Bi
EVENING LEDGER-PHlLABBLniA, THURSDAY, JANUARY 28 1916.
ittettW0 iHttyn
PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
crhus li. R cuntis. rMieKt.
JMi C. Mnttln, Treaturen Chartts It Luttlngton,
fMilp & Collins, .tohn n. William Dlrctor.
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Ctsut II. K Ccntte, Chairman.
jf. it 'wiiAi.nr; niccutiv Editor
JOHN C M Alt TIN Oenoraf Business Mnniiiser
in ' M i .. ,
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CLASS HAIL liATTElt.
PHILADELPHIA, TIIUnSDAY, JANUARY 20, 1!1G.
The world can be just as selfish as you are.
More Than $2000 n Dny
IN THE cost of exchange tickets alono It
Is costing tho cltbons of Philadelphia moro
than $2000 a day every day that real rapid
transit Is delayed.
New York Needs "Billy" Sunday
WHAT "Billy" Sunday is doing hero has
convinced a largo body of Now Torlc
clergymen that he Is needed In New York
nlso. They are doubtless right. Tho Invita
tion to visit that city, which a largo delega
tion of them Is coming hero to present today,
Is backed by tho profound conviction that ho
can do moro to put Hfo Into tho churches
and to attraot tho unchurched masses than
any other man In sight. They will sou how
tho crowds flock to hear him. They will
learn how tho meetings aro organized by tho
leaders of all the various churches, acting In
conjunction with his capablo staff. They will
discover that llttlo Is left to chance, and they
may be astonished to learn what modern
business efficiency applied to a religious cam
paign can accomplish.
If they look for it they will And critics of
Sunday's methods and manner and some who
are skeptical about tho permanent results.
But as they have committed themselves to
tho proposition that ho Is needed In New
York they will not be likely to seek out these
critics. They will And peoplo enough hero to
fortify their belief that they aro acting
wisely In making preparations for a great
religious campaign In Manhattan.
Judges and the Liquor Business
IT IS becoming apparent that under the
present law there can bo about as much
prohibition as tho peoplo desire. A few
months ago the Judges refused to renew
liquor licenses In a whole county, and yes
terday they granted 52 licenses In Columbia
County and rejected 54 applications for re
newal. Four towns in the county become
"dry," because of the protests against liquor
selling, and the number of saloons In other
towns is rcdUced.
The objection to the present law, however,
Is not that the communities cannot have tho
degree of restriction on tho sale of liquor that
they wish, but that tho election of Judges
should not become Involved in tho liquor is
sue. The proper duty of judges is to inter
pret tho laws nnd not to perform tho police
function of regulating any business.
Trying to Involve America in the War
THE so-called neutrality mass-meeting to
bo held in the Academy of Music tonight
Is really for the purpose of inciting anti
neutrality. The courso of the Government thus far has
been as nearly neutral as It Is possible for
human fallibility to make it. Whatever ad
vantage ono or the other of the belligerents
may gain from the purchase of warlike ma
terials here arises from its geographical posi
tion or from Its command of the sea. The
only effect of an act of Congress forbidding
tho sale of munitions of war would be to
weaken the arm of the belligerent which has
access to our markets and to strengthen tho
arm of its enemy. That Is, this would be'
the only effect upon tho combatants. But Its
effect upon the United States would be dis
astrous, for It would change this country
from a neutral Into nn ally of Germany.
Thero aro Americans who would like to see
their country allied with tho Kaiser. It is
their right to entertain this wish, Just as it is
the right of other Amorieans to believe thnt
if Germany can bo defeated in no other way
It la the duty of the Government In Washing
ton to Join forces with the Allies. But every
forward-looking person with a sense of tho
Issues Involved should do all In his power at
this time to discourage antl-neutrallty meet
ings such as that scheduled for tonight.
An Impending and Irrepressible Conflict
THE great war In Europe will pale Into
Insignificance when compared with tho
Irrepressible conflict that is impending. Ono
of the early skirmishes was fought in Ari
eona this week when the Legislature of that
State received a letter from Mollis Shane, of
Brooklyn, N, Y., asking for a list of unmarried
members who might be Interested In a matri
monial proposition. The House, with a
promptness worthy of a military genius, im
mediately referred tho communication to tho
Committee on Militia and Defense. That
body is now charged with the duty of mak
ing adequate preparations to resist an in
vasion, Dig for Both Subways and Sewers
IF PHILADELPHIA intends to demonstrate
1 the business efficiency of its government It
Will prepare to build the subways at the same
time that It Is relocating' the sewers.
If it wishes to demonstrate that the politi
cal government is extravagant and Indiffer
ent to efficiency and economy, It will allow
the streets to be torn open for the relocation
of the sewers that must be moved before the
BUbway cn be built. Then It Will have the
streets restored to their present condition,
and when the pavement has been relald It
will tear the streets up again and make the
flew excavations In the same place where the
streets were opened for the sewers, and will
spend $100,000 or $300,000 needlessly in doing
the same work twice.
Is thwe anybody in Councils' or anybody
cJw pulls the strings before Council acts,
whe has the audacity to stand up Jb public
and defend any such extravagant waste of
public funds? Or to justify any eueh long
M&tmued bWvktng of the streets In the
tw e XUm $&K Of t aay plauslblo
reason for Iho delay which such a courso
would Involve?
A single opening of the streets li enough
for both the subways and tho' sowers. Any
other course woufd Involve such a waste of
public money as almost to Justify criminal
Indictment of thoso responsible on tho charge
of mlsuro of tho funds of the people.
Give tlie Women a Clianec
rptlE present system of Initiative nnd rcfor
endttm In Pennsylvania will continue to
be satisfactory If tho machinery Is permitted
to operate. Tho Legislature, for Instnnce,
now Initiates a constitutional amendment. It
Is thereafter referred to tho electorate for
approval or rejection.
Tho demand for women's Bilffrngo has
shown sulllclcilt vitality to set tho Inltlatlvo
machinery In operation once. It will bo wlso
for tho Legislature to repeat Its sanction,
thus putting tho matter directly up to tho
people. It Is for tho men of tho Stato to say'
whether their mothers nnd wives liavo
enough Intelligence to vote. It Is for tho
wholo electorate to show whether It Is still
swayed by mcdlacvallsm or has nbsorbed
modern Ideas and Ideals. Thero Is no moro
reason in this day and generation why
women should bo considered tho mentnl In
feriors of men than thero Is to persist In tho
fallacy that the earth Is square. Tho con
trary In both cases has been amply demon
strated, It Is tho duty of tho Legislature, there
fore, to order a referendum. That Is all that
It Is asked to do or that It can do. The com
mon sense of tho voters will attend to tho
rest of tho program.
Admiral of the Mercantile Navy
THRIVE have been as yet no nominations
for Admiral of tho Mercantile Navy. It
will doubtless bo a position of very great re
sponsibility, for which reason thero will bo a
salary of magnltudo attached to tho office.
If thero Is not a fat plum waiting for somo
deserving Nobraskan who voted right during
tho desert days, It will bo because thoro is
not a jobless one left.
"Belong in the Penitentiary"
SECRETARY REDFIELD thinks that
steamship men belong In tho penitentiary.
lie and other members of tho Cabinet seem
to ho undpr thp ImnrMslon thnt If tho Clnv-
crnment buys merchant ships and operates
them on humanitarian principles tho reduced
rates resulting will assuro a far higher prlco
for American grain than is now received. In
other words, the profit ships nro now mak
ing will bo transferred to tho pockets of our
"farmers" and the domestic price of grain
be advanced accordingly. The prlco of wheat
In England is now tho American prlco plus
tho cost of carriage across the Atlantic. Tho
Secretary's idea Is to reduce this freight cost,
without any lowering of the English market,
and so, at one blow, raise the American mar
ket appreciably higher.
It must bo pleasing to people who are des
perately endeavoring to llvo within their In
comes to see the Administration devoting its
tlmo nnd efforts to increasing the cost of
foodstuffs. Tho Democratic party went into
power pledged to reduce tho high cost of liv
ing. It is doing everything In Us power to
increase tho high cost of living. It Is actually
planning to do with wheat and grain what, In
tho case of a private corporation, would lend
to cells for its officers. Its program contem
plates moving more grain out of the country
in the shortest possible time. It, in fact,
wants to send steamship men to the peniten
tiary on tho ground that they aro doing the
very thing which tho Government Itself wants
to do. Ship owners are capitalizing tho war
for their own benefit; the Administration
wants to capitalize it for the benefit of wheat
speculators, , Yet tho courso of tho ship
owners levies no toll on the American break
fast table, while that Is just what the Admin
istration plan would do.
Punch the American publio In tho stomach
and tho American public fights back. Sec
retary Itedfleld and his frlonds will And that
out before they get through playing the game.
.The Kaiser's Birthday
THE Germans in this city did what was
expected of them when they gathered last
night to celebrate tho Kaiser's birthday. If
those of them who have become American
citizens could forget tho place of their birth
or the original homo of their parents they
would make, pretty poor Americans. Tho
qualities of mind and heart which impel a
man to love his native country and the race
to which ho belongs are the bonds which hold
society together. Tho Kaiser typifies Ger
many, and Germans the world ovur must
pay their tribute of respect to him on his
birthday or be false to the best that Is in
them.
It seems that the snow-cleaners have a
reasonable kick,
Interest In opera at $5 a seat wanes, but
the "movies" are playing to crowded houses.
The higher the wheat the smaller the
loaves, and tho smaller the loaves tho greater
the suffering.
The employment bureau which Uncle Sam
opened In Washington is for the benefit of
worklngmen and not Jobless politicians.
There is too much talk about International
law. Tho developments of the last few years
have shown that "thero ain't no slch thing."
There was a time when most American
families raised what they ate. These days it,
is difficult to raise enough for even one meal.
Of course ex-President Taft Is against the
bill putting the Government In tho shipping
business. He can think straight on economic
questions.
Japan apparently has gone Into Kalo-Chau
to maintain the territorial Integrity of China
In the same way that it maintained Korean
territorial integrity.
" ' '- -
That first telephone communication from
New York to Sau Francisco had to go by
way of Philadelphia to get the necessary
push to send it clear across the continent.
Mr. Roosevelt used to threaten the Senate
With the Big Stick. In his time he was con
sidered something of a dlotator, too. But
now! Well, there might Just as well not be
any Senate,
It Is gratifying to know that William Jen
nings Bryan, Jr., has been appointed Assist
ant Unitsd States District Attorney for Ari
zona. The salary that accompanies the
honor is WHO the year, a small sum for a
Democrat of merit and steadfast loyalty.
Qvriwt. after all. is a tig family affair.
THE BOYHOOD DAYS
OF A SHORT MAN
Personality by Inches How Willie
Smith and Tcmplcton Tavistock Grew
Up to Be Famous But Different.
By BENJAMIN WAHE
CONCEIVE of Willie Smith', and likewise
J Tcmplcton Tavistoclr. Both boys aro, let
us say, on a parity In matters of health, of
parentage, rnnk, birth and means, and full
of that ripo savagery which Is common to
tho male of our species at the ago of 7.
Neither boy hart the advantage of tho other
In point of means or pulchritude. Tho
fathers of both boys wo will supposo to be
nothing more than commonplace millionaires
simply average specimens of the American
mlddto class. But already a fateful differ
ence has Insinuated Itself between these two
boys. A difference that will send them down
two absolutely diametrically opposlto lines
of life.
Templeton Is already taller than Wllllo.
At this point you will utter a superior
smile. How can such a trivial, such n mlnuto
detail malto tho least difference In tho
lives of theso two boys, so nearly allko In
every other particular? But wait and see,
Templeton Tavistock's very slight superior
ity In height means that In schoolboy gnmes
Templeton can Jump a little farther than
Willie. In their wrestling bouts Tomploton
will nearly always throw Willie. He can
run tho faster. All such things come a llttlo
easier to Templeton than to Willie. Ho Is
moro successful, nt hockey. Ho can play
football, whllo Wllllo Is too light nnd short
for tho team.
Everybody Notices It
Now follow this dllferenco a little further.
Tho other boys In tho school begin to notlco
this greater strength In Templeton. They
begin to look up to him. Bit by bit he bo
comes their leader. Tho llttlo girls also be
gin to notice this difference between Temple
ton and Willie. Whnt Is moro Important,
Templeton himself begins to notlco It. He has
already taken on Just a shndo of a swagger.
Ho chucks Wllllo Under tho chin; ho grabs
him playfully by tho scruff of tho neck and
with Impunity, because Wllllo Is not In a
position to Insist upon moro dignified treat
ment. Do you suppose Willie himself has not no
ticed this dllferenco between himself and hlii
friend? Ho noticed It first of all. In tho be
ginning his sleep was by no means the better
for his discovery. .As tho weeks flew by and
I tl10 physical difference between himself and
"Is friend became moro marked, Wllllo found
himself forced moro and more to take a back
seat in tho small athletics of the schoolyard.
Tho littlo girls all crowd about for places on
Temploton's sled when it comes to coasting.
Willie you will find sliding down in a solo
number. Things begin to look bad for Willie.
Ordinarily ho might give up thus early in life.
Ho might becomo morose. Bitterness, begin
ning thus early with him, might engender
in him, already nt the start of his life, tho
fatal philosophy of tho back seat. He might
at once begin to reckon himself as out of
It, a second-rater, for whom tho prizes are
not.
Willie Is No Quitter
But let us assume that WUIle Is no such
sort of boy. No quitter Is Willie. Tho boy
has stuff In him courage, cheerfulness,
backbone. As ho and Templeton grow older,
they go out to littlo parties. But you will
not find Willie there among the bas-reliefs
decorating tho walls. By then Templeton
Tavistock may bo a much better dancer than
ho. Yet somehow Willie, in those suround
ings, at least, contrives to bo as popular as
Templeton.
On the school athletic field ho may not
shine in football or hockey. But he can run,
ho discovers. His light weight, on thoso
short but strong legs of his, provides him
with a modicum of athletic glory, notwith
standing. Ho may not win so many plaudits
from the other boys, and especially from the
little girls. But lie Is not so far behind even
in physical games. But In tho drawing room,
at the llttlo parties, he has better luck still.
He may not bo admired for his fine height,
for his feats of strength, for his lovely danc
ing. But he has hit upon other ways of winning
admiration. Ho has found tho resort to
funny tactics, to perfect gallantry and bright
remarks. The llttlo girls prefer to danco
with Tcmplcton, but they prefer to talk with
Willie. Wllllo has learned to make up for
tho lack In his legs by the Ilmbcrness of his
tongue. Already ho Is learning something
that has never been brought to Templeton's
attention the power that lies in a sharpened
wit. That is something that Willie himself
might never have discovered, but that he
was early forced to balance against his
physical shortcomings his normal eagerness
to rise and prosper and be admired.
Stars in Different Spheres
By the tlmo they go to college, Willie and
Templeton are now very widely different In
deed. Willie has cultivated a fairly good
gamo of tennis, but Templeton, with his
greater reach, his greater strength and the
hardening and training of years of athletic
expurlenco, now Is already a star, well on the
way to the college championship. At college
Willie Smith sinks back into tho ordinary
chap simply n lover of exercise and an
average dub hand at games. Templeton is a
football captain, a shot-putter, a wonder at
hockey, one of tho shining lights of the col
legeat least in tho estimation of the sport
ing editors of tho newspapers.
But still Wllllo is not to be left behind.
You ought to hear Wllllo discuss "Dante."
Ho is editor of one of the college magazines.
He haB written a play that wins plaudits
from tho critics. In his senior year he Is so
fortunate as to win a prize from the manager
of a real theatre, While Templeton has been
out practicing with the crew, Willie has been
In his room reading the poets or tho news
papers. Or he has been going Into town,
to the theatres or the concerts. Probably
he has ventured a little article for a maga
zine. Both Templeton and WUIle are wel
comed at the college teas. Everybody wants
to see the football captain and hear him tell
of his games, But WUIle Is well able to carry
on a conversation with his elders. The ladies
talk literature with him. And he soon finds
himself able to make the older men quite
willing to tell him of their business princi
ples and experiences and give him expensive
cigars.
On an Equal Footing at Last
When Templeton Tavistock finishes' college
and begins real life, then comes the period
of handicap for him. The football field Is
behind him Willie Smith may be no genius,
but when Templeton has to put himself at
last on the same footing with Willie he finds
that Willie can now Jump farther than he,
In business. In the rl work of life
' " 7. " " . i
baa feea training his eyo and his mind, walla j
"'"" I
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Templeton has been exercising his legs. Tho
fact is, from having so long neglected his
mind in favor of his legs, Templeton finds
that his mind is never going to acquire that
Ilmbcrness which Wllllo has been so steadily
gaining.
Yet Templeton, too, Is a capable follow, no
fool, no mere physical ornament. Tho expe
rience that has come to him as captain of tho
football team Is of value. The habit of com
mand Is with him. He turns out to bo a good
hand at managing men. Ho may take to tho
army. Some shrewd business man may have
discovered his peculiar talents and made
him manager of a mine, or of a bank, where
his striking presence, his hearty manners nnd
his gift for winning the loyalty and tho best
services of other men aro worth good money.
Meanwhllo Willie, tho intellectual, has be
como a professor or a novelist or dramatist.
By then his small stature Is, In Its way, as
much an asset as tho height that sits so well
upon hid friend Templeton. The public
thinks it only fitting that the remarkable, tho
famous William Hleronymus Smith Bhould bo
small.
If They Could Have Changed Places
You see, neither one of theso boys Is supe
rior to the other at tho end of It all. They
may dlo equally famous, equally wealthy and
fortunate. But tho point Is, they aro differ
ent. And their physical differenced account
for their differences In calibre, In character
and in their attainments. If Templeton wero
tho small man Instead of Willie this situa
tion would be roversed. Templeton would
bo tho man of the study, Willie the man of
affairs.
AGAINST THE LITERACY TEST
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir la your doslro to find fault with President
Wllcon you aro qulto unfair to Illiterates. Somo
of tho very best Immigrants thnt ever came
to this country were so Illiterate as not to
have ever leameil tho alphabet. One was won
derful In physical and mental ability, an
extraordinary worker In many industries, both
In skill nnd quickness. When he came to this
country in 15)0 ho worked at laboring work on
the I2rle Hallrond at I'ort Jervis, then went in
the loundhouse, cleaning, firing and putting on
the road locomotives rendy for the engineer.
When the road was finished to Lake Erie he
moved to Dunkirk. He went to work there in
tho found! y of tho company and later In thf
machine shop, and became a flrat-class ma
chinist In tho panic of 1&73 he was tho only
man kept In employment. Later ho was on
impoitant employo In the Brooks Locomotive
Works, a subcontractor with several men work
ing for lilm, be keeping the accounts by mem
ory and never making a mistake. I can prove
this by many witnesses.
Another was a man in this city employed in
the wholesale flahhouse on Delaware avenue,
who utilized his memory to keep his accounts
for many years. More wonderful, still, was a
boy who attended tho same school with mo
for several ycais, who never could be taught
to distinguish one letter of the alphabet from
any other, yet had so extraordinary a memory
that one reading to him of his lesson was
sulllcient.
I read of a similar case In this State many
years ago, and heard nn old schoolmaster of
Rochester, N. Y., toll of a boy, It years old, of
similar disability. And lately read of another
case of the kind. I knew many very Intelligent
men who late In life learned to read and write.
William t-'obbett, tho linguist and grammarian,
could neither rend nor write when he entered
the DnglUh army, yet became a great scholar
and lively politician.
Treat the President fairly.
EDWARD MEAKIM.
Philadelphia, January 23. 1915.
The Evenino I.EDOKn is opposed to the liter
acy test, because It believes, with Mr. Meakim,
that some of the best Immigrants have been un
able to read and write. It haa not criticised
the President for his expressed views on the
unwisdom of a literacy test, but It has con
demned Congress for putting It In the bill sent
to tho President. Editor EVENtNa Lb doer.
FARMERS ENTITLED TO HIGH PRICES
To the Editor of the Eventna Ledger:
Sir In your article dealing with the Increased
pi Ice of wheat, you object very strenuously to
the poor paying a higher rate for their bread
and hint that the Administration should adopt
measures to prevent this. i
Tho returns Issued by the 'Government show
that the farmers realized last yean lcj than
jl7 per acre. As It coats fully $10 or more to
cultivate an acre and harvest the crop, the net
return could not exceed 1700 from a hundred.
work for very moderate pay.
You object to that man getting an Increased
price on his wheat.
If an Increase of 20 per cent, to a farmer U
to be curtailed as an extortion, what do you
say to an Increase of a thousand per cent, or
ten thousand per cent.?
Land In tho neighborhood of the Central
Dopot In New York was valued at 50 per foot
frontage 60 years ago. Today It would be con
sidered cheap at 110,000 per foot frontage. The
yearly rental of an acre of that land would be
about 1200,000, equivalent to the income of S00
farms.
You propose to put a curb bit on the farmer,
who is already taxed very exceaaivelyj but you
do not propose any check on the men who can
collect hundreds of thousands or even millions
of dollars yearly for no service.
AVojlJ not wisdom and justice advise that we
Increase the tax on those who now reap with
1 A unltfltl C Q-wl VAilllnA frllA lAH 4fcaA JT. It
hpnvlK on induslru? V A nfUlflT.atJSl
heavlly on Industry? W A.
Philadelphia, January IS, JJ15,
ANTICIPATING A HAKD WINTER
. - A
-jyC
A MILLION WOUNDED, THOUSANDS KILLED 1
Facts and Figures of the Terrific Yearly Toll of Industrial AccidenU
in the United States Some of Its Meanings The One Way Out.
By RAYMOND G. FULLER
BI3FORE tho war tho yearly toll of killed
and wounded among the industrial work
ers of Germany was one out of every 24 em
ployes. There Is now another way of killing
and wounding them, but tho available statis
tics of European battlefields are not suffi
ciently complete and reliable to furnish com
parison with these startling figures of Indus
trial casualties.
Tho industrial accident statistics of Amer
ica pre approaching adequacy with tho adop
tion and operation of compensation laws in
the various States. The Industrial Accident
Board of Massachusetts reports that tho
number of accidents per 1000 employes In 20
branches of Industry in that Stato for tho
year ondlng June 30, 1914, was as follows:
No. per
Industry. 1000.
Automobile factories 271
Foundries nnd metal working 257
Slaughter and packing houses 178
Electrical supplies 104
Rubber factories 153
Boxmnkers, wood 125
Tanneries 110
Car nnd railroad shops 99
Boxmakera, paper 74
Candy CG
Woolen and worsted mills 65
Cotton mills 64
Dyeing and finishing textiles 56
Carpet mills 55
Marble and stnne cutters 54
Boots and shoes CI
Makers of blnnkbooks, etc 45
Knitting mills 43
Jewelry factories 39
Clothing makers 21
Tho Accident Rate in America
That's ono accident for every ten men in
20 leading Industries! Somo of the Injuries
caused disability for less than a day, but
some of them brought death. Somo meant
bllndhess, or tho loss of limbs; Invalidism for
years, or-porhaps a lifetime.
Wallace D. Yaplo, chairman of the Indus
trial Commission of Ohio, makes a conserva
tive estimate that 855,866 accidents occur
yearly In this country In manufacturing, min
ing nnd commercial enterprises. Anxious not
to overstate, he sets the fatalities at about
0000. Gettysburg has the reputation of hav
ing been a pretty destructive battle. The
figures for Gettysburg battle are: Killed,
5664; wounded, 27,206; missing, 10,584; total,
43,454.
Tho United States Bureau of Labor esti
mates the total mortality from accidents in
tho United States to be between 30,000 and
35,000 annually, nnd tho non-fatal accidents
nro given ns approximately 2,000,000, Of tho
non-fatal accidents 1,000,000 occur In the man
ufacturing nnd mechanical pursuits,
The data which tho records of the Massa
chusetts Industrial Accident Board make
available aro interesting. The Industries of
that State are varied.
The Losses in Days' Work
The accident figures for Massachusetts for
tho year ending Juno 30, 1914, are; Non
fatal, 95,963; fatal, 608, Never had the people
of tho State been better educated In the prin
ciples of "safety first"; never had the con
ditions surrounding Industry been so good.
The employes In Massachusetts In this
period lost, as a result of industrial Injuries,
$3,172,410 In wages, Tho employers lost the
services of experienced workmen for 1,197,737
working days. The economlo loss to the em
ployers through the substitution of less effi
cient workmen was upward of $3,000,000,
Accidents don't pay.
Half of them are preventable, the board
asserts, through practical measures which
are rapidly being adopted In Massachusetts
(largely, by the way, In conjunction with, or
ns a consequence of, the compensation law),
Fatal accidents, 608, Think of saving 304
lives a year for industrial production. But
think of saving them for the workers them
selves and their families.
In the year under consideration, If we take
as a basis the number of days lost, 3992 per
sons were constantly disabled for a full year.
The average duration of disability as a re
suit of accident was 12.43 days.
"Wages of the Injured
Of the workmen killed or wounded 14.3 per
cent, were receiving wages of $8 or less; 62.2
per cent, wages of $12 or lessj 73.5, $15 or less.
How much do you suppose you could lay up
for a rainy day on $8 & week, or $12, or $157
How would you like to get into the accident
class, whatever your salary or bank account?
The average Income of the industrial
worker in the United States Is $600. In man-
ufacturlng Industries It Is $5$0. 75 per cent.
of the workers receiving less.
The Russell Sage Foundation has wti-
h
?K... ..
.-i
mated that an income under $800 Is not suffl.
cient to permit tho maintenance of a normal
standard of living for a fnmily consisting of
man, wife and three children.
Well, when an Industrial accident takt
away from tho wage-earner his income of
$600, and he has to pay uoctor's bills or go
without medical attendance, he's hard up.
Forty Years or Younger
Consider, too, that besides the time lost to
production and wage-earning by the million
industrial accidents which occur In this coun
try yearly, thero Is a vast social mlsfortuw
In tho fact that 75 per cent, or moro of th
workers killed In tho mills, factories and
mines are under 40 years of age; they ar
men whoso obligations to family and useful
ness to tho world have been only partially
fulfilled.
Tho only way to reduce to a minimum all
theso enormous costs to employers, employe!
and society is through workmen's compensa
tion. Liability Insurance?
Tho condition that John It. Commons found
in Wisconsin before" that State adopted a
compensation law was this:
Tho employers paid $1,025,000 to liability in
surance companies in 1911; scarcely $300,000
of it reached tho pockets of tho employes or
their dependents. Ten thousand men and
women Injured; only 10 per cent, of the In
jured workers or their dependents received
any part of that $300,000.
Damage suits? Common law?
Litigation Is expensive to both sides, and
wnsteful. It means ambulance-chasers, too.
An Ancient Trio
No recovery nt law is possible In 83.19 per ''
cent, of tho Instances of accidental Injury or j-
death In Industry. You have doubtless
heard of thoso archaic but still exlstont com
mon law defenses, "contributory negligence,"
"assumption of risk" and "fellow-servant." Ms
The truth about them was told by Chief
Justice Wlnslow, of the Supreme Court of
Wisconsin, who, In delivering an opinion la o
personal injury case, said:
"Principles which were first laid down la
the days of the small shop, few employes and
simple machinery could hardly be expected to
apply with Justice to the industrial condition
which now surround us. In those earlier
days the laborer ordinarily knew his fellow
workmen, worked with simple machinery ana
ran comparatively small risk of Injury.
"The genius of our present remarkable In
dustrlnl development requires that he carry
on his patlunt toll In company with verltaon
armies of fellow men, many of whom he can j
neither see nor Unowj it surrounds him with r
mlphtv nnrt rnmnllpntprl machinery driven W
forces beyond his control, whose relentleM 1
. .. ........ ... . -I ,..k.li Itnelf! 3 I
strengtn nvais inai oi ine wtuimoi "w. - j
and It requires him to labor day by day wltb
faculties at highest tension in places where ,
death lurks in ambush at his elbow, waltln ,
only a moment's inadvertence before U
strikes. '
"Tho faithful laborer la worthy Of his h"
In these latter days as never before, but l fg
....... .. -j . Ihiua de !
not enmieu to more, aim mo " ...- -- ,
pendent upon his labors entitled to ntfT. ,g
When he has yielded up life, or limb, or lf
in the service of that marvelous induitrlalw
which is our boast, shall not the great v"
for whom he wrought be charged with a "
of securing from want the laborer Um,.
he survive, as well as his helpleaa an ae
pendent ones? Shall these later a-lone P
the fearful price of the luxuries and com
fort which modern machinery brlngi wiuun
the reach of all 7"
THE JOYS OF TUB ROAD
Now the Joys of the road are chiefly then.
A crimson touch on the hardwood trees,
A vaJgrant morning wde and blue,
In early Fall, when the wind walk", too;
A shadowy highway cool and brown,
Alluring up and enticing down.
From ripped water to dappled ewamp,
From purple glory to acarlet pomp:
The outward eye, the quiet will,
And the striding heart from hill to bill.
An Idle noon, a bubbling aprlng.
The sea In the pine-topa murmuring;
A scrap of gossip at the ferry;
A comrade neither glum nor merry,
Asklnjr nothing, revealing naught, .hu.1. -But
minting W words from a fund of thoi.
These are the Joys of the open road,
For him who travels without le
bum Carman-