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12
TUDLIG LEDGER COMPANY
CTnos n k. curtis, rMti!T.
Charles IT tu(JInton,VlcPfMllnt John C Martin,
fceretary and Treasurer Phllljr S. Collins, John B.
Williams. Directors,
EDITORIAIj BOARD)
Ctact II. IC Cnni, Chairman.
ft K. WTIALET ...... n ...... i . .ExrcutlTO Editor
tOUS C. MARTIN... .....General Dullness Manaaer
Published dally at Fcbuo Lxraxa Bulldlnr.
( Independence Square, Philadelphia.
XaroM Cital,,., ...... Broad and Chestnut Streets
ATtlMlto Ciri............,....rrrJ-lnlon Bulldlnr
Jt Toaa: t.....t..l'0-A, Metropolitan Tower
5rtoir.. .,.,,...,...,, 828 Ford ItulMlnr
tr. Loon , .. 409 Qlooe Vemocrat Ilulldlnc
Cltrciao,.,,, 1202 Tribune Bulldlnr
news mmBAtrni
Waamwoton Urmu.M Wrrt Bulldlnr
tn Toaie Buiiac The Timet Itulldlnr
Mim Boitno. ....... .,......, .,H0 Frledrlchstraaee
Lanr-eN ntnno...... Marconi House, mrand
Fiis Bcatin. ,32 Hue Louis le Grand
subscription terms
By carrier, six cents per week Uy null, postpaid
tlUlda of Philadelphia, except where foreign poetaee
required, ena month, twenty-lire cental one year,
three dollara. All mall aubacrlpttona payable In
adrance.
Nortca Subctlbem wlehlnr address chanced mutt
lve old as well aa new address.
BELL. MM WALNUT
KETSTOrtE, MAIN I09
fty Aidreit nil tommuntcntlom to Evening
LtAger, IndevmMence Square, Philadelphia.
Hxnao it ma rmtionrnn roarorrioa f acon
CLAsa.iiAli, iiArraa.
THB AVERAGE NET PAID DAILT CIRCULA
TION OF- THE EVENING LEDGER
ran November was si.boi.
rtaiADELriiiA. Tuesday. January it. i9i.
To he conscious that you. are ignorant is
great step toward knowledge. Disraeli.
Preparedness, says Doctor Krauskopf, Is a
teanlo. So was tho Exodus.
Fart oC Krupp works blown up. Must bo
omo German spies busy over there.
Tho new slogan: "If they won't havo me,
jtheyil havo me." It begins to look that way.
About this time begin to look out for In
spired stories from Washington, From tho
Old Farmer's Almanack.
Tho moral of the Increase in drug prices
la that If you are well you don't care, and if
you aren't you don't caro.
A mad worldl Tho correspondents, and not
the members of tho Ford Pcaco Exposition,
are quartered in a sanatorium.
According to Berlin, tho English have
handed tho Turks such a wallop In tho
desert that there are no English left.
Tho situation In Toungstown seems to
havo been that they did not know what they
wcro striking for; but they were striking,
anyway.
Tho British embarkation at Galllpoll was
completed with tho loss of but ono soldier,
wounded. A tcrrlblo commentary on the dis
aster at Suvla Bay.
All theso explosions at powder mills nro
accidental, of courso; but It Is a good thing
for tho manufacturers that submarines can
not reach their plants.
To keep the lid down, nothing more Is re
quired than" that tho Mayor sit tight. "What
haa been dono can bo done, and tho city
wants no mora "snow" parties.
Mr. Knox will talk about his ambitions
when ho gets ready, but his retlconco does '
nol prevent his frionds from saying that ho
will bo elected to the Senate in November.
A news Item Informs us that tho President
may put the question of a national defenso
before the public. What the President needs
to do Is to persuade Congress to put pre
paredness beforo pork.
In prosperous times there Is more Intorcst
In politics among the politicians than there is
among the peoplo who work for a living. But
soon we shall havo the conventions with us,
and then things will look up.
There appears to he some expert opinion to
the effect that the Republican party cannot
win unless Mr. Roosevelt or Juetico Hughes
leads the fight, nnd Mr. Roosevelt does not
think much of Justice Hughes.
Tho light as to whether tho station on the
Frankfort elevated line shall be at Ortho
dox or Unity street Is Interesting, but what a
great many ere wondering 1b whether thero
Is going to bo any station at all at Mana
yunk. Remembering that Secretary of War Gar
rison Is a graduates of the University of
Pennsylvania, students there have started a
persistent movement for the establishment
of a course In tho science of war. Certainly
this will be one occasion In which the Uni
versity heads will And nothing amiss in tho
suggestions of their Juniors.
The 180 delegates to the Pan-American
Sclentiflo Congress will be In Philadelphia
today and tomorrow. The Chamber of Com
merce Is the official host at noon dinner, but
tho city Is the real host and welcomes the
delegates heartily. Sections of the congress
have discussed everything from literature to
earthquakes, but the chief subject has been
the bettering of relations between the twt
continents. In that Is Philadelphia's Interest
and the delegates' success.
Days of sleet and slippery streets are a
trial to the soul of the pedestrian, but they
ure times of danger to drivers of both motor
cars and, wagons. The man at the wheel and
the man perched high atop a dray, driving
forty-borse power or three abreast, have
grave responsibilities at such times, and an
ungrudging' word of praise should be given
them for the care and the courtesy they al
mott always exercise. It la not easy to be
gntle when a careless walker steps In front
ot your horses Just as the rear wheels begin
l!p.
, Tfea Dardanelles expedition cost England a
Mttfem and a quarter and the landing at
eaWln-Bay alone lost 10,000 men. Hardly has
.Ifctgland disentangled herself from this pre
mrious position when her fears are given
a fvr turn, in the direction of Mesopotamia,
91m first reports of disaster were clouded
through the efforts of the censorship,
tat it was clear that a retreat followed by
a defenso of the storting point, Kut-EU
Aiaara. was actually a rout. Today the news
baa tt that a relief expedition is within 17
aatlM of tho beleaguered garrison, and an
Otfer '"relief at Z.ucknow" Is being staged.
ft New Republic, which calls Itself a
tmmaU at opinion, says that if Roosevelt
JglAJmn President of the United States
l"w6uia have dispatched "a warning to
gwnaMny before Belgium was Invaded which
WHlH kV etabUhe4 a groat International
pwcadiBt" 'No doubt it would hav U-
'nab6 a prese&Ntt, t Mr. ,KooYlt to wn
Oamuuty ninst a iir . wfalch nslflity h
EVENING LEDGER PHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY JANUARY ll 1P1B-,
' 1 -
nor Any ono el could have foreseen, na tho
violation of Belgium vr&a a fact while the
Kngllah Ambassador at Ucrlln was still In
council with Von Jagrow. And If Mr. Roose
velt had sent such a protest would our coun
try have shared tho contempt heaped upon
England for Its "hypocritical" defense of
Belgium If Germany had gone on? There
nro ways ot criticising Mr. Wilson and of
praising Mr. Itoosevelt which do not Involve
such masterpieces of opinion as these.
ORGANIZATION IS PREPAREDNESS
A QUIBBLING lawyer when told that he
should think as much of his neighbor as
of himself, asked, "Who Is my neighbor?"
The answer was given In n little fttory about
a man who set out on a journey. On tho way
ho was attacked by highwaymen. They beat
him, took his money and stripped him ot his
clothes nnd left him half-dead. A clergyman
who pasicd that way saw his plight, but took
no notice of It because tho man did not llvo
In his parish. Then nn elder happened along,
gavo a hasty glance nt what ho thought was a
drunken wretch In tho gutter nnd pulled his
coat closo about lilm nnd went Us way. A
plain man, with no pretensions of nny kind,
followed. Ho was Rorry for tho unfortu
nate and stopped to sco what ho could do to
relievo him. Ho washed tho man's bruises,
bound up his cuts, nntl helped him to nn inn
where ho took caro of him. As tho Injured
man had not recovered enough to continuo
his Journey, his rescuer loft him nt tho Inn,
first giving him some money nnd ordering
tho proprietor to do what was necessary for
tho traveler and put tho cost In his bill, which
ho would pay when next ho passed that way.
This anecdote, which appears In a very old
book, Is frequently quoted ns Justification for
Indlscrimlnato charity. Many n. man who
whnts to salvo his consclcnco for refusing to
mako ono ot tho many charltnblo organiza
tions his almoner, has said that ho believes In
Immediate relief of obvious suffering. "When
a man Is starving ho needs food nt once, and
cannot wait until a society has tried to And
out whether ho Is worthy," Is what Is fre
quently put forward.
Whatever may have been tho caso nt ono
time, there Is no charitable society ot any
conscquonco today that docs not relievo Im
medlato need nt once. Tho largest society In
this city hns records of cases whero coal nnd
food were supplied to a freezing nnd starving
family within nn hour and a hulf after tho
need was reported.
Modern charity docs moro than relievo im
mediate need. It has been discovered tlint
tho easiest way to paupcrlzo n family Is to
subsidize It by charity, and that the surest
way to mako a family Independent nnd self
respecting Is to put It In tho way of self
support as soon ns possible. Ton dollara
spent In tho pay of district workers who In
quire Into the wants of a family, find work
for the able-bodied members and keep a
friendly oversight for a few weeks or months
will produco greater returns to society than
that amount spent for food and fuel.
Tho Society for Organizing Charity, which la
conducting a sociological exhibit in tho Wldo
ncr Building, Is attempting to administer re
lief in tho modern way. It Is In touch with
all of tho other charltablo societies of tho
city and co-operates with them, not only In
first nld, but In tho moro Important nnd moro
difficult work of putting men and women on
their own feot. It used $207,000 last year,
of which $70,000 was dovotcd to what Is called
material relief, that Is, direct nld to families
In need. But It used nearly $92,000 moro In
tho maintenance of wayfarers' lodges and
shelters and In tho pay of tho district work
ers. This seems to Indicate that about 75
cents of every dollar Is used In some form
of direct or Indirect relief.
This society, howover, Is only ono of about
three thousand that aro appealing to tho pub
lic for money. Ono society for every six hun
dred of population Is too many. Thero Is
waste of tlmo and energy nnd money In du
plication ot effort. Intelligent preparation for
relieving tho drain upon tho community
caused by rellevablo dependence requires that
u large number of these organizations should
be disbanded and that thero should bo greator
concentration of effort. Poverty cannot be
abolished, but society owes It to Itself to do
all in Its power to prevent nn Increase in tho
number of paupers. Many a family now liv
ing on chnrlty can become and remain self
supporting If It has the asslstanco ot a kindly
adviser.
Thore Is no doubt of this, because It has
been proved In scores of cases. Each case,
however, has to bo considered by itself Just
as the physician considers tho peculiarities of
each patient. If it wero not for theso pecu
liarities a patent medicine could bo prepared
for every III and physicians would prescribe to
a thousand persona at once. Social relief
cannot be administered wholesale or by Inex
pert persons with any greater degree of suc
cess than medical relief.
The man who took care of tho tn-vcler who
fell among thieves administered first aid In
the proper way. When tho sufferer had re
covered from his wounds his benefactor with
out doubt got him a Job, If he needed It, but
at any rate he saw tho thing through. Tho
difference between Impulsive, emotional, spas
modic charity and Intelligent social relief lies
In the determination of those who practlco
the latter to do their work thoroughly, and
not to be content with a glow of self-satisfaction
when they give a cast-off garment to a
beggar who calls at the door.
There must be more of the kind of work
the Society- for Organizing Charity Is engaged
In before we can touch the fringe of the
problem of saving from the scrap heap the
thousands who are in danger of becoming
permanent burdens upon society. There Is
too much Improvident relief of the Improvi
dent. FUTILE ADVANCES
IF THE months since the "great drive" in
Champagne, In September, have not per
suaded all the belligerents of the futility of
trench warfare, they must have secret plans
and possibilities to grant them courage. The
drive Itself was one of the most costly pro
ceedings of the war, and in that case the
cost was uncomplicated by such mistakes as
made Loos and Ypres fiascos. Yet It accom
plished nothing.
Yesterday, for example, the Germans cap-,
tured some 600 feet of trenches. Paris re
ports that the ground was regained. The
fact Is that It makes very little difference, and
that Joffre's plan, of nibbling reduces itself
o a plan of attrition which means, behind tho
mask, starvation of the enemy. It seems ob
vious that Germany cannot advance. Since
the first great entrenching movement she has
gained little or nothing In the western the
atre. At Salonlca the lines of trenches are
ready, and there is no progress. Only in
Serbia and Russia, where the methods were
different, can decisions be won. And the
dlock on land mar drive home the lesson
ittai tM aa, trintrt one build nothing but
w wm fa Mtrrm w io(y.
Tom Dalys Column
i'ltm FLArriNo flag.
It had heen cloudy all the week
A'of- once did any sunbeam peck
From morn till night and I was sad
Jlut O this morning 1 was glad
For when 1 got up out of bed
The sun lias smiling broad and red
And not a cloud whs In the skv
And It was cold and winds were high
I leaned upon my window-sill
And looked and there on Allen'. Mill
1 satva flag flap In the breeze
As bright and happy as you plcasel
And O It was a lovely sight
That filled mo with a wild delight
I did not know another thing
That could such joy and pleasure bring,
1 almost felt 1 heard It sing I
I really think If I should grow
To be a hundred years or so
If t was even old and blind
And It was flapping In the wind
That I no more could sea It fly
And wave Its 0M1 ngalnit the sky,
If only I could hear It there
Juit hear It flapping In the air,
Fd be so glad I would not caret
TATTLE rOLLT.
Not Suflielently Inclusive
Wo wouldn't bo nt all surprised some day
to seo a Chlnnmnn or a member of another
of tho few slighted races heave a brick
through tho plalo-glast window on Chestnut
street abovo llth, behind which nppears this
sign:
"Wo enenk Tlnllan. Trench, Oerman, Bpanlnh, Por
tuguese, numanlin, Dulirnrlan, Serbian, Iluaslan,
Polish, Slavic, Kroatlan."
Our latlnltV I? hv tin mp.inn a. nprfWl hlni-.
hut somehow It pains us to look upon this sign
on a liwn on Olney avenue Just east of Winter
street:
"DO.MA VITA Private Sanatorium."
As far ns wo ran figure "Doma Vita" means
"houso life," If It meanf anything, nnd that
sounds a trlflo too ominous for advertising.
What Have You Noticed?
Speaking of stnndnrd measures, wo notlco
that dust, whenever a housekeeper speaks
about It, Is always an Inch thick.
LOUIS AGASSI55 FUEIITES Is a big longuo
naturalist nnd as a painter of birds ho
la our world's favorite, but ho will never win
any medals for poetry. Here's his delayed
Now Year's greeting:
I'm not much good nt doing rhymes
Iliit over slnco you quit the "Times"
I've not known how to find you:
And fo, not hating our address,
(I plain forgot, I here confesH
Lot not the hot ears blind you!)
I had to write to Charlie Heck
Who taxed his mlghtv Ititellcck,
And sent mo this direction:
My greeting comes to you too late,
Hut I don't even hesitate
Nor feel tho least dejcctlonl
Tou'ro only onn of thousanda, ,
Decauuo you lenow me. Al.
FIRST thing you know J. M. C. will got
thnt job or .something. Hero ho Is, in
n gain:
Dcnr Plr You havo n Jot for me. nnd about the
liet niim for It would "ho "purcatory editor."
Tako Tom Dnly'a atuff. which In good atuff In
Iteeir 1 wnulil bo nr hi matter for a slvon day
nml mnko noino euRecatlona to him concerning ltd
lookR on a printed pngc. Then I'd put It together
In tho rompotlnB room, most certainly In a different
form than now.
You kpo, I havo Ideaa. nnd I would apply those
Iclcna'tvpoRraplilcnIly, bo that the KTx-mo Lnnorn
wnuhl hno a characteristic make-up aomethlng
nalleutly characterise aamothlne recognUablo
from i Hint to const.
I don't want to lio an editor. I don't want to he
a compositor I want tho Job of giving your paper
typographical stylo and good lookn.
.lust for the Bake of Bottlne jou thinking, why
did you ndcrtlo Dnly under his regular name?
Why not under "T. D you know him I" 7
Is thero a drjcr-looklng pnge In new-snaperdnm
than tho editorial page of tho 12. I T There's
good "tuff In It every eonlng, but no effort Is made
to window dress tho page, to fix the lights, to set
the furniture. Thoughts. Idona and Junk are thrown
togethor Into that editorial area. My Job would
bo tn give tho page looko.
How about It? j, M. C.
Comsponucnce gdjool
of junior
Dear Professor My parents being rich, I have
bi.cn reared In comparatlvo Idleness. I have
never learned a trade or studied for a pro
fession. Having arrived at tho age of 31 nnd
noticing the opportunity you are presenting to
would-bo Industrious persons to Join your Cor
respondence School of Humor, I hereby make
application, nnd uubmlt the following as evi
dence of latent talent:
A friend (?) Invited mo recently to attend a
concert by nn nmateur orchestra in tho Curtis
Building. Upon my declining with thanks, he
said: "I thought you wero fond ot music." To
which I replied, "I am."
Ituther clever, do you not think so?
Sincerely yours,
Carlton S, Moore.
At tho risk of offending our present land
lord, to whom tho school la beholden for
many favors, wo print tho above that we
may hang upon It several sago observations.
Tho applicant's remark was clever; It was
clover on a number of occnslons long before
our student reached tho age of 31. However,
wo admit him to our school, for he needs to
bo taught that it is unbecoming In the rich
to Jest at tho expense of the poor working
man when he "doubles in brass." "
sir Hero's your dean for you l Capture that
Inspired head-writer who put this headline In tho
paper:
"TALK OF SHIFTS IN THE CABINET"
Or get a Cabinet member. Or must the dean be
malaT Jesse.
Wo have decided for the present to get
along without n dean and spend his salary
for prizes. We are not at this moment pre
pared to announce all the prizes, but we
will say that the student graduating magna
cum laudo nt the close of the term. June IB,
will receive a handsome fountain pen,
Enroll now!
The Glimmer of an Idea
Sir What kind of a looking guy are you. any
way? And with all your familiarity with
Thomas E. Hill, how are your table manners?
Why can't we contrlbs get a look at you?
Let us form a non-sectarian Friendship Cir
cle, meeting at Guy's; although come to think,
If It turned out bum where'd we go to from
there? Anyway, the Idea might be tried some
where else, our symbol being the mark left on
the top ot the table by a glass of-now-mllk.
A A
You cannot possibly Imagine, dear friend,
what wild vlstons your words have fathered.
But perhaps the time is not yet ripe. Our
portly habit, it is true, is somewhat more
than crescent, but it is too newly put on to
have acquired as yet the ease of use which
is akin to dignity. We fear we lack tho
years and yet, how old was Doctor Johnson
when he presided at the councils of his fa
mous court la the Cheshire Cheese, off Fleet
street? And there was that grand old lion,
John Dryden, at Will's coffeehouse long beforo
that; and Addison, with Dick Steele and all
the little TlckeUa and Cibbers and such like
at Button's, after that. All these worthies
were stout, as we are; but were they really
much older when they held their court? We
wonder I Ahl well, wo shall see, we shall see,
when the time la ripe. 'Sblood, alrl your
thought, A A, Is not unworthy of a rumina
tive moment of two. Your own styla, air,
emj to me not unlike 4tot at Ji
in
atiV7
STC. - -
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SI.fu-. i-jr' :it JT5tsr"."',-v
"""
?JJ&2?&l?Z
.-TJO
&"
AMERICA'S OWN
VICTORIA CROSS
The Congress Medal of Honor.
The First Recipient of the Dec
oration Washington's Views
on Decorating Soldiers
EVERY country expects every soldier nnd
sailor to do his duty, but for conspicuous
bravery It hns been tho custom from tho ear
liest times nnd In all places to confer somo
special rownrd upon tho hero. Sparta Is In
somo sort an exception to tho general rule.
Thero It was cowardice that was punished,
not bravery rewarded. In modern countries
tho medals and ribbons havo generally been
given In accordance with the principle set
forth In tho American War Department's reg
ulations, under date of Juno 2fi. 18D7:
"In order that tho Congressional Medal of
Honor may bo deserved, scrvlco must havo
been performed In action of such a conspicu
ous character as to clearly distinguish tho
mnn for gallantry and Intrepidity abovo hla
comrades service that Involved extremo
Jeopardy of llfo or tho performance of ex
traordinarily hazardous duty. Recommenda
tions for tho declaration will bo Judged by
this standard of extraordinary merit, and In
Contcstablo proof of performance ot tho ser
vlco will bo exacted."
Our Unknown "V. C."
Tho Congressional Medal of Honor, which
corresponds fairly closely with the Victoria
Cross, Is not so well known to tho American
public as It ought to be. This is not for any
lack of heroes who have received tho decora
tion. Our history has not been ono of many
wars, but It Is not lacking In deeds of valor,
from the days of our own Revolution down
to tho time of tho Insurrection of the Filipi
nos. Without reference to tho news from
tho European battlefields, It can bo truly said
that the Victoria Cross Is better known to
Americans than tho Congressional Medal ot
Honor. The Iron Cross of Prussia was not
so well known until this present war. Somo
writers on military nnd naval subjects aro
attempting to popularize the tltlo that prop
erly goes with tho American deporatlon and
aro placing tho lotters "M. H." after the
names of Its recipients as. "Major Goneral
Henry Shlppcn Huldekopcr, M. II.," "Admiral
George Dewey. M. II.," "Lieutenant General
Nelson A. Miles, M. H.," ".Major Goneral Leon
ard Wood, M. II." "Colonel Henry A. du Pont,
M. II." A British namo Is sometlmos followed
by tho letters "V. C. D. C. M D, S. O." Tho
meaning of "V. C." is known all over tho
world. The Distinguished Service Order Is
scarcely loss familiar. Tho Distinguished
Conduct Medal was won In a single week
by 200 British soldiers in tho campaigns In
France, Flanders nnd tho Dardanelles.
The Congressional Medal of Honor Is usual
ly presented In a manner of extremo simplic
ity. Seldom Is tho presentation nn occasion
of ceremony. Sometimes tho medal comes by
mall and the postman hands It In with tho
remark, "A parcel for you." In, striking con
trast Is tho Importance attached to similar
rewards In European countries. Vou havo
seen In the Eveninq Ledoer pictures of
President Polncare pinning a medal on the
breast of some bravo soldier who had per
formed an act of exceptional daring or value,
and of General Gallleni conferring a similar
decoration on one of his men always a cero
mony, with the state represented by its high
est personages, except In those cases where
an officer gallops up to a man In the very
thick of battle and pins the decoration on his
breast then and there.
Submarine Crewa
The orders instituted In Europe to serve
as rewardH for exceptional service are not
only numerous but of numerous descriptions,
some of them applying to civil as well as
military service, and many of them consist
ing of several grades. A few years before
the present war the regulations prescrib
ing the acts for which the decoration of
the Russian order of St. George should be
conferred were so amended that under the
new provisions the entire crew ot a torpedo
or submarine vessel sinking an enemy's ship
became entitled to the ribbon. The order
was instituted by Catherine the Great. Some
o the European orders vere instituted as
far back as the tlmo of the Crusades, and the
use of the cross In the badges generally
dates from that period,
The first medal ot honor Issued by the
American Government was awarded to the
illustrious Washington. It was pot, of
course, the Federal, but the Continental
Congress. Tho resolution wan passed March
19, 1774, in session at Philadelphia, and it was
ordered that the medal should be of gold.
General Washington himself understood the
aluo of personal decoration for gallantry or
meritorious conduct, and on. August 7, 1733
lua on order from hU headquarters at
Ifewtavir, rMUny 1 fH as follows t "The
www, rr omikmi U cfeerteh a virtuouu
aabltlois a .
tin 3 ti'. ui ,. . '- I
"JUST YOU DARHl LET THAT EGG GET COLD!"
kjxJLlt... v .k.S ' ieSSriaSVwirj. j xTt aril RE hl -iiw"i m ifl r IFRTWbt .zaanfz
- ..i2feCX,
ttaJ,
"V.Yr.--.rf'W
fW .,", ,
i. r-tf"r-r--nr'r-a" ""
r-w-":. .- -- xi
frv"
and oncourago every species of military
merit, directs that whenever any singularly
meritorious action Is performed tho author of
It shall bo permitted to wear on his facings,
over his left breast, tho flguro of a heart In
purple cloth or silk, edged with narrow laco
or binding. Not only Instances of unusual
gallantry, but also of extraordinary fidelity
and essential scrvlco In any way shall meet
with a duo reward."
In 18C2 Congress provided by law for a
medal of honor to bo conferred upon thoso
members of tho army and navy service who
had already distinguished thcmsolvcs by
their heroic conduct In battle, and ns an tn
contlvo to others to emulate them In bravo
deeds In tho then existing war or in wars
that might havo their birth In tho future.
Tho rules and regulations relatlvo to tho
medal of honor havo been somewhat altered
In detail by subsequent enactment nnd of
ficial orders, but In spirit and purpose ro
maln tho same. After the Civil War n S0
clcty was organized by tho men who had
been awarded tho medal. It Is known as
"Tho Military Order of tho Congress Medal
ot Honor Legion."
The First "M. II." Man
Tho first recipient of tho Congressional
Medal of Honor wns Charles F. Rand,
tho first certified volunteer from New
York to respond to President Lincoln's call
for troops'on April 15, 18G1. Sumter had beon
fired upon. Rand on April 15 was ono of a
little group of men nnd boys gathered In a
hotel at Batavla, N. Y. A messenger entered
tho room bearing a telegram. It told of tho
President's call for volunteers. A prominent
citizen present cried, "Wo must fill our
quota. Who will volunteer?" "I will," Rand
answered beforo tho others.
Threo months later ho had earned tho
medal, though no provision had then been
made for It. Tho medal reads, "For most
distinguished gallantry In action nt Black
burn's Ford, Va July 18, 1SG1." His com
mand was ordered to retreat. Artillery and"
Infantry wcro pouring a deadly fire upon tho
Union 'troops. Rand stood his ground till tho
entire battalion of 600 men had been swept
In disorder from tho field. Oblivious to his
surroundings he Btayed there, with nn old
Harper's Ferry musket that had been
changed from a flintlock. Shot and sholl
plowed tho groundt dirt and stones and
sticks flying In every direction. When tho
enemy ceased flro thero was Rand all alono
on tho battlefield as tho smoko cleared away;
but Instead of retreating straight back ho
struck oft obliquely, working his way across
tho field on his hnnds and knees, and joined
another command, with which ho fought
bravely till tho engagement was over.
THE CASE OP DOCTOR LEIDY
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir I have read your editorial In today's
Lbdoer entitled, "Hurled It Back In Ills
Teeth." Permit mo to state that in this In
stance the Port Physician of Philadelphia wns
Dr, Philip Leldy, a brother of Dr. Joseph Leldy.
At the time you mention this office was not
only a city, but a State portfoliothe health
officer at that time having wider powers before
the Federal authorities directed the sanitary
affairs of tho port from tho mouth of Delaware
Bay.
The outcome of Governor Hoyt'a action, fol
lowed by Doctor Reed's letter, resulted in the
immediate request ot the Governor addressed
to Doctor Leldy that he remain in office for
tho remainder of his (Governor Hoyt's) term
of office, as there was no Intimation on the
part of Governor Hoyt that the office had not
been administered with entire satisfaction to
both the public authorities and community In
which he lives. Doctor Leldy complied with
the Governor's request.
JOSEPH LEIDY.
Philadelphia, Jan. 10, '
The news reports of the time referred to
Doctor Leldy as Joseph Leldy and they were
followed In writing the article. The official
records, however, indicate that Dr. Thlllp Leldy
held the office of Port Physician, as they also
show that when Doctor Reed refused to be a
party to the displacement ot a capable public
servant that servant was allowed to serve out
his term Editor of the Eveninq Ledger.
NATIONAL POINT OP VIEW
The most satisfying feature connected with the
expansion of our mining Is tho increasing utlil
satlon of its products and especially of Its by
products. Spokane Spokeiman-Revlew.
If the Government of the United States had
told American citizens that they must not ex
erclie their free right of travel on the high seas
it would have been guilty of the most weak,
kneed and disgraceful lack, of support ot the
prerogative of It people. Boston Post. --
It seems characterlstlo of preent-day man
agement, In business and government, In Sun
day schools and libraries, as well as In sport
to govern by rules rather than by principle terai
pered with sense. What is It that U temporarUy
lost; respect for principle, elastio good sense
or mental honesty and the pride of honor that
makes operative the best government, elf-ov-ernment?
New York Sun,
AMUSEMENTS
METROPOLITAN OPBRA un it
METROPOLITAN OPERA CO f j?EV YORK K
"T The Magic Flute G.a)
freatt. u Cbwtnm 8t. Walaut UU. lu?Tei
r!!SiSiSjr'
P"-
s-a,,
ia
u.-;MaK"ss4.j;
tBSBS,2T-..
-zrw-
AMUSEMENTS
B. F. KEITH'S THEATE
CHESTNUT AND TWELFTII STREtTI
ANOTUEtt TJlEUENDOVa BJJ0TT
Alice Eis & Bert Frend
AN OniQINAL DANCE PANTOMUn
"THE LURE OF THE NORTH'I
BESSIE WYNN
. "THE IiADT DAINTT." In Choice Botft'
Canltn, Steels & Parka; Otheri.
TAW 1 H THE LONDON SENSATION
UJn.i.t. J.I "THE FOREST J
ACADEMY OF MUSIC
NEWMANN
Travelti
Color Yin!
Motion Pirt
5KIUDAY EVENINGS TJnrv To. 01 1
SATURDAY MATS. -DcCf. dail. Ui
miAZIIr ARQENTINA-icinLE
PERU UOLIVIA, COSTA RICA, PANJUU
Course Tickets ff TOf KOI
FORREST Last 5 Nights gj
WATCH YOUR STI
MRS.
VERNON CA8TI,E .
-FRANK
llERNARD GRANVILLE
Rrlce A Klnc: Harry Kelly: 10O Oltui '
Next HeeK JULIAN EL.T1NQE In "COHSEU
GLOBE Theatre "KSi;
A. M. to II P. M. 10c. I
EDMUND HAYES & (M
In Farco Comedy. "THE PIANO MOVQ'
ERGOTTI LILLIPUTIANS; OTHBn
ARCADIA WKffl
TRIANQLE PLATS HltST PRE3ENTAHH j
DE WOLF HOPPER
In "DON OUtXOTE"
Keystone ComeJv "Fnttv nnrl MaImI AMt
Thursday. Friday, Saturday, "MIMING LTOB'l
unci KeyBtone Comedy "NICK Oi" HUT
CHESTNUT ST. Opera Hoi
MATINEES, 1 :30 to 5 10c, ISO I ftnwti
NJliUTS. T to 1J IOC, 1BC, 250
WM. FOX PRODUCTION
MANSFIELD'S GREAT SUCC
"A PARISIAN ROMANCES
"R'RfiA'n This & Next Week. Ena.. til'
HlXUiXlJ MATINEE TOMOHW
CHARLES FROHMAN I'reti
JOHN T) R E
In ITt nna.i mTTn AtTTTTItTJI I
Comedy Success IXlili Kjnlm
Ry HORACE ANNESLEY VACIIEU. t
GARRICK NOW mat,Se
COHAN AND HAIiniS Preent
BEST PLAY IN 25 YEARS
ON TRIAL l
Popular Price Matinee Tomorrow, Jkit CttUl
urifitft-p iTlflVB I
STANLEY MA&m
ULiAIUV
i? ""'.. "MTOE&MEft
ThiUH., Frt., Sat., "THE GOLDEN CHW
PALACE
in. toil IfinKCI
VC - "ii1 V ,1
Valeskn Sunjj
10 A. W. (o "' a
Flrat
"TTTF; TMTITTGRA
Presentation
rThS '.." Frl.. Sat.. PAULINE FMPJSSE
In Henry Arthur Jonea' "LVDIA QUJW"
A TVTCT ,PHT rosITi XSK;, Z?&
POPULAR l MATINEE TIIUJISWT JJ
Barnard Shaw-a AndrOCleS fllld tfte
Preceded by Anatote France'a "Del'""? A,
THE MAN WHO MARRIED A DUMB "'
Wlin o. i lieggie arjr "
T VTJTP TONIGHT AT SilS SHARP
iiimu popular 1 1 ou "' rr
N. Y. Winter Garden's Latest Trlun
MAID IN AMJSwj
Company of 125. Includinr -BTrniEU
1KK1HE and MLLE. DA"? J
ALL fUtf, XUBIO and rjtBTTY QIV
ACADEMY OF MUSIC SMS
JOHN McCORMACK,
TUB CELEBRATED IRIS" .I5.!
Beat at iieppes. .. ;,
Amphitheatre. 7Sc, B0cA On Sals NUM M
WALNUT popRa,M.&3
llnnnl.p fnHn TfutflV 2&3 Slid !
4 RBAU LIVE UHLOOBAUi
"A LITTLE GIRL INABIG
UNWERSITYMUSEUMJ-g
Wed, 2 ;30 w.&3SX2KJfeff
Many colored, pictures. Free. 834 tMWSi
n nixon's Wm. and Mar"'
GRAND in wTT.Ti MOO
BroadMontt:omery Zrm-h pICtU
Today. 2 IS. T 0- 8 EM ACJ3 aa4J.
NIXON .ggBSEggtej
Tonight at T aad 8. ISSSSU COOFEj.i J
BIOOLETJO TW
BRICK DE VEAV j Everett MonMyj
THE NATURAL LAWJZ&
AMERICAN QIHARDBfwg
iu wm wv v -r Mat. .
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wen, w AucalnUcjt,
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Pumont'a J&I&'
TROCAERGfnk.