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SATURDAY EVENING REVIEW OF THE
SewSeic in
washington
Political Talk iri the National
Capital Domestic Problems and
. Foreign Affairs
! ta.IK and the Southern cotton sit-
tlon wer forced Into the background
. Via nfllMaln In Wnftlilnirtnn
I hi) weK, a"" " "
v wore consideration to politics. Un
WMed forecasts give the control or tho
rf use ot Representatives In tho next
Congress to the Democrats by a majority
( from 3 t0 60 membrs. Republican
Lder appeared conndent of victory,
however, and offered figures to show that
,!, Democratic majority In the House
ulli be overthrown on next Tuesday.
mlonel George Harvey, after conferring
J
1
1th President Wilson on Wednesday,
tredlcted that the Domocrats will win
if next House by a majority of from
a in 100 members. Republican Bona
fr h9 eald, will bo rcpViccd by Demo
rrkU In Kansas, Ohio, Illinois and New
York President Wilson continued his
"letter writing campaign" until Thuilsdny.
tSiiie he Indorsed Senatorial, Gubcrna
i.j.i nd Congressional candidates in
rly a core ot Sttee. Roger C. Sulll
rin the Democrats Senatorial nominee
Ii Illinois, was not Included In this list.
Btitements filed with tho Secretary of
... onnto and tne Clerk of tho House of
topresentatlvcs under tho provisions of
the i campaign publicity law showed small
urtentlltures by Senatorial and Congrcs-
-,l.,.,..M ,1,1. ,tV ni.1l, fowl
ftlOnal CanUlUMWO Ul Wu Hl'TO V'HItUI
NOTHING
turtles Many of the candidates, under
okth. stated that they had not Invested
cue cent to advance their chances of
lection.
With the adjournment of Congress on
tut Saturday, Senators and Representa
tives who are candidates for re-election
In doubtful States and districts hurried
to their homes to take personal charge
ef their campaigns. With the exception
cf the Secretary of the Treasury and
the Attorney General, who wero detained
in Washington because of pressing public
duties, every member of the President's
Cabinet was engaged In speech-making
tours during the week. "Stand by the
Preiident" was the argument advanced
fcir the Cabinet officers.
"Mother" Jones visited the White House
on Wednesday to urge the President to
close the Colorado mines unless the opera
ton accept the trace suggested by the
President and agreed to by the miners.
On Thursday Attorney General Gregory
u In conference with tho President
for more than an hour. Ho is believed to
lave gone over the Colorado strike situa
tion with the President, who Is known
to be deeply Interested In arriving at
lome satisfactory solution of the problem.
Ambassador Gerard cabled the State
Department from Berlin that Germany
Md Austria will take 7E0O bales of cotton
monthly The Federal Reserve Board
completed tho .cotton loan plan. An
nouncement was ratido that J135.000.000 will
be raised to be administered by a com
mittee of nine. Including two members
of the Federal Reserve Board. Assur
ances were given by Sir Cecil Spring
Rice, the British AmhnnHiirinr. that Brlt-
lh warships will not stop American cot-
ion going to Germany.
LAWYERS ON THE LAW
The sessions of the American Bar Aeso
eUtlon last week were the oocaslon of
speeches by leading Americans, In the
profession and In political life, which
hve voked the moat Interested dlsous
ion. As an Infinite variety of topics
u dJaoassed the editorial comment
Trtes widely, but ex-President Taft's
Wale of the Administration's) handling of
U International situation, President WIN
a's words on precedents and BHhu
Root's warning concerning American
overproduction of laws, were particularly
WJrwtlve. The respect In which the as
sociation la held Is reflected In the serious
tone of all the editorials.
