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EVENING tEDGEB-PHILADBIiPHIA. nTTTOfl-PAY. MARCH 7, JQlQ.
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PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
OTOUB tl. K, CURTIS, r-tatDSMT.
, Chsfleil IT.Ludlngten.Vtcerrntdentt JohnC.Martls,
BwrsUry nnt Treasurer) rhlllo S. Collins, John B.
Tn(IIn)e, Directors,
EDITORIAL BOARD t
Crfetm II. K. Ccbtii, Chairman.
tt. WHALEY..,,
.Editor
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TfaJI AVERAGE NET PAID DAILY OIRCULA.
VON or THE EVENING LEDOER
FOR FEDRUART WAS 101.118
PHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY. MAItClI 7, lilt.
In peace, at a wtse man, he should make
tuitaote preparation for war. Horace.
"Transit bo damned," ovon when smeared
With honoy, Is not palatable.
Life predicts tho uso of babies In the
trenches In 1917. In tho Infantry, probably.
Tho appointment of Mr. Baiter Indicates
that tho President will continue to be his own
Secretary of War.
Portugal at least has tho satisfaction of
being safe from any Immediate danger of
Invasion from Germany.
As tho national defense plans are all dough,
perhaps a Baker Is tho best kind of a man
Co take chnrgo of them.
That "ftro In yarn works" reported In tho
newspapers tho other day did not occur In tho
office of tho Providence Journal.
No ono had to ask who he was when the
President sent to tho Senato tho nomination
of David It. Frnncis to be Ambassador to
Russia.
Ambassador .Morgenthnu refers to the war
as a ball game, with tho United States as
umpire. Hark to the familiar cry: "Kill tho
umpire."
Mr. Brandels may have one consolation
If ho runs the present gauntlet unscathed, he
may regard his character as being entirely
Impregnable.
The Washington street car strike will give
the resolutlng Congressmen an opportunity
to exercise their abilities without meddling
In International affairs.
When Edward Howard Griggs talked about
"An Enemy of the People" In Wltherspoon
Hall yesterday ho was not referring to tho
Great Faunal Naturalist.
From the way In which "Billy" Sunday
Is raking in tho shekels. It Is ovident that
the people are willing to cough up for at
least one kind of preparedness.
Perhaps the lion was so deeply Interested
In Verdun that he forgot nil about his en
gagement to reach here on March 1. He ar
rived yesterday, a little tardy, but with his
roar In good condition.
It seems moro than passing strange that tho
Vares should be unable to make up their
minds as to whether or not South Philadelphia
should have rapid transit. Other South Phila
delphlans are In no such perplexity.
When tho tale of tho exploits of the Moewo
Is written It will once moro prove that the
things which actually happen aro moro won
derful than those which the fiction writer
can create out of the liveliest Imagination.
While ho was abroad word came from
European capitals which Colonel House visited
that ho had nothing to say. Now that he
Is back homo again the American reporters
are announcing that ho can be as silent in
the United States -as ho was abroad.
Opposition to the Taylor plans, when their
consummation Is at hand, Is a fight to hold
Philadelphia back, to hobble it, to prevent
the kind of progress to which tho city Is en
titled, to hog-tie It and watch other moro
progressive communities march by. But that
sort of thing does not go In Philadelphia to
day. It Is a new era, an era of doing things,
and the sooner some of the hold-backs get
this idea firmly fixed In their heads tho less
likely they are to be silt by a buzz-saw.
Southwest Philadelphia Is not the only part
of the city in which there are unsightly spots
demanding the attention of lovers of tho
beautiful. The Nature Club's arrangements
for beautifying the vacant places by planting
flowers this spring are likely to suggest to
public-spirited citizens In other districts that
they also can make their neighborhoods more
attractive. Where the ground is barren some
planting Is desirable, but there are large
tracts of unoccupied land In West Phlladel.
phla, for example, which are overgrown with
weeds every summer, harboring mosquitoes.
tt the people In the vicinity would club to.
getber and hire a man to mow the weeds
two or three times each season the plots
Would ba pleasant to look upon, and the
vacant houses would rent more readily be
cause of the general improvement In the
beauty of the surroundings.
The purpose of the series of meetings to be
held this week la to diffuse Information and
arouse Interest in order to save the lives of
1240 babies this year. Of the -iO.OOO babies
born here every 13 months, about -1200 die
before they are a year old. It la said that
ona-thlrd of these deaths are easily prevent
able by the exercise of proper care. YVe
hjtyo discovered that the most effective argu
merit tn favor pf correct Hyjng Is that It
jjayp. When tbe man who destroys his
nTsJnoy by drink loses his Job, he gives un
4rljnk. unless he Is too far gone When we
diovw that the life of a child In wortlJ
doliare and cent3 to tbe nation we will givt
3 reater ausmtkw Ut tlie fwra, of the table1
v jooln cuwpkjiosMl ifcat iMook ttTa years tt)
-mm ji tutuj mn'm, i we six. Hums aa
2k Ut M " WMre J altegetl
much waste when 10 per tent of (ho annual
crop 1b a failure. Conservation of the natural
resources of Amerlcn In Important, but con
nervation of tho human resources; of tho
nation Is stttt moro Important. Other reasons
can bo advanced for savins tho babies, rea
sons which will appeal to ovory mother, but
they do not need to bo formulated, or every
one knows what thoy are.
NOT DEBT, BUT REVENUE
i i
Increase In borrowing- enpnelly wna
nutlinrliril only for two Income-producing
projects, port Improvement nnd trnnslt.
These tno thing will pay their own nny,
eventually If not nt once. The city merely
lends lie credit tn flnnnce trnnstt. livery
cent romes back. Taxpayers shouM not ho
misled as tn this plinsn of the situation.
TT7HEN Mr. Tnylor began to plan hH trnn-
VV sit system for Philadelphia ho was con
fronted at once with financial difficulties. Ho
sought relief from the Legislature and brought
it about Hint personal property as well as
real estate should bo tho basis for computing
tho borrowing cnpnclty of tho city. Tho monoy
so obtninnblo Is now avnllablo for any' perma
nent improvements.
Ho then wont before tho Legislature and
tho peoplo of the State with a proposal that tho
borrowing capacity of tho rltv bo increased
from 7 per cent, to in por i-nnt., tho money
obtained under tho exttn 1 per cent .to be
used only for fvo purposes, to vy,lt transit
and port Improvement. r'
There was a Kiat underlying reason for
this. Taxpayers might reasonably object to
nn Increase of debt from which there would be
no return In actual monoy. But transit and
port Improvement, bo It understood, aro In
a different category. They aro both revenue
producing projects. They do not actually add
a dollar to the debt. A new pier produces suf
ficient Income to pay tho Interest on the capi
tal Invested and to supply tho sinking fund.
Transit lines do the samo thing.
Tho 3 per cent, extra borrowing capacity wns
for tho purpose of allowing tho city to lend Its
credit to build facilities. It did not contem
plate tho addition of ono cent to tho perma
nent debt of tho city or the Imposition of any
burden on tho taxpayer.
For Instance, when a city borrows money to
pavo a streot tho benefit Is Incidental. Tho
charge must bo passed on to the taxpayer.
When, however, a city constructs n public
utility and sells a service to tho community
the result Is an income-producing property.
It earns the cnpttal outlay.
Can something be got for nothing? In a
way It can. A company builds a factory for
$15,000,000. It does not expect thereafter to
bo putting up yearly tho Interest on this
money, got from an outside source. It expects
tho factory to earn tho Interest on the bonds
and also provide n sinking fund. That Is
exactly what the factory does do. Tho $15,
000,000 has simply been loaned for a period
of years, during which time It Is self-supporting.
Tho people did not contemplate permitting
Philadelphia to borrow additional millions for
non-lncome-pioduclng projects.
This principle was further carried out In
tho provision that so soon as either project
port Improvement or transit becamo self
supporting, the bonds should no longer bo
charged against the borrowing capacity.
The effort, therefore, to make the taxpayer
think that a great burden will bo put on his
shoulders If tho Taylor plan Is consummated
Is misleading. On the contrary. It Is admitted
that the Frankford Ij will be a money-maker
from the beginning and so will tho Broad
streot subway. Not only will neithor be an
Incubus on tho back of tho taxpayer, but
neither will eventually even bo charged
against the city's borrowing capacity.
Moreover, unexpected developments due to
tho war have made tho Darby li moro than
ever feasible, there now being adjacent to tho
Darby district a great body of workingmen
who must bo given quick transit to the city.
So there will bo a great increase in the activi
ties of the Navy Yard, which will also render
profitable the extonslon to South Philadelphia.
Talk of contracting tho system In order to
save tho taxpayer money Is Just buncombe
and nothing else. No advocate of tho Taylor
plans is proposing to do anything but create
a system which will actually add value to tho
real estate holdings of a vast number of tax
payers. Money is to be put into their pockets,
not taken out. Even tho gas works, poorly
managed, represented finally not one cent of
taxpayers' monoy.
What the taxpayer has to fear is not that
transit will cost him monoy, but that the
McNichol amendment to tho Constitution will
later bo carried through, which would make
the extra 3 per cent, borrowing capacity avoll
ablo for any permanent Improvements, ovon
those which would not produce any revenue
return at all directly.
It Is Just ns well to rememher that the ob
structionist theory that the lines will not pay
Is of scarcely any importance In view of the
fact that Mr. Taylor's estimates aro based on
a most thorough and comprehensive study of
population and probable patronage of the new
lines. Ho did not guess about It. He went
to work and studied the situation scientific
ally. Philadelphia Is not the miserable little
burg that some people would have us Imagine.
In view of tho experience of Boston, Chicago
and New York, it is altogether likely that the
millions who live In this community can bup
port rapid transit.
This Is to be a great city great not only In
the number of Inhabitants, but great also In
the facilities and conveniences of life which
they enjoy. The city can afford to lend Its
credit to assure the consummation of the
dearest of Its plans.
It Is an Investment which is planned, not a
dead weight of debt.
"FOLLOW THE LEADER"
IT IS reported from Washington that New
ton D. Baker, to whom the War portfolio
has been offered, "Is in accord with President
Wilson's policy for national defense."
If we knew what the President's policy is
this would bo more reassuring. Mr. Garrisqn
resigned because the policy of his superior
seemed to be inchoate. At one time Mr. Wil
son favored the national army plan, byt when
Congressmen began to bee opportunities for
pork in the enlarged State militia he decided
that he vvould let the Congressmen work out
their own scheme. At least he refused to
back up his Secretary of War, who had given
long study to tho subject and had concluded
that the only way to get a national army was
to make it national.
Mr, Baker is reported to be a converted
pacifist. He now believes that something
should be done for national defense. The
country will await the revelation pf his views,
and It will hope that he will propose a plan
the purpose of which will be to equip the
nation for defending Itself rather .than to
rvo as a sop to pacify the patriots who are
dgrnandlng adequate and effective; preparation.
If ha Is lmply going jp play thS game ot fol.
lowing the leader an office boy would serve
IU welt
Tom Daly's Column
IF BOB GltEER had "obeyed that Impulse"
we wouldn't have had to wait so long for
this: "Soma time ago whon I snw your com
ment on Mayor Smith's decision not to officiate
nt marriages I meant to write to you about
what happened when 1 was secretary to Mayor
Weaver. Ono day n young girl from Mannyunk
brought In the man she had caught nnd stood
him up before tho Mayor to bo married. After
It was over the groom handed Ills Honor $5.
His Honor turned It over to Hie bride Imme
diately, saying: 'Open a savings nccount with
this, nnd every Saturday when Oeorge gives
you his wnges add n little to It'
"About two months lator the brldo enme
back. She wanted to sea the Mayor. 'You re
member how good ho was about giving me
Hint money, snlil she. 'Well, when wo got out
side. In the corridor that day Oeorgo wanted
I should give It bnck to him, and I wouldn't,
nnd I nln't recti anything of him from that
tiny to this; and I want the Mnyor to gel mo
a divorce.' "
llontlcnu
TO AN OPRUATIC UttAUTT"
(.Seen on tho stage from tho Inst row In tho
lop balcony; and, later, on the sidewalk, stepping
into her car)
Oh, perch here, on my knee. Thy kiss
Would fill tny yearning cup with bliss.
Oh, to enfold ihoo with this arm,
Embracing: nil thy glittering charm,
Thou dainty, fascinating Mlssl
Oh, float across tho sheer nbyss
To where my fond kneo waiting Is;
'Twill do thy proud reserve no harm.
Oil, perch hereon!
Ah! now you come. Hello, what's thl7
A ton you weigh, or more, I wis.
Your bulk, I note, with vague alarm,
Hcenlls the stock on father's farm.
