12
Tnfif-'Tinijifl.'iTiMM
EVENING- LBBaBR PHILADELPHIA', THT7BStAY, APRIU 20, 1916.
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en II. It Cents. Chairman ...
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PHILADELPHIA. THURSDAY. APRIL 20, 1916.
Ka cord nor cable cati so forcibly draw, or
hold so fait, a.i iovd can do with a twined
thread, Robert Burton.
THE CRISIS IS UPON US
s
The United Htalra la not nwed ly the
eliadow of "frlghtfulness." Tlie Inetltnlilo
crlaU hue come nnd It finds this nntlon, n
always, standing fnat for rljclit nnd Justice.
TN DECEMBER. 1914, von Tlrpltz gavo to
- the Evknino Iicdoer's correspondent In
Germany ftn oxcluslvo interview, In which
he outlined the program of "rightfulness"
which was to bo pursued by his Government
through the Instrumentality of submarines.
That interview was regarded with lncrodul-
jms
RiP ity by the civilized world, sano men finding
It impossible to believe that tho great Ger
man people, who havo contributed so much
Of value to humanity, would stoop, even In
An extremity, to so murderous a form of
warfare and so treacherous a process of dc
atructlon. In February, 1015, tho German Govern
ment announced its intention of translating
Into fact tho von Tlrpltz proposal. This na
tion straightway entered Its formal protest,
avowing Its Intention to Insist on Its own
rights under" tho recognized principles of in
ternational law, and pointing out that Ger
many could not possibly put Ijor program
into effect without Imminent danger to all
neutrals, and particularly to citizens of the
United States.
The German Government, nevertheless,
persisted in its purpose and sought in May
to palsy neutrals, as well as enemies, by one
ict of- a particularly horrible and staggering
character. More than one hundred Ameri
cans were murdered when tho Lusltanla went
down, murdered with premeditation, and it
became Instantly apparent that our Govern,
ment must act to provent a repetition of
such, deeds, or, surrendering the proud privi
lege of protecting Its citizens, acknowledge
Its humiliation to the world and wallow in
a peace revolting to all men in whom there
lived a sense of national honor or Individual
self-respect.
Subsequent negotiations developed an ap
parent willingness on Germany's part to
acknowledge her criminality by half-hearted
reparation. But while writing eloquent notes
to ease the Just indignation of tho United
States, she persisted in a scries of new crimes,
lesser in degree but equally indefensible in
principle, on the high seas. To this she
added a propaganda within the very terri
tory of the United States, a propaganda de
vised to capitalize our democratic Institutions
for the benefit of Kalserlsm and pauperlzo
the national honor by inspiring a political
division which would paralyze executive di
rection. Kalserlsm, Indeed, thrust its Insidi
ous sophistry Into tho very halls of Congress.
It had already corrupted the mental processes
of an American Secretary of State, who,
either through Ignorance or In an orgy of
pacifism, Inspired or permitted an under
ground message to Berlin to the effect that
the United States did not mean what it said
and was protesting against ocean vandalism
merely as a matter of form.
In the months that, have passed outrage has
Mcceeded outrage. Murder has been piled on
murder, and no American has traveled great
areas of the sea, even in neutral ships bound
for neutral ports, without peril to his life.
Excuses, which it Is impossible to believe
were made in good faith, have come to us from
Berlin. Diplomatic intercourse has been char
acterized by subterfuges of all sorts, until
Anally the: American Government has found
It necessary, reluctantly, virtually to accuse
a, great nation of bad faith and deliberate at-
. to falsify the record.
That a showdown would come at last was
W :, iivl table as the setting of the sun. It has
aewe. The crisis, not of our making, Is upon
us, and let none be so foolish as to underrate
ft gravity. Not in Its existence has a situation
of greater potential danger faced this mighty
democracy. '
1TS1ERE are men, thousands of them, who
enamored of the peace we enjoy,
Yfyey have weltered in easy prosperity and
thy dread a disturbance of It.
