10
EVENING LKDG BR PHILADELPHIA, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 9, 1916-
I.
SlttttlltJgjJiieagEiy
j PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
CUIUS H. K. CUftTIS, ritoiKT.
kSilfitl -ii"en. VlcPrld(ntj John C.Mnrlin.
jMgfiMS"' rhlllp " Co"""- ""'" :
EDITORIAL BOAnDt
Clara It. K. Coins, Chairman.
r. ,H. WHALST. ,...,. ........... , Executive Editor
JOHN C. MAttTIN... .,,.. general Uulnei Manager
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Ledger, Independence Square, Dillail'lphta.
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TIIB AVEHAOB NET PAID DAILY CIUCULA-
TION OP THE EVES't.Va I.EDOEIt
FOn DECEMUEIl WAS 00,783.
PIIILADELFltlA, WEDNESDAY. KEDPUAnY 9. 1916
Without the smile from partial beauty won,
Oh what xcerc man a world without n sun.
Thomas Campbell.
Prlnco Oscar has liecn wounded,
think he's tho Crpwn Prince.
MUSt
It la understood that Colonel Roosevelt's
next book will be called "The Art of Being a
Grandfather."
The actresses who are buying Julia Mar
lowe's costumes will havo to acquire some
thing elso before they can rival her on tho
stage.
Tho "Paris" which will bo Imported for tho
Poor Richard Club's anniversary will bo a
spring model, 1914. The more up-to-date
Paris Isn't half so appropriate.
Grover Cleveland wrote during his honey
moon that life was one long, sweet song.
Qcraldlne Farrar, In similar circumstances,
docs not havo to write It. She can sing It.
Farmers are blaming the city for the cost
of living. They apparently learn nothing
from tho bright streams of Invective which
are pouring like lava upon them each market
day by tho city's housewives.
For tho longest and largest laugh in many
month? wo give the prize to General Venus
tlano Carranza. Tho bowhlskcrqd Prexy haa
announced that In order to enter Mexico a
man must possess 150 In gold. Ho forgot to
add, "and in plain sight."
A great load has been removed from many
manly breasts. It seems that Woodrow Wil
son is a candidate for renomlnatlon, as he
allowed his name to go on tho Indiana bal
lots. And for these many months everybody
thought ho was going to retire.
It Is 104 years sluco Charles Dickens was
born, and tho man who will not read a chap
ter of "Pickwick" in his honor, who deliber
ately refuses to read such a ?hapter, deserves
, novcr to have tho pleasure of reading It.
That In Itself Is punishment enough.
Senator Smith, of Michigan, Is not sur
prised that tho Democrats want to get rid of
tho Philippines, as they have more territory
on this continent than they can govern hap
pily or prosperously. When he talks tli'?
way It Is not surprising that ho Is the favor
He son of tho Michigan Republicans.
Nino months nnd one day after the sink
ing of the Lusltania the report Is given out,
With every circumstance of authority, that
tho caso Is settled. Previous announce
ments were to the effect that the United'
States had neither Increased nor dlmishcd
her demands on Germany, so that the terms
of agreement must be a virtual concession
on the part of the offending nation.
Kltcltenr goes, n little discredited by the
failure for which ho Is not to blame. Jlo
served his country.and his devotion was never
in doubt. But against him was arrayed one
enemy whom ho could not destroy through
the power of his Indomitable will. He met
and overcame sloth and suspicion and disloy
alty. But Old Age lurked around tho corner,
' and It was England's misfortune more than
Kitchener's that this last enemy should come
when Kitchener's work was o needed.
If Industrial preparedness goes hand In
hand with military preparedness, then flnan
clal conscription cannot tag far behind mill
tnry service. In France, where they do many
things without fuss, the Chamber of Depu
ties is discussing a plan for the taxing of war
profits. The tax will go, In part, to support
the families of those lost in the war. It will
be a super-pension fund. If it Is not legal, it
Will probably bo legalized, for thero Is a ques
tion of human right and human duty In
volved In this which no law can withstand.
