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EVENING LB1)(JEH-PHILADELPHIA. WED.NLHDAY, MAIU'll 10, 1015.
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PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
rvnt-s it. k ctrnTia timipicnt.
Charles II biwllnirlon. Vice Pretldenti John C Martin.
Secretary urn! Treasurer) Fhlllp S. Collin, John II.
EDiTont Aij hoard t
Ctac 11. K. Ci'ittii, Chairman.
l IT. WirALEt Executive IMItor
JOHN C. MAItTIK. Oneral Business Manager
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Pllll.itlKLPIIIA.WCn.NhSBAV, M.AIttll 10, 1915.
in the handbook of efficiency there are no
rules for making excuses.
The Machine Keeps Its Hands Off
THE best news that linn come out of Hnr
rlsburg this week Is that Iho Organization
lias decided to Issue no orders on tho local
option question. Tho bill II appears, Is not
to bo treated ns a political incuMirc on which
It Is necessary to conccntiuto the party
forces, cither In opposition or in Mipport,
This Is n victory for the locnl optlonlsts,
headed by tho Governor. They havo demon
strated that It would bo politically unwise,
for tho Organization to commit Itself to op
position to a measure for which there Is so
much popular support. Tho Democrats nro
for It. Tlioy havo been for It from tho be
ginning. Their lenders nro actively co-opor-ntlnpf
with tho Governor to push It through.
So tho machine has wisely decided to "pan
der to the moral (.cntlmcnt of the commu
nity" nnd let tho bill ulone.
Each Representative and each Senator
must dccldo for himself whether he will vote
for it. Tho matter Is put up to his conscience,
reinforced by his Instinct for sclf-proservu-tlon.
This Instinct will certainly influence
some legislators, even If they have no con
science. "A Livelihood for Every Man"
THERE havo been two years of Democracy.
At all times during tho sessions of tho
"Long Congress" It has been apparent that
but for tho influence of tho President hlm3olf
and a few sensible leaders tho party would
havo rushed into legislative excesses from
which the country could not havo recovered
in a. decade. Tho disasters which business
has escaped render thoso which havo been
visited upon It unimportant in comparison.
Tho President has tempered his party's
radicalism. Whatever ho has forced through
has been less objcctlonnblo than it would
havo been had tho majority taken tho hit In
their teeth.
There Is no thought now that tho Democ
racy as tho Democracy would havo even a
fighting chance In tho icxt presidential elec
tion. For Democracy Wllsonlsm has been
substituted. It Is on 'Wllsonlsm that Demo
crats rely for a fighting chanco next year.
They nro hopeful that his personality has
impressed tho nation sufllclcntly to cnablo
tho party to rldo to victory on It.
Thero never was and never will bo a party,
however, capablo of surviving such a winter
as tho industrial centres of tho Union havo
Just experienced. Thero Is no oratory that
can convert a hungry man, no political pro
gram that can reconcile him to tho loss of
his bread and butter. "A livelihood for
every man" will bo tho Issue next year, and
it Is an Issuo that spells certain victory. In
time of prosperity men havo tlfno to experi
ment and play with "Isms." They becomo
Intensely practical when the larder is empty.
Mr. Wilson will bo the Democratic nomi
nee next year, and he will be hopelessly de
Xcated.
Conditions Justify Business Courage
FOUR thousand men were put to work In
the Homestead plant of tho Carnegie Steel
Company this week, and for tho first tlmo In
nearly two years every department is in
operation. Tho Bethlehem Company ulso 13
seeking men to operate its plants In filling
orders that have been obtained since tho war
began.
Steel Is coming Into Its- own again. This
means that there Is a revival of business
confidence, and men are pushing ahead with
tho enterprises which have languished during
the period of depression. Business cannot go
on always on a hand-to-mouth basis, and
every tlmo It Is forced to retrench It Is ac
cumulating some demands that must be met
In the future. There nro needs enough now
for raw and manufactured material of all
hinds to Justify rcnowal of activity in overy
line. The- man who has tho courage to be
lieve in tho future today will reap a rich
harvest tomorrow.