Ttwrp are men, thousands of them, who aver
that Si were better for us to yield, better for
m to permit Germany to pursue without let
r Sdwlrancu her policy of "frlghtfulness,"
tiisu for this nation tO' vindicate its rights, or
art-tii ; tu approach a situation where such vis-
f tMmtfem sstebt Wwoae eary.
fci 3t- " .... I
.-WaxBfctUttuuivc uwg, so attnev J
Intellectually, to war thai their feet shiver
at the mention of it
There are men, thousands of them, who
declare that the nation does' not want war,
that it should tolerate any humiliation rather
than enter war, and that no war Is cxcusablo
unless It la demanded by a virtually un
animous public sentiment.
To such men we say that a people tainted
with poltroonery, a people deaf to the call of
national honor, Is a people deserving of the
slavery they would embrace. If a majority
of tho people are not In favor of tho course
tho Government has taken finally, It Is high
tfme that they be taught through the press
the elements of patriotism. If they are so
Ignorant that they do not know when they are
insulted, their let them bo Instructed. If tho
country Is not ready, worse coming to worst,
' to go to war, then Providence help the country,
for It ha8 not within Itself tho power to savo
Mtself.
WD SPEAK of war as a possibility, becauso
It Is time for tho nation to bo considering
so gravo an outcome. Wo nro still hopeful
that common senso will assert Itself In Berlin.
Wo aro still hopeful that the Kaiser will seo
the Inadvisablltty of adding to his enemies the
richest nation on earth, richest not only In
motley but also In productive capacity, a
nntlon cnpablo of assuring the Allies on over
powering superiority In metal And all the Im
plements of warfare.
But wo do not dccclvo ourselves. If Ber
lin permits a final break to como It will bo
becauso she Is determined to continue her
submarine campaign to tho bitter end. That
would mean tho destruction of moro Amer
ican lives, the piling up of Injuries in tho
presence of which wo could not bo quiescent.
Nor would wo wish to bo. Having embarked
on tho vindication of our rights, wo have
crossed tho Rubicon. Tho Administration
must hereafter pursuo Its set policy with
vigor and the American public would coun
tenance no hesitancy. A break, therefore
would bring war measurably near. But war
would not call for American troops on Euro
pean battlefields. Our productivo resourebs,
If thrown Into tho arena, would bo sufllclcnt
to decldo tho Issue. If our Ambassador leaves
Borlln, the Gorman cause- Is lost nnd lost abso
lutely. Indeed, it is no secret that many of
our directing statesmen believe that active
support of the Allies would be a distinct serv
ice, to humanity In that It would bring a com
paratively quick termination of tho conflict.
fTlEIE duty of all good citizens Is plain. Thcro
-ls cause for a great soberness, but there Is
no cause for Intense excitement. They must
put their faith In their Government nnd re
solve firmly to stand back of that Govern
ment In whatever course It may find It nec
essary to pursuo. They must avoid encourag
ing wild criticism or any attempt, mado In
the name of peace, to undermlno tho strength
of the Government. They must, In a word, bo
Americans through and through, from too to
eye, resolved. If need be, to demonstrato onco
and for all that this fs In fact a nation, tiio
guardian ullko of democratic institutions and
of human liberty.
All of ua can and need bo dedicated to but
ono cause, and that Is tho national cause. Nor
need we bo misled by players-wlth-words who
talk of Germany's right to do as sho pleases.
The activity of the U-boats Is not a debatable.
Issue. We have decided that they aro out
laws. It remains simply for us to write that
decision so Indelibly on tho human mind that
never again will any nation dare to gain
say it.
Mr. Roosevelt probably fears nobody at all,
but he undoubtedly takes hfs own part.
Maybe General Villa lost his mustache In
ono of those close shaves he experienced In
the early part of the chase.
Strange that no belligerent has thought of
turning loose on Its enemies Its own patent
medicine manufacturers!
