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PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
emus ii. k. ctmtis. riinT.
Chfcrles 11 lAHIIngton, Vlcetriilant John C. Martin,
Secretary and Treatureri Philip 8. Collins, John D.
William. Director.
EDITOIUAL BOAnD I
Cries II. K. Cdti, Chairman.
P., It WHALBT Eiecutlre laitef
JOHN C. MAUTIN .Otnaral Hutn Manactr
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1'UILADl.U'IIIA. MIIMIAV, MAHLII II, 191B.
A man cannot bo content with what he has
When he knows that ho has been fobbed
of what ho ouahl to have had.
The Kniser'fi Reason for the Wnr
THE Crcclman Interview with tlio Gorman
Chancellor rovenls two notable facts. Tho
Ilrst Is tho splendid loyalty of Von Heth-mnnn-HoIlwcg
to the Kaiser. He speaks In
terma of warmest prulso of his master, mid
defends him with tho nrdor of a genulno pa
triot. This does credit to his character, and
It Justifies the wisdom of tho Kaiser in
selecting him for tho high post that he occu
pies, Tho second fact Is that tho Chancellor Is
nnxlous to remove from tho shoulders of tho
Kaiser the responsibility for starting tho
war. That decent respect for tho opinion of
mankind, to which Jefferson referred on an
Immortal occasion, led tho statesmen of all
the contending Powers to put tho blamo on
Fomo ono else. It li evidently an unpopular
war, even with those engaged In It, and each
nation Is Insisting that It was forced Into
arms. Tho German Chancellor holds England,
and not Russia, responsible for tho whole
thing. If the British had Informed Frnneo
and Russia that they must lot Austria
Hungary do Its will with Scrvla, Von Bcth-mnnn-Hollwog
says, there would have been
no war. So tho British tipped over the brick
which sent tho whole row down! It Is not
necessary to nrguo this point pro or con.
Hut It is Important that It bo put on record,
that there Is not a statesman In all Europe
who Is not heartily ashamed of tho Infamous
war, and anxious to apologlzo for It.
"Why Do You Fear Mc, Nellie?"
THERE Is not a politician in the city of
Philadelphia who dares say that ho Is
opposed to rapid transit. There arc a good
many of them who say they aro for It, but
not in ,tho way It Is possible to get It.
In tho first act of tho melodrama tho villain
throw Nelllo In front of nn approaching ex
press train. In tho second ho tossed her from
Brooklyn Bridge. In tho third ho shot nt her
three times at closo range, cet her house on
fire, threw a dynumlto bomb Into her car
riage and sold her to somo Chinese slavers.
In the fourth, being In lovo with her, ho
asked, "Why do you fear mo, Nelllo?"
And now tho gas-stcal advocates and franchise-grabbers,
oily with perfumes, throw
out their appealing hands and cry, "Why do
you. fear our transit scheme, Philadelphia?"
How could tho world got along without
liumor?
New Commission to Begin Functionating
THE Federal Trade Commission will soon
begin to functioiu.tc. Congress Is not
always In session, whereforo it was dcemod
wise to provldo a prodding instrument to
take Us placo during tho off season. So tho
country has a permanent commission of in
quisition and regulation, which. It Is antici
pated, will spread tho "Now Freedom" Into
tho farthest corners of private and success
ful business, with tho Idea of determining by
what right dividends aro being earned and
salaries paid on tlmo.
Tho seamen's law will bo effcctlvo In ending
whatever chanco there may have been for the
rehabilitation of our ocean-going marine.
There Is, therefore, nothing left to stab ex
cept tho enterprises which have managed, In
one way or another, to uirvive "tho Inter
minable Congress." What a lino thing it
will be, though, if this new commission for
gets Its ralson d'etre, conducts itself In a
sensible way and undertakes actually to en
courago business.
People who prefer bread and butter to fine
phrases would rejolco exceedingly were such
a miracle to happen.
