IgVBffllftq LEDGER PHILADELPHIA, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 19, 1916.
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PHILADELPHIA, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 19, 191 J.
Bft the rude bridge that arched tha flood,
Thcir flap to April' breeze unfurled,
Sere once tha cmbattl'd farmers stood,
And flred tha shot heard 'round the world.
Emerson,
BE AMERICANS THIS DAY
rpHE breaking point In the relations between
-tho United States and Germany has been
reached. Fulfilling his promlso mado when
the Qoro and ItcLcmoro resolutions wero bc-
f fore Congress, tho President has summoned
both Houses, to put before them tho condl-
tiMt ' of tho country. Tho session of Con-
i. ''tten of tho country. This momentous meot-
. r jJjCongrcs3 falls on tho ono hundred and
:r" ftwWRrel anniversary of the battlo of Lex-
v 'ington,
There Is no room for panic and no room
for politics In tho narrow placo Into which
this country has been forced. It Is not nec
essary to Insist that what Is happening today
should havo happened eleven months ago.
It la not Important to point out what others
might havo dono In tho President's placo.
Ar terrible decision lies before tho country,
a decision which men havo foreseon but for
tho consequences of which they nro not pre
xpared. Between looking backward to tho
light of Lexington' and forward into tho lit
penetrablo dark, thero Is no time for criticism
to corrupt tho unity of tho nation.
Congress meets today for a stern nnd sim
ple purpose. It Is to reaffirm, at whatever
cost the Independence of this country. TJio
shot flred by tho embattled farmers at Lex-
. "Jngton was heard fround tho world, but Ger-
'.4i many has grown deaf with tho thunder of
her own guns, and Congross must make her
listen again. Behind every violation of hu
man lights, behind every pledge mado to this
country and broken, lies Germany's refusal,
to recognize tho United States aB an Inde
pendent nation, entitled to Its placo and its
privilege among tho nations of tho earth.
'Exactly what tho President has to tell Con
gress la not known, but tho assumption Is
that he will deal with tho entire submarine
controversy, tho repudiation of pledges and
tho advisability of breaking off diplomatic
negotiations. But no matter what tho form
is, the question will be whether tho United
States shall continue a frco nation or shall
subject itself to tho imperial will of Germany.
No two op!ri"-n can exist. Congress and
the-pcople must stand, without fear and with
out equivocation, behind tho President, be
cause if they desert him they will havo no
free country to call their own.
So much of the fundamental Jssuo must bo
understood before the gravity of the Issue be
fore Congress can be realized.
Lexington was tho beginning of a war.
Whatever action la taken on Its anniversary
must have the same purpose and tho same
ideal, even if another war comes as a result.
If -war does come It will not be because we
have, willed it. We have not even willed that
negotiations with Germany sho.uld cease. Wo
have strained every point, have carried
patience to tho verge of humiliation, in order
to avoid this day. Germany has forced every
Issue. Germany must abide by this one.
The history of our relations wjth Germany,
Inpe the war broke out, is a history of rnur
dr and falsehood on one side, of desperate
clinging to tha hope of humanity on the other.
It is more than a year Blnce the first Amer
ican life was lost through a Bubmarine attack.
It ia nearly a year since the first American
steamer was sunk. It Is eleven months since
the foulest crime of modern civilization was
plotted, and planned and executed by the Ger
man Government. It la bIx months since the
German Government gave Its solemn oath that
j-.tballvaa of neutrals should be safeguarded on
Mai Mgh seas. It is not necessary to rehearse
ta 4eta.ll the outrages which have since been
ySfSttrsteaV The case of humanity against
atnHanjriaJtiie concern of the United States
nly where the interest of civilization and
tho Interests of this country coincide. Other
countries havo suffered." The United States,
becausa ft was strong enough to protest, has
akma been humiliated.
K3i humiliation we have suffered Germany
K dared tovWt upon us because she did
t ktUwe that today would come. She, has
priwsa every diplomatic word to preserve
w out she naa used every murderous deed
to Pgvoko war because she thought that war
Wlf net be waged by ua. Her murder of'
jpBMrtaw lien could gerhapa have been
jmwm y tBgnnically or diplomatically,
fjft wW conflow ti oaatempt fr
rt hfifwowu fti tm taokf a faith.
gi. BuuniijMjt wwdjl twowfM .fpoftuiW toftus. i
not only for tho Lusltanla but particularly for
tho repudiation of the Arabic. Tho loss of US
Americans on tho Lusltanla was a wild crime,
but It Is a small thing In comparison with tho
loss of American independence.
