JT
EVENING EEDGER-PHIEADELPHIA, SATTTEDAY, ODTOBEB 2, 1915;
ii
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9urotng jfi& Htfrjrr
fUBUC LKD6ER COMPANY
$B
QTItn K. K. CPMTlH. pMeiMXT.
. UMMwm. Tic Prwlnt t John C. Martin;
eaa TTMMortr: ramp b. nmi, jonn a.
Mrstlera.
aorroftiAL. roaiidi
CttW K. K. Cnni, Chairman.
kUrr.......... .... Extonttr Bdlter
0. MAKTIM.
t .
Oaneral BaaliMte Uumr
all at rmuo Lmn Bulldlnc,
io Stuara, PhiladalpMa.
OWMli.iiiiMMiBNtl ant Chaitnnt 8trta
C,.,,,,,,.....,,...rr-I7ti(n Building
xtMoiM I"- Metropolitan Tower
,. .raw rora giuuaina
....k..t.. in wot utmocrat uuuainr
...................... .1S03 Trltnin nulldlnc
I Waterloo ric, rll Mall, 8. W.
NEWS BUREAUS I
JMSjimniia MWUT Tha rent Iruliain
Nav,Vouc Miui .........Th rttnrt DulMInc
wmh.i ....,.. ....co rriMncntra
Bnaaatr a all Mall Eart. 8. W.
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0UB8CMPTION terms
r carrier. Dint OntT. fix eenta, Br nn, poarpatl
tatatot t rhlladalphla, except ftnn foretsn poitar
raselr, Diiit Oklt, ma month, twantr-flre oanti
Xmtlt OstT, en yar, thra dollar. All mail aub
aariatlpm parabla In kdranca.
nenoa sutwcrlAara wUMns adartta chanraa mutt
eld aa wall aa new addrata.
walnut
KETST0HI. MAW lM
.m
f 6A 17 jioarrta on rommioartiM to evrntng
. wiufui, innrpfrnKucf DUWIlIt 4 nihhkiboiwi
at ths nm.icn.niu roTorrtca is eiooi
euii Mia uinn
TUB AVERAGE NET PAID DAILT CIRCULA
TION OF THE EVENINO LEDOBR
TOR AUGUST WAS (B.alS.
mrLABELTHtA. 9ATURDAT. OCTOBEn I. Ml.
-f jnfcjngn tcTw complain that he it ignorant
rvbmo no never nau an opportunity tu got,
an education thereby confettet that
money ipent on tending Mm to
college would ftovo been waited.
IGURES TO SCORCH THE DONKEY'S
HIDE
N EJMFTY dinner pall la an argument
C -which no political orator has yet been
o tojrefuto or to strengthen. The most dls-
rWlng condition that confronts the Dcmo-
llcl strategists who aro preparing for tho
filsri next year Is that thero were moro
Bn dinner palls in the winter of 1914-15
2.' there wcro In 1812. They are awaro
tho dinner pall problem Is relatod to
savings bank deposit question, and that
Jlllng off In the amount of the savings of
plain people means a falling off In sup-
f. of the party In power.
he effect of two years and a half of Dem-
rtlc rule can bo read In the business of
savings banks In Philadelphia, the Scp
Htper reports of which havo Just been made
'flic. Take tho Philadelphia Saving Fund
ort as typical. Thero was credited to Its
josltora on September 7 the sum of $121,
,000, whereas on November 2 of last year
depositors had (117,308,000. There Is here
apparent Increase of J3.800.000, but the
ercst on the deposits amounts to about
00,000, leaving only $300,000 for additional
Ings.
tmpare this with the figures for tho
iar periods of 1911 and 1912, and it will
n that the total Increase In tho amounts
the t0 the dePs,trs then was $6,052,000.
8hreC the Interest credits and there
photoplinet increase In deposits from the
" tjjtaigg of the people of J2.842.000, or
bank68 as much as in the current year,
embrrts of the other banks show similar
cultle
Acedures carry their own comment on
Trlanx of business meddling and tariff
short Cyjg tn0 conflux 0f affairs too big
Next stery of amateur theorists.
