EVENING LEDGER PHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY, JULY 2T, lOiff.
FRENCH FOUND THEMSELVES AT BATTLE
OF MARNE; BRITISH COURAGE SAVED PARIS;
GERMAN EFFICIENCY AMAZES THE WORLD
Spectre of 1870 Lifted
From France When
Joffre Hurled Invad
. er Back.
By WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS
Theae articles are the second of the
comprehensive review of the fint year
of the war. They will be continued
tvery day during the wcik.
PARIS, July ZT.-The Great Doubt has
ben lifted from the heart of Franco.
The accomplishment of this was the
Standout deed of French arms In alt tho
cnr of Armageddon which began a year
ago tills week. In history the feat will
be kndwn ns tho Victory of tho Halllo of
the Marne,
Not only did this victory prgbnbly do
cldo tho fato of Franco geographically,
but Its lnfluenco upon tho spirit of tho
country was, and still Is, Incalculable
For notwithstanding tho "solidarity" ac
complished Instantly and spontaneously
On August 1, tho day tho general mobili
sation order was posted, a ureat doubt
weighed ltko lead on tho hearts of thoSo
who marched away singing as welt as
thoso who stayed behind and wept.
Everybody remembered 1870.
The old remembored tho swift defeat
In tho Franco-Prussian War and the hor
rible nightmare of blunders. The young
had heard the story time and again. Tho
French in 1870 were totally unpropared
for war, wcro badly equipped and badly
led. Their plans lacked cohesion. Gen
erals fought Independently ono of the
cither. Treason was laid at tho door of
one, and altogether It was a tcrrtblo
mess. In which tho poor soldiers never
had tho slightest chance notwithstanding
a courago which wrung from oven tlw
Prussians tho exclamation: "Oh, what
bravo fellows!"
iJbAVT HEAIIT3.
Bo last August when the soldiers started
for tho war1 each ono boro In his heart
a burden heavier than the knapsack on
his back! Would history repeat Itself7
Would 1014 bo another 18707 Was Franco
bettor prepared this tlmo? Would sho
be better led7 Were her genernls equal
to tho great task ahead? If not, then
V
Tho troopers dared not let their minds
run beyond this point, Individually the
most Intelligent soldiers1 In the world, they
have the other curse and blessing of
civilization, an imagination; so they sani?
and quit thinking; they joked with ono
another, nevor admitting even to them
selveslot alone to their companions
that tho doubt was there.
Back homo the hearts of mothers,
fathers, wives, sisters and sweethearts
Were troubled by the same unexpressed
dread lest 1314 prove another 1870. And
If such bhould prove to be the case
Tlfey, too, smiled and talked cheerfully
of a new and irresistible Franco.
All knew, thoso who remained waiting
as well as those who went to war, that
for 44 years Germany had been living,
eating, sleoplng, drinking, dreaming war,
nnd that this war had come. What about
Franco? Who was General Joffro? Who
woro the other generals? Newspapers
had but recently declared that Franco
was unprepared; was this true? And all
.. Went on being troubled In secret lest
France should again prove unready.
After vague news reached Pnrls that
General Joffro was In retreat from Chnr-
Icrol, the 1870 bugaboo loomed bigger and
bigger. Maubeuge was invested; I.lllo
was occupied. Then there came silent,
tense days, without any real news. Tho
Government moved to Bordeaux; the Ger
mans were now in Maubeuge, Complegne,
Solssons, Ithelms, Chalons, Epcrnay,
Lunevlllo. Verdun and Nancy were seri
ously menaced. Paris, It seemed, was
doomed and Uhlans were reported to be
at the gates. The worst fears of soldiers
nnd homcfolks seemed realized. It looked
Uko another 1870, only worse.
NO PANIC.
Still there was no panic. Thero was tho
xodus of thousands of persons who ob
jected, to living in Paris during a German
occupation, but tho city was calm.
Franco's "sacred union" held firm.
But tho doubt instilled into the mind of
Franco by 1870 was there, galling and
real. The people could not know that
General Joffre was later to be called a
genius. They could only wonder If his
retreat was strategy or Incompetency. The
censorship was strict and they had few
facta to base opinion on. They did not
know the battla of tho MarnS was being
fought nor that Joffre had performed, by
winning a victory there, a sort of eighth
wonder of the world. Yet this was true.
Henceforth, whatever may happen to
tho French soldier, he will refuse to be
discouraged. He can advance, retreat or
doggedly hold what he has won, any or
all. with tenacity and good cheer. Ha
has faith in his officers and faith In him-
seir. Ho Knows the war may be long,
but ho grins and grits his teeth: "We'll
get 'em. at Inst!" he says.
The ghost of 1870 has been laid.-
BOY SCOUTS ARE BUSY
WITH EXAMINATIONS
Small British Army War Lord's Success In-
Stands Fast and
Holds Off Kaiser
From Calais.
First-Class .Tests will be Con
ducted at Their Headquarters
tonight.
The summer season, vacation time for
most persons. Is a period of study for
the Boy Scouts. Examinations are com
ing; thick and fast.
First class tuts will be conducted at
headquarters, Sth and Chestnut streets,
tonight st 8 o'clock by Field Commis
sioner Merrill and Scoutmasters Mac
Gauhey and Thomas. Teats for the swim
ming merit badge will be held under
Commissioner Merrill and Examiner A.
O Steer, at tha Central Y. M. C. A. next
Friday evening1- Four scouts passed the
outdoor tests for the first-class badge at
Cobb's Creek Park Satunlay.
The scouts and subjects are Edward
Daly, of Troop 141, cooking, signaling and
judging. Earle Brvten. Troop 141, cooking
and nature study; G. McLaughlin, Troop
W. cooking, and William Malone, Troop
111, cooking, signaling, hiking, map read
ing and drawing, handicraft and Judging.
William James, 139-41 North Juniper
street, will be the new scoutmaster of
Troop 141. Twenty members of Troop 113
(Scoutmaster Rolston) will go to Treasure
Island, the summer camp, Baturday. Four
members or Troop m imouih ny
lon will begin a bike to the camp from
Tacony t midnight Friday. They will be
In charge of Assistant Scoutmaster
Keeley Several members of Troop 81
(Scoutmaster Westwood will return for
"more camp."
Razor Blades Re-Sharpened
iHir
M. tr !cef nucMSJcu mttrnm.
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Ttett -Flag Aws4j
D.C.HUMPHRYSC0.
y I - X
S -fcc.
'ttsTuST f tt-xtxi r " " '
By ED L. KEEN
LONDON, July SJ. After n year at war
tho British Empire tins somewhat less
man 75W troops In tho field; its anies
have approximately 10,000,000.
The British front In tho western theatM
Is about 40 miles In length) tho lines Of
tho other Allies enst and west, Including
Sorvl.i nnd Montenegro, cover somo 1C0O
miles. As tho ratio of troops employe I
Is 1 to 14 and tho ratio of nilleaac Is 1
to 40, there appears to be somo Justifica
tion for the complaints recently mado
qulto unotllclnlly, of course-both in
Franco and Huasln, that England Is not
doing her share of tho work.
llut tho question ns to whether 13iK
land la fulfilling her nbllsatlons should
bo considered In tho light of her prom
ises. On this basis sho 1ms delivered moro
than was specified in the contract. Thero
wcro two clauses In the secret agree
ment made with Franco long beforo tho
war started:
England would talco caro of the seas.
Sho would send an expeditionary forco
to Franco of 120,000 men.
STILL SENDING MEN.
That's all thero was to It. Sho has car
ried out tho first clauso to tho letter; sho
has sent nearly six times as many men
to tho llrlng line ns sho bargained for,
and Bho Is still sending them as fast us
they can bo trained.
Only tho other day tho Temps, of Paris,
In an obviously Inspired editorial com
menting on recent tributes paid to Franco
by the British press, mado these signifi
cant remarks; "Frankness should bo
mutual. If on the land tho support of
our British allies Is still only limited,
wo must not forget that on tho seas It
Is they who havo had much tho heaviest
task. If at tho beginning of tho war
wo wcro able to complete tho equipment
of our army with a rapidity which was
not one of tho German staff's least sur
prises, we owo It to tho llect which ren
dered us masters of tho seas." Tho
Temps then udmlts that to this capital
support on tho sea tho British Empire
hns brought Its Industrial and financial
resources, "whllo Its military eflort on
land has really surpassed nil rorecasts."