There Is much sympathy with thU view.
tbs complex processes of the law and the
wenulcaiitles of the law suggest to the
"rsge mind the explanation made to the
president by the lawyer he quoted that
Precedent guidance and not Justice guld
no Is the object of tho law. Senator
foot, also, before the national assocta
ti if50"4 the uncertainty of lltlga
11b?' . New' "r Sun, along the same
". holds that our court procedure Is too
"cnnical and complicated and constantly
iTowln more so. "Especially do the
" Of evtdsnce need revision. The
ft J majs bu,lt t exclude irrelevancy
?f"n "huts out the truth, 'an exceedingly
a uricult thing to telV "Atlanta Chronl-
Ther. , '
& 2.H?- than ex-Presldent Taft. but
v,. , "" suuauon In ins speecn oi
i!fj , "?? t0 the American Bar Associa-
Arni,i Tatt declared that the whole
dent i PeP'e were back of the Presl-
Jnini.. thl Pn"cular phase of his Ad-
coX Uon a,ld that he possessed their ,
AmSr PrwlJcnt Taft, addressing the
Wan,"". Bar Association, once more
Vclr.5i i country of the hazard In-
rta lo mowing a State, or individual
EVENING
clllrons, to violate the nation's treaty ob
ligations without being challenged or
punished therefor. Mr. Taft's allusion
was unmistakably to the Japanese In
California, and to California's law (en
acted over the vigorous protest of the
President and Secretary Bryan), which
denies the Japanese the equal treatment
guaranteed to them by treaty.-St Louis
Post Dispatch.
Do we pass too many laws? Accord
ing to Sonator Hoot, our National and
State Legislatures passed 62,011 statutes
during tho five years from 1909 to 1913
Inclusive. During the samo five years
61,379 decisions of the national and State
courts of last resort necessitated large
ly by these laws were reported In 630
volumes. Common experience tends to
confirm the statistics. It Is an unfortu
nate fact that there is n widely held
Impression that the remedy for almost
everything Is to pass a new law. Nascent
statesmen are always bringing forward
proposals. Thero Is often quite an Im
patience with the suggestion that the
old laws aro amply sufficient New York
Herald.
The President, It seems to us, made
rather the common mlstako of falling to
distinguish between tho BUbstantlvo law
and the codes of proccduro and rules
of evidence and of Interpretation that
aro adhered to with Idolatrous revcronco
In tho courthouse. The result Is to give
the advantage, not to the law, but to
those who wish to outwit it. By reason
of the almost lmposslblo proccduro In
sisted on In the trial of cases and tho
Impediments put in the way of those who
aro charged with the enforcement of
laws, one who Is able to employ oxpert
direction can evado and violate the law
without much fear of Incurring Ita pen
alties. Galveston News.
From the Brooklyn KarU.
IN IT
POLITICAL PROSPECTS
Canvasses to determine tho political oom
plexlon of the next Congress were made
last week by threo New York papers. Tho
results are Interesting both In their
agreements and In their differences.
The Herald figures show that tho Dem
ocrats will hold control In the House. It
says.
"The canvass to date Indicates a Demo
cratic victory. It may not be 'as deep
as a well or as wide as a church door,'
but tho Democratic leaders insist that it
will servo their purpose that It will in
sure a safe working majority In both
House and Senate. The Herald's figures
at this stage Indicate that the Democratto
majority -n 111 bo somewhere between 15
and 60.
Here Is a recapitulation of the results
thus far of the canvass:
Democrats sure 211
Republicans sure ... 163
Progressive sure - 1
Doubtful 60
Nocessary to control the House 213
The Herald forecasts the result of the
coming election In this State as follows:
Democrats, 6; Republicans, 23, and doubt
ful, 5. This would Indicate a gain ot 3
Republicans and a loss of t Democrats.
The World says as to this State that
the new House delegation will be: Demo
crats, 9; Republicans, 21; Progressives, 3,
and doubtful, 3. Tills would Indicate a
gain of 4 Republicans, a loss of 3 Demo
crats and a loss of 3 Progressives,
The Bun says the next delegation will
be: Republicans, 28; Democrats, 7, and
Progressives, L This would Indicate a
gain of 11 for the Republicans, a loss of
18 for tho Democrats, and 6 for the Pro
gressives. Tho World reports the result ot Investi
gations made by Its correspondents as
follows:
"In tho Senate thero will probably bo
B4 to 56" Democrats and 41 to 43 Republi
cans, as against SI Democrats and 45
Republicans at present.
