a
PUBLIC LEDGER COMFANY
C1HUS K. K. CURTIS. PMilttnT.
Ctertae R.t.lMliitii,VlcrmMtnti Jehn O Mirtln,
gaemary as Treotnrerj millp 8. Collins, Jean B.
ywt. Director a.
XDITORIAIi VOAIlDt
Ct ft. K. Cnin, Chairman.
, . WHALTir ..ExrcutlT B4ltet
KMtN C WARTIW........,Qnrl ButlneM Maaant
rnfeiutixi 4iir at rmuo lihu Buiiainr.
lnlriianf Sahara, Philadelphia.
tMN Cmnit. ........ Dread and Chetnut Rtreett
ATUXTtO Cllt... , .rrttt-Vnlen Bulldlnc
r -. banott. .... S2 ford nulMIni
f. Icie. ..... ...... .40 Olaae imcrnl nutldlnc
Clca.... 1202 Trlenne Mulldlnr
IfiMH...... S Walerle Place. Tall Mill, S. W.
r. NEWS BUnBAUSl
W.emwaTOK Bcaain Tli ! nulldlnc
rjr Yaic Bnuv. ., , Th T(mf nulldlnc
mil Jtctus.. ...60 rtledrlchitraiM
Lltaf BEHiV. 3 Pall lUll Kilt, R. W,
Wttm BCMMV S3 Iue Loula It Oraad
SUBSCniPTION TERMS
. Br arrl,r. DiiLT Oxli, ill cante. Br mill, pettpald
WtaM cf rhlladelbhla, except where ferelm pwill
it rlrd, Diilt o.ilt, ane menth, twenir-flre rente f
XtollT O-ai, en year, thru dotlara. All mall me
irtptleaa parable In adrenc.
.Nortca Subtcrtbera wlihlnr addreie chanted muit
(It aid at well aa new addrtia.
JHX. MW TAUTCT KETSTOKK. MAIN HM
tT Aiirtit all eammtmlraMeiw f JCvtnlnt
L4etr, lderfdtnoe Stuart, rhilaHphla.
' wHTna At rni rmt.itiit.rnu roiromca is icoh-
OUII M1IL MiTTM.
THE AVEIAOE NET PAID DAILT ClriCUkA-
TION OP TUB EVENING LEDGER
FOR JULT WAS M.SJ4.
PHILADELPHIA, THURSDAY, AUCUST 36, 1915.
'o man tctthout an Ideal has ever teen It
realized.
Why Should Wc Pity Mexico?
VILLA. Corrnnza and Zapata have rav
aged Mexico and divided the loot.
The spoils In all Mexico are not so rich
i as the wealth the city or rnuaaeipnia win
expend during the next four years. The op-
portunltles for graft are not so great, tho
possibilities of pillage not more attractive
' and the wantonness of the leaders who have
led their country Into the depths Is not more
sheer than that of tho eminent gentlemen
Who are now openly conspiring to kidnap
tho municipal Government, and through It
lend the splendor of legality to their nefari
ous ambitions.
It is humiliating to members of a great
party, renowned for Its humanltarianlsm, its
long service In behalf of the people, to see
It yoked to the selfish ambitions of mere
"leaders," men who have done nothing and
have sought to do nothing but acquire for
tunes through administration of tho public
funds, men who conceive of government as
a thing to be milked, a till from which to
draw gold. It Is even moro humiliating to
this great city to perceive these petty lord
Jtngs quarreling with one another as to the
proceeds, each fearful that the others will
play him false. Why, In the name of all
that Is decent. If "Jim" McNIchol dare not
trust the Vares. should the city trust them?
Why, If tho Vares know so 'much about
"Jim" McNIchol that they put respirators on
When he comes nround, should the people of
Philadelphia trust him? These "leaders"
know more about each other than the ordi
nary citizen knows about any of them, and
they are as wary of each other as a mouse
Is of a cat. Good reason!
