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TUBLtC LEDGER COMPANY
fif
CYRt'8 It. K. CURTIS, PtCtntXT
Chattel H. Lwtlnfrton. Vice PreeMent ; John C. Martin,
Gttjetary and Trearerer; rhlllp B. Cellini, Jofcn H.
wtMeme, Directors.
EDITOMAL BOARD!
Cnvt It. K. Ccarlt, Chairmen.
P. It WHALET Kxtetitlra JMIter
JOHN 0. MARTIN. . .
..Oencrtt naihttii Manarer
PubHhei dally at rtuo LeeeM Dnildlnr,
IMejxndente Square, Philadelphia.
Lerttn Ctntait ... Oread and Cheetnut fitreete
ATUNT1C Oil Praxl.rrnhM fliilMln.
Hm.S,K I1V,I?A' Metropelltan Twr
WSWH .
. .... .hit noma .in'urar" miiimna
.......o ivanrioo riaee, fail Mill, h. w.
NEWS nunEAim-
'ii".JT? H" The rMf IhtlldltiK
Nsir Yci Bciud.
Tna Timet nuiMine
i OO FrldHehitr-
2 Tall Mall Raal, 8. XV.
. . ...32 Rue Loula 1 Grand
LojtroM noitJAO.
FiXll Bciuc...
subscription terms
RW 'li'fcS" ?." Ix een, B m"' Mpid
frataM of Philadelphia, ejcej where' forelm polee
la required, DutT OstT, ona month, tnentr-nvfi eanla:
BiLI, UT' BW X'"; thr dollar. All mall aub
erlptlena payable In adtanee.
None Subaetlbara wlehlnc addreia chanted rauit
lira old aa well aa new addreae.
BILL, JMO WALNUT
KEYSTO.VE, MAIN 1089
B1" Addrett all eommunli(lona to Evening
Ledger, Independence Square, Philadelphia,
KTtxto rat rniuttirnn ronorncr it aicosn
. cuaa Milt. lurrrn.
U5 AVERAGE NET TAID DAILY CIRCULA-
TION OF THE EVENING LEDGER
FOR MAY WAS 88,611.
T
rniLADELTIIIA, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 9, 1915.
, . ' t always easier to go to law than to come
att'ov again.
Withdrawal of Mr. Ilryan
rpHE first break In the Wilson Cabinet
J-comcn with tho resignation of tho most
conspicuous member of It.
For almost 20 years, sinco tho "Cross of
Gold" catapulted tho obscuro Nobraskan Into
tho limelight of national publicity, ho has
hold In his hands tho destiny of a great
political party. Ho sprang Into tho arena
as an opponent of tho existing order. Always
slnco ho has been In opposition to some set
tled and living program. Ho abandoned freo
silver, tho heresy which made him, and ho
fought his second campaign on an anti-Imperialist
platform. In temporary eclipso In
1904, ho rose rrom tho ashes of that dis
astrous campaign again to assume full con
trol of tho remnants of his party. In opposi
tion to everything, ho ran against Mr. Taft
In 1B0S. Tet In 1912, when blind fatuity split
tho Republican party wldo open and a Demo
crats victory was assured, tho crown -fell
not on his own head, but settlod gracefully
on a newcomer. But In the titanic strugglo
at Baltimoro It was Bryan who determined
the outcome of the battle, dovltallzed tho
Clark movement and breathed tho breath of
life into the gasping Wilson cause.
Tes, Mr. Bryan was tho most conspicuous
member of tho Cabinet.
INCOMPETENCY FREQUENTLY
EXHIBITED
niHE nation recognized that tho Ne-
fa' '-braskan must be invited to accent a Cab-
Xnet position. His elevation, however, was
viewed with distrust. Ho had given no evl
denco of executive ability. His long service
in public speaking hnd dulled whatever ca
pacity for concentrated work ho may nat
urally havo possessed. He had had no
time for deep study and seemed to lack the
intellectuality which Is a prerequisite to
success in a position that would tax the re
sources of the most diligent and accurate
student of international law. From tho very
beginning ho shocked the country by his
contempt of the conventions and his in
sistence on lecturing about tho countryside
for pay. He inaugurated his Incumbency
by a curious and foolish error In connection
with Ambassador Wilson, then In Mexico.