"The House of Representatives In the
64th Congress will contain at least 227
Democrats, 173 Republicans and 11 Pro
gressives, with 19 districts doubtful."
The Sun says:
"A Demooratlo Congress by a safe mar
gin In both houses about 43 majority in
the House and at least tt majority In the
Senate,"
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LEDftEtt-PHmAJDEKPHlA, SATTTBPAY, OOTOBEB
ON MATTERS
OF BUSINESS
Nntion-wido Optimism Shown in
Editorial Comment on Present
Conditions and Opportunities
The swing toward business prosperity,
which waa noted throughout tho country
last week, and which mado the editorial
pages of the newspapers suoh cheerful
reading, Is oven more marked this week.
Few are the discordant notes which com
monly occur In political discussions.
Without partisan bias the papelfc of the
United States confirm prosperity not as
a political asset, but as a fact The cot
ton situation In the South seems to have
settled to a certain extent, and support
ers of the present Administration are
warm In their approval of the resoluto
stand mado against the cotton amend
ment to the war tax bill. Bvon the Presi
dent's remarks about business depression,
and Its connection with "nerves" has
brought but little sarcastic comment, In
significant In comparison with that
brought forth by his "psychological de
pression" of some time ngo.
The prospects for foreign trade, now
Including cotton by reason of Great
Britain's decision that cotton would not
bo considered contraband, seem very
bright to tho editorial writers, and the
Increase In shipping tonnage under tho
American flag Is taken as a promise of
a strong merchant marine. A further
significant feature of the week, much
commented upon, Is the suggestion mado
by Sir Gcorgo Pnlsh, that probably Great
Britain would bo witling to take part of
3200,000,000 In cotton, Instead of In gold In
payment of tho country's debt to her.
Does Mr. Wilson suppose thot business
men, manufacturers, farmers and laborers
have only to wish good times, when, pres
to, good times appear? Is It not Just possi
ble that. In addition to a lack ot confidence
thore are certain fundamental reasons to
be found In the Democratic policy that ex
plain tho BUdden transition from pros
perity under Tnft to stagnation under
Wilson? If these fundamental reasons
did not oxlst It would be much easier to
correct the state of mind that tho Presi
dent holds responsible for existing condi
tions. Springfield Union.
Many men who make a study of such
matters predict that next spring will see a
great forward movement In American In
dustry and commerce, which seoms quite
likely. "When New York and New Eng
land begin to show optimism the rest of
tho country may well cheer up a bit. We
have tho stuff to sell and are finding the
market for It Indianapolis News.
Unreasoning conservatism Is having Its
usual baneful effects on business In the
reduction of wages and dlvldonds. Many
American companies have earned their
dividends, but havo not paid them. This
Inevitably curtails tho Incomo of all
stockholders and wage-earners; they In
turn decrease their purchase of goods,
and this reacts on tho merchants and all
lines of manufacturing. Tho only excuse
given for not paying earned dividends Is
fortifying Industry against war emer
gencies of the future. The money will
bo hoarded In the treasuries of railroads
and Industries and not spent for useful
enlargements, or the promotion of new
business. Milwaukee Journal.
Tho royal opportunities are ours, but
wo must build tho roads to them. We
shall have a merchant marine when we
meet the logic- of the situation, even If
that logic leads to ship subsidies. Wo
shall not have South American trade un
til we have accepted tho facta as they
exist, until we have settled the primary
problems of banking and exchange and
realized that the nation that buys the
products of another nation will, In the
long run, sell Its own products In ex
change to that same nation. Albany
Knickerbocker Press.
The true way to dovelop our trnde with
South America and expand our merchant
marine is for tho Government to glvo
ship owners encouragement to build on
their own account. Most other Govern
ments stimulate the growth of their mer
chant marine by national aid. It has been
proposed that 330,000,000 of public money
shall be devoted to the Administration's
project. This sum Is three or four times
the amount of Federal aid required to
offset some of the disadvantages under
which our merchant marine is laboring
In Its competition with our rivals. Boston
Transcript.
