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AVIATORS OF ALLIES
FOILED INVASION OF
FRANCE, SAYS FLYER
Veteran Airman Declares
Dirigibles Have Proved In
ferior as War Machines
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PARIS, Sept. 30.
Aeroplanes here proved their superior
lty over dirigibles as war machines,
according' to French aviators, who say
that airmen are the kings of modern
battles.
One French aviator, resting In Paris
for a few days, says successes of Allies
along tho Alsne have been duo to tlio
fflcUncy of the aerial corps. He be
llevos the aviators largely will bo
responsible for ridding France of the
German foe.
"It Is thanks to the aviator," he said,
"that we have won our victories, and It
will be thanks to him that In a few days
we will be able to hunt the Germans out
of France. In my opinion, sufficient has
not been sold of the Important part
aviation has played In this war.
"It Is true that at first ws were a bit
taken by surprise by the Germans, who
had marvelously organized their aerial
army in silence. They had more aviators
than we expected, and excellent craft.
Consequently they were able at the start
to count on splendid scouting service.
They were over our positions at night,
and at dawn their artillery showed by
Its deadly work how careful and accurate
bad been the reconnaissances.
'Then tve put Into action our admlr
.able army of the sir. It was not long
before it rendered exceptional service to
the headquarters' staff. It played a de
cisive role at the battle of the Marne.
At the present moment It is a precious
auxiliary, I might almost ear an Indis
pensable adjunct, to the victorious march
of our troops.
"I have been Instructed to make recon
nalscancea on many occasions, both In
the east and north. In spite of the In
tense fire by tho enemy I have been
able to report the situation of the Ger
man troops, note their movements esti
mate their numbers and Importance, and
I am convinced I was able to be of great
service.
"When the war Is over, one of the
finest pages In history will tell of tho
role of the aviator."
All this applies to the aeroplane only
The airman declared the dirigible air
ship haa not proved & success It Is
at tho mercy of any squadron of aero
planes, he said, and he does not believe
It has any military future.
WOUNDED TEACHER
DARES DEADLY FIRE
TO HELP COMRADES
Militant Schoolmaster
Crawls 500 Yards Across
Shell-swept Field to Res
cue French Soldiers.
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OPERA SINGER SAYS
GERMANS TORTURED
BOYS UNDER ORDERS
Scotti Asserts Lads' Wrists
Were Broken by Officer's
- Command, for Aiding Bel
gians Italy Ripe for War.
NEW TORK. Sept SO. Antonio Scott!,
the well-known baritone of the Metro
politan Opera Company. Is the latest wit
ness to the truth of the reports of atroc
ities committed by the German army In
Belgium. Mr. Scotti, who arrived in
New Tork last week on the Lusltanla,
told a reporter yesterday that he had
seen Belgian boys whose wrists had been
broken by German soldiers, th boys'
sole offense having ben that they had
taken water and provisions to Belgian
soldiers.
Mr Scotti further stated that public
opinion In Italy was rapidly forcing that
country Into war against Austria anil
Germany, and asserted that the resigna
tion of the Minister of Foreign Affairs,
the Marchese dl San Oulltano, would at
once precipitate the crisis.
"I saw In London a number of Belgian
boys with both wrists broken," said Mr.
Bcottl. "It was horrible, especially when
the sole offense of ths poor children had
been that they had carried water and
provisions to the soldiers who were
fighting to defend their country. There
an be no doubt as to the cruelties of
.ne Germans. Ones ejes do not de
eUe. "Thes cruelties, however, seem to bo
due to the orders of the ofllcers rather
than to the brutality of the Individual
soldier. The German officer Is above all
ordinary law. and much sympathy ns we
have for the German people should not
blind our eyes to the necessity of putting
an end to the Prussian militaristic caste.
"In Italy the people are fully alive to
the German peril, wd their demand tor
war Is becoming louder each day.