Bent by the President to California to soften
4b v
... w.u-jupanese sentiment, he accom
plished nothing. Ho seemed to be chiefly
responsible for tho sentlmentallsm which
passed as a Mexican policy, and the nation
repeatedly had cause to blush on account
of the mediocre quality of Statesmanship
exhibited In communications passing be
tween Washington and Huerta. Even John
Bassett Moore In time became disgusted
and quit. Under Bryan's direction the ex
travagant Colombia treaty was brought
forth and later the NIcaraguan treaty.
OFFICES FOR BRYANITES
TTE FILLED the public offices with trove-J-L
hunters, Insisting from the first that
his henchman, Daniels, should be Secretary
of the Navy, and later deluging the offices
of the Government with Bryanltes. Met
calfe, the editor of his Commoner, he sent
to Panama. Santo Domingo suffered from
his spoils system. Ho put a son on the
payrolls. His "deserving Democrats" be
came a common Joke.
A CONSISTENT ADVOCATE OF PEACE
YaT '" ne thing good and one thing
excellent be has stood through thick and
thin. To be for peace has munt .. i,i .
do something more than talk paaee. He has
been willing, paradoxically, to fight for it.
He has negotiated arbitration treaties with
many nations and haa made effective with
them the walt-a-year poller, whleh Is un
doubtedly the longest step forward ever made
foe the prevention of war. assuming that the
treatl are not "scraps of paper." To nea.
, to reaj peaee, he has osUt(wtJy dedicated
jhjhmji, no nas & a devoted advooate
of athltratlon of all dtspuiu either affecting
r not affecting tb national honor. Therein,
perhaps, he bos eviitsed his greatest weak,
1UM, fofr fce has failed to graip the Idea, (.hat
tfce only peae ww, fcavtoaT U a, oUan pease,
ft MuonabUi peace, a, juace eoBsuntlii.- ,.
ijmi mtereata of the nation. He lei bis
f-mr&uui... . .
IS""" lu pwaeaj eaisec ana e(reminte our
f, ,lS"n policy, whereas, of course, our for-
ta potter should have been strengthened
fcjr our ra w0ka,avralQ a j,,,
EYfrNlKG
t arms. Peace does not mean timidity;
Jtf, Bryan, unfoftuhnlely, save It that com-
plexlon.
fNTENADLE POSITION IN rnBSBNT
cmsis
HIS position In the present crisis Was un
tenable, as the Bvbnino LBDoan pointed
nut vesterdav. His aversion to a stern de
mand on Germany should havo manifested
Itself previous to the dispatch of the Lusl
tanla note, Onco that was delivered, there
was ho room for the United States to with
draw. It had to stand by Its guns. Yet an
nmazed nation has awaited for days a reply
to the evasive answer of Berlin, a reply that
should have been sont within 24 hours. The
delay has Imperiled tho position of the Gov
ernment, for It has encouraged Berlin to bo
llcvc that our policy was Indecisive and
doubtful, that It was strongly opposed at
home and that tho situation was not so
cxttrent as related. Tho retirement of Mr.
Bryan, of course, will convlnco Germany that
there Is no longer any hesitation on the part
of our Government, for tho resignation
means nothing If It does not mean that, yet
alt of the ground lost cannot bo recovered.
MEANING OP THE RESIGNATION
M:
R. BRYAN'S withdrawal means, in tho
first place, a dcflnlto Mexican policy,
which will tnke the form, If nocessary, of
reconstruction by force of arms, within
dcflnlto limits. What Is far moro Important,
It is an nssuranco that tho noto about to
reach Berlin will havo In It no Jot or tlttlo
of weakness, no gamblo With sophistry, but
will bo a clear, definite reiteration of a posi
tion deliberately assumed and from which
thcro can nnd will be no retreat whatever.
