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EVENING LEDGEtf-PHILADELPHIA, WEDNESDAY, JtJLY 5, 1010.
i?
It.
.f
fcietrtng
tib$et
PtJBLtG LEDGER COMPANY
tttnuti it k, culms, raMiDnsT.
Chub it. Lb&farton,,Vfcs President; John
C. Martin, JSsrretary nod Treasurers Thillp 8.
poillnjt, John B. -millem, Director.
- BDtTOMATi UOAHDt
U w CT.es II. K. CtrsTra, Chairman.
P. JL HTIIAI.BT editor
IPWN C, totltW, .General Business Manager
Published dally nt Prnttd tiinoni nnTldlnir,
Independence Square, Philadelphia.
flawi Ccirmt. Broad and Chestnnt Streets
RTTO Cm rrtit'VnUm Building
TotC 200 Metropolitan Tower
01., ..824 Ford Building
jomn ..,.409 aUtbt-Dtmoerat llulldlng
ao.,i, J02 Tribunl Building
NRWS BUltSAUSi
Jfjianmaww Botiutr... hlggs Building
jfwr ToK I) en Bill The Time Building
'JxUi' Uonsu CO Frledrlchstrasse
LOXMM I)I7BKt....... Marconi House, Strand
riH Bcittlt) 32 nuo Louti ) Grand
itTBSCniPTION TERMS
Br farrier, sbt cent per wev. Bjr mall
postpaid outside of Philadelphia, except where
foreign postage la required, one month, twenty
n cents, one year, three dollars. All mall
subscriptions payable In advance.
Kono fiubecrlbera wishing address changed
must Kite old as well as nw address.
HELL. JOOO WALNUT
KEYSTONE, MAIM 3000
VX Address al communication to Hemlng
IittQtr, ndpeTKfe?io Square, rhUaMpMa.
r-XTBtto t in rniLADcLrint rosTorrtcs At
SECOND-CLASS MAIL 1UTTIH.
TUB AVEItAQn NET FAIL IMlI.Y GIB-
CULATION OP TItn EVENING LEDGER
SOP. MAT WAS 122,01 1
rhlliJtlf hU. Wedneidar, July (, 1914.
A tool it but the extension of a
man' hand, and a machine it but a
complex tool. Henry Ward Beecher.
Tho weather man earned tho grati
tude of tho people yesterday.
They aro discovering In Washing
ton that it Is Imposalbia to Improvise an
army, even If tho National Guard Is used.
German Alllanco Bans Politics.
Headlines.
Recent pronouncements of Messrs.
Wilson and Hughes lead us to suspect
that vlco versa came first In this matter.
Tho girls they meet on tho way
aro compotlng with tho girls they loft
behind them for tho smiles of tho Penn
sylvania mllltlamon.
Japan knows whero to come to get
tho best oqulpmont for steel mlll3. Orders
for $28,000,000 worth of material havo
boen given to Pennsylvania concerns.
Alexander tho Great and Walter
tho Mighty wore both beaten on tho
same day. If such can fall, Is It any
wonder that tho Germans occasionally
havo rough going?
As tho commissary department of
the National Guard broko down, it was
fortunate that tho Philadelphia women
had made arrangements to feed tho sol
diers on their way to Mexico,
As tho Democracy has failed to
reduce tho high cost of living. Secretary
Redfleld has begun to call on tho succu
lent mussel to come to Its relief. If people
would only cat this cheap kind of food
they might be convinced that tho Wilson
Administration has done something to re
duco tho provision bills.
Who wns the French Kitchener
Who prepared a nation with overy man
In tho flold to create an army virtually
new and capable of passing tho fresh
British troops Jn their race against tho
Germans? If ho exists his name should
not bo hidden from posterity. But It
Is more likely the doer of this ' magnifi
cent deed was not a man. It was France.
The Senate never cared much about
free garden seeds. It Is the House which
has persisted In making Uncle Sam con
tribute that much toward the election
expenses of the Representatives. Thl3 Is
a bad year to begin cutting out this petty
graft, for tho men who are seeking re
election are anxious to keep all the friends
they have. They think that if they plant
a packet of seeds In the right soil It
will keep an old vote even If It does not
make a new one.
Tho reported withdrawal of Persh
ing's force from a dangerous position
takes on Importance In proportion to tho
sincerity of its motive. Simply as an
indication that this country does not pur
pose aggression and is unwilling to risk
American lives, It isdefenslblo onough.
But Pershing's band must not bo a second
fleet at Vera Crur. Wo haven't caught
Villa and havo precious little reason for
believing that we havo Carranza in an
amiable mood.
