2 j BOOTHS IBUDNOS PLACED ON GREAT WAR BY RUSSIAN STRATEGIST Colonel Shumsky's Fore- cast, Based on First-hand . Knowledge of East Zone, Looks Toward Speedy Ending of Struggle. By LIEUTVCOL. ROUSTAM BEK r In lh Nw "roth Horald. r NEW YOttK. March 1. rTha famous RusBlan military expert. ICblbnel Shumtky, has openly declared In tientilan preys that tho present war iwllrjii over In six months. r A man of irrent experience nnd strnteRl. cal knowledge, wlio has nevr been guilty iof putting forth exaggerated statements In connection with the situation In tho jfwaf areas, calmly and Jlrmly announces 'this conclusion. Studying tho Ideas of ' my nusslan colleague's, I come to this , Lji(AtrtM tti t rt1rtl Ut4t ilr t Vire t nlrnn ithe most remote date nt which tho end &of this terrible World-drama may bo ox- 8 pectod. ft'"My personal opinion Is that wo shall securo a triumph over our enemy earlier t'than tho dato fixed by my distinguished !' compatriot. I will give briefly my rea sons for this view. NUMBERS AND VlCTOtlY. 'The most skilful manoeuvring In tho battlefield In a modern war would be ai rway secondary to the moral superiority off the army and the nation concerned as lwoH as the equlptricnt and the number of the troops. The preponderance of men is a most Important factor In the present iX war, and In this lies the real superiority (i , or the Allies over their enemies. .-,- Clauzewttz himself hos acknowledged It, and In his books It Is premised that "the number of tho fighters presages tho victory superiority of forces Is Itself a p base of 'Victory In tactics ns well as in . atrategy." Thus we can say that the for- ef',mula ''superiority In forces" was tho rvma-ln base of the creators of the German (y. plan of campaign. gV ino lamous von aiouxe saiu, -we gJrnust concentrate the most numerous STforces, find tho enemy, and by the pre- j -. nnnrlAranpA nf nur trnnnn rlpfpnt lllm lit- i. .! l t h.a .. ttin iwn,tf nt f Vi a nnf. '-man General Staff for two years before &' the war wo shall note that vpeclal laws tTVero adopted In Germany In order to In crease the army as much as possible. ' The Germans have followed the doctrine 'of Von Moltke. They have found the armies of their enemies, but they have been unable to defeat them; on the con trary, they were defeated themselves. ' The first successful movement of the Gorman army on Paris depended, as I havo more .than onco pointed out, on tno preponderance of the number of their troops, nnd their defeats on tho Marno and Yser brought about the numerical su periority of tho Allies. That Is now fully acknowledged, and It wilt aUo be acknowl- :edged that the inferior numDer or tno forces of our enemy. In comparison with the number of the Russians, caused the German failure on the River Bzura. The enemy's only chance of victory Is M, for the German and Austrian armies ,i greauy 10 increase me numuer ui uioir forces. Can they succeed In this? 5" The Austrlrn Government has issuea fc'an order prohibiting the retirement of Territorial reservists who 'have attained 8UVS DittVK LWADE118 BACK ON foiST PRUSSIA FRONTIER Petrofcrod Onidtlty Reports Gains of Prom 2 to 11 Miles. FETnOORAD, March 1. The Gorman Invasion of Poland north of the Vistula nivar appears to have been I shattered. Judging from today's official ' reports. Tho Russians, on the offensive along the entire front from the Ntemen to the Vistula, are dealing heavy blows to tho forces of Field Marshal von Mln. i dcnbtirg, the War Office states. I Official reports assert that In some sec tors the Germans have been driven back 11 miles. In others, where the counter attacks wcro violent, two to throo miles were gained. In the I'rznsnVsz realon. where thn troops of Grand Duke Nicholas have driven a wedgo Into the German centre and are advancing toward the Hast Prus sian frontier again, tho Russians nre cap turing village after village, taking from too to S00 prisoners In each, Przasnysz It relf has been reoccuplcd. As n result of the fighting of the last five days more than 18,000 prisoners havo fallen Intif Ruislan hands, The Germans have also lost many guns, The Russian successes In the Przasnysz sector have, as ivns predicted, forced the retirement of the Gcrmons before. Osso wllz, according to tho latest reports re ceived nero. ueforo Grodno tho Germans are also weakening and the Russians are massing attacks upon their foes. The Grodno garrison Is nsslstlng In the oper ations. In this