Maine Is Swinging Bade Into Line
THE municipal elections In Malno this week
show that the reaction from Democracy,
which was noticeable in September, has lost
none of Its force. The Republicans' made
substantial gains in live cities, and they
olected their ticket In Augusta for the first
time In live years, and In Belfast for tho first
dm in nine years. Of course, local Issues
always affect local elections, but every one
familiar with the state of sentiment lu tho
nation at large Is persuaded that dissatisfac
tion with the blundering Inefficiency of th
nomocracy in Washington lu In some meas
ure responsible for the return of the voters
to tlialr old allegiance. They are getting
ready to support the Republican ticket next
$ear
Beware This Dangerous Policy
TTINGIJVND can make no greater mistake
XLl than to refuse to crews of captured Ger
man submarines the rights usually accorded
to jirisMiere of war. These man are In the
regular Mirviee of their country, the officers
eominieaioned, by It. They are not individ
ually rotipoiutlble for acts committed under
ortlrB, Their tat us cannot logically be dif
ferent fruw that of other prisoners, captured
wbtl 1 pursuit 0r their regular duty.
To troat theeo men as criminal would b
hi iftV4 repriesJ. There are British prteoa-
w tw inii-. tfeewMind of them, and it
m quit clear ttuu they ili be treated no
eucr and " worse ttutn Giy-niau jn-Uonsrs
l,rgluuii are triwted. The wholesale da-
,, .) ..f iiti'e would b? too gruesome
.. , mtwsnjtiat.e. jet what lse could
bo expeated under a policy that divided reg
ular officers and men of tho German navy
Into classes, treating ono class fairly nnd tho
other class ns criminals?
Tho causes of a war are one thing; tho
manner of Its conduct Is another. England's
quarrel Is with tho Government nt Berlin,
not with tho men who obey tho orders Issued
by that Government.
Moral Suasion Not a Slctigo-llnmmer
THERE Is no reason for excitement becauso
American warships ImVo been ordered to
return to Vera Cnns They might never to
havo left. Tho right of tho people of Mexico
to govern themselves, whether they can do It
or not, has been recognized by tho President
of tho United Stntes. That only beenme this
Government's Idea, however, nfler tho with
drawal of Huerta and tho dissolution of or
ganized authority.
Thero nro too many bandits about for tho
United States to bother with any ono of them
in particular, Carranza probably 1ms his
hands full holding on to what territory ho
controls. Ho will not try to capture our bat
tleships, nnd It is altogether probnblo that
ho will mako whatover promises seem to bo
necessary. Why not? Ho docs not havo to
keep them.
Tho moral drive and humanitarian thrust
havo not redeemed Mexico. Tl e reeking
tubo and Iron shnrd speak tho only langungo
tho people of Hint .stricken nation can un
derstand. Let them shoot themselves Into
prosperity nnd happiness If they can nnd
rob ono another to their hearts' content. So
far as American nnd other interests nro con
cerned, there Is nothing much left but ruin.
Moral suasion is an excellent thing, but It
can never tnke the place nf a slcdge-hnmincr.
A Business Accelerator?
THE chairman of tho new Federal Tindo
Commission nnd Hie, President havo con
sulted together ns to the course to be pur
sued by tho body as diicotor general of the
business of tho nation. It was ugrccd that
sensational attacks on business methods
would not bo attempted, ns something in tho
naturo of a soothing syrup seemed moro nec
essary. "Wo hope," said Chairman Davles,
"to bo a renl benefit to all business men
everywhere In tho United States."
That is a big job, and yet It can bo ac
complished by tho simple expedient of toll
ing tho truth. All tho commission has to
do Is nail tho lies to which muck-rakers have
given currency nnd prove by Its own Inves
tigations that honorable, not dishonorable,
methods aro tho ones which have earned
success In tho United States. When a largo
part of tho people become convinced pros
perity Is not a moral wrong; that a compe
tency Is cvldenco of ability Instead of thiev
ery; that tho acquisition of property is a
praiseworthy thing; that tho material well
being of citizens Is of very great Importance,
and thnt money In tho bank Is better than
dally visits to souphouscs, much will havo
been achieved.