The alumni of tho Central High School has
lwaya been a body alert in the public Interest
and untiring In Us efforts to better Philadel
phia. The S2d graduating class of tho insti
tution has sent a. memorial to the Board of
Education urging a course n military sci
ence for the school, and has followed that
with BQme.tb.lng more definite. The first sub
scription has already ' been made by Dr.
Joseph teldy toward a largo fund to pay for
the course. Should the Board of Education
told- nothing- to prevent. It, Is unquestioned
that the entire sura will be raised, for when
tho good name of the school and tho good of
the eity are concerned Central's alumni are
always "present."
The mere lack of newa is sometime? a
nrer indication of what Is going qn In the
war stones than many accounts of activity,
it seems clear that the first German opera
timl o.f ten days ago wag dropped Just as sud
denly as the great offensive movement of the
Mlis last September, and probably for thvi
sum rsason. The cost of breaking througn
lit prohibitive tnd the possible gain very
$Qgbta for were extension Qt the lino would
reault It leading a dangerous salient upon
hlch enemy Are intent be driven from (wo
Hide mid ths "ront. If cither side toi-ld
bMafc, ibrugh over a .'ront, aided b natural
4xiuMSt, vr toukl Urtii tpgh tn uel
I'iitfiUfcii) that toey nqwlik ravJ up the twern
' tb meh 3uJ Wt- tie ami, hW9?er imsit.
jild b 9te iyu- Bw OwKita. fe-j I
Blven It up, and now the Germans, moving
thclf centre of operations hither and thither,
In search of a weak spot, nre confessing that
the Allies wero right, Although they eeem
Intent on trying It ngaln. Mnhanlsm still la
miles ahead of Moltkclsm. The Incorrupt
ible sea does not yield to tho land.
APPLY "KULTUR" TO THE TARIFF
Oermnnj
nnns'n Tnrlfr Commlnlnn spenl nre
"tmlylnir the intention before mnk-
yrnm filimylnir the etitr
Ins? n report. 4. morion ffinnnf Tvnltf MO
long, Inn It ntinntil hnve n commission of
evperlei n iixmImI Cnnurc.i In limklnK the
chntigc In (he tnHrr tnv nrresunrv lo
protect nur frmlc from flic mill of the
nnflon of Kurnpe mnilp hungry lir wnr.
rriHB success of the proposed Tariff Com-J-
mission will depend Inrcoly upon Us loy
alty to the American principle of protection.
A vnBt majority of tho voters believe In pro
tecting American marknts nnd developing
American Industries. They bellevo that a
tariff Is the most cniclent weapon for use In
lighting foreign competition nnd for opening
new morkrls to American gnorls: that Is, a
tnrlff Intelligently conceived and honestly
nppllcd.
They will let who will talk about the "prin
ciple" of free trade so long as tho policy of
protection Is admitted to be the most expedi
ent for tho United States.
A tariff commission composed of men who
are Americans first, nnd big enough Ameri
cans to bellove that a man Is not necessarily
a criminal because he happens In be doing a
large business, nnd. nftrr that, are familiar
with tho fundamental principles of economics
and tho methods of modem business, can lift
the tnrlff question from the ruck of sordid
selfishness In which It has been weltering.
It Is essential that there should bo general
agreement In advance iibniil wh.ir Hip cnm.
mlRsInn lii In In
There was such an agreement In Germany
p. few years ago, when that country was con
fronted with tho necessity of revising Its cus
toms laws In order lo make markets abroad
for Its surplus products, and to vrotcct its
home markets against tho ruinous competi
tion of the manufacturing nations whose
trado leaders had grown gray In the service.
Germany went at tho task with the same
kind of thoroughness that she lias shown .'n
waging war for tho pnst eighteen month".
She did not commit the duty of framing a
now law to a committee of Parliament, with
Instructions to rush somo kind of a bill
through as quickly as possible. She decided,
In the first place, that the new law should he
framed In such n way ns to benefit every
Gcrmnn Industry tn tho greatest possible ex
tent. Then a special commission of thirty
two able men was created. They wero rep
resentatives of tho manufacturers, the whole
salers and the retailers, and the farmers
that is, tho men who were Interested In pro
duction Joined In preparing the schedules
with the men who were Informed ns to, tho
rights of tho consumers through close con
tact wljji them. They were assisted by tho
exports of every department of the Govern
ment which dealt cither with revenue or with
trade, and by experts Informed on technical
questions, of manufacture.
