s r EVENING LEDGER PHILADELPHIA, MOJSAY, SEPTEMBER 2& 19l. EVENING M& LEDGER PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY ctnus ir. k. cutms. rnintDtsT. 0. V Ochu, Swrttnry! John t' Martin. TrtMUrfM Charts II. Lirtlngton, I'hlllp 8. Collins. John n. WIN "mnii. Dlrfclnr. EUlTOIttAIj KOAUDl Cf (iBJ It. K. Ccrtik, Chairman. if n. wnAt.nr .JJL111 . 1..1Eemiv e-"!"! 'OHN C. MAP-TlN . genual Hulnm Mannirar I'ubllntied dally, except Sunday, at Pcat.to t.mxisi HulMlne. Independence Square. Philadelphia l.rruia Cr.NiaAt,.,.,, Broad and CheMnut Streets 4TUSTI Titi rrtss-Vnlon Dultdlnc Vaw Tork I"0-A. Metropolitan Tower Cmcino SIT Homi Invirance nulldln London 8 Waterloo riace. Pall Mall. S. w. NKWSUUnEAt'S! JUaaimtilKj HnncAti The Patriot HulMlnic JVAani.vnTOS ncKB The Post nu Id ns Nftv Tome ntJnein The Time Uulldlne ImiitlN Uraein flo Frledrlchtrao J.ONnoN noiiBAD 2 Pall Mall Eaet. 8. W. PiBH Bubejo 32 Hue Louie la Grand st'nscnirnoNTknM. By errler. Diii.t OxLr, six cents. By mall, postpaid futelde of Philadelphia, except where fnrtlim poitace la required. Daily o.ii.t. one month, twenty.fUe cent; tiiltT O.vlt, one year, three dollars All mall subscript tlons payable In advance. OEM, 3000 WALNUT Kf.YSTOSK MAIN 3000 . Cr Addrtsa nil communication to Evtnina Ledger, Independence Squnre. I'littad'lpMa. 2' 41 r..TtRD At THB full APBUPItlA rosrorricu AS ercOND- . cum Mttr, VArrrn 1 mit.AnM.rjlM, MOMMY. SFrTKMnF.R 20, 191 1 I mm Look Out For Red Herring TAXPAYERS are determined to have rapid transit. Thoy -will not be euchred out of IL Any schemes, therefore, involving the expenditure of large sums of city money .ihould be viewed with the gravest suspicion. It Is An old trick for obstructionist politicians to defeat a transit project by dedicating a large part of a municipality's funds to other plausible enterprises. There arc few contem plated public Improvements of so great lm oortanco as the building of the new subwny clevated system. As a choice between It and any other Improvement, transit would come .Irak It Is a good time to be on the lookout for red herring. "Safety First" for Pcnroseism THE Old Guard Is out for halos, or any thing at all that looks well and costs lothlng a Uttlo stolen altar fire to blind tho public eye to facts. John P. Connelly dons i he mantle of Judge Lindsay, drops a sob over tho delinquent child and negotiates tho Municipal Court grab. But, ns always, tho master outdoes the man. Penrose has found the perfect halo. It encircles his classic brow on his newest campaign button "Safety First." The best advertised phraso of the year, appealing, reassuring, yet gloriously abstract; how well it goes with Penrose. "Safety First." But whose? Mexico Lubors in Transition WHETHER or not Huerta and his gov ernment would havo brought order out t chaos in Mexico if the cx-dlctator had re 5p"ved jho aid and recognition of the United tales Is no longer a question in the minds C serious students of Mexican history and ffairs. The struggle of the Constitutional 's has not been a bandit raid upon their mntry in the name of revolution. It is the ime struggle which inspired Hidalgo and lorelos and Guerero and Juarez and a host r other patriots in their fight against the vranny of Spain and the oppression of tho i ivileged class in their own country. It is i.ie same struggle which sounded the death :nell of feudalism iu Europe before the ad ent of the modern industrial era, and it is he same struggle which Inspired the Ameri- an colonists in their battle for political and economic independence. Mexico, the country t early Spanish superstition and despotism, nd, later, private exploitation and betrayal, s Just waking up to the fact that feudalism s not the last stage of human progress. At st she stands upon tho threshold of a new a. The transition, because of its long de- y, is being accompanied with unusual hard ibor and suffering. It will be accomplished .i the end. ;. i ra , Music Teachers Come to Their Own ooTIHE laying of the cornerstone of a home Ti for retired music teachers in Germantown a only another sign that the American peda gogue of music is at last coming into his wn. The biggest portent of all is the war i. loud over Europe. Hitherto the foreign eacher has had everything his own way. The restige of the Continent led every Ameri can pupil who could afford it to take the jng Journey overseas. Now it will be a reek Jess parent, Indeed, that will trust a son or daughter to tho chances of Italian neutrality, while it Is doubtful If either conservatories private teachers will be doing business in ermany, France or England. Our Ameri an teachers may not be the equals of the European: they have never had the material ith which to prove their abilities. Now is heir chance. If they know their art. what hey call the myth of Continental training will be exploded for all