Congress and tho American people must
atone today for tho crlmo of Indifference
which they havo committed. For many
months Germany has been persuaded thai tho
United Slates was not Utnlly Interested In
the campaign of rightfulness, that politics
and personalities had so riddled tjio country
ns to prevent unity In feeling or decision In
action, That Illusion must bo destroyed be
fore the greater German Illusion1', of her own
destiny, Can be attacked, Tho United States
lias to meet today tho driving Will of nn em
plro united in a strugglo for life. It has no
external unity to gtvo tho appearance of
strength, no bureaucracy to terrify tho alien,'
no Emperor to domlnato Its councils and to
speak to the rest of the world. That Is why
the United States must find nn Internal unity.
Today, boforo tho hour la struck, It must
summon Itself to tho great test. It must loo'k
back Into Its history nnd dotermlno whether
Its freedom was worth tho prlco paid at
Lexington,
If tho Indepondonco of tho United States
was worth buying In blood on tho field of
Lexington and nt tho bridgehead of Concord,
It Is worth preserving today. It Is worth pre
serving for h. united people, for a peoplo stand
ing with their President and upholding his
hands.
And, God helping us, wo will preserve It.
Villa may bo only playing 'possum.
Tho man who described Peck's bad boy Is,
dead, but tho boy survives under a thousand
other mimes.
If General du Pont Bhodld bo nominated,
lack of fireworks In tho campaign would not
bo duo to his Inability to provldo them.
British pi ldo managed to withstand tho blow
of a withdrawal from the Dardanelles. But,
then, tho heir to tho British throno was not
directing tho woik.
Now that tho 800 razormakors havo had
their wages Increased they may bo ablo to
mako a blado sharp enough for tho uscof tho
factional halrBplltters In Pennsylvania poll
tics. Tho Ford peace delegates have given up
trying to get tho boys out of tho trenchos
and nro now seeking to get Belgium, Serbia
and Montenegro away from tho Teutonic
Allies.
Slogan of tho Taft Republicans "Hughes
or bust!" Brooklyn Eagle.
As thoy carried only two States In 1012, they
would not mako a very big nolso if thoy
should bust.
Is this report that the Mayor was pulling
wires six months boforo his nomination In
tended to creato the Impression that ho really
had something to do with his selection aslils
party's candidate?
Tho aviators of tho Allies havo taken a les
son from tho German book. Thoy aro assum
ing that tho minarets of Constantinople aro
military observatories and are dropping bombs
on them, to tho scandal and consternation of
tho Mussulmans.
The millionaires around Rlttcnhouso Square
havo no monopoly on spring blossoms. Tho
humblest two-story house can bo mado n
thing of beauty at this season by putting
flower boxes on the window sills, to tho delight
of tho peoplo Inside and to tho delectation of
thoso who pass by on tho street
Parral was noted beforo tho Mexicans at
tacked General Pershing's troops there. The
city, which has mora than 6000 population,
13 in the heart of tho wine-growing district,
and nil tho books Bay that It Is famous for a
particularly fine quality of aguardiente, which,
being translated, means fire water.
The New England Methodists have decided
by a linanlmous vote nt the annual conference
to permit young peoplo to danco, go to the
theatre and tho circus and to participate In
other forbidden amusements, which suggests
various things, according to the temper of the
mind on which the actldn of the conference re
acts. No ono can read the reports of the efforts
of Berks County reformers to eliminate the
stick from mince pie without Indorsing Asa
Bird Garner's famous remark about reform.
The Board of Poor Directors has decided that
whatever other Innovation Is to be Introduced
liythe county almshouse, the Inmates are to
continue to havo real mince pie. They deserve
a vote of thanks for their humanity In preserv
ing the gustatory delights for the unfortunate.
FnJncls Oulmet has passed from the rank
of an amateur to that of a professional golf
player by the ruling of the United Stntes Golf
Association because he is engaged in selling
sporting goods. The ranks of the amateurs
must be kept clear of professionalism even If
tbe distinction between a man who plays for
sport and a man who makes money by his
play is enveloped In a hazy twilight so dense
that it la as difficult to find as the last hole in
the course in "the shade after the sun has gone
down.
