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PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
cvnts it. k cunTifl, rtsiKM.
itmrlim II I.urilntton Vlr-Pri.Mn( ! Jnlin c! Murlln.
jfrtwury nnd Trurtrt I'hljlp B. Colllna, John H.
ItVIIUam. Blrectorn
Eon-on AtTioAnD i
t'tiits H. It. Cttttm. Chairman
II. WHAt,Er . .ExtcutlveJMItor
iqM O. JtAlttJN dtneral Business Jtanogtr
Published dally at JPcnuo Leoofji Bulfdlnr,
Indeptndence Square, t'hlladctphla.
Bi.cixjiit CK.-rmt.. ......... .Brenl and Chtstnut 8trr !
, ATUNttc citr rreai'inion Buuainu
iNkW Tob 170.A. Metropolitan Tower
liehteAdo ... .. ,.817 Home Insurntrce nulMlnir
FI.voom. ........ 8 Waterloo riace, ran Man, B. w.
KRWH tlttlimtis.
t"tVmm.nTnv nmtfcjfT ........... .Th Iont Hmlninff
tNAw ionic ritimAU .... .. . .... The Tlmn Iltilldlns-
Ilrnt.iN HrirAO ,. ..,,...., oo rntlrlchiitrai"
I.DNhOK Ilcnuu. ............ .1! fall lull KaM. S. W.
tiuais usiUD sz uue 1.0ms is urana
S&. SL(U3L.tli IJU.1 J1.1UIS
.tit rarrUr. t)Aii.t Omly. x htntit. (It mall. tin(raltl
(nutalds of Philadelphia, except where foreign pomace
la required, Din.r ostr, one month, twenty-nvecenf.
riAtr.T I14LT rmA vr. Ihre rinllAMi. All rim I Auti.
crlptlona payable In advance.
eUKij, booo wat-nut xn stom:, main nnoo
' tW Aftrfirta nil communications to Keening
Iitigtr, Independence Square, rhltadttntila
P XKTESto at inn riiitABRirniA rosTorricis ai second
CU MAIL UATTER.
riuiADF.i.riiiA. Saturday, Arnn. a. i9is.
Avoid all grieving save for pour own
misdeeds.
Who Will Neutralize the Neutralizes?
OP COURSE Villa and Zapata would bo
delighted to have Mexico City neutral
ized. It would, relievo their armies from much
arduous labor and leave them free to fight
in other parts of Mexico with tho capital as
tho prize of final victory. But Carratiza has
fyet to bo heard from. Me holds Vera Ciuz
Ennil dominates the line of communication be
tween tho capital and tho Gulf of Me.Ito.
iio hub uten ubkcu 10 consent noi omy 10 wiu
neutralization of Mexico City, but of the rail
road as well. But If ho Bhould consent, what
Guarantee would onnv onu havo that cltbcr
RbTthc railroad or the capital would remain neu
Htral? Villa's guarantee Is worthless, lip
would resptct It only so Ions' as he profited
&by It, and It It should appear to be to his
ndvantago to seize the city bo would not
hesitate to send bis army thorc.
fc' The trouble with Mexico at tjio present
Kllme Is that there is no one In tbe country
ftbto to guarantee anything. No Mexican
(leader will trUBt his fellow leaders any
(farther than he can see them. The groups
ptormed today aro broken up tomorrow nnd
B friends of last week are enemies next week.
,Yet Mr. Bryan would doubtless count It one
of the crpAtpst trliimnlis nf lil.q dlnlnmntle
Ipcareer If he could secure signatures of Villa,
Eg Zapata and Carranza to n document purport
ing to neutralize) tho Mexican capital. And
;there are few who would bo so cruel as to
deny to him the pleasure to be derived from
such an empty victory over tbe forces of dis
order, ex-cn though some curious souls might
be unkind enough to ask who would neutral-
Klze the neutrallzers.