Sunle '"H i
she wf
'A OILING FOR THEIR COUNTRY
play fr
Plekforj'S Tommy Atkins fought for tho
prim Hjj. ,. meaning Queen Victoria, and
relncar . ar . ,M,
mother? a day ho French soldiers
oyal family to defend, and they
Into Ui a Pa'tfy shilling. The peace pay
day It a dny" That has been raised to
rn rac the Chamber of Deputies. Even
Paul Any is not an Inducement to a man
yJS-s fam,1y a"3 faco death. French
mor' fighting not for pay, but for France,
ataJne thinks of this thrilling fact he is
"n'to conclude that the system of unl
w. service In the army has certain ad
Lges that can be found under no other
px! of preparing for national defense.
MBA BLAMES THE WRONG MEN
'-CTOR DUMBA, who was once the Aus
trian Ambassador to the United States,
i4 the reporters who met him on his
val. In New York on his way home as
were responsible for his predicament.
'aid that he hoped he might never see
,iaer one, and charged them with "mix
,Ug Mb all up" and never getting what he
NU right.
It he has .sot yet discovered it, the rest of
I know that reporters are not responsible
Mm retirement. They did not write any
isajtKiut stirring up trouble in the steel
" Sethtehem and the Middle West,
y west about their legitimate bust
pith a conscientious and discreet ef
my which even diplomatists might envy.
r
JRRAK, FRANKLIN AND CELLINI
MNOAXIK FRANKLIN were alive and
MM k acquainted with all the facts, he
& Matae, a fascinating volume out of 3er
f'lNisaw'a autobiography which a Bos
rrfHher ot works of pure literature Is
..
-iSTiWst; wKh thJte brilliant young singer
m asuie. mui make a denrhtful tale
tke rte C a Ctrl from tbe position
J"e 'CteneinaijtvT when she was 17 or U
Bll ' te a row donna at M with the
rial wwiM at aer feet With the creative
the aramatlo InsUnot he
Ol
J eBMatrtleM xiake a more Interesting
mat M Mim rm.r herself will telL He
AblleaJUT -j-j .. , ... .
ever tbe baseball career of
, jpr aer short period of self
fWzg dictation from a school
wMle ehe was learning the
AMislo. He would tell of her
fat the Castle Square Theatre In
i "MpPM d heavy operas were
torture at the hands
'IA niiaJin 1 .lls.. II. M
.(. V ! 3 " T "" fmi uintouun Ol
odae whJ paid M cents for the best
tSfi Uw JMuae, Tie wou!4 paint the back
"SsV f saaall 4as4a in his somberest
' vwla a4ev that tae brilliant fmltlnn
fu AJin by oontaaat. Her life affords
" JRf enough ter a aatondld romance of
t,
iip to m mmm wetar sIm
a? isa wim itiHairn imimnmnw M
eas va w she flanaet gat a vtmm
istea to
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"JHHIK SVHMMBt
iSnammmmmu
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announce that she will make the attempt
with her own hand, unassisted by the con
venient trained writer to put her desultory
recollections In shape to print.
Aa writing autobiography Is the relaxa
tion of age rather than the avocation of
youth, and comes when the career has been
so nearly completed that little of Interest can
happen In the future, there Is a certain ele
ment of pathos In Miss Farrar's determina
tion to toll tho story of her life. She Is a
prima donna at tt, and she Is not likely to
be anything more all the rest of tho years of
her life; such are tho penalties of early
success.
Benjamin Franklin had much to tell of
what he did and thought long years after
he had reached Miss Farrar's ago, and his
autobiography Is a classic. Bcnvenuto Cel
lini did not begin to wrtto his autobiography
till he was 58, and ho shaved his head to do
It and betook himself to a monastery for
two years until the work was finished. Ho
was a musician In his youth, an Miss Farrar
is. Ah no ono knows what is in tho lap of
time, Miss Farrar 28 years from now may
be able to produce a book that will live along
with the groat Italian artist's autobiography.