sector the Germans en countered enormous difficulties In enter ing Russian torrltory Thoso taken pris oners say that several German corps have exhausted their ammunition. ifir 4wKKteL ttWf" Wf! FRENCH MARINES PUT ABOARD DACIA; CASE ! UUIiS IV l'ttlZ,L LUUIll BRITISH STRIKERS DELAY SAILING OF STEAMSHIPS Dockyard Laborers Demand Increase in Pay During War Period. LONDON, March 1. A dispatch from Chntham eays that tho Government dock yard Inborers demand an Increaso of $1.20 per week for each man during the period of tho war, owing to tho Increased cost of living. The men describe tho grant of an Increase of one shilling' per week as niggardly and refuse to accept It. Colne, Lancashire, report that the strike of weavers In the Colne Valley against tho demands of their employers that they work overtime to fill tho orders piling up because of the war will continue. Offers of extra pay for overtime work hnvo been rejected by the strikers. The American liner Phlliidelphia, held up because of the strike, .vlll sail from Liverpool today. The Atlantic Trnnsport liner Minne apolis, from Now York to Plymouth, ar rived yesterday two days late, owing to a heavy etorm encountered. Tho Minneapolis hnd the name of her port of registry screened, and the name "VUtabult" was painted on her bow. CECIL CHESTERTON English writer who will opposo Dr. H. II. Ewers in a debate on tho war hero tonight. CHESTERTON JOLTS CRITIC JAPANESE FLEET CALLED FACTOR IN FALKLAND'S FIGHT Laughs at British Ambassador's Repudiation of Official Status. Cecil Chesterton, Kngllsh publicist, laughed at the Ilrltlsh Ambassador this morning, because tno latter Issued a statement from tho Embassy at Washing ton, repudiating Chesterton ob an author ized representative of the Government. "I wish to state as emphatically as pos sible," ho said, "that of course I have no connection with the Government. "Any one who understands tho niceties of Ilrltlsh politics before the war," bo explained, "would havo laughed nt tho mere suggestion that I represented the British Government. 1 am perhaps the last person the Government would have selected to corao here and represent them. I hod beeh a violent enemy of the British Government beforo the war. It was I who exposed the Marconi scandal. I was practically prosecuted by the Government during the hearings. For the time at least, the war lias carried away all par tisanship, nnd I speak simply ns any Englishman might In defense of his coun try. 1 have never consulted any one con nected with tho Government about It." Mr. Chesterton will lecture on "Cathol icism nnd Democracy" In tho Bellovun Strntford tomorrow, under the auspices of the Ladles of Charity. ALLIED FLEET SMASHES FORTS IN DARDANELLES British Seacraft Not Sufficient to De feat Von Spee, Berlin Says. BERLIN, March I. According to Information received here today the defeat of the German squadron j Elizabeth Is leading the attack, the bottle under Admiral Graf von Spee near the Continued from l'mre One gun range, the larger lighting units ara hammering at tho Turkish forts from a distance. Turkish shells fired In reply nro falling short of their mark. As at Pedd-El-Bnhr and Ct.po Hellcs, tho Queen Falkland IslandB was accomplished by tho combined efforts of a Japanese and British fleet. This Is a now version of hlpB closing In and finishing the work after tho dreadnought has virtually dis mantled a fort. Artillery detachments which landed on tho European side of the entrance nnd Minister of Marine An nounces Refusal to Rec ognize Legality of Trans fer of Captured Steam ship Sold by Germans. PARIS, March 1. French marines were placed upon the American steamship Uacla at Brest to day to relievo for active duty the sailors nf tho cruiser that captured the formAr Hamburg-American ship at sea. Tho Information was given out at the Ministry of Marine today that France will refuso to recognize tho legality of tho transfer of tho Dacla's registry, but definite announcement to this effect wlli not bo mndo until the sitting of a prlxt court at Brest this week. WASHINGTON, D. C, March 1. Tho Stte Department has not yet re ceived confirmation of tho seizure of tho steamship Dacla by tho French. It Is ex pected that this will be brought to the department's attention by tho present American owner of tho vessel, E. N. Breltung, of New York, who will roquest the department to make representations to tho French Government requesting the release of tho