They tell us that wo must have a Mayor
Of these men's choosing. They meet at the
seashore and inform us that the question Is
pot whether Philadelphia shall have a gang
Mayor, but whether It shall be a McNIchol
gang Mayor or a Vare gang Mayor. For the
Word has gone out that there Is to bo a re
turn of "the old days." Their Instruments
are tuned to play "Hail. Hall, the Gang's
. Xll Here." There is a promise of milk and
honey to the hangers-on. They are told
that there will be no hard times in Phila
delphia this winter, because for every man
who "votes right" there will be a share of
money from the public till.
Dut who aro these "leaders" to tell the
citizens of Philadelphia anything?, By what
. warrant do they Issue their edicts; by what
mockery of logic do they pose as patriots
and hope to delude a whole city Into the
belief that efficient government has been In
efficient, that It Is in the interest of tax-
jpayers to turn tho wolves into the fold, that
the time has come for a return to barbarism?
The "leaders'" attitude Is a challenge to
r, Philadelphia, the challenge of Lilliputians
to a Gulliver, There is no place here now,
o tolerance for municipal Kalserlsm; there
Is no time for conspirators to clothe them
selves in a cloak and conceal their Identity.
,Th people tasted blood when they won the
t transit fight They saw what they could do.
They know at last their power. There is
no cancer politic that the white light of pub
licity cannot dissolve. And In this cam
paign, it may as well bo known, let every .
inan who raises his head be sure that his1
hands are clean. There are great Instru
mentalities dedicated to the principle that
Philadelphia corrupt cannot grow and that
Philadelphia uncorrupt cannot help growing.
SJy glimpse the destiny of the city, and
heart and soul they are determined that no
Ifislj ambitions shall prevent Its consum
mation. There will be no sneaking Into the
.City Halt Who enters there must go in
tyr$M the front door with his shoea on.
ClUsaww for weeks have been watching the
nanuvernss of politicians quietly, but with
w(irst nevertheless. They we ahead not a
xJndiMfr, endless nath, but a c)ar-cut ave
uev Thsy km willing, even Htuciou. to elect
HepubUcsn, although national politic hg
no purt la a munlcl))! campaign; but he
jBust be a real republican, one whom the
"te4rs't must support, not a manikin with
u chain en his, la. If such a Republican
4hy .biinot t. if tbrf party Is so tie u by
jBiu.. ,u macalnators that In the gre1( erf
juiu i"i CHI only a playtlilmr fee
jeuna '. t.. tk flt, thtt the ia4ti4
t,t ' ' Um inHBunity will sMrrt lUalf. The
.n .h. tri subws Mwty of ami At
EVENING T,EflQBB-PHlLAPBLPHIA. THURSDAY, AUGUST 26, 1015.,
to be Mayor He knows where and how to
find them.
You have a chance, you gentlemen who
think that you have this city tied up In tv
bundle and ready for delivery? you have a
chance yet to get on the right train. Tour
own blunderlngs and distrust, your hate of
one another, may checkmate all your en
deavors and compel your support of a decent
man, an efficient man, a strong and hon
orable cltUcn. Therein lies your only hope,
for If you penetrate to Warsaw, If you fling
your mercenaries Into the citadel of munici
pal power, then will your final defeat be the
more certain, the moro Irredeemable. Prog
ress Is always forward. It steps backward,
If ever It does, only for a greater leap
onward.
Let no cltlten be discouraged. The doings
of the "lenders" have filled the news columns.
The sober Judgment of the great masses has
not yet had ajiearlng.
Unless It Is truo that defeat Is certain for
these mon who aro planning to put the city
In pawn: unless It Is true that neither the
Vares nor McNIchol can name the next
Mayor of Philadelphia: unless It Is certain
that civilization means efficiency and good
government: If, In fact, our own Villas and
Carransas and SCapatas can stalk crowned
through the great halls of government, why,
indeed, should wo pity Mexico?
But they cannot.
A Recommendation to Be Pigeonholed
IP WE grant that tho Government should
operate tho postofllces, there Is no logical
objection to Government operation of tho
telephone nnd telegraph lines. What ob
jection' there Is to Government ownership
of the telephone nnd telegraph Ih directed
not against tho principle of public control
of the transmission of messages, but against
the expediency of extending the activities
of the Government In a branch of service
where It has not succeeded in demonstrating
Its ability to do business on a business
basis.