The announcements of England's impending
spring drive are getting to be as regular as
the annual failure of the peach crop.
The Mayor is going to keep the police out
of politics, as any policeman who works
against the Varea will quickly discover.
The Austrlans are Bald to be fighting the
Italians by launching avalanches at them.
Certainly this is frlghtfulness on a large
scale.
The recent campaign In Poland -was valuable
training for the linotype operators who are
now setting up stories from Custhulrlachtc,
Mexico. '
If many more of those pretty' American
nurses on the other side marry British sol
diers, a new question about our neutrality will
be raised.
"We'll never be ruled by police clubs!" cried
a leader at a political club meeting. It is
Just as bad, in the long run, to be ruled by
political clubs.
John Hays Hammond, Jr., is lauded for his
patriotism in turning over to the Government
his 12S torpedo patents. But who wouldn't be
a patriot for $750,000?
-j '
Anyhow, men are not appointed to office
until after they have been released from Jail.
We do not actually have to go into the peni
tentiary to get, our publio servants.
The President's talk to Congress yesterday
would never have been necessary It Mr, Bryan
had not Inspired Berlin and Vienna with the
belief that the United States was only bluf
fing. It may be that Mr. Bryan thought he
was performing a great service for his coun
try, but well-intentioned splnelessness is the
greatest little trouble-maker in the world.
Not even war can survive unpopularity, and
proofs multiply that all of the nations of
Europe are weary of the blood-drain. Men
light for life, but their countries have mort
gaged them to death. Not In centuries has
the sun looked down on a world which ought
to be so ashamed of lUelf, or on nations which
have sacrificed so touch so heroically.,
Tom Daly's Column
McAronl Ballads
LIX
DA XOTV TO DA. DQOTOIU
Qood-byl 1 nolta mobe agen,
Hatcause dese Dootcha flghlin' mch
Mak' Mccstcr 1Vcrlon vena soro
An' cvra wan exctte', so den
Firs' tlieeng you know toe go to war
An' so 1 potta move once more.
Vaycauie for dese same Dootch, you sec,
1 move M' year from Xfapoll,
An' here ecu decs so peaceful Ian'
I theenk how happy 1 xcccll be,
But now ccs com' decs fightln' man
An' bust to hat my lectta plan.
But xehcrc, 01 where, tgona got
Ahl Dlo' ml'l 1 don'ta know,
Exccn' where Irish bossa meant,
Wen I would xoork for heem too stow,
An' he would say: "You should bo sent
Where Batan cei da President I
i
Let us consider how great a commodity
of doctrlno exists In books, how easily, how
safely, how secretly they expose the naked
Hess of human Ignorance without putting It
-vto shame. These ato tho masters who In
struct us without rods or ferules, without
hard words anil nnger, without clothes or
money. If ou nppronch them they nrc not
nslecp; If lncstlgatlng jou Interrogate them,
they conceal nothing; If you inlstnko them,
they never grumble: If you are Ignorant, they
cannot laugh at j on.
Isn't tho abovo a flno thought, nnd well ex
pressed? It tns written by Illchnrd do Bury
In 1281. I look on Tom Daly's column In
much tho samo light. MoTAVISH.
I.osh. man McTnvIsh, It salr becomes a dour
Scot to bo trafficking wl' sic blarney o' tho
Irish.
DOMESTIC DIST1CIIS
At bringing up tho coal my wlfo's tho worst!
Helpless? I hnvo to light her candle first!
Sumner V. Mann.
