' ft V E K IX ff LIST? GIT L ADfe
, , ,nmi rn i iiliiunii.i. ii i) .. .im mmirir .mi J inn n - J-r V . ,il.i...'i ' i ' i - n...i.u nil mi I "' V -" T r ' i "inf n lili ' " " ' ' ''" "" """ ""' ' "" " """ linear .
;uetmt0
ifeftger
f tifiLtC LEDGER COMPANY
OTJII'8 II K CPRTrB. PstsieewT.
efcjrtw IT LwlMfttm.Vk-trreDMwiti JWin C Mtrlln,
wSTRr,n8i. """fi rM"'f ken. John B.
mum
BDrrontAt tOAnm
Cries H K CcftTia, rhtlrmtn.
t J"1' Riwitlre Belter
tOilU C MAhTIN nfnrrBnlnfi UtiI!f
PaNUheJ dally at Pbo I.iwia HelMIs,
inpwl-nce 8)ar, rhfUdttptifa.
!t,LS2!?Jt Dr' A5 ntntmll Streets
P Ve 1TO-A. MetreMUUn "SiTrtr
nwsntr J EsrT Bundle,
J Lorn iM aloha llematml ffiilMIn,
CHWOO IJM Trt- Bnfldls,
I"Oaeo 8 Waterloo ne, rut lull, 8. W.
, NEWS BtmBAUSs
JfE." np The lnM nuHdlnr
tosj( ncEAo a phi Maii mt.B w,
Pin Bcxsav 32 Hue Irfuls ! Orand
sunscnrpTtov TEiuta
Br riftlef, Daiit Otit, lx cents Uy milt, penlpald
eeieM ef Phllidelrhlo, wcept hre foreign poU
H wqulMd, Dint Oicti, n monih, twmr-nrs cental
PML7, 0!,Lt' m ''.. three dollars All mall ub
f.-flptlons paritit tn advance.
KKte 8iibctlber wUhlnir eddrem ehatifid must
! old ii well a new address.
-T
Into military arhlvement while other na
tions linvt ben utilising their factories for
the peaceful purposes of mankind. It in ft
frightful handicap, but not one which It la
Impossible to overcome: and overcome It
must be, no matter at what cost In blood
and treasure.
Penco must bo dictated not from, but In,
Berlin.
B'
BStt, 1M9 WAtNOT
KETSTONE. MAM IMS
CT" Ai&rtM oil Mihmimffntffliie to Kxtntng
tftiutt, Indtpindrnm Sjiiari, rhttaAtltihla.
a.yitscD at tn rmuerLrmi rostorrtoa jib bscond
suaa unt. Mints.
THE AVKHAO0 NET PAID DAILY CltlCULA-
TION dP THE BVKNtNO LEDOKH
FOH Jl'NB WAS 8J,8iT.
PHIMDnLPIlIA, FII1DAY, AUGUST O, 1915.
Hi . - .. .
Humanity makes mistakes traotc mistakes
makes apologies in one age for the! taronts
It did tn a former auc and hullds mon
uments to martyr out of the
stones ichcrewtth ii stoned
them.
A Nntlonal Duty: Create a Merchant Marino
APIUME duty( of Congress In its work
for prcimrcdnes.i Is to put a merchant
marine on both ocentin. Its llrst move toward
that end should bo to repeal tho seamon'fl
Jaw, and with tho decks thus cleared, to turn
the wholo matter over to n special commla
olon of experts.
Thcro isn't an Iota of doubt about tho
need for a bid merchant marine In peace;
tho last year baa driven homo tho furthor
lesson of Ha essential value to a nation at
war. Tho only question is now ono of
method. How can tho question bo best han
dled by Congress; how can tho end settled
upon bo best obtained?
Creating a merchant marine is a technical
question. It must bo settled by men who
l'now nil tho many economic and commcr-
t clal factors contributing to it. Therefore
f Congress must tnke tho whole thlmr out of
politics. A policy must bo framed along non
pollttcal and therefcro non-contentlous linos.
There can bo no battle of local self-interests,
such as wages over tho tariff. National
needs cry imperatively for satisfaction. It
is up to congress to put them in tho proper
hands.
The New Germanic Union
COINCIDENT with the triumph of Teu
tonic arms fn Russia is tho report of
diplomatic tentntlves toward a new Ger
manic union. Mengro as tho nccounts are,
they are unquestionably moro significant
than oven tho fall of Warsaw.
German dlplomnts nro at work perfecting
a new customs-union to embrace tho two
central empires. So far only a union In
suring Identical tariff regulations in Ger
many and Austria-Hungary is suggested.
Already tho Huiignrlans of Ihn ,ini ,
archy are In protest.
If nntlonal Integrity is precious to Hun
gary, tho protest comes none too soon. Slnco
1815 Prussian consolidation has followed close
on tho formation of precisely such unions. At
that tlmo Prussia wlnnri nut aiv, .,.. ..
fpront tariff schedules. In 1833 the Zollvcreln
Was formed and established a single sched
ule in tho thirty-six boundaries of what Is
now tho German Empire. By 1842 Austria
and two Interior provinces alone were out
side tho union. So It was that when Bis
marck began to shape his empire tho ele
ments wero n!ready grappled to each other
with hoops of commercial steel.