time. Stage Set for Republicanism A REBOUND toward conservatism is ap . parent throughout the United StateH, The war has sobered public opinion. In fact, even lefore the war sentiment was veering away from the experimenters who imagined that he only sure way to further morality was to change the form of government. But this return to common sens does not mean a re turn to Penroseism and the other kind of isms" which were so emphatically repu diated, first in 1910 and later in 1912 The people have learned that they can have sim ple honesty without fanaticism, and they are going to Insist on having it. The stage is set for a triumphant revival "f militant Republicanism Everywhere men re asking themselves If it Is worth while to -vlnk more of foreigners trade with qs than ' our own trade with foreigners. They are nore determined than ever to make this na- on absolutely Independent In a manufac. iirlng way. They are ready to go forward u constructive enterprise; they are anxious o begin again the upbuilding which has emporarlly lagged. They will not hesitate o vote their convictions at the polls if as- ured of honest and faithful leadership, of i apable Instruments to carry out their wishes. If Pennsylvania indorses Penroseism It will merely convince the nation that there Is more cleaning to be done before the Republi can party can be entrusted with tho conduct f the Government. The defeat of Penrose-'Wp- t" tne otnel' hand, will convince good republicans everywhere that their oppor tunity Is at last at hand. to bo characteristic of Amerlcon mn .ncrs, It Is largely through thl3 natural disposition of the public that the political boss has climbed Into power and. In many cases, remained there. "What he has secured for his con stltucnts has been appreciated and thanks have been duly rendered. "Pork" In a rivers and harbors bill, a bank cheek for charity, a barrel of Hour for a workless and wagctess voter by such means the eorruptlonlst In politics retains popularity with that "good fellow,' tho public. But even In a "good fellow" the spirit of rebellion Is not dead. There may come to him a recognition of the fact that he has been Imposed upon, thnt tho other "good fellow" has gone too far. It Is humiliating, maddening, to be made a means to an end, tn politics the rebuke can be administered at the polls. Daylight Kins a Grab ORDINARY citizens may be In doubt con cerning tho plans of the Organization "to make a killing" through the acquisition of land and palaces for the Municipal Court, but the Organization Itself knows what It wants. The architects were not asked to draw plans for one building on a corner lot. The project Involves an entire city block. Not only will the building of the one structure provided for In the loan bill Increase Imme diately the cost of the land which the city will have to acquire later, but It will enhance greatly the value of all property in the vicinity. This docs not imply real cstato speculation, for it Is not speculation when men gamble on a "sure thing." The light of day has put an end to the Illegitimate profit In the transaction, how ever. The small houseowncrs now under stand the scheme, and they will neither sell nor give options. They will take the profits themselves, as Is proper, If the extravagant plan Is finally consummated. But the whole adventure has given the -jlty a clear view of tho methods by which Penroseism in Phila delphia flourishes and retains Its power. PASSED BY THE CENSOR Old Issues in New Primaries NEW YORK holds its first primaries today. It will doubtless afford somo relief to the voters of that State to use the oppor tunity of thinning out the number of can didates for the Governorship and certain other offices. There have been so much brawling and billingsgate and general confusion that the voters will be lucky if they can see any issue at all except tho old ones of Tammany and Barneslsm. But these old ones still need attention, and today the principal Issue at the polls is good citizenship. Shocks From Ice Cream Plunges ICE CREAM has won official standing as a food. It used to bo considered a sort of thermal debauch, you expended untold pounds of energy in melting it. The cream value was nothing compared with the waste in bringing it up to the temperature of tho human interior. But some of tho doctors have changed all that. Ice cream Is now tho best number on the program, the perfect close to the alimentary entertainment. And it is that same chilliness which docs the trick. The Ice acts like a cold plunge in the morning, a. shock which leaves the stomach in a glow of reaction. Such Is the new theory that has made triumphant progress among the young. Yet a doubt remains. A bath is a shock, but it is sudden, brief. You don't have to sit In the water until you've raised It to your own temperature. Ice cream Is different. Children