Thero probably .always will be somo
difference of opinion ns to whether It
was British valor or Gorman blundering
that saved Paris In tho early days of
tho war. Perhaps It was tho two. Any
how, ParlB was saved, and Britishers at
least, always will give the lion's sharo
,of the credit to Field Marshal French,
his generals and his soldiers. But even If
the salvation of Paris was not duo to
tho British, thero Is no question that
they, and thoy alone, saved Calais and
tho other Channel ports. Of courso, In
accomplishing this England has dono her
self a greater servlco than sho has tho
French.
AFTER CALAIS.
Since tho failure of tho Paris nttack,
Germany's main effort has been concen
trated In the direction of Calais, and
that Is tho reason why, until ho has re
ceived sufficient relnforcomonts, General
French will bo unable to extend his front.
The fate of the British Empire rests
upon the holding of thoso 40 miles.
All Idea of tho "big spring drive upon
which the military writers had fed the
Imagination of the British public for
months was abandoned at Neuvo Clia
polle, when, at the cost of 13,000 men, tho
British barely made a dent In tho Ger
manj line of highly fortified trenches.
In what was accomplished the Neuve
Chapello offensive was In a sense a vic
tory; In what It failed to do, It was a
defeat for Llllo was the objective, and
the Gormans nro .still firmly planted In
LUIe.
Then, nfter tho second battle of Ypres,
In which the Germans first used asphyx
iating gases, came tho battle of La Bos
sen. This showed tho British public why
tho "big drive" had become impossible.
Tho British and French troops were to
make a Joint advance after a preliminary
bombardment for throo hours of the
German trenches and the field of wlra
entanglement Intervening. In that time
tho French fired nearly 200,000 hlgh-ex-ploslve
projectiles; In ono hour tho Brit
ish had exhausted their supply of 20,000
high explosives, and tho rest of the time
used shrapnel llesult: tho French In
fantry advanced two miles Into trenches
that had been practically cleared, with a
loss of only 2000; the British lost- 13,000
men In attempting to take trenches that
hadn't been cleared,
STAB.TED SCANDAL.
A newspaperman witnessed this battle.
He told the public, through tho medium
of the London Times, the. reason why
the British had failed, starting tho scan
dal that disrupted tho British Liberal
Cabinet, caused tho formation of a coali
tion ministry, sheared Lord Kitchener's
wings and created the new Department
of Munitions, with Lloyd-Georgo at Its
head.
Somebody had blundered. Lord North
cllffe's newspapers fastened responsibility
on Kitchener. Whllo giving him duo
credit for his magnificent work In rais
ing, organizing and training the largest
volunteer army the world has ever seen,
they charged him with neglecting the
one thing upon which any posslblo hope
of British success on land could bo based
an adequate supply of hlgh-cxploslve
shells.
The one inexplicable Incident Is Premier
Asqulth's statement, "upon the highest
Possible authority," that neither Great
Britain nor her Allies had been hampered
by lack of muntlons-i statement di
rectly contradicted by his recent frantic
appeals to the workmen of England to
mobilize for the supply of munitions.
PER WEEKS
ays for Any of These,
Guaranteed for 3 Years'
BICYCLES
AT CASH PRICES
?S, ?,ect rom- I'rlcM I IB up.
Write for CalJort pnluTa"E
EXCELSIOR lIOTOnQVOt-B
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spires Teutons to De
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Strength.
By CARL W. ACKEUMAN
BERLIN, July 27.-Tho, Kaiser will go
down In history ns William tho Great,
if tho events of the first year of the war
appeal as vividly, to tho Imaginations of
future Germans ns they do to tho genera
tion that is living through tho present
world conflict.