Fully two thousand qualified persons wero
consulted. Five years were consumed In pre
liminary Investigations, two years of which
were devoted to revising the classification of
Imported articles and making them so clear
and definite that nn Importer might know
what rate of duty he would havo to pay on
each closs of goods. Tho Importance of this
phaso of their work enn be understood when
It Is recalled that our Hoard of General Ap
praisers receive? about PO.ono protests a year
ngnln.it the classification and rate of duty
fixed by the Collectors of Customs.
Then, when the German tnrlff bill was
prepared, after five years of preliminary
study, the Parliament debated It for ten
months before i asslng It.
TIiIm Is what bnnpens '"hen the most ef
ficient nation In the world sets about tariff
revision.
No adequate and satisfactory revision of
tho American tnrlff can be made unless It Is
undertaken with similar thoroughness nnd
similar unity of purnose.
A commission of five members could not do
the work as It should be done in less than
ten years. When the House of Representa
tives wanted to know something about tho
merits of tho wood pulp tnrlff in 190S It ap
pointed a committee of six to make an Inves
tigation. Tho committee snt for four months
and took 4000 pages of testimony without
completing Its work: nnd yet the wood pulp
question would seem tn be simple, ns It nf
fects only th" Daper making nnd the lumber
Industries.
Wo cannot wait ten years, however, before
adjusting the tariff to meet the conditions
that will bo upon us tho moment peace Is de
clared In Durope. Tho Allies nre already talk
ing of a zollvercln, the purpose of which will
be to protect them ngalnst German compe
tition In their own markets when tho war
er.ds. if Germany Is kept out of the markets
of France, Russia and Knglnnd by the work
ings of a tariff and bv tho hostility of tho
people she will seek markets here, ns the
Allied Powers will seek to sell to us tho goods
which before tho war tlioy wero selling to the
Central Empires. Something must bo done at
or.ee. It can be done better under tho ndvlce
of such experts as should bo nppolnted to tho
commission than through the action of Con
gress, unassisted by the experts.
Congress Is expected to pass the Ralney
bill In some form without delay. It Is a bet
ter bill than the Democracy would have
countenanced a year ago. The Republican
nnd Democratic leadern agree on It In princi
ple. They ought to find It easy to agree on
details which will make the creation of n
workable commission possible In the near
future.
FEDERAL DUTY AND PRIVATE RIGHT
SKNATOR PENROSK has never been ac.
cused of being a scandalmonger, and his
Ipng career In public service )as made him a
prophet not to be despised, Yet he seems to
haye gone over to the camp of the political
barkers In his assertion that a Federal armor
plate factory will cause Bethlehem and Mid
vale to dismantle.
The purppse of the Federal plant is to sup
plement and regulate the supply pf armor
plate which private manufacturers can turn
out.
Bethlehem and Mldvale have weathered
storms' hi tlmos of the most moderate Federal
outlay for armor plate. The pew plant would
take up part of the excess demand, and there
would bo more than enough to keep many
private firms busy. The right of private en.
terprise is accepted in the United States, but
tt will not have deep respect if the armor
plate manufacturers carry out the veiled
threat of raiding the price of plate by 9200 a
ton, causing an outlay of ?I.000.DW more lu
the present pruifra.ni of naval building. If tho
(joventngt 1$ really to be o much the sav
9t t&e njjsiulaturerK, the. sooner Jt hasi a,
wguWInjr vglv th bttw
Tom Daly's Column
"COME, AM. TEI"
Doctor Johnaon, I think It wan, told how n
profane flahwnman of Itllllngsitate mi silenced
when an urbane Individual cnlled her a par
nllellplpedon. To her It wan tho moat coloaaal
oath. tllrord In P. Ii.
COMB alt ye thrue-born Irishmen nnd
folly afthcr mol
We'll massacreo this lad that slights our
hero, Dan O'C.