They seem to know how to do things a
little better in RussUt Consider the matter
of the equipment of a commercial delegate now
In this city studying trade conditions and
making preparations for the rehabilitation of
Ruslan commerce after the war. General
Denlsoff, the delegate, Is president of the Rus
slan Chamber of Export and la a member of
the Imperial Council. He epeaka French.
German and EnglUh besides his native Ian
guage, and is more familiar with our foreign
trade than many American business men.
He is qualified for the task Jn which he Is
engaged, and that is why he Is engaged In it.
The young American business, man who wishes
to fill a large place in the development of
American commerce would do well to equjp
himself in the same way. If he wishes to
expand, American trade in Russia he should
be able to speak Russian. If he understands
French, German, Spanish and Portuguese; he
wilt be equipped to deal with business men
in. South America and Europe. There is more
to the world than the United States, hut we
have been so busy with our own affairs that
we have not glvef the attention to the affairs
of other nations that we should. A little Ger.
man kultur could be applied to the conduct
of American business wita, profit to the men
engaged la it fl Russians began to apply
it soma sw s
Tom Daly's jDolumn
APPLYlNCt TUB BERMON
"01 the paator'd a ternion tea splendid this
marnln','
8atd Xdra 0ltarc,
"But there's tohxe in the parish that must
have had teamln' ,
An' tcorshipptd elsewhere; , '
But wherever they were, if their cars icasrft'
, burnin',
TrotH, then, It is quarel"
" 'There are women,' sex he, 'an they're here
1 in this parish,
An' plentiful, too,
Wid their noses so high an' their manners
so alrlsh, x
Hut virtues so Jew,
'Tis a wonder they can't see how nttich the)
resemble ,
Tid proud Pharisee,
Yc would think they'd took into their own
souls an' trcmhtc , .
Such sinners to be.
2fot,at'aUt They bctlcvc themselves better
than otlucrs
"Ant glvd thefnsclvcg airs
Till the pride o' them shanglcs all virtues an'
smothers
The good o' their prayers.' '
"Thafi the way he wlnt at them, an-', faith,
it uas splendid
But wasted, 1 fear,
Wid the most o' the women for whom 'twas
intended,
Xot there for to hear.
An' thinks I to mesclf, icalkln' home, what
a pity
That Mary Ann Hayes
An' Cordelia AlcCann should be out o' the city
Tills day of all days.
"But, indeed, 'twas a glorious sermon this
mornln',"
Said Kara O'Jtarc,
"Though I'm sorry that some o' the parish
had ttornln
An' worshipped elsewhere;
But wherever thctif were, If their cars wasn't
burning,
Troth, then, it is quarel"
AND "SUGAR," IS SLANG TOR CUSH
THE fact that Wilmington Is trying to ralso
J32G.00O for n J"rco Library may not Interest
so much and so many as tho fact that tho
Campaign Director Is Edgar T. Honey and
tho Assistant Director, Henry Candy,
PATRIO-LET
To bo tho champion of right,
Jly native country you essay.
To cope with overbearing might,
To bo tho champion of right,
May that be over your delight;
Nor wisdom's guidance disobey
To bo tho champion of right,
My native country, U. S. A.
D. P.
F.
SOME days ago M'LIss told n story about a
couple who broko up family life becau-jo
they scrapped about who should get out of
bed and turn out tho lights when they wcro
through reading.
This Is what I havo to do every winter
night:
Let out the dog, throw my burned matches,
etc, Into tho fire, sweep up tho hearth, ar
range what's left ot tho logs, lock seven
windows and two doors, arrange three eve
ning papers on the table, wind two clocks,
find the missus' ppectaclo case, pick up two
spools.of thread, a thimble and two knitting
needleft from the floor, help the mlnsus off
tho couch, give her her book, glasses and
sewing bag, get her a drink of water, put
out the lights, see that the gas Isn't burn
ing In tho kitchen, fix tho furnace, bring up
wood for next day's open fire, let In tho dog,
stow two kids, open their windows, explain
what effect the battle of Verdun will have
on the price of flour, turn out some lights,
turn on some others, pull-down some shades,
go down stairs -nnTI get tha missus' book
that she forgot, read a bit, explain what a
primary Is, take the missus' book and
glasses, put them on the table, get up, see
that tho kids aro still stowed, arrango two
down quilts, open three windows, put out the
last light nnd try to think up some good ex
cuse for not having called up tho plumber
about the kitchen tubs. And I'm tho hap
Plest guy In tho whole world.