Let Ihc Curfew Ring Every Night
ffrnHE only objection to the curfew rule
i J. which Director Porter Intends to enforce
,1s that It allows children under 16 years old
to be on tho street too late. Eleven o'clock
is later than any boy or girl should be out at
flight unattended by parent or guardian. An
hour earlier, or even two hours oarller, would
be better. The street Is not a proper place
or children. If tholr parents do not keep
sfTPathomo in,tfip evening the police must
do It for the sjl.o of the community at large.
Few men become criminals after thev
reach maturlty. The seeds of crime must bo
planted early If they are to germinate. The
number of criminals between tho ages of 10
and 21 years with which tbe courts have to
'deal Is appallingly large. Each one of theso
youthful lawbrealfcis got his start In tho evil
fcassoclatlons of the streets at night. The en-
yforcement of a curfew rule, therefore, Is not
li, return to Durltanlcal nractiees. but tho aD-
Kpllcntlon of common sense to a pressing
problem.
t Getting Together
SS THE song runs. "It Is always fair
jxJl weather when good fellows get together."
funis means inai wuen an tiie gonu iciiows
engugeu in uuainess nero gci logeiner wiciu
jwill bo brighter skie3 over heail for overy
business enterprise. Tho get-together move-
,nqnt of the Chamber of Commerce, to bo
elebrated by a dinner on Monday night, Is
pulling all the men Into It who can work
shoulder to shoulder with their fellows In
putting the city In Its' rlchtful place In tho
commerce of the nation.
Philadelphia was once the greatest Ameri
can city. Whether It shall over regain that
place does not matter, but it does matter
whether every business man hero docs his
utmost to develop the resources of the com
munity and the country which It supplies,
and utilizes to their limit all the opportuni
ties for drawing new business not only to
ljta own establishment, but to the establlsb-
ents ot his neighbors, ir the wholo com
'uijlty prospers every Individual In It will
hare In, the benefits. So keep on getting
together, until those who (lock by them-
Belyes are conspicuous because of their
rarity,
Clothes Cycles
IE cycle of clothes completes itself with
"regularity nlmost as unvarying as that
.the seasons; but It takes years Instead of
oaths for the old fashions to recur, When
jature made a rose she looked upon It and
pronounced It good. Hhe reproduces jt year
rafter year In unvarying- fashon, but man
K&rjot content with the cut of his coat for two
jfgeaBoria In succession. This is why It takes
BiteSt for l'Ie ol1 'ashons to reappear,
&heyhave to be forgotten by the mass be-Bffirs'-tl.ey
can come back, even In a form at
alPauegeatlye of their first estate.
t us take the cutaway coat as a type.
?ntyftve or thirty yeara ago every young
owned one. It was usually made of
agonal -worsted and tho edges were boiind
th, braid. The length of the tails and the
limber of buttons varied from season tp
B, but the geperul style of tho coat
unchanged ror several years, -men ii
peared, though bot-house specimens
m occasionally seen. And the fashion of
g mens coats with braid went with
I gut a year or two ago the cutaway coat
Imsk Th ea,rly samples were rare
S flr?t flowers of spring that, show
ve when tbe- sun bfslmi tp warm
ieltred places. But thja year wo are
, lliat every man whu, wishes to be well
mum uav WJ& juni j,nrj; no un
bmUMl. alter the rqanner of their pre-
f n ta cwitunf They Will ft
-idouUitiJj ! In s m aimptom
mm mv vmwmmu mm o
& itenlOIty wp P M
s
fli ?-
EVENING
light trousers to Appear, for they completed
the costume of the man of fashion In that
fnroft llmo When the newly recurring styles
last protniled, and When the dandy, once
known ns a fop and earlier called ft beau,
was characterized as ft "dude.''
(Women's fashions recur also, and some
observers of tho human comedy are so bold
tin to Insist that the women give to their
Easier hat almost as much thought as the
men have been giving to their new onc
butloncd, braid-bound cutaway coats.
To Harrtsburp; on Tuesday
LET 10,000 disciples of the liquor ring march
I to llarrlsburg If they wish. A show of
popular power Is an inalienable American
privilege The nnll-local optlonlsts havo
Just as much right to demonstrate nB nny
other people. Doubtless, too, they could give
n demonstration that would bo unique. They
might, for Instance, show their product.