HERE'S tho other sldo of that wintry pic
ture wo showed yesterday:
As I told ou yesterday, I have to do an
awful lot of thing before I go to Bleep at
night and the missus doesn't do a thing but,
me lnd that's not the end of the story. No,
Indeed' for home tlmo around about 6 o'clock
tho next morning, before the sun Is up, and
when It's cold ns cold i.in be, a small olca
comes gurgling through tho door, gcntlo and
sweet at first, but growing louder nnd more
Insistent eery moment, till It wakes me up;
and then, or very soon after then, t hear
some ono closing the windows nearby and
then some farther away and I hear scronms
of Joy from tho next room and they grow
fainter and fainter ns tho screamers aro
carried away And then I know some one Is
lighting the wood lire In tho nursery, taking
off two small nightgowns and putting on
warm clothes nnd wrappers nnd warming a
lot of llttlo toes before tho blazing logs, and
hunting blocks and toys, and tnking some
graham crackers fiom a box in tho closet
which will bo enough till tho nurse come3
nnd but 1 don't know anything moro for an
other hour or two, for I'o gone to sleep
again nnd it s.eems a long time before borne
one tells me that It Is time to get up.
II. H. II.
CLERK Younc lnily. 80(1 by fins bv (ISO. nccu
rnte. loKlblo llBUrer, wanted for permanent posi
tion; uniuer In own liamlurltlns. aubmlttlne
tho work for above problem: etnte bko nnd
buslnens nunllflratlonx: also nearest telephone)
number Classified Ad.
Why should Messrs. Barnum & Bnlloy nd
vcitisc from n box number and what addi
tional nlues would ago, handwriting nnd
business experience bo to ono so manelously
endowed otherwise?" H. D. K.
The Anagram Contest
vrnHESE two good ones "Arrived at tho
X eleventh hour: v
T. It. AND G. O. P. AT FORE. YOU KEN
AWARD.
T. It. A STIFF? YES.
Bunty.
Yesterday's:
Can test hat on a germ Tho Anatram Contest.
The winner will bo announced tomorrow.
Wl
E ARE cowardly: wo admit it. Tho
other day a lady sont us her book of
verse and wo, In acknowledging tho receipt of
It, hemmed nnd hawed nnd gavo tho impres
sion without saying it in so many words
that wo wero delighted with her work, when
we were not. It's a weak imitation of Willie
Yeats, who though a poet Is tho weakest
Irish strong man we know. Hairy-chested
men nlways, of their nature, had tired; and
others aro now beginning to tiro of tho palo
pagan plfllo Yeats and his school havo been
offering to a public which has been looking
at Ireland through the glasses of German
commentators.
Also, tho lady Is guilty of rhymes Hko this:
"divine" and "time," and "earth" and "breath."
Now, If wo were to mention her name and
her book wo'd be ungallant, but somebody
ought to do something about it. We're too
cowardly.
At tho celebration of "Humane Sunday" in
Independence Square, Mrs. Margaret M. Hal
vey has some thought of planting there a
horse chestnut, n dog wood and a pussy wil
low. Has any ono else any anlmalverslona'
to make?
'Typoeraphlcal error for animadversions.
Oddities of Chinese Literaturo
By Tint A. Llnsr
IN PRESENTING a few of the more striking
conceits from the Chinese it may be neces
sary to remind our reader (or, if we have more
than one, readers) of the Chinese, tendency to
arrange both his thoughts and actions In an
order exactly the reverse of that to which
occidentals are accustomed.
The Chinaman, for example, pays his phy
sician while he remains well; when he becomes
HI the fees cease. The rich Chinaman, when
buying an automobile, insists on getting with
It a Bet of wornout tires, which he exchanges,
as occasion demands, for new ones.
So, too, the Chinese clerk, or mechanic,
pays his board to himself, and requires the
landlady to eat the food, etc., etc., etc
- Let us illustrate this puzzling tendency with
the following dialogue, selected from the con
temporary Pekln comedy, "Why Chickens Do
Not Eat Mice."
Scene. A road near Foo-Chow. .
Time. Evening.
Enter Moo, a lamplighter, who, as It is
getting dark. Is going his .rounds putting out
the lights. He meets LI, his friend, and as
they rapidly move away from each other the
following colloquy ensues:"
Moo "Goodby."
LI "Goodby yoursalf."
Moo "How is your reverend and Celestial
mother-in-law?",
LI "You are entirely mistaken; I got this
black eye by bumping into a door in the
middle of the day."
Moo "Did you get nice presents when
you, were arrested?"
LI ?Yes; my wife gave me a hair-net,"
Moo-r-"I sea they are disbanding the
army."
LI "Yes; we must be going to have a
war"
Moo "Well, I must b coming now. S4
hello." ,
U "Hello."
THE
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IF AMERICA REFUSES
TO SPEAK TO BERLIN
The Actual Fncts and the Moral
Effects of a Diplomatic Break.
Chances of War and Pros
pects of Peace
THE human lace Is so perversely consti
tuted that whenever two members of It
have most to say to each other ono say.s that
ho or sho will never speak to tho other again.
In tho ngony of silence- which follows nccl
dontnl misfortunes nro magnified or miscon
strued Into dollbcrato Insult and tho pent-up
unhapplncss of cither antagonist corrodes tho
spirit. As the tlmo goes on tho oilglnal causo
of tho quarrel Is forgotten, Is burled under ac
cumulating nnnoyancos. Sometimes there Is
n reconciliation, sometimes open battle. Much
Is always lost, and oven after tho matter Is
settled thero lemalns a feeling of bitterness
und resentment.
For nearly a year tho United States and
Germany havo been living in a stnto of very
unstable equilibrium. Four or flvo times wo
havo had "I'll never speak to you again" on
the tip of our tongue, but tho only man who
could say tho words has been silent. Ho knew
that wo had too much to say, that wo must
keep up tho pictonso of courtesy on tho
chanco that wo might tcstoro the basis of
friendship. Ho know that onco wo closed
Germany's mouth wo might havo to deal with
hor fist. Ho knew that tho family of nations
Is Hko tho family of men and women. When
tho grown-ups stop talking tho llttlo ones suf
fer, nnd theto nro many llttlo ones In tho
world-family Just now. Whon thero aro step
children tho situation Is unbearably hard, nnd
thoro aro many stepchildren of Germany In
this country today. What will happen?
It Is at least reassuring to know that war
Isn't Inovltablo by tho lules of tho game. Peru
and Chllo aro not ut war today, but thero aro
no diplomatic lepresentatlves of ono country
nt tho other. When the Ill-fated Maximilian
was shot in Mexico Austria cut Mexico from
its official visiting list, and no cards were sont
for thirty years. Great Britain nnd Venez
uela broke off diplomatic coi respondonco for
ton years without serious results. Germany
herself has no ambassador in Romo nnd re
ceives none from Italy, but tho two nations
aro not at war.
Packed Trunks
In tho last case tho reason is that each coun
try holds valuable property in tho other and
does not want that property forfeited or se
questrated. In the United States there would
bo no such danger, becauso a break would not
suspend treaty obligations, and since 1828 tho
United States and Germany have bound them
selves to respect privato property in case of
war. Only the great fleot of Hamburg-American
and other German liners, lying interned
at Hoboken or Newport News, would ho
snapped up by this Government. Even then
wo should have to return them when the war
ends.
Johann von Bernstorff, tho optimistic and
exceedingly clever diplomat, would leave
Washington, would leavo It poorer by one far
sighed and earnest worker for German-American
amity. He, like Count Ltchnowsky,
might weep as he left the country to which
he was accredited. Lichnowsky told Germany
that England could not fight. Perhaps Bern
storff told Germany that .America would never
send him home. From Berlin Ambassador
James W. Gerard would return to this coun
try. A number of Americans might follow
him; few Germans would leave this country.
Business, what there Is of It, would continue
betrween the two countries. Not a gun would
be fired, unless rioting broke out in either
country. Here the impetus toward higher
preparedness would be very great and the
hunt for Villa would be hastened by every
possible means. For a time we would all scan
the headlines a little closer to see what the
U-boats were doing.
What Moral Force Might Do
There's the rub! If Germany Is so Intent
upon her submarine policy that she was will
ing to risk a break with us on account of It,
will she surrender the precious weapon after
the break has come? If she would, then the
loss to the United States; would be more than
compensated by the gain to the world. We
would have shown then that a moral force,
unsupported for the most part by great arms,
can in the course of time prevail. But If an
other "misapprehension" occurred, if another
"mine layer" turned out to be a, Sussex or a
GulfUght, what would happen then? We could
ask no explanations, because we should have
no one to ask. We could not refuse to act,
because the Implications of a diplomatic rup
ture are that any offense after it must be fol
lowed by war. There would be only one thing
to do the very last thing America wants to
do, the very thing wo have so desperately
avoided so far. Wo should have to go to war
with Germany. Qur country would bo ugly
with concentration camps. Our fellow citizens
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would be objects of suspicion. Our army and
navy, wo can bo sure, would do their utmost.
But If wo nro compelled to look forward
to tho awful prospect of war, thoro aro thoso
In Europo who look to tho aamo act of ours
for tho beginning of pence. Thero nro two
Important neutrals In southern, and thoro nro
Holland nnd tho Scandinavian countries In
northern, Europo. Moro than ono of theso
nations would be willing to enter tho war If
thoy could pick tho winner. They aro watch
ing Verdun and thoy aio watching tho fluc
tuations In tho mark, pound and franc. They
aro watching tho gicatcst of all neutral
nations. Even If wo stop speaking to Ger
many they will bo affected. If wo should go
In with Fiance and Britain and Russia, somo
of them might positively hutt themselves In
their hurry to Join.
Germany knows tho dangers, but sho is
persuaded that tho submarino Is her only
chanco against Great Britain, and sho will do
somo careful weighing beforo her last decision
Is mado. Sho will count tho chances of Ruma
nia suddenly Joining her borders to thoso of
Russia nnd Greece. Sho will seo Holland
closing her frontier" tho possibilities aro end
less. And If thcro aio any statesmen left In
Germany who look boyond tho event to tho
future they will turn their eyes back to
America.
Pity and Regret
Whether wo enter tho war or lcmnln neu
tral, whether Geimnny wins or tho Allies, If
friendly telntlons between the gieat cmplro
and the great lopubllc are broken off tho
peace which will como will bo dlsastious to
Germany. FInanco breaks down many bar
riers and tho chanco of a halfpenny gnin oblit
erates many old feuds, but It will bo many
years beforo German marks will bo preferred
to French francs or Hnmburg bottoms to Llv
oi pool. After tho war Germany plans a great
commerco union. Will she caro to see her
halfbllllon annual trade with this country
diverted to tho rival alllanco of Franco and
Great Britain and Russia? "Will she bo con
tent to wnlvo tho spiritual allegiance of sev
einl million cmlgiants from her shores to
this?
It Is strange that after all the hatred which
Germany has Inspired our last sentiment
should bo ono of pity nnd regret. Sho has
dono us a grievous, an Intolerable wrong, and
It 13 Impossible for us to contlnuo our tela
tlons unless a new basis Is found for them.
But wo aro sorry, dreadfully sorry. A mother
who Is forced to dlvorco her husband for the
sake of hor children may allow herself a
laijt look backward to the time of peace and
happiness. She may Indulge herself a moment
Jn the luxury of l egret, and If her heart is big
Bho may pity. And we pity Germany, too,
becauso sho could have been so great and
has been so wild. Wo pity her that sho
should be so misled. And a misgiving ob to
tho futuro of humanity creeps In as wo faco
the most fateful year of our Independent
oxlstence. a. V. S.
