ntfuiRiiqniiM ' " ' p"
w-rf v!
6
PRESIDENT
Plans of Secretaries Garrison and Dan
iels Indorsed Government Must
Lead in Shipping Program.
"Hyphenates" Attacked
WASHINGTON', Doc. 7 following Is
tha text of the mhlrcs delivered today
hy t icsldcnt Woodrow Wilson before u
Joint session of llio Scnnto and Home of
Itcpresontatlvcs1
Gentlemen of (An Congrcti:
Since I last tint! tlin privilege of ad
dressing you on the stale of the Union
the war of nations on the other side of
the sen, which hnd then only bCRim to
disclose Its portcntou"! proportions, has
extended Us tlirealcnliiB nnd sinister
scope imtll It hai swept within lt llnmo
some portion of ocry quarter of tho
Rlobo, not excepting qur own hemisphere,
lias altered the whole face of Interna
tional affairs nml now prevent n pros
pect of rcoru-iinlnilloii nnil reciinnlrur
tliln Mich tin ntnlcsmcn nnil people hnve
never been cnllrd upon to attempt be
fore. Wo have siooi npait. studiouslj neu-
ttal. It was our manifest duty to do so
Not only did we have no part or Interest
In tho policies which seem to have
brought tho conlllct on, It was neers
enry, If n unlvcrsnl catastrophe wns to
lie avoided, that n limit should he set to
the sweep of destructive wnr, nnil thnt
some part nf the Brent fnmllj of na
tions should keep the procrsses of pence
nllvr, If only to prevent collective eco
nomic ruin nnd the brrnkdown through
tint the world of the Industries by
which Its population lire fed and
Miistnlned, It wis manifestly tho dtitv
of tho self -governed intions of tills
hemisphere to redress, if possible, the
balanco of economic loss and confusion
In tho other if thev could do nothing
moro. In the dny of readjustment nnd
recupornllon we cnrncstlv hope nnd be
lieve that they can bo of Infinite service
In this iieulrnllt, to which they were
hidden not onlj lij their Mepnrute life
nnd their habitual detachment from the I
politics of I'lirnpe, but uto by n clear
perception of International duty, the
Mtntes of mcrlcii have become con
nclotiM of a new nail more vltnl commu
nity of Interest nnd moral partnership
In nffnlrs. more clearlj conscious of the I
ninny common sj mpntliles nnd Inter- lnctlt 0f our own lives upon our own prln
ests nnd duties which bid them stand , ,.,, s of right ami liberty, we resent irotn
together. I whatever imuiter It tnav come, the ag
Latin-American Relations
There wus a time in the caily ilavs of
our own great nation nnd of the republics
fighting tholr wav to Independence In
Central and South America when the
Government of tho United States looked j
upon itself as In some sort tlio guaruiun
of the republics to tin- south of her os
against any encroachim nts or ifforts at
political control from the othei side of
tho ivnter felt It Its duty to play the
part even without Invitation from them,
nnd I think that wo can claim that the
task was undertaken with .1 tiuo nnd
disinterested enthusiasm for tho freedom
of tho Americas and the unmolested self
government of her Independent people.
But it was nlunvH dllllcult to maintain
such ft role without offenso to tho pride
of tho peoples whose freedom of action
we sought to protect, nnd without provok
ing serious misconceptions of our motives,
nnd every thoughtful man of alTalrs must
welcomo tho nltered circumstances of tho
new day In whoso light wo now stand,
when thero i no claim of guardianship
or thought of wards but. Instead, a full
nnd honorable association oh of partners
between ourselves and our neighbors, In
tha Interest of America, north and south
Our concern for the Independence nnd
prosperity of Hie Mates of Central mid
.South Vmerlcii Is not filtered. x e re
tain iiunhated the spirit that lins ln
Kplrctl us throughout the whole life of
our fuverniiifut find which wns so
frnnkly put Into words h; President
Monroe. V c will menn nlwnys to
make it eiinitiion cause of uatlonnl In
dependeui'e nnd or political liberty In
mrrlcn. Hut tli it purpose la now
better understood bo far as it concerns
ourselves It Is known not to bo a scltlsh
purpose It Is known to have In it no
thought of taking advantage of any gov
ernment in this hemisphere or plajlng Its
political fortunes for our on benefit.
s All tlio governments or America sianu,
so far as wo are concerned, unon 11 foot
ing of genulno equality and untpieMloned
independence
Mexico the Test
Wc havo been put to tho test in tho
case of Mexico, and we have stood tho
test. Whether we havo benefited Mexico
by tho course wo have pursued remains
to bo seen Her fortunes are In her
own hands Hut we havo at least proved
that we will not taku advantago of her
In her distress and undertnKe to Impose
upon her an order and government of
our awn choosing. I.lherty Is often n 1
fierce mid Intractable tiling, to which
no hOimdM can he set, and to which no '
houndft of 11 fetv ineits choosing ought 1
ever he set.
Every American who haB diunk at the
true fountains of principle and trnilltlon
must subscribe without reservation to
the high doctrine of tho Virginia bill of
rights, which in tho great days In which
our Government was set up was ovcrv
xvhero amongst us accepted as the creed
of free men That doitrlno Is: "That
government Is, or ought to be. Instituted
for the common benefit, protection and
security of the people, nation or com
munity;" that "of all the various modes
and forms of government, that la tho
best which is capable of producing tho
greutest degree of happiness and safety,
and is most effectually secured against
the danger of maladministration, and 1
that, When any government shall bo
found Inadequate or contrary to these
purposes, a majority of the community
hath an indubitable, inalienable and in
defeasible right to reform, alter or abolish
It, in such manner as shall be Judged
most conducive to tho public weal."
We hate uuhesltutlugly applied that
heroic principle to the case of Mexico,
anil novr hopefully uwult the rebirth of
the troubled republic, which hud so
much of which to purge Itself nud so
little sympathy front uuy outside quar
ter d the radical hut uecesMury proees.
We -will nld und befriend 3Iexleu, but
we will not coerce her; and our course
with reBurd to her aught to he sufficient
proof to nil America, that we seek no
political suseralnty or selUih control.
The moral is, that the States of America
are not hostile rivals but co-operating
friends, and that their growing sense of
community of interest, alike in matters
political and in matters economic, is likely
to give them a new significance as factors
in international affairs and in the political
history of the world. It presents them
us fn a very deep and true sense u unit
In -world affairs, plrtual partners,
standing together because thinking to
gether, quick with common sympathies
and common Ideals 1 Separated they are
subjeet to all the cross currents of the
eoufukrd politics of a world of hostile
rivalries 1 united In spirit and purpose
llwy caauot be disappointed of thrtr
peaceful destiny.
This la ruu-AuirrlcnnUui. It has none
at ike epirlt of empire In It. It Is the
rmVodliaeut. the effectual embodiment,
tit the vplrlt of law and independence
and liberty and mutual service.
A very notable body of men recently
met in the city of Washington, at the in
vitation and aa the guests of this Gov
ernment, whose deliberations are likely
several Independent States of this hemi
sphere and were assembled to discuss the
tnaoclal and commercial relations of the
to be looked back to as marking a memor
able turning point In the history of Amer--j;
They were represcnt&Uve men of tba
EVENING LEDGER PHIL.AJLJUJL,JillA, xuj!jbu, xv- -
WTLSON PLEADS FOR DEFENSE, MERCHANT FLEETAND GREATER
republics of the two continents which
tiatnro and political fortune hnve o Inti
mately linked toKether.
I earnestly recommend to .vour perusal
the reports of their proceedings and of
the actions of Ihclr committees. You will
cet from them, I think, a fresh conception
of tho ease and IntelllRcnco and advan
tage with which Americans of both conti
nents may draw torethcr In practical
co-operation and of what tho material
foundations of this hopeful partnership
of Interest must consist of how wo Bhould
build them nnd of how necessary It Is
that we should hasten their building.
Defense and Economics
'I here Is, I venture to point out, nit
tn(lnl Hliriitnf.nnre lust nnif nflnrti
Inir to this whole mntter of limiting; the !
merlens fimrlhrr In bonds of honor-
nble pnrlnrrshlp nnd mtitunl iidvnntiiBe
lircnuse of the economic reniljiistmrnts
j which the world must Inrvltnhly witness
within the next generation, when pence
shall hnve lit last resumed Its healthful
tnsks. In the performance of these
tasks I bollevo the Americas to bo
destined to play tholr parts together
1 am Interested to fix your attention
on this prospect now becauso unloss
you take It within your view and per
mit tho full significance of It to com
mand Jour thought, I cannot find tho
right light In which to set forth the
particular matter thnt lies at tho verv
front of m whole thought as 1 address
votl todav I mean nntlniinl defense.
Must Protect Democracy
No one who tcilb i omprelietids the
spirit of the great people for whom wo
aru appointed to speak an fall to perceive
tli.it their passion Is for peace, their
genius best displaced in I he practice of
the arts of peace ,rent dcniocrneles
lire not belligerent. 'I hey do not seek
or desire war. 'Ihclr thought Is of In-
dividual llliortj nnd of the free laho
that supports life and the iinrensorrd
thought that quickens It, t oiumest nnd
dominion are nut In our reckoning or
agreeable to our principles.
Hut lust because wc demand unmolested
doveloptnelit '! the undisturbed govern
gression we ourst'lves will not practice
XV c Insist upon security In prosecuting
our self-elioeii Hues or national de
velopment. We do more than thnt. We
ilcmnnd It also for others. We do not
'online our enthusiasm for Individual
,,.r(j nnd free nntlonnt development
i tlie Incidents and movement of nf-
fairs which alfect onl? ourselves. We
feet It wherever there Is n people that
tries to walk In these difficult pnths of
Independence nnd right. I'rom the first
we havo made common cause with nil
partisans of llbertv on this side of the
sen, nnd li.no deemed It as Important
that our nelchbois should bo fiee from
nil outside domination as that wo 0111
selves should be, havo set America aside
as a whole toi the uses of Independent
nations and polltk.il freemen
An Instrument of Peace
Out of such thoughts grow all 0111 poli
cies vc regard wnr merely ns n means
of asserting; the rights of 11 people
iigntnst aggression. And we nre ns
ilereelv lentous of coercive or dicta
torial power within our own nitflon ns I
of aggression front without. Wo will j
not maintain n standing nrmj e-
cept for uses which aro ns necos- 1
sary in times or peace as in tunes or war;
and we shall always sto to It that our
military peico establishment Is no larger
than Is actually and contlnuouslj needed
for the uses of days in which no enemies
move against us Hut wo do believe In n
body of free citizens le.idv nnd sulllclciit
to take care of themselves .mil of the
Oovernni' ins whbh the line set up to
serve them In our constitutions them
selves we have commanded thnt "the
right of the people to keep und bear
nruis shnll not he Infringed," nnd our
confidence bus been thnt our safety 111
times of danger would lie in the rising:
of the notion to take cure of Itself, ns
the farmers rose at I,rxlngton.
hut war has never bien a mere matter
of men nud guns It is u thing of disci
plined might If our citizens am ever to
fight effectively upon a sudden summons,
they must know how modern lighting Is
done and what to do when the summons;
comes to render themselves Immediately
avallablo and Immediately effective. And
tho Government must be their servant In
this matter, must supply them with the
training they need to take caro of them
selves nnd of it. The mllltnry arm of
their Oovernment, which they will not
allow to direct them, they may properly
uso to serve them and mako their inde
pendence secure and not their own inde
pendence merely, but the rights also of
those with whom they havo mndo com
mon cause, should they ulso be put In
Jeopardy They must be tilted to piny
the great role In the world, und par
ticular!) in this, hemisphere, for which
they are iiliillllril by principle and by
chastened ambition to play.
Army First Consideration
It In with these Ideals In mind thnt
the plans of the Department of Wnr
for more ndrqunte nntlnnul defense
werr conceived which will he laid be
fore you, and which I urge you to sanc
tion und put Into effect lis noon ns they
can be properly scrutinized und dis
cussed. 'Ihry seem to me the essential
first steps, nud they seem to me for the
present slllllclent.
They contemplate nn Increase of the
standing; force of the regulnr urmy
from Its present strength of 5023 olll.
errs nnd 102,US5 enlisted men of nil
services to n strength of 7I3U o ill errs
nnd 131,707 enlisted men, or 1 ll.Kia, till
told, nil services, rank and file, by the
addition of ."- companies of const urtll
Ictj, IS companies uf engineers. 111 regi
ments of lufuntry, four reKlniepts of
field itrtlllery and four aero aquadrons
besides 750 olllcers required for a Krent I
variety of extra service, especially the
ull-luiportuut duly of training the citi
zen furce of which I shall presently
speak, 7D- uouconiutlsslonrd olllcers for
service In drill, recrultlugr nnd the like,
nud the urcessary quota of enlisted men
for the quartermaster curps, the hos
pital corps, the ordnance department,
uud other slinllur uuxlllary services.
These are the additions necessary to
render tho army adequate for Its present
duties, duties which It has to perform not
only upon our own continental coasts and
borders and at our Interior army posts,
but also In the Philippines, In the Ha
waiian Islands, at the Isthmus and in
Porto Illco.
400,000 Citizens to Aid
lly way of making the country ready
to assert some part of Its real power
promptly uud upon a larger scale,
should occasion arise, the plan also
rontcmplutra supplementing; the army
by a force of 400,000 disciplined citi
zens, raised lu Increment of 133,000 a
year throughout a period of 'three
year. This It I proposed to do by a
process of enlistment under which the
serviceable men of the couutry vrould
be asked to blud themselves to serve
with the color for purposes of train
lug for short periods throughout three
years, and to route to the colors at
call at any time throughout au addi
tional "furlough" period of three ears.
This force of -400,000 men would be pro
vided with personal accoutrements as
fast as ealUted and their equipment
fur the field made ready to be supplied
at aay time. They woud be assembled
for tralalas; at stated Intervals at cou-
EVENING T.iBTiaTOtl-PTTTTiADTOT.PfllA. TUESDAY, DEOEMBEB
lenient places In nmtnclntlon with snlt
nlile nnlls of the rcKiilnr nrmr. Their
period of annnnl training would not
nrerssnrllr exceed Inn months in the
year.
It would depend upon the parlntlc
feellnfc of the younn-er men of the
country whether they responded to ntich
n call to service or not. It would de
pend upon the pntrlotlc spirit of the
employers of the country whether they
mnrir It possible for the younger men
In their employ to respond tinder fnvor
nhle conditions or not. t, for one, do
not doubt the patriotic devotion either
of our yotinir tnen or of those who nlvc
them employment those for whose
henent nnd protection they would, In
fact, enlist, I would look forward to tho
success of such nn experiment with en
tire confidence.
At least so much by way of preparation
for defense seems to mo to bo abso
lutely Imperative now V-c ennnot do
less.
The Naval Program
The program which will be laid heforo
you by the Secretary of tho Navy la simi
larly conceived. It Involves only a short
ening of tho time within which plans long
matured shall be carried out: but It does
make definite nnd explicit n progtam
which has heretofore been ontv explicit,
held In tho minds of the Committee on
' Naval Affairs and disclosed in tne de
hates of tho two houses, but
nowhere.
formulated or formally adopted It seems
to me verv ilcnr that It will be to the
advantage of the country for tho Congress
to adopt a, comprehensive plan for put
ting tho navy upon a final fooling of
strength nnd efllclcncy nnd to press that
plan to completion within tho next flva
years. We have nvvnyn looked to the
navy of the country as our llrst nnd
chief line nf defense) we linve nlwny
seen It to be our manifest course of
prudence to be strong: on the Neas.
Irnr I13 sear we have been creatine n
navy which now ranks verj high Indeed
nmotiir the navies of the maritime nn- '
tlons, We should now definitely deter
mine how we shall complete what we
hnve begun, nnd bow soon.