There is so much common sense in
tha protest of the hotel men, theatre man
agers and club presidents against the pro
posed automobile ordinances that It is
likely they will be modified before put on
final passage in Councils. The purpose of
tha ordinances is to increase the con
venience of the public There is no doubt
that during the day, when the streets are
congested with traffic, long rows of motor
cars standing for hours at the curb are a
nuisance. In the evening, When the busi
ness trafllc is suspended, the conditions
are radically different. Broad street from
Walnut to Arch would look well wth no
cars standing In it, but if the people who
attend the theatres, dine at the hotels or
spend the evening at their clubs aro not
Rllowed to park their cars within a con
. yenlent distance of their destination their
convenience will not be served. The empty
street will serve tha convenience of no
one else. It ought to bo possible for the
ojieo. in consultation with those inter-
tad, to frame an ordinance which will
(commend Itself to the Judgment of Coun
cils and meet the demand of every on
6c fair play;
Sir Edward Coke was not the first
ia My that prevention is better than
dure, but la spite of tho antiquity of the
eUjnent the Finance Committee' of
CHmella does not seem to have oompre
ftwnd its significance. At (he samn
MWetln? at which it approved the expend!
tef ?Me0,OOO for work on tha new
flam raj Hospital it turned down the
oitlort to spend $350,900 for play
(Pioucii. tim icay tp make hospitals, un
uwtmnnxy I to keep !ople wejj The way
to kHi ota WU la to begin with the
jo? A iri ud to (uovide facilities
iriS,$thH lhlr constitutions M
vested In playgroundi to keep people well
14 spent as wisely ns money devoted to
curing ,the sick. There be those who will
Insist that It is spent more wisely It the
Philadelphia ot the future Is to be the
wideawake, alert city which nil hope It
will be, there must bo dellbernto and In
telligent conservation of the vital force
of th6 boys and girls living hero now.
It seems that the members of the Finance
Committee do not yet understand Khls,
Until they do and until wo set about tho
task with tho proper determination tho
hospitals will be overcrowded by the need
lossly sick. Of course we must have hos
pitals, but we must also combine the work
ot prevention with tho Work of cure.
DRIVE VERSUS DEADLOCK
TIID present sltuntton In the Great
War nrtd tho pressing possibilities of
tho next few months aro equally called
Into question by the Anglo-Russo-Franco-Italian
ofTcnslvo which, fourteen months
belated, entered Into its dcflnlto phase
July.l, Slnco May 15, 19lG, when tho
Bprlng drive was first expected, tho change
In tho military situation has been Im
portant but not vital. Russia wns In
conclusively beaten back, Qalllpoll
abandoned by tho British, Serbia overrun
by the Germans with Bulgnrlan ntd,
Britain thrown back at lvut, Russia pros
pered, Indecisively, at Urzerum, and Italy
alternately advantaged nnd repulsed In
hor strugglo with Austria. The balance
of the year's nctlvlty has been with tho
Central Empires. Against It has been the
more lapse of tlmo which favored tho
Bntcnte.
In that period tho Entente was com
pelled to elnboiato a now theory of of
fenslvo action, and before tho theory
could bo prosecuted tho German counter
offensive began nt Verdun. In their In
tention to anticipate and perhaps prevent
an Allied offensive tho Gormans at Ver
dun wero frustrated at a bitter price, for
tho chief progress even In tho past four
days has been not of tho English but pre
cisely of those French who were to hn'e
been ollmlnatcd at the Mcuse. The year's
work resulted In a now method of break
ing tho trench deadlock, which, foretold
fifteen years ngo by Bloch, was accepted
by military strategists ns final a year ngo.
To understand tho method ono has only
to compare the advance In tho Cham
pagne district last September with the
advanco the past week.
Briefly the first wns based on tho pos
sibility of frontal attack by Infantry and
the present move Is based on tho cer
tainty of frontal attack by artillery.
From September 14 to 23 tho French and
English attacked In tho Champagne nnd
about Lens, on a ront of 20 miles, after
a long artillery bombardment. Tho gain
was fifty squaro miles and a great booty
In men and guns, but tho action was fu
tile because no provision had been made
for following tho first bombardment with
further artillery support. After the prc
mlnary clearing, the work was left to In
fantry. Thnt method has been abandoned.
Tho now mortars, tho heavy shells, tho
trained gunners who now preparo the
way for first patrol and then Infantry do
tnchments, aro prepared to continue their
work after tho first lines have fallen, to
move forward and clear paths for the
Infantry at every step. Tho elaboration
of the German trenches Into fortifications,
with mounted guns covering tho com
municating trenches and the- spaces be
tween the lines, havo determined tho
new Hchedulo of fighting. Tho duty of
tho lnfnntry Is only to hold what the ar
tillery has gained. Tho trench warfare
Is, after all, an extension of the methods
of Verdun.