The march of tho 10,000 would bo a wonderful
sight, provided tho 10,000 Bhould be made up
of those uho propose to prove, by nn ex
hibition of themselves, that "booze" Is a good
thing, although It would not be wise to
march under banners with the strango de
vice, "Ten Sons in a Barroom."
For every opponent of local option that can
be massed at llarrlsburg. Tuesday, tho
friends of locol option should muster ten.
That Is about tho numerlcnl ratio of the two
camps throughout the State. This Is a chal
lenge the friends of local option can m:ct
with a cheer and jubilation. It a counting
ot hands Is to determine tho Issue, If the
liquor ring Is ready to stand or fall by such
a test, then let tho Governor bo backed up
on Tuesday by so vaBt a multitude of ad
herents that never again In Pennsylvania
will a liquor or any other ring nttempt tho
obscuration of tho public purpose.
Growing Harmony in Italy
ITALY, confronting a great crisis In her
history, is different from tho Italy which
deprived the Pope ot his temporal power.
Tho Vatican statesmen have evidently de
cided that tho time has come to abandon
the policy ot aloofness which they hao pur
sued since Rome became the capital of
United Italy In 1871, and to recogni.:o more
or less formally tho stntus quo. Tho new
Archbishop of Genoa has definitely prayed
for Victor Emmanuel, the royal family and
tho civil and military authorities, nnd an
amicable arrangement hns been made be
tween the Church and the State for the con
duct of diplomatic negotiations in case of
war. Tho Pope lias agreed to dismiss tho
representatives of tho hostile nation1", and
tho King has agreed that the Popo may deal
with the hostile capitals through tho neutral
diplomatists .who will be nsked to look after
Italian Interests.
This friendly co-operation could not bnve
been arranged if the bitterness engendered
by the seizure of tho Pnpal States neatly 50
years ago were not disappearing. Even the
great crisis would not have been suftlcicnt to
lestoro harmony between the political and
the religious powers In Italy. It Is useless
to speculate on what the rapprochement
means to the church, which bos considered
tbe whole subject most carefully beforo act
ing, and doubtless faces the future with a
definite purpose. Italians everywhere must
rejoice at what they regaid as the beginning
of thp end of n deadlock which lias been un
fortunate both for Church and State ever
since It began.
Money Is Needed for the Fourth
COUNCILS' Fourth of July Committee Is
expected to use all Its Influence with the
General Assembly to secure the passages of a
bill appropriating money for the celebration
of tho Nation's Birthday In Independence
Square. If tho anniversary Ik to be fittingly
observed this year and In future years It Is
necessary that the Commonwealth Join with
the city in inviting the other States to par
ticipate. Although the title to tho piece ot
ground on which Independence Hall stands
Is In tbe name of tbe city, the famous hall Is
a national possession. We have to guard It
and presere It as Its custodians, but both
city and Stnto must make the nation wel
come here on the great anniversary anil must
make It feel that the shrine belongs to It
In u very real sense. This cannot bo done
without money. The expenses of the guests
must be paid and adequato decorations must
bo provided, and tho committees In chargo
must feel that they havo ample funds to meet
ail reasonable oxpenses Involved In a worthy
celebration.
A bill making a State appropriation was In
troduced In llarrlsburg early In the session,
but It did not have tho backing of the local
authorities. The determination of the Com
mittee of Councils to back this or a similar
bill ought to bo enough to secure Its passage.
Admiral Flske probably takes the Navy
seriously.
Tho baseball season has been officially
opened by a riot In Colon.
Industry la beginning to hum now that
Congress has quit buzzing.
Perhaps Austria wants peace before there
Is nothing but the pieces left.
The Municipal Court Is doing all It can
to supply the hungry with Jobs.
Chicago women are demonstrating their
ability to play the game of politics,
Thera seems to be a feeling that "Billy"
and the devil wilt not both remain In Pater
son, What's the use having a new dress If the
weather man Axes It so that neither you nor
It can get out?
