8
JHJBLIC LEDGEtt COMPANY
otnua H. K. CWlTta, rmninr.
Clu.rtts H.i.alliSsttSrt,VleFrfi!ldentf John 0. Martin,
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" jfe111!"' ttrec!r
EDtTOnlALBOAnDt
Ctstnt II. K. CatTis, Chairman,
Pt H, tVtUlJBT. EcUtlT Editor
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PlIll-AUrXrillA, TUESDAY, rMIMMHY 16, 191B.
jt. -r-r- ' ' ' '
Plau is nature's life Insurance.
Some Figures That Do Not Lie
ADVOCATES of Government invasion of
li the flold of private enterprise nro watch
ing he development of tlio rnnatna Canul
business In tho hope It will demonstrate that
tho Government can operate a profitable
enterprise. The goncial public, however, not
engaged In tiny work of propaganda, should
keep In mind tho fundamental fact that tho
canal Is" properly a governmental undertak
ing. Whether it can be made financially
profltablo or not. The military necessity for
the short-water route from tho Pacific to tho
Atlantic coast Justifies tho expenditure of
every dollar that has been Invested.
It is Important, therefore. In order lo pre
vent any misuse of the reports of tho re
ceipts, that whenever those reports are pub
lished they should bo set over against the
amount which must be earned before tho
canal can meet its fixed charges. Tho latest
figures of gross earnings show that from the
tlrrio tho first ship passed through tho big
ditch, until the last day of January $2,000,000
have been collected in tolls. This Is at tho
rate of about $4,000,000 a year, and seems
a big sum of money.
But It la only a small part of what must bo
taken In, to cover the annual cost of the
canal. If It Is to be conducted as a business
enterprise. According to the best estimates
obtainable the Interest charge is $11,000,000,
It will cost $3,500,000 a year for operating
charges, upkeep and contingencies, and
$7,600,000 must be set aside annually for a
sinking fund if the bonds are to bo paid In BO
years. Here is a total annual charge ot
$22,000,000. Just keep these figures In mind
$22,000,000 and then when tho canal Is taking
In $1,000,000 a month, Instead of $2,000,000 In
six months, no ono can fool you with talk
about the profit which the Government Is
waking.
The Prosperity Procession Is on the Way
THE dollars which tho Government per
mitted the railroads to collect In Increased
freight rates havo already begun to circu
late, to tho general benefit of all Industries
dependent on their prosperity. 'Western
Pennsylvania is optimistic, and It may well
be. In Connellsvllle, tho broad line, which
has been fed at the City Hall since the begin
ning of the year, has been discontinued be
cause there is work for the idle. The Frlck
Coko Company has Just issued orders for
firing 615 more ovens in tho Connellsvllle
and the South Connellsvllle regions. Slnco
February 1 It has fired 3355 ovens in tho
Payette County field. Mills that have been
closed are now running, and the days ot
scant fare for tho workers nre ended. Kvery
business man In the region Is feeling the
effect of the revival.
Eastern Ohio Is experiencing the same
sensation Not only the steel mills, but the
automobile factories, are getting ready to
tilt orders that will keep them busy for
many months. All the signs are pointing to
Very prosperous year. So the calamity
howlers should get on the band wagon and
Wow their horns, not In the sad notes of a
dirge, but In a Jubilant chorus of delight.
"Cloture" Is An Instrument of Oppression
MR, BRYAN favors the cloture rule In the
Senate because it will remove "tho last
obstacle In tho way of popular government
at the national capltol." There are people
who will be deceived by this fine phrase, but
the president will not be one of them.
The purpose of the cloture rule Is not to
make it easy for the popular will to find
expressen( but to break down the opposition
of th.o?e patriotic Senators In both parties
who have been fighting to prevent the enact
ment Into law of a proposition for which
there Is no popular demand. The President
Is aware that the purpose of the cloture rule
is to epable the Executive to use the party
lash upon Congress for driving It In the way
be would have it go,
The cloture rule is Intended to destroy the
independence of Congress and to browbeat
weak-kneed men Into acquiescing In plans
for which they have no sympathy. It Is to
Jam the ship-purchase bill through In spite
of the opposition of a majority of the Sena
tars. It thl be popular government, then
the days of the New Freedom have developed
isexRBJS strange uncer tne sun.
Borabastes Furioso
On cannot escape the conclusion that
5rldnt Wilson and BtexUry Bryan, In
their communication with the Mexican
prt$&u9iB and rebel leaders, have accus
tomed themselves ta a tone that Is not
smUibla for communications with the dei
mm. Smptre. Count Ernest Reventlow, la
ti Tages Zettung.
IT 18 unfortunate that in Germany and
England, too, cliques of Jingoes still find
jjc for their foolish utterances, in spite
at the frightful havoc whjch war Is now
twta. 8 pronounced has been the arro
catuw q German notes to all countries that it
m-iitwh' becomes a German publicist to take
Kpttea. t ts rtremely friendly, though
an, communication of the United States.
Tta WMtsr himself has been prompt to
frown. r the captious criticism which has
ttfgmni I the Carman, press, Ke unfier-'--s)4k.ir
f hia adviser do nq, that
Uiii vmvlm ttUy wauid fc to alleaat the
IHtlMtf U from: the Fathejcland and bring
fitment ft. mrmAs nverbuntfned tkm eeo
Hifei yowtv 8f t weitfeit mtlea to the
j It in hmta ttms th Pww of 2urfflp
tr mM m 4fiIMi, awt flnfl tiwi
EVENING LEDGER-FHILADELPHTA, TfrESftAT, FEBRUARY 16, 1915:
there is nowhere else for It to flow. Bo, too,
since capital seeks safety, It will turn more
and more to the nation that is peculiarly
Immune to tho vicissitudes of war. It is
worth whllo to any belligerent to havo the
friendship of the United States now) It wilt
be worth even more to have that frlondahlp
when the war is over.
Washington must stand firm In defenso of
neutral rights! firm against Germany and
England, Franco and Russia, against any
and all nations that may attempt ta dispute
our status. Bo It will do. Wo have tho cards
stacked, as It were, by virtuo of our economic
advantages, and none can afford deliber
ately to antagonize us. That Is why Wash
ington is moving tactfully and slowly, with
a very obvious desire to maintain peaceful
relations with tho whole world and with Just
as obvious n purpose to exact from all na
tions proper respect for tho flag and our
rights. We can permit neither to bo out
raged. Count Rovcntlow Is merely a Bom
bastes Furioso.
To De Against the Tnylor Plan Is To Be
Against Rapid Transit
rptlC special election lo authorize the tran---
sit loan must bo held at tho earliest pos
sible date In April. There must bo no waste
of tlmo that will give Councils an excuse to
adjourn for the summer before tho appro
priation bills havo been passed.
The appropriation ordlnanco Bhould spe
cifically provide that tho funds aro for rapid
transit development according to the Tay
lor plan.
Tho man 'who Is for tapld transit, but not
for tho general Taylor plan, is for an in
tangible, improbable, indoflnlto nnd distant
kind of rapid transit. Ho Is, In fact, not for
rapid transit at all, but for delay. Ho Is out
for rapid transit in the senso that ho wants
to kill It.
There Is only one way In which a man
can be for rapid transit In Philadelphia, nnd
that Is to bo for tho Taylor program, which
has been before the public for monlli3 nnd
has proved Invulnerable to every attack.
Make no mistake. Either the Taylor pro
gram as a whole goes through or real rapid
transit, with a universal five-cent fp-e, will
be postponed a decado or a generation.
It was to the Taylor plan that practically
all factions dedicated themselves last Thurs
day. No man or set of men can hora.ccr
stand for something else without laying him
self or themselves open to tho suspicion of
treachery.
Laws of Humanity Cannot Be Repealed
GERMANY'S naval prolleamc.it Is fto
pressing that the Kaiser can be expected
to Insist na long as possible upon tho right
of his submarines to attack all non-German
shipping In tho war area which ho has
marked out. Naval warfare Is being revo
lutionized by the activity of tho U-21 nnd of
others of the same kind. When the war Is
over there must be some modification of the
admiralty law to cover the new conditions.
But it is inconceivable that any international
body shall agree that a merchant ship may
be sunk without warning by any war vessel,
whether submarine or aerial. The present
rule of international law requires scaich of
merchant ships to disclose their nationality
and the character of their cargo. If the ship
belongs to a hostile belligerent proper caro
must bo taken to save tho lives of the pas
sengers and the crew beforo the vessel Is
destroyed.
The civilized sentiment of the world will
not tolerate tho repeal of tho laws of hu
manity by the Invention of nny engine of war
whatsoever. Tho American notes to Ger
many and to Kngland on tho war zono de
crees say this In n roundabout way, and
Italy has Indorsed this position. The other
neutral nations nro expected to add tho
weight of their influence to Its support. It
may bo argued that a submarine cannot
search merchant ships and Is unable to safe
guard the passengers and crew. Then, If this
be so, the submarine must find some other
way of disabling n hostile merchant vessel
than by blowing It up without warning. And
it must not uttack a neutral merchant ves
sel at all. These two pioposltlons nro so
self-evident that Germany must agree to
them.
As they say In Germany, February 18 Is
'Tier Tag."
Cuba finds It can coin money In Philadel
phia. It may be that Philadelphia can coin
money In Cuba.
Saloons are pot needed in the residence
districts, whato er may be the demand for
them elsewhere.
There seems to be an epldemlo of masked
robbers throughout the country; and not nil
of them are In politics.
Government In this country has become
nothing more than grandfather and father-in-law,
with son-in-law thrown In.
Americans are entitled to the protection of
their flag, but that protection can best be
extended when the flag files from an Ameri
can ship.
The "powerful Interest" back of the demand
for a wheat embargo is self-preservation, a
law which this and all other generations have
sincerely endeavored to enforce.
The unemployment crisis has proved that
the bond between those who do not have to
work and those who want to work and can't
is closer than any one had supposed.
About the worst thing that can happen to
an army Is to drive the Russians back into
the heart of their own territory. Napoleon
had sound Ideas on that subject, having
gathered them from experience.
John O. Johnson laid down a good rule
when he said that every man has the right
to hold whatever views please him, but that
circumstances of his employment sometimes
make it unwise for him to express them if
he would do full Justice to his employers,
On the theory that a pleased customer is
the best advertisement, the Publicity Com'
tnjttee of the Democratic National Com
routes Is about to begin an advertising cam
paign to persuade the voters that they are
so wJJ pleased with Mr. Wilson that they
wJU want to use him again.
When a French soldier, whom the Germans
hs,d taken prisoner, wrote to the Kaiser for
permission to go back to France to see his
dyhur mother and promised to return to his
Jailers before March 1st, the KaUer at once
let the man so. He has Jut returned to Ger
many from his mother's funeral This tnil
imt irtwuld be set ovr egtinst some of tha
tan sf strpdPw that bv Nog coming;
RIVAL RECIPES FOR
NATIONAL THEATRE
English, American and Irish Pro
posalsIB tho Secret of Creating
a National Drama to Be Found in
Lady Gregory's Irish Players?
By KENNETH MACGOWAN
Of the making of national theatres there
Is no ond this season.
Granville Barker's excellent success with
his season at Wallack's In New York has
brought out very broad hints from some of
tho founders ot tho Into "Now Thcatro" that
thoy will bo backing him in a similar venture
next year,
F. C. Whitney, a manager whose principal
experience has been In exceptionally good pro
ductions of operetta, Is out with nn elaborate
announcement of what ho calls n National
Theatre. It Is to bo founded, financially, on
tho subscriptions of EOOO people to ono $2
scat each for a season of 30 weeks. To all
nppcarnnces Mr. Whitney purposes simply a
good slock company and acting school giving
'"standard" pieces; there sccma nothing ven
turesome or In tho broadest sense crcatlvo
about the proposition. Ills list of possible
plays includes almost every actablo play of
every languago and some that very certainly
nro not. Tho list of American dramas, for
Instance, Includes such silly old standbys as
"Tho White Slave," from which that famous
line, "Rags aro royal raiment it worn for
vlrtuo's sake," Is reputed to havo come.
Thoro seems little promise In a venture which
begins by announcing: "We have no Inten
tion of exploiting realistic plajs," and then
qualifies that absurd statement by n proviso
quite ns naive: "Wo shnll not discard any
modern play on account of Its realism."
lastly, there la Lady Gregory, the gray
haired, fresh-souled director of the Irish
riayers. This year tho actois of her Abbey
Theatre are playing to their own public In
Dublin, while their guide nnd friend la tour
ing the United States talking on "A Nntlonal
Theatre for America." Though Philadelphia
hus been honored with her presence only, not
her lecture, It may find her recipe for a
national drama, ns well as n national thea
tre, In the pages of tho charming journal of
her work In Dublin, "Our National Theatre
A Chapter in Autobiography."
Threo things havo made the Abbey The
atre and Its plays. Threo things may make
such a theatre In America. They aro tiro
less, persevering, proldcnt endeavor, a suffi
cient endowment to carry tho venture
through years of struggle to the goal of
popular support, and nn unswerving devo
tion to the Ideal of n new, Intellectually
creative, na(Io drama.
This Is not Lady Gregory's deliberate pre
scription. She has only dropped tho hints
from which we may derive It.
Building Up An Audience
Sometimes they are humorous hints, even
though they deal with discouragements and
record perseverance through Indifference
and 111 fortune:
Building up an audience Is a slow business
when there Is anything unusual In the meth
ods or the work. Often I have gone
out bv the stage door when the curtain was
up, nnd come around Into tho auditorium by
the front hall, hoping that in the dimness I
might pass for a new arrival and bo encour
age the few scattered people In the stalls.
Very often In the green room I havo
quoted the homely proveib, "Grip Is a good
dog, but Holdfnst a better"! And
Mr. YentB, In his turn, wrote, to encourage
me: "Any fool can fight n winning battle,
but It needs character to fight a losing one
and that should inspire us; which reminds me
that I dreamed the other night that I was
being hanged, but was the life and boul of the
party."
How did the theatre live these 10 years?
Endowment, that necessity of any enlight
ened theatre that Is to create Itself In tho
midst of commercial competition.
Wo asked a guarantee fund of .100 to
make the experiment, which wr hoped to
caro on during three ycais.
1 enclose .i guarantee p.iper filled up for
such n sum as I can nfford (or perhaps morn,
to Iov. but I hope there will he no loss for
mnbodv In the matter, while there will cer
tainly be tome gain to Ireland !
Perhnps It was tho patent magnitude of
the odds against them that made them see
the necessity for endowment. For they went
Into the venture with tho most modest of
hopes built upon the slightest of foundations.
I took Teats to the omco. We sat
there through that wet afternon. and though
' I had never been at all Interested In the
atres, our talk turned on plays. Mr. Mar
tyn had written two, "The Heather Field"
and "Maove." I said It was a pity we
had no Irish theatre where such plays could
be given. Mr. Yeats said that had always
been a dream of his, but he had of- late
thought It an Impossible one, for It could not
at first pay Its way.
We went on talking about It, and things
seemed to grow possible as we talked, and
before the end of the afternoon we had made
our plan. We said we would collect money,
or rather ask to have a certain sum of
money guaranteed. We would then take a
Dublin theatre and give a performance of
Mr. Martyn's "Heather Field" and one of
Mr. Yeats' own plajs, "The Countess Cath
leen." I offered the first guarantee of 25.
Even In the modesty of that beginning they
had the germ of the idea which was to make
a great theatre the deliberate limitation to
a national Irish drama, a drama that must
be created.
That limitation of the theatre's work to
plays about Ireland or by Irishmen was the
secret of its artistic success, as perseverance
and endowment were the key to its ultimate
financial triumph. And a similar limitation
ot an American theatre to the plays and
playwrights of Its own country, or better
still of its own locality, may be as much a
secret of success for us. Such a policy sooner
or later brings out an audience that finds a
peculiar interest in its, trjumph; and the test
of the need for an enlightened theatre, as
well as its ultimate Justification, must lift
In the native drama that It will call forth.
There can be no doubt of the Abbey Thea
tre's success with this policy. When Lady
Gregory and Mr. Yeats resolved on an Irish
playhouse they saw three playp to be acted,
Just three. When Lady Gregory' finished
the writing of "Our Irish Theatre" in, the
spring ot 1913. 101 Irish plays' of various
lenRths had cen written for and produced
by the Abbey Theatre. All of them came
because there was a theatre ready to act
them,
And, like Lennox Robinson, all these play
wrights have gone on from seeing their
work in actual production to the writing
of better and better pUys,
On of the keenest regrets felt over the
New Theatre, even before its failure, was
the laol? of American playa in its repertory.
It could find only a few that met the pop
ular commeretai standards In technique set
by arpe drama. Aa it was. not wn
tint to neglect thw yjrtcal virtues,
BLAME
C's
ever nature and develop, as tho Abbey Tho
atro had done, n school of real natlvo drama.
Intelligence First
The Irish Theatre neglected no real or
fundamental standards of art. The directors
wero simply content to forego momentary
popular appeal and wait. It made no differ
ence what nature of play it was or what
its length, so long ns the author doalt sin
cerely and Intelligently with matter he
know at first hand. They sent out a circular
of ndvlco to ambitious playwrights which
read in part:
The Abbcv Theatre Is a subsidized theatre
with an educational object. It will, there
fore, be useless, as a rule, lo send It plays
Intended as popular entertainments and that
alone. A play to be suitable for performance
at the Abbey should contain some criticism
of life, of Irish life by preference, Important
from Its beauty or from some excellence ot
style; and this Intellectual quality Is not more
necessary to tragedy than to tho gayest
comedy.
The dramatist should banish from
his mind the thought that there aro some
popular Ingredients, the love-making of the
popular stage, for Instance, especially fitted
to give dramatic pleasure; for any knot of
events, where there Is passionate emotion
and clash of will, can be made the subject
matter of a play.
If the Abbey Theatre had not accom
plished Just this, the creation of a national
drama, and a great national drama for It
was the presence of an actual working thea
tre that turned the Immortal Synge, ns well
as Lady Gregory and the others, to play
wrltlng and the creation of It from th6
smallest of beginnings, we should have every
justification for labeling such a scheme of
development through limitation impossible.
But there stands the theatre, and the Irish
Players have witnessed to It here In America.
Has this all no meaning for us?
THE CONQUEROR OF LIEGE
General Von Emmlch, a Soldier With a
Sense of Humor.
IT WAS at one time reported In this coun
try that General von Emmlch, discour
aged by the costly delay in winning Liege,
had committed suicide. Accounts of his
death were, however, greatly exaggerated
as Mark Twain would have said. The gen
eral rode at the head of his soldiers Into the
city, and they call him now the Luettlch
Sleger, Conqueror of Liege.
A writer In the New York Tribune de
scribes him as follows:
Short and stocklly built and looking every
Inch a fighter, he gives you the Impression
of possessing tremendous, almost Itoosevel
tlan. vitality, with a saving sense of humor.
Von Emmlch Is the general with a winning
smile. He could have been a successful
machine politician If he had emigrated to
America instead of remaining In Clermany
and becoming the most popular general In
tho German army among the men, for, he
has the rare gift of Inspiring his followers
with a sense of personal loyalty. His troops
Idolize him. They break out Into hearty
hurrahs at the slightest provocation when
they see htm.
The same writer reports an Interview in
which he suggested:
"You know, Excellency, that you were
reported to have lost something like 120,009
men before Liege."
"That's three times as many as I had,"
he answered with the "winning smile."
General von Emmlch will talk quite free
ly about anything but himself and military
matters, but a few odds and ends were
snapped up. It was Interesting to learn that
he was In Liege only a day and a half, then
pushed on ahead In the direction of Namur
with the bulk of his corps, leaving only his
heavy artillery behind to finish up the re
maining forts. He did not even know that
Zeppelins had taken part In the bombard
ment of these forts until he heard about
It afterwards, Later he turned up at Mens
and had a hand In beating the British or
expediting their strategic retreat, accord
ing to the point of view, His subsequent
movements and present whereabouts are
interesting, but would never pass the Ger
man censor.
"Did you feel proud at being selected to
lead the way Into Belgium, Excellency r' I
Inquired.
"Yes, of course I did." he replied.
"Would you like to lead your corps into
England?" For Just en instant what looked
very much like the light of battle was In
hi eye.
"I will go anywhere I am ordered to go
anywhere," he replied with smiling empha
sis. m
A Difference of Language
Freak the rtuturh ailt-Tlnm.
It seems that if we art going to capture
South Ar.itrlciii trade wv got te iero both
Spanlh and Portusut-w There's as mush
diSMnc btwen these Usgttig u lint it U
artwisa the Bwstva 4Mts mxi Cil5C?4W
. . , ;
THE WEATHER MAN FOR THIS
'SSt-- m
A BATTLE OF THE WILDERNESS
Hand-to-Hand Fighting in a Polish Jungle Remarkable Descrip
tion of Scenes During and After a Conflict Fiercer
Than Any in Our Civil War.
By STANLEY WASHBURN
(Hy Special Arrangement v,Hh the Uevlew of rtevlena)
AS FAR as I know there is nothing In tho
. history ot war, with tho possible excep
tion of our own Battle of the Wilderness,
that can touch this event, and tho Virginia
campaign in comparison as to losses, dura
tion and men engaged was a mere skirmish.
Yet a few weeks afterward, other than tho
mere fact of it having taken place and hav
ing been won by the Russians, nothing much
Is known about It.
I am not going to try to describe the
military or strategic aspects of this desperate
conflict, because if one begins on the histori
cal relations of battles In this war there is
absolutely no ending, 1 shall, however,
sketch briefly tho nature of the work that the
Russian soldiers did here; for In no battle
of the whole war, on any front, has the fibre,
determination and courage ot troops been
put mdre thoroughly to the test than in this
very action, Tho German piogram, as Is
now well known, contemplated taking both
Warsaw nnd Ivangorod and tho holding for
the winter of the line between tho two
formed by the Vistula. The Russians took
the offenblve from Ivangorod, crossed the
river, and after hideous fighting fairly drove
Austrlana nnd Geimans from positions of
great strength around the quaint little Polish
town of Kozlcnlce.
From this town for perhaps ten miles west,
nnd I know not how far north nnd south,
there Is a belt of forest ot fir and spruce. I
say forest, but perhaps Jungle Is a better
term; for It Is so dense with trees and under
brush that one can hardly see BO feet away.
Near Kozlenlce the Russian infantry, at
tacking In flank and front, fairly wrested the
enemy's position and drove him back Into
this Jungle. The front was Itself bristling
with guns. I counted in not over a mile 42
gun positions. The taking of this line was
In Itself a test of the mettle of the Russian
peasant soldier. Once In the wood the Russian
artillery was limited In Us effect upon the
enemy, and in any event the few roads
through the forest and the absence of ppen
places made Us use almost Impossible. The
enemy retired a little way into this wilder
ness and fortified. The Russians simply sent
their troops In after them.
The Battle of Ivangorod
The fight was now over a front of perhaps
20 kilometers; there was no strategy, It
was all very simple. In this belt were Ger
mans and Austrlans, They were to be driven
out If It took a month. Then began the
carnage. Day after day the Russians fed
troops In on their side of the wood. These
entered, were seen for a few minutes, then
disappeared in the labyrinth of trees and
were lost. Compantes, battalions, regiments
and even brigades were absolutely cut off
from all communication. None knew what
was going on anywhere but a few feet in
front. All knew that the only thing required
of them was to keep advancing. And they
did, Foot by foot, day by day, fighting hand
to hand, taking and retaking position after
position. For all of this 10 kilometers of for
est I venture to say there is hardly an aero
without Its trenches, rifle-pits, and now
graves. Here one sees where a dozen men
had a little fort all their own and fought
furiously with the enemy a few feet away
in a similar position,
Day after day It went on and day after
day troops were fed Into the Russian side of
the wood, and day after day the intermittent
crack of rifle fire and the roar of artillery
hurling shells into the wood could be heard
for miles. But the artillery played no very
great part, for the density of tho forest made
it impossible io get an effective range, Yet
the fire was kept up and the forest for miles
looks as though a hurricane had swept
through. Trees staggering from their shat
tered trunks and ilmbs hanging everywhere
show where the shrapnel have been burst
ing-
Yard by yard th raaka and lines of the
Austrtans werji 4$rm basis, tmt the aeawr
tfetb? -?tmi iuxM tttsw. fa tts & smtn
try west of the wood the hotter was the
contest waged; for each man in his owp
mind must have known how matters
would fare with the retreat once the open
country without shelter should be reached."
The Inst two kilometers of tho woody belt
nro something Incredible to behold; there
seems hardly an acre that is not sown like
the scene of a paper chase only here with
bloody bandages and bits of uniform. Still
there was meagre use for the artillery, but
the rifle and tho bayonet played tho leading
role. Men fighting hand to hand with
clubbed muskets and baypnets contested
each tree nnd ditch. But ever did the Rus
sians systematically, patiently, steadily feed
In the troops at their side of the wood.
The end was, of course, inevitable. The
troops of the dual alliance could not, I sup
pose, fill their losses and the Russians could.
Their army was under way, and as one sees
them these days one feels that they would
have taken that belt of wood it the entire
peasant population of the Czar had been
necessary to feed to the maw of that ghastly
monster of carnage In the forest. But at
last came the day when the dirty, grimy,
bloody soldiers of the Czar pushed their an
tagonists out of the far side of the belt of
woodland nnd what a scene there must have
been In this lovely bit of open country with
the quaint little vlllnge of Augustow at the
crossrouds! Once out in the open the hun
gry guns of the Russians, so long yapping
ineffectively without knowing what their
shells were doing, had their chance. Down
every road through the forest came the six
horse teams with the guns Jumping and
Jingling behind, with their accompanying
caissons heavy with death-charged shrapnel,
and the moment the enemy were In the clear
these batteries, eight guns to a unit, were
unllmbered on the fringe of the wood and
pouring out their death and destruction on
the wretched enemy, now retreating hastily
across the open. And the place where, the
Russians first turned loose on the retreat Is
a place to remember. Dead horses, bits of
men, blue uniforms, shattered transport,
overturned gun "carriages, bones, broken
skulls nnd grizzly bits of humanity strew
every acre of the ground.
The Battle ia Over
A Russian officer who seemed to be In au
thority on this gruesome spot volunteered
the Information that already they had burled
nt Kozlenlce, In the wood and on this open
spot, ie,0D0 dead, and as far as I could make
out the Joh was a long way from completed
when I was on the field. Those that had
fallen In the open and along the road had
been decently Interred, as the forests of
crosses for 10 miles along that bloody way
clearly Indicated; but back in the woods
themselves were hundreds and hundreds of.
bodies that lay as they had fallen. Bixtesn
thousand dead means at least 70,008 casual
ties all told, or 35,900 on a side If losses wer
equally distributed, And this figured on tn
basis of the 14,000 dead already buried, with
out allowing for the numbers of the fallen
that still lie about in the woods. And ytt
here is a battle the name of which is, I dare
say, hardly more than known in the United
States, yet the losses on both sides amount
to moro than the entire army that Mead
commanded at the Battle of Gettysburg.
(Coprrlrht, Ktvlw of nvlw. Comainy )
The March of Progress
Krera the Nw York Bun.
The town of Lynn, ilass . has a wlrelsis.
pre rm system. May it never call the hcr
wis engines to anything but a nreiesa nrf.
SCENT OP ROSES
One night I traveled over mountainous fJ
Ann reared tbe menace of Aimigniy wt
His crashing thunder made the summHf,
cower
When o'er my path, from out the dark the
Staking W bmt leap up .n dier dt&th
hl.w
The thrilling e!t of ro oeoiad wib
f Jm''' ' f w
sritjs mm w, t wt
!