"If the Marchese dl San Glultano, the
Minister of Foreign Affairs, resigns, it
means Italy's immediate entrance into the
struggle,
"The Marchese signed the Triple AN
llam-e attr the death of Cnspl, and
ji.ituriilh does n.t oh to bttak with
his former friends, but the temper of
the Italian people is unmtstakablr "
.Mr scotti said that' if tt.tr oioke out
Enrii-o "a-uso uould not he furced to
fight, as no one would have to serve
who was more thar i years old Ue
added t' at Signor GattM'eaaKtt had en.
gaged a special steamer tvhloh would pall
from Genoa on October 15, arrytng ail
th members of the Metropolitan Opera
Company who had not sailed for America,
'1 ran t-everal thousand German prison-rs
In England." said the baritone,
"and thr hII seemed must h4ppy to be
capti'rid The EnglUh uere treating
lhcin snlindiub and t!ev had no desire
to itturii to the army during tbe war."
CONSUL LIVES IN WINE CELLAR
American Official anil His Family
Hide 100 Feet UnderfrrQund.
PR1S. riept 30 Word has been re-ci-1
here that William Hardt-l, Amer
ican I'onsul at Rheims, his wife and their
ii'ii and daughter are the only Americans
remuinlng in the city The Consul ami
r his family, according to the report made
th. ir wav to a nine cellar lO feat un.
dtrriri urd a little way from their home
and have spent bu1 of the past two
weeks there
VIhJ r Spencer Cosby Milltar Attache
Of the Anieilcan Kmban-- at I'i its has
l rsturmd frvm Runmi He went there
with nione fur the consulate in torn-
B,a pany 'with Whitney Warren, the New
tne York artist, who I reported to be pre-
unaK a report on me ui siru iun oi int ,
Ppellatnedral by the Qeruuu bcrabarduient
LONDON, Sept. SO.
How a former schoolmaster, now In
tho British army, crawled 500 yard
across a battlefield to bring aid for
wounded comrades, though he himself
had been struck by ,t shell. Is told In n
letter received by the ltev. W. Johnson, of
York. A comrade accompanied the
schoolmaster on his slow, painful Jour
ney, end they were seven hours crawl- ,
Ing the 600 arils.
The writer, FcrnnnJ Ducheno, was a
French master at Archbishop Holgate's
school. Telling of his experiences, he
said:
"On the morning of September 6 the
General Itsucd orders that we were to
stand our ground nt all costs We did
it, but nt what costs? Wo 'I ere going
to charge a village when n shell fell
behind me, burst and hit mo in several
places three times on the head, twice
on the right Ig. nt the ankle nnd thigh,
and once on the left log nt tho ankle.
I was left on tho battlefield and crawled
to a hut and there I found nine others.
"We were exposed to a terrible fire
from the nrtlllery, and expected tho hut
to be blown to pieces at any time. To
ward the end of the Fecond day we de
cided that two of us should volunteer
to fetch some help; so I did, and an
other followed.
"We were exactly between the Trench
and German lines, so we started crawl
ing on all fours. We had no sooner ap
peared at tho door than as It was a
moonlight night the gunners paw us.
How we escaped I don't know. We just
managed to turn the corner nnd wero
safe, but It took us seven hours to
crawl 501 yards. When we reached the
ambulence In the French linos I told
the cure what I had done and where
my comrades were, and had the supreme
reward of hearing him say above the
buzz: "You have done very well, my
child." I felt him kis me on the fore
head and fainted away. Three hours
later, when I regained consciousness, I
had the pleasure of knowing that my
comrades had been saed."
ITALY PROTESTS
AGAINST AUSTRIAN
MINES IN ADRIATIC
'Recklessly Strewed" They
Menace Italian Shipping.
Open Break May Follow
Austria's Refusal.
ROME. Sept. 30.
Italy took today what Is generally ac
cepted as the first step leading to nn
open break with Austria. The Italian
Ambassador at Vienna, Duke d'Avarna.
was Instructed formally to file a most
energetic protest against the strewing of
mines by Austria In the Adriatic. He
was directed to demand that the Aus
trian Government Immediately discon
tinue this practice.
Some of the mines have drifted to the
shore of Italy and constitute a constant
menace to shipping from Italian ports
As a result, the Admiralty announced
today that naUgatlon In tho Adriatic Is
Indefinitely suspended.
