T can.
JTUUVriON OB TUB EVKNETO LEDOEIl
VOIX MAT was ua.on
ThOadelpfils, Thanisj, Jolj , MM,
J7i loss of wealth o of irf(
U eages in all timet assert f
JCfi happy man' without a thtrt.
JohnHeytoood.
I
f ' Btarvo tho flyt
ffi" f
Scran ton la not In so gTeat danger
ftffcollapso as Is tho Democratic party.
Kaiser May Visit West Front Boons
jpteaculne,
Ifaxowoll -visit or dinner can?
I
A lot of canned goods will havo to
E-to tho border to food tho guardsmen,
t so far tho contents of tho packed
ichea havo beon canned guardsmen.
"Put not your trust in prlncos" la
fr provorb that Berlin has not learned.
tThe Crown Prlncos of Prussia, and Bava
ria aro In command of the two armies
that aro taking tho brunt of tho Allied
attack.
Comparison of President 'Wilson's
remark that ho never feared a noisy man
and Candldato Hughes' approval of quiet
men makes us bellevo that tho two would
bo rather good friends If they did not
havo to bo enemies.
"If one will throw his personal for
tuno to the winds," said Mr. Hughes, "wo
will soon havo those victories of democ
racy which will mako July 4 a far finer
and nobler day." Tho candldato has set
tho example himself at every crisis of
Ills career by throwing his personal for
tune and Inclinations to tho winds.
Thero Is one gleam of consolation
In tho dopresslngly largo numbor of
guardsmen who have failed to meet the
physical requirements, and that Is that
the requirements aro higher than they
were a generation ago. Certainly there
yma llttlo worry about tho fitness of Civil
.War recruits. It Is better to havo a high
ideal that Is not realized than no Ideal.
Six million dollara for Investment
,fe-Chlna Is o. comparatively trivial sum.
pat tho freedom with which It has been
given suggests that American dealings
yAth other foreign countries aro superior
in manner to tho dealings with Mexico.
jfTtvnto Investment for private gain has
Jwen abundant in Mexico, but what tho
pountry needs la Investment In Mexico's
wn behalf. Sober students of Mexican
affairs insist that there will be no peace
tuid no prosperity until the ngrarlan dif
ficulties are solved, and tho solution
jneans more than restoring the peon to
hlo bit of land. It Involves money for
ffllage and money to carry on until the
Ipxops show a favorable balance. That
jnoney. coming', from tho United States,
would not only be on instance of our
IfOcSWlU, but would eliminate the most
dangerous factor In Mexican Internal poli
tics. In the end the bread cast upon the
jEUo a rondo would return many-fold.
Tho Pennsylvania law allows the
presidential candidate to pass on the per
sonnel of the electors, so Mr. Hughes, If
iio chooses, can make a violent declara
tion of favor In the controversy between
Senator Penrose and Governor Brum
fcaush. Representatives of both factions
have consulted with Mr, Hughes and
peace overtures are again In the air. To
Pennsylvania, as a State, It matters very
Uttla who casts the Republican votes.
Tha matter la purely between the politi
cians. And as Mr. Hughes has Bhown
himself extraordinarily skilful in keeping
out of entangling alliances with that
class. It is not to be expected that his
word will come to decide the local con
troversy. In many ways, however, it
would be a good thing for the Republican
party In this Stato if Pennsylvania were
"doubtful Instead of sure. Then the ne
cessity of harmony, not the mere name of
it, might impress itself more firmly upon
the leaders of a willing- Commonwealth.
Heckling the President at inoppor
tune moments and badgerlngMr. Hughes
wiU get the suffrage movement very little
farther on Its way. Neither will threats
ot disaster eerva the suffragists any more
than such threats have served other par
tisans, like the latter, the new suffrage
tactics are sporadic manifestations quite
apart from tho One serenity with which
tha campaign has generally been pushed.
It vaa, in fact, the quiet earnestnesa
of the American suffragists and their
courteous observation of tha proprieties
whloh won for tbem a golden repute in
iwupariiion with the brassy notoriety of
tb SlagUeh movement several years ago.
39 England the subsidence of the militant
Miffragiats and their fine devotion to the
C4Ue of tha country have placed them on
a the srwTT WghMt around, an4 tht exten
4o of Wis b&HM tq wouxto after the
rr It smim tia reaWe. 'X'hu suifra
2M ho, Ik thair oflWal prououuee-
mania and their corporate activities, have
done nothing; to countenance bad man
ners or Impudent dealings. 'It would be
ft vast pity If the long course ot praise
worthy efforts should be vitiated by Ir
responsible outbreaks.