But whero Verdun has heights for do
fenso the present attack of both tho
French and English Is over lovel ground,
and the German defensive must bo limited
to chocking artillery fire (virtually an im
possibility) and counter-attack, an expen
sive process not ngrecablo to those who
havo given so much nt Verdun and on
tho Eastern front already. Tho hopes of
tho Allies rest on sheer weight of shells.
Their chances of success aro measured
fjy the nmount of munitions thoy can
produce and by their superiority in avail
able men. Any trench can bo leveled If
sufficient Iron Is thrown against It. No
occupied trench can be held without men.
Theso underlying circumstances are es
sential to understanding every phase of
tho frightful battle now at issue. The
direction of Russian activity since July 1
Indicates that while tho sweep Into Aus
tria, with purpose to eliminate her as an
active contender, is to be prosecuted,
the chief service of Russia must be In
holding the centre and north ngalnst tho
Germans. Whether. v primarily, Russia
throws back von Hlndenburg Is trivial,
so long as von Hlndenburg is engap.ed
and his men kept under fire. Indirectly
aiding Russln In that end tho Italian of
fensive sorves and in that the quiescent
Balkans may serve. It is certain thnt
Russia has not put forth her final effort
against tho purely German Invaders. It
is questionable whether even that effort
can cope with the extraordinary tactical
genius and the superb control of the
armies now behind the Dvlnn, For in
every speculation of victory thero re
mains the dominant factor of German
military genius and, German strength.
The change In tactics does not involve
a change In strategy, for the objectives
in the present drive are what they would
havo been under the older method of at
tack. The German army now under fire
rests on Perpnne, Just as their armies
in Russia rest on the Prlpet marshes.
In three days the French under Foch ad
vanced to within three miles of this new
fortress, while tho English, on a more
extended line, threaten the northern com
munications. South and east of Peronne
lies St. Quentln, the grand headquarters
of the German General Staff, naturally
a point of attack. The attack is, so far,
on positions, rather inun on railway cen
tres, but the latter ore involved and a
shifting of tho attack north at Lille or
against the Doual-Cambral line of sup
ply is to be expeeled. There is reason
to believe that the first assault, a matter
of Mveral weeks, will be successful
Should It be. the outcome would be a
retirement of the Garmans to a line, un
questionably ready to receive them, con
siderably farther back. On that lino the
trengh deadlock would try to reassert it
self. It would be then that the entire weight
oi the Entente Allies would be called to
press upon the German consciousness
lutber thar on the German army. The
Alil I armie need set no foot over Ger
man frontiers if they can diffuse their
own assurance of victory in German
g.6iit3.
Tom Daly's Column
McAroni Rallnds
LXll'
THE PVBZiW BfcViJAbrO
Plcassa fnaka' cratcn far me,
Orcatrt man an it
Fcasta day tor wo should ho
On da Vccft' July.
Vef ioit arc too donlo io scei
Here ecs reason why:
Ycatadav ecs pw my ttan'
Lectin Kccd American,
Wcctha dollar con hecs han'.
"Itcyl" 1 tal liccm, "Kccddo, yout
Wat da deuce you pona do
"W'ccth so moocha mon' as datt"
"Met" he say, "I gona eat
Slcbhc sccxa seven pack
areata Ugoa cannon-crack',"
"8oT" 1 tal heem, '.'I'm afraid
Vou wccll need som' lemonade
After dat. Vou thlrstyf liow
Would you Ilka for try somnoicf"
"Flncl" he say, an' so he t'ak'
Two glass an' som' gecnger cak'.
"Lookl" I tal heem, "dese banan'l
Finest ever ccn da lan'l
Thtcc for tcnl" lie taka three.
Den 1 tal heem, "Looka, seel
Here's a chair. Com' rcsta here.
Hoxo you Ilka som' roota heert"
Wat ecs datt Of course, slgnor,
Vats'a irfat I keep heem for.
Wen at last away he went
He ain't got a blama cent,
ilebbe all dat stuff he tak'
Occvo heem granda ballyache,
Mcbbc so ccnsldc hecs shirt
Dcrc's a pain, but dat ain't hurt
Like dose sccxa seven pack
Orcata blgga cannon-crack'
Dat ho tcoulda bought ccf J
Deed not cafc heem passln' by.
Mcbbc now you wccll agree
Here ecs reason xohy
Dcy should maka ci own for mc
areata man am I.