Inasmuch as the mines are the only
thing which has permitted the Austrian
fleet to remain within the protection of
the Pola fortifications. It Is not believed
here that Austria will agree to stop
planting them. Italy will then be com
pelled to enforce her decree by her array
and navy.
In the official statement rent to Vienna,
It Is pointed out that many Italian fish
ing vessels have fallen victims to the
mines. It Is stated that hundreds
already have been picked up, that many
others have floated ashore on Italian
terr'tory and that the Ashing craft aro
in grave danger every time they put out
to stretch their nets.
The instructions sent to the Duke
d'Avarna tpak of the Austrian mine
sowing as "reckless." Unless a satis
factory reply ts returned it Is expected
that Italy will send an ultimatum to
Austria.
Reports that Italian transports have
already carried trooga over the. CO miles
by sea from Brtndlsi to Avlona, the cap
ital of Albania, which have been cur
rent in Jtume for the last two da s, have
been officially denied
FAMOUS PARIS CAFE
NOW FREE SOUP KITCHEN
L'Abbaye Opens When It Used to
Close and Vice Versa,
PARIS, Sept SO The Duval restau
rants In the Grands Roulovards are still
open in the way of bu.iness, but many
in the, eccentric quartern have been, by
the generosity of their proprietor, who
has for ears been a notable and bym
pathetic figure in I'arlman suclety, trans
formed, into free soup kitihrns
Another restaurant, perh ip the must
famous of all the supper places of Mom
martre, L'Abbaje. new opens when it
used to close and closts when it used to
cpen It is sort of canteen und its
hours ere 8 a. m to S p m To li conn.
cut of work ouvrleres and midinettes t
work and to eat Where once there wer
bare necks there aro now bare feet
J i. weld have given place to thimble.
L'Abbaye de Theleme a workroom the
war has shown no more piquant paradox
than that!
I hi ilw ii wmi ti ' " I'" mm
SWEDISH SOCIALISTS GAIN
STOCKHOLM. Sept 30 -The final
suits of the general ele lion fur meii i
of the Suidlsh Parliament ha. bit
amiuumed 'I tu hou thut th.' a.ciult.i.
hale 57 peats the unurvutu to tx
th. L.hcraU 5T The Liberal loat U .. .
to the Social sts The r.iuin.n
neither lost nor K-i' 1 vet at the
el tsi )ii f tht v i r i s t . t. 4 t t.
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FRENCH CAVALRY CROSSING PONTOON BRIDGE ERECTED BY FRENCH ENGINEERS
GERMANS PLACE
CONFIDENCE IN THE
HOUSE OF KRUPP
Teuton Supremacy Depends
Largely on Superiority of
Armament Works Grew
From Small Forging Plant.
Now In these days when the great na
tions of Kurope are arrajed ngnlnst Ger
many, tho Teuton places his faith In the
Kaiser, the army, tho navy and Krupp.
In tho Krupp works, because Krupp rifles,
cannon und siege guns aro tho greatest
In the world admittedly; while Krupp
armor plate protects Germany's battle
ships. The house of Krupp, as a re
cent writer has sold, Is a national insti
tution In the Fatheiland, and Its name
Is almost as revered as that of Hohcn
zollern itself. Ktupp guns and armor
form a ring of steel about the Father
land which It will loaulro a miracle, be
lieve the Germans, to pierce.
The Ironmasters of Essen have ruled a
hundred years, and now a queen and a
queen consort hold sway. The heads of
the houses nave been: Fredcrlch, found
er (lSsT-l'l), Alfred (1S12-ST), Fredrich
Alfred I1S34-11-02), and now Hertha, wife
of Krupp on Bohkn und Halbach. And
with the queen rules Dr von Eohlen und
Halbach, entitled by order of tho Knlser
upon his marriage to deslgnnt himself
Krupp von Bohlen, thus kcepl allvo
tho famly name of the great gunmakets.
For tho last male of the lino left only
daughters. Bertha and Barbara.
"Great oaks from little acorns grow."
So with the houso of Krupp, which had
Its Inception In a small forging plnnt near
K.en that nt one time did not have
sufficient business to support It.