INVASION OF CANADA
The statoment of Count von Bernstorff
concerning a possible Invasion of Canada
by the Germans, Interpreted to this coun
try by Dr. Bernard Dernberg and then
published by Von Bernstorff, has given
rise to some editorial apprehension con
cerning the relntlon of this country to
Germany In such an event and tho fate
of the Monroe Doctrine when the Issue
comes. Most of Jhe editors admit, how
ever, that the question Is purely theoret
ical, Interesting to speculate about, buj
not likely to Inflame the minds of their
readers.
The Monroe Doctrine never has been
and never will be stronger than the phy
sical force the United States can bring1
to Its support Had this nation been
challenged to support the Monroe Doctrine
by physical force on some occasions in
the past there might have been a sorry
story to tell. But It Is to be hoped this
war Is teachlnr the United States the les
son It should have learned long ago that
wo must always be able to enforce tho
Monroe Doctrine by physical force If
challenged to do so. Knickerbocker
Press.
Should German troops ever Invade Can
ada the application of the Monroe Doc
trine to the specific case will be defined
In Washington, not In Berlin. New York
World.
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SHARK
WEEK'S EVENTS HERE, THERE AND EVERYWHERE
t-.j.jR.'-h in ii. riiTft'.' i i . - '""
POLITICS IN
PENNSYLVANIA
Significant Incidents and Develop
ments of the Final Week of
State Campaign
Tho most dramatlo political event of
the week was the whirlwind tour of the
State by Colonel Theodore Roosevelt In
behalf of the candidacy of Gtfford Pin
shot and Vanoo C. McCormlclc The for
mer President, in a series of meetings
attended by hugo crowds, attacked Sen
ator Penrose and described his record as
the vilest stain upon the political and
moral conscience of Pennsylvania. He
repeatedly called upon the voters of the
State to defeat Mr. Penrose and elim
inate him entirely from public life.
Perhaps of equal Interest with Mr.
Roosevelt's invasion of the State was
tho publication by the Evening Ledoeu
of the evidence which would have been
presented to the Senate Committee on
Privileges and Elections had that body
voted to investigate before election day
tho methods employed to gain the Re
publican senatorial nomination In Penn
sylvania for Boles Penrose. The ovi
dence shows that collections twice the
sire of Lorlmer's were obtained for the
nomination ot Mr. Penrose, and Us na
ture clearly portends that the election
of Senator Penrose would be a signal
for an Immediate Investigation and tho
expulsion of Senator Penrose from the
Senate to the disgrace of the State of
Pennsylvania. The evidence Is, In part,
that more than 31,000,000 was assessed on
liquor dealers for campaign purposes,
and that the Internal Revenue Collectors
have data proving that distilleries In the
western part of the State were forced to
contribute to the relentless organization
behind Mr. Penrose.
What may perhaps throw an Illuminat
ing Ugh upon the attitude of the Vares
toward Sonator Penrose, particularly as
a result of the expose- of Senator Pen
rose's betrayal of these two political
leaders. Is the statement made by State
Benator Edwin H. Vare In his address
before tho Republican City Committee on
Monday. Benator Vnre Ignored entirely
the name and office of Penrose, and re
ferred to Doctor Brumbaugh, tho Re
publican gubernatorial nominee, as "the
head of tho ticket"
A number of prominent Kensington tex
tile manufacturers deprecated Senator
Penrose's calamity howllngs and said that
Mr, Penrose's bugaboo cries were Injuri
ous to trade and stable business condi
tions. Barney McGlnnls, Collector ot the Port
of Pittsburgh, who predicted with com
plete accuracy the vote that the various
candidates drew in Allegheny County at
the primary election, said In a statement
Issued on Wednesday that, contrary to
the expectations of Penrose's supporters
of a majority of 18,000 for their candidate,
Penrose's majority will be reduced to
6000 at the November election.
Secretary of Labor Wilson waa with
A. Mitchell Palmer, Democratic senatorial
nominee, at meetings in Lehigh, North
ampton and Cumberland Counties.
At a meeting In Dauphin County, the
home county of Vance C. McCormlck,
Democratic gubernatorial nominee. Doc
tor Brumbaugh was received with great
enthusiasm by Republicans, Democrats
and Progresslvee alike.
EDITORIAL BREVITIES
Vienna claims to be building fortifica
tions "merely to give work to the unem
ployed." In view of the disastrous effect
ot modern artillery, that Is a more sen
sible Idea than building fortifications tor
the purpose of defense, Birmingham Age
Herald. President "Wilson's statement that he Is
not now thinking of calling an ex'ra
cession of Congress In November, or
after March i, will be received by the
country with a sigh of general relief
Boston Globe.
An Italian newspaper announces that
Italy may have to occupy certain terri
tory tor "humanitarian reasons." How
did the other warring nations happen to
overlook that reason? Kansas City Star.
If thero Is glory In being good fighters
then Belgium should certainty havo
glory enough to illumine her national
history In all the years to come. Des
Moines Capital.
We knew that Vannl Marcoux was not
killed 1Shot at the front" is to a
grand opera star now what "lost her
Jewels" used to be to a prima donna.
Chicago Post.
Winston Churchill Is being defended. In
the Antwerp matter, on tho ground that
attacks -are inspired by dislike for a
civilian navy bead It may be said that
it would be possible to find a first lord
of the admiralty who would act more like
BESIEGED
n civilian than Winston Churchill does.
Springfield Republican.
Now and then a murmur arises In
Philadelphia to the effect that It would
be a good placo for the capital of the
nation. Why should Philadelphia disquiet
Itself? Has It not the only American
Liberty Bell In existence and tho Ameri
can League baseball championship? Thero
should be a limit to human ambition.
Washington Star.
Mr. Stalling, of Boston, makes the
statemont that no baseball team can
be too strong, and that ho Is ready to
make a doal for better players for next
year. "Mr. Stalllngs," says the Brooklyn
Times, "Is evidently laying a plot to win
Ave out of a possible four games in the
next world's series." Augusta Chron
icle. If all our Irish-Americans, German
Americans, English-Americans, etc-,
would only get together and agree upon
what neutrality means the atmosphere
might clear. But we suppose before the.
conference ended thousands would be
shot in the hyphen. New York Evening
Sun.
Carranza Is reported to be willing to
quit. Willing? He ought to bo eager.
Detroit Free Press.
"Germanic Museum for Harvard"
headline. So they are going to put Pro
fessor Muensterber? m a glass easel
Boston Transcript
A German military expert Is credited
with having said that by the time the
French reaoh the German fortifications
the flower of manhood in both countries
will be extinct so that the forts, even
If feebly manned, will hold, "That"
concludes the Arizona Star, "should cer
tainly take first prize for the most pes
simistic war prophecy to date." Augusta
Chronicle.
Admitting Count von BernstortTs con
tention that Germany has the right to
Invade Canada, It would still be Inter
esting to know how she would set about
It at present New York World.
VARIOUS TOPICS
That only -H multi-millionaires paid the
tax on annual Incomes of 91,000,000 and
over is far less surprising than that only
101,713 persons In tho entire United States
should figure In the returns as having
Incomes of from $5000 to $10,000.
An incomo of 11,000,000 or more argues
the posesslon of an enormous fortune.
It ennnot be all received In the way of
salary or In payment for personal serv
ices. Behind It stands property that Is
not easily concealed. But a very large
class of persons with small savings de
rive Incomes of from J5000 to 110,000 from
trade, professional practice. Investments
or by way of salaries. New York World
The Congress which adjourned Satur
day has been In continuous session from
April 7, IBIS, to October 24, 1914 more than
1! months. The work accomplished by
the Democratic majority In that time Is
remarkable alike for quality and quan
titytariff revision, banking and cur
rency laws, Panama reform. Alaskan '
opening, supplementary trust legislation
no such splendid record has been made
by any other legislative body for a gen
erationChicago Journal.
"With 'the long Congress out of the ,
way, publto attention may profitably be
centred on the United States Supreme
Court, which assembled for the year's
work on October 12. rrom now until the
June recess, In 1915, the court will be en
gaged In considering numerous problems,
the decision of which will affect the pri
vate, as well as the national, life of tho
people. A new Justice Is to be found on
the bench Mr. Justice McReynolds, lately
Attorney General Many important cases
are pending before the Supreme Court
Perhaps the most notable Is the Danbury
hat controersy. In which an award of
C62.0CO damages was made by a lower
court against a labor union The litiga
tion grew out of a boycott. Railroads de
sire to have the !-cent-a-mlle law of West
Virginia annulled on the grounds of un
constitutionality. In the courts there are pending other
oqses, such as the dissolution suit against
the United States Steel Corporation,
which Is expected eventually to reach the
Supreme Court The Issue of other liti
gation, on the whole, has been satisfac
tory The Supreme Court is now, as when
created, the interpreter and protector of
the Federal Constitution. Disputes orlgl
nating In e ery-day affairs come, by reg
ular procedure, to the Supreme Court to
be tested by principles. Indianapolis
News.
All that Is needed at the present mo
n.ent to overcome the feeling of Inertia
which a too-long dependence upon a pro
tective tariff developed Is a friendly nod
from Uncle Sam That nod can best be
delivered by a prompt reply by the Inter
state Commerce Commission to the ap
peal of the railroads. Nod. Uncle Sam,
nod.-Nw Haven Journal-Courier,
3X, 1913,
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IN COMMERCE
ANDFINANCE
Important Events and Tendencies
of the "Week in the World of
Stocks and Bonds
The four most important happenings in
tho world of commerce and finance dur
ing the woek were the reduction of the
quarterly dividend on the common stock
of the United States Steel Corporation,
the declaration of the regular quarterly
dividend on the stock of the Pennsylvania
Railroad, tho announcement by Secre
tary McAdoo that the Federal Reserve
banks would be opened on November 18,
and the presentation of full details ot the
plan of bankers to raise a $135,000,000 loan
to tako care of the Southern cotton crop.
The directors of the Steel Corporation
cut the common dividend to one-half of 1
per cent, a reduction of of 1 per cent.
the regular disbursement having been 14
THEY WILL FIGHT THE WAR
per cent, or 6 per cent, per annum. The
net earnings of the corporation for the
three months ending September 30 wero
$23,176,003, compared with 133.450,400 In 1913
and 530,063.512 In the same period of 1912
The big cotton fund, of which Philadel
phia Is to subscrlbo JIO.000.000. will be di
vided into two clabsoi, faoo.uTO.OuO to ,0
subscribed In non-cotton growing Slate,
and 135.000,000 from cotton States. Very
little trouble Is expected by tho bank
ers here In raising this city's share to the
fund.
Figures given out by Comptroller of
the Currency Williams on Tuesday
showed that the national banks of the
United States on September It, the last
call of the Comptroller for condition,
held S5S0.O0O.O0O In excess of the reserve
requhements under tho Federal Reserve
act, which gles Into operation when the
12 Federal Reserve Banks are opened
The new banking law requires only IS
per cent reserves, whereas under the
present law 25 per cent was exacted.
National bank examiners were in
structed by Comptroller Williams that
they were to pass all loans held by na
tional banks which were Becured by
stocks listed on tho New York Stock Ex
change at the value of these stocks at
the close of business on July 30. minus
"" 6""r iv per cent, margin
Formal iiotlfteRtinn J..?'". v ...
Federal Rwervo Board tiTm.K-.iL. t
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COURSE OF THE
EUROPEAN WAR
Battles on Land and Sea Consid
ered in Relation to Their Effect
on Goneral Situation
Ttrrkey'a ptmur tnto the war of the
nations on Thin day. unheralded by of
ficial declaration, taken by a bom
bardment of Russian towns on the Black
Bea, the sinking of a Russian gunboat
and two vessels In Odessa harbor and the
shelling of th city of Odessa. It Is ex
pected that Oreeco and Rumania will be
come involved, and the Allies regard It
now fmposslblo for Italy longer to main
tain its neutrality. It Is believed that
Turkey will lend considembte aid to th
Kaiser's cause.
Spectacular raids at sea by tho German
crutsor Emden this week shared tho
spotlight with tho war operations In
France, Belgium and Russia. The des
perate stroke of tho Gorman force In an
effort to pierce the Allies' line on the
river Yser between Nleuport and Dlx
mude, their repulse by the fierce counter
attacks of tho Allies; tho German rout
In Poland and tho Austrian reverses!
alone tho river San were important mili
tary oventn.
The cruiser Emden, eluding the pursu
ing fleets of nations, ndded tho 3Gth vlo
tlm to its Ust of prizes on Thursday
when by & bold ruse she entered tho har
bor of Penong, on tho Malay Peninsula,
and sank a Russian cruiser and a French
torpedoboat destroyer. Groat Britain and
France have sent 70 warships to scour
the waters of the Indian Ocean for th
Emden, but tho daring ship thus far has
evaded them. On Wednesday the. Emden
sank a big Japaneso liner.
In land warfare it appears that the
Germans havo had a disastrous week.
Their losses have been terrific True,
the gains of the Allies have been costly,
but the German dash to the North Sea
ooast and the English Channel have been
effectively checked. This Is the second
failure of the Kaiser's strategy in France.
Seizure of Paris was his first aim. Bat
tleships hav aided materially in driving
the Germans from coast positions. Dun
kirk and Calais appear safe for the
present
It waa reported that the Duke had re
ceived orders from the Kaiser to back
his way through to Calais at all costs,
and It was plain the Duke meant to
carry out tho plan. Aided by heavy
artillery, his forces made desperate as
saults on the lino of Belgian, British and
French troops between Nleuport and
Dlxmude on tho River Ysor In an ef
fort to sweep down the coast of the
North Sea, but were thrown back each
time. Nleuport and DInnude were vir
tually destroyed by shell fire and desper
ate street fighting. In tho battles the
German losses were put at 76,000, while
the Belgian army alone lost 10,000.
The Germans continued oflorts to re
duce the fortress of Verdun in eastern
France, and In the Woevre retrlon tho
French drove the Invaders back Into Lor
raine. The Allies also reported some
gains in the centre In the Craonne dis
trict Tho sweep of the Austro-German In
vading armies back toward their bases
has been the significant development In
Poland. Advantage gained in a fort
night's advanoo from Silesia and Gallcla,
which brought the Invaders within a few
miles of Warsaw and Ivangorod. the
objectives of attack at the upper dnd
lower ends of the battle front was lost In
a four days' battle, during which thi
Czar's forces pushed the enemy steadily
from the Vistula
While the Gorman frontal attacks wore
being repulsed, the Russians checked a
flanking movSment of a fresh German
From th Nw York Evening; Sun.
OUT IF IT TAKES ALL WINTER
force from the great SHeslan fortress tasj
at Thorn. Russian reinforcements drove
a wedge between tho German centre and
right and blocked attempts to rerorm the
German Una The general retreat has
taken tha Germans to Lodz and Radom,
which were seized early In tha advanca
and used as bases, and tho Kaiser's forces
are reported as two-thirds of the way
back to their own frontier. Reoceupatlon
of Lodz by the Russians Is In Immediate
prospect
Conflicting reports have clouded the
Issue In Gallcla, where the Austrian
havo reported that their line on tha Sin
remains Intact, but where the Russians
claim steady advantages. Even tho op
tnnlstlo Vienna reports can be Inter
preted as Indicating little advance.
Petrograd advtcos have shed little light
on Gallclan operations, naturally over
shadowed by the more vital and vigor
ous battle waged for possession of War
saw. Of most significance In this AM
U the admission that I'rzcmys! steadily
resists both siege and storming.
A movement from Eakt Prusala of a
German force against Warvaw was
checkttd by superior numbera of Rus
sians, who prevented an attack en the
Polish capital from a new dirMtlon.
This advance was blocked by Russian
troops operating from Augiwtowo. An
I "ttsmpt to Mize the railroad at MUwa.
Ju" ovr ,no mh rter. thwarted
ercaciun m na norm.
JVStiSZ? "" "