EVEffiya LEDaER-PHILff&BLPHlA. MOKPAY, SEPTEMBER 28, 1013-
GERMAN COMMERCE
COLLAPSES UNDER
PRESSURE OF WAR
Dr. Emil Lederer Virtually
Admits the Fact, But
Points to Good Harvest as
Some Consolation.
There
are, of course, other causes of
success, but it can be said with certainty
toul . coun""y which Is favored by the
Prosper.
mentioned Is certain to
TARGET OF WARSAW FORT,
ZEPPELIN FALLS TO EARTH
Aerial Assault Palls When Fierce
Fire Pierces Envelope.
A 7 i. WARSAW, Sopt. 21
of it?,?"" .? 8hot rtow" " Its crew
ffli1 futl,e tl P th.
'ie ZeDDe In ..-., it. ..
a. m; ;..rrr' ." ."" ?
1 two be
Uroad to
xpioaed and the
at
. m. Saturday,
th mTi :? "" "ear the station of
w nw,H ."ff-. 5?ir
drop7d Two tlUTr- P"vlouly it had
:!?. ? bombs near the station of
tight.
one of
damage was
BEItMN, Sept. 2.
TVhatover be tho outcome of the war,
the trade of Germany hna been bo crip
pled that It Is now on tho verge of
total collapse. Tho 'progress made In
manufacturing In recent years was simply
amazing. At tho outbreak of the war
Germany had probably overtaken Great
Britain, so far as foreign trado was con
cerned, and a year hence would havo
relegated" her rival to Becoml place In
tho world's commorco.
During the first six months of 1914 mor
ehandlso wns exported from Germany to
the enormous value of l,O13,00O,000, as
compared with $1,05,000,000 from Great
Britain and Ireland. This was running
England very closely, but whether Ger
many would have won or lost In the
race will now never be known, for tho
war has changed the channel of the
wholo world's trade.
DIt. LKDEUEIVS VIEWS.
An article by Dr. Emll Lederor in tho
Vosslseho Bolting Is an Interesting revela
tion of the extent to which German In
dustry has been already hit by tho war.
He tnys:
Tho romoval of all mon capable of
bearing arms has smashed Industry
to atoms. All the links uniting the
various trades havo been broken. Tho
crisis with regard to money and credit
which occurred In tho JlrHt Instnnco
was accentuated by tho necessity of
financing tho war by a single stroke.
Tho attempts made to meet tho
crisis by liquidating assets only mado
matters worse. The unfortunato thing
Is that this liquidation, which Is cus
tomary In all times of crislB, doos not
In the present Instance affect merely
a small body of speculators, but ex
presses tho fact that German Indus
try and its production are on a ficti
tious basis. A complete transforma
tion Is necessary in order to cope with
the new conditions brought about by
the war.
- At present there is little sign of
this. Wo see tho apparent paradox
that, In spite of tho increasing ab
sotptlon for military purposes of men
capable of working, thero Is nn In
crease of unemployment among thoso
that remain behind. Even tho much-sought-after
labor of women cannot
find employment. Day after day un
dertakings aie shut down or their
output diminished. Those, indeed,
which continue at work are working
with aimless overpressure and uncer
tainty, so that tho net output is di
minished. What are tho decisive economic
facts? Does tho complete break-up of
Industry which threatens Germnny
Invohe a disruption also,. of agricul
ture and of the supply of necessities?
Tho war means for Germany: First,
the prevention of exports, especially
of articles of luxury; secondly, the
prevention of Imports of the means of
subsistence, especially raw materials,
such as cotton, copper, etc.; thirdly,
the reduction or alteration In domn.i.i
by all nt the front and tho restriction
of demand by thoso remaining nt
home. There Is no longer any demand
for articles of luxury.
UftKMAN HARVEST GOOD.
Against these facts, which apparently
Involve the Government outlook for th,o
near future, Dr. Lederer mentioned
others which tend to relievo tho picture.
Germany, ho says, has had a remark
ably good harvest, so that, on tho whole,
the purchasing power of tho agricultural
Industry Is remarkably big.
Tho same aimlles to Industries iuM.i.
supply tho needs of the army and other
public purposes. The problem is to use
this purchasing power In such a way as
to revive nil those brnnchoB which supply
the needs of the above-mentioned Indus
tries. IT. Lederer then applies himself to a
discussion of somo process of develop
ment of Industries now dormant and
In this connection says:
"The question Ib how to build
round tho sound kernel. It will re
quire foresight and perhnps great ex
penditure for tho forces which could
bring about this reorganization auto
matically, do not oxlst Hitherto the
ngrlcultural trades supplying the
army and public works and contracts
have been stimulated; tho declslvo
problem Is, how can tho mass of pri
vate Industry be kept going or set go
ing again?
"It must bo remembered, first, that
the ninnunt of avalahle labour Is con
fciderobly reduced; secondly, that the
available raw materials will prob
fi .y..not bo "Ufclent for n long time;
thirdly, that the needs of private In
dustry havo during tho war under
gone considerable diminution and
change These facts must first be
recognized, then a systematic plan
or reconstruction must be drawn up
with the help of Chambers of Com-
.icitB ana similar organizations.
WHY GERMANY EXCELLED
Tho author concludes by recommending
the formation of a Central Permanent
Committee representing all the interests
to tea what can be done for tho revival,
even upon a comparatively limited basis,
f the trade una industries ruined by
the war.
Should the war be prolonged there would
$. ? difficulty In accompllsning this.
ut should hostilities cease and peaoe
ign once more, there Is no reason why
L-ermany should not again become a
Kreat factor in the wo: Id's commerce
uerrnany excelled !n every branch of in
.. be u mlnIn. forestry, agriculture,
i-i or machinery; textile or chem
'," ,"er magnificent training, patient
Planning and tireless activity enabled her
Jo master every problem In production
niiia 8"oces'1 unrivaled by any other
m.23: She owed her Prosperity to her
nJ "-vernment, uniform, practical
ana technical education, public control
con.?vnean8,.or transportation and the
constant anniioaiinn .. . ....-
!n.V,.i . --'"-"" oticmiiiu
...vu0 , lna process of manufacture.
STORIES OF ADVENTURE
FROM EUROPEAN WAR ZONE
A striking Incident occurred at the
conclusion of High Mass in St. Patrick's
Church yesterday whon the vast congre
gation was astounded to hear the great
organ peal out the tune, "It's a Long,
Long Way to Tlpperary." St Patrick's
Is tho largest Irish Catholic congregation
In Canada, and thousands of Its members
are In the contingent of 32,000 Canadian
soldiers now on their way across the
Atlantic to the war.
As the first notes of tho now famous
tuno were heard Uio whole congregntlon
stood stilt, nmazed by the unusual non
church music. The feeling of surprise
was followed Instantly by smiles and
every evidence of onthuslnsm as the wholo
congregation fell Into step, and many left
the edifice singing tho song.
An exciting story of the war Is printed
today bv the Petit Parlslcn. It concerns
the ndventuros of Richard Macgraly, a
private In tho Scottish Highlanders, who
was captured by the Germans near
Noyon.
Eluding his captors, Macgraly plunged
Into the Olso River whllo tho Gorman
tni.ilnru ..imf f htm. Although the bul
k-is passed all around him, the Scot dived
fnr beneath tho surface. Whon he bobbed
to tho surface ngaln tho German soldiers,
who were sunning along the banks of the
river, opened another fuslllado with rifles
and magazine pistols.
Macgraly again dived and swam as long
as ho could under water. Again ho had
to fnco tho volleys when ho rose to tho
surface, the bullets spattering the water
over his face.
After being In tho water five hours and
swimming many miles, Macgraley finally
found the French lines and Joined his
vegiment. Except for a fow scratches,
caused by striking obstructions In diving,
tho vonturcsome scoicnman was un
harmed.. He estimates that more thnn
BOO shots were fired at him.
British warriors have a new song.
It Is: , ,
Mm cf Yorkshire, men of Kent,
Canllcrs, O Cnvallera!
Yo wlio Into battle went
For your faith, nnd y who spent
For your King jour blood and tears.
Answer us who call you now,
Sprnk across the n.nlhed years
From tho harvest fields aglow.
Battlefields of lonir ago.
Cavallsrs, O CAvallersl
War has rent the veil that hides
nnsland's strength, and It appears
Connausht now by Ulster rides,
n4 by yet tho Ironsides,
Cavaliers, O Cavaliers!
Ptllt tho noble forelands stand.
Still her sreen the oak trea wtars,
full the ling of KnBland grind
Wnvca abovo tho English land,
Cavaliers, O Cavaliers!
One for King and country all,.
Heedless how the tiattlo veers.
Round tho bURla! At tho call
Help us, so we hold the wall,
Ironsides and Cavaliers!
In one big business office of Liverpool,
a volunteer ambulance corps has been
formed and classes are held regularly.
They aro very popular oxcept among the
office boys, who complain that they are
being "almost bandaged to death."
"It Is rigorously forbidden for any
woman to cast amorous glances at British
and French prisoners," Is the text of a
proclamation Issued by the military gov
ernor of Stuttgart.
A letter written by an English private
says:
"I see you are all excited about getting
us plenty of socks, but Heaven only
knows when wo shall get a chance to
wear them. I hnven't been out of my
boots for a fortnight. ... It would be
much more to tho point If you would
send us men to give tho Germans 'sockB.'
"Merry and Bright' Is still our motto
. . . Don't got downhearted, no matter
what you hear at home. Some of these
days things will come all right. Keep
your eyes wide open nnd you will have n
big surprise sooner than you think.
We're all right, and the Germans will
find that out sooner than you at home.
"PRIVATE J. WILLIS"
A British soldier writes this to rela
tives at home:
"Things are a good deal easier with
us now, for the Germans are getting
tired of always butting their heads
against a ntono wall, and we are keep
ing our spirits up wonderfully, every
thing considered. Wo don't mind how
hard tho Germans press us, for wo can
nlways give them as good as they give
us, with something to spare as a re
minder to Kaiser Bill that lie's backed
the wrong horse this time. I expect
he knows It by this time, and I wouldn't
bo In his place for tho world, It must be
nwful to feel that you have made mugs
of so many poor chaps who nre being
sent to their death for no good reason
that any sane person can see."