That Is tho now Ideal-to embrace Austria
and Hungary, to win to tho Adriatic But
It will need a second Bismarck for Its
achievement;
nutter Your Own Dread
iB A MAN, not a goat.
Do your own thinking. Find out what
sort of city you livo In. Search your mind
and see if that Is tho kind of city you
want. Is It giving you a Just return for
your money? Is It making llfo better for
your wife? Is It doing Its best for your
child, In sanitation, in mltk Inspection, in
schools, In playgroupds, In parks? Is It
watching after your Interests every mlnuto
of tho day? Is It looking forward further
than your eyes aro capable, building for
your future and tho future of your family?
If It Isn't, think out who's to blamo. YoUr
nolf, first of nil, for letting your brain llo
idle. Then your representatives for taking
ndvantago of your docility. Set your thought
to work chastening your representatives.
Think harder every day over this big prob
lem of making Philadelphia a better city
to live in.
Don't let tho political boss think for you.
Ho won't think your way. His bread Is but
tered by your passivity, and ho knows It.
He will novcr do anything to wako you up.
Whllo you sleep ho robs the till.
Don't expect tho business man to act for
you. Ho may put your thought Into action;
ho has dono so many times. But don't fall
back In dependence on stealing somo of a
busy man's tlmo r d energy. It is you who
havo tho bigger stako In clvio righteous
ness. The business mnn needs nn honest
city government; but you. need that and
something more an Instrument of construc
tive welfare. Tho business mnn has his In
come, his capital, to keep him and to do
his bidding; you have only your fellows.
Linked to them by tho vote you can forgo
that sword of protection, that tool of help
fulness, the porfect city.
And If you don't think, If you don't vote,
If you only cast your ballot for tho old
conception of an open city till, what about
domocracy? Can It exist? Democratic gov
ernment Is a failure, a bigger falluro than
any autocracy that over ruled over slaves,
unless yqu think Its wny to triumph.
GERARD, A MAN
WITH A MISSION
Our Ambassador to Germany Seoms
to Have Proved Himself tho
Right Man In the, Right Place nt
the Right Tlmo.
By ELLIS RANDALL
WHEN tho story of American diplomacy
during the years of tho Great War Is
finally written, no chapter In all its splendid
pages will be read with greater pride and
gratification by tho cltUcns of this country
than that which will
pay a 'well-earned
tribute of pralso and
honor to the official
representatives of oUr
Government nt the
capitals of Europe,
Nor, in tho troublous
twelvemonth which
has Just passed, havo
tho American pcoplo
withheld their recog
nition and acknowl
edgment of tho ca
pacity and character
displayed by their
Ambassadors, Minis
ters and Consuls in
manifold and dim
2s
WmWm
JAMES W ClKItAItD,
tho performance of
Munitions the First Requisite for Defense
TIH3 Gcrmnns' havo tho guns and tho
shells to put Into them.
Tim Allies' millions of men, no matter how
well they aro trained, cannot win unless they
havo In their hands tho Instruments of war.
Preparation for tho national dofenso is
not merely a matter of training n reservo
army or of building a great navy. It is pre
eminently a question of providing munitions.
Wo should not only havo an enormous storo
of guns and shells to fit them, but factories
capable of turning out in prodigious quantity
whatever supplies mlglit bo needed In case
of conflict.
That is tho lesson Europe teaches the
United States, and it mut not bo Ignored.
Si-
End of the Tragedy of Errors
WHEN Mr. Wilson was Ipauguratedjthero
was an organised government In Mexico.
SCtflnt ,T ,ntereata n Nicaragua and
other Central American Itepubllcs had in-
diplomacy had put an end to much of tho
persecution of Americans.
The Wilson Administration at onco substi
tuted for a atronsr forelc-n nniin,. m. .,
water program. It began to argue about 1
?m"'" """ lo oeff instead of demand,
to advise instead of order, and within a
few months there was chaos south of the
HIq Grande Our Utopian method. of help
ing Mexico assisted In making a shambles
of tho country. "A fool friend," said a
philosopher, "is more dangerous than any
nemyl"
The President, It seems, realties the futil
ity of his former nroirrnm tvi.u i.- ,.. -m
pother American nations, peace In Mexico la
. D -iBi.uuiaiiea. uooai Dut what a pity
that tlje clenched flat Instead of the supplt.
eating palm was not used long ago!
Industrial Preparedness
PITTSBURGH'S now Public Health Serv
ice Station Is out to Investigate every
possible factory condition that makes for
Ill-health. This government study of occu-
j.auomu aiscnscs will ultimately bo into
matters of lighting, ventilation, length of
hours, dust, water supply and sanitation;
but Its primary field will be tho very Inter
esting and essential ono of fatlguo. It will
study tho routine of work In tho factorioa
about Pittsburgh, and try to estimate just
how tho character of different operations
the rapidity and duration, anil tho alterna
tion with other sorts of work, nffect tho
worker's nervous stamina. From Its ob
servntlons the manufacturers should gain a
very valuable knowledge of what methods of
organization make for tho least strain in
their workers and biggest iraln in timi,. ..
uct. Healthy workmen mean a better out-
i'ui miu u ueuer proilt.
Healthy workmen mean something more
something on a national scale. Uncle Sam
may not realize It, but ho Is taking a big
step townrd preparedness by such efforts to
protect and better iho labor of the country
Keeping up the standard of tho nation's
health, assuring an efficient working body
was ono of Germany's supremo bits of pre
paredness. Her vigorous, hord-marchlng
army is ono of tho results of tho wisdom
she showed In the conduct of Industry
cult tasks. The Amhnsnnclnrn tn thn nrlnrt
pnl warring nations havo had work to do of
big men's size, and they havo dono it to their
own credit and to tho credit of their country.
They havo not, indeed, determined any of
tho great Issues of world affairs, yet they
navo oorno heavy responsibilities with a
tnctfulness and good Judgment which havo
meant much to alt nations. If wo remember
that It was only tho tactful personal conduct
of tho British Ambassador at Washington
which saved the United States from war
with England something llko fifty years ago,
then, perhaps, wo shall bo moro appreciative
of tho servlco rendered bv rfflnlnnt. woll-
.. .v .. ....
qunlhlcd diplomatic agents In times of po
litical strain
Thcro Is no doubt that our dlnlomatlc force
abroad has been raised as a body to a new
placo In tho estimation and regard of tho
American public. Events havo not accom
plished this chanco of attitude, but men.
Events havo brought new distinctions to
Walter nines Page, stationed at London;
Hcrrlek and Sharp, at Paris; Gerard, at Ber
lin; van Dyke, at Tho Haguo; Brand Whlt
lock, who still serves, though Belgium is not.
But to say that events have made theso men
Is to give undue credit to circumstances.
To deny tbnt circumstances are everything,
howovcr, Is not to nssert that American
diplomatic posts in Eurono havo lacked nrn.
vlous Incumbents who may havo been much
greater than their present successors and
who may havo rendered moro Important
service.
Driven Out of Franco
i
At Bcilln Is Jnmcs Watson Gerard. Whut
over tho correspondence between Washing
ton and Berlin may bring forth ho is des
tined to flguro promlnontly in public llfo in
future. Ambassador Gerard Is still a young
mnn, as young men aro reckoned nowadays.
Born nt Geneseo, Now York, in 1807, of n
family long distinguished in tho social and
civlo affairs of Now York city, ho has won
his many-successes with an enso fascinating
to contemplate. But before reciting tho
story of his rapid ndvanco, lot us noto that
bne of his patcrnnl ancestors was rlrlvnn
from Franco by tho persecutions of Louis
XIV and settled with his family In Scot
land. A later Gerard camo to this country
In 1780. Tho Ambassador's father and grand
father both achieved a high reputation at
tho New York bar. Tho fnthor nni n ,nii
known philanthropist of his generation, and
established tho first refugo homo for women
In America Ho also was tho first to advo
cate a uniformed police for New York city.
He married Eliza Sumner, a member of the
famous Sumner family of Massachusetts.
James Watson Gorard was graduated from
Columbia University in 1890. A year later
ho received thn degree of A. M. In 1892 ho
was graduated from tho Columbia Law
School, soon afterward entering tho law
ofilco of tho prominent firm of Bowers &
Sands. He becamo a partner in 1899. Dur
ing his career as a practicing lawyer ho was
eminently successful and conducted some of
tho most celebrated corporation case of rb
cent decades Before graduating from col
lego tho red blood and active Bplrlt of hl
raco took him Into the National Guard, and
with tho rank of captain ho served aa an
aide on tho stall of General McCoskry Btllt
during tho Spanish-American War. Boforo
tho mustering out ho had been promoted to
bo quartermaster of tho 1st New York Bri
gade with tho rank of major.
Ills interest In politics was early rnanl
festcd, nnd for several years ho waa on the
FJnanco Committee or Tammany nan,
tho primary campaign In New York last fall,
when Gorard won tho Democratic nomlna
tlon for United States Senator over Franklin
ft t!.s,aM.Atf A wna tffinnll nil ftm OrCfin-
A. 1.WBUH.II) ,,CI .M ....v.... .... -.
iratlon candidate, but though his namo haa
frequently been associated politically with
that of Tammany, nobody has over qtics
tloned his personal honesty or Independence.
Indeed, on ono momentous occasion In tho
history of Now York politics, ho repudiated
the Tammany Indorsement of his cnndldncy
for office, and by his stand contributed ma
terially toward tho breaking down of ma
chfno methods of nomination nnd control of
candidates. ,
This occurrence Is dated 1807. In that
year tho people elected him Juntlco of tho
Supremo Court of Now York for a term of
fourteen yearn, expiring December 31, 1021.