"Now was It Doctor Johnson? I think It
was," ocz he;
Hut well ho ought to know, bcgobsl that that
could never bo.
tt was the great O'Conncll who set oiild Ire
land free
Ho called tho fishwife that an' checked her
wild profanity.
Come all yo thruc-born Irishmen and folly
afthcr me,
We'll massacreo this lad that slights our
hero, Dan O'C.
Gems From "Luck In Disguise"
f. novel written In Bond fnllli bv William T.
IcMcr, revised nnd punctuated by I I". Culter
ninl published In 18M) by the John W. I.ovell Coni
pany, of Now York.)
"TTTi: MM-'T Mrs. Menus discussing with her
VV husband the core of tholr son.
She feared, rhoiild she Introduce the suhleel,
thnt he would enter Into n IctiRthly discussion,
endeavoring to substantiate In licr mlnil, by
numerous lnfcrrin.es nnil loKlcal syllogisms,
Hint hor projects weie gauzy and woman's folly,
nnd thus weaken her faith.
Much to lirr surprise lie ninito no lesponee
al nil. but toolt It In calmly nnd without llio
slightest porccptuble Irritation of mind.
H'hllc she was enKngeil In administering to .
him the Inw, pecullnr to her sex onl, she
omplintlcnlly Imptesseil her thoughts nnd, ns
she Imagined, In a harmonious way, exercising
nil the while nn egotistical Importance thnt
would discount ii symphorlnl nssemblaRc of
learned philosophers, he, .Mr. Means, kept his
eyes vnguely In the direction of the window.
Ills seeming Inertness of mind, on tho subject,
proved conclusively to Mrs. Means the Inapti
tude of her remarks on his mind In the end.
Several minutes had clnpscd ere tho silence was
broken.
Tho unusual mum of 'Mr. Means on this occa
sion created an ardent desire In the Iiren3t
of his better half, to know whether or not her
strong language had hnd Its desired effect or,
hail Irritated him, nn after pondering the matter
over In her mind, she thought best to let tho
matter rest for the tlmo being and Introduce
a now subject, believing the seed she wns en
deavoring to sow would fall on productive soil.
So she thought she would question him re
guardlug tho anticipated trip to Cincinnati he
was preparing to make In a few days.
(TO HE CONTINUED.)
.Satisfaction All 'Round
Wo dean and dye
To eatlafy
lloth juu nnd I.
Ad In trolley-nirw.
And why not try
Excuse our hammer!
To satisfy
The rules of grammar'.'
Extra!
Ileirlnntnir tomorrim, up will print, lit two con
eiii(lp InMiilmrnti,
(Ice! He Knew Thco. E. Hill!
II. H.
A Fikrlih r the early 'nlrucclrn of the fnmoua
nutlinr of "JIIII'h .Mnntuil nf Ntrlnt nnd lliotlneas
l'nrmi."
tlrdrr Your Taper Now !
Wo think lie's going to be disappointed,
but It Hcems to us a certain ex-President,
to paraphrase T. Gray's lines, behoves
Tho boast of heraldry, the pomp of power.
And all that beauty, all that .wealth o'er
gave
Await alike the Inevitable It.
In ISIS, tills is what .li.lin Horn, then of
No. 5C South 10th street, was selling to tho
cnrrluge-folk of thin town. How do you sup
pose milord or milady got Into the curious
tonnenu?
SOME rascally make-up man lifted from our
overset galley a poem by ono of our con
tributors nnd plugged up n nolo with It In tho
editorial pngo of this morning's "P. I" Ha!
Hal Served him right! Tho proof hod not
been read and so the parenthetical lino under
tho title, "An Ancient Gaelic Phantasy,"
appears In tho "P. 1,," "An Ancient Gallic
Phantnby."
Tir-Na-Nogue
"An Ancient Oaello Phantaey,"
Tlr-nn-Noguo Is fur away;
'TIs an island In tho sny;
And indeed 'tin nlways day
In Tlr-nn-Nogue.
Sure, there Is no sorrow there,
Nor tho dlvvlo a bit of care
(Mirth nnd laughter everywhere)
In Tir-na-Nogue.
