'MERCHANT FLEET
MOST VITAL NEED,
M'ADOO ASSERTS
Secretary of Treasury
Wants Ship Purchase
Bill Introduced
l
400 SHIPS FOR NAVY
1 Copyright. IMS, by th UnllM Preai.
kr WASHINGTON. Oct. 13.-The reasons
hy, In his opinion, a merchant marlno
( bill should be passed at the comlnir Con-
, t trteis were explained by Stcretary of the
uJMrreasury McAdoo In an Interview today.
Fit wn a hi firnt linllr1 Interview since
t assuming offlcc.
Five fundamentally necessnry faclors
require that the Government como to the
aid of American shipping, the Secretary
declared These factors, he hold, were:
i, First Necessity for an auxiliary
, fleet for the navj a measure of pre
paredness In keeping with the Go em
inent a plan of rehabilitating the na
tion's defenses.
Second The necessity for an Im
mediate relief of American commerce,
' to that Amcrlcnn shippers and pro
ducers may not be dependent upon for
Ign flags and the exorbitant rates and
Insecure routes ot an unregulated
merchant marine.
l 1 Third Th hnnelfsancgs of nrhatp
capital coming promptly and vigor
ously to the relief of American foreign
trade.
Fourth The Government Is the only
agency of sufficient strength and re
sources to glvo the quick assistance
that Is necessary.
Fifth Delay means not only rejec
tion of tho full possibilities for ex
pansion of trade, but neglect of the
greatest commercial opportunity ever
offered, a nation.
IN THE LIGHT OF EVENTS
"In the light of world events," tho Sec
retary said, ''the creation of n merchant
marine v.ndcr the American flag Is the
fe most vital economic problem facing the
lleve the President will recommend the
passage of legislation at the approach
ing session, I hope that the shipping
bill, altered so as to make It meet all
the conditions of todaj, will become law
The fundamentals of the bill should be
retained, but. In view of the military les
sons drawn from the European war. It
should be so modified as not only to cre
ate an American mercnam marine, oui
to provide a fleet of steamers responsive
to the requirements of naval auxiliaries
In limn of wnr. In nneeches which I ex-
' pect tq make on my present trip I will
further explain my views on these
changes."
1 The Secretary leaned forward to cm-
phaslze his earnestness, and went on with
outstretched arm.
"There con be no difference of opinion
as to the necessity for adequate naval
i auxiliaries and for the development of
i our navy homogeneously, so that all Its
parts will be suttlclent and work In thor
ough reciprocation. The acute situations
that have arisen In our foreign relations
have emphasized more than ever the
necessity for an adequate nay a navy
Dnot lopsided and unbalanced, but thor
oughly (developed and well balanced In
I all of Its parts."
- The Secretary turned to his desk to dig
up figures from the Navy Department,
l showing the navy requires 400 merchant
vessels, for auxiliaries.
If h '.ft a rntnmnn knowledge" ho eon-
Ulnue. -"tljat this tonnage 1,172,000 gross
tons can only be surfplled In part from
the vessels now under American registry.
Obviously, these naval auxiliaries. If built
by the Government, cannot be left Idle
In our harbois.
ECONOMIC SIDE OF ntOJECT.
"There are two paramount reasons why
. such vessels, if built, should be operated
In commerce:
"First. If the real object Is to create
an efficient naval reserve, we must train
and educate a sufficient body of Ameri
can seamen to man these auxiliaries In
time of peace and constitute In time of
war the trained body.df valiant men
upon whom the countryrnust depend for
Its protection
"Second. Wo must operate these ships
In commerce for the welfare and pros
perity of our country, and while doing
this keep the snips in nrsi-ciass conai-
EVENING LEDGERPHILADELPHIA, WEDNESDAY. OCTOBER 13, 915
Hon, while at the same time earning
probabl) I think, certainly -a surplus
"How could such auxiliaries be oper
ated 7" the Secretary was asked
"The best and most practical course
would be to turn them over to a corpora
tion In which the Government Is the chief
or sole stockholder, to be operated by
that corporation under the general super
vision of a shipping board because
"It Is essential that the Government
have power to establish routes for these
steamship lines, nnd that these routes be
selected with reference to the greatest
development and expansion of foreign
commerce and general welfare of the
country
"The rates must be subject to govern
mental regulation through the shipping
board, 6 shippers may.be certain they
will get rates enabling them successfully
to competo with European rivals In tho
world's markets.
"The service must bo regular and re
liable, and tho routes, once established,
bo maintained for a sufficient time to
develop the business.