The 'flleformed" Senate
NO NEW man who takes his seat In the
"reformed" Senate can fill the place occu
pied by Ellhu Root, of New York, or Theo
dore E. Burton, of Ohio. These two men aro
succeeded by Senators chosen In the new
way, which was to change tho most dis
tinguished legislative chamber In the world
Into a body representative of something bet
ter than tho States, namely, the "peepul."
But we were told that If tho Senators wore
chosen by popular vote such men as Root
and Burton would have seats there. The
electors would choose the ablest citizens to
represent them and the old abuses would
disappear.
Tho result cannot be whplly pleasing to
the friends of tho reform. In this State the
election of a Senator at 'he polls resulted In
prolonging the political power of Penrose and
bis machine, and in Kansas was followed by
the return of Curtis to Washington. Wads
worth, of New York, who succeeds Root, may
be an able man, but he Is not In tho same
class with the distinguished statesman who
la retiring- Tho New York Legislature
would have returned Root under the old sys
tem, and Penrose might possibly have been
defeated in the Oeneral Assembly here. The
country will have to worry a Ions tinder the
new system as best It may.
Hqw to Make Everybody Happy
THE oo-operation which will glve( the con
sumer a dollar's worth o'f food 'for wejsy
daiiar that he spends Is the kind thate
"lawn dweller Is looking for A psft8at
tb Ifttrmera' Institute in Horticultural Hall
Ua promised this kind of mutual helpful
ness. It la to come about theuglt the Rale
of tb products of the farm to the consumer
fut iirectly as polble. At present the town
Awalter rts about M WM' worth of farm
pM&m tor dollW, W to tbe
luu sarwm wk feUgU it d its way
EVENING
from tho field lo tha tabjo, Tho cost of dis
tribution Is responsible for much of tho high
cost of living. Tho farmer would doubtless
be content if ho could get BO cents for what
ho now sells for 85 cents, and tho consumer
would bp delighted to get for 76 cents whot
now costs him $1.
But when Is this result to be brought
n bout 7 The farmer or tho company of co
operative farmers who can accomplish It will
deserve the thanks of every producer and
consumer, nnd even somo of tho middlemen
may then find It more profltabto to go Into
tho producing business than to continue to
servo merely ns n go-between from tho field
to the dinner table.
The Governor's Glorious Guilt
THE local option situation hns clarified
Itself In tho two months that Doctor
Brumbaugh has been In nlllce, so that thero
Is ho oxcusc for ally misconception about
what Is Involved In tho fight.
Tho Organization, otherwise tho Penrose
machine, which refused to Indorse local op
tion In tho party platform, Is lining up with
tho Interests which nro seeking to prevent tho
counties of the Commonwealth from having
home rule. They wish to provont the temper
ance eoaimunltlci from closing tho saloons,
and they nro prepared to uso all the power at
their command to carry their purpose.
The Governor, who was elected on his own
locol option platform, Is calling to his sup
port tho Democrats and Progressives, who
also pledged themselves to local option In
the campaign preceding election. Tho Gov
ernor Is a Republican, but ho Is a Pcnnsyl
vanlan first. Ho did his best to align his
party with tho undoubted sentiment of tho
majority of ho voters of all parties. IIo
failed. But ho maintains that local option
Is not a partisan Issue In tho sense that tho
tariff Is partisan; and that It Is not a politi
cal Issue, save ns every device for securing
to the people tho right to govern themselves
Is a political Issue. If tho Democrnts will
align themselves with him in the fight for
homo rule on the lhiuor question, so much tho
better for the Democrats. If the Republican
machine chooses to align Itself with tho
whisky Interests In opposition to homo rule,
bo much tho worso for the machine.
Tho attempt to convict tho Governor of
party treason because of his appeal to tho
Democrats will fall. It Is possible, however,
to convict him of opposition to tho whisky
Interests. Ho admits it and glories In It. Ho
Is guilty of tho high crlmo of striving with
all his might to secure for tho peoplo of tho
Commonwealth tho legal right to oust tho
saloon when they tiro of It. This Is tho kind
of guilt that glorifies. To bo lnnocont of It Is
a disgrace which only a blind and stumbling
party organization could court.