Gerard on tho bench wan exactly tho Gerard
of tho bar, tho forum and tho field fine,
frank, generouB, fearless. Ho entered upon
the duties of his position with a thorough
equipment rosuttlng from broad oxperlenco
as a practicing attorney nnd with a scholar
ly understanding of the Inw attained through
long nnd diligent study. .Ho discharged his
responsibilities In a way that reflected credit
on tho pcoplo who by their cholco had ele
vated him to membership In tho Stnto's
highest tribunal. No criticism ovor at
tached Itself to hln record as inwyer or
Jurist, and nono has been reported from
Berlin.
An Enthusiastic American
A successful lawyer and a scholarly, fear
less Jurist, ho next becamo Ambassador to
ono or tho four greatest courts of tho world.
No qualification better Justified tho appoint
ment than tho earnest Americanism which
hns always animated this "democratic aris
tocrat," as his friends like to descrlbo him.
Moreover, ho Is gifted with tho crowning
grnco of making friends without surrender
ing prlnclplo or dignity. This capacity for
friendship should prove an lnvaluabla asset
to nny diplomat, for in this hotter ago tho
diplomacy of directness and Intelligence and
courtesy transcends nil intrigue nnd schem
ing. Tho personality of tho man, his gra-
clousncss, tactfulness, high character and
common senso aro such as to mako friends
not only for Gorard. but for tho country ho
represents.
His friends call him n "democratic aristo
crat." His family Is blue-blood, ho haa
wealth, ho Is known as a "society man."
Ho Is a member of many exclusive clubs.
But ho's a hard worker and no shirker of
tho obligations which ho fools are his ns an
American citizen, without regard to wealth
or social position. Ills wife, who added her
splendid fortune to his own amplo Inherit
ance nnd joined to his equlpmont for social
and political success tho physical and mon
tnl gifts, graces and accomplishments which
havo doubled all his triumphs, was Mary
Daly, daughter of the famous copper king,
Marcus Daly.
HAITI:" THE PARADISE OF GRAFTERS
, ,
Nothing Omitted by Officialdom in i the way ot Political Cdi
nittMon Bxnort and Import Laws as Much of a 4
ru-pacm-xx ----
UlU OUIIOUWWW"
Farce as
jr-n.mr tn . ., K,..M1. U..AH.M fmm 1 Ol
D tuga, Ulaltl has been ruled by military
banditti over since the time when tho slnvo
ancestors of tho present population bought
their freedom from Franco by driving out
the English invaders. Tho history of Haiti
la an almost unbroken story of upheaval nnd
bloodshed, The native Inhabitants wero
nmoHrnllv exterminated by tho cruelties
practiced upon them by their masters during
tho Spanish occupation which preceded tho
a !. i . 1 rn fe. tinrlnii Hi A
n CHARLES F. KINGSLEY
In tno mainicnancu m Dupicmo authority!
r.nm ihn Presidency down In IVi i
office in the land offices aro bought and paifl
for In tho coin of favors, gifts, trlbuUJ
tnrcais, miuwrr iu, biuii. u unoes. Lei
gaily tho taxes aro limited to Import and t4
,nrt duties, hut tho Haitian must mn, .L4
many exactions of tho various officials byl
wnom no is raicu unu umuiseu, JnuetcM
. nfflnoa In tfnltl carry a. recmrntvni.t,. ..y
.. v.. ....... ... - .. "u,u aaii
ary, and It Is commonly understood that th?jg
lHnoml.AMfa nrn tn fltlrl help ntvn vav... -?'
mi,... ""-" ...- - - .. -.... 'vuiunergs
tho Spanish occupation which preceded tno "'
cession of tho country to Franco under tho m"
Treaty of Bjawlck. Negroes wore ?
It is in tho evasion of Import and expo
. , , ... ....1. ,1... H.L.. nn.l niflfltfl
irom jiincn iu wum uti' muiun
tlons. After tho emancipation proclamation
Toiissalnt l'Ouverture led tho blacks against
the English, Tho French, In gratltudo for
his Services, made him military governor,
but ho promulgated a constitution which
Napoleon treated as rebellion and then be
gan tho wars for Independence. When tho
Ftcnch, busy with other troublos In Europe,
finally gavo up their hold on tho richest of
all their possessions in tho latter part of
.... t. t- .. . . ...... rt fnn1nnH'a nun.
JOUJ, JlOCIlllIIlUCUU, UliU v iiujjuivuii B l,v..-
erals, lowered tho flag of France. It was nt
tho time of tho Independence wars that a
largo part of tho French population of Halt!
migrated to Louisiana and neighboring parts
of tho American South.