CARRANZA CONCILIATORY
THE Carranza note Is primarily a
triumph, whether conclusive or not, for
the South American nations nnd diplo
mats, who In this crisis havo given a new
meaning to Pan-Amerlcantsm and have
vindicated the statesmanship of this hemi
sphere of republics. It is secondarily a
recognition of the broad spirit pf pacifism
In Its highest sense, a pacifism which Is
not poltroonery, but ft sincere devotion to
tho arts of peace as opposed to the thun
dorous nnarchy of war.
The absolute grants, claims or demands
of the note aro of relatively small Impor
tance In comparison with the spirit of the
Instrument as n whole. It Is obvious that
the Carranzn Government Is not spoiling
for a fight, Tho truculent nttltude Is
gono. In Its place Is the recognition that
the United States Is reasonable In object
ing to tho Insecurity ot Its frontier. This
implies a roadlness to correct the dlfn
culty, and a specific proposal for the
establishment of cantonments Is made.
Cnrrnnz. on tha other hand, continues to
'insist that the withdrawal of American
troops from Mexican territory is essential
If tho continuance of friendly relations la
reasonably to bo anticipated.
Washington Is not dealing with a pow
erful nation which is fully competent to
make good Its promises. Carranza him-
solf is not securo. When rebellion has
flowed through a land It requires ttma
to restoro peaco and good order. For
ton years after tho Civil War there was
commotion and turmoil in the South.
While, therefore, there has been an nctual
Btnto of war existing along tho frontier,
and whtlo thoro havo beon abundant rea
sons for Bending our armies Into Mexico,
It may woll be tho flno thing for us to
recognize tho Incapacity of tho Carranza
Government, within limits, and not expect
from It mora than It Is physically able
to porform.
But such concession on our part cannot
take tho form of acqulesconco In tho
Insecurity of tho border. Indeed, our solo
purposo has been to aid Carranza In the
ro-ostabllshmont of normal conditions
along tho Rio Grande, and recent diffi
culties wcro duo almost entirely to tho
conviction of this Government that Car
ranza was not sincere In his efforts to
provont border raids. "We can ossumo
that Washington has no deslro to keep
tho expeditionary force In Mexican ter
ritory uselessly, evidence of n real pur
poso on tho part of Carranza to protect
tho frontlor would be welcomed. Ho can
not reasonably expect tho United States,
however, to maintain at enormous cost a
great army to guard more than a thou
sand miles of frontier whllo his own Gov
ernment is negligent in the performance
of Its sovereign duties.
Carranza doo3 not want to fight; neither
do we. Only a fool Is crazy for a scrap.
Thero must bo a way out. Tho concilia
tory tone of tho Mexican noto appears to
offer tho opportunity. Wo doubt If It
will tako the form of mediation by other
Powers. Tho national dignity would bo
better served by direct negotiations. "What
Is noeded Is a specific and certain agree
ment for tho common protection of tho
frontlor. With that accomplished, tho
expeditionary force would not longer bo
required.
Thoro Is a question broader, howevor,
than the Immediate relations between the
two Governments, and It relates to tho
larger Interests of humanity. Tho con
servation of natural resources Is noj, moro
Important than the use of natural re
sources, and the Interests of humanity
as a wholo cannot permit the Isolation of
Mexican territory. When a people havo
demonBtrated their inability to maintain
a government, they must expect foreign
Interference. Mexico owes law and order
not only to her own people, but to all tho
other peoples of the world. A nation, no
more than an Individual, has a right to bo
a common nuisance.
The situation is still up to Carranza.
His present attitude makes It possible for
the United States to givo him another
chance to make good. Ho can evade war
and ho can rehabilitate his country by
concentrating his efforts on tho elimina
tion of the lawless and the establishment
of security for both life and property
within Mexico and along tho border. Thai
done, ho will find no sturdier friend than
tho United States, which Is ready not only
to lend its moral support to tho upbuild
ing of government In Mexico, but Is also
actually prepared to contribute large
sums of money to the restoration of In
dustry and tho promotion of enterprise.