Farewell, oh, towering Nemesis;
Oh, Prrcheronl
A. A.
the rnsTCAim.
IteV here tnmea nnother ono of thoe postcards,
only It nrcn't romlnu henil-nret thli time. No. this
Is the middle of It Iluli-liuh! Oh, sou'ro Bona he
surprised How'fl you Ilka ono o' these to ft Into
our lemon plo Looks like n wall, don't II? Hut
can't you aco the nnt? V. Tlnncy.
niRht
You're Just a poem, Bess, I said,
And I was right you sec,
I know the way she tossed her head
She was a verse to mo.
Fayno Tart.
It Didn't Happen to Us, ButWc Overheard It
""OCT I nssuio you," tho visitor was pro-
JD testing to the editor, "tho stories I'm sub
mitting bore were original with me. I
shouldn't think a gentleman would doubt
my wold."
"Well, madam," he replied, "I think It more
gentlemnulv to doubt .vour word than to
belloio you that old."
riti:rAiti:i rr.oi'i.n i iiavi: Jir.r.
1. Th nun In tho restaurant who butters his three
pli-ctB of bread wbllo wultlnB for the steak to
roin.
2 The linlv In front of mo In tho theatre who puts
on hr root nnd lint Ave mlnuteH heforo the end
of thy play to nvold the rush.
3. The business man who always flashes a bis: roll
that ho carries around "tn case of emergencies."
4. The budding humorist who eels up early In tho
morning to see whether tho mall carrier left n
check for him. r. Villain.
THE rOSTt'Altl).
Look nut. Charlie hero tomes another pleco of It
Looks Ilku a ennko. don't It? Her! hee! Itet ou
necr seen a ant na hlc 111 this before or behind Oh,
jou'r- toiia bo surprised. r. Tlnney.
Clasmfyinp; Your Countrymen
(Il's'p't'fi'y dedicated to II. II. II.)
VII
If you meet somo "guys" or "golls"
Who only of their home-town talk
Till juur blood just fairly bolls;
You can bet they're from Noo Yawk
VIII
The chap that tells wild city tnles
Of true Noo Yawkers Is he one? Nix
You may be stiro the follow hails
From llaiem. Brooklyn or the Uionx.
Will I.ou.
Our Uplift Series
Little I.csons From Ciasnlc l.liei
ONE bright, sunny day In tho year 4097 B.
C, Rok, a little Stono baby, who afterwaid
became tho great lawgiver, might have been
seen sauntering into the Council of tho Wise
Men, near tho Rock of Wog.
"What Is It that is flesh, was- never born,
has no parts, outstays Its welcome and hurts
like tho devil?" ho lisped.
But nil the Wise Men were silent. In turn
each balanced his hatchet upon tho plateau,
or flat part of his big toe. which, In the sign
language means "I pass." Rok, beginning
to stroll from tho Council, drifted carelessly
to leeward of a massive ouk and said:
''A stone bruise, you poor simps."
Reflection From which u-e learn that a
child can ask questions M'iso Men cannot
answer. .,1, i,
THE rOSTCAUI).
Put this alongside the other two pleeeB, Charlie.
Yes elr, when I was In Africa I seen a flock of ant"
that oh. you better beeln to ask mo about It. Dee!
you're rona be surprised! p. Tlnney.
Sir How's this for u sign masterpiece by a
Pennsylvania miller?
NO BOATING
FISHING
SWIMMING
DAM UNSAFE
I'. It.
Dr. Alexander Hamilton in Philadelphia
MONDAY. September 17. 1714. This day was
very sharp apd cold for tho season, and a
fire was-very grateful. I did little but stay
at home all day and employed my time in reading
of Homer's Iliad. I dined at the tavern and
walked out to tho country after dinner to reap
tho benefit of the sharp air. When I returned I
drank tea with Mrs. Cume, and there being some
ladles there, the conversation ran still upon the
old topic, religion
Tuesday. September 18 This forenoon I spent
In reading of Shakesponr's Timon of Athens,
or Matihater, u play which, tho' not written ac
cording to Aribtotle'a rules, yet abounds with
Inimitable beauties, peculiar to this excellent
authpr.