Tho big thing for tho Federal Trndo Com
mission is to glvo somo publicity to tho truth
In n. word, to bo constructive instead of de
structive. Sauce for the Gamier Served to the Goose
A BOSTON probation ofllrcr has discovered
, that there are two sides to tho home
making question: tho man's side and tho
woman's side. With disgraceful lack of gal
lantry, ho has declared that tho woman who
neglects her home ought to bo subject to
arrest, Just as tho man who spoils Its pcaco
by becoming intoxicated Is llablo to public
discipline.
But why not? Is tho man to blanio for
everything that goes wrong? There nro
statisticians who maintain that as much evil
Is dono by slovenly housekeeping us by tho
saloon. . Of course, they are mistaken, but it
is unfortunately truo that when a man has
to chooso between tho exhilaration to bo ob
tained from alcoholic spirits and tho depres
sion that comes from going homo to a slov
enly wife and a biting tongue, he chooses tho
exhilaration, forgetting the after effects. But
this does not justify the mnn, and thero Is no
Justification for tho woman's Incompetence.
Tho homo can be preserved -when both par
ties work harmoniously toward the same end,
accepting the responsibilities and tho burdens
as the price to bo paid for Its preservation.
1.1 fo Is Just ono opportunity nfter another.
Js'o dinner Is dry that tho Governor at
tends. Obviously the Smyrna figs will have to
come from California.
New Jersey must bo Democratic. There Is
a threatened deficit of about a million and a
half.
It now appears that Europe will get rid
of Turkey long before the United States gets
rid of Thaw.
What do we want with a navy? Tho Brit
ish ships seem to be taking care of our mer
chantmen. Being opposed to transit Is very much like
having a 14-lnch gun when your enemy is
armed with a 16-Inch affair.
A peculiar thing about the situation In Eu
rope Is that londed guns are doing far more
damage than unloaded ones.
If a one-legged man can vote eight times
in Terre Haute, how many times can a two
legged man vote In Philadelphia?
There might have been peace In Mexico
long before this if a certain orator In the
United States had not talked about it so
much.
It niakeu some difference how England
treats the crews of captured submarines, but
the Important thing Is how the submarines
treat England
The Interest In baseball In this city will
be veiy materially Increased when It Is pos
sible to get to the grounds for1 a nickel and
get there In a hurry. So much for rapid
transit.
The Athenians have been nn excitable peo
ple since the record of history runneth not
to the contrary,. But the King probably
knows more about Athenian history than
Pericles did.
After all the talk about QentMling the elec
tion of "Uncle Joe" Cannon on ths ground
of fraud, tho Department of Justice an
nounce that it Is unable tp make out n ease.
When "Uncle Joe" is defeated it's a vaca
tion, not a retirement.
It ray b remarkable that the British
bavaI guns can bombard the Dardanelles
forts IS mile away, but this acblevamsm is
trivial l comparison with that of the local
optionistii who aro pouring hot ot into
HrrWMur from every corner of J?eiyl
vania regardless of the distance.
NEW CRISIS IN
THE NEAR EAST
On tho Fighting; in the .Dai'dnnelles
Hangs the Fate of the Hapsburg
PowerFall of Turkey of Little
Comparative Significance.
By PRANK H. SIMONDS
Author of "Tho Great War."
f7ic ni Helen by Mr. Nlmonds Interpreting
the events of the fliironciin conflict arc gcif
erallg aeknoicleiliial to surpass anil similar
u-oik In America. They arc distinguished bj(
their Informational raluc, bu the writer's
compichcnslvc knowledge of the historical
end social background nf the tear, and by his
power of pcnrttallng the superficial aspects
of lis successive, stages to Us ictily ilfiniil
noting facts and Implications.)
IT l.S easy. It Is natural. In the present crisis
In the Is'ear East to permit tho details to
obseute the gr. iter fact. Thus tho Cabinet
crisis lu Athens, tho mobilization orders In
Solln, the unrest lu Rome and Bucharest
arc all but Incidental manifestations of tho
single major Incident. After flvo centuries
thn wholo face of tho Eastern question Is
elinnglng tn the tune of tho revolllo ot the
allied guns mi the Torts nf tho Dardanelles.
Viewed from tho Western standpoint tho
Great War Is n contest between rival nn.
lions, erne mole manifestation of jealousies
ns old as modern history, Jealousies between
peoples who havo contended for many cen
turies for European supremacy. But viewed
from tho Balkans It Ik a final stop In the
libeintlon of rncrs which Turkish tyranny
anil Euiopcan rivalries Imvo held in subjec
tion for moro than llvo centuries. It Is n war
nf Independence ns unmistukablo us any in
human history.
Sentence of. Death
A gcuernlloii ago Europe, sitting about tho
table ill the Couglcss of Herlln, condemned
Hip nnlhiius to misery, to agony, to servi
tude. The senleiice of death was passed be
causo the ambitions nf the British, tho Aus
trlans mid the Russians conflicted. Millions
who had fought for liberty, who hnd de
served It, millions f Heibs, of Greeks and ot
Bulgars, were given over to tho Turks, lest
Russia or Austria might unduly profit by
their liberty, or Eugliind'H pathway to her
Indian Empire be Imperiled by Russian pos
session of Constantinople.
Three years ago the Balkans broko from
their servitude, and once more, with tho samo
courage, devotion nnd with new efllciency,
assorted their national rights. On tho battle
fields nf T.nle Uurgas and Kumanovn, on tho
hills above Knlonlcn, these thrco races earned
liberty.
But Europe, Immobilized by rivalries whllo
tho first lialkuu war progressed, found lef
ugo In Intrigue and chlcano when the wnr
was over. The Balkan Confederacy wkb
shattered to suit Austrian purposes. The
Turk came back to Adrlnnoplc. Among the
Allies of yesterday there was- created a
hatred moro bitter than that each had felt
toward tho Turk.
In 1913, as ut Berlin, Europe to .servo its
selfish ends, again passed sentenco upon tho
millions of tho Bnlknn. But this tlmo tho
sentence did not run. Tho answer to Aus
trian intrlguo was inndo at Sarajovo, and tho
nssnsslnntion nf tho Archduke was tho sig
nal to bring down upon Europe north of tho
Danube nil tho agonies It hnd visited upon
tho Serb, tho Bulgar nnd tho Greek.
The Poisoning of Europe
Today tho fleets which nro opening tho
road to Constantinople nro also clearing tho
road for a now, a better Europe, slnco they
nro making posslblo tho liberation of tho
races of tho Balkans, whoso misery has1 been
llko an Infected limb slowly generating poi
son, which in .tho end was disseminated
through the whole European body.
If Bulgaria, Greece, Servla, Rumania can
not composo their jealousies; if to Bulgaria
enn bo returned tho lost children of the prov
inces taken by Servla and Rumanlu; if tho
old Balkan Allianco can bo restored, under
tho guidanco of tho sea Powers, thero may
vanish from tho chancelleries of Europo tho
greatest of nil international problems.
Yet thcio can bo no mistaking the wider
aspect of tho wholo question. The Turk Is
about to surrender tho last of his stolen
lands. Ho Is going back to Asia. But tho
Eastern question does not begin at tho Dan
ube. Tho liberation of tho Greek and tho
Bulgar docs not close tho fight of tho Serb
nnd tho Rumanian In Austria for liberty. It
does not dlsposo of tho question of tho Czech,
tho Slovak and tho Slovene.
Eastern Question Moves to Vienna
Rather, It seems accurate to say that with
the going of tho Turk the Eastern question Is
removed to Austria. What the Allies are
seeking to accomplish at the Dardanelles Is
not merely tho overthrow of Turkish power
in Europe, with tho Incidental liberation of
tho Balkan peoples, but the destruction of
the foundation of tho Hapsburg power, of
tho Central European Alliance.