' The stormy weather for which the captain
of the Eltel Frjedrlch has been praying la
now blustering around Newport News,
" A-"'
They hung the portrait of Thomas Jeffer
son In a conspicuous place in Independence
Hall yesterday to remind the Administration
that such a man once lived.
The Mexican lumber swindlers fooled a
great many people. Including a few United
states Senators, and they deluded the Presi
dent, but, not for more than 30 days.
Whether Francis Joseph Is' "surprisingly
well" or not depends on the expectations of
those who are surprised at his. state of
health. Thoy might have expected to And
Ji!m sick abed
When Mi Bryan enters the Senate all hope
of tmsslBg a cloture rule will disappear, for
Jf titra 1 Qf wsfl In tjje souptrjr opposed, j
il
T.TOTiaTCTi.PiTTT..ATiTCTiP.TrTA. SATURDAY, APRIL 3, 1915.
"THE DURATION
OF ATTENTION"
ls Eolation to Drama, Vaudeville,
Moving Pictures, Novels, Short
Stories, the Schools and Life.
"Scatter-brains,"
By WALTER PRICHARDiEATON
TlIEftE Is a. phrase In the textbooks on
psychology, "tho duration of attention,"
which Air. a. M. Cohan probably never
heard, but It stands for a fact which ho very
well understands namely, that people can
glvo their attention to one thing Just so long,
nnd then, no matter how Interested they may
be, they have simply got to tclax. it may bo
posslbla that Richard Wagner understood
this law also, but ho made a very dlfforont
estimate of the time limit of attention! If
you will go to a Cohan play and watch It
carefully, you will observo that no scene Is
prolonged much beyond five minutes: some
body then goes out or comes In, there Is a
change of mood, "comic relief," anything to
break tho suspense. In "Parsifal," on tho
other hand, or "Tristan," a scene Is often
prolonged till only the musically strongest
listeners aro ablo to keep their attention
from wandering, to keep from feeling fatigue
and even restlessness. How often wo have
been to a concert where we felt there was
one ntlmbcr too many! It may have been a
charming number, but wo weto musically
full, we had renched tho limit ot the duration
ot attention. How often, in reading a dlfll
cult book, no matter how nbsorblng, wo have
reached a point where our minds refused to
grasp tho Ideas, and wo found ourselves re
reading a paragraph a second and third time,
blankly.
Sandow's 60-pound Dumb-bell
Now, ns there aro publics for Cohan and
publics for Wagner, It Is evident that this
limit of tho duration of attention Is different
In different people Thero Is a limit to tho
time that I can hold a 50-pound dumb-bell
out at arm's length a decided limit! Sandow
could hold It out n considerable time. But if
I should practice various muscle-bulldlng ex
ercises long enough I, too, might bo ablo to
stand tho strain a moment or two. Tho mind
is not n muscle, and It is not so easily culti
vated, but It Is capable of cultivation, of
course.
Tho wholo process of our education, In fact,
may bo said In a sense to bo directed toward
Increasing the duration ot our attention. Tho
small boy cannot get his lessons because ho
cannot "concentrate." Ills teacher works to
give him that power. The genius who Anally
omclgCB from the technical collcgo and In
vents some valuable electrical appliance does
ho becauso his mind hns been trained to cen
tre on tho one pi nblem because his duration
of attention Is practically unlimited.
Conversely, it Is certain that If we fall to
exercise our muscles they lose their power of
endurance, nnd It wo fall to exercise our
minds they lose the power of concentration.
AVhlch brings us, by a perfectly natural
train of Ideas, to vaudeville and motion ple
nties, and to the question, "Is the American
public in th? theatre losing Its power ot sus
tained attention? Is tho duration of atten
tion becoming more and more conti acted?"
Rapid-fire Entertainment.
One ot our leading playwrights declares
emphatically that It Is, and he attributes tho
fact largely to vaudeville and the movies.
Undoubtedly both those forms of entertain
ment aie logically calculated to please tho
people Who by nature aro Incapable of sus
tained periods ot attention, at any rate. In
vaudeville no act lasts much over 20 minutes
somo a less time. On comes one per
former blng! ho is In the middle ot his act,
at breakneck pace. Off he goes blng! On
comes another and so through tho evening.