The founder of the line, Frledrlch, who
was born In Essen, endeavored to make
cast steel, the secret of which was care
fully guatded In England. And In 1810
ho founded a smnll forging plant near
Kssn for the production of cast steel
after a. process he had evolved. Mint
dies, stamps for buttons, etc, were
manufactured, but so small was the de
mand, the works could not be kept In
operation. And, soon after US), Krupp
was obliged to give up his houso to
occupy a small one-story laborer's cot
tage near his plant. The hut Is still
preserved In tho midst of the present
gigantic establishment.
THE SECRET Or CAST STEEL.
Shortly before his death, however, the
first of the present-day Krupps confided
to his son, Alfred, the secret of making
cast steel, which tho latter developed suc
cessfully. Alfred, with the Indomitable
perseverance that captivates the Imagina
tion, continued in the face of moun
tainous difficulties his endeavors to im
prove the manufacture of steel.
Then came tho Krupp opportunity the
great ehlb'tlon at London In 1S5I, The
obscure Rhenish steelmaker from Essen
electrified the military universe with a
six-pounder of (lawless cast steel. Since
then the German army and navy hnv
bounht 2Cv0 Krupp guns. And SO.OW
Krupp guns have been sold In the last
half century to 52 nations throughout the
world ti in Europe, 18 in America, lx
in Asia, five In Africa.
But the Krupps have never manufac
tured munitions of war for France.
Alfred Krupp's brcoch-loadlng rifle and
cannon, adopted by the Prussian army In
1S61. proved their superiority in the
Franco-Prussian war. From then on the
factory becamo world famous for Its
manufacture of heavy ordnance and
armor plate.
Under the next Krupp the output of
tho gun factory was Increased and
diversified b tho Incorporation of other
enterprises.
And now tho Krupp von Rohlens not
only have, tho Immense plant nt Essen,
which comprises an aroa of U00 acres,
233 of them under one roof, hut many
other plants as well. At Essen, and nt
tho three neighboring 15-mi!e long gun
ranges of Mcppen, 83,000 men are em
ployed At Krupp collieries In Rhlneland-West-phalia
and Silesia, 10.UK) miners dig coal
fur Krupp branch works at Annen and
Grueon, where armor plate Is made, and
for Krupp blast furnaces at Rheln
tiausen, Dnilsburg. N'euwlcd and Engers,
which, between them, keep another 15,
GOO pairs of hands busy.
At Kiel 6100 shipwrights build battle
ships, torpeilobouis and submarines In
Krupp's W-acte Uernianla dockjard.
GeissePs Patent
Converter Top
Quickly elianwes jour open
vai into a stlish closed pro
it. i-'l to .iing cat at small
i.t Kits biiug over body
without altering the original
tint. - of un touiing car or
toudsttr French plate glass
window k on aides enclose
all seats Strong and easily
dctiu hid Saves on car main
tenance U'rife, 'j'iv; or Call for Particular
The Gregg-Wm. D. Rogers Co
1926-34 Arch Street, PhiU.
Vhinr loCUtt lift
MILE IN AIR, AVIATOR SAW
WOODS SHOT TO RIBBONS
Member of British Corps Describes
Engagement of Great Brittle.
LONDON', Sept SO.
A letter from nn olllcer of the Royal
FlIng Corps, under date of September
4, describing n view from nn ncroplana
of tho bnttlo eastward of Paris, says:
"Yesterday I was up for reconnais
sance over this hug" battle. I hot it
will be remembered ns the biggest In
history. It extends fiom Compclgne
light away to Bclfort.
"We flew at 5 o'clock In the evening.
At that time tho Brlthh guns all opened
fire together. From a height of GOOO feet
I saw n sight which t hope It will never
be my lot to sec ngnln. The woods and
hills were literally cut to ribbons till
along the south of Laon. It was mnr
veloii". watching hundieds of hells
bursting below one to the right and to
the left for mllei, and then to see the
German guns rcplylns.
