&
i&tentttgj
Bfeiiger
PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
crnt'S ir. k. crivns. rminfT.
cttarlca It. Ludlngton. Vice President i John C Martin,
Rfretary and Treasurer; Pbllfp S. Collins, John B.
Williams, Director.
" EDITORIAL BOAnD!
cries II. IC. Ccbtii, Chairman.
P It wltALET Executive alitor
JfiHN C MARTIN
.General Business Manager
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ril!MI)El.rlIIA, THURSDAY, JUNE 34, 191S.
Vainglory Is a gorgeous flower, but it
never produces any fruit.
A Triumph for the Advertising Men'
PHILADELPHIA can get what It wants,,
if It really wnnta It. The advertising men
Bet out to got tho convention of tho Asso
ciated Advertising Clubs for next year. They
have boon waging their campaign for
months. Thov nut Into it the whola-hcarted
IB enthusiasm which thov nut Into tho adver
tising- campaigns that they conduct for their
customcrsi
Thero Is nothing which wo ennnot com
mand if wo go after it with wholo-hcarted
enthusiasm and unfaltering determination.
"Wo can have tho Delawaro lined with piers
for tho uso of which tho shipping of tho
world will compete. We can have railroad
terminals along tho water front crowded
with Incoming and outgoing freight until the
port of Philadelphia, 90 miles from the sea,
rivals tho port of Hamburg, which Is only a
fow miles nearer sn.lt water. Wo can have
mora great factories converting tho raw ma
terial produced in America Into finished
products for uso tho world over. But why
pnrtlcularlzo furtlicr? Tho futuro Is securo
provided wo continue to work as wo havo
been working In recent months.
They Do Not Seek Another Agamemnon
RUDOLPH BLANKENBURO, notable lover
of men and children, sweetener of
tho sour places In public life with genial
sympathy and humor; stalwart, loyal, self
sacrificing citizen; fearless and upright pub
lio servant; ardent patriot; an honor to tho
land of you adoption, outstanding In these
trying- days as a high example, not to your
compatriots alone, but to all foreign and
. native-born Americans that is tho tributo
of Dartmouth College to tho Mayor of Phll-
rAdclphla, delivered at tho very moment when
PlYgmles wcro plotting ana scheming and
corusplrlng together at Atlantic City to put
InteS his prodigious public shoes tho Chlneso
feet 'of a manikin. :
What Are We Going to Do About It?
IF ABEL BOTTOMS were a student in mu
nicipal government at tho University and
were asked to describe how political grafters
hold up contractors until they get their share
of tho profits, his story of tho Hunting Park
avenue flrchouse case would make an admlr
ablo thesis on tho goner.-1 subject.
Whether his story Is more than a descrip
tion of the kind of thing that happens has
yet to bo proved. But thero is probably not
a- city contractor who has not been ap
proached with tho information that If he
would give one, three, five or ten thousand
dollars to tho right person, tho necessary ap
propriations would, bo mude, or the Inspec
tors would be lenient. And thero are somo
who havo been told that If they would not
"divide," Inspectors would bo put on tho Job
who would condemn everything.
But this sort of thing Is done In such a
way that It Is practically Impossible to prove
It Bo what are wo going to do about It?
This la the question which the voters will be
called upon to answer In November, If they
want grafting to stop they can stop It, but
If they do not care, contractors who have
had actual experiences like those which Mr.
Bottoms describes, will havo them again.
On With the Municipal Dance
A HUNDRED couples danced on tho city
streets Tuesday evening In the first mu
nicipal ball of Philadelphia. It was an Im
promptu affair. Tho police roped off a bit of
street at 57th street and Baltimore avenue,
end the Municipal Band supplied the music
Only the heavens frowned on a very Im
portant step toward a healthier, happier
city.
