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EVEK1NG LEDGEft-PftlLADELPHIA, THURSDAY. FEBftUABY t
1916.
50,000 TEUTONS
AND BULGARS ON
RUMANIAN LINE
Bucharest Keports Scout
Aeroplanes Witnessed
Trench Digging
OURAZZO BATTL& OPENED
Jtavaders o Albatiia Form Junc
tion Essad Pasha
Attacked
London, Feb. :.
Fifty thousand German nnd Ihllgarlnn
froops havo been concentrated on the
Rumanian frontier, according to advices
from Bucharest.
This wna estnbllslicd by a reconnolter
in flight of thrco Kumnnlati aeroplanes
which crossed tho boundary and Hew
above Bulgarian territory.
Tho military observers reported that
the . Germnn-Bulgar forces wero con
structing trenches, but hnd no heavy
artillery.
The" aoroplarics were Rhclled violently,
but recrosecd the frontier in safety.
TH final struggle for the mastery of
AlbnolH has bgirun, according to dls
patchei recelved'ln London.
The. A'ustrians "And Bulgarians Havo
succeeded In forming a Junction nnd their
combined armies are now In contact with
Essad Pasha's army of Albanians, .Monte
negrins and Serbians which Ib defending
Durazzo. Tho Italian expedition Is still
at Valona, -
Tho Rumanian Consul at Snlonien has
notified all .reservists remaining In that
city to return to Rumania Immediately,
says a Ha van Athena dispatch.
Thirteen French aeroplanes raided tho
town and camps of Strumnitza, Bulgaria,
yesterday, according to a neuter Salonica
dispatch. The machines dropped 158
bombs, causing several Arcs, and returned
to their base' untouched.
BULGARIANS DISHEARTENED
Army Losses Amount to 150,000, It Is
Reported
. LONDON, Feb. 1". The London Dally
News has received the following dispatch
from Its Rome correspondent:
"A 'neutral diplomatist recently returned
from. Bulgaria Bays tho Bulgarian losses
amount to 15Q.O0O men. Tho army is now
reduced to about 180,000, .and Is Insulllcicnt
,to aid the Germans In an attack on Sal
inlca. ,
, "The Bulgarian soldiers aro on short
rations, 'as the- Germans havo 'requisi
tioned all supplies of wheat. They are
disheartened nnd tired of tho war, nnd
fear Russian reprisals In the near futute.
"The King is blamed for selling tho
country to tho Germans, and Is becom
ing unpopular. Jlia Jouritay to Germany
and Austria was taken because he feared
It would bo impossible to avert a revolu
tion unless tho Austro-Germans organized
timely measures. Theso the King per
sonally urged at Vienna and Berlin."
'40,000 TURKS CAPTURED
AT ERZERUM'S FALL
Continued from 1'nge Ono
Nicholas today sent a message of con
gratulation to tho Grand Duke.
PARIS, Feb. 17.
The capture of Erzcrum has placed Asia
llnor.'at .the mercy of the Russians, in
the opinion of French military experts.
Tho Jtusslans' vlqtory at .rzcrum Is call
od the most Important" since the 'French
nuccess lp champagne last year.
Far-reaching results are expected from
the capture of Eracrum. The bulk of the
Russian forces is expected to move
against the Turkish lines of communica
tions supplying tho troops in Mesopo
tamia. Grand Duke Nicholas' capture of the
Turkish stronghold of Erzerum. it is ex
pected, will havo an Indirect effect on the
fate of tho British army Immured In Kut-el-Amara,
Mesopotamia. Kut Is -175
miles from Erzerum. which lies on the
opposite side of a mountain range, so
there Is no possibility of direct Russian
assistance, but ltU believed that Turkey
will be diverted from pressing the Meso
potamia campaign. A Russian drive upon
Constantinople Is likewise considered In
feasible, since, although the distance be
tween Krzerum and the Sultan's capital
Is only 625 miles, the terrain is almost
Invlolabje. from a mllltar standpoint on
aocqunt of its dinicult mountainous char
acter. The Russians will probably -launch an
offensive against Trebizond, tho Moslem
port on the Black Sea.
Controlling the roads through Armenia,
with access to Trebizond, Tabriz and
Mesopotamia, the capture of Krzerum, the
Metz of Armenia,, is calculated to have
Immense strategic importance in the Rus
sian campaign. In the Caucasus, -and It
will Indirectly affect the Balkan campaign
by relieving the pressure on the Allies at
Salonica.