THE PLEDGE OF CIVIC DUTY
CITIZENS of Philadelphia whose con
sciences aro not squaro with the spirit
of tho oath of the Athenian youth on ad
mission to tho suffrage, when they enst their
votes at tho November election have no right
at tho polls. They do not belong to a de
mocracy, thoso who are too boss-ridden to
subscribe to tho following text:
We will never bring dlsgraco to this, our
city, by any act of dishonesty or coward
ice, nor ever desert our suffering com
rades In the ranks. We will fight for the
Ideals nnd sacred things of the city, both
alone and with many; wo will revere and
obey tho city's laws and do our best to
Incite a like respect and reverence In those
who are prone to annul or set them at
naught; wo will strive unceasingly to
quicken the public sense of civic duty. Thus,
In all these ways, we will transmit this
city, not only not tho less, but greater,
better nnd more beautiful than It was trans
mitted to us.
Hero In this pledge Is a miniature treatlso
In authentic patriotism, an evangel of clvlo
duty. It sets briefly but substantially tho
standards of real democracy; It states tho
obligations that rest on tho citizen of a
republic w'ho would not bo guilty of ln
clvlcism. To live for one's city, to bo alive for it,
that is the Ideal to bo allvo to Its needs.
Its Interests. For tho living, facing the
massed and controlled ballots of graft and
political mlsrulo, not the bullets of alien
foe, can win the. great victory of a city
redeemed permanently; can, by following tho
code of civic conduct Insplrlngly set forth
In tho Athenian Oath, gain and securo gen
uinely democratic government.
How many cltlzena of Philadelphia on No
vember 2 will desert their comrades In the
ranks who four years ago started Philadel
phia on the road to municipal decency?
How many will by their ballots Incite rev
cronco for what Is right and just, and ad
minister stinging rebuke to those above them
who havo been prone to annul or set nt
naught lofty civic Ideals, turning to private
endB what should be for the common weal?
How many will fight In the simple, easy way,
constitutionally provided, for tho Ideals and
sacred things of Philadelphia?
IN DARK MANHATTAN
THE New York Times has been having a
laugh at the expenso of Senator Hughes,
of New Jersey, and all because the Senator
annqunccd that he could seo no reason why
"If a woman is to be taxed on a basis of
equality with a man, she should not be given
an equal vote with him as to how her money
Is to be expended by public servants." This
seems very funny to the Times, which wants
to know, "What has taxation got to do with
tho matter?" Haven't they heard about the
Revolutionary War In New York yet?
WORDS IN CHAINS
THERE is no bondago more galling than
that of custom; and It is inescapable also.
Words, which by nature have a wide lati
tude of real and metaphorical meaning, are
fettered to a single significance by the cus
tom of using them more commonly in one
way than in another.
When it was announced that a distin
guished preacher had been sued for breach
of promise every one at ail Interested In the
case immediately assumed that he had de
clined to marry a woman whom ho had
agreed to make his wife. As he had a wlfo
already, there were the elements of a scandal
In the report But It seems that the min
ister is not accused of breaking his promlso
to marry, but his promise to pay certain
sums of money in a business contract.
"Breach of promise," however, Is chained eo
securely to tho post of a single meaning that
It connotes but one idea in tho popular mind.
Elope is another word that is not free. It
means merely to run away, but only poople
who run away to marry surreptitiously aro
allowed to elope. Notoriety is simply the
state of being known. A notorious man,
however, is a man of bad reputation. Sug
gestlvcness likewise means merely having the
ability to suggest, but it is used In a bad
sense. And criticism, however much it would
like to describe friendly as well aa hostile
comment, ilnds Itself unable to convey any
meaning save that of fault finding. The
number of such slaves might be multiplied
Indefinitely to prove that words are but
symbols that mean what we agree they shall
mean, and not what their ancestry would
justify us In supposing that they do mean.
Ultimatums are a dru In the market in
Bulgaria.
The Allies, like Paul Jones in a tight place,
are announcing that they have only just
begun to flint
Borne new tales win come out of Bagdad
when tbe British soldiers fighting the Turks
In that region get home.
One thing Is established, at any rate; the
Allies' oerreeponaents can take more trenches
in the dlepktchee than the Germans can.
George Sylvester Viereck, the. editor of the
Fatherland, has, at least joined the ranks
of the belligerents, He was married this
week.
Chief of Police Clark, of Darby, made a
record of C0-S0 for efficiency Thursday night,
for ha stood guard over staUn automo
bile yVhlle the thief iM away aad stole a
better one.
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THE WEST AGAIN
DRIVE OR NIBBLE?
Tho Background of the News of tho
Fighting- in Chnmpngno nnd'
Around LensA Week of
Great Importanco
By FRANK H. SIMONDS
IN FEBRUARY the official reports suddenly
began to talk of fighting on that llttlo
known front between the city of Rhelms and
tho Argonne. Day after day the cables talked
moro and more of the desperate fighting
about villages little known, and even for tho
possession of farmhouses, which acquired as
evil famo as that of Chateau of Hougomont
at Waterloo. The object of the French effort
was llttlo appreciated; tho fact that 260,000
men were fighting on either side was not re
vealed until many days after tho effort had
ended In practical failure, desplto Incidental
gains.
But far at the other end of the lino, In
March, there suddenly broke out that British
effort which Instantly filled tho press nnd tho
Imagination of tho world. After a sudden
bombardment a largo British forco struck tho
German linos between La Bassco and LUIc,
broke through, won clear, and then some
one blundered, tho dash to tho Aubers Ridge,
which Is tho key to Llllo, did not come off;
tho victory turned out to bo the advance of a
mllo on a four-mile front at a cost to Britain
of moro than sho paid In her own blood for
Waterloo.
"The Million Myth"
tate In April the Germans, using poison
gas for the first time, suddenly crashed
through the lino at the point where French
and Canadian troops touched, overwhelmed
the French, outflanked the Canadians, rolloi
up the whole British front and almost
reached Ypres. They failed, but the extent
of their temporary success disclosed to them
and to tho observing everywhere the plain
fact that Kitchener's million was a myth,
that British munitions were Inadequate, that
the spring drive was never to come.
Finally, In May, the last bid for a spring
gain was made. The French, under Foch,
the brilliant strategist who had won sucb
ronown nt the Marno, after a bombardment
in which 300,000 shells were used In a brief
time, swept east north of Arras, took a num
ber of villages, crowned the Lorette Heights,
and were almost at the suburbs of Lens. But
again a British failure came to mar the pos
sibility of a major success.
The 750,000 Mark
After this camo the great munition scandal
In England. At last the truth was known,
and England, six months too late, began to
mobilize her Industries. But the spring had
passed, the drive was Impossible, and Ger
many had turned east to dispose of Russia.
This she never could have dono had Kitch
ener's million been ready or British supplies
of munitions comparablo with French. From
Juno to late September the war in tho west
has been a war of outposts and snipers, save
for an occasional French dash In the Vosges.
Meantime, British ammunition was accumu
lating and British troops on tho Continent
Increasing, until they havo now passed the
760,000 mark.
Turning now to the geography of the .
western front it Is simplest to bogln by
dividing this whole front Into a few sectors
and discussing these in Vrn. These sectors
are Ypres, Arras, Alsne, Champagne, Ar
gonne, Verdun, Lorraine and Vosges. Of
theso only the first four are interesting at
the moment
To-begin with the Ypres sector: This ex
tends from the North Sea at Nleuport to
tho canal at La Bassee. On the west any
offensive operation Is Impossible because of
the Inundated districts, which the Belgians
flooded to check tho Germans In the Battle
of the Yser. About Ypres the Germans have'
crowded the British down hill and hold all
the slopes. To the east, In a wldo circle,
tho forts of Lille, dismantled by the French
and rebuilt by the Germans, close the road.
To the south the Aubers Ridge, east of
Neuve Chapelle, and the works at La Bassee,
offer obstacles that have blocked all attack.