And ho sky Is always blue;
And tho freshest morning dew
Makes the whole world look like new
In Tlr-nn-Nogue.
Ay. tho hills aro always green;
And tho streams that run between
Havo the finest silver sheen
In Tlr-na-Nogue.
There the Bweetest songs aro sung
That wero ever on the tongue;
For tho people aro all young
In Tlr-na-Nogue,
M. C. DONOVAN.
Classifying Your Countrymen
I.
"When they goln' to funerallze him?"
Who speaks to, by palm or pine,
It Is sure to advertise him
As of Charleston, South CarUlne,
II.
And If, walking forth again, ye
Hear one say; "Where am I at?"
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
Surely is his habitat,
What's Your Favorite Simile?
"She's us sweet as the thoughts of a
mother."
"I have a tails In my mouth like a
younif
burnt
ruuuer Buiii.
"He's as popular as a wet dog at a young ladles'
picnic."
"He s as welcome an a fox In a chicken coop."
"He's as welcome as a coffin at a wooden
weddlnj." Thraneen.
i . .
Class or Two Ahead of Us
I've a yearning after knowledge
And, since you have been to college,
I'css bly you may appejso It:
What kid Brst Invented "Cheese It!"?
T. F. D,
"It you cnuld only hane around here at the
4lnn,er hour," said one of our earnest helper-,
"ym'4 hear om? pretty tunny pronouncla
U0H3.V
.a-.t-V," ' "T '
! 1tf".
Vkllh.lMl (MJt HKMtu
2k
.: ; .. !-;:v
Vt-Jif f
ttl-n- .-J""
..-rMfZT'JyZ
.. i"- vW!j
.t"Z---
,XftfO'J-M,
TELEPHONE CHIEF
IS ALSO A FARMER
Theodore N. Vail a "Rural Lifer."
Always a Hard Working Pro
gressive Helped Develop the
Railway Mail Service
SOMETIMES Theodore Newton Vnll Is sot
down In books of referenco as a capital
ist, sometimes ns a farmer. Ho's a progres
sive In both professions. That Is to sny, tho
times never got ahead of him. To this man,
with his marvelous genius
for organization, Is due In
largo part tho perform
ance of thoso recent mira
cles of the wireless tele
phone which havo so
amazed tho world. To
say so Is not to rob tho
engineers under him of
the credit for their part
In tho achievement; It is
simply to accord to tho
muster mind of tho tclo-
T x ' ah, phono business a sharo
of credit for his generalship.
Ho owns a largo farm at Lyndonvllle, Vt.,
nnd there ho makes his homo. In tho town
of Lyndon he has established an agricultural
school which Is one of tho Influential agencies
of agricultural progress in tho Green Moun
tain State. There are several similar schools
In Vermont, conducted under State auspices,
but none Is bolter equipped or morn largely
attended. Ho furnishes tho money, tho
plant, tho land hut not gratuitously, for tho
boys pay for what they get, as they should.
Vail is also a. generous supporter of Lyndon
Institute, n preparatory school with which
tho agricultural school Is alllllated. So when
Vnll talks of rural progress ho talks as a
man who Is actively engaged In helping
things along.
When telephono stock wns considered more
of a speculation than an investment, when
folks wero discussing tho feasibility of the
present dny's greatest business necessity,
and few could see tho future of Prof. Alex
ander Graham Hell's great Invention, Theo
dore N'owton Vnll was one of tho men who
had the faith to devote his entire time to
tho work of promoting tho enterprise. Mr.
Vnll Is ono of tho original telephono men
of tho country. He left the position of
General Superintendent of Railway Mall
Service In Washington, which he had largely
developed, nnd became the general manager
of tho original telephone operating company,
and continued in tho full management of
this company nnd successively the National
Hell Telephone Company, tho American Bell
Telephone Company, and the American Tele
phono and Telegrnph Company, of which he
was tho first president.
Starts Out as a Telegrapher
Mr. Vnll was horn in Ohio, July 16, 1S45,
tho son of David R. and Phoebo (Qulmby)
Vnll. His paternal ancestors wero English
Quakei s, Bomo of whom wero among tho
pilgrims who enmo early to this country and
bottled in Massachusetts. Branches of the
family later drifted to Westchester County,
.New York, and then to Morris County, New
Jersey, whero the ninth generation Is now
living. Mr. Vnll's mother's people were
Dutch and French, and wero nmong the early
settlers in New York and Now Jersey. As n
boy Mr. Vail attended tho Morrlstown common
school and t.hen the Morrlstown Academy.
Ho then studied medicine for a while und
gave that up to learn telegraphy. He had a
position ns an operator In New York for a
while nud was then sent west of the Mis
souri River to work for tho Union Pacific
Railroad.
After working with tho early organization
of the business affairs of -tho telephono In
dustry, -Mr. Vail left active participation
In tho business for several years In order
that he might attend to railway and elec
trical enterprises In Europo and South
America. Ho established the electric street J
railway system of Buenos Aires, the Argen
tine Republic, and developed power trans
mission In soveral other neighboring States.
He invested heavily in these entei prises, and
after he had developed them to a high degree
of success, disposed of all of his interests
to South American nnd European capitalists,
Mr. Yail never relinquished his Interests In
the telephone business, and after giving up
the South American railway enterprises In
1907, he again took the position of president
of the American Telephono and Telegraph
Company, which position carries with It the
presidency of almost every subsidiary com
pany in the country- Mr. Vail is. today, with
out doubt, the foremost telephone man in
the world.
Years ago Vail was a factor In the develop
ment pf the railway mall service. In 1869,
'through the friendship of General GrenvJUe,
M. Dodge, chief coglneer of the Union PftclQc,
VUl wa appointed, a- clerk la the railway
STARTED
jryr tt8SBSFsS& JiW sf? 5 -sjK I
fisr-esr ? 'r Jir a 1
t. sii- j , jry- r i . an
mu-rr-r --w
mall service, and hero his ability to system
atlzo and organlzo wns soon felt. At that
tlmo tho railway mall sorvlco was In an un
developed stage, and Vail prepared special
studies on tho question of distribution and
dispatching of tho mall which brought him
quick recognition from tho nuthorltlcs at
Washington In tho shape of an appointment
to the ofllco of assistant superintendent. In
1876 ho was appointed general superintend
ent, although nt that tlmo ho was tho young
est of tho ofllccrs In tho railway mall service.
Two years later ho was approached by Gar
diner G. Hubbard, fathcr-ln-law of Alexan
der Graham Bell, and offered tho position of
general manager of tho American Bell Com
pany, which had been formed to exploit the
telephone, at that tlmo a recent Invention.
In choosing young Vnll for this position,
Hubbard was keen enough to sco that here
was Just tho man to organize and develop tho
telephono business on tho largo scalo which
Its promoters saw would bo necessary when
tho world had become educated to tho possi
bilities of tho service. Quick to see theso
possibilities himself, jnd with faith from tho
first In tho future of tho telephone, Vnll ac
cepted tho offer and left the railway mall
service, In which ho felt that he had ad
vanced as far as ho could.
Obstacles His Delight
As ho set to work on this new task ho found
many obstacles In the way. It was at first
believed that tho telephono was good only
for local service, but Vail conceived of a
greater scopo for Its utility, and tho vision,
of long-dlstanco telephony camo to him long
boforo it did to any one else. His first
achievement in this direction was a long
dlstanco telophone line which ho established
between Boston and Providence Through' his
efforts improvements wero made in telephono
equipment and material, so that little by
little the obstacles were overcome and long
distance telephony was extended, until last
year communication was established between
San Francisco and New York.
Vnll 13 a well-liked man. Ho could havo
received political honors galoro If ho had
sought them or accepted them when offered.
He Is a member of tho New York Yacht Club,
the Union League, New York Arts, New
York Athletic, Railroad, Lawyers' and Auto
mobile Clubs, of New York city, and of tho
Union, Eastern Yacht, Exchango and Auto
mobllo Clubs, of Boston.
Tho combination, farmer nnd capitalist, Is a
happy ono from tho personal standpoint.
Tho conjunction of the two words Is also sug
gestive of tho new era In rural progress.
STORY OF THE LIBRARIES
Libraries, so common today, have a long
history. Away back In Ancient Egypt there
were libraries, though no remains of theso col
lections hnve yet been found. Remnants of
Babylonian libraries have been found. Not only
remnants, but whole libraries of clay tablets
with cuneiform Inscriptions, carefully shelved
in regular order In the temples.
Many of tho old libraries are famous in his
tory. Thero was, for Instance, the great library
which King Assurbantpal of Assyria gathered
In his palaco at Nineveh. The subjects treated
Include history, science, religion, grammar and
philology. The first of the great libraries of
classical times was the Alexandrian Library,
founded by the first of the Ptolemies.
In tho ancient libraries the books, usually rolls
of papyrus, were kept iu closets, in sonfewhnt
small 100ms, which seem -to hnve been ar
ranged for the use of books. Catalogues were
prepared. The librarian was commonly a dis
tinguished scholar, and ranked as an Important
public ofllcer. The first librarian of whom there
Is any record was a Babylonian named
Amll-anu.
Julian tho Apostate In the fourth century
founded libraries, concerning which he wrote:
"Some love horses, some birds, others wild
beasts, but from boyhood I have been possessed
with tho desire af acquiring and owning books."
Constantino the Great founded a library at Con
stantinople. In it was deposited the only au
thentic copy of tho proceedings of the Council
of Nice, and among Its curiosities were a manu
script of Homer, one hundred and twenty feet
In length, written in letters of gold on ser
pents' skin, and a copy of the Four Gospels,
bound In plates of gold weighing 15 pounds and
enriched with precious stones. These treasures
were destroyed by fir.
In the Middle Ages books and learning were
preserved In the monasteries. Each Benedic
tine house contained a scriptorium, or writing
room, where manuscripts' were copied for sale
or exchange, also a school, onen to all who
desired Instruction. It was at that time that
the popular use of books began, Theretofore
tholr treasures had been within the reach of
only a few scholars. Really "public" libraries,
however, are of much later date.
ENDOWED BATTLESHIPS
Should Congress show a disposition to delay,
the princes of finance who have been so liberal
with libraries and laboratories may decide to
endow an equipment of battleships. Washing
ton Star.
ONLY A PART
Respecting man whatever wrong we call
May, must be right, aa relative to all.
In human works, though labored on with pain,
A thousand movements scarce one purpose gala:
In God's one single can Ita end produce,
Yet oerves to second, too, some other use.
Bo man, who here seems principal alone.
Perhaps acts second to eoma sphere unknown
Touches seme; wheel, or verges to some goal
TIs but a part we xea and not the whole.
wxwmt i iu jtssajf gniau."
What Do You Know?
Queries of general Interest will to answerei
in this column. Ten questions, the ansiccrt
to which every well-informed person anoulj
know, arc asked dally.
QUIZ
1. .State approximately tho no of Lord Kitchener,
Wlint (Trent serrlres of his mnde Enguuii
look to blm ns "the man of the hour7"
S. About how fnr is It from Key West to Itanuiaf
.1. What CblriiRii womnn lias nchlercd national
fnme ns nn ednrntor?
4. Who popularized the word "mollycoddle"?
fi. Who wns John liny?
0. Who nindo a fortune by nctlng on the principle
that there Is it fool born ercry minute?
7. In what enr wna Christ born?
8. What Stato of the Union reaches farlheit
south ?
0, Nnnin the President of France.
10. About what Is tho population of Sentllo?
Mother
"1
f.'dlfor of "What Do You Know
The namo of tt:
the snnir fnr whleh ltnlnh Re.helrnr nnlro 1 -il
"Mother." I will give him tho wholo of tho verse,
Including the lino beginning with "It." Here It Is:
M Is for the million things she's done for you. .
O Is only sho Is growing old,
T Is for tho tcar3 that sho has shed for you.
H Is for tho heart that Is all gold.
E Is for eyo where gleams tho lovo light.
R means right nnd right shall always be.
Tut them all together they spell "Mother."
A word that means tho world to me.
WILLIAM WINGBRT.
Philadelphia, February 8.
Lincoln's Rules for Living
Erfffor of "What Do M'oh Know" I heard I
man refer to Lincoln's rules for living nnd have
hunted for thorn In his letters, but cannot Unil
them. Can you help me? CAMDEN.
Lincoln's rules were given In n letter to a
friend. He wrote: "Do not worry, cat three
, squaro meals a day, he courteous to your cred
itors, Keep your digestion good, steer clear of
biliousness, exercise, go slow and 'go easy.
Maybe there aro other things that your special
enso requires to make you happy, but my friend,
these I reckon will glvo you a good lift."
The River Time "H
Editor of "What Do You Know" My grano
mother used to reclto to mo a poem beginning:
Oh! a wonderful stream Is tho Rlvor of Time,
As It runs through tho realm of tears.
T hnve hunted tnr If nlnrn T hnvn trrtwm nn.
hut have not been ablo to find It because I do not fii
know cither its namo or its author. Can you
find out for me? MADISON,
Tho poem Is called "The River Time," ana
It was written by Benjamin F. Tnylor. It fol
lows: Oh! a wonderful stream Is the River Time,
As it runs through tho realm of tears,
With n faultless rhythm nnd a musical rhyme.
And a broader sweep and a surge sublime,
As It blends with tho ocean of years.
How the winters nre drifting like flakes of enw,
And the summers, like birds between.
And tho years In the sheaf how they come
and go.
On tho river's breast, with Ita ebb and Its flow,
As It glides In the shadow and sheen.
There's a magical isle up the Itlver Time,
Where the softest of airs are playing;
There's a cloudless sky and a tropical cllmo
And a Bong as sweet as a vesper chime.
And the Junes with roses are straying.
And the name of the isle is the Long Ago,
And wo bury our treasures there;
Thero aro brows of beauty and bosoms of snosrl
There are heaps of dust ohl we loved them Ml
There aro trinkets and tresses or hair.
There are fragments of song that nobody knowsy
There are parts of an infant's prayer;
There's a lute unswept, a harp without strings;
There are broken vowa and pieces of rings,
And the garments our loved ones used to wear,
There are hands that are waved, when the fairy
shore
By tho mirage Is lifted In air;
And we sometimes hear, through the turbulent
roar,
Sweet voices wo heard In the days gone before.
When the wind down the river is fair,
Oh, remembered for aye, be that blessed Isle,
All the day of our life till night; ,
And when evening glows with Ita Beautiful smll.
And our eyes are closing In slumDcrs awhile.
May that Greenwood of souls be In sight!
Japanese in Hawaii ' '
EdHor of "What Do You Crioio" A returned
missionary told me that the predominant popui
Hon of the Hawaiian Iblailds o Japanese, that w.
predominant in' numbers, but I did not believe
him. What Is the truth about It? ,
ETHNOLOGIST.
The estimated nonulatlon of the HawalUn
Islands was 237,000 in December. 1311. Of tup m
number. 89.715 were Japanese, 24.G5Q pure naww'
ian, 13.000 Caucasian, Including 23,200 Portuguese,
4imi nt-... ,. AA T.iiti..n ...itv. ii fiw nr other
races. There wero 5766 births in 1911, of wW?a m
ZOsj wero Japanese,
Philadelphia's Congressmen
Editor of "What Do You Know" Will yoa W
Kindly give the names of the congressmen "
sentlng the districts in Philadelphia and also tns
1 la plrtia n VilnVi f liair rniipaaantV
"" " '"GEORGE W. NORTH. W
muaaeipiua, jreoruary
Vare, 1st District; George S. Graham, 2d nj'"1!1 W&
J. Hampton Moore. 3d District: G sorgo W
monus. tin jjisirict; eier u. iaicv, - - ,
trlct; George Potter Darrow, 6th District) jona :
R. K. $eott, UongrMaman-at-Lurge.
Perfection ,, j
Editor at "What Jo You. Know'' -Who 6 ,
TrlUea lnako perfactlon, but perfection WW
trifle." AMBITIOIS.
llk'hftel Anceto.
m
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