Great military advantage has thus been
wop (by Russia In ther reduction of Krze,
rum. The 'whole of northern Armenia
now lies open to" the Grand Duke, with
only such defenses to oppose him as the
Turks have been able to erect at brief
notice. He is only 130, mllest from the,
Russian army moving west around Lake
Van, and he is In a position seriously to
threaten, at least, the line of communica
tions connecting the Bosporus with the
Turkish army engaged with the British
In Mesopotamia, Three Russian columns.
In fact, now are converging in tlila gen
eral region; the army In Erzerum, which
will coma or already is coming south; the
Lake Van army, and the force in Persia
operating west from JIamadan,
Erzerum Is situated on the caravan
route from the Black, Sea at Trebizond
tu the Persian Gulf, and Is connected by
railroads and 'good post roads with the
other frontier towns.
CAME TO. U.S. TO DIE
lion "Who Left Ireland to Escape Con
scription Dies of Injuries ,
Robert Garvin' was 'too much of' an
Irish patriot to fight for England, so ha
got put qt that part at the British- Um
pire where the County of Cork l and
came to this country before the English
authorities began to stop emigration of
Irishmen.
Just before he ded,h!i morning In
Copper Hupltal, Camden, he said to his
nurse
'Wen. I'm killed fighting for my wife
and family. That's better than fighting
lor country I don't love." Then he ex
plained be had come over here to avoid
conscription, and passed pway-
Oarvln waa crushed by & crane yester
day at the plant of the New York Ship
building' Company. He was T year old,
and at hia -boarding house, 1171 Kaddon
avenue, all the police were able to learn
was the indefinite address of Cork. He
leaves a wife and three children in Ire
land. He had planned to bring them to
thta pountry.
Beater Wa Cause of McFadden fire
If was learned toddy that the fire Txieu
ilay to the home of John. H. JI Fadden,
t Wtb and Walnut streets, when the
valuable, painting', "Miss Ntlthrop," by
Lawrence, waa burned, was caused by
ins heater In thw basement Immediately
ttw that portion of the dining room
whr tn picture km hnug- It waa r
fcrtt at tfc th t th &w Mmi d.
The War Today
Rumanian nit scouts report the
presence of 60,000 Germans nnd
Bulgars across" the border. Buch
arest dispatches report that this
army is intrenching. The activity
on the Bulgarian border is consid
ered by way of menacing warning
to Rumania against entrance into
the war on tho side of the Allies,
.The conquest of Erzerum, tho
first important Russian victory
since tho retreat from the Carpa
thinns began nearly n year ago,
has stirred the Russian people to
great depths of patriotism. It is
declnrod tho Grand Duke's triumph
is only tho prelude to greater vic
tories that will carry tho Czar's
armies sweeping bnck through Po
land and Galicin before summer.
One dispatch says that the Turks
are fleeing westward, abandoning
part of their artillery. This is
taken to mean that the larger part
of the Turkish garrison, variously
catlmntcd nt from 80.000 to 160,000
men, has csenped. The capture of
Erzerum means the collapse of nil
Turkish plans of conquest in
Persin, military men believe, and
possibly will force tho Turks to
abandon their plans to invade
Egypt.
Thnt a breathing spell, perhaps
preliminary to greater efforts on
the western front, is taking plnco
is revealed by tho official report of
the Paris War Office, which says
thnt nothing of importance occurred
yesterday or Inst night.
IRISH SEDITION
GROWS; BRITISH
UNEARTH PLOT
Evidences of Treason Cam
paign Alarms English
Government
ARMS FOUND IN DUBLIN
GALE TAKES HEAVY
TOLL IN BRITISH ISLES
Millions of Dollars Lost Ten
Fishing Boats Fail
to Report
LONDON", Feb. U.-JIIlllons of dollars'
damage hns been done by the Knlo which
swept over tho British Isles, the North
Sen nnd the coast of Holland during tho
last Zi hours. It Is feared that there has
been considerable loss of life nt sea, for
nt lenst 10 fishing boats, which received
no ndvnnce notice of the approaching
storm, have fnllcd to report to their homo
ports. They carried a total of about SO
seamen.
The work of tho British patrol fleet of
warships hns been rcntly hampered, and
ninny of the ships hnd to seek anchorage.
However, there was no danger from at
tack, as the sens were so high that enemy
ships could not approach the const. Many
mines have been unshed ashore, having
broken from their moorings.