It Is a big ball Indeed that the Chief of
the Bureau of City Property thus set roll
ing Theie are going to be more such affairs
out there, perhaps somo arrangement can be
made for dancing on the CJty Hall plaza,
where another band plays regularly. But the
Idea needs still a bigger field. When the cool
weather cornea again and outdoor bands
cease playing, the municipal dance should
onttnue under cover.
Chicago and Cleveland havo proved the
worth of the venture. With a small admis
sion or with eoft drinks on sale, the expenses
can ba practically cleared. But even if a
municipal dunce hall means a real addition
to the city budget, the profit In human wel
fare would wore than offset it. Young men
kept out of saloons and poolrooms, young
women taken from shady cares and off que
tionable corners; all of them set to a, health
ful, natural and beautiful exercise; that Is
something worthy of any great city.
The Examination Farce
IT is not coBdoiUotr the criminal morality
uf Annapolis midshipmen to suggest that
the school and college examination la a fail
uric No matter what disastrous moral train
B:ii Is ieu " put upon a student, the
Ltnid State a 1-six.fU a lummeneurate
t-UfajUh of iliti ., ici ami sense of honor In
sue men wfc iti i ot trie national defend'
trs at thuae ii' Hi -
IhB fait rank , u ' ihat th. vxiiWi-
: la iios ntpidty proved a failure. It
, .u i il fillur v. here it Us enforced by
EVENING LEDGER-
professorial police. It is rtn Intellectual fall
uro even where, as In Princeton, the "honor
system" keeps It morally decent. Tho only
question Is how to replace It.
liecogrtlzlng thnt dally work counts more
than an annual lost which may be "crammed"
through, high schools and colleges are gen
erally ndopting a system by which a certain
grade of scholarship through tho year remits
tho examination. Gary, Indiana, where chil
dren really enjoy school as a place In which
they make, discover and think. Interesting
things, has chucked tho antiquated test over
board. The problem of tho teacher is to teach. If
he does that well, he can tell who Is too lazy
to profit by It. Tho examination Is tho clum
siest of tests for tho finest of human qual
ities receptivity.
Give Un Back Our Ships
AGAINST the Government going Into tho
" Bhlpplng business tho voto of the Cham
ber of Commcrco of tho United States was
overwhelming. It was even moro over
whelmingly In favor of subventions from tho
Government to assist In tho establishment
of freight and mall linos to countries In
which wo havo Important commercial Inter
ests. Tho voto was 645 to 116 in favor of tho
proposal for tho creation of a Federal Ship
ping Board to lnvcstlgato and report to Con
gress regarding tho navigation laws and to
havo full jurisdiction In all matters pertain
ing to oversea transportation.
Tho Chamber of Commorco of tho United
States embraces within Itself all shades of
political opinion. It has repeatedly evinced
a broad and comprehensive knowledge of all
subjects on which Its opinion has been asked.
Novcr havo Its conclusions been character
ized by narrowness. Its verdict represents
with romarkablo accuracy tho sentiment of
tho nation, a sentiment which Is rnpldly
growing Into ft demand which tho Adminis
tration cannot neglect or ovorlook.
Tho country wishes, first, a scientific nnd
exhaustive study of tho navigation laws with
tho Idea of their modernization; and, sec
ondly, a deflnlto program for tho rchablllta
tlori of tho marine. It Is not afraid of sub
ventions. Subsidies do not frighten It. Tax
payers do not object to spending a llttlo
money when a doublo return Is probable.
Nor can they seo any reason why labor, as
under tho present law, should bo given a
subsidy In tho form of higher wages, while
tho capital Invested In ships Is deprived of
any and all protection.
It behooves Philadelphia, greatest of ship
building centres, to be first and foremost In
the fight to put tho flag back on tho high
seas. It Is not too early now to make ready
a glgantla memorial to Congress, demanding
that that body without delay proceed to tho
solution of tho probem boforo It and deliver
tho nation onco nnd for all tlmo from tho
economic slavery Into which It has been
plunged by tho surrender of control over Us
own carrying trade.