Slnco then Haiti has been tho sceno of ono
revolution nftcr another. Each succeeding
Government has been a military despotism,
and tho peoplo, ovon with tho constitutional
forms established In 1889, havo enjoyed no
rights whatever. Indeed tho governmental
form? have fastened tho shackles of tho
new slavery on tho pensant population os
firmly as over the burdon of tho old slavery
was bound upon their shoulders. They havo
systematized tho extortionate practices of
tho official bandits who como Into power In
tho geographical divisions and subdivisions
of tho country with every chango of central
authority that Is, every tlmo a general
overthrows tho existing government and es
tablishes his own.
BELIES HIS NAME
Despite his Scotch name, when General von
Mackenaen innkes a drive he doesn't even call
"fore." Bonton Transcript.'
EXEMPT
From the Hartford Courant.
A son without toes on either foot and having
only three fingers on each hand has been born
to. Mrs. Pctrosky. of Passaic, N. J. Mrs. Po
trosky will not raise her boy to be a soldier
I
THE TELEGRAPH BOY
Death bids his hernlds go their way
On red-rlmmcd blcyclc today.
Arrayed In blue with strcnk of red,
A boy bears tidings of tho dead;
Ho pedals merrily along,
WhlRtllng the chorus of a song
Passing tho tlmo of day with friends,
Until tho Journey almost ends. i
Then, slowly down, he scans each gate
tor the doom'd name upon tho plato
That found, ho loudly knocks and rings.
Hands In tho yellow mleslvo; sings
His song Tho maid says at the door.
Jso answer!" and he's oft onco more.
No answer' through the empty years!
No answer but a mother's tears!
Edward Bhllllto, In th London Nation.
, No Time to Talk pf Peace
fTtO TALK of peace for Knelanri j
w J. Franco and Belgium and Italy now is to
flttllt thnuft nnMnnu !. . ... .
E ,," . ..-..- , contemptible
7wUiiBgnesa to bo enslaved, to abandon tho
satrapies and to hand the world over to a
military caste whose entim ,,...,..- ..
F teriy antagonistic to the Ideals toward
L " """ " airuggung for
rtt.a. all,.... V- -.. . . . ..
gi ... , u wnipp!, put thoy must
p tun mat mey are whipped before they
e up. There must be left in thm
uwer of reelstanse. no hon nt n,..
Uo, before they can vea eontlder aequlM
. ... .,., Vl iwgium or reeognic
ndanoy J8 Burooe of th. !
hey hve to chooBe between the extrameet
wrtfloee end degradatin utKwdiiwtbui w
Vttk.ll tMUOtuU ejtftftencti matt as ,,,,.
- B-nmn hegemony Better to be wiped off
Mfce mh entirely than to Micutumh j-
KtUch coadtUonii.
For on what la Ginnm u,w.u .... .- ....
p-flfte based? Not on superior bravery, on
yjftter morale, on auy of thoa virtues tn
fiueti tfr tat peoples rejoloe The QwButua
Jiut helWr fitfhura tuty are better tint.
rwf Theirs ig a meihumcal superiority,
I owirhHj of u. graiti uumber of the ln-
Mh ui j it i nation that ha.
at4 ia ttwiiuuiis lodulrlai apaty j
Thomas Mott Osborne: Victim of Success?
THOMAS MOTT OSBORNE Is In for tribu
lations. At this distance It Is a llttlo hard
to determine whether ho or the politicians
aro to bjame. Nobody doubts his good mo
tives. Nobody denies the need of prison re
form, and for a good deal moro of it than
most so-called humanltnrlan wardens are
ready to hand out. Nobody can be blind to
the possibilities of Mr. Osborne's having
raised political pnd personal enemies by his
work at Sing Sing. And yet the tendency of
earnest reformers to lean over backward Is
just as evident.
Mr. Osborne may have made a mess of his
reforms; ho may be only a victim of their
suoeeM. The public cannot say until his ac
ouiers present a real bill of Indictment. At
present mares' nests are. more in evldenae.
A for this vegetable giut-oan It!
Does "A. B, C" stand for "a has Caranwi"?
Haiti seems to be the Red instead of the
Black Itejpublie. "
T" ' i ji
Oharus of Jaok Bull and Willi tto,-
Urn -fa started ltl ' ' "
Cotton U no looser klntr. but it i nu.i.. ..
unmake aae or two In Burose before the big
gune get through firing.
' n lyiTii i IJlji L
"JtelleB" I altogether too JrmiUo, eud.
dm and violent tem for the settle and long
prepared ewteetog of mnee.w.
' V- n
How stouHiBt if one might shimber till
that dtetftnt day when prophecies of the Bal
kane' entrance into the war oowe true.
PWUttelphb politicians will please recite
Organisation is vexation.
DJvIkIoa la as bad,
Hermoey, it trouble m,
Aaft liwtiona drivo n mai
LIVELY COMMENTS ON TIMELY TOPICS
Settling the Ancestry of nn Expatriate That Forbidden Road Again
uuici mm oucn.
"12th Paron Fairfax of Cameron" In ,hh
SJ' he'r rX"", tha t''vh.XhlMory'ms'crlbe";
SatTlo'cUltns"8 Wrthy f U,e. """atlon' o?
General Jacob Jennings P,rown had three
Bone, two of whom were drowned, one In the
pi,.ih . EALI!5AnGTH WAQEn-SMITH.
Phlladeliihla, Auguit 3. 191fi.
"THE FORBIDDEN ROAD"
BJSntSisttfe'SB's:
rights belonging to the public t hey";.? .lT
perfectly safe for automobile, m i ay " la
drive, and that occupMtTo? drir-6'0? tl"!'
should not be deprived or pwelrte? ftomT
Joying this beautiful scenery ww rom,fn'
statement to make aZ nn.li,.r" n sel",h
clOBe to the IIm S?a"KllSt?"AIl,hn0e0,! proU.v
tempt to derelve. .Of course it i. i'hJ ?lor a"
automobile, but how about th! nLnf'0 f.or ,nq
walking along the drive? "ih.l? P Wh? Br8
tomoblles wa it to vietv .. 1 t.he dr,vw" ot
do like the reit of uiiwalk oJ Tn Ut tn8"
Open this driv" to auraowie. -ni a car'a8
thousands of mn, wornen In!,M,?0U dePrlva
right that below tothem SLLUwB pf th
few people Ww own momnhn """Pawtlvely
to their elubJ. eUotTd have Len "! "". Ulo
push thiag. too fa?: thev a-1 l11 to
privileges itwtouia niver hIL ? "WtoS
Keep the deelSunTnchio'ei" m9 W
drtvere aposu- to act on theSSvJ ot lb-r
drive bagpTskf.. PUfliVVJKJ8.ll,ta
SPRING AT THEFAIRS
tox and Sotd with '&jtJZ2Mm
Bware of light balbrtM ""we-M".
To the Editor ot tha Kvuntnn r..An-
Sliv-in the very Interesting nrtlclo on Amer
ican expatriates, by George Wi DouglaB, In a
recent Issue, I waB particularly attracted by
the account of Albert Klrby Fairfax, now
Daron Fairfax.
As lila mother. Mary Klrby, and her sisters
and brothers were acquaintances and friends of
my youth nnd later years, I am able to give
some additional facts of the Karon's ancestors,
which may be of Interest to your readers.
About 17M, Jacob Jennlngn Drown, son of a
Quaker farmer, of.Hucks County, Pa,, having
... ,u ul "" uKen' i" ew vork city,
which was nn unbroken forest. In what after
ward became Jefferson County, N. Y near tho
east end of Lake Ontario, made a settlement
there nnd married Pamela Williams, of Utlca.
The hlstpry of his achievements Is another
story, but by a succession of events, he became
on the death of McComb, the commander in
Chief of the Army of the United States. Ills
eldest 'laughler, ElUa, married Major Edmund
(not Edward) Klrby. who was nfterward
colonel, nnd made a notable record In the Mexi
can War. Ills monument. In Drownvllle Cem
etery, recounts his prowess In live wars. Ills
fec?nd. son' Edmund, went from West Point,
in 1861, was fatally wounded at the battle of
Chancellorsvllle, and was burled In tho same
cemetery with the rank of brigadier general,
though only 21 years of age. Colonel Klrby's
youngest son, Reginald Marvin, was on EpIbcq
pal clergyman, who was offered the bishopric
of Utah, and declined It He died some years
RCro. The rnlnnfil'n nlfl,m 1.iol..n- n ,-
Williams, married her cousin, William Bverett,
a naval engineer, who invented the paying out
apparatus of the nret Atlantic cable, and super.
Intended the entire trip successfully, but the
close application to this task so undermined his
health, that it was never fully restored. An
other daughter, Leila, niarrled the Rev. Henry
r S: t JZ , V. . ' """ oeo"e cnapialn
of St. Luke's Hospital, New York city. His
daughter, Virginia, married a cousin, once re
moved, a Ver Planck, of VerPlank'e Point, fa
reous In the Revolutionary War In the Andre
tapturc. All thee cousins were of the Brown
toTd Fal'fax K,rby " Ut'4 abOV' n,""'rt
Poleael Klrby wM a deeositdant of Bphralm
S3by; ' Cwweetiwt, a fatnlly noted la
athta1ir,0rfco A?8bw " vf aeneral
Jaeeb Browy, Pawela. msirried Captain Brock
eobrough. of the navy; ooe. Gatbarlne, married
Captain LsrldR Sojlth. UaJted States Army a
ywtalan; one. Madelrise. married CwUin
of all these children have, tn military naval
and civil l, shown the taleot and the paulot
n whl.l. dUttnguiehed thUr anvestws in
PeijnsHvaata. ConnettKut ai,,i New York To
rtiate In duu the ai;hlevemeiit of thle notable
family would BU a book. I wUh to ciu
!'.?lt.nttoo " Kvwitfca Ljummk mrfws
to u. , ttat tno AwriSijgt2l8rtKe
Tho Now Slavery
Tho species of military feudalism which has
ground tho majority of tho two millions of
Haitians down to poverty and wrecked tho
ngrlculturo and Industry of tho country has
been described In a previous arttcto in theso
columns, showing that tho Improvldcnco of
the peoplo Is duo in largo part to tho fact
that tho peasant can fool no interest In try
ing to accumulate or Improvo property when
ho knows that everything beyond a bare
subsistence will bo takon from him by his
military overlords and their overlords. So
tho forms of constitutional government mean
nothing to the Ignorant, oppressed Haitians
except a slavery which Is moro costly In
human llfo than tho revolutions which fol
low one another in such rapid succession.