Tho Norwegian stenmshlp HJordls was
blown ashore on Makeney Point, near
Noifolk, ami 10 men were drowned. The
seamen were trying to reach shore In
lifeboats when ono of the boats was
swamped.
REPORT OF COLONEL HOUSE
CHANGED WILSON'S VIEWS
Former Premier of France Scores
President's Policies on Lusitania
LONDON. Feb 17. - That Colonel Ed
ward I. House's visit to Berlin had n
marked effect upon President Wilson's at
titude townrd Gcrmnny Is the assertion
made by George Clemcnceau, formor
Premier of France, In an article which he
publishes in his newspaper today.
"It Is most significant," says the cc-
Premler, "that provlous to tho completion
of Colonel House's mission President "Wil
son was disposed to be adamantine In his
demand for a I.usltnnln disavowal, but
no sooner was Colonel House's report In
his hands than he fell on Count von Dein
storff's neck."
Explaining House's mission to Paris,
Clemencenu says:
"A friend of the colonel confided to me
that House was charged to try out the
Allies on tho BUbJcct of Wllsonian peace
mediation. I am In a position to stnte
authoritatively that the presidential on
voy had not long to wait for a negative
reply."
TURKS KILL 2000 IIRITISII
IN FURIOUS FIUHT NEAR KUT
Ottoman Airmen Drop Bombs on
Enemy's Batteries
CONSTANTINOPLE, Feb. 17.
The loss of 2000 British troops In a nght
near Kut-el-Amnra Is reported by the
Turkish "War Ofllce today. The following
statement was given out:
"Irak front (Mesopotamia) Turkish air
men flew over the enemy's batteries at
Kut-el-Amnra and dropped 12 bombs,
which did much damage. The enemy lost
2000 men and 300 beasts of burden In a
fight In which they were defeated near
Iiatllla. Numerous dead wero left behind
during their retreat
"Near Aden a detachment of the enemy
was cut off and annihilated."
p
- - - - - - - - - ' - - - -
Here's a New
Upright Piano
AT
$185
Stool, Scarf and a ear's free tuning,
Easy Payments
G.W. HuverCo.
Jlome of Hfrylco
1031-33 Chestnut St.
Vlclrolm KccorJi
..At'.'mt'm
3ZJ
Mut be mighty comforting to
the man who phone for
structural lumber to know
we start filling bit. order ai
soon as be finishes phoning.
IMMEDIATE SHIPMENTS
With the underline at "Im
mediate 1"
EdwardF.Henson&Co,
t trwtvral Luwfcti" and Jlmbtr
LONDON, Feb. 17
Anxiety verging on alarm Is being
caused In Government circles by the
situation In trelnnd. Not only Is Ireland,
apathetic toward the wnr. but evidences
of n seditious nnll-Govcrnment campaign
have been unenrthed.
With n freedom which Is regarded as
most unusual, tho censor Is allowing the
milillrntlnn nf certain facts pointing to
deep political unrest In Irelnnd. The nntl
Government campaign apparently hns Its
headquarters In Dublin, from which city
the netlvltles arc being directed.
The police have raided a number of
houses nnd hnvo suppressed at least 10
newspapers within the past Tew weeks.
Enlistments In Irelnnd have fallen oft
to such nn extent thnt the Times cx
pi esses tho fear that iho famous Irish
icglments will hnvo to bo filled with
men reciulted In England and Scotland
In a short tlmo.
Alrendy considerable drafts from Eng
lish and Scottish regiments have been
put Into oomn of tho Irish battalions.
More than 100 English cnviilrjmcn are
now solving In one of the most famous
of tho Iilsh regiments of tho line.
Another gtcnt Irish battalion, which has
distinguished itself In past wars, Is 3trf
men short of Its full complement.
Although Ireland has a male population
of 2.1B2.0W, fewer than 85,000 men have
enlisted sinco tho outbreak of tho wnr.
Tho tide of Immigration to the United
States became bo great that tho Govern
ment hnd to stop It.
from Dublin today:
"Members of tho Sinn Fein organiza
tion have become so bold In the dissem
ination of their propaganda thnt it hns
been decided to adopt a sterner policy
townid them. It Is learned that when
tho home of Countess Mnrklcvlcz In Dub
lin was raided leccntly letters were
found which led to tho discovery of nn
nrsennl In Great Brunswick street, Dub
lin. Tho police seal chert a number of
houses, securing a great supply of rifles,
pistols nnd ammunition, ns well ns two
machine guns, which hnd been Bccreted
In defiance of the defense of the realm
net."