Vcasta day for mc should be
On da Vccft' Julyt
SOME day we're going to tako a few
minutes off nnd wrlto a national
nnthem. The things we nro using on
patriotic occasions nro terrible If thnt
be treason mnko tho most of It! But
look nt "America." Old Snmmlo Smith
started off pretty well nnd ended sanely
cjiough, but In tho middle ho had two
brainstorms. Read over those two mid
dle stanzas yourself. Then there's "Yan
kee Doodle." Everybody thinks ho
knows tho words of "Yankee Doodle," but
nobody does. Go all end nnd reclto It:
"Yankco Doodle came to town
Riding on a pony,
Stuck a feather in his hat
And called It macaroni."
That's not the original "Yankco Doodle"
at all. Edwnrd Bangs, who flourished
nbout 1T76, is accused of tho thing. Here
aro some of tho choicest stanzas:
rather and I went down to camp,
Along with Captain Gooding,
And there we set tho mn and bon
As thick as hasty puddlns.
Yankee Doodle keep It up,
Yankee Doodle, dandy,
Mhvl the music nnd the step
And with the girls be handy.
And there wo see a thousand men, ' 1l
Ah rich as Stjutrn David.
And what they wasted eery day
l W.ISH ii couiu oe saeu.
The 'lasses they eat eery day
Would keep our house a winter!
They hae so much that I'll be bound.
They eat whene'er they're a mind to.
And there we see a swumplng eun
As big ns a log o( maple.
Upon a deuced little cart. '
A load tor father's cattle. ;
And eery time they shoot It oft
It tnkes u horn of powder
And makes a nol.io Ilka father's gun.
Only a nation louder.
And there was Captain Washington,
And gentlefolks about him;
They say he's grown so tarnal proud
lie will not rids without 'em.
The flaming ribbons In his hat.
They looked so tearing tine, ah:
I wanted pesklly to get
To give to my Jemima.
CECIL CHESTERTON, O. K.'s brother,
Is a submerged genius, his brother's
greater famo overshadowing him. He's
always In "ghastly haste," to quote his
own words, and he's forever making
trouble for tho postal authorities. We
have a letter from him addressed to us at
"Bellevue-Stratford Hotel, U, S. A." As
If wo wero In the habit of frequenting
that high hostelry!
Folk Out o' Focus
Behold the poor
gent
Who foolishly
went
To shop, where
the shoe
dealer deals,
Without mak
ing sure
The socks that
ho wore
Wero sound In
their toes and
their heels.
O! please do
not laugh
At this footi graph.
It shows how the poor fellow feels.
Jordan Marsh's window )n Boston shocked
the natives with this
All our bathing suits 1-3 off.
A patrol wagon hurried Merrick to the hos.
pltal, while his wife and children -Helen, rive
ears old: Richard, two. and Catherine, fifteen
montha were removed In a passing hearse to
the hospital. Evening paper.
HOW one break in the established order
begets another) Full hearses usually
go the other way and carry quieter hearts.
It's "Shine" for All
Turnlng'in ope's grave, you say,
Simply can't bo done?
I will bet on one today
Dana of the "Sun."
OLD ED.
You remember Rupert Brooke's young
American, with coat off, shirt sleeves rolled
up, straw hat tilted back, saying, "This is
SOME! country!" -
Well, he's changed to khaki w 1
J, i
NCE upon a time Nicola P'Ascenzo
J thought he'd be a portrait painter,
uui sbuu) MU'itjB icuuei-KU mm. Allia
was one of them: A newly rich patron
said to him, "How about that .picture
you're going to make of my wife water
colors rub out easy, don't they?" "Oh.
yes." said D'Ascenzo, "it must bo in oil"
"Hold on a. mnute' Make the head and
necJt in oil and the dress in water-color
soyou can change it up-to-date every
pics. In a white," said tho patron.
OUR POVERTY IN POTASH
United States Can Produce Much-Needed Material Without Paying
Tribute for It Abroad Heavy Losses
Result From Scarcity
Probably very few realizo tho great Im
portance -nhlch potash plays In the life of
n nation. Tho lilBtory of tho world proves
that tho, efficiency of nny government
depends upon Its conservation nnd Its right
Interpretation niul proper employment of
thoe natural resources which naturo has
placed In the universe for the good of
humanity.
Unfortunntely, this country, while pros
perous In bo many natural resources, lias
been derelict in taking ndvnntuge of a
large number of the very best. The fault
lies somewhete. We are at a point In our
national life thnt It Is tlmo for men of
affalri, captains of industry, those In
authority to btop and consider why we, as
a nation, are dependent upon other nations
for those very things which aro most
essential, not only for our financial Interests,
but for tho very life, vitality nnd safety
of our country. Tho only patriotism, the
only true love of our country depends not
upon the words of sentlmentalism, but upon
being ready, prepared to meet any and all
emergencies that may arise within the
nation or come from w ithout.
Wo nre a grent nation: we are a won
derful nation ; our growth, our prosperity
has no parallel We aro the envy of the
world, nnd nt the present tlmo there are
fow nations that do not entertain for us a
subtle malice. We also havo within our
gates many so-called citizens who, upon
the first opportunity, would subordinate,
Jeopardlzo and exposo that freedom, that
Independence and that well-being which
they never dreamed of until they reached
our shores. With this stato of affairs it
behooves us not only to be fit. but ready,
to meet thesd serious conditions, which are
a menace to our national life and to our
very existence.
The present wnr, with nil Its horrors and
frlshtfulnesi, should excite our most in
tense feelings against that dependency upon
diplomacy which has proved so Impotent
In preentlng tho most cruel nnd barbarous
war in the history of tho world. While it
is a lack of patriotism, disloyalty to tho
Goerumcnt and a crime, treason deserving
the greatest condemnation and punishment,
this failure of those In power to adequately
guard our safety by a sulllclent army and
navy, yet there is Just as much fault with
capital and the captains of Industry who
fall to take advantage of our natural re
sources to nroduce sucn conditions ana pro
visions as would, in tho event of war, large
ly add to our cfllcloncy and be a good,
strong right arm In our preparedness, as
well as a protection from any trouble which
might arise.
In no other ono Important necessity for
our very existence, efficiency and prepared
ness will we btanj condemned as much as
In our failure to develop the potash In
dustry, which Is so vital and of such Im
portance as to be second to none other,
especially when wo have at our very doors
those natural resources which, If utilized,
would at once solve this, one of the most
momentous questions which confronts us as
a nation. ,
Tho failure Immediately and promptly to
grasp the opportunity ot producing within
our own borders the salts of potash will
be a national crime. The hardest blow
falls upon the farmers of our country, for
every Intelligent farmer knows the loss
or shrinkage In his crops will be this year
at least from 20 or 30 per cent. At the
same time he will perform the same amount
of labor, pay the same taxes, or the same
rental, all because he cannot procure a
fertilizer containing potash.
Our Industries require a large amount of
potash salts, the wonderful glass Industry
Is suffering greatly for want of potash. No
supplies are available for the glass blowers,
nor for the manufacturers of gunpowder,
nor for the tanning of certain leathers, nor
for the Boap boilers, nor for the makers of
yellow prusslate or bichromate, nor for
match manufacturers, nor for the scores of
varied Industries preparing therapeutic and
photographic ana similar products, In wnlch
potash is an absolutely essential compo
nent The uses of the various salts of potas
sium, the chlorate, the bromide, the cyanide,
(he Iodide, the permanganate, and numer
ous others, are encountered in a large group
of Industries.
In all of these highly developed .phases
of human activity the lack of potash com
pounds means as much of a dislocation as
would the elimination of the butcher or
baker from the life of a village. People
would not necessarily die, but it would
Involve endless readjustments to unex
pected conditions. Depending as we do
upon a single source the mines of fjtae
furt, in Germany for the entire 'quantity
of potash necessary for America places
us in such bondage and tyranny today that
we are suffering from a potash lamlne,
which is entailing untold hardships, and
In many Instances actual suffering through
out our country The monetary loss from
the scarcity of potash in America elnce the
war started cannot be estimated in dollars
end cents, So great has ben the disturb
ance in many branches of Industry that
whole communities have guttered untold
losses, and from an agricultural standpoint
alone, the loos to our nation is overwhelm
ing Considering the great Importance of tnu
SEEMS TO BE THERE WITH THE WALLOP
lnvalunblo commodity It should be ab
solutely Incumbent upon tho Government
to throw around tho manufacturers of
potash such f-afogunatis of protection that
capital would at ondf actively talto up tho
development of thoso natural resources
which aro rich in potash salts. In view of
tho fact that this country has been Im
porting nlmost one million tons of potash
a year previous to the present war, and In
creasing this nmount every year, tho com
mercial possibilities of creating thl3 Indus
try In our own land, nnd nt tho same time
placing In our own country an arm of
preparedness second to no other, are demon
strated. A demonstration of the practicability of
manufacturing potash from natural re
sources Is now, and has been for months,
In operation nt Marysvalc, Utah. While
tho output Is comparatively small and only
a drop In the bucket, tho fact remains that
from 30 to B0 tons of potash nro being
made every day at this plant. Tho raw
material from which this is made is known
among chemists nnd engineers aa alunlte.
Each ton of ntunlto In tlds deposit will
aera(re 390 pounds of sulphato of potash,
720 pounds of aluminum oxide, 900 pounds
of sulphuric ncld.
This particular depplt Is nin--,r - -)
the engineer's reports, virtually inex
haustible or estimated to contain sulll
clent potash to supply America fot luO
years. This concern and one other company
virtually control all the Immense deposits
nt Marysvlllc, Utah. j detailed account of
this deposit can be found in Mineral Re
sources, 1914. Just Issued by tho United
States Geographical Suney.
Another source of potash Is the kelp In
dustry of the Pacific coast. Some potash
Is being made from the brlno of an alkaline
lako In Nebraska, while somo experimental
work In tho production of potash from
other sources Is now In progress. These
later sources are still in experimental
stages. Thus, the nation, In Its need of
potash, must for tho present, at least, look
to the Utah deposit, and with the construc
tion and modern equipment of mill? nnd
a sufficient force of laborers, there is no
reason why this largo deposit of mineral
should not yield, to a large extent, the
amount of potash demanded by the coun
try's ever-Increasing needs.
The German potash industry, before the
war, used In Its operation a force of 26,000
men nnd virtually supplied tho world.
Why should not this phase of Interior devel
opment be utilized In the United States?
Such development cannot fail to expand
our commerce, safeguard scores of Indus
tries, and, above all else, Increase the agri
cultural output to the results obtained by
Kuropenn countries, which produce crops
twice or thrice as largo as tho ;itra;o yield
of our own farms. American agriculture Is
still far from realizing how easily the har
vests of Its broad domains may be doubled,
without an additional day of labor.
However, the American people have
within their own hands the weapon, the
ballot, to speedily and definitely assure and
Insure the safety and remuneration which
capital demands before entering a field of
this sort. There should Immediately ba a
concerted movement In which the co-operation
of the people at large be secured and
educated through the public press to
awaken the nation to the serious condi
tions now resulting from the scarcity of
this important salt. Artother alarming fac
tor in the situation Is tha prohibitory pries
demanded for the little to be secured
There can bo no real preparedness without
potash consequently the hardships Inci
dent to the prebent famine of potash must
be promptly and effectually mitigated. The
economic fabric of American industrial life,
must never again be exposed to such loss,
such tyranny, througa the dependence upon
a foreign source for the nation's potash
supply.
ROMAN MATRONS
The story is told In fhe Waterbury Re
publican and Is stirring enough. On Mon
day evening Captain H. B. Carter was ex
amining various applicants and found one
who had a wife and three children, but
who wanted to go to the front. He told
Captain Carter that his wlfo would not
object, but was utked to bring a letter
from her, and be said that he would brt
back with it within half an hour He
was as good as his word and this letter
which he brought back from his wife tjore
out his statement. It was brief and to
the point and read as follows: "I hope the
first bullet that Is fired knocks his
head off" It was sufficient.' It is hard
to see how the Boraan matrons or any
of the famous women ot antiquity could
have expressed themselves with, more brev
ity or resolution. The country, one may
assume, U still safe. Hartford Courant
REALIGNING IS THE WORD
That awful uproar mingled with shrieks,
groans and angry Imprecations which you
Just heard was caused by the Hon. Ted
Ki-v'seveu demobilising the Bull Moose
party.-New Orleans Daily .State.
What Do You Know?
Quotes o aencral Uiterat villi bt ansu-ered
in this column. Ten attesftoiis. tht aii&icers to
uhich tietu ttetl'tnortncd vtraon should know,
are asked dalli.
QUIZ
1. Who Is Armlando?
2. Mint Is n "New Iceland shilling"?
3. It hat It a letn? . .
4. What was the "Lake School" of poetsT
It. Hho wns tho "Helmed Hijhlcltui"?
0. Wlmt U mennt by "begging the ques
tion"? 7. What It a barbecue?
H. Does the Declaration of Independence
h.ir "that ull racn ore created free nnd
enuTl'"."
0. At wlmt time In the jenr Is wheat
Planted In this part of the countr)?
10. What Is a hoax?
Answers to Mondny'.s Quiz
1. Grant wns emnlojed as n handy man In
his brothers' general store before the
Civil Ur.
S. One of the methods of nnesthesln before
ether was to stupefy the patient with
liquor.
3. The tiermnns hold nbout one-twenty-
llftli of tho mill of lriiliec.
4. "Hie era of good feeling" was between
1X17 anil 1831, when political parties
In America virtually itlinppeared.
5. Tho Mormons h.ne scriptures of their
own. culled the Hook of .Mormon.
0. A number of slUer dollars, rnllett "tnile
dollars." were coined In 1S73, weigh
ing I'JO grains each limtend of 4UV
grains In unler to facilitate trade
with China and Japan,
7. Gmperrult Is so railed because It grows
In duster like grapes.
8. The Fourth of July Is observed as the
iinuUcrsiiry of the adoption of the
Declaration of Independence In Con
gress. 0. The "Mecklenburg dcolnrntlon" wns a
herles of resolutions, entd to have been
adopted In 1113 nt Charlotte, Mrklen
burg found, N. ('. Home ilnuht Is
cast noon the authenticity of the reso
lutions. 10. George i:ilot wrote "Silas Mamcr."
A Trip to New York
Editor of "What Do You Know" I am
going to New York on my vacation for
three days and I would like to hear your
opinion n3 to where I should go to Bee
something of Interest. (2) I am malting a
boat and would like to know if I can have
the lumber built in any way. (3) I have
mado a desk out of chestnut lumber and I
should like to know whether oak or ma
hogany would be good and how to finish
Uio desk. M. S.
it would be Interesting to stroll through
Central Park from tho beautiful Sherman
statue at 69th street and Sth averiue to
tho obelisk near tho Metropolitan Museum,
and the museum Itself Is a world of pleas
ure, Tho Free Library at 4 2d street and
Sth avenue, in the heart of tho city, Is a
great monument to civic enterprise. Ono
should take ' a trip by water to see the
harbor, going either to Staten Island, or,
If he wants to see how New York amuses
Itself, to Coney Island. On tho way he
wilt see the famous Statue of Liberty.
Starting from City Hall Park one can stroll
through the business section to Wall street
and the "skyscraper" district, or cross the
Brooklyn Bridge. A walk up Blversldo
drive from 72d street Is always Interesting,
and leads to Grant's Tomb, which "feyy visi
tors miss. (2) and (3) These questions ore
rather vague. You will find the Informa
tion yon wnnt In books in the "Useful Arts"
section of the Free Library, 13th and Lo
cust streets. Desks are certainly made out
of oak and mahogany, but there are many
ways to finish them.
Far-downers
Editor of "What Do You Know" Kindly
explain why the Inhabitants of the north of
Ireland nre called "far-downers." Give a
synopsis of Kipling's "Ounga Din," with a
correct spelling of the title. It. B. B.
In tho Middle Ages one went "up" to
Borne, In popular parlance, even though he
came from a country north ot Borne. It Is
generally understood that the expression
"far-downers," as applied to those who
lived in the north of Ireland, meant that
they were farther away from Borne thnn
those in the south, that they had farther
"up" Jo go In going there, The spelling 'of
"Gunga Din" Is correct in your letter. The
poet. In this poem, puts n the mouth of a
British soldier the praises pf the Indian
water-carrier who serves the fighting men.
The soldier tell? how ho abuses and looks
down upon "Gunga Din" when his services
are not needed, and how much he respects
that person when In battle the faithful
water-carrier runs out (o give the wounded
tho water they craye;
"Though I beat you and I flayed you,
By the living God that made you.
You're a better man than I am, Gunga Din."
Ice Cream Made by Accident
Editor of "What Do You Know" One of
your readers wanted to know when Ice
cream was Invented. I have heard that on
one occasion Martha Washington's colored
cook was told to whip some cream which
.was allowed to stand outcide overnight, as
It was to oe usea in ancy caking the next
day It being a very cold night, it froze,
very much to their astonishment, and this
is supposed to have been the first Ice cream
made. After thl became known no doubt
flavors were added until the present-day ice
.ream industry was built up, H. w p.
ON WHAT MEAT
CAESARS FEED
Uncle Sam's Fighting Men Live
Better Than Those of Any
Other Natipn Tea j
and War i
ANYBODY who has been one of a party
Jt. ot four men nt dinner In a restaur
ant should have a good notion of one of
tho fundamental problems of victualing
an nrmy. If there Is one Item in the menu
they will ngroo Updn that four should be
set down ns most exceptional men, Tho
Incrcdlbto length of our menus Is at onco
a trlbuto and reproach to tho fastidious
ness of men. That of women Is nothing
compared wjth It, In fact it might be
said that it Is ono of the chief bases ot
tho charm of women' that they nro "not
pnrtlctilnr" about food. Nevertheless It
will be good news to women hereabout
Just now that tho American soldier is the
best fed soldier In the world. Here Is the
list of his dally rations In garrison that
Is, In permanent quarters:
Fresh beef, twenty ounces; flour, eigh
teen ounces; beans, two nnd four-tenths
ounces; potatoes, twenty ounces; prunes,
ono and twenty-eight hundredths ounces;
coffee, ono and twelve hundredths ounces;
sugar, three nnd two-tenths ounccsisalt,
sixty-four hundredths of nn ounce; bak
ing powder, one nnd eight hundredths
ounces; milk, evnporntod and unsweet
ened, ono nnd five-tenths ounces; vinegar,
slxtcen-liundredths of a gill; pepper, four
hundredths of nn ounce; cinnamon, four
teen thousandths, of an ounce; sirup,
thirty hundredths of nn ounce; flavoring
extract lomon fourteen thousandths of
an ounce.