'I he progrnm to be laid before you
contemplates the construct Ion liltliln
live j curs of 10 battleships, slv battle
cruisers, lit scout cruisers, r,t destroy
ers, Ifi fleet submarines, N coast sub
marines, four Kiinboats, one hospital
ship, two ammunition ships, two fuel
oil ships nnd one repair ship. It Is pro
posed thnt of this number we shall the
llrst jrnr provide for the construction
of two battleships, two battle cruisers,
three si out cruisers, r. destroyers, live
Meet submarines, 2.1 const Ntibmiirlues,
tvto guiihonts und one hospltnl ship)
the second jcur, tvto battleships, one
scout cruiser, to destrojers, four Heel
submarines II, coast submarines, on
gunhimt and one fuel oil shins the 'third
?ear, two liattlesiiips, one iiattle
erulser( two scout cruisers, five destroy
ers, two licet NiihmnrliifH nnd 1.'
const submarines! the fourth rnr, two
battleships, two buttle cruisers, two
scout cruisers. 111 destroyers two tleel
submarines. If, const Niibmurli "
ummiiultlnn ship mid one fuel oil ship,
mid the fifth ?etir, two bnttleshlps one
battle cruiser, two scout cruisers, 10
destrojers, two Meet submarines! IS
const submarines, one gunboiit, one
uiiimuiiltloii ship und one repulr ship.
The Seiritaiv 01 the N'.ivv Is asking
also for the Imtiuiliato addition to tin
personnel of the iuc of ".100 sailors, L'jOo
apprentice seamen and TOO murines Tills
Increase would be sulllciint lo cue for
tlie ships nlilih .lie to be completed
within tho llscnl year 1917 and also for the
number of men which must bo put in
training to man tho ships which will be
completed earlj in 191S. It is also neces
sary that the number of midshipmen at
the N'avul Academy, at Annupolls, should
be Increased bj at least 200, hi order that
tho force of olllcers should bo moro rapid
ly ndded to; and authority Is asked to ap
point, for engineering duties only, ap
proved graduates of engineering colleges,
and for servlco in the aviation cotps a
ceitaln number of men taken from civil
life
If this full program should be carried
out we should have built or building' In
IP-I, according: lo the estimates of sur
vival nnd Nfiiudiirds of classification fol
lowed b.v tlie (ielierill Hoard of the de
partment, an elfectlve nuv couslstltit;
or 7 battleships or the first line, slv
battle cruisers, 2." battleships of the
second Hue, 111 armored cruisers, t;
scout cruisers, live lirsf.cliiss cruisers,
three second-class cruisers. III third
class crulserN, 10S destroyers, lt fleet
submarines, 157 const subinnrlues, six
monitors, -O gtiulioutH, four supply
ships, 1,, fuel ships, tour trnnspnrls,
three tenders to torpedo vessels, eight
vessels of special tjpes nnd two nmmii
nttloit ships. 'Ihls would be 11 nnvy lif
ted to our nerd and worthy of our
traditions.
Merchant Marine Urged
nut unities nnd Instruments of vvur
lire onl it part of whut hns to he con
sidered If we nre to consider the su
preme mutter of niitliiiiul srlf.stilll.
cleney und security lit nil Its usprcts.
There nre other great mutters which
will he thrust upon our attention
whether we will or not. There Is, for
exumple, 11 very preslng question of
trade und shipping Involved lit this
ureut problem of luitlounl udequacy. It
!m necessary for many weighty reasons
nf uatlonnl clllclciic und development
thnt we should huve u great luerchniit
murine. The fjreat merchant fleet wa
once used to make us rich, that great
body of sturdy sailors who used to
carry our flag; Into every sea, and
who were the prldo and often tho
bulnaik of the nation, we have almost
driven oUt of existence Uy IncxctUsabls
neglect nnd Indifference and by u hopo
lesslv blind nnd provincial policy of so
called economic protection. It Is high
time we repaired our mistake nud re
sumed our comnterclnl Independence on
the seas.
Question of Independence
I'or It Is it question of Independence,
If other nations go to wnr or seek to
hamper each other's commerce, our mer
chants, It seems, nre ut their mercy fa
do with as they plruse. V, c must use
their ships und use them as they de
termine We have not ships enough of
our own. We ennnot handle our own
commerce on the seus. Our Indepen
dence is provincial, and Is only on land
d vrlthlu our otvu borders. Wo aro
not likely to be permitted to uso even
the ships or other nations in rivalry
of their own trade, and are without
means to extend our commerce even
where tho doors are wide open and our
goods desired
Such a situation Is not to be endured.
It is of capital Importance not only that
the United States should be Its own car
rier on the seas and enjoy the economic
Independence which only an adequate
merchant marine would give it, but also
that the American hemisphere us a whole
should enjoy a like Independence and
self-sufficiency. If it is not to be drawn
into the tangle of European affairs.
Without such Independence the whole
question of our political unity and self
determlnatlou Is very seriously clouded
and complicated Indeed.
Moreover, we can develop no ttue or
effective American policy without ships
of our own not ships of war, but ships
of peace, carrying goods and carrying
much more: creating friendships and ren
dering indispensable services to all In
terests on this side the water Thej
must move constantly back and forth be
tween the Americas. They are the only
shuttles that cun weave the delicate
fabric of sympathy, comprehension, con
fidence nud mutual dependence In which
we wish to clothe our policy of Amer
ica for Americans.
The task of building up an adequate
merchant marine for America private
capital must ultimately undertake and
achieve, as it has undertaken and
achieved every other like task amongst
us in the past, with admirable enterprise.
Intelligence and vigor, and it seems to
me a manifest dictate of wisdom that we
Gist of President Wilson's
Address to 64th Congress
AMERICA AND THE WORLD Problems faced by the ntterf State.
are part of the great world problems which the Great WarhbrosM
forward. They present "a prospect of reorganization ana '""J'r""
such as statesmen and peoples have never been called upon to attempt
MTh0 United States will lead the Wayjn MP',?.'
of international affairs which the conclusion of the War will necessitate.