BIG DEMOCRATIC 'GUNS'
IN DEFENSE SKIRMISH
House Caucus Tonight on Sugar
Tariff Repeal to Be Revenue
Battleground
"WASHINGTON. Feb. 17.-Houso Demo
crats will have their first family discus
sion of revonuo legislation. They will
caucus on tho Administration bill to re
peal the "WlUon-Underwood tariff's clause
providing for placing of sugar on the
free list May 1.
Democratic pacifists, while promising
little objection to the program of con
tinuing present duties on sugar, planned
to start tho fight tonight agnlnst further
taxation for raising preparedness reve
nues. They threatened to bring up tho
wholn revenue problem for a 'preliminary
skirmish nnd test the strength of Demo
cratic "Insurgency" against preparedness.
Democratic Leader Kltchln predicted to
day the "free sugar" repeal would be
npproved by tho caucus virtually without
division. Administration leaders also
planned to head off general revenue legis
lation. Kltchln expects to bilng the free sugar
repeal bill before th House before the
end of next week.
an electric
toaster
$3.25 is a remprkably
low price for a good
electric toaster. And
this toaster, which is
our February special,
has the added advan
tage of an ingenious
little device, by means
of which the bread,
while in the toaster, is
turned without hand
ling. "Also, the terms
to our customers
are very convenient
$1,25 down and the
balance in two monthly
payments of lxeach.
For pedple who like toast
there is no more satisfying
way of making it than by
using an electric- toaster.
It is easy, quick, convenient,
economical with a partic
ular appeal to people who
Hke their toast "just so."
Come In and see this Turnover
Toaster In actual use at the
Electric Shop or at our Dis
trict Otflce. Please note that the
SJIS price ami special terms
ore goodduring ttbruary only.
7e Philadelphia
ELECTMCiPMPANy
ttiYDfi LINEU SAVES FOUR
FROM SINKING! DAR0E
Passengers Witness Thrilling Rescue
Ofr Hntterns
NKW YORK, Feb. K.-Hnlf' dead from
exposure aher two days nnd nights oh a
drifting, water-logged barge, four men
were saved from whaty seemed certain
death by the Clyde liner Mohawk, Tues
day afternoon. Passengers ton' the Mb
hawk, which nrrlvcd Inst night, brought
the siory of the thrilling rescue.
Tho barge, the Harry F, Hooper, of
"Wilmington, Del., was sighted about flvo
miles off Cape Hntterns lightship.
The men on tho barge signaled that they
would try to como across in their own
boat. They launched It nnd got nwny
snfeiy. Several times the little boat, with
threo men rowing and balling, sank from
sight of the Mohawk's passengers, nnd It
seemed ns If the grcnt waves would en
gulf It, but they finally managed to rench
tho Mohawk.
$850,000 Paid for $30,000 Ship
NKW YOItK, Feb. IT. The steamship
Dunholmc, sold four years ngo ns a flre
btnekened bulk for $30,000. has been
hotight for approximately $850,000 by the
Standard Oil Company, 'her late owners
hnvo nnnounced They added thnt sho
would Boon leno this port for tho Kast
with oil In enses
SERIES OP ATTACKS ON WE&T
FRONT HERALD BIG OFFENSIVE
Germans Strike to Prevent Allies From Getting Flying
Start Berlin Fears Crushing Assaults on Flanks
( in Artois and Champagne
Bv WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS
Manaatr I'dfii Iturcau o the Vnlted Vret
NEW YORK. Feb. 17.-llas tho long
expected big offensive begun along the
western front7 Are tho dally smashes
In Artois nnd Chnmpngno tho prelude
to an early attempt to pierce the lines
nnd the start of a drle townrd rnrls.
Calais or Cologno7 if not. what Is the
meaning of tho hot fighting now going
on In Frnnce7
Dcsplto the continuous pounding of
...iiirv nil olnnir ihn line, and the spirit-
Wed clashes of Infnntry for the possession
of certain sections or irencru-, m-- in
dications nre that the big offensive, from
cither dit Is still some dlstanto olT. Ap
parently both Germany nnd the Allies nro
Jockeying fpr position, playing for the
Inside track. As Rt n horse rnco where
tho field Is large, the ponies, young, high
strung nnd nervous, maneuvering for the
get-away Is likely to be rnthcr long nnd
tedious, with somo fnlso stnrts.
.Thorn U no doubt hut that Oermany
Is expecting the Allies to launch a ter
rific nuneh naalnst her In the spring. This
blow, sho reasons, after looking nt tho
map. Is likely to fall In Champagne and
In Artois, north of Arras, or that vicinity.
The bnttlellne Is shaped something like
the letter 1 If the German line can be
broken over an extended front along the
bottom of tho I. (In the Champagne) and
along the top of the It (around Arras), the
forces holding the corner will have to re
tire, even though unattneked, lest they bo
cut off by a junction of the two drives
beginning In Champagne nnd Artois.
This Is probably tho explanation of the
frenzied attacks hurled iy the Germans
ngnlnst the Allies In these two regions.
They wish to prevent the French getting
n good toehold from which to make tho
spring l.ast September the French
worked several week digging nddltlonnl
trenches back of their first lino In Cham
pagne, facilitating the movo which re
sulted In a gain of some three miles along
a 15-tnlle front. The Germans aro un
doubtedly trying to harass the Allies to
shch an estent, by daily ,i .i
not proceed without h3?,
Ofi f hn ntttfa Iiah.i it.
doubted!, prepared forn blOM
fenslve. It Is belUv i.5..V.e.riBt
said Ut Pari, .that German pubit
Ion ht homo will demand aeMni
western theatre of wari nd F rZ
have, beyond any doubt, beer f fc
meet the attack. This may conTO
.ecu., in nn cuori 10 reach th ri -
In tho Comnleane. anl... . ,?. Chst
districts with Paris as tha m.!??m
both may como together, Or-a;;,4S
seek a new route to rarls from is
cm frontier. ,n ..
In ahy event, It seems little In,,,, ,.
any really serious offensive will b. Li"
taken by either side until .!!; ..M
l'r"so0",,;"2uRii ",."' rffi
European war's backbone Is comn'mJ?
big guns and field pieces anaffiW
numbers of them nro absolutely tiS
to dynamite nn army's way tSlrl
Too, these guns need nmmunlllM I
Iri l,..ln tlnl,Bor.1.nr ..,.-... i '" "'"OH tt
tnt Intr the free c rcu nt nn. h.lt. .?!
! lines, of Innumerable nuto tnixv?
short, rniny weather, with the $
pnnying muuraieu grauna, Dogs, cj
lollies, Is not cBpcclnlly helpful t6 -t, .,.
The present righting In France 'MS
foro, seems to bo only the share i 3
llmlnary clashes. r J&
mmut-JkaitiwsBiMnru
vi?gx:&mzi-Ju,jk:A,aiaa.m)zni,XMn
What Is Your Farm Worth?
y
You may want to borrow on it. The loan appraiser
will set the value. In this article he tells how he'd
figure your farm as a "going concern."
The Time To Sell a Horse
Farm chunk, drafter, mare and gelding each brings
top price in its own season. Here are tips for men
on both sides of the deal.
Ditching and Draining
Will it pay to drain this field of yours? How can
you tell where to put the ditches how make them
best? The instructions in this article are plain and
practical.
A Game and a Gamble
The true story of an implement dealer who decided
to sell for cash and charge for service. This article
tells what happened to him. It's one of a series.
From Brush to Blue Grass
A farmer had 300 acres of brush to clear. A big job.
It struck him that brush is goat feed. He put $501.78
into goats. Now he knows, and tells, how to use
them and whether they pay.
Spreading Yourself Too Thin
Herbert Quick, in his characteristic, pithy, kindly
way, advises against biting off more than you can
chew. A timely word from a good friend.
Your State Board of Health
Do you realize all it does to protect you, your family
and your livestock against disease? Do you know
what else it will do on request? A doctor tells you.
And a great deal more :
Florida's Neglected Products somedelicaciesyou've
never tasted ; -To Kill or Not To Kill about pests and
bounties; Diana of the Moorland third instalment
of the fascinating story by Louis Tracy ; The Black
Langshan, by Judge W. H. Card ; plans and itemized
costs of a Potato. -Storage House; how, to make,-, a
Porch Swih; Bean Crop diseases and 'their cures;
pointers about Your Title to Your Land ; Mushrooms
in the Cellar; a Woman's Club that does things;
pointers on cooking Dried Vegetables ;
And the regular farm and home
departments
1
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from any
newsdealer
or boy agent
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