Is New Freedom Despotism in Disguise?
Another evil Is Hint of buyers playing
ono manufacturer ngnlnst another, and tho
consequent cutting of prices to get busi
ness. THIS interesting statement does not nppear
In a formal defense of a combination to
fix prices, but in an attack by the Depart
ment of Commerce upon the manufacturers
of Montgomery County for what It describes
as their Inefficient and lax business methods.
Secretnry Redfield is not so familiar with
tho gospel of tho Now Freedom ns ho should
bo, or ho would not let nny such treasonable
statement go tiut from his ofllce. Tho con
sumer has been freed from tho tyranny of
thro trust agreement and tho manufacturers
have been forced to fight for their lives in
tho Held of free competition. Is this not
what the President has brought about by
his legislative program? Did. not he prom
ise tho country that this was what ho
would do?
Tho only Justification for this apparent
backfire from the President's own artillery is
that Secretary Redfield nnd the Administra
tion bellovo that the Government should fix
all prices and prevent price cutting. Tho
now anti-trust bill makes It a misdemeanor
to sell goods to ono man for less than thoy
aro sold to another, and It may soon bo a
penal offense to try to sell goods at all with
out first asking permission from somo bu
reaucrat In Washington. But It Is Incredible
that the New Freedom can bo only a dis
guise for tho old tyranny of tho mlddlo-ago
despotisms.
Value of Air Craft in War
IN A report of operations of his army In
tho field, during December and January,
Field Marshal French says, "Armies havo
now grown accustomed to rely largely on
aircraft reconnaissance for accurate Infor
mation of tho enemy, but tho effective per
formance of this service Is materially Influ
enced by wind and weather." Not as agents
of destruction, but as feelers for cannon; not
as destroyers, but ns tho eyes of armies havo
aeroplanes come Into their own.
Never before In tho history of war havo
opposing generals been so well Informed of
tho situation and movement of the enemy
as In tho present conflict. There Is little
chanco for surprises of any kind. Whatever
victories aro won must be won by hard fight
ing, with the Infantry rushing in to capi
talize the smashing of the artillery. The
Bhlps of the air have fully demonstrated
their worth In war, though not exactly In
tho manner expected. Their functions are
different from but In no respect less Im
portant than what was anticipated.
A stnglo good roads day a year is not
enough for a State of this size, with such bad
roads.
Talk of reviving racing In this vicinity "to
Improve the breed of horses" Is being heard
again.
There ought to be voices enough in this
city to supply two choral societies of 800 to
assist the orchestra in producing tho great
symphonies.
That actress-nurse who thinks that It Is a
crime against neutrality for Americans to
sell munitions of war to the belligerents Is a
pro-German.
It will take until March IS for the Con
gressional Record, appearing every day, to
print all the things said In the closing days
of the session. Talk is not cheap.
The Treasury Department believes that
there Is a drawback on automobiles. The
man who puts a mortgage on his house to
buy une has discovered that there is a flare
back. - ' I in i "
The snow has temporarily reduced the
number of unemployed, especially In the
early hours of the morning, when a man
would rather lie abed than get out and shovel
the walks.
The pupils in the Hill School, of Pottstown,
think that Lincoln was the greatest American
who ever lived. Some distinguished Ameri
cans now alive, who have a pretty good
opinion of themselves, do not attend the H1U
KefeucJ. or the vote might have been different
LEDGER - PHILADELPHIA. Mnv
THE HERO OF
THE ZEPPELINS
Germnn Count Who Invented Them
Served Apprenticeship in America
and Won Success Only After
Many Failures.
By JOHN ELFRETII WATKINS
TEUTON tongues utter tho name Zeppelin
with affection, but It sends n shiver down
tho spines of Britisher, Frenchman and Slav.