Why should thcro bo7 By treaty nnd by that
hitherto accepted codo known as Interna
tional law wo have a guarnntco that our
rights shall bo respected. No moro wo ask,
and with no less can wo honorably bo satis
fied. Mr. Bryan would bo apologetic and
lenient for peace's sake; tho Administration
will bo decided and exact In Its demands'
for humanity's sake.
POLITICAL EFFECTS
AS TO tho political effect of tho Cabinet
xa-upheaval, Mr. Bryan Is a riddle. Ho has
an enormous following In tho United States.
Undoubtedly, being no longer a member of
tho Administration, ho will feel freo to
critlclso It, although It Is scarcely likely
that ho could attract a great number of
adherents by preaching against tho policy
decided on In relation to outrages against
American commerce. If. however, ho should
decide to play upon prohibition as upon a
lute, ho has It In his power to split tho
Democracy beyond any hopo of recovery.
Indeed, his action may forebode a situation
noxt year which will make Republican suc
cess as certain as Republican defeat was
In 1912.
SATISFACTORY TO THE COUNTRY
"7"ET tho country will brcatho moro cosily
and look with more confidence to Wash
ington now that Mr. Bryan Is no longer
Secretary of State. Ho did not fit tho Job
because ho was not fit for It either by
training or by Instinct. Yet, withal, what
ever his failures and his faults and they
aro many ho is ono of tho greatest and
most powerful of living Americans.
Outlawed by His Own Efficiency
T TR. FORD is going to havo no $100,000,000
-LTX corporation in Michigan. Instead, It ho
Is not careful, ho may find himself in the
penitentiary. Tho man stands convicted of
having achieved a colossal success. He has
mado moro money than any of his neighbors
over made. Ho must be crooked, an ex
ploiter, an undesirable citizen.
But he cannot get tho better of Michigan.
No, sir! Don't tho State statutes say that
no business with a capital of moro than
j:5,000,000 shall bo incorporated? Of course
they do. So Jlr. Ford must go somewhere
else, where tho prosperous wicked thrive, to
get tho kind of legal standing ho wants for
his company. Tho MIchiganders do not in
tend to havo any live octopuses roaming
about If thoy can help It that is, no octo
puses of over 25,000,000.
Strange, Isn't it. that any State or Gov
ernment should want to limit success and
prevent the doing of big things in a big way?
But what community wants a hundred-mll-llon-dollar
factory instead of honey-mouthed
agitators who can talk workmen Into pre
ferring hot air to hot biscuits? Yet It may
be that Mr. Ford, in spite of the condemna
tion of his own State, Is so callous that he
Is not ashamed to look at himself In the
mirror.
Crimes of Dyspepsia
WHEN H. G. Wells based a whole novel
on the dyspepsia of his hero some peo
ple thought it a little extreme for anything
but a burlesque. It was all very well to ex
plain that Mr. Polly "suffered from Indiges
tion now nearly every afternoon In his life,
but as he lacked introspection he projected
associated discomfort upon the world." But
wasn't It taking matters a little too seriously
to write even Jocularly: "Drink our teachers
will criticise nowadays, both as regards
quantity and quality, but neither church nor
state nor school will raise a warning' finger
between man and his hunger and his wife's
catering."
Now, however, comes (he warning finger,
no less a digit than Judge Gorman's, of the
Juvenile Court. Speaking of the Bvbnino
Lbdosr's free cooking lectures at Horticul
tural Hall, he throws the weight of law and
penology into the scale: "I'm not afraid to
eay that dyspepsia causes a great deal of
crime. If your cooking classes will lessen the
prevalence of dyspepsia, I can heartily as
sure you that It Is a great thing. This mal
ady causes aa much crime as degeneraoy."
Men who want ships know where te jotne
te get them built.
TJw celebration on "the Fourth will have
nosre than its ysual VareUty.
"War Mttnot mako heroes unless It finds the
tff of whjeh heroes are made.
'"T"' '
If McComba is at oddg with the President,
so much the worse for MoComba.
one cent trolley cars in Cleveland aro do
lus almost aa saucb busineee as the Jltneya
iri,ijffjiii'iiiinii'ti
tiiv;i&i0mrtf'PiiMiimi't'r
EEPflERPHpAPELrHlA. WEDNESDAY
PREMIERSHIP OFTEN
A STORM CENTRE
Incidents From the History of tho
Cabinet, Showing the Primacy of
the President in All Affairs of
State.