"I fear there will be a lot moro awful
lighting before this show ends, but wo
are certain It will end with us on top,
nlthough we all had our doubts about
three weeks ago during thnt awful re
treat." IWrltlng ngaln on September 19, the
officer says:
"The huge battle still Is going on. Our
machines after being out nil day still
bring In the samo news. The Germans
have got Into one of the strongest posl
tlons possible. Fortunately reinforce
ments nre arriving nnd are coming up
on the German right nt Soispons.
"I simply crave for cigarettes. TheV
need to be carefully disguised though
or they will bo stolen en route."
The officer mentioned thnt tho aero
planes are shot at and shelled by friend
and foe every time they ascend. They
hardly ever descend without bullet holer
all over tho planes, but fortunately, the
writer says, the flying corps lost only
one pilot and a passenger up to Sep
tember 4.
WAR THROUGHOUT WINTER
IS GERMAN EXPECTATION
Women Begin to Make Henvy Clothes
for Soldiers.
ROME, Sept. 30 -Reliable diplomatic
advisees received here from Berlin state
that the failure of the Austrian armies
to resist effectively the Russians has
forced Germany to nlmndon hopes of
crushing the allies before winter. Accord
ingly preparations for a winter campaign
nre being pressed.
Women of the Empire have organized
sewing societies under the leadership of
Crown Princess Cecllle and are making
woolen clothing for the soldiers from
directions as to measures and colors
selected by tho Government.
A committee of women, representing
the chief cities of Germany, Is said to
have been formed to collect Jewelry and
gold trinkets to be re-melted and coined
Into money with which to buy arms and
supplies. Each contributor receives nn
Iron ring bearing the words "I gave gold
for this."
The contributions, thus far made, are
reported to amount to 2,000,000 marks
(J500.000).
Why Not?
If you were to ask a salesman in the
average store v. hat a fixture was made
of, lie couldn't tell you couldn't tell
you if it was solid brass, iron, plated
brass or plaster paris coated with
brass.
Why not visit our factory and sales
rooms, where salesmen with factory
experience can intellifiently discuss
fixture construction and composition?
Our 30 years' experience is at your
disposal,
The Horn 8a Brannen
Mfg. Co.
Display Rooms and Workshop
427-433 N. 15 road St.
A Short Walk Along Automobile Row
4
I
Special Opportunity
This Week Only
To Introduce you to our entubUih
ment anil to aoiualnt "U ulih the
thorouehneM of our equipment ami
the nt-elltnia of uur work, ue offer
during our
Opening Week
October 1st to Oct. 7th
to Dry Clean any
Suit or Overcoat for $1.00
ThU offer will not b renewed after
Uiiober 7lh-
Emptre
Cleaning & Dyeing Co.
1A An fill. St,,l
3 Phone- Uulnut -1577
j Goode called for and delivered
Ir anywhere
MPjK90iN3t-tn,"
WAR IS MAKING
NEW GEOGRAPHY,
WRITER ASSERTS
Peace, as Mapmaker, Will
Alter Many National
Frontiers Some Possible
Changes.
LONDON, Sept. SO.
Austin West, correspondent of the
Dally Chronicle,. In discussing possible
chnnges of frontiers when the war Is
over, has the following to say under a
Milan tlato line:
"As for likely changes In the map of
tho world at tho end of the war, I think
It probable that Great Britain will tnko
over the German colonies, giving Spain
and Portugal a sharo therein, as a re
ward for their neutrality.
"Russia will limit her demands to
Gallcla, at the same time Bottling guar
antees for tho entire Independence of the
four Balkan States. Since Russia has
no interest In the Adriatic problem, and,
moreover, cherishes a warm friendship
with Italy, she will not offer opposition
to an Italian protcctorato over Albania.
In nddltlon there will bo a rectification of
Italy's northern frontiers on a national
racial basis.
"I think Trance will rcsumo possession
of Alasce-Lorralno and tho Palatinate,
while Austria will remain a German
State nnd form a part of the Gormanlc
confederation.
"This will ralso tho question whether
tho Gorman Emperor shall be merely
King of Prussia or nlso King of Austria.