Similarly, in the movies, tho pictures come In
reels. Very often a whole drama Is on olio
ieel. Each 20 minutes, then, the drama is
changed. Thero aro consecutive diamns run
ning Into five, six, even nlno reels, but they
aie not, ns a rule, so popular as the shorter
plays. And even with them thero Is con
stant motion, change, shifting of tho atten
tion. A people fed constantly on such amuse
ment fare surely can hardly be expected to
find It blent training for nn appreciation of
lhipii. Iu us snv. with his demands on long
sustained attention!
If wo look nt the popular reading matter
of the day. too, we find the short story reign
ing In every magazine, and nil the novels,
except Do Morgan's, not more than a third
or even a quarter tho length of such old
HOW CARTY CAUGHT THE VISION
OV A hot summer day In Boston more than
33 years ago an old lady tolled up tho Inevi
table flights of stairs which led to the tele
phone ofllce ot those times. Out of breath
she bat down and when she had recovered
sufficiently to speak she said she wanted to
talk to Chicago. The operators of that time
were of a type that the ethnologists would
mnk a little lower than wild Indians. These
youngsters, or all but one, set up a great
laugh; and, Indeed, the absurdity of the old
lady's project could hardly be overstated, be
cause in those days Salem, 15 miles away, was
then a long distance line. Considering the dif
ficulty In getting a message even to Salem It
was no wonder that the old lady's proposal
was greeted with undue merriment. She
wanted to talk to her son In Chicago when 15
miles was the uttermost long distance frontier.
But there was one of the operators who did
not laugh. After the visitor had departed he
turned and sad that the day would come
when Boston and Chicago would be linked
by busy telephone wires. At this the others
set up a laugh as loud and even more derisive
than befory. The boy who made this prophecy
was John J. Carty, today chief engineer ot
tbe American Telegraph and Telephone Com
pany, the man who perhaps more than, any
other was responsible for co-ordinating and
perfecting the system which has made pos
sible conversation from ocean to ocean.
Others, It Is true, have had their part, and
not a Bmall part. In the work, from Theodora
N, Yail, president of the company, who said
"Do It," and it was done, through the. long
series of Inventors who have smoothed put
the wrinkles in the IranamUaion of the elect
trio fluid across the continent. Bell and Wat'
son and Pupln and hundreds of lesser lights
have done Hjeir share, but when all is said and
done we must come back to Carty. He (t
was who not only had the vision, but had the
ability to bring this vision into the full frui
tion of reality.
Born In Cambridge, Mass., on April i, 1851.
Catty, after sotng through the Latin achool
with the Intention of entering Harvard, found
that hi eyes would not enable blm to pursue
the Bho!3itle wiw be bad mapped out.
la lifS'fce lM a job a switchboard
' ' " if www
Mil 8F Jm. m FMwfw tf . I m
Amu. MCr. M --m Wmm'MAl
thrco-deckcrs as "Tom Jones" and Pendeit
nls." Evidently In llteiature, us on the stage,
the output Is calculated to meet the demands
of people whose duration ot attention is
shorter than of old.
Tho Stiffening Up Process
It In quite useless to deny Hint this popular
demand for the rnpld-flro school of diama
and fiction Is a serious hnndlcnp to the man
who Is trying to do fine, serious work cither
in the drama or literature. It Is a tcrriblo
handicap, and tho dramatic artist is perhaps
tho linrder bit. But It Is not so easy to say
whether our modem weakness of attention is
due to vaudeville and the movies, or tho other
way around. May It not bo that tho wholo
trend ot our modern wot Id, with its universal
education making millions of people factois
in tho reading nnd play-going public who
were once not factors, who onco Ipft tho field
to persons endowed by nature with gi cater
poweis of sustained attention, has something
to do with tho matter? May It not he that
our modern city life, with its hurry, Its ex
citement, Its lack of leisure, its hundred ap
peals to the attention where ono appeal ex
isted n century ago, has much to do with our
"scatter-brained" condition?