In It tho nclltrnl finds magic, for It spells
"pluck" with a big "P." Count Zeppelin Is
ns gamo a hero as figures In tho European
ratnclysm. Perhaps there Is none other who,
at threescoro years and ten, could come back
to begin life anew after n lifetime of suc
cessive failures resulting In utter ruin; In
deed, dependence upon tho charity of others.
That feat has been accomplished by Ferdi
nand von Zeppelin. Tho Fatherland loves
him for It. And now, In his 77th year, tho
nged count proposes to leap across the deep,
In ono of his mammoth shuttles, nnd pay us
a visit (which, ho assures us, will bo bomb
less). indeed, Zeppelin's nffcctlon for America Is
sincere. There Is n lot of sentiment behind
his proposnl tn como flying hither over tho
defiant Atlantic.
In Our Civil War
Ho first served his apprenticeship In mili
tary ballooning In or, rather, above this
land of ours. Whllo our Civil War wni rag
ing ho then a dashing cavalry ofllcor of 25
wan detailed by his army ns a wnr observer
to travel with tho Union troops. During this
service ho narrowly escaped capture at Fred
ericksburg. While attached to tho Army of
tho Potomac ho ascended In ono of tho Union
war balloons nnd observed tho enemy's move
ments, thereby receiving an Inspiration by
which his picsent Kaiser's army Is now
profiting. And hero wo havo another "Mnde-In-Amorlcn"
Idea being put to uso by our
warlike cousins.
A paunchy Teuton above medium stature,
Blsmarcklan In baldness of dome and fierce
ness of mustache, yet merrily quizzical of
eye, Is Zeppelin today. He gets his noble title
from among tho first of tho land barons of
Germany, and ono of his ancestors was min
ister to Frederick tho Great, who, In his hon
or, erected a monument at L,udwlgsburg
(whero tho present count attended military
Bchool before going up to Tuebingcn Univer
sity). Lako Constance, upon whoso shore tho
present Count Zeppelin was born, has mir
rored tho long series of pathetic failures that
but recently culminated In tho triumphs
which have made his name famous tho world
over. Whon but 18 ho began theso experi
ments, which early convinced friends and
neighbors that ho was a madman. Ho do
voted himself first to tho hcnvier-than-nlr
principle of flight, that which was to break
so many henrts and heads. Model after
model fashioned by his dextious hands was
sont fluttering Into tho wavelets of Lako
Constance. To watch contemporary inven
tors ho mado cxponslvo trips about Europe.
Tho Siege of Paris.
This period of futile experimentation was
Interrupted by his military mission to Amer
ica, nnd It might hero bo added (as a Bldo
llght upon his character) that after Lee's
surrender ho returned Into our northern
wilderness to discover tho sources of tho
Mississippi, but camo nearer to starvation
than to his goal. Returning homo, ho took
up arms against his country's present ally,
Austria, and soon after against Its present
foe, France. Across the French frontier ho
nnd 10 comrades mado a heroic dash on tho
very day war was declared. None of tho
others In the Intrepid llttio band escaped.
But what most thrilled tho plucky young
count during tho Franco-Prussian War was
tho sight of refugees escaping from besieged
Paris in balloons. This spectacle rewhettcd
that Interest in tho wnr balloon which Zeppo
lln had first gained In America. The ultlmato
result was abandonment of the heavler-than-alr
for the balloon prlnclplo flight. But be
fore theso later experiments could attain tho
stago of public demonstration tho count
reached his C3d birthday. IIo now began to
demonstrate how vigorously the human mind
can create after middle life. When theso ex
periments began ho possessed n mngnlflcent
landed estate at Gyslnr, Wurttemborg, und a
handsomo mansion In Stuttgart. Ho was
very rich. He faced no prospect of crum
bling fortunes,
In Franco ho saw the noted neronaut,
Renaud, fly a cigar-shaped balloon, whose
flabby body remained tho plaything of the
wind despite tho desperate efforts of Its
clumsy electric motor. About that timo our
papers were filled with glowing accounts of
aluminum. Zeppelin, returning to France,
was quick to take advantage of tho now
metal, of which ho now had wrought a light
shuttle-shaped framework of cantilever con
struction. Inside this ho placed a water
proof envelope concealing 10 separate bal
loons. At the same time he turned to his
advantage the light engtno perfected by pio
neers then experimenting with the automo
bile. As a result he perfected a dirigible bal
loon which, In theory, seemed to put Renaud's
to shame. Germany appeared to have won
another victory over France.
Yet scorn and opposition were still being
directed at the count by a large faction of
his own countrymen. He was branded a
visionary, a crank. Men of Influence were
warned to take no stock in him and, as these
pessimists predicted, his first dirigible was a
failure. Part of his estato had been sold to
pay for it. Discouragement emote him, but
he was quick to recover. He saw the de
fects that had caused the failure and de
termined to remedy them in another model.
Faced by Ruin.
More land was sold and soon Zeppelin's
second dirigible mounted the air, It made
a record flight of 900 miles, passing safely
through clou Ibursts, thunderstorms and hur
ricanes. T. .umph seemed within the In
ventor's grasp, but while the rejoicing mul
titudes were throwing up their caps It drifted
away from its moorings, unmanned, and
proved a ead failure. That was In January,
1906. The Count, although now 68 and gam
bling against poverty and ruin, staked his
'reputation on a third monster, which, after
showing great promise, fell a pitiable wreck
upon the Swiss shore o( Lake Constance, The
aged Inventor was nov In the very depths of
despondency. Every houiia and every acre
pf his once princely estate had been Invested
Jn failure. The papers published pathetic
pen pictures of his plight.
Upon a small pittance allowed by wealthy
relatives, he and his Countess were forced
to live in a four-roomed cottage In a remote
village of South Germany But his discour
agement was again of short duration. Ztal
OH to take another chance, he went up to
Bortta ami after a hard strung m.V
Ar i t
enough pessimistic friends In tho Reichstag
to put through a bill appropriating $125,000
for further experiments.
When tho Count was 70 ho contemplated
his fourth dirigible. The Government agreed
to purchnso It for half n. million dollars If
It should remain 24 hours in tho air, and
then land safely upon terra flrma. But after
a record-breaking 12-hour flight and whllo
anchored for repairs, tho noblo ship was ex
ploded by an electric spark generated by
defectlvo machinery.
Fortunately, this fourth dirigible had, dur
ing its remarkable flight, been nblo to re
store public confidence before the explosion
took place. A great fund was at onco raised
by popular subscriptions and tho Government
chipped in. Tho result was tho "Doutsch
land," which, after a long series of successes,
was blown Into a forest and completely
wrecked, her passengers descending from
tho trees by ladders; and next nppeared
"Zeppelin VI," whoso careless crow set her
atlro whllo sho lay In her dock.
Dcsplto all theso discouragements tho
Count was recently ablo to organlzo a cor
poration with $3,000,000 capital and to build
an Immense plant endowed with more than
$1,500,000 of Government money. This plant
has for several years been turning out tho
successful military "Zeppelins" used In tho
present operations against tho Allies.
Even before tho outbreak of tho present
war Zeppelin Vivas tho most popular man In
Germany. So much had his aeronautical tri
umphs made him tho hero of heroes that, to
escapo ovations at railway Btatlons, he had
to confine his goings and comings to auto
mobiles or Zeppelins.
OUR NATIONAL CAPITAL
Lord Bryco Compares It in Situation and
Beauty With the Capitals of Europe.
IN a paper prepared for the National Geo
graphic Society, Lord Bryco, formor Brit
ish Ambassador to this country, considers
Washington In comparison with tho leading
capitals of the world. After speaking a warm
admiration for tho Ideal slto of tho city a
beautiful amphltheatro between hills that
aro rich with woods and declcrlng that
tho surroundings of tho American capital
yield only to Constantinople, with Its Bos
porus, nmong thp great capitals of tho world
for charm of setting, our friendly critic con
trasts Washington with Its rival cities
abroad.
"Whereas Nature was most lavish In the
artistry with which It modeled the site for
futuro Washington," he says, "Berlin stands
In a sandy wuste, perfoctly flat, with hero
and thero a swampy pond or lake, and
washed by a sluggish stream. Tho German
capital Is stately. Its streets aro broad. They
aro bordered by many noblo buildings, but
the envious never can bo beautiful becauso
of an ungracious Nature, Petrograd, the
great Russian capital, has but one beauty,
that of its splendid river, Nova. Besides this
stream, thero is but a flat, often waterlogged,
surrounding country, here and there dotted
with stagnant pools and swamps, and stretch
ing into an almost limitless distance, devoid
of feature. .
"Tho landscapes around Paris are agree
able, but havo nothing at all striking, noth
ing nearly so fine in the lines of their scen
ery as the hills that Inclose the valley In
which Washington lies, nnd no such charm
of such a still wild forest as Washington
affords. Nor Is tho Seine a stream which can
be compared tq our Potomac, So, too, is the
scenery of London, Madrid and Vienna be
hind that of Washington.
"The Thames, the Wlen and Madrid's
thirsty little streamlet cannot begin to com
pare with the beauty of the broad Potomac,
Chief among the advantages of these for
eign capitals over Washington Is their qual
ity of being ancient, an old age which gives
to them a certain number of picturesque
buildings, crooked old streets, stately1
churches and spots hallowed by the name of
famous men who were born there, died there
or worked there. This advantage the Ameri
can capital can hope to overcome with time.
"There are a legion of points In favor of
the young capital upon the Potomac, There
is no more beautifully wooded city In the
world than our national capital, nor one In
which the trees seem to be so proper a part
of the city's life. Further, where other capi
tals are crowded, some to a point of almost
Irremediable congestion, there is still plenty
of elbow room In Washington, still every op
portunity to make Improving changes in
buildings and in city plan. Washington U
npt a noisy commercial or smoky Industrial
city. The magnificent structures in Its ave
nues need not become sooted with the grime
of factories."
TO THE OVERANXIOUS
Tblnk you, 'mid all this mighty sum
Of thing forever speaking.
That nothing of lteflf will come.
But we mint t!lf be aeeUlngl
Wordiworth.
TT O 11
THE ALLIES ADVANCE
(1) North American Review "Tho Or
ganization of Public Opinion."
(2) Atlantic Monthly "Somo Political
Phases of Government Ownership."
(3) Hvorybody's "Guilty of Unemploy
ment. Who? This Nation."
PUBLICISM
IT IS a curious human phenomenon that tho
person who does not agree with you should
always bo Illogical in 'his arguments, blind
to fallacies, careless as to premises and ut
terly irrelevant in his deductions. Man of
parts ho may bo, holder of a dozen doctor's
degrees, publicist do luxe, with a national
reputation for brilliance, but naive, oven
puerile, In his reasoning. The curious thing
Is that this fatal flaw In hl3 logic ruins his
entiro stylo. Ho seems to havo lost his
"punch", since a year ago, when ho wrote that
delightful article on "Hoodoos and Voodoos
In tho Antipodes."
In splto of pitying him for his fatuous
feebleness, thero Is a certain fascination in
watching his misguided efforts. There Is al
ways stimulus, a sort of intellectual massage
for a conservative in reading radical articles,
and for radicals In reading reactionary propa
ganda. Thero Is a fair division of articles
on public affajrs and lntorests between both
sides In tho current magazines.
Under tho mild and generic title, "The Or
ganization of Public! Opinion," in tho North
American Review (1), President Hadley, of
Yale, represents tho conservatives with a
criticism of tho direct primary. Ho is cheer
fully optimistic in his description of the con
vention system, from under which wo aro
Just passing.
For tho past 20 years we have been trying
to give tho people a more direct volco In the
work of government. Wo have been experi
menting with measures Hko tho Initiative,
tho referendum, tho recall or the direct pri
mary. As wo look over what has been ac
complished by those means, we are surprised
to seo how slight has been their effect. Tho
new system has simply substituted one kind
of organization for another.
In 1824 wo overthrew the legislative caucus
as a dominant power In politics and left tho
field open for tho party machine. Today wo
aro overthrowing tho party machine and aro
leaving tho field open to tho press. And ac
cording as the press uses Its new power for
evil or for good, will the results of the ref
erendum and tho direct primary and other
Blmllar agencies of modern democracy, be
nlso evil or good. ,
Tho convention system has been distinctly
favorable to the nomination of businesslike
candidates for the principal offices. With
the substitution of the direct primary we aro
bound to lose something of this ndvantago.
Wo aro almost certain to see a larger num
ber of candidates who represent extreme
views on either side.
Are Wo Advancing Backward?
Tho conservative point of view 1b sounded
again In a warning against Government own
ership in tho February Atlantlo (2). Tho
article Is by Samuel Dunn, who Is editor of
the Railway-Age Gazette.
The fundamental trouble with Government
ownership Is that it reverses a tendenoy
which has marked the progress of modern
civilization and has contributed greatly
toward promoting It the tendency toward
differentiation of political and economic func
tions. Under the patriarchal system all po
litical, social and economic functions were
concentrated in the patriarch. From the
Middle Ages to the present time the differ
entiation of these various functions, while
often retarded, has never ceased.
Government ownership Is a movement
backward because It would reconsolldate
political and economic functions. Public own
ership often is advocated as the only ef
fective means of destroying the corrupting
alliance of big business and politics. But al
ready the two great movements for the puri
fication of politics and for the regulation of
concerns of a monopolistic or quasi-monopolistic
character have practically dissolved
this alliance and are raising the tone of poli
tics apd reducing the abuses in business.
To balance this defense of "thlngs-as-Is,"
there la a ringing arraignment of our gov
ernmental negligence In regard to unemploy
ment by William Hard in Everybody's (3) :
We knew 12 months ago that during this
winter, as during all previous winters, the
owners of the earth, the employers, the
leaders, would be obliged In the annual col
lapse of their leadership, to discard several
million of their employes, their followers
would be obliged to desert them would be
obliged to leave them leaderless and work
less. And we knew that in the ears of count
less harassed, hunger-hunted men the whis
per of irresponsible recklessness would sound,
and the suggestion of crime which brings
food, and of vice, which brings forgetfulness,
would make Its entrance, ana at the end of
the winter we should have ono more new
reeling regiment of shattered characters one
more new horde of those who were among
the unemployed but who are now forever
among the uneroployaples.
There are fourdevloes for blot
ting out this spectacle of leaders
abdicating and followers starving. These
devices are ascertained, established,
standing rusting for use. We knew them
hist winter. We knew thern the winter be
fore that. The committees of distinguished
gentlemen who are now investigating tbe un
.1
BEST THOUGHT IN AMERICA
employed, lodging them, souping them, ij
Ing them and asking them their n3
mothers' maiden names will discover Eoty
uuw wiiul wub uuctiuy lying reCOraM '
various reports on uncmployn'
Tho four devices recommended atj
scribed by Mr, Hard aro:
1 "Regularlzatlon," meaning the
latlng of their output by firms, so i)
spread it out evenly through the yean
ellmlnato rush and dull seasons.
2 Public employment bureaus.
3 Public works, largo scale public I
provomonts, of commercial and pn&
value, which at tho samo tlmo provlto
est work for thousands.
q unemployment insurance, as ucct
fully established In England and t!
countries.
THE EIFFEL TOWER
From ths Cleveland Plain Dealer.
Not long ago tho Eiffel Tower celebnidS
2oth birthday, and no doubt a lot of Puiit
looked up from their war bulletins Ion; etc;
to remark that It was pretty tall for III i;
tho umei xower is still tno stanainj th
Paris.
If this tallest of all man-made Btructiirtif
scssed tho human senses It could tell an lit
lng story. For a quarter of a century Iti
braved the elements, shrinking In thecoUt
expanding In tho sun, tho most extended t
mometcr by many degroes known to man. In
Its summit twico a day Greenwich roetn t
is sent out by wireless telegraphy and coai'-l
chronometers nro thereby rcgulatea.
Scientists hnvo found It useful In tictriiitrnt
variations of atmospheric pressure, and ticH
suit of their observations shows that tM U!
Is a mighty baromoter as well as thennoecH
It offers tho means for many other obswvitk
of an Interesting nature.
In Bhort, tho groat structure, which w a
signed as a world's fair wonder, a nubHBij
traction, a show feature, a marvel, atoj.n
developed factors of scientific value of vhidl
is doubtful it tho amoitious aesisner i
drenmed.
Now it passes Its quarter-century WrtliM
erect, rigid, sound In brace and Dolt, urcn
it stand.
WRITERS IN GORGEOUS RAIMEfl
From the London Chronicle.
terlzed M. Emllo Verhaeren in his yoatS,U
been common to many famous writers, ftj
raell as a young man startled the tqwniq
evening dress comprising green velvet tww
a canary-coiorea waistcoat, nnu iw -lace
cults. Dickens, likewise, was' fond s
cerium ui.Bi.b k.cc. ,w.o.w .,..,..- -- ,
in accompaniment with a vivid scarlet tie, e
i.- ...A.4 .. n r.ll.'c, ctiiritn nnA fllV Pi
sky-bluo overcoat with red cuffs. Evese
fearful and wonderful was uumas aptw
at an ambassador's reception In "a MM'
which were depicted a number of mtw
demons disporting themselves amid fun"'
yellow fire." "My costume was a greitc
cess," he wrotcV "overy one thronged jw
and made mucn ot me.
A PASTORAL
xjiero in u inn uco.ua ...o ..,.. ---- -
Shady with birch and beech and own
And brilliant underfoot with thousand P
Steeply the thlcKets to ms nooaa ucv
Straight trees in every place
ineir mien lopo uhdiw, , ,, t
And pendant branches trail their folUJM
tlnon his watery face. t
,
Swift from tho sweltering pasturage h &??
TT,.. . . i -ooir ihA nieaBantWf
Pictures his gentle purpose, as he g
Straight to the caverned pool W
made. a
His winter floods lay bare
The Btout roots in the air; ,,,.&
His Bummer streams are cool, wnm
have played -
Among their fibrous hair. J
A rushy Island guards the bj2 j
And hides u irom me nic"" - ,
peace ... js
The lazy cows wrench many a Bcen r
Robbing the golden market of the le? J
.- .-- 1 .. .Inn &2
Ann mucn uarfioa iiua.
By banks of myoaote; ,,vj
And scented flag and golden fleur-iw
Delay the loitering boat. .1
ij . v.iu oi ih uinnrt. where the SJ
Eddies away, are tangled mass on i rH
The water-weeds, that net tne in lj;
And scarce allow a narrow stream i
Where spreading crowiwv "-
ine drowning iioi.ui....-, A
Wavlng'the tassels of her silken s5
Below her silver stars. ,
Where Is the bower beside the silver S
O pool and flowery thickets, near
O trees of freshest foliage and treJSl Km
No sharer of my secret i anunt
Lest ere I come the while
- B" Jl ff " "Vr.u Ui P
or iem na uu..ir .....-.. --
Within your guardian s,BobM( pfe
EX LIBRIS
. . i i. -j. .... no T rnfl
jnan ma noo. ;m - -- -""wr
asi iaaiug iu u.wn - ,. a
I crossed a tale of how, In o"''.
At Arqua, wltn ma dooks uruu. - jm
The word to Petrarch, and with f 'S
t, Mntiv o-er his volume that
To Silence paid his willing lsnil
And they who found him whispered .Bjj
Thus timely from old comradeships gg
To Silence, aiao rise, f"!-;
Stillness ana omy asaa VTTtnto
And no light Mne save my ."S
,st of his una intent on ''"JrXt