I dined at Cockburn'a, where was a set of very
comical phlzzes, and a very vulgar unfurblshert
conversation, which I did not Joint In, but eat
my dinner anoT was a hearer, reaping as much
Instruction from It as It would yield,
THK I'OKTCAltl),
llere'i another piece, out you won't know till you
t tho (lead. You mutt say to ins, "ilow many
pieces can lou distribute a ant Into, Frank?" and
then I'll tell ou. p. 'finny,
Sir Here's a dyer's advertisement
We I.lve to Dye.
The More We Dye the Better We Live.
The Better You Live the Better You Die.
G. M.
"It's very queer that when people get rich
they either have no children or they don't
seem to care for them,"
"That's not strange, When pepple get rich
they can't think about anything but their
ancestry; posterity doesn't bother them,"
THE POSTCAItl).
Now, Charlie, shut your cyea and don't look! Uere'a
tho head, coming' Now you can look! UhI It's tbe
bligest ant in captivity. Yep. It's 4 Eleph An.
V. Tlnney.
SCENE; Car pn Route Si. Time: 6:80 p. m.
any day.
From the rear of the tar game a cry:
Woman fainted!"
The conductor paled. "l? b,e exglaimed.
"What will happen to ine, f jfef company
learija that she had kkw to falliH W. P. B,
'"Hi), it- rr mi O Ut.uA. M I m a (yBrT . k .'? Isiw1 Y na
" W,JJiv VW-- Jr T M&3&K. f) A - iSlW- ,V.' Vrf
TWwM Wril sHkl i-t-sacf. ?W m
BLOCKADE RUNNERS
OF THE CIVIL WAR
While the Federal Patrol Was Mak
ing International Law Bold Evad
ers Were Playing a Perilous
and Romantic Game
Sc
OMRIIOW the British blockade never be
camo really Interesting until tho German
cruiser with a name that looks like the cry
of n cat slipped safely into a home port after
eluding all enemy ships In Its path. Its
achievement ns a blockade runner equals Its
achievement as a commerce raider for dating,
(or skill, for romance. A blockade runner is
like the blockade Itself; It means "hats oft"
If the management, so to speak, can get away
with it. "Hats off" to tho Moewe.
"Hats off," In ex post facto fnshlon, to the
steamer Kate, herolno of 44 successful trips
through tho Fedeiul blockade In the Civil
War. That was the recotd up to November,
1802. The Robert K. Leo had n record of 21
times In six months. True, theso wero ex
ploits of the early part of the war, but even
In tho time ot Its highest efficiency tho block
ado was penetrable and In January, 1865, the
runners were still doing business. The block
ade was proclaimed in April, 1861. The Fed
eral ships then on the Job numbered about a
dozen. The fleet was gradually increased to
about 300. The coast 40 be pati oiled extended
thousands of miles and Its character made tho
work of the blockaders extra difficult tho
sounds of North Carolina behind the outlying
beaches; then tho Inlets among the sea Islands
of South Carolina; then the sand-barred estu
aries of Georgia and Florida.
What Might Have Been
On the character of tho Carolinian coast
hangs a curious talo of what might have been.
At Pocotatigo, In October of 1862, two bat
tel ies of nitlllery and a. company or two of
dismounted cavalry succeeded In repelling nn
nil-day assault of 3000 Federals and driving
them buck to their ships. It was partly the
dread of "country fever" thnt lost the battle
night-time and "country fever." "But all day
long," says a reputable historian, "the Federals
had tho Chaileston and Savannah Railroad on
their left less than a mllo away, nnd with
absolutely no obstnelo between them and Its
possession. Beyond tho rnilroad lay tho high,
healthful plno lands. In brief, there was no
teason whatever, asldo from mere blundering,
why they should not then and there have
seized upon tho Charleston and Savannah
Railroad, mado themselves masters of tho
entire coast and proceeded to the easy con
quest or Isolation of Charleston on the ono
hand and Savannah on tho other.
Hero was another of the errors that served
to prolong through four years a war that
ought to have been brought to nn end during
Its first campaign."
Such was one Incidental aspect of blockade
history In the war for the Union. The prin
cipal aspect, of course, was tho genernl effect
of the blockado on the'fortunes of the South.
The South was almost exclusively an agri
cultural country. Very scanty were its means
of supplying Itself with those articles of manu
facture which enable communities to live and
carry on war. Lacking In capacity to create
arms, ammunition and other righting equip
ment and to turn out clothing, shoes, medi
cines and the like, either for military or non
military use, tho South nevertheless managed
to secure theso supplies, though In gradually
lessening quantities, and to the very end the
Confederate soldiers were clad in English
made cloth, shod with English-tanned leather
nnd largely fed upon Cincinnati bacon and
corned beef that had been shipped to Nassau,
Havana or the Bermudas and transferred tp
the blockade runners. If the blockade had
been effective from the first the war of neces
sity must have come to an early end.
British and Southern merchants, but espe
cially British merchants, made fortunes out
of the traffic. It has been reckoned that a
B(ngle cargo carried either way and success
fully delivered would pay for tho loss of ship
and cargo on the return voyage and leave a
rich margin of profit besides. An ounce of
quinine that cost 2.80 in Nassau was worth
JUOO or J1200 in Charleston, while the Confed
erate money received for the quinine would
buy cotton at B0 cents a pound In gold at
Nassau. Blockade running, however, was not
Wholly to the advantage of tha South, In that
it ed tq consequences described by Southern
ers as "corrupting our people' and "ruining
our currency" and to. the exorbitant prices
that were forced upon the Government by
traders. The Government commissioned
blockade runners of its pwn and passed regu
lations governing the traffic on the part of
private individuals.
For the first time in history blockade run
pera had the powerful help of steam, a new
type of vessel was developed for the business
In hand, long, narrow v essels, n which every,
thing was sacrificed to speed side-wheel
steamers of low iraus ht, gray or leaden In
color and hardly to be distinguished even by
daylight against the shadows of the sea. the
norizon pijsi or we sanay snore- Pennsylva- J
nl coal, to avoid moke, waa utilized whea it '
"HI'CAWN'T HEXPRESS MY HOPINION!"
could bo obtained; otherwlso Welsh semi
bituminous coal, '
Flaying of the Game
The blockado runner would leave Nassau nt
such an hour as to approach the coast at
night, nnd almost always It was n moonless
night that was chosen for getting through tho
lines. With all lights out, the cnglno room
hatchways and blnnaclo covered with tarpau
lin, tho vessel mado her way stealthily for
ward in utter darkness. Necessary orders and
reports of soundings were given in low tones;
steam was blown off under water. They were
cool, fearless, adventurous men who thus
played the game, battling with tho sea, resort
ing to nil manner of tricks, sometimes running
their steamer on tho beach when closely
pressed by pursuers. They loved fog, dark
ness and mystery.
Tho last noteworthy achievement of block
ading Federals was' tho destruction of tho
Albemarle, a Confederate ram which had per
formed brilliant feats off the Carolina coast.
Ono night In October, 1864, Lieutenant Cush
Ing, accompanied by a small crow of picked
men, mado his way up tho Roanoko In a
launch till ho camo upon tho great ram. Ho
forced his craft at full speed over tho boom
of logs surrounding tho Albemarlo. A heavy
gun was discharged within a few feet of tho
assailants, almost overcoming them by concus
sion. Cushing applied a torpedo to tho sido
of tho ram and with his' men was submerged
In the destruction that followed tho explosion.
Tho ram went to tho bottom. Of Cushing's
crew some woi o drowned, others swam ashore.
Cushing himself was ono of tho few who
escaped both death and tho prison.
CALIFORNIA THE GOLDEN
Fulfilling Humboldt's prophecy of 10 or 13
years before, Colonel Sutter discovered gold In
California. Then camo the rush of tho forty
niners. The population In 1848 was something
llko 10,000, but tho Immigration following tho
discovery of gold brought the population figures
up to a quarter of a million In tho space of a
very few years.
The name of California, signifying "hot fur
nace," Is derived from the Spanish. It first ap
pears in a Spanish romance, published early in
the 11th century, as that of an Island lying
somewhere In the western sea near the equator.
Originally It waB applied to what Is now Lower
California, which was settled by Jesuit mission
aries In 1683, though visited by Spaniards as
early as 1633. Tho flrst explorations within the
limits of tho Stato wero mado in tho middle ot
tho 16th century, when Cabrlllo visited tho
coast and Islands of the Santa Barbara region.
Sir Francis Drako coasted as far north as tho
48th degree of latitude and named tho country
New Albion. The Spanish established many
missions in California in the 18th and early 19th
centuries.
As part of the Mexican republlo California
enjoyed virtual autonomy, but independence was
seen to bo Inevitable. A rising of American
settlers ,Jn northern California took placo In
1846, when John C. Fremont raised the Bear
Flag and on the 4th of July proclaimed the in
dependence of California. Tho conquest was
completed by Commodore Stockton, General
Kearney and Colonel Fremont. At the close of
tho Mexican War the United States paid Mexico
J1B,000,000 for the title to the territory. Call
fornla was admitted to the Union as a State In
1850,
NATIONAL POINT OF VIEW
The wicked effort of some nervous near-statesmen
to usurp tho powers of the President Is
about over. Chicago Journal. -
Anti-Americanism does not contunl the upper
house. This assurance should have been given
the President on every ground of national duty
and honor. Chicago Post.
Pacifists ask why with all tho money we have
spent on the nrmy and navy we are not ready for
defense. One of the reasons Is pacifist army and
navy experts. Chicago Tribune.
Authority may be variously exerted. It may
bo too rigidly exhibited. It may be too often
exerted. Happy are they who can be and are
Judicious in this matter. For theirs Is the
crown of success. Detroit Free Press.
The Swiss absolve democracy from the
charge of slovenliness. The Swiss Ueep their
premises in as goo I order, practice Just as
efficient national housekeeping as do tha Ger
mans across the border. Grand Rapids Press.
If Germany should declare war on the United
States simply because the United States to
maintain its self-respect, had broken oft dlu.
lomatlo relations, the responsibility would be
on Germany's head and not ours, Springfield
Republican.
It Is a calamity to a community to have its
members fighting one another In the courts On
this Idea, Peru in ancient times decreed that no
case In court should last longer than ten day's
That was, a good law, and helped make the'
glory of Peru at that time, n would prove a
good thing now. If universal arbitration could
not be established. Ohio State Journal.
TO A LOST FRIEND
Into my life you came, all Joy and sunny ways
You with your glad young heart aijd poetlore'
Bringing me eagerness and happy days, '
Teaching me truths I had not known before I
O, all the beauty that I found through you :
O, all the promise that you made me sea I
Life was a-thrlU with wonder, ever new,
Years were aflame with hope and mystery I
Now you are gone, half of tha charm has flown
Into Ii past I never can forget:
"The Gleam" Is wearisome to seek alone,
There U no Voice to comfort me. arid yet.
Though, you have strayed afar I have you till.
Bound with a tl no artbly iDa.ce can saver
"" ' "' "lvs, oiamir ner at win.
Peep la my heart foraver and frver 4
Boitiia Trssfet
What Do You Know?
if
Queries of general interest will be anitcerfj
in this column. Ten Questions, the eniiari
iu iuiich every wcii-tnformca person ihtfifi
unow, are asuca daily.
.
QUIZ
, ..
,. .nie n nenmnr uno was oneo 11 m.i7
nf dm t'nhlnrt, ad
2. How Ioiib lins stcnoernnhr been In ...Wfi
use? g
3. Vrlileh produce the grenter wealth hmoiS
In tho United Stntes, mnniifacturlojy
nsrlrulttiro? w
4. Nnme, If tliero Is nny, a city park la1)?
Unlteil Stales Jnrjter tlmn l'alrmiuY
Pnrlc. m
ft, tVhnt Is tlin cost of a ton of nnthrnclte e'V
stovo size, nt Ihe mines? "
fl. Hns n, city housing Inspector a rffM IT
...... ....i,n. ,. ,.,u ICIIIlllb UT OWBtJ
nln. n . IF ,1... ,.. -- -.
i
onjeetHV i
7. Is there 11 mrillelnnl cure for cancer' vllt!
tlie meillrnl profeftMon Inuorses?
8. Does Iilnhn toullt tho Mtiito of WmlilmUij
0. Who Is chnlrninn of the Way anil Mail
Committee of the llouso of Iteoreiettl
tlvcR of tho Unlteil States?
10. Is tho French "eventy-flve" n machine riv
a rule or n mortnr?
Answers to Yesterday's Quiz I
1. Colnmhiis had n ruilo Hextnnt for determls.
ing his latitude by observation of th fliel
IN
!
slurs.
2. No.
3. The "snllcnt," In military language, Ii tbl
outermost point of tho outermost forttfla?
3flr
.1
Hon; n projecting; allele.
4. George Bnkhmeteff.
S. A submnrlne usanlly travels on the iqrfiti
w nen appronomnK nn enemy u snoraeriH
Itself to 11 depth of a feet, leaving only lit
periscope above water. When It wlliK
to concenl Itself It sinks to depth Ttrjtii
from !i to 160 feet.
0. Three hours.
7. The Philadelphia policemen receive fns
SS.3R to $3 a day, according; to len(tkt(
service, with nn annual allowance 01 (l
n year In addition for uniforms.
8. Yes. Portsmouth. 1
0. The Ran l'ranclsro Chronicle.
10.. The speed of Zeppelins varies nccordlif Ji
site and equipment, but It averages ibid
SO miles an hour.
How to Reach New Hope
Editor 0 "What Do You Know" Kindly US
mo how to get to New Hope, Pa., by train ul
by foot, and from there to Lambertvllle, Ni
A Ion lat vnA bnniV linW ft 1- thfSA nlaCOS flTfl ffCQ
City Hall. ItEADBag
New Hope la on tho Philadelphia nnd Keumi
Railway, and can be reached by train frcjnjg.
Reading station at Maritet ana izin Hirecwj-
Kftdf rnntn frtr wnUrtno- would ho bv waV Of BfOW
street, north from tho City Hall to Its JuncfiM
will, f, nt.l Vnrlr rond. Then follow the TO
road to Willow Grove, and from Willow Oron
take tho highway, which virtually Paraneuj?
is on the New Jersey shore of tha Delaware, ,
poslto New Hope, with which It is oonnecw
a bridge. New Hope is 37 miles from tn m.
I
Hall,
Tlndim nf Pnvertv
JJdllor of "What Do You Know" When I it.
marneu mm. iiauycio u, w . il
wpnr n Rni-nln.1 distlmrulshlng mark a msa
.llui-on.! .i.ltl, mn nnd n!d that Ultra H
never have been so uncharitable a thing-MM
!
actual badge of poverty. Whtcn is nguii
D. L O.
Vnn nr rlcht. Those who received pui
relief In England were once required to W'
'badge of red or blue cloth attached I to W
Bhoulder of the right sleeve, marked wltn u
letter P for pauper, and the initial ieiw z.
1
parish to which they belonged.
Cm.r w..A T711 Ctnrv
Editor o "What Do You Know" I J?
nna in tno tew uookb oi rcicon-o : vlji
hand tha origin of the saying, "a cock n
story." I appeal to you for help. j
There are different explanations given, butw
most interesting Is that It Is a wnruptlom''
.ry." BW
agfemtw
tho saying, "A concocted and bully story. -i
IB tlUII, l0 ...M., .-.-..-..., .-.-
lied Letter Days
Editor 0 "What Do You Know" U . "J,
letter day anything more than a day m wg
something happens of great Importance W yji
self? DAB BJM
As commonly used at present, tha "$
m.,ih,a nn (mnnptflnt or memorable occsz?
but originally It referred to the more '"Pffijl
. .,....,. ., i., .! th church. -?-
appear in the palendar in red rather "fi
black' letters. m
Quiz Suggestions m
JVUHOr O "IVIlUi jju ira nn -' OT
talnment and Instruction derived from Jj
column everv day Is worth more than toea
of the paper, In fact, myiself and family wsj
hardly fix a money price on the lnforro?Jr&;
nave guinea unite wu iio vv.. ----- -,-
column. I have been saving xnai poriwt jn
paper for julte a while, with tne mu
making a scrapbook especially of trie J
branch. Could you let me know tha dM
issue when the department started, and wn
I could purchase the pacK numor-'
In reference to the scrapbook prop08"!
have a suggestion to offer whipb, J bellV
be of benefit to myself and others wnw v
thinking of saving them for tha wff'i
course. It Is merely n suggestion, ana
tlrely "up to. ypu" how you act on it tf
eestion ia that von start to number "19.
department, something like this Quljf No, s'Mm
whatever woum do tne proper nw"'t
I Answers to iuw o 39 Tnerp vow
I great trouble or bother In keeping t"1
sequence ti tuu wera followed ,
YE
Philadelphia, JlWSb 3. ir?"
No, , lbWary J, jfcj, Yea. to
MtM(JigaAtii sewrfderaUon-
J
J
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