Our neighbor has been a financial nnd
moral bankrupt, but the "Big Brother" ot
the continent is willing to forgive much
In return for a new motive and a new pur
poso on the neighbor's part. But the
motive will have to be translated into
achievement to be convincing.
GERMANY ON DEFENSIVE
ASIDB from the immediate tangible
successes of tha Allied drives on
three fronts Anglo-French, Russian and
Italian the most significant feature that
has developed thus far la the absence
of an effective German counter-offensive.
When the Russians began their powerful
drive, Berlin confidently expected' such
a stinging answer from von Hlndenburg
as would call a halt on the operations
farther south. But von Hlndenburg, in
stead of attacking, is himself attacked,
apparently, and the Cossacks, so far
from being halted, are reported to have
crossed the' Carpathians with the plain
of Hungary fearful before their menace.
It was to be expected that the German
counter-attack would develop in a re
newed ferocity at Verdun, but what at
tacks have been made there in the last
week have for the most part been re
pulsed, and now comes the surprising
statement from the British that German
troops that were known to have been at
Verdun havo been found among the
prisoners north of the Bomme. Certainly
any great withdrawal of troops from
Verdun would mean the end of the Crown
Prince's hopes of reducing that fortress.
In the past the only sure way of meet
fag; an offensive was by a counter-offensive.
The great question now Is
whether tbs Germans, outnumbered a
they are. can spare forces from any tes
ter to produce anything more than mar
defansire action.
Tom Daly's Column
THE WAR BRIDE
Jack's pone off to the tear,
And I'm afratdl
(Jack and I've lecn frtendt
Bince tea were kids,
But ice put off oetUno married
Till tho call came.)
I'm afraid,
Not of Jack deserting,
Bneakina lack in the night
Hot of Jack dying,
IVountfod nnd thirstv,
Lying on the hot, yellow tands
And me alone I
But I'm afraid
Of the Jack that's coming home,
Back from tho camps of tho armVi
Back from'the tear and the pestilence,
Back from Mexico
Born- again in the passion of hate,
Baptized tcith blood,
Knotting hunger and hardship,
Rapine and lust,
And the dustu face of Death
Mv Jack I
Qod, strike him and wound him,
So that he'll come back
Needing mtt level
CASA WAPPY.
THE man who professes to believe that
baseball doesn't mako for the educa
tion of the mnsscs should havo beon In
our composing room tho other day to
ovorhcar this talk:
"Sayl (It's tho easy mark who 1b speak
ing tho fellow who as a 'prentice was
sent for a left-handed chase or a bucket
of steam nnd has never outgrown It) ain't
Fourth o' July a national holiday all
over?" "Why no, you poor slmpl (this Is
tho chief kldder talking now) I thought
you know Bomothlng about history,"
"That's right; I remember now, some
places they don't koep It. But up In
Boston they do." "Why, no; that's tho
most un-Fourth o July place In tho wholo
country." "Zat bo? But, Bay look hero!
If It ain't a national holiday In Boston
how Is It tho Phillies Is go In to play two
games thero?"
One of Those Stories
It was About thla time thnt ahe wna mnrrled
to Edward Henry Orein. A typical otory Is told
of their marriage. The tale gova thnt nn a
Saint Valentino's day Mr. Qreen bouRht a Valen
tino decorated with a tfoAe, several hearts and
an approprlite motto, and put It Into an en
nlopq for Miss Hetile. But by mistake he
addressed nnd mailed tho wrong envelope nnd
the next mornlnfr Miss Ilettle recehed a re
ceipted tailor's bill for a cry cheap suit of
clothes The marriage followed soon afterward,
N. V. Sun.
SO? And to whom would the verdant
Mr. Green bo having occasion to mall
a receipted tailor's bill?
Mrs. Ilnncoclt Is head of the Philadelphia
League for Advertising Women. Newa Note.
AS IF they needed Itl Hal an Idea. Pos
. slbly this Is the agency that puts
across nil those girl cover designs on tho
magazines.
IvOST AND FOUND
Betnll grocery doing $300 a wek lower part
ot Uermantawn: stork, good will nnd fixtures,
etc. A Dear Morning OontcraDorarj.
Don't you think the amount of reward
tho owner would be billing to pay for tha
return of a good thing llko this might well
have been Included In tho ad? Or perhaps
it's the honest finder who Inserted the ad.
What d'ye think? Madhouse.
SOMEBODY recently called attention to
the fact that Lincoln didn't say any
thing for or against swapping a donkey
for a horso when crossing a stream;
but whnt wo started to say was, that
If the donkey should bo retained our
own dear paper will havo hnd something
to do with It. Tho Democratic National
Committee Is distributing hundreds of
copies of our own KrlcghofTs splendid
full page drawing of W. W. which graced
the back page of this paper the day after
his nomination.
By the same token M. C. D writes to us
from Watcrbury, Conn : 'There Is a per
sistent rumor here that one Chauncey De
pew will be on the stump In this campaign.
It's origin may be purely bucolic. The
chestnut trees here are riotously In bloom "
Folic Out o' Focus
Havo pltyl don't shoot!
This queer-look
ing bruto
Is not a plug
ugly Just off
on a tootl
Get on to the
mitts!
Of all the mis
fits! And Isn't the
open-face shirt
front n beaut?
What? Who Is
It? Who?
Why, man, It Is
you !
It's you as you felt In your first full
dress suit.
OMAHA, Neb.. July 8. After five day a'
wreatllng, the bout between Joe Stecher and Ed
(htrangler) l.awla aa called a draw by the
referee hero laat njght. Lamped on the Sport
Page.
And some one rises anonymously to in
quire it the promoters of the bout paid
the spectators' board.
"T8 IT only lawyers who experience
JL real 'cullud stories'?" Inquires Jessup,
"Attorney Francis F. Burch has one to
match thnt one of Furman Willis'. Mr.
Burch, who Is a Virginian, tells of a
servant in his mother's house who had
a literary appetite. He found her in
the .kitchen one day absorbed in a story
paper. "Who writes the best stories' there,
Mandy7" he asked. "Well, suh," she
Bald, "I ain't been a proscriber very long,
but fo" me I sho' am partial to dem
dat's signed Tobe Continued.'"
.HUGHES TO AID
ANTHONY 031 Lli
9 Newa Head.
WELL, welll Poor old Bill! Those pf
you who remember the Maine may
also remember the marine sentry who
calmly reported to Captain SIgsbee; "The
ship Is eldklng, sir," Time they thought
of him.
CONTEMPORARY VERSE for July, a
casual glance prompts us to say, has
in it nothing better than O. R. Howard
Thomson's sonnet sequence, "The Mod,
era Comedy." He takes many pleasant
liberties with the metrical form, but they
make for good music. We raise a holler,
however, against bis accenting "horizon"
on the first syllable and we really ought
to "bar" the lait rhyme in this citation:
God made the rose
To gladden man' why should we stick a
knife I
Into its heart t) question how it blows?
DW Jlamlet prt more, than pUtT Bah '.
Bath iivea arjsfuoa oeoeata toe & poie-
m nL
ur,
"GREATLY IMPROVED, SENORITA; WILL IT LAST?"
v fy jjrqtiFaataaggiB-J3i0yv 1 thv itfwiftd '3ytiLtfBLivflejBa'ftKA
THE VOICE OF THE PEOPLE
A Protest Against Interference With Free Speech on the City Hall
Plaza The National Guard Defended In
Praise of Roosevelt
This Department in free to all reader who
wish to express ficlr opinions on subjects of
current interest. It is an open forum, and the
Kvcntno Ledaer assumes no responsibility for
tha tfru's of its correspondents,
FREE SPEECH
To tht Editor of Evening I,ctlnrr:
Sir In attempting to cupprcsi free
spooch on City Hn.ll plazas the present ad
ministration has made a false and danger
ous moe. Tho spectnelo of a peaceful as
semblage of citizens roughly broken up, nnd
a speaker conducting himself In nn abso
lutely legal, peaceful and respectable man
ner, getting "rushed" nnd "lifted" by tho
police la not ono thnt will plenso citizens
that respect their city as the blrthplnco
of liberty. To see tho pollco act as dis
turbers of peaco and order breeds disrespect
for tho lnw. No enemy of Mayor Smith's
could possibly devlso n better method of
discrediting tho present administration.
Our constitutional rights are too encieJ to
bo trifled with. This country has mado too
many bloody sacrifices to secure nnd pre
serve them to allow olllclals, whose only
possible excuse can be Ignorance, to abro
gate them. JOHN W. DIX
Philadelphia, July 4.