H. H. H.
Health Hint
To those who to down to obesity in motorcars.
Where are the feet of yesteryear?
Tucked In n handsome motorcar.
Why aro men fat, their eyes less clear?
Because their feet aro where they are.
G. L.
FOnD tourlnr car, 1013, demountable rims, ex-
U",as:iLu5 2.. mlIes- 3-0. Poplar 101T-W.
Classified Ad.
Engine or decimal point trouble? ,-
I HAD a new caddy all day yesterday. 'Twas
a long haul and a heavy load for tho lad
and I helped him cut corners and eased up on
him where I could. He was the sort of boy
you'd like your son to be. On the last hole
in the afternoon I Bent him by a short cut to
the top of the hill we drive over. Thus ho
, saved some walking and could watch our
drives for us. Our boy-wonder stepped to the
tee and whaled a screamer low and dead on a
line for my small boy. For an Instant he
didn't see It, and then he dived to safety by a
hairbreadth as the ball whistled by. The clubs
were on the ground. "Hey, boy! You should
have taken those clubs with you; the ball
might have hit them," called the enemy.
All them golfing guys Is wild.
, GOLPHUS.
Of Quite a Different Stamp
If laddie or lassie Is haughty
We tame them by whipping discreetly
But give nny stamp a good licking
And. you see It get stuck up completely,
i F.
Indoor Sporls
Trying to find the sporting page of the P. L.
at the breakfast tabte. h. H, II.
Anagram Contest
I AST CALL! No entries will be considered
i that reach this office later than tomor
row's first mall, ,
"How's this foe a final whoop?" asks
M'uslouss
CAN TEST HAT ON A GERM,
Yesterday's;
Exact monies Income taxes. '
Borals ruin at sea Submarine boats.
I am cruel, I hurt at arms Articular rheumatism.
Sir That quotation from Confucius In tha
Column for April 1? is extremely interesting.
In one of the college Journals some thirty years
ago a Mr. H. O. Chapman had a quatrain en
titled 'Left" Tbt quatrain was:
' ' Jleet me,' she said, 'by the garden wait
Tomorrow night, as the sun goes down.
And this Is tomorrow, and here am 1
And there's the wall, and the sun's gone down."
I doubt very much that Chapman ever saw the
Confucius lines, f beldid he improved them.
A.QM,
I "YOURS, I BELIEVE !"
. rrsirtn.-tl .. - :S -
l ' T M -J r "
, .', urn v v wp-
MEN ON HORSEBACK
AND THE DARK HORSE
America in the Throes of Inventing
a Hero Elements of Mystery
and Legend That Gather
About Presidential Timber
THEY tell us that nfter nil It was Boswell
who created Doctor Johnson nnd Plato who
Invented Socrates. The blogiaplicr Is begin
ning to be recognized ns n poet, a man with an
Imagination gi eater, very often, than the man
ho writes about. America Is a poet, and every
four years tho country writes n great nnd
romantic biography. It Invents a hero and
then elects him President.
That theso biographies tell whlto Jlos, fasci
nating fibs, docs tho country credit. It builds
up an Ideal man for Itself. It sends him
tingling with waim pralso to tho Whlto House.
;i xi explains away nis past enors as mo result
of ted-bloodcd impulse, his ovaslvo silences ns
.signs of dignity nnd strength. Anil woo to
him that flouts his famo nnd docs not "meas
ure up"!
Just how do wo chooso a President? Of
courto thero Is tho machinery of primaries,
conventions and election. To say such things
creato him would bo llko saying that tho
meals a poet cats produco his poems. Tho
three teal ways of creating a President nro
to acclaim a man a military or diplomatic
hoio ono and tho same thing, for diplomacy
Is veiled war; to" accept him as tho political
offspring of his powerful predecessor, or to
Idontify his personality with tho latest popular
cry and wreathe about him n legendary per
sonification of tho spirit of tho nation. Sum
ming up, theso threo ways aro "Horseback,"
"Inheritance" and "Slogan."
Thero is a fom th way, which wo can Ignore:
tho accident of a party split resulting In a
triangular fight, In which tho best organized
party, of course, wins. Wo can Ignoro that
because third parties nro transient in Amorlca.