Frederick the Groat held Enropo nt
bay, and saved I'russla through seven
years of strife. Ills descendant, whd
now holds tho Ilohcnzollern throne, has
inoro than equaled Frederick's task, be
cnuuo Fiederlck had Kngland with him,
and thero was then no United Stntcs to
furnish Germany's enemies with muni
tions. Nobody expects tho present con
lllet to run seven years, but If tho Allies
can stand a war of that duration, so can
Germany, with tho Kalsor at the head
of affairs, When tho war started tho
Emperor William hod fatten Into dis
favor with many .of his people for a num
ber of reasons, Somo believed ho was
too autocratic, others thought he was
too well disposed toward tho English,
nnd still others thought ho Was afraid
of tho military machine Germany had
developed ahd was too prejudlrd In
favor of peaeo tit any price ever to per
mit the machine to test Itself. The early
days of the war, when enemy after enemy
tdnk the field imalnst Gerfrmny, people
talked despairingly of the Emperor as an
Incompetent, who had played his cards
badly nnd had overestimated Germany's
strength.
CfPlNION CKANtJED.
But when victories began tb be won
nnd when the enemy, first here and then
there, was rolled bock, the popular opin
ion of the Kaiser began la change. Peo
ple Confessed they had misjudged him.
The bitter ptltlclsm of Germany's ene
mies directed Against the Knlser and the
comments ef neutral nations added to
his popularity nt home, until now the
Kaiser IS the Idol of his nation. Ho Is
regarded as the embodiment of German
virtues, the representative of Gorman
might and power. The nation agrees ho
has not nbused the Absolutely autocratic
power which he has wielded since last
August, but has Used Ills' authority to
meet every crisis confronting Germany
In a manner that wine Unanimous ap
proval. If tho wnr ends undor condi
tions substantially ns they nro now, Ger
many will have saved herself and will
have demonstrated her powers so con
vincingly that the Kaiser, who Is now
responsible for nil things In the Empire,
must bo given tho title 6f "Tim Great,"
The Kaiser In particular has Inspired
Germans With confidence In tho outcome
of tho war. Ills calm assertions of vie
tlry have been followed by deeds so often
that he Is hot only tho ruler, but nlsJ
tho prophet of his people. When the war
began, few Germans, deep down In their
hearts, believed the Teutonic Emplro had
even n fair chanco of succeeding. Thut
Is why thero woe so much hysteria last
August and why the departing subjects
of tho enemy powers were so frequently
Insulted. That In why also the Germans
lost their, bonds In Belgium and adopted
a system of terrorism. That Is why, toa,
the hymn of hate directed against Eng
land was so popular.
Now, however, after a year of strife,
Germany has recovered tho confidence
and believes In tho Kaiser, Tho fear of
last summer has departed, nnd tho Ger
mans are no longer saying, "God punish
England." Instead of the former hatred
of England there u now developing a
ettMourf kind of eontempt, mingled with
self, nmaitement, that the Germans should
eo badly havo misjudged the English.
NotMnff moro remarkable has happened
In Germany during tho last year than
the change of popular opinion concern
ing Englnnd. The might of tho British
Empire, was magnified quite out of pro
portion to its actual powor, the' Germans
now nre saying.
This war was worth the fighting, d
fl&v tliA nrtnniiA. If nnlv hftmilsri It hns
pricked tho bubble of Br'tlsh strSnglh.
England will never again oeeupy her old
place In the world. Tho ancient spirit of
tho English, which the world has long
been accustomed to taking at Its own
valuation, has been found to be no longer
exlsttnt England hns lost the war for
the Allies, In the opinion of Gorman mil
itarists, and by dolns so has Irreparably
stained her own prestige,
PltOVED TI1EOIUES.
vv'hero Germany tins succeeded Eng
land has failed. Tho English (In the
opinion of Girmans) have proved them
selves to bo boasters, muddlers nnd Un
inspired In nhy of their works, They
have been revealed to the world as a
people undermined by discontent. Unpa
triotic, so prejudiced tnat they cannot
oven now accept the undoubted fact that
their demigod, Lord Kitchener, failed
them In their hour of need, Tho upper
clnsecs havo shown brnverj- but no
qualities of Intellectual and masterful
leadership, and their lower classes nro
taking advanlago of tho perplexities of
tho war to strlko for higher wages!
