PWEMtofttti
2
EVENING LEDGERPHILADELPHIA.WIDDNEBAY, SEPMBEB 30, 1914.
mm
AVIATORS OF ALLIES
FOILED INVASION OF
FRANCE, SAYS FLYER
Veteran Airman Declares
Dirigibles Have Proved In
ferior as War Machines
Along Marne and Aisne.
PARIS, Sept. 30.
Aeroplanes hero proved their superior
ity over dirigibles rs war machines,
Recording to French aviators, who say
that nlrmen nro the kings of modern
bftttlos.
Ono French nrlator, testing In 1'arls
for n few days, says successes of Allies
along tho Alsno have been due to thu
efficiency of the aerial corps. Ho be
lieves the aviators largely will be
responsible for ridding France of thu
German foe.
"It is thanlts to the aviator," he said,
"that wo have Mon our victories, and It
will be thanks to him that In a few days
we will be able to hunt the Germans out
of France. In my opinion, sufficient has
cot twin said of the Important part
aviation has played In this war.
"It Is true that nt first we were a bit
taken by surprise by the Germans, who
had marvelously organized their aoriaJ
army In silence. They had more aviators
than we expected, and excellent craft,
Consequently they wero able at tho start
to count on splendid scouting service.
They were over our positions at night,
and nt dawn their nrtillery showed by
its deadly work how careful and nccurata
had been tho reconnaissances.
"Then we put Into action our admir
able army of the air. It was not long
before It rendered exceptional service to
the headquarters' staff. It plaed a de
cisive role at the battles of the Mnrno.
At the present moment It is a precious
auxiliary. I might almost say an indis
pensable adjunct, to the victorious march
of our troops.
"I have been Instructed to make recon
naissances on many occasions, both In
tho cast and north. In spite of th.i In
tense flra by the enemy I have lxen
able to report the situation of the Ger
man troops, note their movements, esti
mate their numbers and Importance and
I am convinced I was able to be of great
service.
"When the war is ovrr, one of the
finest pages in history will tell of the
role of the aviator."
All this applies to tho aeroplane only.
The airman declared tho dirigible air
ship has not proved a success It is
at tho mercy of anv squadron of aero
planes, he said, and he does not believe
it has any military future.
OPERA SINGER SAYS
GERMANS TORTURED
BOYS UNDER ORDERS
Scotti Asserts Lads' Wrists
Were Broken by Officer's
Command, for Aiding Bel
gians Italy Ripe for War.
NEW YORK, Sept 30. Antonio Scotti.
tho well-known baritone of the Metro
politan Opera Company. Is the latest wit
ness to the truth of the reports of atroc
ities committed by tha German army In
Belgium. Mr. Scotti. who arrived in
New York last week on the Lusitanla,
told a reporter yesterday that he had
seen Belgian boys whose wrists had been
broken by German soldiers, tho boys'
sole offense having been that they had
taken water and provisions to Belgian
soldiers.
Mr. Scotti further statM that public
opinion In Italy waa rapidly forcing that
country into war against Austria and
Oermany, and asserted that the resigna
tion of the Minister of Foreign Affairs,
the Marchess dl San Guillano, would ui
onco precipitate the crisis.
"1 saw in London a number of Belgian
hoys with both wrists broken," said Mr.
Scotti. "It woji horrible, especially when
tha sole offense of the poor children had
ben that they had carried water and
provisions to the soldiers who were
fighting to defend their country. There
con b no doubt as to the cruelties of
the Germans. One's eyes do not de
eelre. "These cruelties, however, sem to be
due to the orders of tho officers rather
than to the brutality of tho individual
soldier. The German offlcr Is above all
ordinary 1W, and much sympathy as we
have for the German people should not
blind our eyes to the neurit)' of putting
an end to the Prussian militaristic caste.
"In Italy tho people ar full alive to
the German peril, and their demand for
war Is becoming louder each day.
"If the Marche d San Olullano, the
Minister of Foreign Affairs, resigns, it
means Italy's Immediate entrance into the
struggle.
"The Marchege signed the Triple Al
liance after i he death of Crlfcpt. and
naturally does not wlh ta break with
his former friends, l.ut the temper of
the Italian peopl U unmistakable "
Mr. (scotti said that if uar bioke out
Enrico "oruso ould not be fnrcid to
fight, as no one would have to rve
who was more thsr H ytarn old H
added V at Signer Uaul-' 'asasza had n
failed a special steamer which would nail
from Qeno4 ,in Ottubt-r 18, uriyiiiC all
the members of the Mrlrupollun Opera
Company who had nov bailed for America.
"I aw et-veral thuuggni German ir!
on.TK In England." mid the baritone,
"end the U seemed tnot happy to be
raptured The Kris Uh uere treating
in-m splat) lldlv and t' bj,1 no dadi
to return to th. artnv d innrf tl. Tar '
WOUNDED TEACHER
DARES DEADLY FIRE !
TO HELP COMRADES
Militant Schoolmaster
Crawls 500 Yards Across
Shell-swept Field to Res
cue French Soldiers.
I.ONTlON. Sept. 30
How a former schoolmaster, now In
tho British army, crawled 500 yard
across a battlefield to bring old for
wounded comrades, though he himself
had been struck by i shell, Is told In n
letter received by tho Rev. W. Johnson, of
York. A comrade accompanied the
schoolmaster nn his Mow, painful Jour
ney, and they wcro seven hours crawl
ing the 600 yards.
Tho writer, Fernan.l Duchenc, was i
French master nt Archblhop Holgate s
school. Telling of his experiences, he
said:
"On tho morning of September fi the
General lsucd orders that we wore to
stand our ground nt nil costs. We did
It, but at what costs? Wo 'tere going
to charge a village when a shell fell
behind mo, burst nnd hit mo In severat
places throe times on the head, twice
on the right leg, at the ankle nnd thigh,
nnd once on the left leg at tho ankle.
I was left on the batt'elleld and cr.wvled
to a hut. and there I found nine others,
"We wcro exposed to n terrible fire
from the nrtillery, nnd expected the hut
to be blown to pieces nt any time. To
ward the end of the second day we de
cided that two of us should volunteer
to fetch some help; so I did, and an
other followed
"We were exactly between the French
and German lines, so wo started crawl
ing on all fours. We had no sooner ap
peared at the door than as It was a
moonlight night the gunners saw us.
How we escaped I don't know. We just
managed to turn the corner nnd wero
safe, but It took us seven hours to
crawl &0? yards When we reached th
ambulance In the French lines I told
the cure what I had done and where
my comr.ides uere, and had the supreme
reward of hearing him say above the
buzz- 'You have done very well, my
child." I felt him klt me on the fore
head and fainted away. Three hours
later, when I rogalned consciousness, I
had the ploasjie of knowing that my
comrades had been saved."
I . ; ; ; ; B
i I' - . . -
ITALY PROTESTS
AGAINST AUSTRIAN
MINES IN ADRIATIC
"Recklessly Strewed" They
Menace Italian Shipping.
Open Break May Follow
Austria's Refusal.
ROME, Sept. 30.
Italy took today what Is generally ac
cepted as the first step leading to an
open brak with Austria. The Italian
Ambassador at Vienna, Duke d'AvaniH.
was Instructed fornnlly to flle a most
energetic protest against the strewing of
mines by Austria in the Adriatic. He
was directed to demand that tho Aus
trian Government immediately discon
tinue this practice.
Some of the mines have drifted to the
shore of Italy and constitute a constant
menace to shipping from Italian ports.
As a result, the Admiralty nnnounced
today that navigation in the Adriatic Is
Indefinitely suspended.
Inasmuch as the mines are the only
thing which has permitted the Austrian
fleet to remain within the protection of
the Pola fortifications, it is not believed
here that Austria will agree to stop
planting them. Italy will then be com
pelled to enforce her decree by her army
and navy.
In the official statement sent to Vienna,
It Is pointed out that many Italian fish
ing vessels have fallen victims to the
mines. It is stated that hundreds
already have been picked up, that many
others have floated ashore on Italian
territory and that the fishing craft are.
in grave danger every time they put out
to stretch their nets.
Tho Instructions sent to the Duke
d'Avarna speak of tho Austrian mine
suvving as "rockless." Unless a satis
factory reply is returned it Is expected
that Italy will send an ultimatum to
Austria.
Reports that Italian transports have
already carried troops over tho CO miles
by sea from Drtndlsi to Avlona, tho cap
ital of Albania, which have been cur
rent in Rome for the last two dus, huve
been ofticiall) denied.
CONSUL IVES IN WINS CSI&&R
American Official and His family
Hide IQO Beet Underground.
PATHS, Spt SO Word ha bfn re
ceived here that William Bardel. Awr
lcxn Consul at Itheiine. his w!f and tin ir
eon and daughter are tiu- oi,l Ami rkans
remaining in th Uty Thu CuimuI ami
his family, according to the report made
thlr we to b c-Har iw fwt uu
drrrtund a little way from thel hom
and huve spent meet of thu pat two
uroks thre
Major Spencer foebv. MtllUrv Ut.uhe
pf th American Kmla-v at ldiu, ha
returned frwm ft-i'im He uint iluie
Mlth inunev for the nn?ulntr in ,"ia
pany with V hiUK- V"u r,-n tli-
York artist 'i" i r. -'i- l t' pr
paring a r--p Tt u ti ,1 i mi. iU.
catbedtal by tlu r...
FAMOUS PARIS CAFE
NOW FREE SOUP KITCHEN
VAbbaye Opens When It Used to
Close and Vice Versa,
PARIS, btj-t. 30 -The Duval restau
lunu in the Grands Boulevards are still
cpon In the way of buslnees, but many
in the eccentric quarters have been, by
the generosity of their proprietor, who
hoe for sear been a notable and uym-r.atrx-tlc
figure In Pas-Ulan society, trans-
uiml Into (rre so tip kitclic-n.
i Another reitautant. perhaps the moo
famous of ill th surir plait- of Mont
martrf, l.'Abbaje. new open when It
us4 to close and clou ton It i-d t
ttn It is a surt of cantean and it
r.oure are a. m. o H p m To it torn,
cut uf work ouvrler.s and mldlnettes to
worfe and to eat. Where onee there were
bare necks (here i now bare feet.
Jewel have w'iven place (o thimble
l.'Abbe d Theleme a workroom the
war has shown bo more piquant patadox
ttMD that!
SVgpjI? gQgiALIgT QAIN
STOCKU'M.M. lept. Ju Th final i
suit of the 4!,oal elect)un fui nidli
.l thi S.v.it!h l'arllaru-nt hav h
unr'juiKi d '1 ri- hu.N tv.l tin S ,, I aH t
liav. y -ut' lh 'Him.1 allv y, ai
til 1. bi Ul V T'lt i.l1 r) ili l,,kt H rro'
t I e .ills '!)), i' I , ill
ii ith i M ii i K in ! i at tli,
i I m UJ n
l med
FRENCH CAVALRY CROSSING PONTOON BRIDGE ERECTED BY FRENCH ENGINEERS
GERMANS PLACE '
CONFIDENCE IN THE
HOUSE OF KRUPP
Teuton Supremacy Depends
Largely on Superiority of
Armament Works Grew
From Small Forging Plant.
Now In these days when the Kreat na
tions of Europe are nrrnjed ngalnst Ger
many, the Teuton places his faith in the
K User, the army, the navy nnd Krupp.
In the Krupp works, because Krupp rifles,
cannon and siege guns arc the greatest
In the world admittedly; nhile Krupp
nrmor plate protect: Geimany's battlo
shlps. The house of Krupp, as a re
cent writer has said, Is a national Insti
tution in the Fatherland, nnd its name
is almost as levered as that of Hohen
zollern Itself. Krupp guns and armor
form a ring of steel about the Tathcr
I.ind which It will require a miracle, be
lieve the Germans, to pierce.
The ironmaster of Essen have ruled a
bundled venrs, and now a queen and a
iiiee-i consoit hold sway The heads of
the hou-e have been: Fiederleh, found
er n7-l2-i). Alfred (1S12-S7), Tredrlch
Alfred ilhol-UO:!), and now Bertha, wife
of Krupp von Itohlen und Hnlbach. And
w'th the queen rules Dr. von Bohlen und
Halhach. entitled by order of the Kaiser
upon his manlago to deslcnat himself
Krupp von Bohlen, thus keep! : alive
the famly name of the great gunmakers.
For tho last male of the lino left only
daughter?. Bprtha and Barbara.
"Great oaks from little acorns grow."
So with the house of Krupp, which had
Its Inception In a small forging plant near
Hssen that nt ono time did not have
sufficient business to support It.
The founder of tho line, Trledrlch, who
wa born In Essen, endeavored to make
cast steel, the secret of which was care
fully guarded in England. And in 1S10
ho founded a small forging plnnt near
Essen for the production of cast steel
after a process he had evolved. Mint
dies, stamps for buttons, etc., were
manufactured, but so small was the de
mand, tha works could not be kept in
operation And, soon after 1S20, Krupp
was obliged to give up his house to
occupy a small one-story laborer's cot
tage near his plant. The hut Is still
preserved In the midst of the present
gigantic establishment.
THE SECRET OF CAST STEEL.
Shortly before his death, however, the
first of the present-day Krupps confided
to his son, Alfred, the secret of maklns
cast steel, which the latter developed suc
cessfully. Alfred, with the Indomitable
perseverance that captivates the Imagina
tion, contlnutd In the face of moun
tainoub dltllcultles his endeavors to im
prove the manufacture of steel.
Then camo the Krupp opportunity the
great exhib'tlon at London In 1551. The
obscure Rhenish steelmaker from Essen
ek-ctrlfled the military universe with a
six-pounder of flawless cast steel. Since
then the German army and navy have
bouht 23,f Kiupp guns. And J0.0W
Krupp guns havp been old in tho last
half century to 5; nations throughout the
world Zi In Europe, 18 In America, six
In Asia, five In Africa.
But the Krupps have never manufac
tured munitions of war for France.
Alfred Krupp's breech-loading rifle and
cannon, adopted by the Prussian army In
1SS1, proved their superiority In the
rranco-FrussUn war. From then on the
factory became world famous for Its
manufacture of heavy ordnance and
armor plate.
Undor the next Krupp the output of
tho gun factory was Increased and
diversified by the Incorporation of other
enterprises.
And now the Krupp von Bohlens not
only have the Immense plant at Essen,
which comprises an area of 1200 acres,
133 of them under one roof, but many
other plants as well. At Essen, and ut
the three neighboring 15-mile long gun
ranges of Meppen, 39,000 men are em
ptoed. At Krupp collieries In Rhlneland-Wfcst-phalia
and Stlesln, 10.000 miners dig coal
for Krupp branch works at Annen and
rtruson. where armor plate Is made, and
for Krupp blast furnaces at Rheln
haqsfn, Urulsburg, Ntuwii-d and Ensera,
which, between them, keep another 15,
000 pairs of hands busy
At Kiel 6100 shlitv rights build battle,
ships tori eiloboutB and submarines In
Krupp's fi5-a re Uerrnanla dockyard.
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MILE IN AIR, AVIATOR SAW
WOODS SHOT TO RIBBONS
Member of British Corps Describes
Engagement of Great Battle.
LONDON, Sept. 30.
A letter from an otllcer of the Roynl
Fblng Corps, under date of September
i, describing n view fiom nn aeroplana
of the brittle eastward of Paris, says;
"Yesterday I was up for reconnais
sance over this huge battle. I bet it
will bo remembered as tho biggest In
history. It extends fiom Compelgne
right away to Belfort.
"We flew nt fi o'clock In the evening.
At that time the BiltHh guns nil opened
lire together. From a height of riOOO feet
I saw n sight which t hope It will never
be my lot to see agnln, The woods and
hills were literally cut to ribbons nil
nlong the south of Laon. It was mar
velous, watching hundreds of shells
hurstlng below one to tho right nnd to
the left for miles, and then to see tho
German guns replying.
"I fenr there will be a lot more awful
fighting before this show ends, but we
are certain It will end with us on top,
although wo all had our doubts about
three weeks ago during thnt awful re
treat." lAVrltlng again on September 13, the
officer says:
"The huge battle still Is going on. Our
machines after being out nil day still
bring In the same news. The Germain
have got Into one of the strongest posi
tions possible. Fortunately, reinforce
ments arc arriving and are coming up
on tho German right nt Solssons.
"I simply crave for cigarettes. Thev
need to be carefully disguised though
or they will be stolen en route."
The officer mentioned that the aero
planes are shot at and shelled by friend
and foe every time they ascend. They
hardly over descend without bullet holes
nil over the plane", but fortunately, the
writer says, tho flying corps lost only
one pilot and a passenger up to Sep
tember 1.
WAR THROUGHOUT WINTER
IS GL-RMAN EXPECTATION
Women Begin to Make Heavy Clothes
for Soldiers.
ROME, Sept. 30 -Reliable diplomatic
advisees received here from Berlin state
that the fnllure of the Austrian armies
to resist effectively the Russians) has
forced Germany to abandon hopes of
crushing the allies before winter. Accord
ingly preparations for a winter campaign
are being pressed.
Women of tho Empire have organized
sewing societies under tho leadership of
Crown Princess Ceclllo nnd are making
woolen clothing for the soldiers from
dlrertlons as to measures and colors
selected by tho Government.
A committee of women, representing
the chief cities of Germany, Is said to
have been formed to collect Jewelry and
gold trinkets to be re-melted nnd coined
into money with which to buy arms and
supplies. Each contributor receives nn
Iron ring bearing the words "I gnve gold
for this."
The contributions, thui fnr mado, arc
reported to amount to 2,000,000 marks
(J500.000).
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October 1st to Oct. 7th
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WAR IS MAKING
HEW GEOGRAPHY,
WRITER ASSERTS
Peace, as Mapmaker, Will
Alter Many National
Frontiers Some Possible
Changes.
LONDON, Sept 30.
Austin West, correspondent of tho
D.illy Chronicle, In discussing posslblo
changes of fiontlcrs when tho war Is
over, has the following to say under a
Milan date line:
"As for likely chniiRes in the map of
tho world nt the end of the war, I think
It probable that Grent Britain will take
over tho German colonics, giving Spain
and Tortugal a sharo therein, as a re
ward for their neutrality.
"Russia will limit her demands to
Gallcla, nt tho same time settling guar
antees for tho entire Independence of tho
four Balkan States. Since Russia has
no Interest In the Adriatic problem, and,
moreover, cherishes n warm friendship
with Italy, she will not oiler opposition
to an Italian protectorate over Albania.
In addition there will bo a rectification of
Italy's northern frontiers on a national
racial baIs.
"I think Franco will resumo possession
of Alasce-Lonalne and the Talatlnate,
while Austria will remnln n German
State nnd form a part of the Germanic
confederation.
"This will ralso the question whether
the Get man Ilmperor shall be meroly
King of Prussia or also King of Austria.
It seems to me quite unlikely that the
United States will intervene, and If
Sweden should assert herself on behalf
of Germany she would find hor action
neutralized by that of Norway and Denmark."
AGENTS OF KAISER
REPORTED WORKING
IN ENGLISH SOCIETY
-
Spies Said to Be Mingling
With High War Officials.
Their Work Scorned by
Military Expert.
IjONDON, Bcpt SO. Tho charge that
Oermany has sent hundreds of spies Into
England to movo In tho beat society and
mingle with those close to the Admiralty,
V'nr Ofllce and Foreign Oftlce was made
today by tho Times In an article by Its
military expert. Colonel Charles Heplng
ton. This article and the ohnrges which tho
Times mnkes follow closely the first ref
erences of First Lord of tho Admiralty
Winston Churchill to "German lieuten
ants, who have been living In England
for years nnd who now nro taking ad
vnntnge of British hospitality to spread
their nets of espionage,"
According to Colonel Replngton, Eng
land line been infested with Gorman epics
for years, but there aro more here now
than ever before, nnd tho German Gov
ernment Is offorlng high pay to men and
women of education, culture and com
manding appearance who can mlnglo with
omclals of tho British Government In
the highest circles of society.
In part Colonel Replngton snys:
"The most dangcroUH of theso spies
are not tho lieutenants, but highly placed
persons who move In good society nnd
also in the rcnlms of finance, Tho Ger
man system extends to all classes.
Twenty years ago some of our officers
camo Into touch with tho German in
telligence servlco and learned a great
deal about It. Even at that time the net
was large nnd was so widespread that it
extended even to America, whore agents
acted In tho gulso of business men.
"Despite its fervid activity, I have not
a very high opinion of the Germin In
telligence system. The failure of this
department to learn until August 20 that
theio was a British army In France Is
the best proof of Its Incapacity."
PIGEONS UNDER UNION JACK
LONDON, Sept. 30.-IIomlng pigeon so
cieties In Birmingham today placed 30,000
cnrrler pigeons at the disposal of tho
officials of tho Government malt service.
MT3MTTC I nnnmTiwr U
lUHUUOArAUDLJMU
FOR COMMISSARIAT
DURING WAR TIME
French Troopers Have
nn'J J T :i 1 fi
r U1vt uuu inuerai rare
and Each Soldier Carries
Emergency Ration.
PARIS, Sept 30.
Every man In tho French army carries
with him ono day's reserve rations, which
may only be used In case of extreme '
urgency, xney consist of SO grammes
(10W ounces) of war biscuit, M grammei
of preserved meat, B0 grammes of con
densed soup, 36 grammes of coflee, 80
grammes of sugar. There Is also a litre
of brandy for every 16 men.
The food served out dally consists of
700 grammos of bread, 100 grammes of
rlco or haricot beans, 24 grammes of cof
fee, 32 grammes of sugar, bacon, salt
and BOO grammes of fresh meat or JM
grammes of preserved meat, with 50
grammes of pureo de legumes to make
soup.
Beyond this, whenever posslblo, pro
visions are bought on the Bpot by the
ofTlcers In command, such as vegetables
various seasonings, nnd Bomotlmes wine '
Revltuallzlng Is carried out as far as
possible by rail. The difficulty Is that the
regiments aro continually changing their
quarters, and thus tho commissariat has
tlimculty In finding them. To simplify
mnttois each day a special station Ii
chosen for each army corps. The regl
mental transport goes every day to this
station nnd receives two days' provisions
so that there Is always an abundance of
reserve supplies.
If tho railway Is not available supplies
aro provided by motor trnnsport. If
motor transport falls In a day or two
the corps d'armee draws on Its stocks
of provisions, which are good for four
days. The organization Is based on &
system of enormous depots at Important
railway centres. At each of them hun
dreds of thousands of rations of bread
arc baked every day and supplies of nil
kinds are accumulated.
Herds of cattle are driven some dis
tance In the rear of each army corpj
and rested bofore slaughtering, The dally
consumption of each nrmy corps la la
head of cattle, and the meat Is carried
... ,l,n .Ai. lit, T?nita milni nmnltMi...
Since the beginning of the campaign thi l
r-nmmlB.mirlftt Denn.rtmcnt hnfl wnrlr
without a hitch.
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When You Order Your Coal
Order Reading Anthracite
Your dealer handles this brand a high-grade coal that
has been the standard for almost a century. There's NO
SMOKE and it gives you most heat for your money.
Order now and get prompt delivery. The big winter rush
may inconvenience you.
For Domestic Use Order
Egg, Stove, Chestnut or Pea
For Steam Use Order
Buckwheat, Rice or Barley
The Philadelphia and Reading
Coal and Iron Company
General Office Reading Terminal
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M
C. J. Heppe & Son.
Pounded 1885
At last an Aeolian
Player Piano at a
price that puts it
within reach of all
A little brother of the rich a complete, thoroughly
dependable player-piano; a true product of the great
Aeolian factories, heretofore priced $550 to $2150.
Delightful in tone; handsome in design; beautiful in
finish; as superior to other low-priced player-pianos
as the famed Pianola is to all others.
The very reasons that have made the Pianola famous;
the qualities that have made it the choice of the
world's celebrities should convince you that this in
strument, the product of the same great organization,
is the instrument for you.
We invite your Inspection.
Terms will be arranged to suit.
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The Aeolian Family include! the following PLAYER-PIAN08;
Steinway Pianola, J13J0 Weber Pianola, $1000 Wheelock Pianola, $780
Stroud Pianola, J580
Francesca-Heppe Player-Piano, (180 Aeolian Player-Planoa, $395
C. J. HEPPE & SON
1117-1119 CHESTNUT ST,
8IXTH AND THOMPSON STREETS
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