By RAYxMOND G. FULLER
"CTTHBN Woodrow Wilson was nominated
V V for tho Presidency at tno Bammoro con
vention it was the power of William Jen-
., n .k.. a jttjt It aia m.a rfl in rm I arn
mugs irjnu mui U1U Ik. l.ci 14. w - .. .r.-
fow politicians expected that Bryan would be
In the Wilson Cabinet. Somo doubted that
ho would bo' asked, whllo others were suro
that, If Invited, ho would decline. They bo
lleved that a "temperamental Incompatible
lty" existed between them, and It was so. Tho
difference was clearly apparent to all who hail
considered their separate careers. Despite tho
display of political strength which Bryan
had given at Baltimore, when? he had Wndo
Wilson President, nobody thought he would
become President ' de facto" In tho approacn
lng Administration.
Leaving asldo tho question of Bryan's fit
ness for tho post, It may be said that tho In
fluence of tho American premiership In Gov
ernmental affairs has not, In past history, dd
pendod solely on tho calibre of the man np
pointed to that high office. Men of the high
est ability and forco have, indeed, increased
tho dignity and importance of tho position,
but even the best of them havo been slighted
and subordinated by thn Presidents. Tho
present instance reaffirms tho fact thnt
tho primacy of the Stnlo Department
sometimes within Us own domain Is largely
an Idea or sentiment which the growth of
our unwritten constitution has failed to es
tablish on firmer foundations.
After Blaine had effected the nomination
and election of Garfield tho opinion was wide
ly held that Blalno as Secretary of Stato
would bo President "do facto." From tho
Stalwart" writings of tho day ono would
gain tho Impression thnt such actually proved
to be tho case. But through Garfield's long
'Illness tho President kept Informed of tho
courso of public affairs and never yielded to
his ablo Secrotnry any of his prerogatives as
Chief Executive. Blalno was qulto willing to
bo tho recipient of extraordinary nowers. but
during tho whole period tho Government, ns
Bomo ono has said, was "a government of de
partments." Tho Unofficial Title of "Premier"
After thrco years' service as Secretary of
Stato In tho Administration of Harrison,
Blalno resigned becauso of difficulties with
his chief. In tho controversy between tho
United States and Chill Jlr. Blalno was over
borne by tho President. Harrison took mat
tors entirely out of tho hands of his so-called
"Premier" and himself Issued tho ultimatum
to the Chilian Government. At tho very be
ginning of the Administration Blalno received
what ho considered a serious personal affront
In Harrison's refusal to lot him appoint his
son as First Assistant Secretary, as Webster
and Seward had done. Thcso and other Inci
dents led to tho break. It Is worth noting,
by tho way, that tlio titlo of "premier" was
first applied to Daniel Webster and then us
a kind of slogan of his political adherents.
Recent notablo examples of the suliordlna.
tlon of tho Secretary of Stato In his own de
partment may bo cited. Tho country has
known few abler Secretaries than John Hay,
but McKInley acted In direct opposition to
tho opinion of Hay when ho decided to de
mand tho cession of tho Philippine Islands
from Spain. Roosevelt acted solely on his
own Judgment and Inltlatlvo when ho Inter
vened between Russia and Japan.
Farther back in tho history of tho Cabinet
wo find that Jefferson did not onco seek tho
advlco of any of Its members regarding tho
Louisiana Purchase, ono of tho most mo
mentous events in tho history of tho nation.
Jackson and Grant had "Kitchen Pniiinntu
Secretary of Stato Fish, In Grant's Adminis
tration, resigned becauso tho President had
ignored him in dealings with the San Domln
gan Government, but did not actually leavo
tho Cabinet, as he felt that ho ought to ro
main for the good of tho party. Webster
and Clayton aro among tho Secretaries of
State who resigned in times of Cabinet ngl
tatlon. Buchanan, Interested whllo Secre
tary of Stato In tho dispensing of Pennsyl
vania patronage, bocamo bitterly offended
with Polk becauso of tho President's disre
gard of what tho Secretary considered his
rights In tho matter. From this nnd other
causes a general break-up of tho Cabinet
was impending when Polk proved himself
master of tho situation and established him
self In full control of tho department heads.
Conflict in Washington's Cabinet
Conflict in the Cabinet has been really
violent in several Administrations. Washing
ton had his troubles, as all readers of history
know, with the rivalry and wrangling of
Hamilton and Jefferson'. That, of course,
was before tho day of one-party Cabinets.
The council table became tho scene of such
quarrels that Jefferson, some years after his
withdrawal, wrote that "Hamilton and I
were dally pitted In the Cabinet like two
cocks." These quarrels led Washington to
settle down to a strictly party council for
the last two years of his Admlnlstlatlon.
Tho story of Lincoln's relations with the
Civil War Cabinet has been often told; how
Seward, the Secretary of State, offered to re
lleve the backwoodsman of the burdens of be
ing President: how he ossayed to dictate the
domestic policy and the foreign policy; how
he learned that Lincoln was President In fact
as well as In name: and how Lincoln, with
consummate tact and Infinite patience, bore
with the attempted interference of Seward
and other members of tho Cabinet and with
their quarrels, and yielded full praise of their
ability and acknowledgment of their servloe.
The priority of the Secretary of State
among department heads dates from the sec
ond Administration of Jefferson, or perhaps,
as he himself once said, from his own In
cumbency of. the secretaryship under Wash
ington, Madison, as Secretary of State under
Jefferson, was designated as the Administra
tion candidate for the Presidency, a, precedent
which has long Iain on the shelf. Madison
did not greatly distinguish himself in the of
fice of Secretary, and the same Is true of Jef
ferson and Monroe.
CHEERFUL SENILITY
My, It's great though, to be fortyl
Kindo' upplah-llke and snortyl
Never knew the joy of living
Fisdjug, loalag, taking, giving.
Loving, helping, eating, drinking.
Dreamta, "!. '. tWWg
TiU sr twoaeore race I'd ru
Lqrd, but being forty's fust
Wasn't reosoiineaded to met
Thrill was new when It went through me
Had bn told that it was tough-
Tola that thirty's old enough
Quest, though, they were only fooling.
Now I'm wild. Impatient, droollnc
For some more years. Bet It's nifty
Wtuu a feller can be fifty!
w- SHBwBwffigM tiff 3
' ii ill - .,.. - ----..-m--.mmmm--m--. W DB B7.
LABOR WISDOM
John C. Watson, ex-Premier, Defends Compulsory Military Serv
ice and Says That Forced Arbitration of Industrial
Disputes Is Successful.
"T71ROM Stablo Boy to Premier" is tho titlo
x which an American publisher would
glvo to a campaign biography of John Chris
tian Watson, tho distinguished labor leader
of Australia, now visiting Philadelphia and
other American cities. Mr. Watson was born
in Valparaiso In 1S67 of Scottish parents.
His family migrated to New Zealand whllo
ho was a. lad, and thoro ho learned tho print
er's trade. Ho went to Sydney, N. S. W., a
fow years later and ncccpted tho first Job
that offered. This happened to bo that of
stablo boy to tho present Marquis of Lin
colnshire, then Earl Carrington and Gover
nor of New South Wales. Not long after
ward ho secured work at his trado. His
ability, coupled with sound Judgment and
discretion, was recognized by his fellow work
men and ho became a leader. Ho wa3 chair
man of tho chapel In the printing office
wnero he worked and devoted himself to set
tling disputes between tho men and their
employers and was proud of his nbllity to
keep things running smoothly. In tho courso
of tlmo ho was elected to Parliament on tho
Labor ticket and demonstrated his ability as
a lawmaker. When tho Labor party won in
1004 ho became Premier at tho early ago of
37 years. He is now managing director of
Tho World, of "Sydney, a now dally news
paper established by the Labor party. Ono
does not have to Inlk with lilm lonitn ,11b.
cover that he has risen by sheer force of his
natlvo ability.
Compulsory Employers' Liability
Ho is naturally interested in tho protection
of tho Interests of labor, and has been largely
Influential in tho passage of tho advanced'
legislation of tho Commonwealth.
"Wo havo had employers' liability laws for
somo time," he said to a representatlvo of
tho Evening Ledoeh, "and every employer
of labor is compelled to pay deflntto fixed
sums to his men when they are Injured. Tho
compensation begins with $5 a week and It
Is increased with Increased wages. But It
never rises beyond tho maximum of half
what tho man was earning. If a man is
killed at his work his dependents receive
$2000. The employers have nrilnateri tvioi-
business to tho system, and are in the habit
of adding a certain percentage every year to
tho ordinary fixed charges to cover either
the cost of insurance against loss or to
creato a fund out of which to pay tho
damages to the men injured. When we put
up our building in Sydney at a cost of J400,
000 we Insured every man working on it to
protect tho men and ourselves. The system
is working satisfactorily.
"As to tho hours of labor, they are not
definitely fixed by statute. We have an ar
bitration board, which uses its discretion in
deciding how many hours those employod in
each trade shall work. The board adjusts the
hours to tho varying conditions of employ
ment. Coal miners, for example, may not
remain underground more thnn ii,f u,..
and time enough must be allowed them to
get from the drift where they are employed
to the mouth of the mine above ground
within the fixed time. Lorry drivers, on tho
other hand, work ten hours, but they may
be driving their wagons for only eight hours,
the other two hours being devoted to har
nessing their horses In the morning and
caring for them at night."
"There has been some demand for compul
Bory arbitration of labor disputes in the
United States. How does the Australian
compulsory system work? Do the men abide
by the awards?"
Forced Military Service
es, they do as a rule. Of course, the law
says that they must accept the award, and
fines are provided for those who disobey the
orders of the commissions. We find that the
men who are employed the year round at
regular work prefer to accept a, decision that
may seem unfair to stopping work while it
J fought out. But the men with Irregular
employment, such as coal miners and dock
laborers, do not hesitate to rejeet the award
They are aoeustomed to periods of Idleness
and they weuld as soon be Idle while they
are fighting far better pay as U be Idle while
they are waiting fer wk. A week or two
of loafing nor or lew does not matter with
tam.
What 1 tlw attHu4 of labor to Bennl.
sory military sewleet" ,
Xou know wo havo not had eomtateorv
Mfvlw vegy loag to Aastrajfa, not swrTi
THIS;
FROM AUSTRALIA
three or four years. I did something toward
creating tho public senttrrtont In favor of tho
now law. Jabor favors tho system. Wo have
n democratic government and we aro not
afraid of arming ourselves. You know that
tyranny cannot resist an armed peoplo very
long. When overy man had his bow and
nrrow tho kings had to grant tho demands
of tho people. And tho same rule will hold
when overy man has his rifle. Tho troops
havo been called out occasionally to suppress
labor troubles, I am sorry to say. Wo do
not liko that, but wo do know that if Aus
tralia is to bo defended wo must 'defend it
ourselves. When you havo to chooso between
two evils wo think that It Is better to chooso
tho lessor. So for tho sako of tho greater
good of tho national defenso wo are willing
to run tno risk of tho lesser evil of tho use
of troops in domestic trouble.
"Wo havo already Been the advantago of
our system of compulsory military service.
Whon tho war broke out wo were in much
better condition to offer men tn ft, i,
Government than wo would havo been with
out It. Wo havo already sent 40,000 soldiers
to Europo and w0 have more in training.
Every man who left Australia was fully
equipped and ready for tho field. It takes
tlmo to provide tho equipment and wo aro
not making rifles as fast as wo should llko
to; but wo are making them. Our system
you know, provides for taking tho boys from
i- io w years and training them in cadot
corps In tho uso of a small rlflo. They learn
how to shoot and something of the discipline
of a soldier. From tho ago of 18 to 25 they
aro trained with tho regular army rifle ana
havo to spend a certain number of days each
year In camp in chargo of training officers.
Wo havo a college for tho education of of
fleers to command the men In training. They
will constitute a permanent paid body of In
structors and commanders."