The Postoince Hepartment has always
been conducted at a loss. Manipulating
bookkeepers, under orders from their political
chiefs, have figured out a profit two or threo
times, but there has never been any real
profit. The Commission on Industrial Rela
tions, which has recommended the purchase
by the Government of the telephone and
telegraph companies, urges the change on
the ground that the companies are over
capitalized; that their employes aro over
worked and underpaid, nnd for the addi
tional reason 'thnt they aro engaged In a
public service, nnywny.
These arc reasons that are not reasons,
and we come back to tho question of
expediency. Governmental service is notori
ously inefficient. The BrltUh telegraphs,
operated by the Postal Department, charge
less for messages than Is charged In Amer
ica; but thero is always a deficit to be made
up by a general tax, and when this tnx
Is apportioned the cost of the messages to
the people Is creator than in the United
States. When the privately owned telephone
companies were taken over by the British
Government two or three years ago there
was nn Immedlnte falling off in efficiency.
Tho high salaried experts were dismissed
and low salaried civil service appointees took
their place, and every one was dissatisfied.
It may be admitted that If the American
Government should take over the telegraph
and telephone companies tho employes
would get more pay for less work; but until
tho Goverpment succeeds In doing In a more
businesslike way the business In which it
is already engaged the country will bo
better served under the present arrange
ment. "Gallopscious"
MARK TWAIN once wrote that the casual
observer upon seeing a woman's lead
pencil would conclude, she had sharpened it
with her teeth, but he would find on In
vestigation that she had used a hairpin.
This Is a tribute to the ability of women
to accomplish their ends even under diffi
culties, as well as evidence of tho universal
adaptability of the wire utensil found on
every dressing tnblo and on every woman's
head. The number and variety of things
that can be done with this Implement are
doubtless greater than nro possible for any
other human Invention. There Is nothing
which she carniot do with a hairpin, from
buttoning her shoes to repairing an auto
mobile. The last achievement was accom
plished the other day by a young woman
whose electric car was stalled In the street.
A wire was needed and there was none
aBout save in her hair. Sho forthwith ex
tracted two or threo hairpins and they were
used with success nnd the car moved on.
Every mother knows thnt there is noth
ing so effective for cleaning the ears of her
children, though the doctors object to tho
use of such unscientific instruments, and
every boarding school girl has discovered,
as one of them felicitously remarked, that
"Plum Jam eaten on a hairpin at midnight
Is gallonsclous." We have no doubt that
If put to it a woman could build a house with
no other tool.
Possibly Villa could gather some recruits
In Georgia. ,
It is not well to be too optimistic. Con
gress meets In December.
There are two or three roads to fame, but
Infamy is not one of them.
If the Germans are not careful they will
drive the nusatans Into Constantinople,
The British will take care pf the cotton.
Let the planters take care of themselves.
f
A Mayor Is Important, but the capacity of
a people for self-government Is 'more Im
portant. i i -
The mortality would be less If they shot
men out of cannon Instead of shooting can
non at thepi.
When Josephus Daniels gets through with
the navy there will be nothing left of
Josephus Daniels.
.AKer all. It Is not sex so much as coat
petency that should determine an election
to the Board of Education.
ii H ii.ln.ni ip. ii
Anyhow, the American flag gives more
protection than mpat any other these days.
But Washington Is not to Vis me for that.
' ii
It has Uen pointed out tht tfc wewst
PMdlctto arf th Wtfcr Burau Kays
cos through. That U the way with r-rrtmtr.
THE PORTSMOUTH'S
"TATTERED ENSIGN"
Sloop-of-War Which Brought tho
Stars and Stripes to San Fran-
cisco Burned in Boston Harbor
By GEORGE 0. THOMPSON
PERHAPS It's because tho United States
Is a youngster among nations and has nut
yet grown up to a proper respect for tradi
tions and relics that every now and then
some foreigner seizes occasion to accuse us
or Irreverence, ns If It were a national trait.
Tho domestic observer sees a difference be
tween our East and our West In this matter.
It Is. Indeed, a subject of many ramifica
tions, social, political, and so on. It finds a
placo In discussions of constitutional change,
and the Liberty Boll has lately furnished a
text for civic sermons.
The proper function of traditions nnd relics
Is to servo ns ballast. Too largo an accumu
lation might result In tophcavlness. If speed
Is the American Idea, and some say It Is,
overloading Is to be especially nvoldcd.
California has Its fair share of hlstorlcnl
memories. When It comes to romnnco one
might think from the bibliography of the
Stato that It has something npproachlng a
monopoly on that more or less sentimental
commodity. The story of the conqulstadorcs
and the missions and the establishment of
tho twenty-four day "Bear Flag Republic"
and the conquest of 1S46 and the Forty-niners
Is romantic enough. No visitor to the great
fairs can fall to see that tho present glories
of California aro wonderfully colored by tho
past. It Is a colorful State, historically as
well as otherwise.
Now a "tattered ensign" associated with
the American conquest of California and the
ndmlsslon'of tho State Into tho Union has
been lowered and laid a way to speak figura
tively, for tho way of It Is not at all senti
mental. In other words, tho old sloop-of-war
Portsmouth was burned yesterday on tho
mud flats of Boston Harbor.
The Conquest of California
For sevcrnl months before the outbreak of
actual hostilities between tho United States
nnd Mexico tho sloop had been cruising along
tho Pacific coast. Its commander, Captain
Montgomery, had no means of knowing what
Washington Intended to do, for means of
communication across tho Continent were
not what they are todny, but ho scented
trouble nnd was on tho alert. Tho Ports
mouth sailed Into the harbor of San Fran
cisco some months before Commodore John
Drake Slont with his flagship, the Savannah,
and two other ships, the Cyane and the Le
vant, reached tho scene. Commodore Sloat
had gone to tho Pacific coast with Instruc
tions of a year's standing to take all Cali
fornia ports and hold them In the event of
war with Mexico.
Tho captain of the Portsmouth knew no
more than Commodore Sloat of what had de
veloped In the negotiations between the
United States and Mexico, but the presence
of his now-famous sloop In tho harbor, then
known as Yerba Buena, was enough to give
htm control of the port and to assure pro
tection to the Inhabitants of the little village
that has slnco grown Into the city of San
Francisco. At tho same time, while await
ing news that war had been declared, Cap
tain Montgomery was careful that his vessel
should not take any warlike step which
might embarrass his country.
In the meantime the "Pathfinder," General
Fremont, had not exercised all these scruples,
and on lund was doing some vigorous fluht
Ing. Although the Portsmouth had taken
San Francisco, Captain Montgomery refused
to interfere with the escape by boat of Cap
tain de la Torre's party which Fremont was
chasing. But as soon as the news was re
ceived that war had been declared the Ports
mouth figured more prominently In tho ex
citing events of the following months.
From tho moment California was seized
until It was ceded to the United States at
the close of the Mexican War and admitted
as a Stato l,n 1850, It bristled with excite
ment. When gold was discovered there Im
mediately after the war nearly a hundred
thousand adventurous men burst through
tho mountain passes or reached tho new
State by boat around Capo Horn. Into this
land was poured 'the motllest collection of
men Imaginable.
Then that wonderful transportation system
of the pro-railroad era came Into existence.
It was tho pony express which carried letters
from Independence, Mo., across tho plains
and mountains to California In ten days at a
cost of five dollars per halt ounce. That was
when our famous "Buffalo Bill," William F.
Cody, came into his fame by ono continuous
ride of 3S4 miles. The best record of the pony
express was the accomplishment of 1950 miles
In seven days and seventeen hours, by means
of relays. Then came tho Merchants' Ex
press, which employed D000 men, 2000
wagons and 20,000 oxen In carrying freight
across the Continent.
"Old Ironsides"
It was because of the part that the Ports
mouth played In the events of 1845-60 that
the nppeal to save It from destruction met
with so much popular approval. The vessel,
perhaps, was hardly entitled to the same
consideration as the famous frigate Consti
tution, now moored to a dock In Charlestown
Navy Yard und dally visited by scores of
people, but at least it suffered the same
Ignoble fate from which ''Old Ironsides" was
saved when Its fighting days were over by
the stirring poem of Oliver Wendell Homes:
Ay, tear her tattered ensign downl
Long has It waved on high.
And many an eye has danced to see
That banner In the sky;
Beneath it rang the battlo shout
And burst the cannon's roar
The meteor of the ocean air
' Shall sweep the clouds no more.
Where was the laureate of the Portsmouth?
KINGDOMS
Kings of a hundred preadnoughts, ruling tne
Seven Beat
Parked artillery, powder and steel shall ye
endure by theae
Keeping an armed lordahlp of earth whereto
your sentries itandT
What are Akkad and Assur nowT Shards, in
the drifting sandl
Kings of ft thousand forges, king of ten thou-
sand men
Liner and limited, shuUlewUe thrown, from
port Unto aeiport again,
Weaving a web of Infinite threads, giants of
hand and of brain- "' ol
Where are the galleys Phoenicia sailed: Ooze,
In a desolate malnl
Kings of the soul's out-searchlngs, kings of the
far Ideal
Toeta philosophers, prophts-the Christ-lift-
lng men nearer the Heal
Not unto t as the war lords go, not a the
lords of greet,
But rising Jfpm fe to llfe-KUmi a4
I
MM " Pl
WHY NEED
THE STRATEGY OF
An Explanation of the German
Which Began Near Namur a Year Ago and Ended on
the Marne, September 5, 1914
By GILBERT
The dlafrramii ore reproduced by courtesy of
llearxt'n International Library, puhliaher of "The
Elementa of the Great War," by llllalre Belloc,
from which material for the following article has
been drawn.
PRECISELY a year ago yesterday there
began In Franco the mllltar movement
known ns tho retreat from Mons. To tho
readers of newspapers the outstanding
feature of that retreat was, In fact, not a
retreat but an advance the almost miracu
lous advance of tho German army, drfvlng
before it the flower of the French army and
the British Expeditionary Force, until it
came to the very gates of Pnrls itself. Yet
Paris was saved, tho great drive Bpent It
self, and after a yenr the battlo In the west
Is still indecisive. How and why did theso
things happen? What was the strategy of
the Great War a year ago?
Tho simplest way to arrive at some an
swer to these questions Is to consider, with
out reference to the belligerents, two armies
Ono of them Is superior in numbers to tho
other. The two can bo represented so:
3
) jo laaacj
It is clear that other things being equal,
munitions, transport and quality of men,
the larger force will shatter the smaller,
bending It on both
A sides, tearing It
through tho centro
for an utter rout. Tho
problem of the small
er force, then, is to
effect an arrange
ment by which a
greater force can bo
met nnd held in
check. Such an ar
rangement is that of
the open strategic square, which is shown
herewith. (It must be understood from
the first that these diagrams merely repre
sent, but do not picture, what, actually hap
pened.) In this strategy we will say that
12 units are opposed to 16, precisely the
numbers shown In the first diagram. Tho
units In A may be called the operative
corner; the three other units nro the masses
of maneuver.
"Tho Operative Corner"
It Is tho duty of the operative corner to
go' forward to meet the enemy, if a de
fensive campaign is to be waged. The first
shock of battle must be absorbed in that
group of units, and their object must bo to
engage as many of the opposing units as
possible. Now, if the black units, In the
first diagram, may be considered as num
bering 1 to 16, It is clear that A, It it at
tacks opposite 4, 6 and 6, will also engage
2, 3 and 7, while 1 and all tho units from
8 to 16 will be mere onlookers unless a
flanking movement sets In. If these unltB
were of 100 men each, such a movement
would be possible. When they compose
40,000 men each, the movement is practically
impossible in less than three or four days.
(Unit 16 will have to move forward at least
five places before It can turn without step
ping on the heels of unit 16, which has been
forced to move four places, and so on. Over
a distance of 100 miles, with a quarter of
a million men Involved, such a movement
is impossible In short order.) As a result,
the three attacking units of A aro actually
fighting some six units of the black army,
and are holding some 16.
Numbers fell, and eventually the opera
tive corner A is forced to fall back. Then
follows the hardest, the most critical time,
of this plan tjie retreat In close contact
with the enemy, It means rear-guard fight
ing flight and day, leaving the wounded,
preserving the morale of the soldiers In the
face of successive and probably terrlflo as
saults from a conquering army.
But this retreat Is only a time-maker.
The three units B, C. and D, which have
been called the maneuvering masses, are
coming up. Obviously they can swing either
to th right or to the left, without a change
of face, so that they are not Imperiled
by their own numbers, as were the black
forces. The attacking (black) lorce. mean
time, cant loretell the direction which the
maneuvering ma wlU take. In either
case, at the rlfat or left, the three iuum
WE PITY MEXICO, MR.
J0
THE GREAT WAR
i
Advance and the French Retreat,
V. SELDES
(the operative corner), and attack one half
of tho black nrmy. Tho other half, for the
reasons shown above, Is Incapable of com
ing around In tlmo to outflank A, B, C and
D. And so, under favorable conditions, tho
communder of tho open square can throw
his army partly nround his enemy, attack
In overwhelming numbers (12 to 9, to keep
to our original proportions), and force tho
black lino back. The black commander,
compelled to keep up communications, must
retreat not only with the half which is under
attack, but with his 1G units, nnd, as Mr.
Hllalre Belloc, tho historian, hns said, "you
then have the singular spectacle of 12 men
compelling tho retreat of nnd pursuing 16."
Ono thing moro. Tho entire plan would
fall to the ground if tho operative corner A
.could not resist tho flrst great shock. If It
were cut to pieces, the bldck units could
penetrate the open square, Isolato each group
and destroy it.
If tho render thinks that nil this has noth
ing to do with war, let him look at the map
of Belgium and France. Let him realize-that
the black army is tho German force sweeping
into Belgium and France, that the operative
corner, A, is tho allied forco which met the
Germans nt the confluence of the Meuse and
Sambre Rivers, below Namur, nnd that tho
maneuvering masses are the bodies of French
soldiery, and tho arriving British expedition
ary force which came up, swung to the left,
precisely as indicated in the diagram, and
halted the German advance on the River
Marno.
Like Xenophon's Retreat
Tho German war theory was that no opera
tive corner could withstand the terrific blow
which its splendid armies were capable of de
livering. Tho French theory was that the
French operativo corner could withstand the
blow. The German plan of operation was
for a quick, declsivo blow at the operative
corner, penetration of the maneuvering
masses, and Paris! The French plan Involved
tho sacrifice of Paris, but the saving of
France. Once checked, the German plan was
doomed to revision. It resulted, In the end,
In trench warfare.
Tho terrible retreat through France was,
after all, a highly successful, almost in
credible, military maneuver. The French un
derestlmated the numerical force against
them; they overestimated the strength of
fortresses, Liege, Namur, Maubeuge. There
was a signal lack of co-oferatlon between tho
. V V "V
"--:-rS
ts!
trsy'
L
:
French and the army of General irr.n.
"
C TJ A B
I "l t t i i i i '- " i
K r -TT- -r-r-r,k ----j3Ciiai
J
."
leading to tho Indescribable mlserlea of tho
British retreat from Mons, a feat so brave
that It ranks, perhaps, with the retreat of the
Ten Thousand under Xenophon.
In the course of the German advance, the
who e marvelous strength of the Kaiser's
armies was shown; In the final holding of the
enemy the Frenchman restored himself to a
than all the Napoleonlo campaigns had won
for him. Efficiency and science, military tac
tics ahd strategy, generals and cabinets, all
came In for their glory. One thing alone was
forgot en-the individual soldier who. in the
operative corner, in the maneuvering mass
and in the attacking body "did his bit ' it
was eyen said that the individual was lost
In the present war. It may yet be shown that
ho Is not lost-thai he may even find himself.
STATE AND CITYBUDGETS
Considered In the Weekly Bulletin of the
Bureau of Municipal Research.
The eyes of the country are on th m
York qonatltutlonal ConyentJoS Sow pa,.in?W
forms. Whatever action I taken .W re"
nut bearing on thK. In pVJr lpJST 5
he country. In budefrin" tne L"!,"'
I taking a progresave m, by nrov!d?n! . 1
the state budget be Prepared by thin5 ,ht
and his department tieadi. and bv Sf
that th. lecture may reducS & mMf
increase the, amount, propped, and mv imiu?1
bM te. loatfimuutal i brigu &.
CITIZEN?
adoption of this plan. After making, In co
operation with the Commission on Economy and
Efficiency, a survev of tho organization and
functions of the State -overnment, the New
York Bureau perparcd a rltlcal examination of
the present form of government fn New York
State. Among other things, It submitted two
proposals (1) to reorganize the executive branch
of the government, and (2) to provide a sclen-.
tide budget system.
The following system and procedure was
recommended:
First. The regular ndmlnlstratlon appropria
tion bills, with estimates for annual expendi
ture, to be submitted by the governor to the
legislature during the flrst week of the session.
Second. The legislature thereupon to resolve
Itself Into a committee of the whole, not less
than ono day a weok, at which tlmo the gover- '
nor nnd-executlve heads may be present to ex
plain estimates and Items and to answer ques
tions. Third. Not later than sixty days after the
beginning of the session the governor to submit
a budget containing a financial plan for the
next fiscal year.
Fourth. Final action of the legislature to be
on the complete budget as presented by the gov
ernor. Many American cities have ndopted a budget
policy. New York City has made considerable
piogrcsn along this line. Philadelphia, too, Is
working toward a scientific budget. From Its
Inception, this Bureau has co-operated to this
end. It Is a difficult and complex problem and
Involves much study nnd experimentation. Ths
action of New York Constitutional Convention ,
j therefore of great Interest to all cltlzcna con- '
cerned about devising ways and menns to meet
the rapidly Increasing expenditures of govern
ment, and to make these expenditures conform
to revenue.
GREELEY AS AN ARTIST N WORDS
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir Your correspondents have not yet estab
lished their assertion that some one else, and
not Horace Greeley, eald that "The wny to re
Bfino Is to resume." The discovery by "John
Bogers" that Salmon P. Chaso Bald that "The
only way to resumption is to resume" is in
teresting, but It Is not to the point The theory
as applied to conditions in the United States
may have been first stated by Chaso In his let
ter to Gretley, but It was Greeley, an artist In
compact and forceful expression, who put the
idea In the form of words which has become
famous. S. G. B.
Lansdowne, August 25,
NATIONAL POJNT OF VIEW
Savings banks deposits nearly $20,000,000 higher
than a year ago suggest that there are people
who know better ways of ueing money than
gambling In war stocks. New York World,
The Invasion of Russia by the Teutons wns a
brave undertaking, but for downright Intre
pidity the Invasion of Kentucky by the Prohibi
tionists has never been excelled. Kansas City
Journal,
If organized labor could substitute the Roman
or civil law notion of prosecution on "Informa
tion" for the Saxon or common law Grand Jury,
It would lose more thamlt could possibly gain
by the change. Brooklyn Eagle.
Haiti has had 100 years in which to prove
Itself Incompetent, and has done It, If for no
other reason than to save It from wasting itself
away, a protectorate government would be
beneficial. Hartford Post.
Having nothing to speak of to show for Its
work and time, except the expenditure of about
1500,000 of tho public's money, the Commission on
Industrial Relations may close its career with
a sense of thankfulness on the part of the peo
ple that It has done no worse. Springfield
Union.
It Is the business of this Government to stand
up for the noncontrapand, or at least the strict
ly conditional contraband, 'character of cotton.
Some day even Great Britain may be glad we
declined to acqulesco In her putting cotton defi
nitely in the same category with arms and am
munition. Chicago' Herald.
Iluef Is said to have made a study of prison
life and has formulated plans for organizing
convicts and released prisoners Into mutual aid
societies. If he could prove such a power for
good as he was for political evil, it would be
well worth the experiment. Colorado Springs
Gazette.
AMUSEMENTS
B. F. KEITH'S THEATRE
mfHHTNITT iNn irmulwpll mnftmi
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New
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Grace FWher; Chtrln Olcottt
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and other Faatura' Acta.
Garrick Now&&W&
HOWE'S TnAVKE'I8TVf?'Al8OD0CilAN
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Next Weak California liipo.ltlon Beate No
THE
MAHKKT ST. ABOVH 16TH
A N. TO 11 IIS 1, H.
STANLEY George Fawcett
Law
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