PRIVILEGES OP SPIES
Jn The Hague convention a spy Is defined as
a person who, acting clandestinely or on false
pretenses, obtains or seeks to obtain Informa
tion in the zone of operations of a belligerent
with the intention of communicating It to the
hostile party. Soldiers not In disguise who
have penetrated Into the zone of operations of
a hostile army to obtain Information are not
considered spies, nor are soldiers or civilians
carrying out their mission openly, as, for exam
ple, in the carrying of dispatches. A spy taken
In the act cannot be punished without previous
trial. A spy who after rejoining the army to
which he belongs is subsequently captured is
treated as a prisoner of war and not as a
spy. Service as a spy Is voluntary and can
not be compelled.
BEAUTY AND BRAINS
Mary Plckford Is said to have signed a con
tract for a salary of $500,000 a year. A period
which rewards, the beauty of Miss Plckford at
figures so well above the price paid for the
brains of Abraham Lincoln Is one in which a
celebration of the birthday of Curly Locks would
be responded to more generally than the Shake
speare tercentenary. Louisville Courier
Journal. NATIONAL POINT OP VIEW
It Is rumored that Hobson may be the Prohibi
tion candidate for President. No objection out
here. He might beat Eugene Debs at the polls.
Albuquerque Morning Journal,
What co-operation toward better' farming has
really needed has been for the city man to find
out what his part of the Job was and offer
practical service Instead of condescending ad
vice. St. Louis Republic,
The outcry that preparedness Is made an Is
sue because some one wants to make money
is moonshine, an Insult to the Intelligence of
the American people and most of those who
are howling "graft" know that this Is bo. De
troit Free Press.
THE SEEING EYE
A curve in the road and a hillside
Clear cut against the sky;
A tall tree, tossed by the autumn wind,
And a white cloud riding high;
Ten men went along that road;
And all but one passed by.
He saw the hill and the tree and the cloud.
With an artist's mind and eye;
And he put them down on canvas
For the otljer nine men to buy.
Margaret L- Farrand, in the Independent,
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Kr-vn.-i!r!U"
- 'Ha irf'plws.ii , . fiu rvSllj3utn-vVi'Jntas
i.Tsrr" - J '" ' . m.vmhSkmw -' -"an.', , irt--
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...'"'' i iwM.rhJtr 2:iL Lfc'nj-.ie.f. ..:-.,.. ' "-
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What Do You Know?
Queries of general interest will be answered ,
In this cblumn. Ten questions, tho answers ,
fo which every u,cll-informcd person should t,
know, arc asked dally.
QUIZ
1. Glc n good jlrflnltlon of "ultimatum" In ,,
nliotit SO words.
2. tt'lint la tho mcnnlnfr of "horse power"? .,
3. What Is nn ex post facto law?
4. What do wo mean when wo nay on actor
"walk tlirounh his pnrt"?
fi. What Ktuto In tlio Union tim named for a
l'rcndi Klnif?
fl. mint was tlio orlcln of "Poor ltlehard"?
7. In what book In tho character of Sam
IVellcr? ,
8. Who commanded tho two opposing nrmlea at
OeltjsburB?
0. Where U Trrlilzond?
10. What U tho order o? precedence of the mar-
iliilses, vlMcounts, dukes, b'arons and earl
In KiiRlnnd?
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz
1. Tho Duma Is the ConnresB or Parliament
of lliiHHla.
3. Mercury, Venim, the Knrth, Mars, Jupiter,
hnturn, Uranus nnd Neptune.
3. t'onneittcut In the "Nutmeg State."
4. Constantino wn the first Itomnn Emperor
to embrace Christianity.
B. The gold Is heat lest, of the three, and the
lend Is heavier than the Iron.
0. Tho "humidity" Is the moisture In n slven
quantity of ulr expressed In percentage.
7. The umit as u weight of precious stif'ea la
three und one-sixth grains Troy. F l
ulso used to express the proporl Pes
gold In nn alloy, 24 carat being 100 per
ent. gold.