At any late, wc might as well face the fact
that no matter how much we deplore the In
ability of the modern American crowd to
concentrate Its' attention for a prolonged
period, we cannot rise up nnd abolish vaude
ville, motion pictures and the cheap fiction
magazines. Tho way to Increase the dura
tion of attention Is by education. It Is by
stiffening up the schools, and uy giving every
possible encouragement to worthy art works
which do demand prolonged attention. Thero
Is no little truth in the charge that our
schools at present are too soft. And It is
nobody's fault but our own, surely, that our
theatres bao been left entirely In the hands
of commercial traders whoso Interest It Is to
cater to the largest number tho largest
number always being those whose powers of
attention aie the weakest.
APRIL IN THE SOUTH
Slip comes to us In balmy winds.
Sweet with the bicnth of spring,
Aglow with blooming daffodils.
While, tuneful warblers sing;
Their notes commingling with tho brook's
That diners In Its mirth,
And Shine and Shower, passing by,
Make Klart tho waking caith.
Uprtlght with Invply velvet leaves,
A robe of royal green.
Adorned with apple blossoms rare,
Slip la the season's quepni
A dnluty maiden, fresh and fair,
Unburdened yet with year's,
That faces life with changeful mood,
A child otf smiles and tears,
Jake IT. Harrison, In Southern Woman's Maga
zine. we first met blm. There were no electrical en
gineers In those days and a man had to blaze
out his own trail. This he did with such suc
cess that today there Is no authority anywhere
In the world who will rank with Carty In his
chosen field. It would be Impossible within a
brief space to enumerate the Improvements
wrought out by this man and by tho corps of
500 experts who aro at work under his direc
tion at the engineering, heart ot the corpora
tion In New York. Not only has he served
America, but foreign Governments have recog
nized his skill, France calling him to lecture at
the Sorbonne and the Emperor of Japan be
stowing on him two decorations, the Order of
the Sacred Treasure and the Order of the Itls
Ing Sun.
About tit years ago Mr. Carty visited for
the first time the raclflc coast. In common
with all the boys of the Kast so he tells the
story be had studied geography, seen pictures
of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, read his Buf
falo Bill, knew about the trappers and Over
land Trail and of the old pioneer spirit of
"Pike's Peak or Bust." He went oyer that
trail, not on the back of a mustang but In a
Pullman, In going over the route and reading
and rereading the history of that westward
movementhe was seized, he says, with some
ot the old ploneeer spirit. Inspired by the gran
deur pf Mr, Vall's Idea) of universal service.
The railroad on which he traveled was the
Union Pacific, and the fact that It was so called
was suggestive to him. He was Impressed with
the fact that California telephonlcally was
not In the Union.
"I was Impressed," he continued, "with the
fact that the Union Faelnc Railroad was
built for the purpose or tying that part of the
country to the rest of the Union, We were
not one nation until California was admitted
to the Union, until It was tied up by the rail
road and the telegraph. Now, telephonlcally,
we were not one nation until we were able to
talk from New York or Philadelphia or Bos
ton to San Francisco, and the thing which I
promised was that I was going to undertake
nothing more or less than to go back and set
to work, so far as It In me lay, all of our
machinery and resources to estab)h eje-
B&aniP SlffliAMJ&ft jtta.ft Altai p&
EASTER
EASTER IN PHILADELPHIA IN 1865
Word of the Assassination of President Lincoln Was Received on!
Saturday Old Newspaper Accounts Reveal the Effect
Produced on the People of This City.
EASTER Sunday, 50 years ago, promised to
be n day of rejoicing over the good news
that had como ftom Appomattox. Rejoicing
thero was, all through tho preceding week
until Saturday. News of tho nssasslnatlon of
President Uncoln on Friday evening, at
Ford's Theatre In Washington, was not gen
erally known to tho public until Saturday
morning. In the Punuc IjiiDOEn of that date
tho principal news article was headed, "A
Crimo Without a Name." The leading edi
torial boio the same title.
Monday's issue ot the Punuc IjUDOku
thero was no Sunday Punuc IjEdqur then
described "The Nation's I-,oss How the News
Was Received In Philadelphia." Tho story,
ns It appears In tho yellowed flies, runs as fol
lows: Saturday Morning
"After a week of rejoicing, bordering on
fienzy; after the hosanna3 of praise In be
half of our victorious armies, and while the
wholo city was ablazo with excitement over
the approaching Illumination to commemo
rate the nation's deliverance, enme tho sad
news of the nation's loss. The sad story was
known to but few on Friday night
but with tho break of day tho newsboy's cry
awoke the peoplo to a knowledge ot tho
tragedy. It was with difficulty that men
could be mado to believe tho story. That
such an event could occur at the capital of
tho nation was hard to comprehend, and
men nnd women took counsel together at
icarly dawn, and with tearful eyes and sad
dened countenances prayed that thero might
bo some mistake. Soon tho people found
their way to tho heart of tho city to learn
tho full extent of tho tiagedy. Work was
suspended In workshop and factory: count
ing houses nnd brokers' ofllces were closed;
mprchants closed their stores, and everybody
crowded to tho newspaper ofllces to catch
tho first announcement of a possiblo Im
provement In tho President's condition.
"Past political differences wero forgotten
In the unlvcisal sorrow, and men discussed
tho event as a national humiliation and
shame, and not as tho loss ot nn Individual
or tho representative of n political party.
Sadness was visible in every face, and men
gnthercd In groups to talk with bated breath
and recount tho noble qualities of Mr. Lin
coln and express tho hope that his life would
bo spared to witness tho final triumph of tho
cause which it had fallen to his lot to guide.
But when tho Ofllclal Gazette put at rest all
hopes by announcing the death of Mr. Lin
coln, the grlof of tho peoplo was manifest In
nil directions. Strong and bravo men wept
as they reud tho news, and the gleam of rage,
was seen to sparkle In the eyes of the moro
excitable.
The Crowded Streets
"Tho crowd on Chestnut street grow larger
minute after minute, until by 10 o'clock the
thoroughfare was almost Impassable. Two
gentlemen conversing together wero sure to
attract notice and collect a crowd of listen
ers eager to learn tho sentiments of the
speakers or perhaps to gather a crumb ot
comfort. Business was suspended every
where. Doors nnd windows wero closed, and
within an hour after tho announcement of
Mr. Lincoln's death Chestnut street was
draped from every building, Many
of the stores, although closed for business,
had the display windows opened and In them
wero arranged portraits of Mr. Lincoln, with
suitable surroundings and groupings of the
emblems of mourning,
"Nor was this cqnfined to the principal
buildings or to the main streets, Every
where the peoplo endeavored to gjve soma
outward token of their grief. -Dwellings were
draped In mourning, In some places the
black folds wero hung from windows, oyer
doors, or across the building. Balconies were
draped, shutters bowed and craped. At a
number of residences the portrait of Mr. Lin
coln, heavily hung In black, was displayed at
parlor windows, Everywhere the flags
were at half-mast and '-notted with crape.
To add to the general solemnity, the State
House bell commenced tolling, and In com
pliance wjth a suggestion by the Chief Engl
neer of the Fire Department, the engine bells
also sounded the dirge. No description could
do JUstJce to the sincerity of the grief of the
people, or fittingly notice the outward mani
festations of sorrow- It was the saddest day
known In the history of Philadelphia.
"It came to be recognized as proper, before
Jong, that the small medallion likeness of Mr.
Lincoln, so well known during the political
campaign, should be worn as a token of
mourning. Boys found a ready sale ror the
picture, and soon the familiar face of the
late President wus to be seen upon the coats
of thousands of oitlzens.
to seek vent for their fcellngs, A victim was"!
sought, and tho slightest hint of nn Indi
vidual differing In sentiment with tho great J
mass of tho people was sufficient to direct a
crowd in his direction. This feeling was dis
played several times during tho morning,
nnd nothing but the firmness of the police
men, with tho personal effotts of tho Mayor,
saved us the shame of nn outbreak which
could havo accomplished no possiblo good.
Sevcinl men who were alleged to havo used
language Indicative of pleasure at the na
tion's calamity were mobbed and were only
Mivcd from vlolencn by tho exertions of the
policemen. An excited crowd caught
one man at fith and Chestnut streets, and a
proposition to bang was mnde. A strong
posse of policemen came to tho man's rescue, ,
and took him to tho Central Station, the ,
crowd following, crying, 'Hang him!'
Easter Sunday
"The Rev. Father McElioy, of St. Joseph's
(Catholic) Church, dwelt at length on the
terriblo calamity that had befallen the na
tlnn In tho dastard assassination of its Chief
Magistrate. Ho denounced the crimo In un
measured terms, and drew such a vivid Pic-,
tine of the awful deed and Its dlro conse
quences as to make n marked impicssion on
his hcarera nnd affect many of them even
to tears. Ills remarks tlnoughout wcrej
listened to with breathless attention, and In
conclusion he exhorted his hearers to offer
up their fervent prayers unceasingly for the
country In this her hour of deep affile
tion.
"At the New Street Lutheran Church
l :
tho pastor, the Rev. E. W. Hutter, feelingly
commented on the absorbing event of the
day. Ho compared the taking away ot Presi
dent Lincoln at this critical Juncture to the
lemovnl, by Divine command, of Moses, on
tho very eve of tho entry of tho hosts of
Israel Into tho Promised Land. And again
ho compared It to tho horrible martyrdom
of John tho Baptist, nt the period of tho In
auguration of our holy Christianity Both
these ovents had been characteilzcd by an M
awful and sublime mysterlousness. Neither
bad In the least retarded the progress nnd
establishment of the Church. So It would be fr
now. God's government was not dependent I
on nnv nna man or c1ajh nf mpji howpver :
gifted, noblo. or hlch In nosltlon." 9
In an editorial on the death of Lincoln and
tho task beore tho nation, tho Public
LenoEn said: "What our late excellent Chief
Magistrate, while living, thought was Just,
and honorable, and right, Is no less Just and j
proper now that he Is dead. Indeed the noble
principles to which ho devoted his Hfo be
come sanctified by his death, In his clear
senso and understanding the disturbing pas
sions of tho hour coufd not avert for ope
moment the steady purpose of hls heart,
which was tho restoration of tho Union to
Us original lutegtlty and power; n restora
, tion not merely In n bond of political union,
but one In mutunl sentiment of good-will."
i ,
EASTER THANKSGIVING
Thank God for the dear ones safe today,
Safe at home on the happy shore,
Where the smile of the Father beams for aye
And the shadow of pain shall fall no more.
Thank God for the hearts that have done with!
sin.
Fpr the eyes that shall rtever ba blind with?
tears;
Thank God for the beautiful, entered In,
To the perfect feat of the deathless years,
Thank God today for the pilgrim feet.
AVhlch have trodden the last of the tollsoma
way;
For the strong, for the frail, for the babes o
sweet,
Who have left forever this crumbllnar clay;
Who have changed earth's trial and loss and -
moan,
For the victor's palm and the voice of pralseH
wno awen in me (lent or the great wnuo.
Throne. i
And Join In the songs which the ransomed
raise,
Thank Gort today for the hone sublime.
Which fills our souls n the darkest hours.
Thank God that the transient cares of time
Are wreathed in the glory of fadeless flowers.
Thank God for the rift in the desolate gravel
v fv.m.v. n wuv.., (ivy v'"-'
pruon;
He hallowed Jts Dortal. who died to save.
And we write O'er its arch, "The Lord UJ
risen.
Martaret F Sjnait'.
THE CRIME OP THE ROSE
To Editor of th, Svtntng eder
Sir I cannot helo Benlamln West, who 8H
about the color of the American Beauty roa
jor nave hated the newer and never sougnfc
to know what it looks like ever since I heard,
that John P. Rockefeller. Jr . aald that In oxde
to develoo the blossom to lta creater DerfeCtloA
t was necessary to nip off ell but one of M
duos on the plant and send all Us strengto wu
the remaining bud. Such frustration of ti
plain Intent of nature is wiqunaL .
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