LATIN-AMERICAN RELATIONS In the MutrMly " '
nation, of the American continent have been actuated by then "Pirate
life and their habitual detachment from, the Pg1''" of. EuT.PnUAnrttv
entered and been strengthened that spirit of Pan-Amer .can ""
which has made these nations "more clearly conscious" of the sympathies
and interests which bind them together.
MEXICO Mexico and its revolutions have been the great test which
the United States has undergone to convince Latin-America of the true
meaning of Pan-Americanism. This country must be fair and patient to
ward the republic south of the Rio Grande. The States of America must
work in co-operation. They must present, in the true sense a unit, a co
ordination of moral partners, actuated by the same sympathies m World
affairs.
NATIONAL DEFENSE The United States must be ready to pro
tect and defend from foreign dangers those principles and ideals or
democracy to which it is committed.
ARMY This branch of the national defense system must receive
first consideration. Plan of Secretary Garrison should be adopted.
NAVAL PROGRAM Plan of Secretary Daniels should be adopted.
MERCHANT MARINE The defense of the United States depends
not only upon its military and naval forces, but upon the extent of its
merchant marine, which must be increased.
PHILIPPINES AND PORTO RICO The United States must imme
diately proceed with the adoption of such necessary reforms as Will be
proposed to Congress and as are necessary to the assurance of the
economic and political liberty of these domains.
TAXES The President urges the continuation of the present taxes
and recommends a slight and gradual increase in the income tax and
taxes on additional commodities, among them oils, automobiles, internal
explosion engines, banli checks, iron and steel,
PEACE AND "HYPHENATES" After condemning the agitation
conducted by naturalized American citizens in favor of the countries of
their birth, the President urges the adoption of suchlaws as will ade
quately deal tvith this problem and stamp out the spirit of disloyalty en
gendered by agitators.
PROBLEMS OF ECONOMICS 77ie pa..aee of laws that Would
enable the Government to mobilize as easily and speedily as possible the
economic resources of the country in event of danger and provide for the
aid and advice of civil experts in both branches of the national defense
system is also urged. ... , , . , , ,
The creation of a commission of inquiry to look into the problems
of transportation with a view of making railroad regulation more modern
and efficient is also advocated.
should pioinpllv leniove eveiy legal oh
i,,rl,. 1l1.it nun stand In tho way of this
mm li to be desired n vlval of our old In-
dependetp e and sliouiu iiiciiiiaio 111 every
possible wio the building, put chase and
Anutliali legislation of ships.
Coucrnmenf Must Lead Way
lut capital cannot nccnnipllsli
this
Brcnt tnsk of n midden. It must embark
upon It bj degrees, as the opportunities
of trade develop, soiiietiungr must ne
done lit oucet done to open routes nnd
develop opportunities where thej 11 re
us ?ct undeveloped! done to open the
iirlerles of trade- where the currents
have not et lenriicd to run cspecliillj
between the two tmerleilii continents,
where thej nre, slngulnrl) enough, jet
to be crcutcd nnd quickened! mid It Is
evident that mil the t.overnmrnt enn
undertake such beginnings nnd iinsuiur
the Initial ilniiiicltil risks. When the
lisk has passed and pilv.ite capital
begins to find its w.iv In sufllcicnt
abundance Into these new channels,
the tloiernment mav vvlthdiaw Hut It
ennnot omit to begin. It Hhould take the
llrst steps, and should take them at once.
Our goods must not lie piled up at our
poits and stored upon sldetrnckH In
freight cms which aro dally needed on tho
roads, must not bo left without moans of
transport to nny foiclgu quarter. Wu
must not await tho permission of foreign
ship owners and foreign Governments lo
send them where wo will.
Ship Purchase Bill Modified
With 1 vIoh to meeting these pressing
neccssitli s of our toinmcrio and avail
ing ourselves at tho dullest possible mo
ment of the pie-sent unparalleled oppor
tunity of linking tho two Americas to
gether In bonds of mutual Interest nnd
service, an opportunity which may never
ictuin again If wo miss It now, proposals
will bo mado to the present Congress for
tho purchase or construction of ships to
be owned and directed by the Oovern
ment similar to those made to tho last
Congress, but modified in somo essential
particulars.
1 recommend these proposals to you
for your prompt acceptance with the
more confidence because every month
that has elapsed since the former pro
posals were iiinde has made the neces
sity for such action more nnd more
miiulfcstly Imperative, Ihut need wns
then forcseeni It Is now acutely felt
mid everywhere rrnlltctl by those for
whom trade Is waiting, hut who enn
find no conveyance for their goods.
I nm not so much Interested In tho
particulars of tho progrnm as I am In
taking Immediate advantago of tho
great opportunity which awaits us If wo
will but net In this emergency. In this
mntter, as in all others, a spirit of com
mon counsel should prevail, and out of it
should como an early solution of this
pressing problem.
Reforms in Philippines
Thero Is another matter waich seems to
me to be very Intimately associated with
the question of national snfety and
preparation for defenso. That Is our pol
icy toward the Philippines nnd tho people
of Porto Itlco. Our treatment of them and
their attitude toward us are manifestly of
the llrst consequenco In the development
of our duties in the world, nnd In getting
a fieo hand to perform those duties. We
must bo free from every unnecessary bur
den or embarrassment, and there Is no
better way to bo clear of embarrass
ment than to fulfil our promises and pro
mote tho Interests of those dependent on
us to tho utmost.
Hills for the alteration and reform of
the Government of tho Philippines and
for rendering fuller political Justice to
the peoplo of Porto Itlco were submit
ted to the Kid Congress 'Ihey will be
submitted also to you. I need not par
ticularise their details. You mo most
of you already familiar with them. Dut
I do recommend them to sour early adop
tion with the slncero conviction that
thero are few measures jou could adopt
which would most servlceably clear the
way for the great policies by which we
wish to make good, now and always,
our light to lead In enterprises of peace
ami good will und economic and political
freedom.