"Is tho system -popular?"
"Tho young men are delighted with It
They get a week or two In camp every year'
and camp llfo pleases them. And they do
u.r .n ine!r employment, because we
have a law providing penalties for any em
ployer who discharges a man because of his
absence on military duty.
Weakness of the United States
Wo ought to have started military train
ing of the citizens long ago. Wo do note
lleve In Australia that the time has come
when armed force is unnecessary, and we bT
love that it is better to begin preparation
for national defense a long time beiore he
nation needs defending. The position f th
United States ,s ridiculous. You want to fl.
a arge place In the world, but when yo"
will do" iT Th What yU Want d0"they
will do it if they care to. and if they do
not care to they will pay no attention to
what you say so long as you are unabi t
enforce your demands. We want tn T
Pored in AustruUa to TeslsTs.on "5
argument would do it we havo the men herf
who could outargue any enemy thTt mS?
appear. But we ar .ru '. ;. m,snt
that might want to get a. fooUg o C"Z
might not understand our language a
have tho reluctance of thecfS'to feam
the language of any other nation. Comm,?
sory military service was opposed, of coS'
by the extreme socialists bv 7h. course,
and by those who for reUgi'ous re. "T"
believe in war. We met th t, "f,0 not
those with I.Vto7scnrup,lsfSiVf
them to serve ,n the medical corpTndn
the other non-combatant branch, l?lH
national army. The objections : X. ti.
we Ignored." r th8 othe"S
MR. BRYAN'S SUCCESSOR
Robert Lansing, Acting Secretary of State
la a Famous International Lawyer '
Robert Lan!Bg. who autOBu,,;'
aetlnK Sectary ot State witT Wn9
. of Mr. b, "J . retire
tinguied internal Uwy ', 3TJ"
try. H was born In wYt.rIl h e0UR-
his hee. He wa, eradwUed trT.my
ko in tfee ek j, JTZL Amt
entered on its praetieeTifh T' aBd la IJ9
ma wo, tougher tv. h "
JTTKE
Tr-rm TT-m mvr T rXTWT TJ1 ( INS h Nl.fj
. H
I a Tllf
under President
signed.
Harrison when Blaln nJ
His fathor-ln-law appointed him an auoclitj
counsel for tho United States In the Barltjf
Sea arbitration in 1S92, and ho entered on tit i
irtudy of International law, which he ha ccn-i
tlnued to the present. In 1896 and 1897 U !
was counsel to the United States Bering S( J
Claims Commission, and in 1903 ho m, .
nloycd by Ellhu Boot, then RaitkIsm, r..
- v. "r, '.
4n nrptln ihft man rt tVin TT.lt,t e.i.- ..... I
a ... . .. u,.itoi amies osigri
the Alaskan Boundary Commission In Londoa
Ana he served ns counsel for thn irniu
wv.w ... ...u .-w.w. ...mmiuu naileries neJO-
tlations and in various arbitrations at lit
Htnfnti In thn Mnrtl. .Win.!,, rt.t. ,.
Hague.
Mr. Lansing has been counselor of the SttU
department slnco tho resignation of John Bi
sett Mooro on April 1 of last vear. Rln i.
outbreak of tho European war he has w.
pared all the dlplomatlo notes, or has supplied t
tho data used In their preparation, The Prel
dent has looked to him as the legal authority
oi mo .miminisirauon on an disputea polnut -In
International dealings. He Is a man of 4lj. i
nlfled and grave demeanor, who lmpren'd '
overy ono with his mastery of tho subject!
...v.. .....v... uo uu.n i.u ucai. in recent ween '
Mr. Bryan has not known what decisions til I
TCltV, -ntllnli I.A linn 4h .1....I -..... . ... ,
been reached by the President and Mr. Lt
Bing until tho announcement was made;, la
Cabinet meeting. And Mr. Lansing hlrose?
has attended the important meetlnes of Ifci
Cabinet and sat at tho table as an equal Wllkf
Mr. Bryan.
1
SURROUNDED
From tho Washington Evening Star.
Switzerland sees a "verge of war" In evetf
direction.
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