"The quality of the service, character
and speed of ships and rates must be such
as to put our people on a parity at least
with tho European competitors In tho
wotld's markets.
"In order to establish and maintain this
kind of service, large capital will be re
quired, because It may take several ears
to develop and build up trade on a pay
ing basis It Is Imperative, moreover, In
view of the conditions now existing
throughout the world, that this shall be
done with all tho speed that ample capital
and responsibility alone can provide "
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VuwtU I'the lalkluK Maclila
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. -.fsTL , i.I.Ima a. jku an It m in
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Hichln now on tha mar-
ana riva men ja
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t M!ln Teh ?!
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FWCfc JW.UU fiici'Ao
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vi.ri.liii: (wwtH WcrtUl a
POLL SHOWS C0X0RESS
FPU i'KEI'AKEDXKSS
Sentiment Ten to One in All Parties
for Increase in Forces
CHICAGO, Oct 13. A poll of both
houses, taken by the Chicago livening
Post, Indicates that Congress will over
whelmingly ote to support a measure
looking to an Increase In the mllltarv and
naval forces of the United Slates
The question propounded by the Tost
to every Senator and Ilcprosentathe In
Congress was:
"Do j oj favor an Increase In the army
and navy for defense preparedness?"
Mere than 100 replies were received from
Senators and Representatives
The ratio of the replied was 10 to 1 In
favor of the proposition for an Incrcaso
In the army and navj.
HENRY FORD'S PEACE
PLANS FORCE PARTNER
TO RESIGN IN DISGUST
Jnmcs Couzens, Vice President
of Company, Quits as Re
sult of Differences in
Opinions
BOTH STARTED POOR
DKTItOlT, Mich, Oct 13 -James Couz
ens, vice president and general manager
of tho Ford Motor Companj, has un
expectedly resigned because as ho
phrased It, Tie "could no longer agreo with
Mr Ford's utterances on peace, the
Allies' loan and national unpreparedness."
The action of Mr. Couzens closely fol
lows that of John F, and Horace K
Dodge, of Dodge Ilrothers, who threw
JSOO.OW worth of Ford Canadian motor
stock on the market last week following
the unfavorable reception of Mr. Ford's
Interviews on the war loan.
lichlnd the resignation and Its Imme
diate consequences lies a tale of business
romance Ford and Couzens grew up to
gether from poverty to bo multimillion
aires In lens than a dozen vcars Kach
has frequently credited the other with
his measure of success
Their activities have been so correlated
that their combined fortunes of moro than
JKAOW.OM never have been separated, ex
cept when annual dividends were de
clared Though these have been on a
plethoric scale, the bulk of the fortune of
each Is tied up In the motor company
Mr Couzens' resignation means that the
company will be forced to undergo a par
tial dissolution and complete reorganiza
tion In a brief statement Issued at his of
fice Just after ho nnd Mr Ford had split
Mr Couzens said:
"I could not ngree with Mr Ford's pub
lic utteronccs on peace, tho Allies' war
loan and national unpreparedness This
has been brewing for more than a week.
For some time I have disapproved of
the manner In which Mr. Ford has been
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w TT OW about biscuits today for our luncheon? You know, it was
X JL partly my biscuits that made Jack promise me this range
before we were married.
"I'm using gas again it's too hot for coal. Did you ever think
how this oven-door thermometer saves heat? As soon as the oven is
hot I turn the burners partly down, and still run no risk of cooling
the oven.
"Did you notice that gas lamp? Isn't it a great idea? It throws
the light right where it's wanted.
"Now the biscuits are done. Aren't they lovely? Jack wants them
nearly every day, and he swears he's getting fat. Do you wonder?"
"YEAROIJW
JVOVBL7Y
for Coal and Gas
sl SBBsssiMBsi noaan a
I
1
Four coal tooklnr holti: da-
plr nates 18 In coal oim with
DMiaorea door and tntrtnomeirr.
NoTfltr draft check, rcrmanent ,
KLn metal nnlau no blacking-.
Flee main caa burner! 2 raa
burner baklnr oren with ther
mometer, and aeparate brollinx
oren Heat roea Into flue, Gaa
laino at ton ot ranee. fj
f'urnlihed with or without a
ler and raa water heater.
Junior Ttarouni Aoieltv-
amaller. nut reneral featurea.
700 DKALEIW
In Philadelphia alone carrr the
fainoua Noreltr" line of ranaea
and ateam. hot-water and warm
air beatera.