ship, This Is really a mere formality, for, of course, tho Dacla will bo placed before a prize court. Tho United States could not properly tako action snvo, perhaps, to re quest that the proceedings be axpcdlted. After tho decision Ib rendered, tho United States may, If It deems best, make representations to tho French Government protesting against tho ruling of the court as Involving a denial of Justice to an American citizen. The matter thus might be settled through diplomatic negotiations or It might bo presented to an Inter national tribunal. However, tho Government's part in this Issue cannot develop before tho decision of the court, and since tho Ship Purchase bill Is nlrcndy apparently defeated, of ficial 'Washington, at this time, Is not manifesting much Interest In the Dacla cuae. AUSTRO-GERJIANS HAMMER FOE AT WYSZKOW PASS the battle, all the credit for which has ' " "PnPeJri"s'i,tt,nd f10" nnfc'3 Ver , , . . .. ,., . . , . . the captured Turkish positions aro mov been claimed by the British Admiralty g northward to attack Kllld Bahr from for tho ships of Vice Admiral Sturdee. i the renr :the age of IS year3, -whllo the German 51. Jabout 13,000 men of tho Landsturm. C nrimT t, nncnnVKO u tvxiXJUlli jhcar.ihY.a. The Germans formed 28 army corps fe-from reservists not more than 32 years of !itge.- Other reservists were to be used so'nly tp replaco losses and for service In S'the rear. V,, During tho six months of war tho Ger- fiMiail tl.t.lj', UI.V.. uttlfi, WW ,a ...w....- ttlon, has lost z.uoo.ow or us Dest men. lioso have been replaced by men of tho 'Landsturm. It Is clear, therefore, that the German army In these circumstances has been getting steadily worse In regard to military quality. V The German army corps had hitherto been composed of two divisions, whllo tho army corns of tho other countries have always had three divisions. Now Ger many also has formed her army corps of throo divisions, and the third is a Land- '.sturm. The German army by this system will be Increased one and one-half times. If we consider the German regulnr field armies as consisting of 2,250.000 to 2.600,000 'men, it will be seen that, thanks to the new method, this Increase can be very considerable. But If we take note of the 2,000.000 losses which tho Germans havo Buffered, we shall perceive that there will foremaln In Germany only 2.000,000 men of athn Landsturm. or only sufficient to enable .Germany to continue the war, even In the inmost favorabla circumstances, for a pe Krfod of six months. Si After six months Germany will bo In a k'. state of such exhaustion that she will be feunabla to replace tho losses of her army, Steven with the most Incapable reservists. The Hanover Hurler has received from Its correspondent at Pekln the following Japanese report of the battle, printed in a newspaper there: "The prestige of tho white man again has been considerably lowered by the naval battle off Falkland Islands. Tho unondlng rejoicing at Kioto, Toklo nnd Yokohama does not refer to tho destruc tion of the weak German forces, but to the part played thcro by the Jnpaneso fleet." v GREAT FRENCH ARMY ATTACKS GERMANS IN CHAMPARNE Berlin Reports Repulse of Enemy in Desperate Assaults. BERLIN, March 1. Sunday's fighting In the western theatre of war was tho ercost that has murked operations for the last two months. Tho French army, In Its attempts to cut through the German lines In Champagne and In the Argorinc, Is using great numbers of men and mnklng numerous attacks. Today's official report from the German General Staff states that In the face of the fighting In the Chnmpagne. at least two French army corps, or 80,000 men, repeatedly attacked tho German posi tions, but were everywhere repulsed. Between tho Argonne nnd Vnuquols the French made five separate attacks, all of which were repulsed with heavy losses. In the eastern theatre of war Kusslan attacks In Northern Poland were repulsed. FRENCH SEIZE CHILIAN SHIP BERLIN, March 1. The Chilian steamer Hancagna, bound for Venice, Italy, with a cargo of Baltpeter has been seized by Ftanch warships, the official German news agency announced today. Turkish losses In tho bombardment thus far total G0O0 dead and wounded, accord ing to a cablegram from Salonika today. Troop trulnB from Constantinople nro clogging the railways on the European side and tho Turkish wounded Ho behind the forts without medical nttention. Dispatches from Athens say that, when Anglo-French forces wcro landed to take possession of tho silenced Turkish forts the found a sce of such carnage as had seldom been witnessed upon a field of battlo. Excavations 70 feet wide nnd 00 feet deep had been torn up by tho bursting of tho shells; guns hnd been shattered, the fragments tearing nsunder tho bodies of the Turkish artillerymen In the forts. Magazines hnd been exploded, sending a storm of exploding shells and wreckage through the steel and concrete mnsonry. GERMANS PREPARE FOR BIG ASSAULT ALONG YSER Dutch Experts Declare Other Opera tions Are Mask for Great Attack. AMSTEUDAM, March 1. Another titanic struggle is developing along the Yser River. The transportation of Gorman troops through Alx-la-Chap-pello hns ceased after two weeks' activity and It Is believed here that tho forces sent to the Flanders front have cen centrnted for a terrific attack. Violent Fighting Also Continues Around Stanislau in Gnlicia. BERLIN, .March 1. Importnnt battles, In which German troops nre co-operating with the Aus trlans, nre now In progress In the Cnr pathlans near tho Wyszkow Pass nnd south of'tho Dnelster around Stanislau, It was announced In an official statement to day. In Western Gallcla, artillery duels havo been resumed. Recapture of Stunislau nnd Kolomca. Important railroad centres In Gallcla, from which tho Russlnns hnd been driven during tho past fortnight, were announced yesterday by Pctrograd officials. TT & ywwi,i Is Your Skin Rough? Itiuy, rliungrulile wrutlicr plnjn havoc Mlth fnres nnil linnds. I'ro tect yourself liy lining our Skin Food, it dnlnty toilet ttceeimory Hhlch Boftens nnd nourUliei the ilrllcntc flume. 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Wenzell Herman Pfelfer F, Btrothmann Armand Both M, Lton Braclcer Mary Ellen Sigibae Charles Winter Jas, Montagu rjgp mp March I m Newspapers Voice Public Demand for Repeal of Full Crew Laws Public sentiment, as expressed by the newpapeij,over whelminglv favors the repeal of the Full Crew excess man crew ' Laws. On February 14th, the railroad- of Penrusylvnrua and Now Jersey frankly and fearlessly submitted to the Court of Pubhc Opinion the reasons why these laws, which unnecessarily burden tho people, should be repealed. On this presentation of facts newspapers havo tahen position. Editorials to ihe number of 199 have so farcome to tho attention of the Railroads' Executive Committee. These group tho news papers on the proposition as follows : For Repeal . . . 162 Against Repeal . . 10 Neutral 27 Following arc excerpts from various newspapers: Honest Proposition Here is a perfectly fair and honest proposition that ought to receive the at tention of the Legislature, and no doubt the great majority of the legislators arc perfectly willing to consider it Even ing Times, Trenton. Deprives Others of Jobs The entire act is based upon a false economic principle that work can be made by legislative edict. To make a job for one man where there is no serv ice to perform means depriving another man of a job where service under nor mal conditionsiS needed. Herald, Waynesboro, Pa. Public Mightily Interested In the last analysis the public pays the bill, and the public is, therefore, mightily interested in the present attack on the Full Crew bill. Gazette and Bulletin, IVilliamsport, Pa. Worse Than Useless The Full Crew Law is one of the pieces of legislative folly for which the people are now paying in the form of advanced freight and passenger rates. It compels the railroads to pay men whom they do not need, men who are worse than useless because their idle ness is demoralizing to the whole work ing force. National Stockman and Farmer, Pittsburgh. For Future Good The course now being pursued by the railroads should eliminate forever the mischief-making elements which are re sponsible for the full crew impositions. Morris County Press, Morristown, N.J. Railroads Congratulated Undoubtedly this is a good move and one for which the Pennsylvania and its. associate companies should be congratu lated. National Labor Tribune, Pitts burgh. Unnecessary Men From no source does it seem to be successfully maintained that all of the men now employed on trains are neces sary to safety in operation. Leader, Johnstown. Wipe the Law Off A vigorous, common sense argument is that presented in behalf of the rail roads endeavoring to secure a repeal of the Full Crew Law. The measure should be promptly wiped from the statute books. Record, Summit, N. J. Repeal Fully Warranted It would seem as if the action to be taken in the attempt to repeal the so called "Full Crew" Law 'vas fully war ranted. Dispatch, Erie. Fifth Wheel Men These men are of no more use than a fifth wheel to a coach. Their presence on the trains is in no way helpful. It is rather detrimental than otherwise to the efficiency of the service. Sunday Dis patch, Philadelphia. People Favor Repeal The railroads not alwavs rirht are absolutely right in asking for the repeal of the Full Crew Law, and we believe the people of the State will favor the action taken by the railroads. Independent, Collegeville, Pa. Economically Unsound The Full Crew Law is economically unsound, It provides for employment and payment of men who perform no useful function. Tribune, New York, Justice in Repeal When all sides shall have been heard, it is not too hazardous to predict that the Legislatures of both States will recog nize the justice of the appeal and re trace a stco which was taken improvt- dcntly and without full knowledge of th facts. Public Ledger, Philadelphia. Evidence to Public The public is ready to hear the evi dence and it is up to the parries con cerned, the railroads and the trainmen, to submit their briefs. This the rail roads are doing and to their credit, be it said, in an open and above-board man ner. Daily Republican, Milhrille, N. J. Confidence in People We have full confidence that the peo ple will see the point and have their rep resentatives in the two legislatures re peal the Full Crew Laws. Evening Star, Philadelphia. Law Makes Drones A Full Crew Law is a law to mulct railroads and make them throw away money to maintain drones. The Sun, New York. Justice Demands Repeal The law was simply a sop to the labor vote. Common justice demands the repeal of the "Full Crew" Law of New Jersey. Gazette, Spring Lake, Right Attitude Taken The proposition of the railroads o Pennsylvania to submit the question of the repeal of the Full Crew Laws to the public, because the latter is vitally inter ested in this problem, is only another in stance of the change which has taken place in the attitude of many of the great business corporations of the coun try which are semi-public in their char acter. Times, Monongahela, Pa, Most Impressive As for the appeal of the railroads against the extra or Full Crew Law, it must be said that it is presented with a force of facts and figures and a direct ness of reasoning that is most impres sive. Intelligencer, Lancaster, Pa. Common Sense Action Repeal the Full Crew Law in the name of common sense. Plain Dealer, Phila delphia. Turn On the Light The fact that the opponents of the re peal of the Full Crew Laws object to the light, that they do not want popular dis cussion, is very strong evidence in itself that they have a case that will not stand the light. Morning Sun, Baltimore. Objectionable Legislation It follows that the Full Crew Laws are class legislation of a particularly objec tionable kind. Philadelphia Inquirer. Rectify Grave Error Pressure is being brought upon our Legislature to repeal the Full Crew Law. It js to be hoped that a grave error will be rectified. The law has promoted neither safety nor efficiency. Loss of life has actually increased. Town and County, Pennsburg, Pa. Get Laws Repealed There should be comparatively little difficulty in getting the Full Crew Laws of this and neighboring States repealed by an appeal to public opinion. Record. Philadelphia. By repeal of the Full Crew Laws there is no purpose to lay off men whose services are necessary to adequately man trains. Let tiiat be under stood. The object is merely to eliminate men for whom thero is no real work and for whom jobs exist only by edict of law. The railroads believe that the people will Join in this fight for repeal of laws which put unnecessary burdens upon the public. They ask all citizens to help by communicating in person, by letter or otherwise with their elected representatives at Harrisburg and Trenton. This should be done now. SAMUEL REA, Pinlitat, PidditU anU Railroad .DANIEL WILLARD, PratldtDt, Baldmcn and OUo tUtlraad THEODORE VOORHEES, Prtld.ot, PhlUdtlpUa asd R.dln Railway R. L, O'DONNEL. ChaJrmn. ExacutW CammltUa. AiacaUd Rallrsada of Pona.rlTauU and Now Jotaar. 721 Comntrclal Treat Batm.,, rWUd.bkta. w" ' V Magazine NOW MBDUtttClurcr, SRfw LtM i ! 'm, i t T i flS
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers