8
EVENING LBDOisJli-l'HILADBLPHIA, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY G
1916.
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f PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
CrM'S It. K CUntiS, rawietf.
irt fc MuMIn, TrMatireti Charles It. Lesinctett.
ywi'lB 8 CellliW) John 13 Williams. Director.
EmtontAljnoAnDi
Ctnes It. It CoatlS. Chairman.
r it XvnALBV Executive Editor
OUN d. MA.UTIN.
. .General Business Munsrer
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CU1H SUIt lUTlETt.
rillLADKLrillA. WF.PNE8.1AV, JANUAKV 6, 1913.
A. pubUa place is oq an opportunity. In it a
small man look smaller, Just as a small
statue on a big pedestal looks smaller
bj contrast.
Philadelphia's Old Man of tho Sea
IT IS Important that thoro should bo no
politics in tho Department of Health and
Charities. It la oven more important that
Philadelphia, In spending millions for n new
Blockley, should get a hospital plant that
la a hospital plant and not a hodgc-podgo of
buildings.
Philip H. Johnson, architect in perpetuity,
may bo, as many of his tfrlends hnvo claimed,
a perfectly competent man, although some
et tho "work for which ho Is responsible 1
not convincing evidence of tho fact; but It
Is Just as woll to remember that tho design
ing of n modern hospital calls for a special
kind of architectural training and experi
ence. Ordinarily tho genius of tho world
would bo levied on for an undertaking of
tho character of that proposed at Dlocklcy,
but Philip H. Johnson interposes an ancient
contract to prevent oven Philadelphia archl-
j; tects, among whom nro men Ltandlng at- tho
v top of tholr profession, from competing for
t tho work. Ho proposes to hold tho munlcl-
pallty to a heads-I-wln-talla-you-lose propo
sition, which has beon smeared with appar
ent legality, and delivers a practical ultlma
; turn to Philadelphia that It must take his
r kind of a hospital or not have any hospital
, at all. This monstrous Johnson contract has
been held by a lower court to be binding. Yet
it has In it tho earmarks of hostility to tho
public interest, is plainly antagonistic to pub
lic morality and could not withstand, It Is
Intimated, an attack based on tho ground that
it Js opposed to public policy.
Rather than spend millions for a model
hospital that would certainly not bo model,
it would bo wiso to glvo Mr. Johnson his
probable fees as a reward for his withdrawal
from tho situation. It is not npparont, how
ever, that such heroic treatment Is necessary.
Questions in Perspective
IT WILL bo a pity if tho comparatively
potty question of patronage shall -do allowed
to mar tho harmony of tho National Admln
""Wtratlon. Nover since tho days of tho Civil
War have so many considerations of flrst
xato importunco confronted an Am'orlcan
Government. Almost every dajMsomo prob
lem raised by tho European war cnlls for
the wisest handling. Tho present Adminis
tration is tho United States Government,
Rnd Republicans and Progressives, as well
as Democrats, dislike to seo its unity murred
at this tlmo by mere party questions.
Amid tho distracted nations of tho world
iiltttlt0
jJsJBBlfeB
. America must bo calm, well-poised and con
ftdentjpf Its own placo and mission. Out of
consideration for tho reully large things all
trivial matters must sink from sight. Granted
that the President Is right, or grnnted that
tho Senate is right It does not matter
which neither must jeopardize tho Influenco
of tho Government by pushing minor 'claims
to tho point that will make tho Administra
tion Ineffective or ridiculous. Just now both
tho President and tho Senate can afford to
walvo all questions of etlquetto or precedenco
or custom or technicality for tho sake of
harmony and liberty in dealing with Inter
national complications.
Tho Man With Three Wives
WHEN Ufa seta out to copy fiction It not
Infrequently surpasses its modol. Tho
Btory of tho Now York lawyer with three
Wives, now running In tho newspapers In
dally instalments, is a curious case enough.
Polygamy, whether simultaneous or succes
sive, is not uncommon; but a husband who
can divorce on woman, marry another and
Indulge in a "common law" union with a third,
and still retain the affection of tJnm nil offers
unique proof of "tho beauty and strength of
woman's devotion." Tho narrative has not
yet reached Its denouement, and tho moral It
Tolnto Is not altogether clear. Perhaps there
isn't any.
The triangular ardor of the gentleman who
thus indulged in "tho felicity of unbounded
domesticity" was known, it seems, to all the
objects of it before tho despairing act of
hla third partner, who put her two children to
death and Js now dying herself, brought it to
the attention of tho public. Even that tragic
climax has apparently failed to work a ma
terial change In the feelings of any of tho
tenants of his capacious heart. Nor has it
led to dissensions. Tho dying woman is being
comforted by the sympathy of her sisters In
misfortune, and neither she nor they will say
a word against the author of their miseries.
A novelist who attempted to deal with euoh
s TrftoHstion would bo hard put to it to carry
eonvlctlon to his readers. That only shows
how wide a. gulf there may bo between truth
and art.
Efficiency in Hash
Tl TAYOJt jaiTCHBL. of Now York, has an
"4.VX nounced that there are considerably
rmeaa -than, a hundred different ways of mak.
iJj$g hash. There h soma reason to believe
'Jawifc the boarding houses anticipated this
vry many years, nut tne empnasis now
on it ia nevertheless" worth while.
W use tho largest garbage cans of any
pyimpf ia tha world. Our "laf t-overe" would
j 4 half of Europe. A thrifty Frenchwoman
sever throw anything away, but she would
take no prlda in her skill If any man could
tell that tho delectable dish she served for
$ntaktut ceiMUited of the remnants of last
pfcBlng's meal. She la not addicted to hash as
$t huit. There are other things she an
Make of tli pk&ig from the turkey, Sh
1bw ocukery a a flae art ud as an ce
coiijk-ul art
,t,i,tvic m ta tmavi.mi hMupW s
clehey In tho kitchen. Intensified farming
hail made nomo headway In tho United
Slates, but Intensified cooking la something
wo know nothing about It would do Us and
tho savings banks no hnrm If we learned.
We nro careful of tho food for our machlnory,
but In fuel to keep the human organism SO
Iris wo nro wasteful and seem to be proud
of It. Wo can save two or three gold mines
a ear In our kitchens, and wo ought to do It.
A "Got-Thcrc" Governor
fT IS not unusual for a Legislature to eat
JL out of tho hand of a now Governor. DIs
clpllno Is always good before tho plums liavo
fallen. The rush to get on tho band wagon
at Harrlsburg, therefore, Is not startling;
neither is It particularly significant. Doctor
Brumbaugh stands for certain definite things,
good things', things the pcoplo want and
ought to hnvo. Ito Is backed by a magnifi
cent vote. Ho has a club in his hand and It
was put thero for him to use. Just now tho
clubbing Is not good becauso tho mere ap
pearance of the weapon Induces good be
havior. A nod from Jupiter is sufllcloni. So
nit fall Into line, Including Senator M'.NIchol,
and thoro Is a lovo feast th.it cntinat bo
without ndvantago to tho Commonwealth,
But these gentlemen wilt And that the only
way to keep on fooling tho schoolmaster Is
to keep on being good. Ha Is for local op
tion becauso ho wants' It and Is on record as
wanting It. Brumbaugh's platform and not
the Pittsburgh platform is tho ono thoy must
put Into execution. Either that or thero will
bo a ferulo for Itching palms. Tho Common
wealth is not deceived by present pleasing
auguries, but It docs strongly suspect that n
"Hvo one," not a mummy, Is about to got a
grip on tho tiller. Thero will bo somo sharp
tacking of tho "gct-thoro" quality.
Attention! Forward March !
NEITHUB Councils nor corporations can
thwart tho united will of tho people. Thoro
nro somo who have thought that Director
Merrltt Taylor was blurting whon ho claimed
that Philadelphia not only needed, but de
manded, high-speed transit and a complete
transportation system. Every ono who wants
to save tlmo and money In traveling to and
ftom home, cVory owner of real estato who
wishes It to appreciate In value, every citizen
who believes thnt Philadelphia ought to grow
Into a bigger and better city, should got into
lino January 14. Malta It a demonstration
that wilt demonstrate; a demonstration that
will leave not the least suspicion of doubt
us to how vital tho peoplo regard this issuo;
a demonstration that will bo an ultimatum
nnd a mandamus to all obstructionists.
United Slates Will Exercise Its Rights
THERE Is an overworked adago to tho ef
fect that solf-prcservntlon Is tho first law
of nature. Tho United States finds Itself
In tho present world crisis with an utterly
inadequato supply of merchant ships. In tho
emergency thero is but ono thing to do, and
that Is to buy what It can on tho open mar
ket, supplementing this by, a commercial
building plan. Thoro happens to bo many idlo
ships in our ports. That they belong to
citizens of a belligerent is true, but they nio
in no danger of capture where they arc, and
their transfer to American registry, nfter
bona fldo purchase, would In no senso bo an
evasion. Indeed, It is remarkablo that any
of the warring Powers should expect tho
United States to sit calmly by and do noth
ing to rellovo tho stagnation in tho shipping
world.
Tho Dacla is now an American ship. It Is
entitled to tho full protection of tho Gov
ernment. It will get It, for in this contro
versy Washington, fortunately enough, seems
disposed to show buclcbono and determina
tion. Nor Is It likely that tho fears of
namby-pamby Americans N will be realized.
London is disposed to rocognizo tho principle
that neutrals havo definite rights, not tho
least of which Is tho protection of their own
trado. Tho United States has carried neu
trality to an extreme; It cannot and should
not supinely acqulcsco In any furthor cur
tailment of Its rights and privileges. Prece
dent is being made on tho oceans In these
days. Even if thoro were no precedent to
govern the Dacla case, there would bo noth
ing to prevent us from establishing ono.
Mcxicanization of Baseball
THE Moxlcanlzatlon of professional base
ball proceeds merrily, tho exploitation of
Philadelphia being just now tho most lucra
tive and amusing part of tho performance.
"New lamps for old! Now lamps for old,"
Is part of tho story of Aladdin, and so tho
gentlemen who supply Philadelphia with
baseball for a price have been gleefully en
gaged in trading stars of tho first magnltudo
for some lesser lights whose faint glimmer
ings havo been intermittent and deceptive.
How genorous of Philadelphia to pour out
Its strength that others may have pennants!
In the case of the Athletics there are ex
tenuating circumstances for tho rest of tho
American League clubs were hopelessly out
classed and something had to be done to mako
the contests more even. A leaguo with but
ono heavyweight in it needs readjustment.
But no such condition existed in the older
organization, whose clubs approached each
other closely In near-greatness. What la
left of the Phillies, assuming that Alexander
may also be traded, would not frighten tha
Podunk nine on Independence Day.
It Is good to have dollars in tho treasury,
but it takes men to play baseball. The Phil
lies' have been very successful In developing
star players for their opponents.
How tho jobless must rejoice at the rising
wheat market!
In more ways, than one professional base
ball Is ''courting" disaster,
Nobody doubts tho efficiency of the navy;
it is the quantity that ia in dispute.
in. i . f
It is a good thing to be architect In per
petuity; that Is, Philadelphia Is the good
thing.
In General Obregon Carranza appears to
havo a little bit more than General VlTlancan
chew,
i z" " ,
If Congress will take care of the appropria
tions', Colonel' Goethals will take care or tie
elides.
Medlll McCormiok is back in the Republ
ican ranks and glad to be there. Mr; Mc
cormick. t seems, left the party a couple of
years ago.
' ' I II f H I ! I
The difficulty about whipping tho Russians
is thai the further your victories carry yon
Into the country the more terrible your exit
wilt be.
mi" ' m" ' v
Ther apparently If nothing for Congres
to da but d4jara that the Supreme C&jrt
was WrojHf a4 afdtad the ttatbte to akke
tlt Pafawry tattwa teayst flr tf fuu
THOMAS MOTT OSBORNE
ON SINGLING REFORMS
The Results Thus I'ar and tho Plans for
tho Future Only Lihorly Fits Pris
oners forLihcrly Prisons Should Bo
Training Schools.
Hy THOMAS MOTT OSUdRNti
TitJfit of Biog Sing Triton
AKTEtt years of study and very close oh
xiservntlon I am thoroughly convinced
that tho present punitive system of dealing
with criminal delinquents has proved a flat
failure. To establish this wo need to 'con
sider but two results: First, that tho pres
ent prison population In this country Is com
posed of from CO to 60 per cent, recidivists,
1. c., thoso serving a second, third or subse
quent term; sccohd, thnt our Stato prisons
have been an cxponso Instead of a source of
revenue (ns thoy should bo) to tho various
communities,
1 think that tho entire Idea of tho now
penology, such ns I hope to put Into working
order hero at Slug Sing, may bo summed up
In tho words of Mr. Gladstone, who onco
wroto In relation to Ireland's demand for
homo rule, and tho Idea that It must bo held
back until tho Irish had developed farther
and were ready for It: "It Is liberty alono
thnt fits men for llborty."
Tho prison system hns deprived prisoners
of even tho excrclsa of tho faculty that dif
ferentiates them from tho brute creation
tho power of speech; thoy havo been kept
down to a deadly existence wherein Initia
tive, talent or spirit has been looked upon
as Indicating "criminality," and yet these
attributes arc tho very attributes that count
for success In tho world at Iarrc. provided
thoy are directed nright. Instead of crush
ing them, thoy should bo developed In prison.
Tho prison system should educate tho pris
oner, teaching him self-control nnd self
rellanco by giving him an opportunity to
practice control and self-reliance; It should
bo a system whereby tho prisoner would bo
como Industrious becuuso of voluntary labor
In whloh ho takes a genuine Interest: It
should bo a system inculcating habits of
frugality and respect for law nnd order.
simply by giving tho pilsonor tho opportun
ity to manifest himself In that direction.
My belief Is that wo can only Judge another
human being by observing what ho docs In
tho exercise of choice Tho present system
denies tho prisoner all or practically all
right of choice, thus i educing him to the
level of n non-thinking, unintelligent animal.
"Good" Prisoners nnd "Bad"
Since assuming charge here I havo granted
a number of request-) by the prisoners look
ing to a greater freedom within these walls,
becauso In having this greater degree of
freedom among them I shall loam more
about each man, nnd bo hotter able to deter
mine which nro fit to go out Into tho world
and which nio not Under tho old system it
wns the old offender who got along best in
prison. Ho merely drifted along with tho
muddy current, nnd, not making himself
conspicuous In any way, was pronounced tt
"good" prisoner. Ho might bo a good pris
oner, but ho was a mighty bad citizen, ready
to work off nil his suppression, all Tils wick
edness and Irresponsibility so soon as tho
prison gates clanged him into freedom.
I cannot concelvo of a moro stupid process.
It is analogous to turning a patient out of a
hospital boforo being cured of smallpox or
yellow fever or leptosy. My conviction Is
that offenders against tho law should bo
kept in restraint so long ns they arc a
mennco to organized society; but that ic
straint should not bo cruel, It should not bo
destructive of charncter. It should work on
tho Individual unceasingly in' nn effort to
bring him to a normal mental and moral nnd
physical condition. Tho old system sought
to crush tho man who didn't drift. It aimed
to break his spirit, nnd usually accomplished
it. My aim is to develop spirit get It on
tho right track, for of what use is a spirit
less man, either in prison or out?
Tho food has been Improved, and without
extra cpcnso to tho Stato, merely by tho
exerclso of economy, careful purchasing nnd
tho elimination of waste. I hopo to develop
this to a much greater extent I am told
that largo circuses, whero employes havo to
be woll fed, expend an nverago of 9 cents per
diem per man for their dlotaiy It has been
costing tho Stato of New Yolk that much,
and more, to feed its prisoners on slops.
Furthermore, wholcsomo food makes whole
somo minds and bodies, nnd means better
work. Where thero was formerly an im
mense waste of bread eacli day (thrown
away by Inmates after thoy had nibbled It)
thero is now a saving of several barrels of
flour dally. This has meant bettor coffee,
better stew, etc. Tho men stopped throwing
away bread so soon as I asked them person
ally. I pointed out the practical effect of
waste.
Doing Away With Martyrdom
I have granted permission for thoso who
wish to do so to keep coll lights burning
until 10 p. m. Many of tho mon are studious,
and I believe in giving them all tho time
possible for healthy self-development.
Tho men nro now permitted to assemble In
the yard after work each day. This assures
bottor general health, and a lesser degree of
unrest.
Wo have established a prisoners' court.
Tho court consists of flyo prisoners, selected
or elected by their fellows. All violations
of the prison rules are heard by this court,
and any prisoner who Is not at work may
attend court. Under tho old system an In
fraction of the prison rules meant that tha
offender would bo subjected to a star-chamber
hearing before tho principal keeper and
arbitrarily punished. Of course, in nine
cases out pf ten tho offender cried that he
had not got a square deal, thus gaining tho
aympathy of tho rest of the Inmates. In
other words, unruly prisoners were .cither
pitied or else looked upon as martyrs, if not
heroes, by their' fellows. At present, owing
to the fact that the evidence is presented,
weighed, passed upon, and tho sentence lm
posed In public, the offender gets scant sym
pathy if convicted, and Jf acquitted he and
eyery ono else knows that Justice has been
done.
Additional to the prisoners' court there Is
the warden's court, or court of appeal. Any
case may bo appealed, even cases where the
accused is acquitted. The warden has a rep
resentative In court for the purpose of ap.
pealing Jf he thinks the prisoners' court has
bein either too lenient or too severe. The
warden's court consists of the warden, the
physician and the principal keeper. It is
also open to the public. To realize how suc
cessfully this system is working one needs
to attend a session of these courts. Also,
under this system, the prison discipline has
Improved wonderfully. There has not been
a serious Infraction of the rules since the
naw administration took he.ld on December
I.t Ua, prisnejr has been punished by the
dark ell or b being locked utt Punlsh
myti? have consisted in suspaklea o( priv
ileges the yard, writing letters, receiving
letters, attending entertainments, etc.
Stealing has stopped. Formerly thero was
a continual loss of shoe's by theft. This has
ceased, Tho men havo acquired an esprit de
corps, thoy nro moro cheerful, and tho old
look of chronic gloom has been replaced by
hopeful faces.
Prisoners1 Own Einploj ment Bureau
Tho prisoners, through their Self-Govcrn-ment
Brotherhood, havo established an em
ployment bureau. Any prisoner whoso rccoid
is good may apply for n position, to bo se
emed and to bo ready for him when his sen
tence expires. This bureau has been sub
scribed to by tho prisoners themselves, who
havo raised soveral hundred dollars ns an
initial fund for the brotherhood. This fund
has been augmented by subscriptions from
persons In tho outer world. It means that
every pilsonor has an Incentive to work hard
and oboy tho prison tulcs, In order to havo
woik to go to when ho leaves tho prison.
As for tho futuro: Bi Icily, I hopo to seo
Sing Sing converted into a receiving station,
whero all prisoners will first bo taken for a
careful examination, physically, mentally
and morally. After such examination each
man will be assigned to tho Stato Prison
best suited to his condition, but not, In case
of physical disease which can bo cured, until
a cure has been effected.
Wo hopo to havo tho Lcglslatuio appro
priate HUfllclent funds for tho purchaso of a
large prison fnrm, whero all prisoners may
bo self-supporting, and whero thoy will learn
to get their living honestly fiom tho source
of all human happiness the soil.
We hopo to secure the nbsoluto Indeter
minate sontonco (no minimum or maximum)
tho offender being merely sentenced to tho
care of tho State for training. Under this
system thoro will bono discharge of prisoners
fiom tho prison gates. Every man will bo
obliged to go forth on his honor, on parole.
If ho makes good for say ono year, or 18
monthB, ho receives nn absolute discharge
und Is icstored to citizenship automati
cally. If he fails to make goad, or commits
another crime, ho is returned for further
training, and without tho expense of a sec
ond tiinl. He may remain under tho caro
of tho Stato for tho remainder of his life, or
ho may woik out his salvation In two or
three years. It icsts with him entirely.
Wo hope to bo ablo to treat piisoners Indi
vidually, not en masse. Tho individual tieat
ment hnH been proven very successful, nnd It
should be extended.
THE FIFTH LARGEST INDUSTRY
Miraculous Crowth of the Movie Business.
Five Hundred Million Dollars Invested.
W, D. LaxioD, In Hirptr'i WttMjr
THE development of tho movlo during
tho past eight years Is a phenomenon
which should Impel ancient Aladdin if ho
knows about it to turn over in his grave.
It Is without parallel or comparison. It
would challenge the elasticity of tho Imag
ination wore thero not the facts to chain us
to actuality. In 19H, up to tho beginning of
December, American manufacturers havo
turned out no less than 10,000 sepaiato reels
of negative film, from each of which reels 35
"positive" copies, on an average, aro mado.
Tho standard reel Is 1000 feet long, which
makes 360,000,000 feet of film all told, includ
ing botli the originals and copies! About
68,000 miles of motion pictures enough to go
round the globe a little less than threo times.
In one year less a month!
Tho cost of producing the ordinary sort
of originals is at least is a foot. This means
120,000,000 spent In making the negative reels
alone. Tho 350,000,000 of copies cost i cents
a foot, which totals $17,000,000 for these. Al
together J37.000.000 spent In the manufacture
of nlma In 11 months. Some figures! Yes,
and they are not all. For this estimate does
not take Into account the special feature
projects recently become an Important factor
in tha film industry, on a single one or which
may be spent, ns In the case pf a much ad
vertised seven-reel drama now playing, as
high as J300.QOO.
It is estimated that there are today be
tween 17,000 and 18,000 motion picture theatres
Jn the United States, to which mora than
10,000,000 people go dally. A commission ap
pointed by the Mayor of Cleveland In 1813
reported that one-sixth of the population of
that city went to movie shows at least once
a day. During the summer months of 1914
the National Board of Censorship estimated
that Jn New York city between 850,000 and
000,000 people one-seventh of the total popu
latlpn attended the motion picture theatres
dally. Admission receipts total in 19U (to
December 1) approximately J318.000.000 for the
movie theatres of the country.
Over J500.000.000 of actual capital has been
Invested in the business of making and ex
hibiting nlms in the United States. Two
hundred nnd fifty thousand emplpyes find in
U a means of livelihood Including all its
ramifications and affiliation, the industry Is
culled the fifth largest In the land, and the
total value af the property and good will of
U all i practically ltlnihe.
"REPAIRING OR JUST TINKERING?"
FRANKLIN'S LAMPS FOR
INDEPENDENCE SQUARE
Grounds to Be Made an Appropriate
Setting for Historic Buildings Will
Be Given More of Their Old Time
Appearance.
By HORACE WELLS SELLERS
Secrcury Philadelphia Cliipter, American Institute ot ArcMteeU
W.
HEN tho city authorities in 1911 ac
cepted tho offer of tho Philadelphia
Chapter of tho American Institute of Archi
tects to prepare the plans for tho restora
tion of Congress Hall at 6th nnd Chestnut
streets, certain Improvements to Independ
ence Square woro also contemplated. Later,
when tho work at tho hall was nearlng
completion and the necessity for bettering
tho conditions of the equnrc becamo more
fully appreciated the chapter wns called
upon to prepare definite plans for such Im
provements ns it might deem essential, the
primary object being to removo existing In
congruities and bring tho square Into closer
harmony with tho entire group of historic
buildings for which tho ground should con
stitute an npproprlato setting.
After fully considering tho past history
of tho squaro und existing conditions of
truffle and other governing details of tho
problem, tho Commltteo of Architects ap
pointed by tho chapter lias llnally arrived at
tho following general scheme: It being obvi
ously Inadvisable to restore the high brick
Wall or tho iron palisade, it was decided to
return to a low wall of brick with marble
copings, and to treat the details, entrances,
etc., in accordance with tho practlco during
tho period of tho buildings, In the belief that
such a treatment will bring tho square into
closer architectural relation to tho ancient
structures, and produco the harmonious ef
fect now so conspicuously absent.
Modern Requirements
In tho general layout ot tho square no at
tempt will bo mado to restore It to tho exact
conditions existing In tho 18th century, not
only because full knowledge of theso condi
tions in detail 13 wanting, but for the reason
tliut modern requirements of traffic would
mako such a restoration inexpedient.
On the south fiont of tho Stato House,
whero the present arrangement of the paths
has created small grass areas frequently
crossed by pedestrians, being in the line of
trafllc, tho proposed plan calls for an exten
sion of tho pavement In front of tho building
to eliminate theso grass plots and to give a
broader and more Interesting sotting for the
Stato House. It Is proposed also to broaden
the main avonuo oxtendlnc from th Stntn
Houso tower to tho Walnut street entrance
to correspond as closely as possible with the
original conditions, excepting that the at
tractive vista afforded In oldon times is now
partially blocked by tho statue that has been
placed on this axis.
Tho brick paving of the arcades on each
sldo of the Stato House will be extended for
a sufficient distance to restore what seems
to havo been the former condition In this re
spect or approximate to it, retaining else
where, however, tha general scheme of fiag
stono pavement that now exists in tho square.
On tho Chestnut Btreot front a brick pave
ment will also bo introduced from the build
ings to the main Una of traffic along the
Btreet, and where tha brick and- flagstone
pavements join a line of low round posts will
be Introduced, audi as It seems originally
existed on the Chestnut street front and
which, it IS believed, will assist materially
In separating the State House from the line
of traffic without Interfering with the con
venience ot pedestrians,
It is also suggested tnat by restoring the
row of trees that formerly existed on this
line the present baldness of the unshaded
sidewalk will bo relieved, besides still further
creating a feeling of separation from the
bustle of the street that It Is believed so
venerable a structure as the State Housa
should possess. The proposition to restore
the trees should meet with the same favor
mat greeiea tneir introduction In 1821, when
one of the dally papers commenting on the
Improvement stated that "it will be a salu
brious exchange from the arid bricks that
have been broiling our brains there for 60
years,"
The Story of the Lanterns
The improvements to the square yet to be
realized includealsq a change the system
of lighting. After preparing various original
designs for lamp posts the Chapter Commit,
tee has -decided to Introduce the form of
Japtern and post that was used in the 18th
century. After exhaustive research this
original post and lantern were reproduced
through the examination of many ancient
Srtnts and views In this and other cities
and slaca th. deetsn & spared It psut
been confirmed by tho dlscovory ot on i
the original lanicrns rormeny in front d
tho Stato HouSo. This typo of lantern if.
pears to havo originated In Philadelphia iti
to havo been subsequently adopted In olhu
cities, for In tho writings of Benjamin Frank.
Up. It Is stated that tho first lamps used U
Philadelphia for municipal lighting cti
supplied from London and consisted of i
cylinder of glass with a metal hood without
provision for ventilation from bolow, anj b
conscqucnco tho smoke soon darkened tli
glObe, rendorlng tho lamps Ineffective wltUi
a few hours, besides making it necessary u
clean them dally.
This condition ho noticed in London darlcil
Ills residence there, and with view to Im
proving tho Philadelphia lanterns he "icj.
gested tho composing of them of four fiat
panes with a long funnel above to drawn?
the smoke and crevices' admitting atr below
to facilitate tho ascent of the smoke." ""B
this means," he adds, "they were kept clett"
and did not grow dark In a fow hours, as ill
London lamps do, but continue bright until
morning, nnd an accidental stroke woA
generally break but a Binglo pane, callrn
nnlrpd." f
- - ,j
Happily tills form of lantern is in deUD
more interesting and shapely than the faaa-
lar type that followed tho Introduction el
gas, and besides being appropriate to til
surroundings in Independence Square IU
use will havo an interesting historical signU-
cance.
When we consider that Independence Hall
Is visited annually by nearly a million pet'
sons, moro than any other building of Un
kind or museum in tho country, our clrle.
pride, if not our commercial Instinct, shoald
nmmni ns tn nlnco this landmark beyond ttl
reach of criticism. When tho plans' for tij'i
Improvement of tho square aro fully reaWM
there will remain only the moro compleli,
restoration of the buildings to show the ptfr,
pie of the country that our city apprecWtf
and Is faithful to its trust as custodian a
this our most sacred national monument
Bad Teeth and Crime
From American Medicine,
Defective physical development hns been 3
most certainly proved to bo the primary caurt)
of much antisocial conduct, particularly
boys, and girls also. Back of that, apparently
Is "deficient and poor food. -Jllsdemeanore W
crimes aro being traced back to a materl
basis. The delinquents are not able to j
normally. Psychologists have found that th
tested or delayed mental development Is 'i
moat the rule among jouthful criminals. 0J,
course, somo may have been taught to be W
but the largo number of splendid citizens TO
were raised In the slums shows that tve to",
vastly overestimated the environments B"oj
effect upon the healthy. .."
It seems that the baneful teaching of m,
companions are effective in proportion to pt
badness of the pupil's physique. Such a W
or girl could be taught to be good, but am
easily fall under temptation In adult life-
prevention and cure of moral delinquency nan,,
theroforc been drifting from the hands of '
allsts to those of physicians. Tho earlier IW
treatment begins the better the results.
One ot the main effects of bad developmioVj
bad nutiitlon and Infection in childhood Is wy
dofectlve nature of the materials In tho tet'(
They are practically never good In such unior,
tunatea. and. of course, they Increase "i
damage by interfering with mastication aa9 wj
constant poisoning from the numerous pu "Ji
they"harbor. One of the most satlsfacw
parts of chool hygiene la the attention , gn",
A it. , nv..1 ..n... wa lfltirn that SliCn SV03
results have obtained in young delinquents Ms
to have created the opinion tnat oeieciivo -.
tltlon Is In reality thfe main causes of their iw,
morality.
This is going a bit too far, but no barm Cs
esult If any reformer does think so. for
will direct attention to the ultimate cause "U
Will klllVUl uktcmiuii iw n m,.,....w ,
perhaps lead to prevention of some ot m
though we do not know wnere we arq -,
the money or food to nourish the great ma" (
ImhloH nf tlm RnVimorir,.,! tenth. Sod 3 '!
..AK. .. ..... t.. ......... fe,.imA nhlBlft
acv-iiia. avmv lllliai KV tiuiiaijr, mn.ii, r-" ..
defectives and drift to the reformatories, to tj.
patched up as far as our means permit
LIFE'S LOVELINESS
Think lovely thoughts, that every day be p'm.M
Look thou for God, nor fancy Him ncW'v
ilnno T,rth'o rnmmnn nrnv the flOWerR "i
f v .a' waMwF Tw -- --
Will breathe His name to thee when thou &4
pass,
Tn Ihv rtlvlnot otf IT tnnds revealed,
His conquering power through love made tu
Ifeat.
Speak lovely words, to fall like sunlight rftj
That youth may be so long ana ago o t
Tn nriri tn tnv In Ufa n lfttl more.
And take some misery out of earth vast sWj
Bo Shalt, thou walk wltn giaaneee "4 --
grief,
Planting a hope in all the thorny ways
Do lovely deeds, of brotherhood the bond.
Each hurden noblv lifted and each ta
TCnrh rifcv'H ntnfn rintv t.nphM thafi 10 blfcf
Tli tH.nilUai. llu. hniu In their lonellneM.
Ero yet they near the Shadows sad lh Wffjj
Ana those untrodden paths that strewn """ -
Thoughts, words, and deeds) To tn
vk Ih llt
This U the creed that counts. VnfllncMft
tr.li
SUuneh fortitude, and strength of patic
Securely treading though the way be worn,
Fronting the tfiht. mr frl$ to rees .
Fatipg the right, nor Jeo&tnjt " ,
raa
lTitmttnf t fwawfc
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