Horseback nnd Idealism
Thero have been too many sneers at "tho
Man on Horseback." Wo always elect our
military heroes President. But wo do not
elect our mlltary heroes Governors and
Mayors. We elect Governors nnd Mayors for
some concrete success In some special field
of legislative or business reorganization. But
when it comes to a President, we do not look
for tho concreto, special effort, Theio must
bo a general glow about him, tho earnest of
all virtues strength, tho Ideal sense about
him of an all-embracing humanity conquering
all obstacles. Of course wo made out Grant
and Roosevelt to be better than they were.
But they suffered more than we did by our
mistake. They were the vehicles of our
idealism. Wo elected not them, but their horo
scopes. And this glamour sometimes stays with a
man. It makes him capable of dictating his
successor. The two great examples of such
dictation are Van Buren and Taft. Van Buren
was aB different from Jackson, who forced his
selection as his successor, as Taft Is from
Roosevelt, who said, "Take Taft or me." Van
Buren's personality resembled Taft's In many
ways, deliberate, circumspect, politic, unas
sertive, amiable, "You shall not dim my fame"
that Is what Jackson and Roosevelt seemed
to Bay of their mantle-bearers. In the second
case there seems tp have been an even deeper
foresight In the selection, as If the Cqlonel had
said, "You shall not spill my third cup of
coffee."
But the important point pathetic, beautiful,
If you will Is that the majority of a whole
hundred million people should put their faith
In one man and let him choose their king. For
such methods are royal. There has been much
Idle talk about the analogy between our Presl
dents and kings. But the most Important at
tribute of kings abides In the President, after
all. Both represent the whole people directly
and not a bectlon or a party. The Premier of
England leads a party. There would be the
tame loss tp the spirit of English nationality
through the loss of the monarchy as there
would be loss to the spirit of American na
tionality through the loss of the presidency.
It is not a bad thing that we play the na
tional anthem as our President enters, that wo
pore over the pictures of his sons and daugh
ters and grandchildren, that we thrill and
raise our hats at his passing. Tho meaning
of his office is more than the man. A great
President sometimes legislates. But a greater
President does not legislate. He leads.
Why Slogans Are Needed
The third way of creating a President by
ideptlfylnff him With a slogan Is Jast now the
most interesting. For we have no hero and no
Inheritor. The catchword will win. The
weakness of Wilson, so for in the campaign,
is the lack of a, slogan. His effort to take
"Preparedness" from Roosevelt has pot been,
particularly convincing The nest slogan the
supporters, of WJlson could use might be some
thing yka tbJbt W courage, to fia what
seemed wrong to others." But this Is not a
stimulating war cry to go Into battle with. In
tho flist placo, It Is too long a war cry should
bo a short nnd snappy bark. In tho second
placo, It Is rather metaphysical and hard to un-
det stand. "Preparedness" ns a catchword Is
Ideal; but the trouble with that Is Roosevelt
has been beaten at tho polls. His popular vote
has fallen from 7,000,000 to 4,100,000.
Tho slogan that wins must not bo merely a
good war cry. It must bo a philosophy In cap
sulo foim. It must boll down a host of big
Ideas Into a woid or two. "Full dinner pall,"
for Instance, was not simply a yell. It yns
tho summary of a carefully rensoned-out
answer to Bryanlto nostrums. "You talk about
frco silver and a lot of vaguo theories to tho
worklngman, but can you illl his dinner pall?"
In that case tho slogan mado tho man
McKlnley. It wns bigger than he was. Some
times tho popular hero Is bigger than his
slogan, but ho has to havo one, nil tho same,
as a quick rendy-mado answer to his op
ponent's arguments. Just now, though wo
havo no conquering hero to Idealize, tho
times ate, Indeed, hciolc, np tho Colonel bays.
When wo havo no visible heto wo peer about
In tho gloom for a "dark horse" for some ono
to emerge In splendor from tho equivocal
twilight of ambitions. Tho name of tho man
who will tako ofTlco on, March 4 may bo un
known to tho public today, Hughes' strong
silenco rather fascinates tho country. But ho
has no slogan or, rather, none' has been
found for him. This may qulto possibly bo
dono litter, for tho legonds aro springing up
about him rapidly; ho Is being credited with
all sorts of dignities and strengths and wis
doms. If ho breaks silenco at tho psychologi
cal moment ! Or If wo Invent a slogan
for him! Who knows?
A Crisis May Decide It All
But as a matter of fact thero are slogans
enough as It Is. What wo need Is tho man
to fit ono to. And tho men aro scarce. Thoy
always are. For the mind Is not capablo of
digesting nnd holding In contemplative balanco
more than two or three national figures at tho
same time. Neither can wo compare moro
than two or three political philosophies at tho
samo time. The man represents tho philosophy.
So whon wo havo paid Wilson, Roosevelt,
Hughes our minds get Indigestion, nnd re
sent a fourth possibility ns they resont tho
Idea of a fourth dimension.
But a national crisis, now unforeseen, may
produco that fourth dimension, tho "dark
horse," to obliterate tho other three; some ono,
perhaps, on our far-flung military and dlplo-
matte battlo line a Funston or Pershing mov
ing to Incredible victories, a Goethals defend
ing tho canal against warships.
Then It would not bo hard to fit the Ideal
slogan to the man. And probably ho wouldn't
be worthy. But tho wfidflro of tho glowing
tradition about his excellences would sweep
the country over night. Wo would Invent our
hero. We would abandon our doubts. We
would see In him all the fine things that were
there and many that weren't there. Wo would
lose our chance to elect a better man. We
might even lose our heads. But we would'
keep our vision of our unattainable, hero, we
would keep our Ideal. H. S, W.
NATIONAL POINT OP VIEW
"W shall taka Verdun," said Berlin nearly
two months ago. "Now, or when you ran Kt It,?"
Inquire the Allies as May approaches. Louis
ville Courier-Journal.. i '
Are the troops welcome In Mexico? Eggs
werp readily purchasable at 10 cents a dozen by
the first contingent that passed through Asen
clon, but later along reached 60 cents, and at
last accounts were still rising. Welcome? Well,
rather! Louisville Herald.
"What army we have Is the best In the
world," Representative Anthony said In Congress
Saturday, "For Its size, no army p the world
equals It," That would be a) right If the other
fallows would only agree to keep their' armies
down to Its size. Springfield Republican.
f i
Congress should at once bring the nonpartisan
tariff commission proposition to a focus, Once
that la done, beyond a question, this great and
highly necessary proposal will become law. The
sooner the better. Do not delay a right, obvious
and highly necessary measure for the good of
the country. Buffalo Times.
THREE HILLS
There is a hill In England,
Green fields and a school I know,
Where the balls fly fast In summer
And the. whispering elm trees grow, -
A little nfll, a dear hill, ' ' '
And the playing fields below. -
There Is a hill In Flanders. '"
Heaped with a thousand slain,
Where the shells fly night and noontide
And the ghosts that died in vain,
A IHtla hill, a hard hill
To the souls that died In pain.
There is a hill In Jewry,
Three crosses pierce the sky,
Qn thfJ midmost He is dying
To kave all those who die,
(A little, bill, a kind hUl
PV L 4wjmw
-r Everard Owen, In Londwt Time.
What Do You Know?
Queries of general Interest will be answered
in this column. Ten questions, the answers
to which every well-Informed person should
know, are asked dally.
QUIZ
1. IVlint la the Ilumn?
2. Nnmo tho plnncta In our solar system.
3. Which Stdte Is rnllcd tho ".Vutmojc Htnto"T
4. l'or whnt Is Constantino the Great dis
tinguished from the Itomnn Emperors who
preceded Mm?
3. Of threo linrs of exactly the anme alio, one
of Iron, ono of gold nnd ono of lend,
which ono Is heaviest?
fl. Wlmt Is "the humidity"?
7. Wlmt Is a carnt?
8. Who wrote "Ivaiilioe"? ,
0. Willi w lint title Is the Vlrc Tresldent of the
United States nddressed by Senators when
ho presides In the Senate? "
10. What was the mnmmoth?
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz r
1. Ardnlpli I,. Kline succeeded Major flaynor
when the latter died during his term of
ofllce.
3. Hy "porlc" Is meant appropriations sought
by legislators to help their political for
tunes In their own districts.
3. "Copperheads" were Northern Democrats
who wero Southern sympathizers during
tho Civil War.
4. Assistant Secrctnry of the Jfnvy.
B. "Mexico" Is pronounced In that country ns
"May-liee-co" or "May-see-co."