It seems to me quite unlikely that the
United States will Intervene, and If
Sweden should assert herself on behalf
of Germany she would find her action
neutralized by that of Norway and Denmark."
AGENTS OF KAISER
REPORTED WORKING
IN ENGLISH SOCIETY
Spies Said to Be Mingling
With High War Officials.
Their Work Scorned by
Military Expert.
IA5NDON, Sept 30,-The charge that
Germany has sont hundreds of spies Into
England to move In the brat society and
mingle, with those close to the Admiralty,
Wnr Office and Foreign Office was mado
today by tho Times In nn nrtlclo by Its
military expert, Colonel Charles Rcptng
ton. This artlclo nnd tho charges which the
Times makes follow closely the first ref
erences of First Lord of tho Admiralty
Winston Churchill to "German lieuten
ants, who have been living In England
for years nnd who now aro taking ad
vantage of British hospitality to spread
their nots of espionage,"
According to Colonel Rcplngton, Eng
land has beon Infested with German spies
for years, but there arc moro hore now
than ever before, nnd tho German Gov
ernment Is offering high pay to men and
women of education, culture and com
manding appearance who can mlnglo wjth
officials of the British Government In
tho highest circles of society.
In part Colonel Replngton says:
"The most dangerous of theso spies
aro not tho lieutenants, but highly placed
persons who movo In good society and
also in tho realms of finance. Tho Ger
man system extends to all classes.
Twenty years ago nomo of our ofllcers
camo Into touch with tho German In
telligence service and learned a great
deal about It. Even at that time the net
was largo and was so widespread that it
extended even to America, where agents
acted In tho guiso of business men.
"Despite Its fervid activity, I have not
a very high opinion of tho Gorman in
tolllgcnco system. The failure of this
department to loam until August 20 that
there was a British army In France Is
the best proof of Its Incapacity."
PIGEONS UNDER UNION JACK
LONDON, Sept. SO. Homing pigeon so
cieties In Birmingham today placed 30,000
carrier pigeons at the dInposal of tho
officials of the Government mall service.
MENDS A PROBLEM;
FOR COMMISSARIAT
DURING WAR TIME
French Troopers Have
Varied and Liberal Faw
and Each Soldier Carries
Emergency Ration.
PARIS, Sept. 80.
Every man In tho French army carries
with him one day's resorvo rations, which
may only bo used In caso of oxtremo
urgency. They consist of 30 grammes
(10', ounces) of war biscuit, SO grammes
of preserved meat, CO grammes of, 'con
densed boup, 30 grammes of coffee,"; SO
grammes of sugar. Thoro Is also a. litre
of brandy for every 16 men.
The food Borved out dally consists of
TOO grnmmeB of bread, 100 grammes of
rice or haricot beans, 24 grammes of cot
fee, 32 grammes of sugar, bacon, salt,
and 500 grammes of fresh, meat or 300
grammes of preserved meat, with SO
grammes of puree de legumes to make
Boup. ,
Beyond this, whenover possible, pro
visions aro bought on tho spot by the
officers In command, such as vegetables,
various seasonings, nnd sometimes wlno,
Rcvltuallzlng I E carried out as .far. a
possible by rail. The difficulty is that tho
regiments are continually changing their
quartois, and thus the commissariat-has
difficulty In finding them. To simplify
matteis each day a special station Is
chosen for caoh army corps. The regi
mental transport goes overy day to this
station nnd receives two days' provisions,
so that thcro Is always an abundance of
reserve supplies.
If tho railway is not avallablo supplies
aro provided by motor transport. If
motor transport falls In n day or two
tho corps d'armco draws on Its stocks
of provisions, which are good for four
days. Tho organization Is based on a
Bystcm of enormous depots at Important
railway centres. At each of them hun
dreds of thousands of rations of bread
are baked every day nnd supplies of nil
kinds are accumulated.
Herds of cattle are driven soma dis
tance In tho rear of each army corps
and rested before slaughtering. Tho dally
consumption of ?ach army corps Is 120
hend of cattle, and the moat Is carried
to tho front by Paris motor omnibuses.
Slnco tho beginning of the campaign the
Commissariat Department has worked
without a hitch.
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