Tho fall of Constantinople will be n fact
only less considerable for tho Austrian than
for tho Turk. It will provide the chance for
settling the quarrels between the Balkan
States, and this settlement will release Ru
mania ind Greece, who can thereafter Join
their Servian ally on the Hungarian frontier.
Not less Important must be tho effect of
allied success upon Jtaly. Already her peo
ple aro Impatient at the delay which has kept
Italian troops out of the Trentlno and Italian
warships from Trieste and the Venetian
cities of Dalmatlu, Italy, Rumania, Servla,
are thus longing for tho lands Inhabited by
the people of their own race, but ruled by
the Hupsburgs. Greece hungers for her
share of Asia Minor and hopes to see Aus
trian ambition to rossess Salonlca finally
shattered.
The fall of Turkey Is of little real moment
Jo Europe now. Her exile has been too long
discounted to excite great interest. What Is
vital to remember Is that the fate of Vienna,
of Austria, may be settled under the walls -of
Byzantium. The deoislon of the great war
may be had not In the North Sea, but on the
Golden Horn.
INCIDENT OF THE SIEGE
Turkish Fleet Took Land Voyage Into
Golden Horn in 1453,
Constantinople, for commercial, military
and political reasons, is a natural capita.
For 1100 years and moro it was the govern
mental seat of the Roman Empire of the
Qast. At the middle of the 16th century the
empire had shrunk to a small district about
the city, and Muhammad felt that his hold
Inge in Wurope were unsafe so long as Con
stantinople remained In other hands.
An incident of the etege of 1453 ie of in
terest at the present moment, when Con
stantinople in the objective at the allied
ueet agnung us way tarouga tn uarua.- j
t
r
" V' -
:"V ,. I
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ncllcs. Tho city is located on the hilly promon
tory washed by tho Sea of Marmora, the
Bosporus nnd tho Golden Horn, a. narrow
crescent-shaped inlet about four miles long
and from ono to four miles wide. The slcgo
began early in April. The first attacks on
the lnndwnrd defenses failed. Genoa nnd
Venice, whoso commcrco tho success of the
Turks promised to destroy, had allied them
selves with the crumbling Greek Empire and
their fleet managed to run tho gauntlet of the
Turkish ships nnd to throw succor Into tho
city. Chains stretched across tho lower end
of tho Golden Horn prevented the entry of
the Turks. Unless a double attack could bo
mndo from tho harbor as well as from tho
land tho reduction of tho capital appeared
hopeless.
Undaunted, Muhammad adopted a strata
gem which had been repeatedly practlcod
by the ancients. He constructed across tho
Isthmus from tho Bosporus to tho upper
part of tho harbor, a, dlstanco of 10 miles, a
road or well-greased planks; and In a slnglo
night, with tho help of rollers nnd pulleys,
seventy light vessels climbed over hill, sailed
across tho plain and wero launched In tho
upper harbor. On tho 20th of May tho city
fell. For tho arms of tho now stato Muham
mad adopted tho familiar cresctnt of tho
Golden Horn.
HO, FOR THE GARDENS!
From tlie Chicago Herald.
Breathes there a man with soul so dead
Who to hlmrelf hath never said
' I'd llko to plant a garden?"
We unhesitatingly say no. The desire to plant
and work a small, personal garden springs eter
nal In the human breast. During the winter
season It lingers In the background of consclous
npcs nnd perfumes oven the steam-hented air
with tho gentle thought or spring. Enrly in
March, though the landscape bo still robed lu
snow, it Inspires earnest study of seedsmen's
catalogues and their pictures. And when spring
really comes what words can set forth tho
strength with which It seizes hold of the urban
population?
What the citizen of Chicago ought to realize
Just nt this time Is that this Is not a guilty de
sire for things ono should not havo, but a most
valuable human impulse. It is tho ono Impulse
of tho season which the urbanlte should follow
sublimely wherever it may lead. Even though
It lead only to a small back yard or to a plot
even smaller It Is a good impulse and should bo
trusted,
There's health In It. There's health because
there Is physical exercise In the open air and
relaxation for the mind. There's occupation for
the children In It.
Children like nothing better than to see
things grow. They ncqulro a personal Interest
In the various plants and In following their
career.
And there's money In It, strange as It may
seem. One Wednesday tho Herald printed a
list showing the net profits young farmers In
Chicago had realized from small gardens. Look
It over. You will find some surprising figures.
Hut if you manage only to supply your own
fimily with fresh vegetables during the sum-
mer you will havo cleared a good amount and.
what Is more, havo had better than the market
often affords.
The plan to have Chlcugoans seize this oppor
tunity for health, happiness and profit for them
and their children has been received with favor
on all sides. It Is planned to have demonstra
tion plots In the parks nnd other places, where
the urbanlte can get all the Information he re
quires, po once more and all together "Here's
to thousands of new small gardens in Chicago
this year!"
THE SOUL OF AN ARMY
From tho Youth'i Companion.
The soul of the canal army lived, of course,
n its American contingent. In that brigade of
about tJOOO men were embodied the enthusiasm,
zial and patriotic devotion that carried the
great Cask to success. Virtually every man In It
felt such pride in his work and was so thor
oughly absorbed in It that he believed in his
soul that without him the building ot the canal
would receive a serious check. That was not
conceit, but the conviction that "we are all
doing this together, and every man of us must
contribute every ounce of his power to win."
And every man did contribute every ounce of
hla power. Visitors were struck with tho uni
versal habit among Americans ot all ranks In
the force of saying, "We have done fhls," "We
are going to do that," "We will have the canal
done on time.'" They never wearied, never
doubted. They knew they should succeed be
cause they had unbounded confidence In their
leader and faith In his ability and Justice.
A KING AND AN ANGLER
From Anwers.
Victor Emmanuel, King of Italy, Is a keen
fisherman, and spends, hour alter hpur with
his rod, though the best of luck does not always
attend his piscatorial expedition. Once, after
several hours' angling had brought him only
three poor fish and he was returning to the cas
tle, lit Has met by a peasant with a magnificent
catch of trout "You seem to b no great fish
erman to judge by your catch," commented the
peasant "I should sa you were about as lucky
as the king ' "Why?" inquired hi Majesty
' oh, ' replied the peasant, "he thinks a great
deal of himself as a sportsman, but Jit is a poor
i much more fit to be u. fctag tfean a fisher
man ja?
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BEST THOUGHT IN AMERICA 1
DIGEST OF THE MAGAZINES
(1) World's Work "Do Wars Really
Cost Anything?"
(2) Atlantic Monthly "The Cost to
Humanity."
(3) Metropolitan "German Frnnce."
(4) Review of Reviews "German Ideal
ism and tho War."
ON ACCOUNT OF WAR
THERE are so many debits to war's ac
count, not only tho obvious Items of homes
destroyed nnd cities burned and women rav
ished and men killed, but so many moro subtlo
consequences which appear for reckoning
only gradually that It is never posslblo to
balance tho account books with any accuracy.
Tho scaro hcadllno stago of this war Is
temporarily over, and our Incredulous sur
prise has given way to sad nnd disillusioned
acceptance. Having satisfied our curiosity
with copious descriptions, tho minds nnd
imaginations of writers and editors havo now
turned to the more analytical phases of war
fare, such as tho actual and ulthnato cost
of war. Thero is an effectlvo nnd striking
contrast of antipodal points of view on this
question In two of tho March magazines. Is
war an Irreparable loss to civilization, or does
It provide Its own compensations which suf
fice to balance the debit account?
Tho optimistic position that war has its
grim advantages Is cleverly presented In an
article by T. H. Price In World's Work (1):
Asldo from tho loss of human life, tho real
economic waste of war is represented by the
powder and projectiles used, tho buildings
wrecked, the crops ruined nnd tho horses
killed or rendered useless. Most of tho money
that Is spent In war is for what may bo called
overhead expenses tho wages of men unpro
ductively employed, tho movement and feed
ing of troops, uniforms, nrtlllery, guns, aero
planes nnd warships. Tho cost of all these
things, being disbursed through ono agency,
the Government, bulks large in tho public
eye; but Is it, in the aggregate, much greater
than the total expenditure mado through
myriad agencies In time of peace for imper
manent and unproductive tilings? In an
economlo sense, Is tho purchase and main
tenance of an expenslvo automobile any less
wasteful than the purchaso and maintenance
of an artillery gun carriage, provided the
cannon Is not used to destroy life or prop
erty? Is a military uniform a less productive
Investment than a dress Btilt? Is the move
ment of troops en masse moro wnstctul of
wealth than the annual heglra of the work
ing millions of this country for their summer
holiday?
The chief difference Is that In wartime
the people pay tho expenses through taxa
tion and deny themselves many pleasurable
luxuries for which they would pay directly
out of their own purses If there were no war.
Thero aro no statistics on the subject avall
ablo, but tho reports that come from Europe
Indicate that economy Is now universal,
Tho estimated cost of tho war for six
months is six billion dollars. The population
of Europe 1b 450,000,000. If the average ex
penditure for unnecessary and unproductive
thtngs has been reduced JIB per cnpltn, the
costs of the war have been paid by saving.
On the Debit Side ,
Mr, Trice seems a bit arbitrary in his valu
ation -ot human life, generally admitted to be
a considerable factor In the cost of war, when
he dismisses It wth the phrase, "Aside from
the cost of human life," Herbert Horwlll, an
English journalist, takes It more seriously ip
his article In tho Atlantic Monthly (2), which
Is really based on an acceptation of the
spiritual values of men's lives and potentiali
ties as being on a par with moro material
Items, such as horsepower and explosives
consumed In battle.
Even when satlstlcians have completed
their estimates ot war's products and by
products, their figures will come far Bhort
of an adequate account of the toll levied by
the war upon the civilization of our own and
following generations.
A single instance Will suggest considera
tions that can find no place In any statistical
table. Prof. Paul Ehrllch Internationally fa
mous as the discoverer of salvarsan gives
much of the credit for that discovery to a
colleague. Doctor Berthelm, the greatest re
cent authority on organic arsenic compounds.
Doctor Berthelm wdBone of the first German
soldiers slain in thereseut war. It Is not ex
travagant to say that the bullet, or shrapnel,
or bayonet that killed Berthelm killed also
an unknown number of future sufferers of
all nationalities whose lives might have been
saved by the discoveries he would have made.
An infantry officer at Jhe front has de
scribed in a letter home the effect of the
shells from the big German guns, which more
than once burled whole sections of men in
the earth of the parapets. "Some of them,"
be writes, "took no harm, and we dug thtm
out and used them again. Others died being
torn to fragwenu." "W dug them out and
if
used them again" thnt is n phrase to stick!
... uuun luiiiu in reiiecimg on the emploj.
meiit given by wnr to somo of the finest
spirits or our time.
Any ono who has over listened to the magic
of li rltz Krolsler's playing will Indeed wonder
at tho ninHnnag llmf nmiM fin.t .... i,.ii ....
for him than to send him Into the field t
oicrij iiibiii aucr nignt in wet grass and
then Into tho trenches to bo ridden over and
huuiiucu Dy a uossacK lancer.
John Reed tolls a war story In tho Metro
politan (3) Which EIVOS a Vivid Honsn nf M
liumari nature functioning along tho same u
ever, wmi an us inconsistencies and para.j
doxes. He was with tho German army: j
You could find no animosity against thi.
jic-nuii unu not inucu respect ror them. TciJI
not only theso moil, but officers in other1!-!
iuuecs, ioiu mo mat isngllsn and Gernmiijl
tanvu nu mure quarter to ono nnotiicr, tna
..uvj.v .". iiiuiu JJUOUUV18, -
Yet there remained tho wonderful story of,
tho Christmas truce whero English and Ger-,
man and Gorman and French visited on j
another's trenches and even exchanged gifts.?
j no &axons were in trenches somewhere not
fnr fpftm nlxilmn. nn eti.l.tmna T,.. h.l.
Ppfltinll unllllAI, s.nnnil.n nnnlnB .t... man.. J
.v...w. uviu..d ui;uoik,-, tLf,a.l!Ot. Uiu vuut-,
mands of their officers, sent an envoy under .
a whito flag to ask for n truco on Christian ;'
Day. This tho Saxon officers refused. But on
vurisiiiuiH morning mo caxon soiaiers oc-t
ciuiuu uiu uuug in spue ot lUB ouicers; auaq
.lln f.l... ...inn.!.... !.., It .... I.. 1. . t. !.. In.3
and increasing friendliness for six days, untl
finally tho mutinous regiments had to hj
wuiiuruwii irom uoui siues,
Germany Discovers Her Enemies
Ono of tho most subtlo effects of war U ti.
necessity for self-Justification which It fores
upon both sides. It Is at first confuslnff Io
see tho intellectual leaders of modern thousnt,
arguing from identical premises to opposlti
conclusions, according as they aro Frencii;
or German born. Ono of the greatest and
most original thinkers of tho day, Prof. Ru-;
dolf Eucken, has just written some phllcH
sophlcal reflections upon tho war, which m
translated from tho Illustrlrte Zeltunjr If1
tho Review of Reviews (4):
This year has broueht us experiences boll
sad and joyous; the sad fortunately ore froa
without and tho Joyful from within. Then
has been n notable swliicr of tho Dendulua
with regard to our relations with fowling
countries, wo wero Justified In benevwji
that wo possessed, if not the love, at any rlttj
tho esteem, of tho great majority of nations;
now wo aro not only forced to suffer the enyl
nnd hate of our direct opponents, but eteai
among -neutral peoples so much dlsaffecuM,
against us has been displayed, Buch J
willingness and Inability to put themselvM
our place, that It is very clearly shown b
foreign we havo remained to the others de
spite all external points of contact. j
For example, wo had recently establish
a multiplicity of cultural bonds wth Amtf-S
lea, and now there como to us thence ow-;
whelming expression of a hostile nature-, wfc
also had behaved ourselves to bo In a clos,
community of culture with French SwIU
land, yet now Geneva seems to have becomj,
ln defiance of Swiss neutrality) a very
of agitation against Germany. But .wl!rJ
such misunderstanding and such Iff?
rages against us in tho outside world,
need have no fear, for this year has snow
a mighty strength in tho German PffP";
strength that none of its foes would MB
dreamed of attributing to it, Jl
The war was forced upon our PePj9jH
foes who, envious of our growing Brat?j
havo long cherished sinister plans. W :!
did not accept this necessity with eh?ns
groans wo Immediately transwrmj"
fate Into the deed of our own free wU1-tu
this whole position was new and the weapg
forged against us hitherto unheard ;,,
past can offer us no counsel; we muss s
on our own feet, discover new paths, '-j
new forces our life has b$M5
that chain of the past ana stanas W)iv.., -
the present.
THE PILGRIM
Give me my scallop-shell of quiet
My staff of faith to walk upon,
My scrip of Joy, Immortal diet;
My bottle of salvation; ,
My gown of glory (hope's-true gaugw
And thus I'll take my pilgrimage.
Blood must be my body's 'balmer.
Whilst my soul, a quiet palmer,
Traveleth toward the land of Heaven.
No other balm will there be given. -
Over the silver mountains,
Where spring the nectar fountains,
There will I kiss
The bowl of bliss,
And drink mine everlasting
Unon every mllken hill.
My soul will be a-dry before.
But, after, it will thirst no more
Then, by that happy, blissful "s
More peaceful pilgrims I shail see
That have cast oK their rag ot ly
Arul walk appjreiea freh i f ,1J4rS