THE LIGHT THAT FAILED
To the Editor of evening Ledger:
Sir Our country has realized that wo
need trained men. nnd it Is her prime object
In calling out tho National Guard of the
tarlous States. It Is not a question of
whether or not they proceed beyond the
border, but that they may bo trained for
the emergency which at any time may arise.
Tho National Guard Is far below tho
standard of tho regular nrmy, but pray
tell mo how we are over going to make them
qualified for service If they do not get any
practical experience. They havo been on
exhibition for a good many years, and this
Is tho time when they shall profit by tho I
reality.
Lord Kitchener found how long It took
to train soldiers. Can we not profit by
his experience? The longer we remain un
trained, that much more time will bo re
quired to develop U3 Into the standard army
men.
This Is a day of "weasel words" and
lofty expression, and It appears to me that
Bhould the gentleman from Qlenslde, whose
letter you printed, possess enough Impulsive
action, combined with a 16th part sclf
nbnegatlon, he would recover from becom
ing nationally hypochondriac till the war
In Mexico Is suppressed nnd then becomo
a member of tha N. O. P.
W. II. WILLIAMSON.
Narberth. Pa, July i.
ROOSEVELT'S GREATNESS
To the Editor of Evening Ledger:
Sir Now that Colonel Roosevelt, feeling
confident thnt to again head tho Progres
sive party ticket could have no other re
suit than the re-election of President Wil
son, and earnestly believing It to be (o the
best Interests of his country to aid In the
election of Mr. Hughes, has pledged him
his support and urges all Progressives to
do the same, many adherents of the Demo
cratic party and a few others are evidently
searching the dictionary to find words In
which to express their opinion of him,
Now. while I have alwas felt that Sir.
Roosevelt made a great mistake In 1912 In
leaving the Republican party, yet. on the
other hand, that he was the choice of by
far the greater portion of the party was
abundantly proven by the large and un
precedented vote he polled as the candi
date of a third part. That ha Is still tha
Idol of a very large portion of the Ameri
can people was evidenced by the remark
able demonstration gUen him at the recent
Chicago convention. And although prob
ably not one of his most enthusiastic ad
mirers, I am not one of those who feels so
confident that If Roosevelt had been Presi
dent instead of Wilson this country would
long since have been plunged Into war.
THE FLIES HASTENED IT
If the slogan, "Swat the fly," had been
heard In Philadelphia In 1776 and If the
people had obeyed the prudent Injunction,
the Declaration of Independence might have
been a very different document Not far
from what we now call Independence Hall,
but what the revolutionary fathers called
the State House, was a llrery stable. Piles
bred there, even as they breed in stables
now, and no one bad then dreamed that
the manure pits should be screened in the
interest of public health. The day on which
the Declaration was adopted was hot The
windows ot the hall were open to let In
whatever lr there was stirring The files
came In also. The statesmen wore thin silk
blockings and knee breeches jmd the flies
fousd their fat calves attractive. Jefferson
himself Is responsible for the statement
that every on was anxious to get away as
quickly as possible in order to eocape the
163, so tha Declaration was odeptsd as
Iff ml WwS
On tho contrary, I firmly bellevo that with
him ns President our troubles with Mexico
would long ero this havo been a thing of
the pnst nnd that penca among tho warring
tuitions of Europe would bo nearer In sight
thnn It Is. and yet without our country
being Involved In war In either case
That Theodore Rooie'elt Is a man of n
most remarkable personality Is not to bo
denied, nnd that his hold and Influence upon
tho hearts of not only the American peo
ple, but of tho world at large has probably
nevor been nurpassed. If Indeed equaled: ex
cept" In a very fow Instances. Such being
the caie, his nld In any worthy cause Is
not to be despised. And so without neces
sarily giving our unqualified Indorsement
to nil he hns said and done In the past or
thnt ho may et say and do In tho future,
let us give him honor where honor Is duo.
.K. 11. WHITNER
Allentown, Pa., July 1.
THE RIGHT TO TALK
To thoi Editor of Evening Ledger:
Sir The rights of peaceful assembly and
free speech nro precious heritages of our
country which wo must preserve at any
cost. Nullification of theso great funda
mental American rights is the most danger
ous form of law-breaking.
Defomo of these rights ought not to bo
left with any particular organization or set
of men, because the matter Is too great and
Importnnt.
This Is something on which every patriotic
citizen and patriotic society can meet on
common ground. It Is perfectly clear that
If meetings can be stopped on City Hall
plaza, that means tho end of freo speech
In Philadelphia, because then they can
bo stopped anywhere.
Besides, how could tho plaza, as public
property, bo better employed than when
it Is used by citizens to discuss public
questions I y. j. OSBORNE.
Philadelphia. July 3.
HELP THE CHILDREN
To tha Editor of Evening Ledger:
Sir Noticing an appeal In your columns
for tho Country Week Association, I nm
enclosing a check for the cause. Would it
not bo a good idea to state promptly In your
paper where Buch contributions should be
sent and in whose faor checks should be
written? I am sure there must be many
who are only too willing to nld the cause,
but who, like me, are not quite sure how
to go about It.
M. ELOISC SCHUYLER
Center Hall, Pa. July 3.
Although the Evening LnDonn Is not
In tho habit of acting as treasurer for be
nevolent associations. It will be glad to for
ward to the Country Week Association any
money sent to It by those who wish to
assist tha Boclety in Its work of taking
children from the heat of the city to the
green fields and fresh air of the country.
Editor of the Evening Ledoeb.J
NO DANGER OF WAR
To the Editor of Evening Ledger:
Sir As a reader of the Evenino Ledoeh
I would like to answer tho question that was
asked In Saturday's Quiz as to why the
Petrollte ship Incident Is before the publlo
so much ofIate. The Administration In
Washington, D C. will not bring before
the puhllo anything that they would like
to pigeonhole, nut owing to the fact that
the Standard Oil Company owns the Petrol,
Ite It has brought to bear upon the Admin
istration the necessity of action. But don't
worry about the United States going to war
with Austria through that Incident, Pres
ident Wilson Is only bluffing in his notes,
the same as lie has always done. Some
time ago President Wilson made the re
mark that patriotic enthusiasm was a de,
generated, foolish folly, That verifies my
statement, How long do the American peo
plo with principle have to tolerate such a
man? A CONSTANT READER.
Philadelphia,, July ?,
quickly as possible and the men went homo.
If it had not been for the-flles Its wording
would doubtless have been changed in many
ways.
Tho heat of the day and the pest of the
flics were responsible also for the fact that
a printed copy of the document and not
the original draft appears. In the official
record of the proceedings. Congress had
ordered that the Declaration be proclaimed.
The Secretary of Congress. In order o save
the labor of copying It, sent the original
draft to the official printer, who delivered
the broadside to him the next morning. The
secretary then fastened one of the printed
copies In tb,e record book with two wafers
ot red wax It was some weeks later that
an order to engross the Declaration was
made Thomas Mat lack, an assistant in
the office pf the Secretary of Congress, did
the engrossing on a single, sheet of parch
ment, which is now preserved in a dark
safe In Wuhlngton in order to prevent tha
ink from fading comp'stely awy.
What Do You Know?
Queries of general interest will t ansuereii
in tills column. Ten questions, the answers to
uhlch tiori MCll-intormei person anoulii know,
aro asked dallu.
QUIZ
1. What In meant by a "roiinter-olTcnslie"?
2. Nrn illsnntrbes imy "Mrotnboll N In erup
tion." What nnd Mhero Is fitromboll?
3. What In Wurttur'.'
4. What are the Hlitxlrn Fcholarslilns?
B. Whnt Is mrint by the sujlnj:, "bell, book
nnd cnnille"?
0. Itlio wrote "The Itlmo of the Ancient
.Mnrlner"?
7. What nro "grny good"?
8. Who in Mm. Joseph Felt?
0. What Is meant by "u common carrier"?
10. How often Is there n "now moon"?
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
Arrcriondo Is the Ambassador Designate at
Wnnhlngton ot tho de facto Mexican Gov
ernment. A "Now r.nclaml shilling" Is 10 3-3 cents.
Slestu I lie "sixth hour" that Is. noon.
The word Is applied to the short sleep
taken In .Snuln nnd Spanish countries dur
ing the midday heat.
The Liikn School of poet hi Wordsworth,
Coleridge and Southey.
"Tho lleloretl l'hjslclan," St. Luke.
"Hegglng the question" la to nssnmo n
iiroposttlon which Intolven the conclusion.
!'or example, to say that "parallel lines
neter meet because they ore parullel."
llarhcruei An animal roasted whole, or the
feast at which It Is ser)e.
Tho Declaration does not say "nil men are
created free nnd equal." but "are created
equal."
Wheat Is planted from September S3 to
October 30 In the Middle htntos.
A hoax Is u deception by which the publlo Is
misled.
Secret Service
A Subscriber Tho Secret Service Bureau
Informs us that to become a Secret Service
man it Is necessary to procure nn applica
tion from tho Civil Servlco Commission (at
tho Postoffico Building) nnd to send that
application to the Secretary of tha Treas
ury (Washington. D. C). Tho proper au
thority thereupon passes on the applicant.
The bureau knows of no examination such
as you mention.
Panics
JJdlfor of "What Do You Know" Under
what President did the panic of 1007 occur?
Was It a Republican or a Democratic Ad
ministration? How did this panic compare
with other panics in the past, and how
long did It last? Did the banks stop specie
payments? Did the banks stop specie pay
ments during Cleveland's administration?
SAQAMORD.
There seems to be a subtle pollttctfl un
dertone to your query which makes It dif
ficult to answer. Every one knows that
Theodore Roosevelt was President of the
United States In 1907. and that Congress
nnd President were Republican, The de
pression of 1907 was more severe than soma
In the past and jess severe than others, to
be sure. It was hot, of the severest, as can
be judged by the fact that In defiance of
tradition the American people did not turn
the party in power during a panic out at
the next election. In both 1907 and 1893
the banks kept up specie payment, al
though restricting It, as far as possible, to
absolute necessities.
Railroads' Service in War
.Editor of "What Do You Know" Da rail
roads transport troops free of charge during
slega or war? J. C.
Government-owned railroads do not
charge for transporting troops, but privately
owned railroads receive pay for this serv
lco. Established Church
Editor o "ll'not Do You Know" Is there
an Established Church In England, and It so,
how Is It supported? t. B.
There Is an Established Church In Eng
land, the Church of England, which Is sup
ported by special taxes called tithes, by
large property holdings, endowments and
voluntary contributions. Statistics give the
revenues of the church from property as
more than $35,000,000, with 'voluntary con
tributions of more than J35,000,000. The
system of tithes goes back to a very early
period In English history and Is tha sub
ject of a complicated law. The present
Bystem was adopted In 1861.
Forget-me-nots
Editor of "What Do You Know" Can you
tell me where occurs the line "Forget-me-nots
of tho angels"? ' D. L. J.
Longfellow rffhus describes the stars in
"Evangeline." The lines are as follows:
Silently, one by one, in the infinite meadows
of heaven,
Blossom the lovely stars, the forget-me-nots
of the anarela.
of the angels.
The Gordon Riots
A. W The Gordon riots, headed by Lord
Geomt Gordon, were started in 17(0 tq corn
pal tht House of Commons ft repeal the
bill passed in 1778 for the relief of the
Catholics, They are described in Dickens'
"Baraby Rudge."
WHO WROTE THE
DECLARATION?.
Jefferson Claimed the Credit,
But Internal Evidence Points
to His Friend, Thomas
Paino
By JOHN ELFRETH WATKINS
MANY wlso heads have held that one)
of tho most flagrant of our historic
cal fallacies la that which has Ions
credited Thomas Jefferson with authpr
shlp of the original draft of the Declara
tion of Independence.
History states that on Juno 10, 1776,
tha lower houso ot Congress sitting In
Philadelphia, entrusted tho framing ot
that great Instrument to a commutes
composed of John Adams, Benjamin
Franklin, Roger Sherman, Robert R.
Livingston and Jefferson. Less authentlo
history states that of theso Franklin was
first selected for the task, but that his
colleagues, fearing his sense of humor,
turned to others on the committee and
finally entrusted tho duty to Jefferson.
In fact, tourists to Philadelphia today
are shown a. tablet which marks n build
ing at tho corner of 7th nnd Market
streets as tho slto of tho house In which
tho great Virginian wroto tho original
draft of tho document which was to
sGver us from the mother country.
Whoever wroto tho original Declara
tion saw It altered considerably by Con
gress before that body eventually adopted
It, and thero Is no record of tho militant
Jefferson's having ever uttered any pro
tost against theso changes.
Somo students of history, nftcr con
sidering the. .Ivldenco In tho case, have
professed tbJio convinced that Jefferson
did not frame tho original draft for tho
4f n 1 1 f t M rr
sons: (j?
I6v!
Jefferson Did Not Hold
.draft excoriated tho British
carried on the slave trade,
rson was a slaveholder!
a rebuke against "Scotch
ccnarlcs," whereas Jeffer-
iilarly fofid of tho people
that It contained certain
ivhtch Jefferson's writings
nowhere contain, as well ns certain In
sinuations, reflecting views opposite to
his. Some of tho authorities, who have
carefully weighed all of the ovldonco,
claim that these sentiments and expres
sions so ill-befitting Jefferson exactly
lit tho theories and echo tho expressions
of a genius who, while dwelling in Phila
delphia at that very time, was ono of
Jefferson's most Intimate advisers.
This man was Thomas Paine, a native
of England, tho son of a Quaker corset
maker, who, after serving apprenticeship
In his father's trade, had undertaken
such various occupations as grocer, rev
enue man, schoolmaster, nonconformist
preacher and pamphlotecr. Palno had
been a man of roving disposition and
dlssoluto habits. His first wlfo died
within a year after their marriage, and
ho had then taken a second Brldo,
but had deserted her for tho wlfo ot a
Paris publisher. Ho was self-willed and
ariogant, yet possessed of a wonderfully
brilliant mind. While Benjamin Frank
lin was our roprosontatlvo In London
Palno wroto nn attack on the British
royal system which contained so much
"punch" that Franklin sought tho young
author nnd persuaded him to come to
Philadelphia in 1774. He employed his
ngllo pen ns a protego of Franklin, who
obtained for him tho editorship of the
Pennsylvania Mngazlne. Ho was writ
ing forceful articles against slavery and
In favor of Amorlcan Independence when
ho met Jefferson upon tho evo of tho
framing of tho Declaration.
Tho theory of those who would de
prive him of the honor of having com
posed the original draft of the Declara
tion Is that Jefferson, upon being selected
to mako that draft, turned to his friend
Palno as tho man best ablo to put Into
emphatic and forceful language the sen
timents which should be embodied In that
great Instrument, and that Paine had
Injected Into the document some of his
own pet theories.
Palne's Crisp Sentences
Tho tact that the Declaration slighted
the issue of unjust taxation has been put
forth as a further argument in favor of
Pnlne's nuthorshlo. Ho regarded that
Issue as unimportant, whereas Jefferson
had fought for It strenuously.
Palno was the author of the pamphlet
Common Sense, whose forceful arguments
In favor of Independence brought him
as reward a vote of BOO pounds from the
Pennsylvania Legislature and a master's
degreo from tho University of Pennsyl
vanla. Tho arguments set forth In this
work strikingly paralleled those of the
Declaration, and It has been pointed
out that the Declaration was not couched
in tho flowing stylo of Jefferson. Its
explosive, terse stylo was very charac
teristic of Paine, whose favorite figures
of speech and phraseology aro scattered
through It. Agnostic that ho was, Paine
believed God to be nature and often de
scribed the deity aa "such. Therefore,
the phraso "nature a'nd nature's God" has
been used as another argument for hla
having drafted our bill ot rights.
Paine was not at all Jealqus of credit
for many of his works. He had the
habit of-wrltlng anonymously. Jefferson,
It Is charged, never claimed authorship
of the Declaration until otter Palne's
death.
Tho authorities who have begrudged
Jefferson the honor of having written the
Declaration of Independence have been
men of serious mind, and after one has
weighed all of the evidence, it must be
admitted that the Identity of the writer -who
expressed in such forceful words
the yearnings of a downtrodden people)
remains t doubt.
(Copyright.)
POSSIBILITIES
Mr, Wlllcox will bring tg the Republican
campaign all he knows about law and Mr,
McCormlck his expert knowledge of foot,
ball to the Democratic, but November 7
Mr. Wlllcox may And that he cannot move
for a continuance or Mr. McCormlck may
discover that he has had three downs and
lost the ball St. Louis Star
A WOMEN'S CONVENTION IN 192Q
We venture to make a prophecy Four
years from f the nation will be watch
Ing another convention of the Republican,
if not tha Progressive, party There will
be assembled at the same time and place
a supplementary convention of women poll,
tlclaus. but la 1SZQ the news pf their per
formances will not be dismissed to the
sixth page They will be p.-omotttd to
somewhere "" tflt The, n-A p.e.
public
mi... ior
Kins jpjKbi
thcdH
nnufKr
sonlsssssssW
ot ScdlUHld'
exprcBjaauwuy