Tho Germans nro asking what this
I: -.t year of warfaro has shown tho Eng
lish to possess which tho world would
bo tho better for tho keeping. What can
tho world better be rid of, nsk tho Ger
mans, at this anniversary time, tho qual
ities tho English. havo shown since last
August or tho qualities the Germans have
shown? Here Is a aermnny, beginning
tho second year of her wnr against the
world, full of confidence, with1 Increased
faith In the destny of tho Fatherland.
P. R.T. REPORT SHOWS
DECREASE IN EARNINGS
Reduction in Profits, Company
Says Due to Jitneys anu
Business Depression.
The annual report of the Philadelphia
nanld Transit Comnany for the fiscal
year ending June 80, 1915, shows that for
tho first time slnco the organisation of
tho company, in 1062, Its yearly gross
earnings havo fallen behind the tltal for
the preceding- year. Tho report Just
mailed to the stockholders showa a de
crenso in Rross earnings. for the year of
M12.M7.18, the total revenue for tho year
being $23,843,605, as compared with $21,
2G5.S12 In the preceding fiscal year.
This Unfavorable condition, according
to tho management. Is due largely to tho
competition of tho jitneys nnd tho general
business depression. Tho report makes
thn following comment on the sunject of uouiovnra syBteni nave been mikI...,
rapid transit development! and will bo offered to bidders for eitl.
"Tho city of Philadelphia Is proceeding mates within a few days,
with Its" plans for rapid transit tei
ment. As slated In the Annual repfttt 0j
phla Itnpld Transit Company to operAt'
the high-speed lines when built, but th
icrmq ui upcinLiwu imvc nor yet hrt,
Ono of the favorable features of th
report Is tho statement that, although th
taxes of the Company Increased $70 sie, tn
iumi uijuiuiiug i-Aft'cimeB wcrp decreased
by $421,812, by making all possible opcrat.
Ing economies. v Bl
,Tho renewal reserve amounted to tl .
2WW a nt Juno SO, as ngalnst 1,0I2mi
at tho beginning of the year. The 'in
crease was occasioned by the appronrin
tlon fi-Cm Income for renewnls exceed
the expenditures during the current yen?
Tho capital Asset Account, "leases fran
chlscs, construction,- equipment, advances
to leased lines, sinking funds, etc
iiiuuuiiiru iu .n.i,uii,uu, representing n
decrenso of W8S.3S0 during the year
Du Pont Rond Specifications Heady
WILMINGTON, Del.. July 27.-8pecleR.
tlons for the hew road which General T
Coleman du Pont will build from Pslbvl
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SOME people have said that
our advertising is good. If that
be the case, it is simply because Coca
Cola' s own deliciousness has.been the
Inspiration.
Advertising did not ' 'mahe' ' Coca
Cola goodness and deliciousness are
its foundation stones and advertising
is but the message that carries the
noxot of this deliciousness io every
nooh and corner of this great country.
Advertising has let people Know
why Coca-Cola should be popular
but it has been Coca-Cola itself that
ha3 proved to all -why it is popular.
This is no denial of the part adver
tising has played in our success but
it is placing creditto advertising vhere
it belongs and credit to quality -where
it belongs. "While -we are proud that
our advertising lias pleased, there is
another feature of it that arouses a
more serious and earnest pride.
We are proud of our advertising
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advertising. "What ve say of Coca
Cola in our advertisements is based
'
absolutely on -what Coca-Cola is.
And frankly if the advertising has
played the part ve think it has in
malting Coca-Cola known, it is because
of thi3' very truthfulness of our
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What haB been said has been veri
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Such advertising and such a product
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successful advertising.
Our Froo Booklet "T$b Romance of
Coca-Cola" la interesting and nttractivo
send for it.
Demand the Benulno by full name- -nicknames
encourago substitution.
The Coca-Cola Co.
, ATLANTA. GA.
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Whenever
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think of Coca-Cola.
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