State of Treasury
The plans for the armed forces of the
nation which I have outlined, and for
the general policy of adequate prepara
tion for niobillzation and defense. Involve
of course very large additional expendi
tures of money expenditures which will
considerably exceed the estimated reve
nues of the Government,
It Is made my duty by law, whenever
the estimates of expenditure exceed the
estimates of revenue, to call the attention
of the Congress to the fact and suggest
any mteans of meeting the deficiency that
it may be wise or possible for me to sug
gest, f am ready to believe that, It would
be my duty to do so in any case; and I
feel particularly bound to speak of the
matter when it appears that the den.
cleney will arise directly out of the adop
tion by the Congress of measures which
I myself urge it to adopt. Allow me,
therefore, to speak briefly of the present
state of the Treasury and of the fiscal
V problems which the next year will prob
ably disclose.
On the 30th of June last there was an
available balance! in the general fund of
the Treasury of TlM.17v,10G.78. The total
estimated lecelpts for the vent 1D10, on
the assumption thnt the emergency reve
nue measure passed by tho last Congress
will not be extended beyond Its present
limit, tho 31st of Uecembci, 1915, nnd that
the present thitv of 1 cent per pound nn
sugni will be discontinued after the 1st
or Mny, lltli. will be WTO.SKWOO The bal
ance of June last and these estimated
leieniios come, therefore, to 11 giaud tutal
of $i7I,5S!,fi03 ".
The total estimated dlsbuisemeuls for
the present fiscal year. Including U'j.OOO.OOO
for the Panama Pannl, $ 12,00,00a) for prob
able deficiency annionrlntiuns and JGD.OK)
for miscellaneous debt iednuntlons. will
be ?T53,Stl,OO0. and tho balance In the
Kfiiciiu icinci 111 urn j it usury win ue n- kluli du or old staked lis very Hie to 1 'in
duced to f-i),i;il,bO"i7S The emergency rev- fr,.,. (Hrif from every entanglement that ' Tin- domestic questions which enjifet
cnuo ncl, if continued beyond its piescnt I inu darkened the lortunes of the older
time limitation, would produce, during Iin,,S ,i Kel up 11 new stimiliiril here Continued on Tnge Mix, Column Tin
tho half year then remaining, nbout $41.- , 1
OOO.oOO. The duty of 1 cent per pound on I - -3
sugar, If continued, would produce during
the two months of tho fiscal vcar re
inalnlng nftei the 1st of Mny nbout $11 -000.000.
These two sums, amounting to
gether to $oli,000.000. It ndded to the leve
lines of the second half of tho flscil
yeai, would yield the Treasury at tin
end of tho year nn avallablo balance of
$7(!.G11,C0j.7S.
The additional revenues required to
carry out the program of mllltaty aim
naval propaiatlon of which 1 have spoken
would, ns at picsent ofltlmnted, bo for tin
fiscal year, which 1 have already given
taken with tho figures for tho piesini
fiscal ye.n.H, which I have alreudy given,
disclose our llnnucl.il problem for lb
year 19)7.
Must Continue Present Taxes
Assuming that the taxes imposed b tb
emergency icvenuo act and the present,
duty on sugar arc to bo discontinued, and
that the balance ut thu close of the pres
ent llsc.tl year will ho only $20,64 l,C0.",",
that the ilisbursementH for the I'annm 1
Cnnal will again bo about $2j,000,000 ami
that tho additional expenditures for tin
army nnd navv are authorized by Con
gress, tho deficit in tho general fund ot
tho Trensury on the 30th of June, 1917, will
be nearly $23.",0Oi),O00. To this sum at least
JJO.OOO.OOO should be added to represent .1
safo working balanco for tho Trcasurv,
and $i:,000,000 to Includo tho usual defi
ciency estimates III 1017; and those addi
tions would mako a total deficit of eoma
$2O7,O0O,COO.
If tho present taxes should be continued
throughout this year nnd tho next, how
ever, thero will bo n balanco In tho Treas- 1
ury of some $70,500,000 nt tho end of the
present fiscal yenr and n deficit nt the
end of next year of only some $30,000,000.
or, reckoning In $G2,000,000 for deficiency
appioprlntions and a safo Tic.tsury bal
ance at the end of tho year, a total deficit
of some $112,000,000. Tho obvious mornl of
the figures Is that It Is a plain counsel
of prudence to continue all of the present
taxes or their equivalents, nnd confine
ourselves to the problem of providing
$112,000,000 of new revenue rather than
$297,000,000.
Must Pay As We Go
How shall wo obtain the new levenue"
We are frequently reminded thnt there
are many millions of bonds which tho
Trensury Is authorized under existing
law to sell to reimburse tho sums paid
out of current levenues for the construc
tion of tho Panama Canal; nnd It Is
true that bonds to the amount ot ap
proximately $222,000,000 are now avail
able for that purpose. Prior to 1913
$134,031,080 of these bonds had ac
tually been sold to recoup tho expendl- I
turcs at the Isthmus, and now constltuto
a considerable item of the public debt
Hut I, for one, do not believe thnt the
people of this country approve of post- 1
poulug the puynteut of their hills, llor- !
rowing money Is short-slKhtrd finance, I
It ran he Justified only when prrmunrnt
things are to be accomplished which
many generations will certainly benefit I
by and which It seems liurdly fair thut !
a slugle generation should pay for. The '
objects we urr now proposing- to spend '
money for cuitnot be so cluksllled, ex
cept In the sense that everything
wisely done muy be said to be done In
the Interest of postrrlty as well as In
our awn.
