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EVENING LBI)IBR-PHIL'ABEi;PHTA,i TUESDAY, MARCH 2, 1915:
PBESIDENT DENIES
EIGHT OF ALLIES TO
IGNORE WAR RULES
Cabinet Considers Formal
Protest on Reprisal Plan
of Britain and France to
Starve Germany by Seiz
ing Food.
WASHINGTON, March 2.
No nation has tlio right to change tiio
International rules of war. Conditions of
War Under which nations shall wage
warfare IviVo radically chiroscd, but tho
rules as laid down nnd subscribed by nit
Powers still exist and must bo lived up to.
Stripped of legal verbiage nnd diplo
matic assurances of good will, this "111
be tho answer of the United States to tho
latest announcement of Or cat Britain and
France. It Is tho position of tho Wilson
Administration and Tvltl bo adhered to at
all times.
President Wilson made It plain to his
callers: today that ha bellevoa tho Inter
national rules apply equally to all of tho
belligerent Powers of Europe.
Tho protest of this Government took up
most of tho tlmo of tho President and his
Cabinet today.
Secretary of State Bryun laid beforo
the session tho views of tho State De
partment officials on tho British proc
lamation of n blockade of German, nnd
it Is understood that tho Cabinet unani
mously supported t'ne idea of calling upon
Great Britain for further dctnlls ni to
tho methods by which It plans to enforce
tho blockade.
A tentative outlino of tho reply was
made, but the Administration will not re
veal its nature until tho formnl note has
been delivered nt London and I'nrK
The Idea of an embargo on exports of
foodstuffs from this countiy to all bel
ligerents was revived, but persons elosn
to the President again scouted It as the
did when It first was suggested A pro
posal .by' Senator Hitchcock, of Ncbrapita,
that tbe United Btntoi take the lead In u
Joint demand from nil the neutr.il coun
tries that (he belligerents ccaso tliclr In
terference with tho rights of tho nations
at peace, found much favor.
Senator Stone, chairman of tho foreign
Relations Committee, expressed the pre
vailing ottlclal view, when he asserted the
blockade would Injure American com
merce seriously. He stated his belief
that Ametldan shipping could and would
be Indemnified for all losses thus sus
tained. LONDON, March 2.
The British public today registered
hearty approval of tho Allies' new plan
to starve out Germany in retaliation for
submarine attacks. The London prexs
gave the Government's announcement ol
an embargo Its enthusiastic Indorsement
Everywhere it was evident that Premier
ASqultb struck a popular chord In his
speech in the House of Commons j ester
day. But despite tho Prime Minister's atuidy
declaration to Parliament and despite tho
equally strong position taken by tho
British press, a'n undercurrent of feeling
today carried tho opinion that an em
bargo decree ngnlnst Germany may never
bo TUtt into effect, Even In Government
circles today many persons were found
who wore unable to see how the Govern
ment could ever enforce such a vvldo
aweeplng and unprecedented policy in the
face of the combined protests of the
Btrongest neutral countries, including tho
Vnlted States.
Premier Asquith carefully avoided ty
ing tho Government to a hard and fnst
policy. "The British nnd French Govern
ments, therefore, will hold themselves
free to detain vessels bound to or from
Germany," was the Piime Minister's
phrasing.
CLOSER SUBMARINE RING,
GERMAN RETORT TO ALLIES
BERLIN, March I.
Germany' retort to England's Ueclara
tlon of a food embargo will bo a cam
paign of increased activity on the part of
submarines that ring Great Britain.
It has been noted hero that since the
ubmlsslon of a note to England and
Germany by the United States, suggest
ing modifications of tho attitude assumed
by each of the belligerent countries, the
submarines have been less active.
Whether this was due to tho belief of
tho German Government that n com
promise might bo effected through the
medium of the United States no official
would state, but that was the general
Impression hcr TIHh hope hn now dis
appeared England has declared "war to
the death.' Genuany .icccpts the chal
lenge.
DACIA TOWED INTO INNER
PORT OF BREST BY CRUISER
Cotton Cargo of Seized American
Steamship Still on Board.
BIIEST, France, March 2. Tho Amorl
enn steamship Dacia was towed Into the
Inner port here today by the auxiliary
cruiser Europe and anchored.
The cargo, which comprises 11,000 bales
of cotton, la still on board, and probably
will remain there until the prize court
acts.
The crow, Americans and natives of
other neutral countries, will be landed
and repatriated In conformity with tho
rules governing the treatment of ciews
Of captured vessels.
IRISH CHANNEL TRAFFIC
BANNED BY ADMIRALTY
WASHINGTON, March : -Consul Gen
eral Skinner, at London, today cabled tho
State Department that tho British Ad
miralty has Issued a statement warning
mariners that navigation is forbidden en
tirely to all ships In virtually the whole
area of the Irish Channel. The Admiral
ty alsp has decreed that all traffic wish
Ins; to proceed through tho North Channel
hereafter must pass southward of Hupli
Un Island between sunset and sunrise.
PORT OF PHILADELPHIA
Vessels Arriving Today
Str MUllnocket. Stockton Springa. paper,
Kyton fapsr Company, Charter.
Str. AUtem. TVoilw, nieruhaudlae. Southern
ISUamanlp Company.
Steamships to Arrive
FREIGHT.
Nltlll. Pram. &illa
BHl9)JtK;rg- Copenhagen . ...Jun 15
rviuiuaa ........,.,.., ieua
.Jan. 13
faatumoor
Jjf Kyrre
...Palermo
..Jan. SO
..Jan, S3
.Ian 9Q
..Stavanuflr
-. .. -.---.-- r. I
fiandtjend Naples ........ .Pt. 4
,iovaua w. ....... ....Algiers
.Ameicioyic uoueraum F56. s
Virginia, Shields Feb 10
Booea ...Narvik Feb. 10
Horn Nawport Feb. II
erIJ)d aotbenburs ....Feb. H
. BouenfaBi Ce. H
lUmblstpa Itajoge.....,,Poiy Feb. IS
Alexander Shields f-h t7
"entury , Calcutta ...Fab. IS
Jtt llrndl
Agua Anuria. .Feb. 18
rsooUnios Iluelva.
.Feb. 13
Missouri . liii4o23
Miilntitster Bltaange . llaiheer
janatnao Crlatubal ..
asm-ad Jlebr Bhlejda .. .
I'tjncte Uasoris ...
.Pe,
.Fh.S
.FUj. sj
Steamships to Leave
WvEunrr
tifaVS'
-fcJl
.'-,-as.U:u Uyiet
Name. fot Data.
irtoM .OweabageB Mar. 6
wrSlfcB -.OUmhw . . Mar. e
ibVS NlMejt..... TtjSggrt J7. ., Ma IS
n.3xa .taR&2e Hi, fe
... Uj4tt ,. , Ur
Official War Reports
GERMAN
Renewed ntacks by etrons French
forces In the Champagne region hav6
already broken down In most In
Btancos. Tho enemy's losses vvero
cnonnoin under tho German fire, In a
few places thcro were hahd-to-hand
fights yesterday. In nil of them our
troops bolnir victorious. They hold
their positions firmly,
In tho Argonne, tho Germans cap
tured several trenches. Eighty pris
oners and llvo mlno throvters were
taken. Attacks made on Vnquaola
wero repulsed by tho Germans.
Advantages gained by the German1)
In tho Vnsges during tho last few
days have been maintained in spltn
of violent counter attacks. The French
losses wern especially henv In an at
tack yesterday, east of Celtes.
Hufllan advnnces from the south
east nnd the south of Augustowo for
est failed. Night attacks mado by the
Itusslans noithcast of Lomzo and cast
of Plock were repulsed.
FJtENCH
Between tho sea and Alsne the day
was calm. Tho enemy mado an at
tack to the southeast of St. Elal, which
is south of Yprcs. It was repulsed by
the English forces
In Champagne there was n new bom
bardment of Ithelms. About CO shells
wero llrcd. Despite tho storm our
progress between Perthes and lleause
Jour continued throughout all of yes
terday, notably northwest of Perthes,
northenst of Mcsnll and north of
Beausejour.
As n result of this movement, wo
hold tho chief points parallel to our
front of attack.
Tt is now known that the forces of
the Prussian Guard, which mndo a
counter-attack against us during tho
night of Sunday to Monday, suf
fered extremely heavy losses.
In tho Argonne, In the sector of
Bagatelle and Maile Thorcse thero
were combatB with mines and by In
fantry In ,m iulvnncc.il trench which
we hnd leoccuplcd after having aban
doned it for a brief time. In the le
gion of Vauquols Wo have advanced,
held the ground gained despite two
counter-attacks, and taken some prls
oneis. In tho Vossco, .it La Chapclouttc,
imar Cellos, wo raptured some
trenches nnd gained 300 aids.
RUSSIAN
We concluded cslorday tho opera
tions around Przasnjs, whero wo de
feated nnd havo thrown back to the
frontier not less than two army corps
Tho Germans, hnvlng compolled tho
retreat of our loth Aimy, set them
selves the further task of Joining
battle with our troops operating suc
cessfully In the Mlawn region. Their
plan was first to drive back, by a
demonstration In force, our left wing
In this region, nnd then, apparently bi
ll headlong dash against our right
wing In the Chorellcn district, to
overthrow our troops In tho direction
of the Vistula.
AUSTRIAN
Successful battles havo been fought
In the western section of tho Car
pathian front. Several Busslan posi
tions vvero captured and 19 officers,
2u00 men, and much war material also
wero taken.
In tho region south of tho Dniester
the Itusslans havo been reinforced,
and stubborn bnttles nro proceeding
All attacks on our positions have been
repelled with heavy losses to the
enemy
In Polnnd and West Gallcla only ar
tillery engagements have occurrfd.
CZAK"S ARMY TRESSES FOE
BACK, PETROGRAD ASSERTS
German Retirement Forced Toward
Thorn and Soldau.
PETROGRAD. March 2
Alone a C0-mi!c battle front extending
fiom tho Vistula to PrzasnvAz the Ger
mans have now been pushed back for an
average distance of "0 miles. The enemy's,
retreat continues, nccordlng to dispatches
from Warsaw today. Tho new German
lines reaching 53 miles from Llpno to a
point near Mlawa, Is being pressed back
toward tho Piusslan cities of Soldau and
Tliom
Grand Duke Nicholas has discovered
unexpected weakness in the German lines
north of tho Vistula, the General Staff
declared today. To support his offensive
In the Ma.urlan Lakes region Von Hln
denburg diew heavily on General Fran
cols' army around Mlawa nnd on tho
German forces moving toward Warsaw
through Ploek.
These foiees are now mossed west of
the Nleinen, between Auguhtono and tho
fortress of CJrondo. The Russian armv
thnt lecaptuieil T'l anvils, opnintlug as
tho right wliirf of tho Russians noitlt of
Plock, Is sweeping tho Germans back In
the legion not th of the Vistula, accord
lug to officials.
Tho Mlawa-Llpno battlo Is the most
important engagement developing In the
west.
RUSSIANS REPORT (JAINS
IN CAUCUSUS AND ON SEA
Port of Khopa Wrested From Turk
ish Control.
PETROGRAD, Match 2.
The following official statement regard
ing tho operations of the Russian forces
In Asiatic Turkey was issued last night:
"Our troops operating In the coast re
gion yesterday occupied tho port of
Khopa (on the Black Sen, IS miles south
west of Batum). The port was of great
military Importance to the Tuiks."
Another statement claimed successes In
the Caucusus. It said:
"Our advance forces, driving tho enemy
beforo them, havo reached tho River
Khopatchal. There is no change in the
situation on the other fronts "
GGIUIANS AGAIN liOMRARD
IIHEIMS, ItEPOIlTS PAWS
British Ifepulse FJanders Attack.
French Advance in Champagne.
PARIS, Starch 2.
Renewal of the German bombardment
of KhelniB and maintenance of the
French advance against the Oermans In
tho Champagne region nro the two chief
features of thiB afternoon's ofHclal com
munique. The Germans made an attack
southeast of St. Klol, In Flanders, es.
terday, but it waa repulsed by the British
troops.
The operations In Champagne are pro
ceeding favorably for the French, though
they are working under enormous dim.
cultles because of severe weather condi
tions. GERMANS BLA&IED FOR MOTS
ROME, March 2. The Idea Nazlonale
says the Government has collected evi
dence which shows that the riots at
Milan, Bologna and Regglo Emilia and
the strike at Naples were organized by
German agents, who hav been syste
matically paying the Socialists and
Camorruts. The ringleaders have been
arrested.
TOO I.ATK TO CI.ASSIPV
DEATHS
KOMDOUl. Suddenly on February 31, 1918,
DAVID RQMB01.D. Jr., butUnd qf Cathi
iTlue Id Roiuboid taa Utnuioger), aged -I!)
ysr. RtUtlvw and frUad, aUa the dl
r tutr of tbo qnuii Enter prue a and X.
AMcUttoit a llw cuczrwjatlon ol Imj
iuul Evou. Cfeurcb . 4tn n.u4 Poplar ox
Itnlitd to Mtni tiu funeral rvivi oa
vt4wMjdar at i ggkws at Uar lata Mat
Atom jti fewtfe Kb t Iwtnwu ctlitK,
F-lflJj tay cap Tuli ovtuiag, s id 10.
MILLIONS OF BUSHELS STORED IN GRANARIES OP RUSSTA
Porcine of a pnssatre through
of miles, with a later opening of the Bosporus, will npnin link the Black Sea with the Mediterranean in
u feasible routo nnd release vnst stores of grain now held in Russia. Consequent sharp decline in the rec
ord price of wheat mny bo expected in the United States, while the Allies will be provided with a much
needed replenishment of foodstuffs. Russia has been, next to the United States, the greatest wheat export
ing country in tho woild; the war, however, closed the customary outlet for tho 1914 crop, of which only
12,071,000 bushels were exported, as against 103,054,000 bushels in 1013. Prom tho Danubian wheat belt,
egress for which is given by tho Black Sea, only 12,074,000 bushels wero exported last year, compared with
38,138,000 in 1913. The basin of the Volga, particularly tho governments of Nijni-Novgorod, Kazan, Penza
and Simbirsk, is tho graniferous centre of Russia, but tho wheat belt sweeps toward tho south. Odessa
is the chief centro of distribution, though other Black Sea ports have gigantic grain elevators. A recent
teport stated that some 113,000,000 bushels of wheat were already waiting at these ports for speeding ship
ment us soon as the Allies battered their way to Constantinople. Within the past three years Russia has
built a system of warehouses throughout its surplus grain country by which tho cereal ciops have been
carried much more safely. Movement to seaboard has been speeded. This fact will make tho supply the
more readily available if the Dardanelles can be broken through. Russia's armies aro largely moved to the
frontiers nnd railroads ate less needed for troops and supplies. Russia ha3 within the past five years ox
ported as much as 231,000,000 bushels of wheat and flour in a singlo year. A recent report that its lnnd
forces would co-operate to clear the Strait muy be the result of a necessity to find grain markets for that
country's surplus. Russia's charges on its enormous foieign debt nro constituted largely by its grain exports.
RUSSIANS RESUME OFFENSIVE
IN BUK0WINA CAMPAIGN
Evacuation of Stanislau Imminent,
Petrograd Believes.
PETROGRAD, March 2
Russia has now resumed the ofTenslvo
In Bukowlnu and southern Gallcla, on tho
extreme left wing of the 700-mllo buttle
fiont.
They have alieadi cuplurcd Sadagoia, a
few miles north of Czornowltz, tho capi
tal of Bukovvlna, and Kolomeu, a Gallclau
rullwny centre, vWille at tho naino lime
they aie bringing such heavy pressure to
benr on the Austro-Germnn forces about
Stanislau thnt the evacuation of this city
Is Imminent.
One report stales that the Austrian1!
havo been forced out of tho town Asser
tion Is madn that the main Austrlnn army
has been forced Into a dangerous position.
The Russians from tho StrvJ Valley at
tacked fiom tho west and rapidly defeated
all the Austrian tioops between Dollna
mi J stanislau. Another Russian column
advanced energetically nlong the left
bank of the Piuth and threatened the lear
of (he main Austrian quarters near Stan
islau, The Austrians aie now trving to
retraco their route through Koloinca
toward Bukowlna Their communications
aie In danger nnd a decisive battle may
be forced on them near the Rumnnlan
frontier. Fresh Russian artillery is nrilv
Ing at Povosiellcka, on the extreme Ru
manlun frontier,
'U. S. SHIPS CAN BE OPERATED
CHEAPLY AS BRITISH' BUSH
Witness Before Senate Shipping Lob
by Investigating Committee,
"WASHINGTON, March. 2 -American
ships can be operated ns cheaply as Brit
ish or other foreign vessels compelled to
employ crews in American poits, accord
ing to Irving T. Bush, president of the
Bush Terminal Company, of Brooklyn,
who testified before the Senate Shipping
Lobby Investigating Commltteo todaj.
Senator Sutherland, of Utah, described
the conditions contained in tho I.a l'ol-leitc-.M",aiiiIer
Seamen's bill, now await
ing tin 'luatuie of the Piesldcnt pel -milting
cichh of foreign vessels lo
leave tin. i emplojmunt In our pons lie
asked whethei these Kcamen would nol
then seek employment at the rate of
wnges prevailing in our ports.
Mr. Bush replied that they would and
that except for sentimental reasons of
attachment to some particular line, tho
aeamen would all demand tho American
wage, thus equalizing operating costs as
between foreign and American vessels.
Mr, Rush denied that the difference in
operating cost of American and British
vessels running between New York nnd
South American ports was more than 5
per cent. Ho added that u ship subsidy
was unnecessary, provided ships could bo
secured to fly the American flag
COLLIER CLAIMS PRIZE
FOR SINKING SUBMARINE
British Skipper Declnrcs German
Craft Was Rammed in Channel.
LONDON, March 2.
Captain John Bell, of the Newcastle
collier Thoradls, today laid claim to the
J2G00 prize offered by a shipping newspaper
to tho master of the first unarmed
merchantman that Bank u German sub.
marine.
Captain Bell reported that his shin
sighted the periscope of a submarine off
Heathy Head Sundny morning. Tho col
lier's course was changed, he said, and
she rammed the German craft, smashing
over her periscope. All hands felt tho
crash, Captain Bell said, and the sub
marine disappeared, leaving a trail of
oil on the surface.
The Syren and Bhlpplng Gazette, which
offered the prize, is Investigating the
captain's story.
123 Canadians Killed in Action
TORONTO, Ont., March 2.-An official
announcement today gives a total of 123
Canadian soldiers of the first contingent
killed In action up to date.
JiESOnXH
OLD l'OINT COMrOBT. VA.
X HOTEL CHAMBEHLI KF
OLD POINT COMFORT .
Booaltu at (AUK Mr. L S7
Foitr. CbMtnut and '-
12th Sta.) ltaymond & Wnitcomb Co, 1003
Chfitnut St i Thoa. Cook A Son. 13T H. Broad
St.; Hayes Dlcklnaon, 019 N. 13th St.: Alt
houaa Toura Co , 18J8 Walnut St.. or addraaa
Geo. F. Adama. Mr , Kortrcaa Monroa. Va.
Atlantic; City. W. J.
AtffiuTi!rS:S
viter. aun carlora, tri. batna, am.; .
tacla. tY.. dinnt ra, ercbaatra.
Enecllt Ha
us winy. I ta op ojy. Bocaiat.
J. K COCK.
imoWN'8-HILLS.IN-TUE-rlNE3, N. 3.
THE INN yof baUh. yitamra and rfen-
""' acton- yvorU raaort far
(Mlrlltl. UaJtr ntw wanaf atoam
1. U A 11. S. UIDDZ113.
& j jyw i
- -
the Dardanelles, wherein the Allies' fleet
GERMAN SHIPS PLAN
ATLANTIC RAID FROM
N. Y.5 SPY DECLARES
Charge That Naval At
tache Is Head of Plot to
Arm Interned Vessels
Made by Man Indicted
on Passport Case.
SOT YORK, March 2
Tho charge that Ucrmans In this coun
tiy nre planning to fit out 20 vessels now
interned hero with toipedo equipment In
older to make :i sudden raid upon Brit
ish coinmcrro in the Atlantic Is made
by Rlclmid Peter Stengler, who was in
dicted jesterday for obtaining a fraudu
lent passpoit and who accuses Captain
Boy-Ed, the German Naval Attache, of
ntteinpllug to send him to Kngland as
n. spy. In a signed statement In tho
Vow York American, Stengler saypt
"I have stated that emissaries of tho
German Imperial Government ' watch
overy outgoing and Incoming ship. Every
consignment to tho Allies Is reported.
All this infotmation comes either to
Captain Boy-Hd or another attache of
tho German Embassy.
"The matter which worries Captain
Boy-Ed most, however. Is his plan to lit
out a squadron of Hamburg-American
and North Gennun I.Iojd steamers In
Hoboken and South Brookljn for a sud
den laid against tho British commerco
of tho North Atlantic.
"A torpedo factory in Brooklyn is now
manufacturing a torpedo gun wl)lch,
mounted on tho deck of a vessel, makes
It as destructive as a submarine. To
outnaid appearance this torpedo factory
Is a machine shop It has been doing
business as such for venrs.
"I hnve been informed b agents of
raptaln Boj-Ed that these guns are
being placed nboaid the German ships
When the time ionics they t 111 tiv to
dash out of the Narrows under cover of
daikness and pursue their course along
the Atlantic trado lanes
"Tho torpedo gun as explained to mo Is
similar to tho ordinary cannon aboard a
The Numeral Keys
type, total and prove
simultaneously. How
this ends time-waste.
A user nritesi
"VVe purchued thia machine
principally foristuiBgourmonthlr
Uteroenti which uiually took
anynhere from three to fire dart.
ThU work ii norr iccompliibeii
In practically one dy' time."
Thii report is typical. Do
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imply mcam cutting out dreary,
coitly footing and proline;.
This complete correspondence
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ttrrtttb MalltJ,
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, I I diiSPia
Official Tjpewtittr P&satufPatifa ExfttUita
ml SP
REMINGTON
Adding and Subtracting
TYPEWRITER
(WAHI. AOQIHO MfCHAHIlM)
tfks
M Remington Typewriter Company M
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llllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllll
hns pushed lorwuru nuiuiy u
warship. Instead of nn ordinary shell,
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of course, have any mechanism propelling
a screw, like some other torpedoes. It Is
carried to Its goal by Its own momentum
"Of the 20 Get man ships In Now York
waters tho Vaterland is the flagship. It
Is coaled to fullest capacity. Fuel Is even
stowed in cabins. Divers havo cleaned
Its hull so that tho ship Is In perfect
readiness for flight.
"High German officials have their secict
headquarters aboard tho Vaterland There
they are protected absolutely against In
trusion. Cnptnln Boy-Ed holds frequent
conferences aboard tho Vnterland
"It is not planned to send the torpedo
squadron out until It becomes necessary
for Germany to strike her last blow This
of course Is directed at England She be
lieves England Is vulnerable because she
is Insular.
"Captain Bov-Ed and his nssotlates
never took mo into their full confidence
as to the exact plans for tho torpedo
armed merchant squadron. Potelblv Cap
tain Boy-Ed himself doesn't know exactly
where Its ships are to go
"But I do know that instructions came
from Berlin lo nrm the Get man ships
and hold them In lendlnres. No out
sider Is allowed within the Hamburg
American and North Gerninn Llojd
docks." i
AUSTRO-flERMAXS HURL
ATTACKS AT LUPK0W
PASS
Heavy Losses Result From Mass For
mations, Slavs Assert.
PETROGRAD, March 2.
In the Carpathians tho Germans and
Austrians during the last two days have
mado numerous attacks upon tho Russian
front near Lupkow Pass.
These assaults, as usual, were made in
mass formation, and as a result tho at
tacking forces suffered heavy losses from
the Russian artillery fire. All the attacks
were repulsed, officials report.
HALIFAX SCARED BY SHELL
HAM FAX. X. S, March 2. -A twelve
pound explosive shell, presumnbli fired
fiom one of the harbor forts dining tin
gel practice, enleied two houses In the
residential district here yesterdaj No
ono was In tne houses at the time. Pei
sons living In the vicinity were panu
stricken, thinking an enemy's ship had
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Keyatoua Itl.. Slain J90I
sss
III
stttmtiiuUj !
3
I ALLIES piFY U.S.
OF DECISION TO BAR
ALL ENEMY'S TRADE
Official Notes Declaring
Purpose of Seizing Ships
Are Presented to Secre
tary Bryan by Britain
and France.
WASHINGTON, March 2,-Secretary
Hrynn has received tho British nnd
rrench notes announcing the decision of
tho allied Governments to prevent nil
trado with Gormany. Tho notes nro
virtually Identical. Tho text follows:
"Germany has declared that tho Eng
lish Chnnnel, the north nnd west coasts of
Franco nnd the waters round tho British
Isles nre a war area and has officially
notified that all enemy ships found tn
that area will be destroyed nnd that neu
tral vessels mny bo exposed to danger.
"This Is in effect a claim to torpedo at
sight, without regard to tho safety of the
crew or passengers, any merchant vessels
under any flag As Is It not In tho power
of tho Germnn Admiralty to maintain any
stirfaco craft In these waters, this attack
can only be delivered by submarine
agency
"Tho law and custom of nations In re
gard to attacks on commerco havo al
wnvs presumed thnt tho first duty of tho
enpfor of a merchant vessel in to bring
It beforo a prlzo court, whero It mny bo
tried, whero the regularity of the capture
mnv be challenged nnd whero neutrals
mav recover their cargoes.
"Tho sinking of prircs Is In Itself a ques
tionable net, to bo resorted to only In ex
traordinary clrcuinstnnecs nnd after pro
vision has been mnde for tho safety of
nil tho crew or pnsseugeis. If there nre
passengers on lioaid the responsibility
for discriminating between neulxnl nnd
enemy vessel nnd between neutral and
enemy cargo obviously tests with tho at
tacking ship, whoso duty it Is to verlfv
tho Htnlus and chnracter of tho vessel
and cargo nnd to preserve nil papers be
foro sinking or even capturing it
"So also Is (he humane duty of provid
ing for tho safety of tho crows of mer
chant vessels, whether ncntisil or enemv,
an obligation upon overj belllgeient."
It Is upon this basis that nil previous
discussions of tho law for icgulntlng
wnrfaie nt sea proceeded. A German Hub
marine, however, fulfils none of these
obligations; she enjojn no local command
of tho vvnteis In which she operates; nho
does not take her captures within the
juilsdlctlon of a prie court; sho enrries
no prlzo crew which she can put on board
a pil?o; she usfs no effective means of
discriminating between a, neutral and
an enemy shl!; she does not receive on
board for snfctv tho crew and passen
gers of the vessel sho sinks, her methods
iza m j
11 To The Pacific Coast
tickets to the
be on sale at extremely low fares three
f months return limit liberal stopovers.
Make the
"Grand Circle Tour"
Go to California Expositions immediately and with
out travel worries by taking the fastest no extra I
fare train-"The Pacific Limited." J
Return via the North Coast Portland, Tacoma J
and Seattle and over the "St. Paul's" northern Jlllj
Hi
11
line the picturesque "Trail of the Olym
pian" -one road all the way the ,t
liilv
ai
Chicago, ilwaiee Ul Paul Ry.
iniik
Send for our literature
m
v
lliiii
MWMmMfairrF---r--'J'
The Panama-Pacific and
San Diego Expositions
Are Free to You
You can see these wojjd marvels and impres
sive sight: without paying a cent, Your every
expense from Philadelphia, and return will be
paid by the Public Ledger-Evening Ledger.
30 persons will take this big free trip. Let us
show you how. Now, while you have the
chance, fill out and mail this couppiv
CONTESTANT'S
'
'""S.'SSK..
Paclto CapoftionVou"8 " a
of warfare aro therefore ehtlrely outniju
tho scope of any of tho Ihternalit
Instruments regulating operations nelinM
commerce in time of war. "sainsi
Tho Torman declaration substitutes f
discriminate destruction for rcciil.i..!
capture. Germany Is adopting thS
methods ngalnst peaceful traders Zi
noncombalnnt crown with tho avowed ,
Ject of preventing commodities of iii
kinds, including food for tho civil sen,,
latlon, from reaching or leaving tho n?ii
Her opponents aro therofore driven i
fralno retaliatory mcasurcn In order i
their turn tb prevent commodities of n
kind from reaching or leaving German
These measures will, however, be '.
forced by tho British nnd French Govern!
tnents without risk to neutral ship.
to neutral or noncombatant life and in
strict observance of tho dictates of hii.
inanity.
Tho British nnd French Oovefnmentn
will therefore hold themselves free to iZ
tflln nnd tnkn lntn nnrf nlilna ....,.
goods of presumed enemy destination
ownership or origin. It la not Intended
lo confiscate such vessels or cargoes un
less they would othcrwlso be llablo to
nnd cargoes which havo Sailed before '
this dnto will not be nflectcd.
RERUN REPORTS HOLDING !
GROUND EAST AND "WEST. .
Successful Resistance Offered to Slav1
nnd Allied Offensives.
RERUN, March 2.
Despite ilerco attacks by tho French -and
Russian troops tho Germans liava
succeeded In holding their positions hi
the eastern and western theatres of war
according to nn official leport from lh ,
German General stare issued hero thtj
afternoon. It says that In tho Argonns
legion of Franco the Gcimnns captured
several trenches, while In the Ohnni
pagno legion the attacking French forces
suffered enormous losses
In tho eastern war theatre, tho Rus.
slans nio maintaining nn ofTenslvo move
ment, attacking tho Germans at night,
but those assaults aro being repulsed,
pai tlcularly near Augustowo, Ivomza ana
Plock.
Doctor Itcbcr Attacks Eye Quacks
Jinny cases of actual blindness have re.'
suited In misplaced confldonco In self
styled "eje specialists " This was the'
statement made Inst night by Dr Wcn
dell Rebtr, who spoke beforo a group o
physicians at tho Philadelphia Clinical
Association, 1520 North ICtli stret. Res
olutions were ndpottd Indorsing n bill
now uendhiB beforo the Legislature prov
vldlng that optometrists bo required to
take n special medical examination
"WOULD FREE DANUBE OF MINES
SOFIA, Bulgaria, March 2. Tho Bul
garian Premier has sent a note to th
diplomatic representatives of Austria
Hungary. Russia nnd Servia, protesting'
against the use of mines in the Danube
River. These have caused heavy damaff
on tho Bulgailan bank of the river.
entire Pacific Coast will
it will help you plan the entire trip addrtia
11 l T TTVTrrkT m i a -i
VJ. it. uxlllJlS.LUil, UUIl 1 iVgCllt.
BIB CHESTNUT STREET
PHILADELPHIA, PA.
'A,
ENTRY BLANK
- 191,.,.,,
SE,?38
contetant "e Pama.
Ik
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