There Is no such thing as self-governmont
In tho Black Itopubllc. and no reannn tn
think that tho neonlo nro as woll flttml tnr
its exercise as tho Filipinos wcro when they
becamo the wards of tho American nation.
If conditions in Haiti furnish nearly tho
worst example of "taxation without repre
sentation" on record In the world's history,
so whon It comes to "tho crooked alliance of
politics and business" you will find It exem
plltled beyond comparison in tho Institution
or gran so deeply imbedded In tho Haitian
conception of otnceholdlng and government.
Clnclnnatos Leconte, President for a brief
period a few years ago, took ofilco with a
promlso of reform, but It was declared on
all sides by Haitians and foreign residents
of tho country, that his Government could
not possibly continue long on its initial plane.
Thoy wore, Indeed, the detractors of Leconte,
nssertlng that his chief subordinates, the
generals comprising the cabal composed of
tho heads of tho Ave arondlssements, could
not bo held faithful without connivance at
oxtra-ofrtclnl emoluments; that no foreign en
terprise could hopo to make an entry without
clearing the way boforehand by liberal gratl
flcatlons, and that, even if a successful at
tempt wero made to administrate tho coun
try on a nongraft basis, tho numerous dls
gusted officeholders would soon combine with
ofllceseekerB to oust so amateurish nmi im
practical a regime. Tho Institution of graft
proved, of course, too strong for Leconte, for
Haiti is never contented If not corrupt. It is
not of least significance that this condition
of affairs has been vory attractive to foreign
exploiters, who divide with Haitian officials
the "margin" on nearly every article im
ported from abroad, from electric light bulbs
to grandstands nnd junk men-of-war.
Political corruption In Haiti, then, covers
tho wholo field of possibilities, Offices, even
thoso which aro constitutionally elective, aro
seldom, If ever, won by tho electlvo method,
Tho Presidency is tho reward of military
power, but there ore usually other elements
.liillrq that tho crassest ovil.q nrnvnll. n.-.
olgn protest has produced llttlo effect, and e,
Inni, nn ihn pMKinm linuflPB nrn toft tn TrAti.l
,u..n ... - ""Hani
officials thcro Is llttlo llkollhood that thej
evils win no noousnea. xna chief offender'
until her remarkable career camo to an eni
was Mme. Nora Aiexis, mo versatile, man
sided wlfo of a recent President. MndamS
la Presidents used to violate tho customs
laws nt her own sweet win. ena would bring
In a cargo of shirtings from Now York and"
undersell tho Haitian stores 20 per cent,, rc
I.U1UMB IV iiuuuouiiiu iui. ,ui iiu, auu, tier'
coffeo ventures were oven moro profitable?
Tho export duty on iiisii-graao coffeo is,
extremely heavy, whllo there Is no duty on!
cottonsceu. mme. ia Jt'rcsiucnte-s wny war
to buy up all the coffeo In sight in certain,
districts, through ngonts, pass it boldly!
throuirh the complaisant customs nn mit.. 1
seed nnd ship It to Havre. Tho swlndlo Wail
discoverou by foreign coffeo morcnants, who'
protested to Nord Alexis, but tho chief magjj
lstrato's only reply was to restore a number!
of vexatious nnti-ioreign Jaws which hatf
been allowed to Inpsc. The Institution ot
graft has Its headquarters In tho executive
mansion nt i'ort-ou-princo,
Yet Haiti, If glvon a stnblo government
and an honestly managed government, wnnu:
quickly becomo ono of the most productive!
nnd prosperous countries on tho faco of the
globe. JVnturo has blessed It with wonderful
fertility of soil, variety of products and!
equability of climate. But Haiti Is proof
sumclcnt that Nnturo needs help in thV
making of n country deserving "to bo treated
by other nations ns a sovereign State. ,i
What assistance tho United -States shall!
give to Haiti Is again a mattor for consider-,
atlon. So far as upholding Monroeism itj
concerned, the question rests chleflv unm,!
Iho decision of tho American President
mo sonnte has seldom stood by tho Prcsl.
dent in dealings with the troublesome re
publics of tho West Indies. When Cimnt-
negotiated a treaty with Santo Domingo for';
placing tho Dominican Government under
American protection, tho Senate refused to
ratify. In 1905, on tho ground thnt mw.
wlso creditor nnMnna wntri .ni,n nnH , i
of Santo Domingo, President Roosevelt, byl
an agreement not ratified by tho Senate, putj
jimencnn omciais into tho custom houses
of that republic Similar overturns wnr
made to Haiti by Taft and by Wilson, but
in eacn instanco the Senate drow bnck.
Tho "Outs" nnd the "Ins"
In Haiti tho United States hns ni, t,
ovon tho limited control It oxerclsos in Santo
uomingo. The efforts of tho Inst two years
hnve been directed toward obtaining from
ono of the six successive Governments which
nuve noia ouico in that porlod cithor a treaty
Hiving mo unuca states control over the
customs and the liquidation of Hnltl's debts
or. an Invitation to tho United StateB to step
In nnd take charge. Thoso efforts, however,
havo so far merely served to glvo tho am
bitious "outs" an issue on which to start
a revolution antl-AmericanISm nnd the
United States has failed in each caso to
take such steps ns would keep in control tho
Government with whlph it was trying to
negotiate.
Commissions have been sent to Haiti, The,
Fort Commission thought at 2 o'clock one
"la"" "mi tney imd succeeded nnd that
In order to save itself from bankruptcy and
downfall the Government would yield. Two
hours later thoy discovered that the French;
German nnd Italian Gavemmni. ,n .
nlzed the revolutionary Government nnd that fi
on the basis of thin mnnMi -n. . .. a
German merchants-who by just such prac M
.- ..u won nDsoiuto domination of tho.M
commercial situation in Haltl-had mado W
. w tno uovemment. Tho commission-:
ers were informed that they might ns well
- v.w u uio unuea states.. American aid
Is unwelcome to the "inH .,,. ii.i
opposed by the "outs." hra,,s. ,...
ould put an end to tho present system and
ts graft for those who manipulate it. This
ism-'iVli m f he an-Amerlcan.
NATIONAL POINT OF VIP.w
JX? aerial burden of Mexican Intervention
W,lId0Ub83 .?e borne wh0"y y tho Unltd
w?rf' Wh "1? moral "ponslblllty will be
toeale?. y republic-Cleveland Plain
moYf.8re,at oMl' wltn areat Britain regarding
matters of moment, but they re debataSie. not
barbarous. There Is no greater difference be
!! J"' Mil Mm or Hyperion and a
T. R. says that there are some nations Ilka
some men, that only a wallop In the eye will
22m" a?ncral,y hy " c stand at Ato"
geddon for a, while before coming to their
sensee.-Boston Transcript.
ia1!01 Ae,ver,y ton of coal m Spltzbergen there nro
10 In Alaska of at least equal quality, closer tS
a hungry market. The Arctlo zone won make
a real dent m the fuel market till our Wiwrth!
west territory gets In actlon-Chlcaeo SqSl
Some kind of plan to train the youna- men of
this country without giving them th. mlUtarta.
tic disease can be devised, Preparedness la
Preparation, and thor i. i "t:"11"8.
The' phyeically wpable" cTvlllaT .SSSwiS gven
course la the school of the dIerthivao
Intervention hv .v- t,i.. ,.... ... .
to the Mexicans better vribSu. 'ScPa wi u!
eal and eeonomlc. than they nan ho for frl
their own native leaders, but we owe l t IT
Jasan would be favered of heavan Iba
he oouid adoeH a form of BveSsSi TJS "
as scandal brings disaster to the ' ti?s
ot UNewjkw Post. lnUXty
"STONSS OP VENICE"
Srvlf0' 8lory' v?ioVii,,r?:
lesrr nr, P. F"". that should I
WUh ruin Vn m ,Z "I' m ,no aranA CanaI
constltu- e' Th .n0Ver be rlven. It would
WUh the burnlnUre.Te , ?fam'' Would rank
the eack o nn'- J.IY ? AlexandrU.
endure throuoh n-.L . r,c' xnB 'nfamy would
ynonyrmt0frorVmIodsb,ero2lthy '" a" reproach, a
. John Ruskln'a "Sn,, -. ,r
become a work nt 11 i ,rcmce may yet i
Journal ' arclleoIBy Minneapolis j
DIAGRAMS T?nr mnm
A new .. , " "T. "V. iV1 uaa
companies ia a - " . mentB of steamboat B
wast and disaster Jii.TX ".. rUJ " B,nca lD i
Impressive than .now U la Probably mor
With hanov oxoi.pl?ture oC decI8 cfowdeol
Ilcan. PW Cxcur,il0'''ts.-Sprlngfleld Repub-J
A VOlGR PPOur mimr, ,
Who eM ;-""". "a aUUXll 1
els Adam, .Vid hn 7? n?WnBT Charles Fran-
she cDuMS.faJ5.Q Confederacy failed because!
land says QtmlinyJintSi1, amJ.1w Enl
of our cron? wh 3. fa" ." denied her ehar 1
tral and let hi. n. .i ",aKe ,he South peu-
-Florida Times-Union "" ' every war?
-AMUSEMENTS
B LATH'S THEATRE
HmU Ttx . X4VJSLPr STREETS
' MAjrajg-Aatiaift
Stanley Pauline Frederick
vt! -'. J.aS, (JCKBRT 4 FAS'
TROCADERO
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