ErerT aale la backed br the
Cm niarantee of aerelce and br
the HH jeara' reputation of one
of the larreat hMllnr and cook
Ina appliance manufacturer. In
the world.
Abram Cox
Stove Co.
American & Dauphin Sts.,
Phlla.
I
Baltimore & Ohio R. R.
2.50
Harper's Ferry .i W. Va. return
Sunday. October 17
The Most Historic and Picturesque Spot in Eastern America
T.w. Phtlarlelnhta . .RtflOa. m.
SPECIAL TRAIN Lv.60th Street 8:08a.m.
Ar. Harper's retry 1:00p.m.
Returning, Special Train Will Leave Harper'a Ferry 6:30 P. M.
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BUI uaa r" suanintrrd
BBjn rriiiHrin
wmmn
KLAXON
Don't try le run a car without a
'Klaxon. Safety Mr.t!
...p.Jlr ., MrM ..TaVat ,. , Vk
Ktazeaat
Kaai
Gaul, Derr & Shearer Company
tWaVatAMAaVV XtaVMam
Klvlnir statements to the press. His stand
on these and other matters has dla
ousted me, I told him so and we had It
out "
ISSUES STATEMENT.
Later Mr, Couzens Issued the following
formal statement.
"What Mr Ford lias to say Is con
sidered by many to be of wide Importance
because the business of the Ford Motor
Company has been built up to such a
magnitude that the public eye Is alwajs
on him. It was of so serious moment
to me that I decided to break
relations with him The friendly relai
tlons that have existed between us for
years have been changed of late Our
disagreements dally became more violent
I finally decided that I would not be
carried along on that kind ot a kite He
started In the automobile business 13
venrs ago. and It was through my efforts
that the Ford Motor Company was built
up around one man Henry Ford
"I liavo never In my life worked for
any man Even when I was a car
checker a few years ago I had no boss,
but I was and am today willing to work
with any man, I was'Ullltng to work
with Henry Tord, but I refuse to work for
him "
Although Jame Couzens haa not at
tracted so much attention as his asso
ciate Henry Ford, his connection with
the Ford Motor Company has been of
Importance second only to that of Mr.
Ford, nnd his personality Is a most In
teresting one.
Mr. Couzens was getting but $1800 a
ear as a clerk In 1902, when tho Ford
company mado Its smalt beginnings, et
In 1914 his cash dividends totaled .$3,000, -000
and his stock dividend (5,200,000, an
amount second only to the dividend
Sir Ford hlmseir wnien was .WW.
A Y Malcolmson, a coat dealer, who
was Henry Ford's original Pettier In
the Inception of what Is now the Kreatest
automobile manufacturing business In the
world, was Mr PouMna' employer, ana
It was through him that Mr Couzens
had the opportunity to buy Ford stock
He had saved JW0 out of his "';
nnd Mr Malcomfon gae him a Ifo
bonus He borrowed ,100 from a sister
to make an even $1000 and bought his
first block of stock In the new and strug
gling company He gave also a nolo
for I1B00 to make up his Initial Invest
ment of K00. the smallest, by tho
of any of the present Ford stockholders.
GIVEN Bid TOSITION.
The former ,1800 clerk was made sec
retary and business manager of the
company, of which Henry Ford was vice
president and general manager. At once
he began to display that talent for busi
ness detail that aided so remarkably In
making the enterprise a success and tnnt
soon made him Its business manager.
"I remember riding up the street with
Henry Ford In that car of his. said
Mr. Couzens later, in telling of those
times, "and talking over what salarlc
we were to ask for We decided .hat
he should get 3000 a ear and I ,2800. I
started out with n one-armed stenog
rapher, and finally got a bookkeeper I
wrote the llrst annual statement out In
longhand with an Indelible pencil.
The company under tho Joint manage
ment of Ford and Couzens was an Im
mediate success and paid a 2 per cent,
dividend when ftvo months old, a 10 per
cent dividend when six months old and
when It was nine months old a. 6S per
cent dividend
It was at Mr Couzen's suggestion that
Henry Ford bought out Malcolmson a
stock In 1W for 1178,000 because of dif
ferences between the two original part
ners. Ford and Couzens Indorsed each
other's notes for the amount, which was
paid when due It was this purchase of
stock that gave Mr Ford his first control
of the companj
Mr. Couzens had already bought for
$58,000 tho Block of Andrew Sterlow, on
original Investor, who became Interested
In gold mines. About that time, too, be
gan the payments to Mr. Couzen's sister
on her loan of ,100, payments which have
totaled $47,000 In dividends and $50,000
stock.
Yet for all his remarkable success In
business Mr Cousens's namo has seldom
appeared In print In connection with tho
Foid company. The Ford profit-sharing
plan Is directly In lino with Mr. Cou
rens's Idea and waa partly planned by
him. It was Mr. Couzens, In fact, who
announced the decision to try the plan.
When the street railway company of
Detroit refused to accedo to tho city's
demand for eight ticket for a mi....
and a payment ot back rentau"! J '
taxes, and threatened to stop it, """'.i
Mr. Couzens immedlari.lv .. i" c,r? a
with ft promise to run MOO Fortcar.
In place ot the street cars. Th. PnJT
pany came down, then Mr. Couzens .
glneered a, compromise. ""
Mr Couzens has served as rul...
of the Board or Commerce, and Is iinT. i
member of the Street Railway Comm!. 1
elon He Is also president of on bZw i
In Detroit ana director of two others inj4
n trti.r pnmnanv. "" ana .
t .
Seriously Injured In Motor AccM.n.'
Harold E. Eckor, Of Belmont avemi.1l
nnd Levering road. Is In tho West Phii, 'I
delphla Homcopathlo Hospital In a serlU
mm 1 nndlttnn as n. rmi1t f - ..... . nai
between a motoroyclo on which he wa
riding and an automobile on Belmont.,
avenuo, near tho Methodist Home hut
night. Tho automobile waa driven b
John Crist, of Nnrberth. The force of
the collision demolished tho motorrvr.il
j,, ..n ......v.. ic. icci m me air t
the asphalt pavement.
&illllllWataWM
sn
Tke "Smart
Overcoat
for tke Younger Man
This season the well dressed
young fellow will wear a 41
inch length double breasted
Overcoat made of the new
black and white,
and white mixed
are so attractive.
These models
with, full back, plaid inside,
quarter lined and are quite
i 4.L- " i.-...'" 1U- 4... ; :j
a tub vuidiicgi iuuMuy tuaio 111 cviucure,
$20 and $25
Jacob Reed's Sons
or
brown
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1424-1426 CHESTNUT STREET
fS.N &v$v. .t
k-
9
x. 5
A Big Asset This City
Should Not Overlook
By E. J. Berlet
President of the Walnut Street Business Association, Director Poor
Richard Club, Past President Rotary Club of Philadelphia, chairman
of the committee which brought the Army and Navy football game back
to Philadelphia and head of the movement for a Municipal Stadium.
Our business men should respond to tho opportunity
afforded them in securinc; for Philadelphia tho l2o Palnco at
83d and Walnut streets. If they do not, they admit that thero
Is something radically amiss in tho basic structure that sup
ports true commercial progress in this city.
Whatever adds to our city, draws to it. New York has a
big asset in its floating population which supports the hotels
and places of amusement. This incidentally leaves thousands of
dollars in its wake. Philadelphia should do everything possible
to bring from nearby towns and cities tho thousands who
would gladly como to enjoy what is denied them at home.
In this matter tho businoss men would certainly benefit
I am heartily in favor of
tho Ice Palace. It would
bring to our metropolis
thousands who would other
wise stay at home, and
from these visitors wo
would reap a substantial
advantage. Observation
shows that tho prosperity of
a city may bo told by tho
number and quality of its
amusements.
Subscriptions for stock of the Philadelphia Ice Skating
Co. are now being received by Chandler Bros. & Co., 1338
Chestnut Street, or Geo. A. Huhn & Sons, 1418 Walnut
Street. Detailed prospectus and full information, showing
how earnings will be made, sent upon application to
Philadelphia Ice Skating Co.
1011 Morris Building, Philadelphia
i
Announcement
The Big National Weekly
The Colored World
C; It will be a seven-column 32-page newspaper.
CI It will present the news of the world written specially
for us and in a form so attractive that men of all races and
women too, and even children, will prefer and demand it.
C, In its editorial policy, in its clean-cut style and orig
inality, in its mechanical make-up it is designed to equal
any of the best newspapers now published.
C. The plant, one of the most modern in the country, will
be open to the inspection of the public on Tuesday,
October 19th.
. '
A
n '
Because of inability to secure electric power for our
big jpjresses in time, the first issue of the Colored World
will be on Thursday, October 21st,
ON SALE EVERYWHERE
Price Sc Copy
r
Annual Subscription $1.30
THE FAIR PUBLISHING COMPANY
612-14 CHESTNUT STREET
PHONE, WALNUT 2851 ' PHILADELPHIA, PA.
217 Nwtk liravl 4Mi. ?VU.
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