In tho narrow gap between the Yser and
the Lys, east of Ypres, It is conceivable that
the British might make an advance, but
they would encounter a number of fortified
lines and their efforts would not menace
the main position of the Germans In France,
which Is tho first objective. To attack Llllo
is impossible, because tho French would
opposo a bombardment destroying the town.
Hence the operations between the sea and
the La Bassee Canal have been of little
moment since tho British failed at the Au
bers Ridge In the spring.
An Attractive Battleground
But to the south from the La Bassee
Canal to the Somme River, on a front of
perhaps 40 miles, with Arras as the central
point Is an attractive place for an attack,
and here things are happening. In May and
June the French cleared the Lorette heights
and pushed east to within four miles of the
Important railroad and mining town of
Lens, around which tbe Franco-British
forces are trying to throw a noose. The
Allies are striving for control of the main
highway, from La Bassee to Lens and Arras,
which the Germans use for reinforcing
their lines. It would win Lens, the most
important railroad centre from Lille to the
Olse, on the German front
Behind Lens there is no really good stand
ing point regard being had to railroad com
munications, until Doual an Cambral are
reached. If tho Allied advance could be
pushed to this point then the vhole western
side of the German elbow 1 France and
Belgium would be threatened, because the
French would be almost in sight of the lines
which supply the Germans far to the south
along the Olse, the upper Bosune and the
lower Alsne.
The possession of Lens would give the Al
lies control of one of the most Important
trunk lines from Paris to the north by
Amiens, Arras and Lens. Here, then, is a
front which offers local and ultimate possi
bilities which are patent when the map is
consulted. There is no considerable natural,
obstacle to hinder the advance and the
dominating heights are already la French
hands.
A German Gibraltar
From the Somme to the forts of Rhelms,
that is at tbe elbow of the German position,
the line of the Teutons seems impregnable.
It rests upon that range of hills, the Cham
pagne bills of the geography, whlcfc rise jt
to the west of the Olse and face west from
Noyon north. Beyond the OUe they continue
east, north ot the Also to Xerry-aM-Bac.
Tkeoc the 0aaa posHfen eyUndi U tha
Obasapajro plala across the eswtem forts
tt yiisian This position ww atrondr ror-
tMs4 ftp Fiene la cm fmm. km
mm wpaantiM tm fM emm
"SUPPOSE
waJSBWfcMWasKAy'--!iMsj.la''w '"sVr ,fry1Jt.e a s 4BSBL?OfltdSBSBBSBSBw snl sV fassss?BsCBBSBlSsaBBSBSBSM-aB?Y'33lBsK xjffik JIssBBSBBfj Baajsl MsTBi4JyssyBsae
them and rebuilt them. Back of these hills
threo trunk linos reach north to Belgium,
whllo a cross line mokes It easy to rush
troops from east to west
Here the Allied pursuit of tho Germans
was held up after the Marne. Here the
Allies wcro repulsed In tho battle of tho
Alsne, and later In the French offensive
north of Solssons. This position seems Im
pregnable, and against It the French have
directed no serious attack since last winter.
The best evidence points to the permanent
abandonment by the Allies of any hope of
storming this position and to the belief that
the Germans can only be turned out of It
East of the Rhelms forts and between
them and tho Argonne Is a SO-mlle front,
which offors the attacker the best oppor
tunity to bo found on the whole western
front Thero are no natural obstacles, the
country Is fairly flat sparsely popuUted,
thus removing tho objection that French
artillery must destroy French cities.
Could tho French push north from their
lino about Bouatn six miles, that Is from the
point which they hold when the present
drive began, they would cut tho Challerange
Bazancourt Railroad, which supplies the
whole German front from Rhelms to the Ar
gonne. They would Insert a wedge between
tho Argonne and Rhelms armies and they
would threaten the flank of each. Another
successful push and tho Germans would be
compelled to quit the Rhelms forts, and the
Crown Prince would have to give up his
year-long struggle In tho Argonne and be
tween the Meuse and the Moselle for Ver
dun. East of this Champagne plain, where the
Republican army defeated the Prussians at
Valmy, and Attlla's host was crushed, is the
long rldgo of the Argonne, a dozen miles
wide, covered by dense forests and penetrat
ed by few roads. In this the Crown Prince
has been fighting for months trying to get
six miles south to cut the Paris-Verdun Rail
road at St Menehould and Isolate Verdun
from the west The country here precludes
any great drive, as his operation has shown.
Eastward the trenches In front of the forts
of Verdun, the heights of the Meuse and
Woevre offer serious obstacles, and there Is
small chance of any major success, because
to the east lie the permanent forts of Metz,
barring the road Into Germany. For pres
ent purposes the Vosges and Lorraine fronts
may also be disregarded.
Another Polish Salient
Now with this hasty glimpse of the geog
raphy of the front in mind, it is clear that
the Arras and Champagne fronts are the
only points that offer real promise of profit,
local or ultimate. A local success In the
Arras sector would win Lens, it might clear
the Germans out of La Bassee and it would
threaten the whole German position south
of the Sommo, because It would toko the
Allies ciose to the main railroads on which
they depend.
Exactly in the same fashion a local suc
cess In the Champagne sector would relieve
the stricken city of Rhelms, Imperil the
flank of the Crown Prince, fighting to Isolate
Verdun, and It might be puBhed far enough
north, that is to the Alsne, about Rethel, to
menace the Eastern trunk line which sup
ports the German position in the Alsne sector.
Recall the Polish campaign of the Ger
mans and the point will be clear. Hlnden
burg and Mackensen were striking at the
two ends of the Russian position, which
extended In a wide curve from the East
Prussian to the Gallclan frontiers. They
had been halted in a frontal attack at the
middle of the curve before Warsaw.
In August they attempted to turn the
Russians, out of Poland by converging at
tacks, which were directed at the railway
lines behind the Warsaw front. The Brit
IN PRAISE OF COLLEENS
To tt Sdltor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir Ellen Adair, In todays Issue ot the Kyih.
Ino Ledges, pays to the Irish colleen a trib.
ute as deserved as It is evidently sincere.
Ireland, despite long centuries of studied wrong
and cruel neglect. Is the very home of optim
ism and no heart Is made the lighter and tha
more cheerful by it than that of the typical col
leen who, of all others, sees good in every
thing and in whom even sorrow is tinged with
humor.
I am a steady raader of Ellen Adair and ad
mire her writings much. They disclose sound
philosophy, deep reasoning and good common
tenae, and a most refreshing relief from the
tedious platitudes paraded in other newspapers
I could name. J,
Philadelphia, October L
THE MOVIE CENSORSHIP
To' (as Bditor of the Bvening ledger:
Sir I must disagree absolutely with you in
your declaration that the city is placed in an
Intolerable poaitlon because of the action ot
the courts of Allegheny. County In upholding
the authority of the Fennsylvaala Btate Board
of Motion Picture Censors. Authority must rest
somewhere, and whea'a censor board 1 mad
beetote In power, rwpooslbllity rests heavily
upon tae members and te least eugxetlnsj of
Itsaeawty ar doable . deallag is beatau-ebtne.
X am eeavtaeed tat tae Naaayhranta UU
Aeardef Omni j gf BN .tegttyj
aW.fWHi.TW jweUea matm Hfciew seeuM
ha 'm n, ajitfuYil -!-" ft
THIS HADN'T DRIFTED
ish and French In Arras sector, tho French
in Champagne are making a converging at
tack wholly similar. A progress of a score
of miles on either front might compel the
Germans to straighten their lines, as Mack
ensen's success at Lublin forced the Russians
to abandon Warsaw. Such an operation
would mean the retreat to the Belgium
frontier and the 1ms of all but a thin strip
of the French territory now held.
Take any map of the war districts of
Belgium and northern France and1 from Ar
ras draw a line east from the Champagne
draw another north. Before they meet about
Namur they will cut all the railroad lines,
which maintain the Germans In France.