Point the Tay to Health THE public schools are the big field for social sanitation. Proper treatment of the school child brings us close to the source. There disease can be discovered and cured before It has wrecked life. Scientific school hygiene means finding the best environment for the physical and mental growth of the child. It means correcting physical defects while they are still remediable. It Is useful in bringing standards of right living into homes without them, homes where dlseaso otherwise breeds and spreads. The child is the easiest and most fruitful avenue to pub. lie health. The "Good Fellow" Has a Smashing Fist THE American publlr, it has been said, is a "good fellow" 'Whether or not Kipling va right when he asserted that our people aret Indifferent to liberty and equality, but IpAlst on fraternity, good fellowaldp- eeema Peace Earned. Not Bestowed QEWARDS are promised peacemaker In J.V tne future, nut nere iney nave ineir own troubles. Various are the peace theories In these das of war. Som would enter Into compacts of fellowship and enforce them with soldiers. Others would make treaties by signing a paper which In times of trouble is likely to be trampled under the feet of armies. Another piico party would cultivate public opinion against the horrors of war. All the.se theories are good while th nations keep sweet, but once they grow angry Ideals of federation disappear like frost before tire. Peacemakers, however, look forward to the realization of a golden dream, and deserve encouragement. In the meantime, let us re member that peace Is something earned, not besto-wed: that the fighting blood of the animal cannot be changed by resolutions or legislative enactment. Peace is one of the ripe fruits of the, eternal spirit, "Ten Cents a Pound." Do you cotton to it? It's a long, long way to Tlpperary" for Home Rule. It loofcs as if Carranza intended to get out and get under. The baseball situation may be described as beans and more beans. "Prosperous" France extend? the mora, torium, while Germany subscribes f 16.000.000 more. The capital slum WH has been signed by the President. Nothing remains to be done but get rid of the slums, Housewive are blamed for the high cost of sugar, U having been prgved that they continue to use it. There has been too much confusion about J a simple yiing. przemysi is pronounced as if It were not spelled that way. The events of the last week In Europe hav proved that the Germans and Allies are tied for first place in the Anti-Civilization League. It must cause George Fred Williams a sharp pang to view A. Rustem Bey and see Just how much indiscreet talk a diplomat can emit. The President did right to stop the plan of New Jersey Democrats to indorse him for a second term, but it may be noticed that there Is nothing in Mr. Tumulty's letter to indicate that the President will not be a can didate to succeed binuelf. 1 THE HON. JOHN F. FlTZGEltALD, bet ter known as "Honey Fits," tho man who made Boston famous and placed the Sacred Codfish on the map. or vice versa, Is a fight ing Irishman, who docs what Is exactly op posite to accepted standards. Himself n Democratic boss, ho whipped his fellow bosses. Defeated for Mayor he "came back" and was re'ulectcd. In fact, he Is akin to Gilbert K. Chesterton, the English wit, of whom some one wrote In the American Magazine: When plain folk such as you and I Sec thu sun setting In tho sky, We think It Is the sotting sun; But .Mr. Gilbert Chesterton Is not so easily misled. Me calmly stands upon Ida head And up.ldc iloun obtains n new And Chestortonlnn point of view. Observing thus how from his toes The sun creeps nearer to Ids nose, lie crlos with wonder and delight, "How good the sunrise Is tonight I" It Is so with "Money Fltz." Retired from the otllce of Mayor, ho sought now fields to conquer, and found them In n clothing snop near Scollny Squat e, wheic Fit now fits men. EMPEt troul ibles arc ns the sands of the sea, once had nn experience which ho recounted with zest for many years. He had been visiting the villa of a friend In the outskirts of Vienna, nnd had played cards until 2 In tho morning.. Not desiring to disturb tho house hold, ho started for tho front door In tho dark, promptly upsetting a chair. The old cook, awakened by the noise and thinking that It was a thief, rushed Into the hall. She recognized tho Emperor nt once, and, not knowing how to entertain a ruler en negligee, she dropped on her knees and at the top of her voice started to sing the national anthem, "Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser." IT HAPPENED long ago, so there can be no good reason why this story should not be told, although It concerns an esteemed contemporary. Its owner established an American dally In London and promptly en gaged nine English Journalists nnd one Ameri can reporter, named Haverlcy. Then Lon don was placarded from end to end with a request that Britain buy "next Sunday'a Issue," In which could be read a beautifully illustrated and well-written description of "Historic Hnmpstcad Heath." Tho pictures were In the office and an English Journalist was sent forth to get the reading matter, with instructions to report not later than Friday. Friday noon came and no Journalist. Evening came and no sign of the missing genius. Then the editor called on Havorley with instructions to f,et the desired matter, If h had to die for it after he was success ful, of course. Now, Haverley knew ns much of Hamp stead Heath as a cat does of the calculus, but he wns an American. So he hied himself to Hampstcnd Heath, where he found the Three Spaniards, an inn owned by tho same family for 300 years. To the proprietor ho told his troubles. "I can help you," said tho Innkeeper. "My grandfather, father and myself have kept a scrapbook of everything written about the 'Eath most of it is by Thackeray, Scott, Dickens and George Augustus Henry Snla." Haverley swore by all that was holy to return the book, and departed in triumph. At home, knowing the need of speed, he scissored and clipped the precious pagen right and left, wrote nn Introduction and rushed it to the composing room, where it was put into type. The AVcdnesday after this concoction, the mental emanations of Dickens, Scott, Thack eray and Sala, had seen the light of day, the managing editor of the London dally received a letter from the proprietor in Parla, reading: "Please congratulate the gentleman who wrote the story of Hampstead Heath. It was a maaterplece of English." THE proprietor of a Chinese restaurant In Race btroet bought a phonograph not long ago and with it a dozen records of Chinese music. Then he tried It on his patrons. From the horn Issued a conglomeration of cacoph ony beyond the power of mere words to describe. Shrill treblpfl, male falsettos pre dominated, punctuated by speaky tenors. In terspersed was the din of tom-toms and the plunk-a-plunk of celestial banjos. It was a sextet, tho proud owner averred, but not from "Lucia." For a full minute the noise continued, then it assumed tangible shape emblematic of the topsy-turvy character of the Chinese. Throughout was a lelt motif, repeated and reiterated time and again. Then came a crescendo, tremendous in Its sharp shrill ness, accentuated by hysteric beating of drums and thumping of stringed Instruments of torture. Then followed a dismal wall, more haunting than that of the banshee, and the sextet was a thing of musical memory. A PAIR of stout pajamas saved Sir John Jelllcoe, commander-in-chief of Britain's navy, from a damp and watery grave. In June, 1593, when Btill a mere commander, Jelllcoe lay desperately ill from fever in his bunk aboard the battleship Victoria when she was rammed by the Camperdown. Tho alarm was given and Jelllcoe rushed to the bridge, though delirious. A moment later, with the sailors standing in proud line, aH befits seamen, singing their national anthem, the great ship gave a heave and plunged Into the depths off Tripoli. Jelhcoe was drawn down by the suction and would have been drowned but for the presence of mind of an unknown hero. Seeing an expanse of pajamas going down Into th waves, the un known made a wild graBp. managed to get a hold, and swam toward the rescuing boats not Knowing whom he had saved That Id why Jelllcoe lives to have this tale told obout him. BRADFORD. CURIOSITY SHOP The Mazda incandescent lamps now In common use are named after Mazda, god ness of light, the deity of the Zornastrlans. or Mazdalsts. The character of Zoroaster fur nishes the theme for an absorbing and ex quisitely poetic romance by F. Marion Craw ford, the American author, who spent many years In Eastern countries. The skeptical phrase, "Tell that to the marines." originated in England, where the sailors poked fun at the lack of sea knowl edge on the part of the marines. Lord Byron in his poem, "The Island," makes use of the phrase: ... " "I'm thin, whatever Intervenes," "Right." quoth Ben, "that will do for the ma rines" In the early part of the last century, some wise men of Southampton, England, cut a ditch for barges between their city and Redbridge. But because of the high dues, the canal waa never used, and the wisdom of the builders was compared to that of the nan who cut two holes in the walls of his house, one for the mother cat and the other for the kittens. Tho "Llttlo Gentleman In Velvet." who ap pears occasionally In print, was a mole which raised a hill against which stumbled the horse which William III, of England, was riding, throwing tho monarch over Ub head. William broke his collar bone, and other complications ensuing ho died In 1702, "Hnlf seas over," moaning Intoxicated, Is traced to the Dutch phrase, "ob-zco-zober" oversea beer a strong beverage Introduc ed Into England from Holland, IN A SPIRIT OF HUMOR If thost Mexican bcltlccronts aren't care ful, somebody will have them arrested for disturbing tho peace. The Hesitation To ten or not to tea, that Is the tango; Whether 'tis better In tho maxlxo to suffer The slings nnd whirlings of the Texns Tommy, Or In press arms against n sea of chiffon, And by opposing rend It. To dance, to dtp And by that dip to sny wc end The two-step, waltz, and thousand natural steps That dunce Is heir to? To dip, to slip. To slip! Perchance to fall aye, there's the rub! For In that fall what steps may come When we have shuffled off our mortal feet Mukcs Us give pause And rnlher dance those steps we'vo lenrned Than rush to others that we know not of. Extend the Possibilities Tho "Buy-a-bale-of-cotton" movement can be extended Indefinitely. It Is not meroly tho South that needs assistance. For example: Buy a freight car and help the railway equipment companies. Buy a tank of petroleum and help John D. Rockefeller. Buy a steel rail and help Andrew Carne gie. Buy n- haystack nnd help the indigent farmer. Wo were about to add something about buying n ton of coal to help the coal cor porations, but tho subject Is too sacred. True Enough "There Is quite n. change In the weather," remarked the Optimistic Individual. "There always Is," added the Cheerful Pes simist. The Secret Out Falrmount (after a few puffs) I thought you said these were choice cigars. Wlssahlckon That's what I said my wife's. Of Course "A mad dog ran Into the smithy today," said the village blacksmith casually. "Heavens!" ejaculated His wife, "what did you do?" "Aw we shooed him. One Might This we may say for Mexico's One time first chief whose sway Is sliding; Who now Is weighted down with woes And with the end may be colliding; This may wo say that one might mention Him of course, we mean Carranza Unlike his fellow countrymen And get him In a single stanza. And likewise him who soon mav bllla. First chief; referring now to Villa. Villa is pronounced Vo-ya. A la Sherman Night Watchman (in any European town) Eight o'clock and all's hell. Life. In Doubt Caller Is your daughter an equestrian? Proud Mother Either that or valedictor ian. These class officers are so confusing, don't you know. Buffalo Express. It All Depends Examiner Now, William, if a man can do one-fourth of a pieco of work In two days, how long will he take "to finish it? William Is it a contrac' Job or is he workin by the day? Life. Score One for Pa Willie Paw, what, Is a monologue? Paw A conversation between a man and his wife, my son. Maw Willie, you go do your lessons. Cincinnati Enquirer. Terpsichore's Triumph "Isn't there a proverb about those who hesitate being lost?" "Yes," replied the frivolous youth. "But I never hesitate. The one-step is good enough for me." Washington Star, A Rondeau of Babies As you must know, some men there be Who flaunt the fact that they are free From nurs'ry thraldom; oft they cry (As though to prove an alibi), "All babies look alike to me!" To such a man, the fates decree The storks shall come In groups of three. It does no good to hide or fly. As you must know. All babies look alike? Ah, me! When they arrive. I well foresee He'll gain a more discerning eye, Or elRe he will discreetly try With wiser persons to agree. As you must know. Burges Johnson In Judge Affliction Muggins I feel so sorry for BJones. He's as deaf an a post. Bugglns Oh. there are worse afflictions than mere deafness. Muggins Yes, but he has always been so fond of hearing himself talk. New York Mall. Correctly Misunderstood Examiner Now, speak up, hoy. Do you know what nasal organ means? Boy No. sir. Examiner Correct! London Opinion. The Mysterous Keats The little agricultural village had been billed with "Lecture on Keats'' for over a fortnight. The evening nrrived at length, bringing the lecturer ready to discourse on the poet. The advertised chairman, taken 111 at the last moment, was replaced by a local farmer. This worthy Introduced the lecturer and terminated his remarks by saying: "And now. my friends, we snail soon all know what I personally have often wonderod what are Keats?" Pittsburgh Chronicle Telegraph. The Bacilli Craze "We are going to give up having Johnny get an education." "For what reason?" "WpII, we can't get him sterilized every morning in time to go to school." Puck. He Knew the Car "Vou are charged with giving asslbtance to the enemy." "How so?" "They bae your automohile." "They took it forcibly. Besides, it won't assist them any." Louisville Courler-Jour- TO THE PEACE PALACE AT THE HAGUE Builded of Love nnd Joy and Faith and Hope, Thou standest firm beyond the tides of war That dash in gloom and fear and tempest roar. Beacon pf Europe! though wise pilots grope Where trusted lights arc lost; though the scope Of storm i wider, deadlier than before; Ay. though the very floods that strew the shore Seem to obey some power turned misanthrope. For thou art witness to a world's deslro, And when oh, happiest of days! shall cease The throes by which our Age doth bring to birth The fairest of her daughters, heavenly Peace, When Man's red folly haa been purged In fire. Thou ahalt be Capitol of alt the Earth, Hofetrt Lodcrnood Jobnion, la lb In4pol4at. DONE IN PHILADELPHIA FOR tho last flvo years there hns been an agitation for tho restoration of the carrying trade of Philadelphia, and already tho movement Is displaying nlgns of bearing fruit. It Is n problem thnt will only be solved by the years to come, whethor tho port over will regain Us protld place ns tho foremost In the United States. The other day 'wo considered tho causes that led to tho flight of tho American ring from the seas during tlio period of the Civil War, and now wo might tnko a glanco at tho alleged reasons why Philadelphia, In 1S20 tho leading port of this country, should surrender her place on the list. OUR recent agitation was anticipated as far back as tho middle of the last cen tury. Great expectations from tho comple tion of the Pennsylvania Railroad wore com mon. It wn believed the trans-Allcghonlan line would pave the way for this Increase of commerce and attempts were made to In terest capital In tho establishment of new steamship lines between Philadelphia and Liverpool nnd London. Tho movement accomplished something; now lines were established, but they did not prevent New York from forging consider ably nhead. I REMEMBER reading the very pointed reasons for this diversion of our trade written by Richard Rush, who had been our Minister to London and to Paris and was a patriotic nnd loyal Phlladclphlan. However, ho did not spnro his compatriots in his ex planation of our loss of trade. His chief reason was what he called tho prevalence of "Hip Van Winklelsm" hero. "New York," ho wroto to Job R. Tyson, who was sending letters to the nowspapers In his enthusiastic attempt to arouse In terest In tho plan, "Is awake to it all. Most wisely hns she kopt awake ever sli.ee De Witt Clinton, tho Livingstons and Gouvcrneur Morris planned her first great canal, which others railed at as visionary. Boston Is awake. All mankind nro awake. A now existence has been sprung upon tho world. Wo sleep on sleep on sleep on, content, dollghted, at being tho second American city after having long been the first, and when wo could have become tho first again, be cause nature nnd geography havo written it down. "Wc quietly nnd complacently turn away from that decree. London Is 60 miles or more from tho sen, and for a thousand years had fourfold the dlillcultlcs of navigation in reaching it through the Thames that Phila delphia had over had in being roached through tho Delaware. The worst thought of all is that wo shall, in tho end. find our selves in a worse place than to bo only tho second city, If wo go to sleep; since to be falling baclc, relatively, In this ago of prog ress, is, in effect, to sink." THE man who warned President Monroe of tho workings of the European alliance that caused the enunciation of the now his toric Monroe Doctrine did not mlnco matters when colling his fellow townsmen to account for their weakness. In tho courso of tho same movement, "Wil liam Peter, tho British Consul here, who had been approached on the subject with the idoa of having him interest British capital in steamship lines, wrote much the same thing, but, of course, tempered hlB pen a little. He put down the advance of New York to "su perior pluck nnd energy." "While Pennsyl vania has placed her chief reliance on legis lation," he ndded, "New York has placed hers on solf-cxertion." Thi3 taking account of stock could not have been very agreeable to the Philadolphlans of 1S50, but tho course of treatment did them a great deal of good. Job R. Tyson-attributed the decline of our trade to quite other causes. He declared that the Stato and private capi tal ha'd frittered away many millions of dol lars In numerous canal schemes; that tho Erie Canal had diverted the Western trade from Philadelphia by reason of Its continuous route to tho sea, while our Western connec tion of part rail and part canal was a dis tinct disadvantage to the commerce It had been designed to assist HE DECLARED that a too cautious Leg islature had prevented banking capital from being more than one-fourth what It was in New York, and that although the Bank of the United States was located in Philadelphia it "did not render such accom modations to the business community hero as wero favorable to '.he growth of the for eign and the enlargement of tho coasting trade." With the completion of the Erie Canal many of the most enterprising Philadelphia merchants transferred their business and their capital to New York, and It was shown that one-third of the investments In Now York shipping in 1650 was owned by Phlla-delphlans. HOWEVER, even in those days this city was the chief manufacturing city In the country, and It was believed that when the Pennsylvania Railroad was com pleted and the primitive inclined planes and canals were replaced by a continuous road bed, commerce would return to this city. The Pennsylvania Railroad was completed In 1854. and its advent did prove a factor in bettering the commerce of the port for a quarter of n century, and then the carrying trade began to fall off again. The outlook, however, Is far brighter now than It was when Richard Rush and others wero trying to arouse the civic pride of Phil adelphia capitalists 60 yearn ago. GRANVILLE. Reviving Personal Combat from th St J.ouls Foat-Plipateh. V observe that Generals Villa and Obrogon came near to a personal encounter a day or two ago. They had words nnd rushed at each other and were "with difficulty restrained." Why in the name of humanity did anybody restrain them? Two generals iu personally con ducted warfare would be a spectacle to cheer up all the privates everywhere. THE IDEALIST When trouble comes a very peculiar per sonal trait asserts Itself. This trait is born of the failing from which nearly all fallings spring the falling of keeping the mind on self. One thinks that his or her troubles are the worst In the world. The tendency is to lose fclght of the fact that other folks have trou bles Just as serious. When the troubled mind accepts this truth Its own burden be comes lighter. An old Philadelphia minister frequently told his congregation, "Friends, no matter how badly you feel about something, just re member that there are other souls whose troubles are vastly deeper than yours." No matter how serious your trouble, it is . w .,lmPle mental process to conceive pf It being worse. The thing to do Is to thank your lucky stars that It doea not reach the limit or nar tho limit of your own imagination. A young girl lay on a bed of jaln. Her ?l&,M"lPSm''1 riifn" " T1" it ' - a utotin'iii'mirr inn i n m i -- - i ,, n .n,!- t.y lagjarag'WMMiitLMMte . ; ...n Jf rm temperament was of tho worrying type, anj of course, thin heightened her pain, Tho old family physician noted this. As ho left her room on one of his dally visits he casually offered the Information that "this afternoon I have to amptitato a boy's leg." No. The young lady did not launch Into a tlrndo against the countless sorrows of the world. She Just grow less selfish, In sym pathetic contemplation of tho lad's Bufferings she took her mind away from self. In doing which she hnd discovered tlio real secret of lightening her burdens. VIEWS OF READERS ON TIMELY TOPICS Contributions That Reflect Public Opin ion oti Subjects Important to City, Slate and Nation. To th Editor of tht Evtning Ltdpert Sir Tho splendid work of tho Cvemino LKDOEft in calling attention to tho child labor evil nt this time should result In great g6od for the working boys nnd girls of Pennsylvania. This Is a most opportune time nnd I feel keenly the necessity for ovcry votor ascertaining ex actly how the candidates for the Stato Senate and Houso of Representatives In tho district In which he lives stand upon tho question of nn eight-hour day nnd tho abolition of night work for children under 18. Tho Association feels that every man who Is running for office nnd Is not willing to ptedgo himself to vote for these two provisions should bo defeated. It is a fjworlto contention of tho manufac turers and other employers of chlldron that they cannot work their older employes more than eight hours a day nnd their children under 16 only eight hours. This Is not true. If any manufacturer will only show a willingness so to arrange his schedule as to keep tho children busy eight hours nnd tho machines and other employes a longer time, ho will find that It Is a comparatively simple matter. This was very clearly proven In Massachusetts. In that State they passed n child labor law which wont Into effect last Scptombcr, containing mUcli the samo provisions as I have outlined for the proposed legislation In Pennsylvania. At once there was a great cry on tho part of tho manu factures that they would have to dlschargo nil children under 16. The law went Into effect on the first of last' September, nnd on that date there were 30,000 children nt work under 16 In the Industries of Massachusetts nnd Now Jer sey. Child labor Is at once tho cheapest and dear est form of labor. Manufacturers and others employ children because thoy can get them at a small pride. But when ono considers their wastefulness and Inattention, there Is a con siderable financial offset, and by snpplng the strongth of the young manhood nnd young womanhood of tho State, through working tho children long hours, a price is paid In tho de teriorating standard of humanity which makes, child labor the very dearest form of labor that any one can employ. DR. J. LYNN BANNARD, Chairman Educational Committee Pennsylvania Child Labor Association. MEXICAN VIEWS VERSE To the Editor o rlic Evening Ledger: let tho soldiers stay Down In Mexico, while they Need a wise protectorate Over thotso who rule the State A queer bunch; most any day They may break out In a fray. Some old Chapcau In the ring Down there is a common thing. Fact Is they don't want war cease; No place for a dove of peace Anywhere In Mexico; It would bo unwise, Woodrow, To call home the soldiers now, At tho outbreak of a row, "Twlxt Carranza and his mate Villa, 'bout ruling tho State. If It need bo let them stuy 'Til tho break of Judgment day. Or maybe we'll have to take For the common people's sake Like we did tho Islos from Spain, And not give them back again, The old land until our light Shows them how to nilo aright. D. H. KENNET, Philadelphia, September IS, 1014. SPARE PRISONERS HUMILIATION To the Editor of the Evening Ledger: Sir From a window of a New York train a few days ago I saw a dozen or moru men In striped uniforms working In tlio fields which bordered on the railroad tracks. Tlicj wero plowing and doing the lato harvesting They wero of tho county prison at llolmesburg. Some of the men undoubtedly weio thieves, but among them also wcie men whose worst offense was drinking too much or fighting. In my opinion a prison or a houso of correction Is a place to reform a man, not to humiliate him. Why not do away with this Kind of labor for the same reasons that made the ducking stool and tho stocks unpopular generations ago ' M. M. Philadelphia, September 26, 1914. THE HEEDLESS SHOPPER To the Editor of the Evening Ledger: Sir I was very glad to see the letter of "A Disheartened Salesgirl" In the Evcniso LEPaEit Saturday. It hit at a big evil, bigger than it seems. I know, because I havo offended. Thoughtlessly, Inconsiderately, i have caught myself treating shopgirls with just the In civility that alio complains of, and troubling them with a hundred needles) errands. Too oftfin no purchasers are thinking only of ta ing a cent or two or getting awu. In time for tea. When I hear other women tall, of emu, unobliging shopgirls, 1 think of how much I have unconsciously contributed to their "nerves" and tholr troubles. M L. S Newark, N. J., September 27. 1014. THE AGONY COLUMN To the Editor of the Evening Ledger: Sir I was much Interested to read in Sat urday's Evening Ledueii of tho present t.ite of the "personal" or "agony" columns of the London papers. Haa any reader, I wonder, uny experience of such a curious Institution In nur press? Sherlock Holmes spoke of It in on of Conan Doyle's stories ns n medium of com munication between criminals. Perhaps that li why our papers have not cultivated It. J. S. PEARS. Philadelphia, September 27. 1914. NATIONAL POINT OF VIEW it Is an excellent thing to find bankers In all parte of tho country explaining, excusing and defending their position. They never wer under any such compulsion before. New York World. We naturally regret the new rupture between Carranza and Villa, but we do not regard It as a defeat of American diplomacy or as evidence that President Wilson's policy toward Mexico waa wrong in principle or in application Richmond News Leader. It Is Important that the business men of th United States should "go after" the South American trade, but something should be dona also about the Mexican trade. Commerce has boon almost at a standstill In that unhappy country for several years. Louisville Evening Post. It begins tn look as If the scheme of Dean TwW and other Progressive leaders in Penn sylvania to turn over the Progressive partjf hand and foot to the Democratic machine i" that State will result in incalculable benefit to Senator Penrose, the man of all men upon whom the Progressives have lavished their bit terest denunciation. Springfield, Mass., Union. Colonel Rooeevelt's Wichita speech revealed one of the reasons for his continuing influence in the country. A man who stands Intelligently and effectively for Justice to employe and em ployer alike, who has the courage to speak out when either side takes a wrong position, who Is duxled neither by the millionaire nor (he powerful politician, must always be a power ful factor In affairs. Kansas City Star. Since it has not always been the fortune of the Sun to approve the work of Mr. Bryan in the State Department, we have the greater pleasure in giving cordial praise to the courtesj. the patience and the success with which that department has helped many thousands of Americans to trace their friends In Ecrope, k In the tangle of mobllizatloa and wax. Ne" York Sun. - -- Ml i Kin
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers