I K t SIMPLE ARYrttttTtt AMUSEMENT SECTION ittmimg Hktujer PHOTOPLAY THEATRE) & . DANCING, MUSIC PHILADELPHIA, SATURDAY EVENING, JUNE 17, 1916. 1 1. ' WHERE THEY MAKE SCENARIOS INTO PHOTOPLAYS fit ' .M--t ',.-,.',,illS)l?M,T' ' 'S&'raresrai, "-, I,, l .From timo "m.6 ?J'" i rendc8 K,imP.ss of the inside of Photoplayland tho studios where actors and directors mako tlio myriad pictures that later flash across the screen. Here we have the Lasky studio, in Hollywood. Cal. Note tho two varieties . of stages. At the ngnt may do seen tno glass roof of an inclosed stage, while at the left are the platforms of tho outdoor stages and tho curtains of white cloth to diffuse tho sunlight that would otherwise fall directly upon tho players and tho settings. Both Borta of ) , stages arc used, for interior scenes. Exteriors are taken under tho direct light of day at appropriate "locations," some of them miles away from tho studio. A "New " Theatre" Tkat tlie Movies Built fbi Prominent Actor, After a "Rest in the Plans a Playhouse Endowed With His Photoplay Salary M ovies 'ened fM cam.- ti east" El rtilch ;?,! imjM Jli iff ap. lit feut, ml: Iquor, ' ,WM 3. tat 411S i. 'M ra a' Villa 'Jfl vtntLi'g wSZi -rttitf. f$ wt i, rticu- i .1 easf, i f ft ir.ll.rnnk Mfllll. WhO JldS VaHC(I his I ttueUttlon with Margaret Anglln in a SV revival of Otcar Wilde's "A Woman of I xtl r...rinni.i" bv anvearances on the term in World photoplays, announced im( time ago that he was concerned In 0 project iur wto ""'"' "' - .1.: .kin ma to tear his name fi"'. doniilMs, endowed by the films he has , oppfaraJ fn. nere re w ..,. ; BlWt.idcas on the subject: THERE Is no need for a new theatre but there Is room for one. Tho rovolu "tlonary Ideas In my proposed-enterprise are t: not numerous. I mean to navo a smaii. 'A'conuoriaDie iiieuuu, ow.mi 1.u...j. .v... with a balcony, but no etiirry, and I mean ' to put on p ' not 3nafiorcIally profitable to the ordinary manager. Stranirely enough, this typo of play la I, doing very well now. When you can put on eL ht.iia." and Rntiw nl.ivs and aret com- I forUblo runs out of them, It's a sign posl-, f ttve that Few York Is getting bis enough .to' do things In. Ypii see, we're getting to be a I" centre. Tours are no longer fashionable and pcople.who want to see plays come to new xorc. The, Princess Theatre, which I started several years ago with a policy of one-net plays, was a stepln tho direction I am pro eMduurfnaw! Tho Frlncess waB unsuccess ful for the lack of $1 Beats nnd the small- Ma si me nouse. ivomission was aemcu 18 grcni liana Ui. iiicuucbuvio r,v ,. fard ohly 1. At that, with Its tcrrlnc iwicap of emallness, the Princess came so By HOLBROOK BLINN .PARIS POTPOURRI ON YANKEE J fATTTTn jf iViJ V XUjQ 'fi Th'er'may bar American films out of Eng- .T.J I ...- ' -a . . ., j iauu uy .we ineana ol excessive iuauiiuji, ht'll would take more than that to exclude j from France the reels from Yankee land, r, bj? a rarls correspondent of the New York 4"Tra11 t'ttine a nost 01 cinema nuuaea KM nflp1rn v.lvt.,1.. t... t.A .,liii.tnDtti. er ilia throne to renew their acquaintance pitn ray "big time" friends, Pearl White. VtP," Is. fairly worshiped by the French f.i fePPMV and when the; blonde heroine seems 14 ptt Indeed, one encourages the other by f. fr"1. "Wait, M. Clarel will save herl" Ilr- . ' DPPO0'i'on nouses cnariot lunarua . gaplln'i nom Francalse) Is the all-power- j- jtfi mpi which drags In the francs. In 5!J"frVU9 lines are Introduced anent "The I rUres of New York," and a Chaplin lm gror. Some disgruntled lady has Invaded columns of a London newspaper and Mdeayprs to tell why films from the United fcUtej pf America should be "passed up." BfTUreU that she has not been able 'O ff Wr side of the Atlantic, but avers rrj wot oe exciiing, ir immoral. Jne narftnnnAi nr v.A n.A nHiAn t.A i.. r '---.. .,, iiiniuu iiai lien Dim 2 i?i' "'sn'' dishes up certain of the cast suns pedantic manner; "I can always W u i American thing directly the curtains Ki 2T the B'ochy. bunt-featured 'Jeune vmw wears awful ready-made clothes 9s A CUrlOUJI InWpnunul kn ...l.llA his (WPnon )s an exuberant young lady in a wl. lnd Bklrt' wltn Bk'mP ha'r down Atfor thA nhlt l 1 ,-.. . , it.. FSTn.ni8h-l0klnr' a8 though It had been t 2L "A an'1S, nnd doughnuts, and no mora taffr. ''""'ent of marriage could be 111 T.n. -.vi.is tiu pinisicr was :toti W.'bll,rBlar' and tha flfant seemed ffcrl aid 1 1 an.a.chlhed by its parents by f-'ttereira Persons. I marveled that 5r"p Hot hire a nnr..m,M a i iSy ai, p.a,nt?mlma ot e'ans dinner. oeQ a the baby's crib." mm fe im near being a success over a nerlod of two years that I have tho greatest optimism for the new venture. ' I will produce only unusual plays, with, perhaps, an. occasional revival of Wilde or PInero. Then. If I get a particularly good one-act play, I shall add that to tho regular performance. You sec, one-act plays are a sort of hobby with me. I admit I have a leaning for them. You caniget such a lot Into them and such a lot out ot them. But there Is no homo for them here. Vaudeville ac cepts only comedies or melodramas, nnd they are uniformly 111 done. And If you add a one-act play to a regular play tho audl enco at once Imagines a weakness In the main play. Now, In my theatre, I shall con trive to dissipate such, suspicions. Tho house will have a regular policy and pa trons will know what to expect. That Is what I want my theatre to have more than anything a policy. Until Grace George took over the Playhouse thero wasn't a theatre In New York with a regularly sustained policy. Department utores and shops have character, but not theatres. True, Belasco does not run comic opera In his theatre and thero Is a certain dignity to the performances at the Em pire, but It, la Impossible to Identify any set, policy. The Bandbox Theatre has a character, but It Is amateur. I am glad the Bandbox has made good. I think the old Princess helped launch it, and I think It will help my new theatre. In order to establish a policy a theatro f must be free. That Is why we are building a new one. We must have independence. In searching about we found no theatro In the better theatrical district which did not have alliances, and so we decided to build. I shall try to make my theatro dis tinctive for good acting to be found In it. There will be no stars, nnd no actress -friends of backers who have to bo taken care of whether they can act or not. And there will be no type actors. -We will nerer Judge an actor's limitations by his success In one role. You know how man agers say "That Is John Drew's part," or. "That la an Ethel Barrymore part," and hire their company accordingly. Well, we sljall never do that. AH of the company will be people who act. I think it was so at the Princess. We tried never to place a square peg In a round hole. I am attempting this new project be cause I fancy It, nnd becauso I feel that there Is room for it. Not many actors would take the trouble, you know. It will be a considerable strain. That la why I have rested all year In the movies. An other reason for my film career Is that I wanted to get some capital, for I don't ex. pect to make much money out of the new proposition. 5 "8 -& jsa $ mk aKtWj,gM who will be livening Ledger Scenario Lessons By HARRY O. HOYT, Head of Metro Scenario Staff. 12 and 13 jomedy Si anc lamcse Iwms Screen Melodrama, of THE "polite" or "drawing room" comedy has for n basis some novol twist In plot or some unusual situation. It rarely re quires any grotesquo "make-up" or extraor dinary stago properties. In tho slapstick comedy we And that melo drama is the basis of the story, and the comedian makes up his character along burlesquo comedy lines. Also wo find quljo often that most elaborate stago sets or "props" aro needed. The difference lies in tho fundamental distinction between the two branches of comedy: . 1. e., tho probability that the comedy might bo true and the certainty, on the other hand, that such situations are impossible and tolerated only becauso of tho clement of humor. In the "polite" comedy there must be an air of realism. The spectators should feel that what they see on tho screen could have happened to them If situations slmlllar to those shown on tho screen had arisen In tholr household. In slapstick tho audience never la supposed to tnke tho situation seriously, nnd Improb abilities are passed over for tho amuse ment afforded. Jlelodrama offers a wide Meld for slap stick comedy. It Is easily burlesqued or "out-mclodramaed," If we may coin a word to express our meaning. iSTho melodrama of yosteryoar, wherein tho villain tics the hero ine to tho saw wheel or drops her In his playful wny from some skyscraper, offers opportunities for excellent comedy. The audience once took these "daring dramas" Berlously nnd hissed the villain roundly. It would bo Impossible to write a play like this today and get away with it. The audlenco would laugh. If your comedian Is obviously a comedian (witness the make-up and walk), you can play such scenes as these In a most serious manner, yet the audlenco feels that It Is a comedy and is both thrilled and pleased. Impossible rescues are made, wild plots aro attempted, and the "suspense" Is the element that carries tho play. Tho biggest successes of the present day In slapstick are melodramatic comedies. The bigger the thrill the bigger the success. Railroad trains In collision, dynamite bombs, aeroplanes meeting In mld-alr, sub marines, daring falls, all are thrown into the melting pot from which come the best slapstick comedies. These elements In the story make for suspense, and your comedy without suspense Is just as bad as your drama without suspense, perhaps even worse. To Illustrate suspense In the slapstick comedy and to show how close to drama It comes, we briefly outlln.o tho plot of a slap stick comedy and of i melodrama. In the comedy the villain plants a bomb in n piano, so that when a certain key is touched, It will, through a connection with a clgnr llghtor, Ignite tho fuso of the bomb nnd blow tho plnno and the person playing It up. Tho bomb Is planted thero for tho purpose of revenge by a man who doslres to kill the owner of the piano. Tho villain Is played "straight," ns ho would bo In a drama. Thero Is no burlesque of tho part From the moment the bomb Is placed tho suspense starts. Several peoplo play tho piano, and wo aro shown "close-ups" of every key striking except tho one con necting with tho bomb. Hero we havo the tnnocont bystander In Imminent danger of being blown up, and It Is comedy. Now consider tho drnma. A villain endeavors to do awny with tho hero. He arranges n 'bomb attached to an alarm clock, with tho clock arranged to oxplodA the bomb at a certain hour, when tho hero will certainly be there. The little daughter of tho hero is the only one near at the hour sot for the oxploslon. Again wo havo tho Innocent bystander In danger, and It Is not comedy. Tho sus pense Is workod up by flashing tho hands of tho clock petting nearer to the appointed hour, and wo look for somo rescue. In tho flrBt example we havo comedy suspense, and In tho Inst wo have dramatic suspense. What Is the difference? Both situations nro worked up without tho slightest trace of comedy, yet one regis ters comedy nnd one docs not. The differ ence Ilea In tho Idea and tho development of tho story Itself, and not in the eplsodo mentioned. You must be ablo to feel what your situa tions will look' like when reproduced on tlie screen. Melodrama to be convincing must bo very real. If It Isn't, you nro quite .likely to havo comedy. Tho line of de marcation Is very fine. Make your plot convincing, nnd tho melo drama will play up In a convincing manner. Make your plot comedy, and you will get a laugh with your melodramatic thrill. There nro times In comedy of the slap stick kind when you are compelled to play certain melodramatic episodes with some decidedly cnmla character because the melodrama Is too real, too' little ot the comedy plot having been given. As a rule, however, if you establish a comedy plot you can use melodrama with out stint. Indeed, to secure the proper thrill. Impossible melodramatic situations nre conceived until It la almost correct to say that nothing Is Impossible, melodrama tically speaking. In comedy. Situations that could never be used In straight melodrnma nro In demand, becauso the very reason they are not useful In melodrama, being too Impossible to be con vincing na a drama, Is the very reason why they aro wanted In slapstick comedy. Suspense should bo worked up gradually In all kinds of comedies. Unlike drama, you cannot allow your Btory to sag In the middle. If you are writing a drama, you can brldgo over a drop In Interest by comedy or by characterization or other elements, but In comedy you have a progres sion of comedy Interest starting from the beginning of the picture nnd culminating at the finish. It is quite permissible to havo Continued on l'aca Two Th G o u n t c r-Pl o t I t's Importance to Films W E havo now seen how dramas and comedies aro doveloped. Wo have paid soino attention to tho various elements In photoplay construction. It will bo ncecs Hary to return to these elements nnd give them our special attention In some future articles, particularly the Interrelation of one element to another. All this sounds rnther dllllcult, but, ns a matter of fact, photoplay writing Is n simple, a more or less mechanical operation, If you havo tho ability to conceive strong dramatic situations and to handle charac ters. In order to write a play for the spoken stage, It Is necessary to understand play writing. In order to write a novol, It Is necossary to know how to write to get tho viewpoint or viewpoints from which your story Is to be told. In order to write a scenario. It Is necessary to know how to lay out a story In scenes. In order to lay a Btory out In scenes you approach nearer to tho stago form than to any other kind of literary composition. On the stage you have from one to flvo acts, which usually means from one to five scenes. All your action takes place In these scones, although the characters may tell In dlaloguo many things which occurred off scene or which have happened years be fore. In tho photoplay we are ablo to show theso scenes; hence, Instead of three or four acts and as many scenes, wo get four or flvo reels, wjth perhaps BO scenes to tho reel. The whole objoct of photoplny writing Is to place your action to toll your story In Bccnes, In order to tell It In scenes it la necessary to nr.nlyze your plot, to treat It mechanically, for It must bo subdivided into scenes, and hence requires mechanical treatment. To bo able to perform these mechanical operations without destroying tho beauty or tho strength of your drama Is the dllll culty which besets you In attempting scen ario writing. As photoplays have Improved nnd the art has. grown, It has been found by direc tors and writers that certain words and phrases which they employ easily express and convey certain thoughts-, hence, they are used, and these are simple, as we havo seen In preceding lessons. Wo have dissected tho photoplay, both comedies and dramas, to discover Just what elements were necessary to make a fin ished photoplay. If we wero to write a play or a novel, wo would find that tho same elements entered Into it. We would havo plot and counterplot. We would have character, atmosphere, suspense, continuity; overythlng that we have In the photoplay. Indeed, If wo wero to study any form of llteraturo, we would be obliged to dis sect It and to discover how It was con structed. The difficulty In photoplay writ- Continued on l'aie Two Vhat Happens from Scenario to Screen The President of the Mutual Describes the Processes and Tells the Cost of Making Film Productions Being portions of an address delivered before the General Federation of Women's Clubs, in Xcu York, bv tho, president of tho Mutual Film Corpora tion. It wilt give scenario writers among Evening Ledger readers some notion of tho processes that lie between the script and tho screen. THE making of a five-reel production which takes about ono hour and a quarter to show Involves vast labor and big expense. Wo must In tho first place nave the studio, a special equipment for lighting, Bcenery and various mechanical accessories. Any studio worthy of the name, today rep resents an Investment of approximately one quarter million dollars. Next wo are concerned with our play, which at this stage wo will call a Bcenarlo, tho working script or skeleton outline of the nhotodrama. as It Is being run Into words by tho author or more properly by a series of authors who havo evolved someboay's plot Into a motion plcturo scennrlo. Tho cost of this scenario completed may total from $600 to $1500 In common practice. According to the requirements of tho scenario a cast must bo chosen, actors and nctresses em ployed and extra people hired. In a produc tion of this character the star will draw a salary of approximately $1000 a week and that this star will be supported by a cast costing perhaps 12000 In addition per week; thnt tho director who has charge of tho production or picture will receive anywhere from 200 to $1200 per week; that the cam eraman who actually takes tho plcturo re ceives $75 to $150 n week. Now we havo our people and our place to worK In. it Is going to take ub a minimum of flvo weeks to make this picture, Meanwhile we nro using the expensive equipment of tho studio nnd perhaps all sorts of accessories and In cidental properties like automobiles, special trains and so forth. Scene by scene a picture Is taken until tho negative Is complete. In the making of a five-reel production which will ulti mately bo shown to you ns 6000 feet a to tal of 10,000 to 40,000 feet of negative will be taken, becauso many scenes nro taken over to get desired effects. In the presence of a conference of the director of the picture, a representative of the executive offlco of tho producing cor poration, probably two men from the scenario department, a cameraman, and In most Instances the star, a first print or positive copy from the negative la projected on the screen for examination. A conference Is held. Various scenes aro eliminated and shortened or modified. Tho titles have to be written, photographed and Inserted. No expense or care is spared. By JOHN R. FREUtER Tho picture 'Is reassembled and It is pro jected nnd screened again before another conference with tho titles In tholr proper places. If It passes this examination the negative Is then cut to conform with tho form and the approved positive print. According to the scope of operations ot tho concern through which tho plcturo la released or through which It Is sold and delivered to tho theatres, a large number of prints are made. In tho Instance of a certain great comedian a total of several hundred prints are made, while on the usual five-reel production It would be fair to Bay that from 30 to CO prints would be mad for releaso In tlio United States. . Each of theso prints will be EOOO feet long and will require many hundreds of dollars' worth of film stock. The making; of these prints involves expensive chemical nnd mechanical processes.' Very largo quantities of chemicals, costing as high as $09 per pound, are used. If our five-reel production Is run into a total of approx imately 50 prints, wo. may say that prob .ably not less than $30,000 and maybe $200, 000 in capital Is tied up In that production. Now tho distributing organization begins lt.3 work. Theso prints must bo shipped to the motion picture exchange from which tho theatres get service. In the case of the) most extensive releasing concern in th United States this means supplying- print! to 08 branch offices or exchanges. Thero aro others nearly as large. From theso ex changes tho positive prints aro distributed to tho theatres which rented or booked thl production. I have not burdenedVou with Continued on Tate Two Making Movies on tne Panama Canal witk the Aid. of Uncle. Sam THERE aro few places In the world that contain so much picturesque history and romance as the Isthmus of Panama, And now there la added to the narrow strip of land connecting North and South America a world-wide Interest in the Panama Canal a feat of engineering that will forever remain a lasting monument to American skill, courage and enterprise. When Rex Beach wrote "The Ne'er-Po-Well." he contributed to English literature the first story written around the Panama Canal. Recently "The Ne'er-Do-Well" was made into a 10-part picture by the Sollg Polyscope Company, of Chicago, producers of "The Spoilers," and In this form wll be seen for the first time in Philadelphia In the Forrest Theatre tomorrow night. Thero will be a symphony orchestra of 2Q pieces, "or one thins; a massive stage setting Mrs. Langtry and That Gogo Sign .. S n. frnn -Boston that Mrs. inKtry. while appearing at Keith's Thea, tre the. w considerably annoyed by a joke that ws perpetrated upon her unwt, t",The semaphore Is In use on Boston streets these days for the purpose of regulating irlma and the FarberSlsters. recently at KelWa here who werTo-n the bill wh Mrs. Langtry conceived tho PO fon of bur, toSulM U. They obtained a long stick and kad s"gns palnte'd reading "Stop and do." These were nailed on opposite sides of M 5SS. When Mis, $??, hp?. Tm &rstus'ttaaKsepehdestr.ans do wjien ,rtSfrl Wry prided the Farber ; Sister. Mrs- MS," BVr,ii. , was presenting the ?;?,., "AsheV," Constance Farber was Practicing with her semaphore in me w.na company of Wg J heM . bwjft he. . , ., . B nw- method of thf .tag? manager 2omwunicat .with luvera without dlsturbln the, aud)nc. th swu around and read' When ,Va,rr was oven more be-. tippy ntu lw J" W" tTttth- representing the Paclflo end of the Canal, which serves as an atmospheric background for tho film; a large crsw of men. back stage, working out sound and voice effects, and, last but not TeaBt, a Hawaiian quartet to sing old Panamanian, Hawaiian and negro melodies. All this entertainment will be In keeping with the spirit of "The Ne'er-Do-Well." which Is a story of the construction of the Panama Canal, and all the scenes of which were actually filmed on the Isthmus and In Central America, A company of several hundred players was transported, at a con siderable expense, to both these locations. Special permission of the United States Gov ernment had to be obtained before anything could be done at Panama. When It was secured, General Goethals, Governor of the Canal Zone, did everything In his power to help the good cause along, As a result, ,.'U A bit ot Bex Btach'a f be Ne'er Do Well" as iwaf visualised on the Panama Canal Zone, gSneerinf structures in the background. Note the $n many striking phases of the construction of the "big ditch" are shown throughout the action of "The Ne'er-Do-Well," the various characters In the play moving about In all the scenea as though they wero an actual part of the work, and not merely puppets who had no business thero at all. Thus Is the entire atmosphere of the picture rendered distinctly natural In violent con trast, for example, to the average photo play, set In artificial surroundings and taken In some studio far removed from the locale supposed to be represented, Incident ally the brilliant tropical sun of the Isthmus Insured perfect light for tho camera and all this was taken due. advantage of, In "The Ne'er-Do-Well" Kathlyn Williams and Wheeler Oakman are supported by many Panamanians and natives of Central America. t Movie Art of the Future The art form toward which moving pic tures seem to be struggling Is a form of suggestive pantomime, Just what type of pantomime this will be we cannot yet say, but It seema fairly certain that It will be on the order of a frank, naturalistic spec tacle, such as "Cabirla." It will not lie in "screen versions" of famous novels or plays, however much this particular kind of fea ture dim may be exploited at the present time; For these "screen yersiqns" are neither more or less than a book or plays, they are essentially different- Moving-picture directors, in their more honest moments, will tell you this. They know only too well that "movie" plays aro not the same In structure or In form as the regular "leglUmate" plays from which they are now so often, taken, "A fair average," a di rector said recently, "Is this: one-third -U taken direct from the original play, one third more Is adapted with considerable alteration, one-third is original created." The emotional appeal of a book or play adapted for the movies Is much weaker than the emotional appeal ot an original "movlo" play. Compare an ordinary short film, written especially for the screen, with the photoplay version of some famous novel which you have not read. On case you have read it. a fair Judgment will ba difficult, becauso associations and memories give tha nun a certain - extrinsic value ) There will be no question the frank "movie" play will b remembered long af ttr the udioua episodic feature, film la for gotten. -Tb New Republic, FLORENCE NASH WAS THE LADY WITH THE LISP Florence Nash promises that she will work without a lisp In the future. To help her keep her word, Willard Mack, tho author of "Pansy's Particular Punch," which Miss Nash will present at B. V. Keith's Theatre next week, has carefully eliminated all words which MJss Nash might find difficult to enunciate. He ha especially tabooed the word "disgusted," whose comedy pronunciation by Miss Nash has caused all preceding writers of her roles to put It Into her dialogue. It will be remembered that Florence Nash's first real hit came when she ap pearcd In The Boys of Company B" as a stammering schoolgirl, who also lisped. The stammer and the lisp pleased hep audi, ence so much, that managers Insisted upon her continuing In this sort of role. Frank; Daniels had a part written In "fillss Hook of Holland" for Florence Nash and her lisp, and again she scored. Then the nian agement of "The Algerian" Insisted tha$ she play a lisping soubrette. She objected, but the director had his way. However, In her next role, that of a manicure girl, In "When Sweet Sixteen," she cut out all tricky speech, and from then on sho dis carded her peculiarities of enunciation and spoke straight English, getting her comedy from slang, Instead of stumbling speech. Talking to Wllard Mack about vaudeville audiences, during a rehearsal of the new sketch. Miss Nash remarked; "Vaudeville Is a great school for actors. In the two-a-day you cannot go out and, eay. 'I will dawdle a bit In this scene and make it up later,' You simply cannot let down for a single minute. You've got to act up to the mark all the time you nre on the stage," To all of which) the dramatist heartily agreed. beaugggggs' SiiHMtW eWpfSPssI kGRENCB NASH tt b4 seen at Kdtlwuext weS; it a piasirt, TSMora jrjjoi 1: Psmeh," - 4 "J