0. 1'ormor Governor George W. reck, of Wis.
ronsln, wns tlio author of "IVsck's Mad
Hoy,"
7. Heroin 1 n morphine derivative. It cannot
bo sold except To licensed chemists nnd
doctors, or through doctors' prescriptions.
R. Tho Ilrltlsh won the hattle of Germnntnwn.
0. "St. Petersburg," having a German ending
nnd being formed In Germanic fnshlnn,' '
was changed to the Russian Tetrogrnd'-'
when Germany declared war on Russia.
10. Tho English shilling being usually ' tho
equivalent of about 24 1-3 cents, the florin,
or two shillings. Is 48 S-3 tho pound or
sovereign, SI.80, nnd tho guinea, or 21
shillings, about JS.ll. The crown, nve
shillings. Is about 1.22.
Mason nnd Dixon's Line
Editor of "Wftaf Do Yon Know." Pleas? pub
lish the exact location of Mason and Dixon's line.
B U. BUENA.
The line Is the boundary hetwoen Mnrfvlntui
and Pennsylvania. Its latitude is 39 degrees, 43
minutes and 2G.3 seconds north.
When Typewriters "Came In"
iWffor of "What Do You ifnoio" Will you
please tell mo when the typewriter came into
geneial use and about when It was Invented?
I E. R. J.
Up to 1868 typewriters wero mere Illustrations
of sporadic genius, occurring as the pet hobby of
Impractical persons In that year the first pat
ent for a practical machine wns obtained. Tho
typewriter was first Introduced to the general
public about 1873 by Sholes, Glldden and Soule.
the Inventors, all of whom lived In Milwaukee,
Wis, Fewer than 8000 typewriters were manu
factured between 1873 and 1882, but after that
year tho spread of the machines was rapid.
Standard Time
Udltor of "What Do Yau Know" Will yoq
kindly let mo know what Is meant by "standard
time" in the United States and how It waB estab
lished? f ' ROGERS.
Primarily for the convenience of tho railroads,
a standard of time was established by mutual
agreement In 1&83 by which trains are run and
local time regulated. According to this system,
tho United States Is divided Into four time sec
tions, each 15 degrees of longitude, equivalent
to one hour, commencing with the 76th meridian.
The first, or Eastern, section Includes all terri
tory between the Atlantic coast and an Irregular
lino drawn from Detroit to Charleston, 8. C.
The second, or Central, section Includes all tho
territory between the last-named line and an
Irregular line from Bismarck, N. D., to the
mouth of the Rio Grande. The third, or Moun
tain, section goes to a line near the western
borders of Idaho, Utah and Arizona. The fourth,
or Pacific, Bectlonicovers the rest of the country
to the pacific coast. At 13 noon here It Is 11
o'clock a. m. In Chicago (Central time). 10 o'clock
at Denver (Mountain time) and 9 o'clock at San
Francisco (Pacific time).
Reality of ITaroun Al Rashid
Editor of "What Do You Know" Can you tell
me If the caliph who figures In "Arabian Nights,"
Haroun Al Rashid, was a real or a mythical .
figure, and If real, will you please tell me soma'1
of tho facts-of his life? Q K. L. i
He was the fifth of the Abbasslde caliphs '
and was born about 760 A. D. In his relen tha
capital of his empire, Bagdad, became the most
flourishing city gf the period. Tribute was paid
to Haroun from all quarters. He loved luxury
and pleasure and was a patron of the arts. Ha
was celebrated In countless songs and stories,
and Is best known In the West as the caliph
around whom centre the tales of the "Arabian
Nights." In 803 he caused the Vizier, his four
sons and all his other companions on his noc.
turnal rambles and adventures tox be executed,
Thereyfollowed a period of rebellion and dlsor
der, during which the caliph died.
Wellington's Remark on Battles
Btflfor o "What Do You Know" -Can you toll
me who. 'It was that said, "Nothing except a
battle lost can ba half so melancholy as a battle;
won"? It. T
The sentence occurs in a dispatch written by
the puke of Wellington, victor in the battle of
Waterloo, In the year 18J6.
Highest Altitude in the; State
BdHer of "wiat Do You Know" -Will you,
please tell me the highest altitude in Pennsyl
vania and what that altitude is T G U
The blshsst altitude Is Blue Knob, Bedford
County, It is 8131 ft also.