Nebraska's Contribution in Time of Peril
IN MANY ways, no doubt, Mr. Bryan has
served his country, but never did ho serve
It better than when ho retired from tho high
ofllco Into which ho had been catapulted by
tho vicissitudes of fortuno and thus permitted
the appointment of Robert Lansing as his
successor. Thero can onco moro bo national
confidence In tho conduct of our foreign
affairs.
Breeding True to Type in Indiana
BIOLOGISTS tell us that the racial type
persists. Thero may bo variations and
exceptions, but tho Caucasian remains a
Caucasian, tho Mongolian a Mongolian, and
the dog returns to his vomit.
Tho wholcsalo Indictment of Republican and
Democratic leaders in Indiana for election
frauds is what the political biologist would
expect. Indiana elections havo been notorious
slnco Colonel Dudley, treasurer rt tho Re
publican Notional Committee, wroto to the
chairman of tho State Committee In the Har
rison campaign of 1S88, to see that tho voters
amenable to "reason" wero marched to the
polls In "blocks of five." It Is not neoessary
to go Into more ancient history. It Is enough
to know that no State and no party can be
debauched over night. The Terre Haute
scandals, which havo resulted In tho convic
tion of a lot of loaders and their Imprison
ment, occurred bocauso the Indiana typo per
sisted, and tho latest Indictments, this time
In Indianapolis, and Including tho man who
has been chairman of the Democratic Na
tional Committee, grow out of tho same rea
sons. Neither party in Indiana has a monopoly
of tho Infamy. The biological typo that Is
Inclined to election frauds Is found Jn all
parties, and tho Inexperienced amateur Is
the only man who advocates separating tho
sheep from the goats so that ono party may
contain nothing but crooks and the other
nothing but straight goods. The process of
separation muat bu postponed till a lutur
date, and the Judge will then know one from
the other.
What Is so rare aa a Thaw tn June?
All the steel companies are winning these
days.
It looks aa if there wouldn't be any "aca
demic freedom" for tho trustees.
The Dutoh broom at the masthead seems
to be transferred to an Kngllsh ship.
The Middles seem to have thought they
were studying In a college of burglary,
"Tom" Taggart doesn't add to public con-
fldeneo by promising to take care of "the
boys."
Mil nifliisj laiiiiii urn in iiibb-is JUL
TJw mobs of Atlanta are a bigger disgrace
to aergla. than a murderer acquitted
would be.
)Hd I Sinn -Mjip-P.
Tha Jitney Rights party wH have a large
following (f its platform will tall pditrlans
haw tp kP out of the path of the Jitneys.
If the Ngrue of tba South hold an Kman
dilation Exposition In Richmond this July
they might open It with the funeral of
"grandfather "
The latest Norwegian steamer to meet a
submarine had to throw Us cargo overboard
tu aave it ImaU. What a pity the ratfK
which sank tbe LuUaala didn't anjOy tW
principle to the pMMge.
rTTTr.ATnaT.PTTTA. THURSDAY, J IT
SALESMEN ARE
BORN, NOT MADE
The Mart Who Crm Take a $5,000,000
Order for Locomotives Had It in
Him at the Beginning and Only
Needed Opportunity.
By GEORGE W. DOUGLAS
THEItE Is somewhero In Philadelphia to
day a. youth who In ten or fifteen years
will go to Russia or China or Argentina, or
Chicago nnd tnko an ordor for $5,000,000
worth of locomotives. Tho opportunity la
awaiting him, If ho can grasp It. Indeed, If
ho could do It today ho could get tho chaneo
without tho shadow of a doubt. It would
pot bo enough for him to think he could do
It. Ho would havo to provo In somo way
that ho was ablo to "deliver tho goods."
It would bo necessary, however, to com
poto with a largo number of men for tho
chance, because overy alert and ambitious
employe of tho Baldwin Locomotlvo Works
hopes that somo day ho may havo an oppor
tunity to show what n big order ho can got.
Thero was a tlmo when tho ambitious man
In tho works looked forward to admission
to tho partnership, whoro bis years of effort
and his Bklll and experlcnco could bo capi
talized In such a way ns to glvo him a share
In tho profits of tho business which ho had
assisted In creating. But this reward Is no
longer In sight. It disappeared In 1008 when
tho partnership system was abandoned and
tho business was reorganized as a corpora
tion. Promotion to tho salos department Is
what tho men nro now looking for. It Is tho
spectacular part of tho business, as well as
tho source of alt Its prosporlty.
President Alba B. Johnson, of tho com
pnny, says that ho nnd his associates nro
continually looking for men with tho ability
to sell locomotives,
Tho company Bomo tlmo ngo was In tho
habit of taking on overy year a largo num
ber of men from tho colleges and techni
cal school? as Indentured apprentices. At
tho expiration of their period of service such
of them na had proved tholr ability and ns
mnny as there was room for wero omployod
on tho regular force. This system of de
veloping the higher grado of men was aban
doned about flvo yenrs ago becauso It com
plicated tho relations of tho company with
tho men who already know their trade. Now
only such men as nro ncodod aro trained In
tho business, and tho old law of tho sur
vlvual of tho fittest Is allowed to work out
In the way of promotions. Tho man who
manifests executlvo ability Is reasonably
euro to bo advanced, for, ns Mr. Johnson
says, tho company Is moro anxious to push
capablo workers ahead than tho men aro to
bo pushed.
Salesmen Must Be Expert Engineers
Selling a locomotlvo today is not so easy
aa It used to bo. In tho old days when a
railroad company wanted moro engines tho
president would como to tho Baldwin works
In Philadelphia, or go to tho Rogors works
In Paterson or tho McQueen works In Schen
ectady and buy what was for salo there. Ho
was content with what tho engine would do.
But today tho railroads aro not content with
what tho locomotlvo makers chooso to build.
Thoy want to movo a certain number of
loaded cars over a given grade at so many
miles an hour. They may havo low-grado
coal avallablo on that part of their lino, and
the englno must bo constructed to mnko
steam economically from fuel of that class.
Tho salesman must understand tho princi
ples of locomotlvo construction so thoroughly
and tho steaming qualities of all grades of
coal so well that ho can toll after a brief
calculation on tho spot approximately what
tho engines will cost and how ho will solvo
the problem. Moro than this, his solution
must bo ablo to stnnd tho test of examination
by railroad experts. When It la submitted
by tho railroad president to his board of
directors the railroad experts of his financial
advisers will cither npprovo or disapprove,
and If they dlsapprovo they will point out
tho error In tho salesman's calculations.
So, as Mr. Johnson explained, It is Impera
tive thnt tho salesman know his business. Ho
must have a thorough technical training. If
ho has not secured It in tho technical
schools ho must got it somewhero else. Tho
Baldwin works, themselves, constltuto ono of
the best technical locomotlvo schools In tho
world. Tho engineers thero havo solvod tho
problems as they havo arisen, and what thoy
have learned tho technical schools them
selves aro now teaching to students. Tho
principles of locomotlvo construction havo
been worked out In. practlco In tho Broad
street works more thoroughly and moro com
pletely than In any other machine plant In
tho country.
Under present conditions, therefore, Bomo
of tho best salesmen ore developed from men
promoted from tho engineering department.
They know both tho theory and the practlco
of design. But tho sales forco Is recruited
from every department, wherever a man
with the necessary knowledge can bo found.
Plenty of Room at tho Top
But the man who can get an order for
$6,000,000 worth of locomotives such as that
which Russia has recently given to tho Bald
wins muBt be more than an engineer and
moro than a designer and inuru than u. nlu
deit of finance. Ho must combine all three,
and in addition ha must bo familiar with tho
business conditions prevailing throughout
the world, Including the state of credit and
tho principles of International banking, Ho
must be able to convince his customers that
his locomotives aro best fitted for the- eervlco
for which they aro intended, and he must
understand how they can bo paid for by the
railroad or the government which buys them.
The International salesman must ba a man
of different training and equipment from
that required of tho man whose customers
are In tbe United States.
Although the Baldwin works usually em
ploy about 13,000 men, ono gets tho lmprea
plon when talking with President Johnson
that every ono of them la under the eyes of
an Immediate superior who is constantly
looking for evidences of unusual abllUy so
that It may be utilized for the good of 'the
company. The success of the enterprise de
pends on the skill of the men engaged In it.
"Yet," Mr, Johnson says. "It Is trtie here
as everywhere elue, that there Is a dearth,
of men with initiative and originality. We
are looking for them all the time, and are
mighty glad when we And them. There U
plenty of room at the top, and the man who
la bigger than the Job that he la filling findj
It easy to get up higher. The opportunities
are awaiting the men ready for them "
LHUS A CERTAIN PLACE
From the SetaB fraln; Transcript
Peace at aov uric U paved with good luta-
yA'-W .Fuji n. -o
,v?y
"IS-
SPEAKING THE PUBLIC MIND
Views of Readers on the Scott Nearing Case, Billboards at the
Beach, Neutrality at Sea and Other Matters
of Current Interest.
To the Editor of livening Ledger:
Sir Your editorial In this ovcnlng's Issue on
the theme. "Too Ashamed to Fight," Is a clarion
call. Having spent a good part of today In the
endeavor to arouse flomo of my fellow alumni
to the significance of tho crisis In tho affairs of
tho University of Pennsylvania, I enn fully
sympathize with your attltudo toward tho
"hushcrs." Wo found it not easy to get all tho
nen wo wanted to sign a call upon tho Board
of Trustees for specific reasona for tho refusal
to reappoint Noarlng, although wo emphasized
tho fact that tho Issue was not tho individual
in question, not his views, but his right to ex
press hla views when nnd where ho saw fit, tho
age-old conflict over freedom of wpocch.
These trustees, not all of them, of course, but
tho majority, the reactionary crowd, aro tho
"wen behind tho guns." There Is too. much
editorial fustian over "reorganization" and the
"gang," meaning politicians who are merely
agents of "tho Interests." Theso big financial
Interests dependent upon Ill-gotten franchises
nro the peoplo with "tho stake." They are the
Irterestcd peeplo. Some politicians are In
"politics" for financial gain, but other becnu9o
thoy enjoy "tho game," tho power, tho prestige.
Shoot at the "men behind the guns." They nro
tho men afraid of freedom of speech, of expert
Investigators, of honest economic opinions fear
lessly expressed, of any change In tho status
quo which will adjust matters In the Interest
ot more Justice In tho distribution of wealth.
Could any ono conceive after a careful read
ing of tho llfo histories that these men, who
absolutely control the destinies of this great
Institution, havo any sympathy for the doc
trines taught tho public by Scott Nearing?
Have the Into additions to this board been
rclccted for accomplishments In the educational
world? Ari there any teachers pn tho board?
Any clergymen? Any poets? Any philosophers?
Does not the list of names sound frankly com
mercial? Should not this struggle resolvo itself Into a
determined effort to make this vnlverslty a
Stato Institution In fact with control by all tho
people all the time? Shall wo tolerato continued
control bv a group of Interlocking director! who
control the destinies of publlo utility corpora
tions whoao prosperity is of necessity the
people's disadvantage (strap-hanging and tho
abolition of the jltnoys being bettor dividend
paying proposition than a Beat for overy
passenger)?
In the lint of appropriations Blgned by tho
Governor appears first one headed State Insti
tutions, (followed, mark you, by ono headed
Semi-State Institutions). Where did the Univer
sity of Pennsylvania appear? In the flrsti not
even semi-state. To these trustees for expendi
ture at their discretion with accountability to
no one goes $750,000 from the publta treasury he
.Ides $150,000 for the University Hospital. Yet
It Is not a public Institution, one of the trustees
declares. By what warrant, then, do they get
this money ot the taxpayers?
Hero Is the largest school In the State, cov
ering an area within two miles of the center
of the city that Is larger than that of any
olmllar Institution in the State and more valu
able, all of It exempt from taxation. Here Is
an Institution which holds Itself forth to the
prospective student as a Stato Institution, print
ing in the catalogue at the head of all other
names that of the Governor of the Common
wealth as ex-ofllclo Its titular head. Why Is he
"head" by virtue of his office If It Is a purely
private affair? Why some years ago was the
namo changed from tho College of the City of
Philadelphia to the University of Pennsylvania
and why the objections to tho names of Uni
versity of Philadelphia by Banks Business Col
lego and to Western University of Pennsyl
vania, now the Unlveretty of Pittsburgh, unlass.
the guiding spirits of this Institution Intended
to make peoplo believe that it was a State In
stitution so as to attract students In largo
numbers? These are pertinent questions at
the present juncture, I should like to hear
some editorial comment along the lines above
suggested by the Evening Ledger, which is to
be congratulated for it progressive attitude on
many matters of public interest.
HENRY J. qiBBONS,
Beo.-Treas. of 1901 College Permanent Organi
zation.
Philadelphia, June 21,
AGAINST ALJa RADICALS
To the Editor of Evening Ledger;
Sir-Just a word from one of "the noordonn.
I tioddcn working men" who started only a few
fvnta w ,w Kuyyvi ,,u,,y Ufl fO.W Per,
after walking the streets for several months
for that, apropos the Seott Nearing dismissal
by the University of Pennsylvania. Not helps
a college graduate, perhaps I am not competent
to pau an opinion. Nevertheleee, juet listen to
me say that It Is one of tbe beet thing that
ever happened to the University of Pennsyl
vania. My opinion te on general principle,
simply being because I am against all radi
cals of hie type. It Id juat such agitators a
he that such aa tbe I. W W loafere like to
hear. Juat get enouglt of such people la this
eouatry and in time this democratic Republic
of ours will bo In the same state of internal
deeay as la England today, a is now ahowUi
yp tn Uer heur of need.
Kor the name reason that I ant against the
radical in polltlca am I against the teachings
of such aa Scott Nearing. It has ben a source
of wonder to me that he baa been tolerated so
loag. Therefore, I am agaiaet aucti radical as
1,3. FoUette, Cummin, Herri. Bryan. BurUaca,
and John Skelton WUUaBie; Beveridxe. Mur.
j dek. aa4 Jtucucvelt; FetudeiUf, Ciapp tm4
N gJJ;
AU REVOIR OR GOOD-BY?
, ,u 4vjs&W
-:-fri
zZsm
&& rMwtf
Debs, etc., oto., nnd I am for such ns they
who Btay out of tho clouds, like Root, Lodgo
nnd Penrose: Knox, Longworth and Cannon;
Stakes, Gnlllnger and Taft: Crane, Barnes and
Grundy, etc. In bthcr words when men are
antagonistic to tho business interests I am
against them, and vico veraa (with ono excep
tion tho rum business nnd tho quicker that
goes to smaBh, tho bptter will I like it). Oust
ing; Nearlnc was assuredly cood riddance of
'bad rubbage. H. M. B.
Philadelphia, Juno 21.
FREEDOM OP SPEECH
To fft Editor of Evening Ledger:
Sir-What Is truth? said Jesting Pilate nnd
would not stay for nn nnawor. But tho things
that Pilate stood for havo passed away. Tho
radicals won out. Era succeeded unto era. It
Is good ,for nn era to bo criticised. It saves
It from senllo decay. And brings forth a new
era. n. H.
Philadelphia, Juno 23.
i .
BILLBOARDS AND BEAUTY
To tho Editor of Evening Ledger:
Sir In 1912 I bought 53 Aberdeen Place (a con
tinuation of Berkley Square) after looking over
property for threo months In Atlantic City, aa
I considered It tho choicest resldenco district In
Chelsea, owing to tho wonderful bathing beach
known as Newton ' Beach, which I was told
was restricted from all building. The beauty
of tho lawns of Congressman Vare, Mr. Taubel
and tho Newtons enhanced tho charm tho quiet
nnd lack of publicity mado It most desirable
from a family point of view.
What was my horror on returning to Atlantlo
City to find nn unsightly hut and a groat bill
board, with a mass of broken cement where
tho beautiful beach with tho breakers bound
ing over it had bcenl
In Germany and England and Franco tho
municipal authorities control the archltoctura
of tholr towns, so no unsightly structure will
mar tho existing beauty.
Is American liberty analogous with license?
Mr. Lambert's signs nre not hurting Mr. Varo
bo much (as Mr. Varo Is rich enough to leave
Atlantic City and forget this unpleasant inci
dent). But what about tho rest of tho cottagers?
Tho article In Monday's Evenino Ledger says
people "litter" as they read tho algn-I beg its
pardon, they eay "Bhamo, Bhame, outrageous.
It should not be permitted."
Philadelphia, June 21. SADIE AUCKER.
THE TABLE D'HOTE TREE
To thf Editor of Evening Ledger:
Sir May I be permitted to thank you for
your editorial on my plant research work In the
Evbkino LSDaurt of Tuesday, June 22, 1915.
Also, may I be also permitted to say that I
am not attempting (aa the editorial states) to
blight "the Individualism of tho plant world."
I om trying to prove that the present nnd exist
ing constructive forces' of plant llfo are greater
than any genus or species. To prove It I have
made lilac grow on privet, and have live rose
slips on cedar and peach trees. Beyond all
genus and species of plant and animal form
is an ever-advanolng constructive vital causal
ity which constructs -the genus and epeclea of
plants1 and animals Into new forms at thla hour
Tl. . "BNnY Q. WALTERS.
Langhorne, Bucks County, Pa., June 23.
NEUTRALS AT SEA
To tha Editor of Evening Ledger:
Sir Your paper Is entitled to much credit for
Its advocacy of tho doctrine of a free neaj that
Is If you mean a real freedom and not a deiu
Bory freedom Intended only to benefit one or
more particular nations. But as long as con
traband of war la recognized as a thing which
neutrals must not carry, no real freedom can
exist. Warring nations have the right to de
atroy each other's commerce, but neutral are
In a different class and should possess rlKhta
the'orithS ,be, 0ther8' Germany Informs
the world that a free sea la her sole desi
England proclaims to the world Vat th
belongs to her. Nothing but a world confeder
ation can handle such a matter, f" h,iE
the strongest fleet will rule the wavea-necee ty
knowa no law. And the ruling fleets will is
aw arafiwj?sg
band or no contraband, al" V ? IghJ
trpmiadelph,a, June 19, FAPAIq
FOR AUTO PROTECTION
To the Editor of Evening Ledger:
STi?SSS v-aluVperoXXe1 c?yonur
contemporary tha f7ry of an aSobllac
Jldent where tbe passenger or driver mora
frequently than not both, hive bwn aerwfv
Injured by bum. eW.. caused eltherTy SS
turned automobile oatchW Are iSnS- ?
occupant, halpjawiy. or tUo Muaed by8w!
?ii?Uvf ? uittoWttals ternTback Al
though Just what this mean I do not know
It seems to we there should bii .
?TtlnS,tl"e tJophei NT'JTLSr
ago I heard or read of a email ar.E.!nB
to be u4 for the autofflebul I dol fiiUhw
of tb t PhUadelS iaiteh aa iS
ewrjrthln .u. " " regulation about
u t, iSiSS I
.. .U.Ll.,1 ...
ss(HiSikw23 ffiwSHEK
m.st? iivtaCTtfWUi
?j&zr
My
V-NAtri
if
that every automobile should carry one ot
theso now flro extinguishers?
I understand that this new atylo of ex tin
gulchcr Is extremely popular in England and
other foreign countrlos. SAFETY FHIST,
Philadelphia, Juno 19.
THE NATION'S LIBRARY
Ready to Render Servico to Any Citizen.
Not Necessary to Go to Washington,
Herbert Putnam, Librarian of Coneress, In ths
Independent.
Most of. tho activities of tho Federal Govern
ment reach out from Washington to confer
somo benefit upon local enterprise or the Indi
vidual citizen. But tho National Library, with
Its comprohonslvo collection of books, prints,
music nnd (within tho Hold of American his
tory) of manuscripts, might soom to bo of ust
only to tho visitor to Washington,
Tho fully effective u&o of tho collection can
only bo upon the promises. But this Is not to
say that tho books nnd othor matter romaln
Inert upon the shelves except as somo Inquirer,
visiting Washington for tho purpose, seeks
them hero. Tho library also Is a publisher, and
a considerable ono. It Issues numerous "lists"
which, If they aro not contributions to science,
In tho senso that thoy advance knowledge of
tho subject matter, aro something more than
mero accumulations of titles. Thoy set forth
thn books, documents and articles In periodicals
which bear upon particular topics of current
Interest. They are distributed widely to libra.
riec, and they cnablo the citizen, wherever resi
dent, to begin his study of Buch a topic intel
ligently. Nor is he limited to the published lists. Should
his topic be unrepresented In them he Is at
liberty to write directly to tho library for a
special Hat upon it; and unless tho toplo be
one upon which tho aid of his own local library
should provo sufficient, ho will get what he
nsks for. Twelve or fifteen thousand such re
quests reach tho library each year and are
answered, even If thoy nro not for a list of
books, but for some Bpcclflo Information; pro
vided, of course, tho answer Is posslblo through
a moderate reference and can be kept within
a modorato compass.
Tho justification of tho response (which In a
way assumes the library to bo a sort of bureau
of Information) Is that with Its great collec
tions (exceeding now 3,000,000 items), Us efficient
bibliographic apparatus and Its staff of em
ployes expert In tho handling of this, It can
with a minimum of effort and expense render
a large nnd varied Borvlco which local institu
tions could' render, If nt all, only by tho multi
plication of effort and expense.
But the Inquirer thus directed to the sourcei
of information Is only past the threshold of hi
Inquiry. He still needs the books themselves.
Well, If tho books aro books which are not to
be had nearer at hand, he may secure them
from tho National Library. Ho has only to
ask his local library to borrow them for-hlm,
and they will be sent at hla expense for th
transportation.
There are, of course, limitations to such
loans j It Is not the duty of tho Federal Gov
ernment to substitute Itself for local enter
prise. It is not practicable to. furnish booka for
mere recreation, or for ordinary self-Instruction
or culture. Theso are within the province of
the ordinary public library. But where th
book la. an unusual book, for the unusual need,
and the National Library has It, and can at
the ,moment spare It, It will bo lent.
Our citizens engaged In serious research-
though not a class by themselves, for they include-
every one with a problem of the moment,
even If unprofessional are but a fraction of
the population. To tho others who aro using
their local libraries for ordinary purposes then
Is another Eervlce, which, though Indirect, may
provo of fundamental concern. Thla consists In
the relief afforded by the National Library U
local libraries by the publication and sale of
its catalogue cards. These carda embody
complete catalogue entry by author, and for
the most part subject also, for every book cur
rently received by the National Library, and
the major portion of the booka in Its existing
collection. They also indicate the classification
of each book In tho collection here. They ere
"atandard" In size and form, and may be In
serted Into the card catalogue of any American
library. The price charged Is but nominal.
There Is no citizen Wiving a serious problem
to which a library may respond, and for which
his local library proves Inadequate, who may
not look to the National Library for assistance.
ANSWERS
Prom th Boston Evening Transcript
A eoft answer turneth away wrath, but It
leads to a lot of correspondence,
AMUSEMENTS .
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