This Is not, of course, calculated to ex
cltonn exalted scnBO of gratitude to tho
four avcrago men whom wo found so hard
to please with tho menu, and If handed
that diet on a tnkc-It-or-loavo-lt baBls It
would bo no consolation to them to learn
that garrison fare 13 better than thnt
served 'on travel, In rcsorvo (tho haver
sack ration) or In tho flold. But If thoy;
nro not grateful when thoy learn that
theso provisions nre superior to thoso
served to tho ntmlos of any other nation
well, they aro simply not In nn herolo
mood, nnd that's all thero Is to It.
Science nnd Food
The good (and bad) thing nbout modern
victualing Is that It Is scientific. Science
In food Is all right when It Is negntlvo.
When It snys "no" to Injurious foods It Is
on safe ground. Man Is so far above ani
mals and now and then so near tho nn
gels that there is no telling what ho
"should" eat. Sometimes ho thrives bet
ter on cream puffs and cigarettes than on
beef and bread. It Is n well-established
prluclplo that what appeals to tho ap-
petlto Is best digested.
What science really does for armies Is
to determine how cheaply and quickly
and cleanly enough food can be gotten to
them to keep tho fighting machlno fight
ing. The only foods that nro common to
all armies aro bread, msat and salt. Theso
are supplied In varying quantities. Tho
British soldier sets a dally allowanco of
ono and a quartdr pounds of meat and one
nnd a quarter pounds of bread; the
French, ono pound of meat and one nnd
thiee-quartors pounds of bread; tho Rus
sian, three-quar.ers of a pound of meat
and two and three-quarters poundH of
bread; the Belgian, three-quarters of a
pound of meat nnd ono nnd three-quarters
of a pound of bread. Tho Briton thus
gets more meat than any of tho others
and less bread; but that Is simply li tho
truo tradition of carnivorous morry Eng
land. Tho fact that wheat Is tho Russian
staple and bread tho chief diet of the
Russian-peasantry accqunts for tho large
bread allowance of tho Czar's men.
Two factors play a largo part In modern
field diet soup and canned beef canned
beef stows In tho British army and it
is likely that if our troops have to en
gage in prolonged flold activities In Mex
ico they will bo part of the American
military regime ns well. Thero Is a good
reason for their prominence. Soup can be
mado quickly In largo quantities and is
highly nutritive. Canned goods aro easily
transported, keep well, and are readily
pteparcd for eating. Tho art ot canning,
by tho way, was originally designed to
meet military needs. When tho French
Republic went In for war on a large scale
near the end of tho eighteenth century,
tho Government offered a bounty of 240d
for an Improved method ot preserving
foods. In 1801 Nicholas Appert, an expert
chef, succeoded In heating the product
and then hermetically sealing the con
tainer. When tho process was later per
fected It became ono of the arts of peace,
but canning was first thought ot as a war
measure.
Tea nnd Tobacco
What science has had to Bay about tea
and tobacco has been amblguous.Physl
clans who don't uso them say they aro
injurious. Physicians who uso them say
they're not. But the common sense of na
tions decided the matter. The inveterate
tea-drinkers of England get their tea reg
ularly and relish it even though it is not
so well mode ns in the innumerable tea
shops of London. The tea served In and
behind tho trenches must be very bad
sometimes, as the typical Joke In Punch
shows. The officer Inspecting food and lis
tening to complaints is handed something
to taste.
"Very good soup," he says, gravely.
"But It's not supposed to be sogp, slrj
it's tea." ,,
"And Jolly good tea it is, to be Burei"
replies the officer, cheerfully, and passes
on.
(That tobacco Is something very near
a food perhaps a medicine seems to
have been demonstrated by the wall that
went up' from the Belgians when the supt
plyVan out and the response that came;
from the smokers of America.
SALONigA
The decision to occupy Salonlca was an
intelligent stroke ot diplomatic tactics, be
fcause it was the first Indication vouchsafed
peninsula that instead of pulling apart the
Allies were acting together. It was the
Bret tangible proof offered Athena and
Bucharest and Sofia that France andEng
land were not to be trifled with: that they
were co-operating in an intelligible plan;
tbat their resources were, If not Inexhausti
ble, yet unexpectedly elastic, that they had
no intention of abandonlog the Balkans ta
the domination of Germany But the de
cision to occupy Salonlca Wst&ld have been
fraught with peril If tt had not been eup
ported protected as it were by toe vast
enveloping movement of the Caucasus cam
paign of the Russians. World Work.
J
k