8. Mr Wnltcr Scott wrote "Ivnnhoe."
0. Tho Vlie President Is addressed In tho Senw
uto ns "Mr. President," being president of
the Senate. J
10. The mammoth was the woolly elephant, the
best I.nuwn of fossil elephants, nnd one of '
the most recently extinct.
Film Companies
lUlltor of "What Do You Know" I should ,
like to know if thci IS any other film company i
that produces Its fhms In Philadelphia except
the Lubln company. P. R.
The Liberty company was In business here
until Us recent fire, but now the Lubln com
pony Is tho only ono producing.
Origin of Pawnbrokers' Sign
VMtor f "What Do You Know" Will you
kindly publish for me a statement of tho origin
of tho three gilded balls used as a sign by
pawnbrokers? D. F. Id
Tho Lombards wero the first moneylenders In,' ..
England, and those who borrowed money of
tbtm deposited some tecurlty, or pawn. Tho "
Medici fnmlly, whose arms were three gilded
pills, in allusion to their profession of medicine, '
were the richest merchants of Florence and the
greatest moneylenders. This Is one version. SJ
Another Is that Averardo do Medici, a com-
niander under Charlemagne, slew the giant Mu
gello, whose club he bore as a trophy. This
club, or mace, had three Iron balls, which the
family adopted ns Its device. As the Lombards
came from a part of Italy which the Medlcls
dominated It was natural that they should take
the arms of the greatest moneylenders of Italy
for their symbol.
Similar Cases '
ndltor of "What Do You Know" -Your corre-
spo'ndent "Bates" should have the moral of the j
"Eohlppus" rhymes. The other animals all lauuh '2
nt thn llttlA fpllnw for nsnlrlnf? to he n. hnrsA T
ana clinch It with the argument that he'd have
to change his nature.
They considered him disposed of,
And retired with gait serene;
That was the way they argued
In the "early Eocene."
Mrs. Gil man goes on to show that the Eanew
argument was used against the Neolithic man
when he talked about becoming civilized. Have (
we not heard It when disarmament Is suggested?
Mrs. Oilman calls her lines "Similar Cases." "
Ex pede Herculem! JAMES MONAGHAN. f
Knute Nelson's Career
Editor of "ll'ftat Do You Know" Can you ;
tell me If Senator Nelson, of Minnesota, waa A
born in this country or abroad and if he fought jf'lM
in our Civil War? H. H. G.
Knute "Nelson was born In Norway In 1813. v ''
and came to this country In 1849, He was a v (
private and noncommissioned officer in the tth -;.'
Wisconsin Regiment In the Civil War ond was a rji
wounded and taken prisoner at Port "Hudson, ,j IV
La., In 1883.
"Shine Kindly Here" V
Editor of "What Da You Know" Last Sun- '
lay one Congressman closed a memorial addressjr- -)
In the House of Representatives on the deaw f
of another Congressman with these lines; -. ',.
Warm Southern sun, shine kindly here; 5
Warm Southern wind, blow softly here; "r H
Green sod above, He light, lie l!ght '1
Good night, dear heart, good night, good night, 31
Can you tell me who wrote them? I should A
linn lika tct cat the. whole nnem. rtttATVTCT ? f
Will some other reader help this correspondent
to And (he poem in questibnT
Robbing Peter to Pay Paul
Editor of "What Do You Know" What Is the
origin of the old saying about robbing Peter to
pay Paul? l T U. O.
Tt Is mmmonlv Bunnosed that the B.ivlmr nrfo-.
inated In the middle of the 18th century, during ?'
the reign of Edward VI of England, wheji the J-i
lands of St, Peters, at Westminster, were ap; r
proprlated to raise money lor tbe repair of Skj
l'auis unurcn, in wmaon.
How Long; Is a Cubit 7
Editor of "What Do Yoy Know" WW you
please tell me the equivalent in modern meaa.
urement of the cubit? It, H 3.
Tlje Grecian cubit was 1 foot 6 inches. Tha
Roman cubit was 1 foot S 3-3 inches.
i
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