Long before any armies had covered the
ground indicated by these lines the Ger
mans would havo retreated to escape en
velopment as the Russians retired, first from
Warsaw and then from Brest-Lltovsk. There
is not the smallest prospect that the Ger
mans will be enveloped, but the threat would
be sufficient if carried forward a few miles
to clear most of France.
Looking Down From the mils
Looking now to what has been accom
plished, It will be seen that the British In
their first attack pushed east south of La
Bassee, until they cut the La Bossce-Arras
highway and dominated Lens from Hill No.
70, which Is a mile north of the city and two
miles south of Loos, which the British also
captured. At the same time the French
pushod east, south of Lens, and cut the
Lens-Arras highway three miles south of
Lens. This town Is then more than half
surrounded by allied troops, who hold the
hills commanding It If the positions taken
can be held against tho German counter
attacks Its evacuation Is assured.
To the north La Bassee has been trans
formed Into a second salient because the
British were already east of It on the north,
and their advance to the Lens-La Bassee
highway to the south has drawn a semi
circle about this town. But the half circle
is wider, and the Germans aro less likely
to withdraw hero if no more ground Is lost
by them. But their hold has been gravely
weakened. Further successes will mean a
German retreat both from Lens and La Bas
see and a general allied advance toward the
Lllle-Douai-St. Quentln Railroad.
If the Allies ever get astride this road, be
tween Doual and Cambral, German with
drawal from France Is next to inevitablo.
If they pass It north of Doual the evacua
tion of Lille Is likely to follow, becauso In
both cases German lines of communication
will be gravely Imperiled. If the French are
stopped now to the south and the British to
the north of Lens, nnd this .own falls, the
Allies will still have token a long forward
movement toward the railroads, possession
of which Is vital to German resistance in
France, not merely at tho points assailed,
but far to tho south along the Alsne front
In the same fashion In the Champagne
sector tho French have stepped out of their
lines and covered half tho dlstanee to the
Challerange-Bazancourt Railroad, which is
within two miles and a half of their present
front One more push and they will be
astride of this railroad and in the rear of
the Germans, who are holding the forts
north and east of Rhelms. They will also
bo on the flank of tho Germans with tho
Crown Prince In the Argonne. Such a sain
held will end the attack upon both Rhelms
and Verdun. The present gain held will
threaten both German operations and make
the use of the railroad exceedingly difficult
But until the French are ablo to roach S
railroad their operation will haveTs Im
mediate value than that of the British abou
any Mm he may submit ah.n ,- .
SSoXh
TZ 'm'im
board's decision woufd t'0n of . a nsor
would bring thS elro plcurilnCflnnU,l0.n ant
State into a chaotta condition! .It.ry ,n thl
Philadelphia, SeptembTT ZWBnL.
AFTER THE WAR
To the Editor o the evening Ledger
Sir-Henry Ford, tha automobli. .-. -
Ban? & tsfsrS "
Pny has dealings take any part n? bii ?"
then he will withdraw evVnt h."Ld ,oan
deposit with them. y Wnt be ha on
When nations are in desperation i,.
consider the future. QiUy the Dreaan 7 never
considering. r " Preent Is worth
If Americans were jut one-half as nr.rii,
and far seeing as the Enirllah thLFil ,lcal
would be a blessing, The aSage K, .
veator has seen enough of thla war ?5 iLi?"
Wm to . something "of whit lT to folliL
The day of claaa and caste In Brltato 2 a?3
ing to a close. Both poMIcal 2.LW
MY WAYl"
FARTHEST NORTH SCHOOL I
It Is Situated at Point Barrow, Alaska's
Nearest Approach to the Pole
Somebody should do for the points of tht
compass what Foe did for the alphabet when
he figured out In "The Gold Bug" the com.
paratlve frequency of the lotters os they oo- '
cur in ordinary writing. I mean the names
of the four principal directions when used
to designate the four quarters of the globe,
as Kipling used two of them:
For East is East and West is West
Which word Is the oftenest used In ordi
nary speaking and writing "East" "West,"
"North" or "South" 7
"North" suggests bleakness and bitter cold,
but in all probability It would not be found
last In such a comparison as has been sug
gested. A Peary and a Cook and a Stef ana
son bring the word. Into common use, and
every spell of hot 'weather does the same
thing. But we seldom speak of the schools
of the far North. The schools of Alaska ore
serving as social centres to an extent hardly
to he rivaled In the rest of the American
States. Another Interesting fact about them
Is that the pupils never have to be sent home
because of the scorching heat The Farthest
North school In the Western hemisphere Is
located at Point Barrow, which is Alaska's
nearest approach to the Pole.
There are 77 schools In Alaska, with an
enrolment of S683 and on average attendance
of 1797. Some are on the frozen ocean, in
touch with the mainland only once or twice
year. For eight months all of them, ex-
cept those on the southern coast are reached
only by frozen trails. The work of the
teacher is necessarily one of self-denial and
hardship.
There has lately been a remarkable In
crease In the use of English among the Eski
mo population, every church service now In
cluding responsive reading from the English
text of the Bible, In which a large percentage
of the congregation joins. Generally the Es
kimo youths are quick to learn. They read
well, always with the spirit though not al
ways with the understanding. But they are
eager for the, explanations and Interpreta
tions which frequently require patience and
ingenuity. The pupils are good at arithme
tic, and some ore rapid in mental work.
They have a strong natural Instinct for
imitation, which stands them in good stead
in writing and map making, and they are
surprisingly good In spelling and composi
tion, while all the children above the first
grade keep diaries throughout the term.
Practically the entire population totally ab
stains from drink, so that the problem of
drunkenness hardly enters at alt But there
is, on the contrary, a vast use of tobacco
among children as well as adults, and tho
most Inveterate users of It are women, who,
once In the grip of the habit, are more of
slaves to it than the men. On the other
hand, the district bathtub Is a delight al
most to the point of dissipation. One of the
teachers says that it Is a special feature of
the school life in his district "It Is no tmr
common Bight to see four boys in a tub at
a time." They are so In love with good,
warm waler that it i' difficult at times to
prevent them, taking two baths a day.
Bad housing Is largely responsible for
tuberculosis and many other diseases. There,
are all-night dances In crowded, lll-ventl-lated
rooms. Business knowledge is being'
extended. Furs can be sold through agen
cies or by mall, and the Esklbo is quick
to take advantage of the chance. The pur
chase of reindeer has helped the whole com
mercial life, and every one Is eager to be
come an owner, this being specially true of
tho boys who go to camps in summer, learn
ing the habits and traits of the deer as well
as helping with the care and herding.
. NATIONAL POINT OP VD3W
.Nf,..SneJ!n'1!vllual or bank- wHt he compelled
to subscribe to the Franco-British loan. It Is
pre-eminently a voluntary matter all around.
JinaV"?110". Hberty "Hld or his neu
trality jeopardlzed.-Clevelana Plain Dealen
It Is fashionable nowadays to say "no" to the
.U!'lVen V "Utt, ar'nk"l time when
.J,.W.?,...5c.Bln of mollycoddilshness. Men who
Srtnv .r,, ?M. of u' and those who do
Times tY d,lln't Washington
.J',1! kII""1' that the dlpleroatlo service
n ,.! re.mv from the "pap" clasalBca
t ??' JrJ ved Xr0.m Wwure at domsetla poll.
iSli - Lpromo.t,on.Jlnd "'motions be based
1 Jnn """"i1- Tbat ta the flrst reform In
Press? PrPar1ne Prosram.-arand Rapjds
History will one day do luatlea tn tha m.
cuYni'nS' '"$ &Chbm
i-Jf V0Ja ?n?,nf over here hats in hand to
th.r.wW.h,at T tebfl the debtor natli.
tne largest sum of money ever raiaad bv aay
Bt P,:rnM6a out" - &HoSa2
" n
. Th awry mak. . - ., . ,.
y- M Is ae Btae IT ff mjfiK
.set -a aT WIMJ lt
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aSisaaZ' "" w wmissiiM Cat
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