It seems to me a clear dictate ot
prudent statesmanship and frank finance
that In what we are now, I hope, about
to undertake we should pay as we go
The people of the country are entitled to
know Just what burdens of taxation they
are to carry, and to know frqm tho out
set, now, The new bills should be pad
by Internal taxation.
Urges Income Tax Increase .
To what, cources, then, shall we turn?
ThU is so peculiarly a question whltjli
the gentlemen of the House of IteDre- ,
sentatlves are expected under the Constl-,
tutlon to propose an answer to that you
will hardly expect me to do more than
discuss It n very general terms. We
should be following; an almost universal
example of modern government If we
were to draw the greater part, or even
the whole, 01 the revenura vie need
from the Income taxes. Uy somewhat H
lowering the present limits of exeuin- I
tlon and the figure at which the surtax ,
shall begin to be Imposed, and by la- 1 ,
creasing-, step uy step throughout the
present graduation, the surtax Itself,.
ine income taxes as at present appor
tioned would, yield sum sufficient jo ;
uaiMfc iv uvum ut ac irc.aaury- at '
7, 1915.
. ,nfl- I4ltnt
the end of the nseni yenr -
nnywheremaklnir the burden ..nrenson-
nhly or oppressively henvj. Tho procIAo
reckonings aro fully and ace urntely et
out In tho report of the Secretary of "
Treasury which will be Immediately
laid boforo you
Other Revenue Sources
And there aro manv nddltlonoi sources
of revenuo which can Justly be "sorted
to without hampering tho Industries of
tho country or putting any too Brpnt
Saw upon individual expenditure A
,nx of one per cent, per nation on ynao
line and nnphllin would yield, nt lie
present estimated production, 310,000,
0001 n tnx of CO cents per horsepower
on niUomoblles nnd Intcrnnl explosion
ennlnes. 15,1)00,000 1 11 stamp tnx on
bank cheques, probably ?IR.00,ormi n
tnx of 2.-. cents per ton on pig Iron, 10.
000,000 n tax of 25 cents per Inn on
fnbrlentcd Iron und steel, prohnbly HN
000,000, In n country of grenl Indus
tries like this It ought to be ensy to
distribute the burdens of tnxntlon with
out milking them nnvwhere benr too
benvllv or too exclusively upon nny one
set ofpersons or undertakings. Whnt
Is clear Is, thnt the Industry nf lis
genernllnn should pnv the bills of this
Bcnerntlon.
Peace and "Hyphenates"
1 havo spoken to ou todn, gentlemen,
upon a slnglo theme, the thorough prep
aration of tho nation to enre for Its own
security and tn mnke sure of entire free
dom to piny the linpnrtlal rolo In this
hemlsphero and In the world vvlilrh wo
nit believo to havo been providentially
nPBlgned to It I hnve hud In ilij mind
no thought of nny Immediate or particu
lar nrlslng out of our relations with
other nntlniis. We nre nt prnce nil It
nil the nations or the world, nnd there
Is reason to hope Hint tin question In
controversy between Ihls nhil other
rsovernmrufs will lend lo ituj serious
breach of nnilcnhle relations, grave ns
some differences of nlHliide mid pollCj
hnve been mul 111 11 J 't turn out to be.
I nm snrrj to sa flint the gravest
threats ngiilnst nur niilloiittl pence nnd
snfety hnve been littered within our own
borders. There are cltlfons of llio Vnltnil
States, I blush lo admit born under
other lings but welromeil under our gen
etous nnttirnli7itlon laws to tho full Xtee
dom and tipportiinltv of Amorlin, who
havo poured tho poison of tllslovnlty Into
the veiv nrlerles of our national life;
who have sought to tiling tlio iilthoilty
nml L'nnd name nf our liovernmciil lilt"
1 contempt, to destiny our Industries
I wheiover thev thought it effective! for
I ibelr vindictive purposes to strike at
them nnd to dolrise our politics to tho
uses of foreign intrigue. Their number
Is not 11s great as tninpnicd with the
vi hole number of Ihosc sturdy hosts by ,
which our nation Ins been enriched In 1
lecent geiiei.itlnii- out nf vlillo foreign'
stocks, but It Is grent enough to hnve I
brought deep disgrace upon us mid to
hnve made II necessiiry thnt we should
proinpllj mnke use of pn sses or Invv
by which we mny be purged of their
corrupt distempers.
nierlcn never witnessed nnjllilnu
like this before. It never dreamed II
possible that men sworn Info Its own
cltlenship, men draw 11 out of great rn-c
......i. ,., ,1 simntleil Nome nf flic
i.- n.i innLri tlemeuls of tlint
j uni,., Inn bow heroic, nation that In 11
Sim but not
IfefSMUrM $viUnl
iVjl J-glr Ir'aTatw " fti ami r?ijy I I mr MlV xa
IEt'8'lfc
1J.1 iTJ . I
m
Sii-
The ringing words of Pinckney, more than a
century ago, will be echoed in the 64th Congress
which convenes in WASHINGTON in December.
Not since the Civil War has Congress been
called upon for such vast appropriations as it will
be this winter.
More than $500,000,000 will be asked for the
Navy to be used in the next five years. Millions
more foi he Army and more millions for the Panama
Canal and geneal preparedness.
It will be a fiury winter in WASHINGTON !
Bip; sums accomplish big things.
The BALTIMORE & OHIO spent
$100,000,000 in four years for the
betterment of its lines, or $10,000 an h
for every working day of eicht hou
Lines were straightened, gradt
reduced, roadbed rebuilt, new ALL
STEEL EQUIPMENT FOR THROUGH
PASSENGER TRAINS purchased, greatly
, increasing efficiency in service..
All Through Trains from Philadelphia
to Pittsburgh, Wheeling, Columbus,
Cleveland, Chicago, Cincinnati, Louisville
and St. Louis run via
THE NATION'S CAPITAL
Washington
LIBERAL STOP-OVER PRIVILEGES
There are Nine All-Steel Trains from
Philadelphia to WASHINGTON equipped
with everything that is modern in Coaches,
Pullman Drawing-room, Parlor, Sleeping
Cars and Observation Cars, with a Dining
Car Service which is most excellent.
Leave 24th and Chetlnut Streets Station.
4 15 am ' 4.17 pm
7.45 am 6.12 pm
10.35 am 8.31 pm
12.30 pm 9.21 pm
2.16 pm
Bueuro copy of illustrated liouk ot Tralus"
from any of thu following Ticket Ofllces
834 Chestnut St.. and Baltimore & Ohio
btatlon. 21th and Chestnut Streets, or write to
iimiN.uui .vsiinv,
UUtrlct I'assenicer .Kent,
Nil Chestnut Mreet,
Philadelphia.
Baltimore & Ohio
"Our Passengers are Our Guests."
I
. aaa
INCOME TAX
thnt tnen
of sneli orlutnn , I
of nlleglnnee ..! '
free choices
glnnee mroM
turn In mnlltni renctlon ........ "t
CIov eminent nnd people who hiM
corned nnd nurtured them nnrt .. ?'"
mnke this proud country once , I
hotbed of Kuropcnn pnsston. 'I
A llttlo whl 0 ngo such n Ihlne .
havo scorned incredible. BeoAusoli
Incredlblo wo made no preparation fJfl?
Wo would havo been almost tmhai.2!1
preparo for it, na If wo were tS
or ourseivcs, our own comrades . I l
neighbors' But tho ugly and inuvstrf, I
thine has actually entnn k.. f! I
nro without adequate Federal 1m! ? J
deal with It. '" W .1
Must Crush Treason
I urgo you to enrtot such Iawh it in
earliest possible moment nnd feel th.i 1
doing so I nm urging you in a -.r..V ,
less than savo tho honor and self.r,,r?! .
of tlin nation Such crenture. .. f?? .
slon, cllslojalt.r nnd nnhrchy mnit I s
crushed nut. They nre not many 4
mry urn iiiiiinuij innilRnnnt, Anl tl, I
tmml nf our nnn-er ln1.t t-i .
them nf once, 'ihey hnve formed bI!!
fn destroy properly! they hnve en.,u i
Into conspiracies ngnlnst the nm)-.,u .
of the Coverniiienl! they hare senili
tn pry Into every confidential tM., ,
I wish thnt It could bo sild tliat onl. ."
few men, misled bv lnlslnken ssmlmctiti
nf nlleglntico to the governments MniuJ
which they were bom, had been guilty ti
disturbing tho self-nosfiesslou and mlrta. '
resenting tlio temper mul principles el '
tho country during thceo days of tm.
w nr, when It would seem that every tots 1
itlin tvne truly nn Attinflfn,, ...i .
Btiticllvelv mako it his duty and hl m. "
to keep llm scales of Judgment even 15J '
provo himself 11 paitlsau of no natlen k, l
nn ,i. !.. ,. ii'niiwi mere are
some men ninonir us, nnd ninny ruld,,, j
nbrnad who, though born nnd hrrct It
the I lilted Mates nnd cnlllng tliemvehtt'
Americans, hnve so forgotten tkea.
selves nnd their honor lis cltlient t '
I.H n.... If,, If ..nnt.n, ra.,
pin ineir pnsstonnie sympathy nil,
one or the oilier side In the great Euro-l
prim conflict nbove their regard for tb( '
pence nml dignity of the I nlted Stit,,, '
'I in- also prcncli nnd practice dli,,
lojnltj. No laws, I suppose, can ruck
corruptions of the mind and heart: kul
1 i,iiuiiiti iicil diui,i ui uiners w llnoul
also speaking of these und cxprestlm
the even dcepor humiliation and scorn ,
which ever.v Rolf-posscssedand thought.,.
fully patriotic American must fed .
lll-l, IK, Ll,llllT ,. ttll-lll iCIICl Ul lUC QJ
1 1 edit they are dally bringing upon ji
Real Strength in People
While wo speak of the preparation of '
the nation to make sure of her securitr s-
...I l. nf1A,tti,a rnnn ton .,.-, ..... ,.., '
.him j.v. v..,.a'i; fw" , , v iiiisi iiui lay v
Into tho patent error of supposing that 1
her real sticngth comes from armamenll
i,il mprn Kfi femlm rls nf vrlltnn 1 ,
otm s, of course, from her people, their
energy . their success In their underUk,
lugs, their free oppoitunlty to uso tht ,
natural icsourccs of our great homo Ini ,
mil of the lands outsldo our continental .
holders, which look to us for protection,
1 for encouragement and for assistance la
. their development; from tho organlzatloa
j .td fiecdom and vltalltv of our economic J
one cent for
" .--a
-78 1
i
11, ,,,, ,,. ,- iniM'iiiinrni m nrdpr l
serve Interests nllen to our own, ( 1 J
possible to denl with these fhlnga vJ 1
cfTrctunlly. I need not sugRf.t , ,
terms In nhleh they mny be denll v.M "
l.... A il.A ,,... , k
ts