Paris Is quiet and serene. The people
aro calm and confident. Thousands of
French and British flags flutter from the
houses. The shops are open, but business
Is very quiet,
A sad feature of tho calmness of the
marts Is the business In tho dry goods
stores. In these shops most of tho busi
ness is done at the counters whore
mourning Is sold. Tho purchasers aro
most often weeping women, whoBo grief
naturally affects tho clerks.
Men and women, bearing, some of them,
the prominent American names, are
working In tho Noullly Hospital at tho
mosi menial tasks with admlr.ablo seir
nbnegatlon. It Is the duty of nn Ameri
can multl-mllllonalre to seo to It thnt
wounded Turcos, somo of whom have
been without a chango of clothes for a
fortnight, nro thoroughly and conscien
tiously scrubbed. Dollar princesses are
busy rolling bandages and preparing
dressings.
A visitor to tho American Hospital at
Ncullly sends this account of tho Turcos:
"Splendid fellows the Turcos nre, most
of them, with their whlto teeth nnd fiery,
feverish Eastern oyes. They smoke In
cessantly, some of them 80 cigarettes a
day. But English cigarettes aro not fiery
enough for their palate. Fortunately, I
had brought with mo a number of Eng
lish magazines, nnd one of them, tho
moat profusely lllustrntcd, I left for the
Turcos' delight. "Thoy love pictures,'
sold the nurse, 'and will lln looking nt
them for hours nt a time.'
"Ono of thorn, a magnificent fellow,
with the torso of Hercules, Is tho joy of
the ward. He has a smile that will not
come off. Ho was not so cheerful when
lie came In, for It had been found neces
sary to remove one of his front teeth,
which had been split In n. fierce hand-to-hand
encounter. Our Turco mourned tho
loss till ho was assured that he would
be given a gold one a nice, yellow, shin
ing gold one In Its place. Since then he
has not censed to smile."
An English Hussar, wounded nt Com
plegne, showed a correspondent tho bullet
that had shattered his thlgh-nn ugly
missile, with nil the appoaranco of nn ex
plosive bullet The point was bored, nnd
tho lead behind had spread out ahd flat
tened. He srot tho man who fired It. He
had been through all tho fighting, from
Mons to Compicgne. They had seldom
had moro than a couple of hours' consec
utive sleep. "We slept with our1 arms
through our horses' bridles. But It's a
grand life," ho said, with gusto, '-and I
want to bo back at It."
Ho had only contompt for tho TJhlnns.
"We camo Upon a dozen of them ono day
In a village Wo woro seven, but ns soon
as they saw us up went their hands. We
took them alL" A packet of English
cigarettes tho first he had smoked for a
month wero a welcomo boon. He lay
back, and took his first Inhalation with
an Infinite satisfaction. English soldiers
socm to find tho French tobacco too
harsh and strong. Newspapers, too, nre
always welcome, for In modern warfare
It Is the looker-on who sees most of tho
great game.
Tho Free Masons of Rome havo offered
the Government the great palace used
by tho Grand Lodge as headquarters for
uso ns a hospital should Italy onter tho
war. This Is the largest structure of Its
kind In Rome. The Minister of War has
replied that If tho need arises the kind
offer will be accepted.
There Is mourning In Berlin. Each day
more and more death cards "for King
and Fatherland" nppear among tho ad
vertisements In the papers. A son, a
husband, a brothor, Is lamented. The
number of blnck-bordered cards fill a
pago of each paper. And this Is truo
In every town in Germany. Newspapers
from Hanover, Cologne, Alx-la-Chapello
all tell tho same talc. The stream of
wounded grows. Night after night the
trains rumblo Into Berlin and the long
procession of ambulances start, and now
thoso who stay at homo receive back
unoponed the letters they havo been send
ing to relatives at the front. In red Ink
across tho face of the envelope Is writ
ten tho one pregnant word, "Gefallcn."
PRINCE, IN TATTERS,
MET WITH REBUFF
AT WOMAN'S HANDS
Prince August Wilhelm
Courteous to Nurse, Al
though Men Were
Admitted to Hospital.
Not
PARIS, Sept. M.
A Red Cross nurso who has been nt
whelms slnco tho first shells fell on
September 2 says the Germans behaved
In tho most correct manner on their
entry Into tho place on September 4.
when neither civil nor military authori
ties remained In the town. Many of tho
officers and men believed they were only
15 miles from Paris,
"Ono day," says this nurse, "a young
officer, wliose uniform was tattered and
extremely dirty, asked mo politely In the
street, after saluting me, whether I could
recclvo some wounded In my hospital.
I replied thnt it was Impossible, as tne GERMAN UASUALMfcS I U1'.OW
place was already full ana we were un-
ht in fvri thoso who were there. The
officer thanked me. I saw him then go
to a shop, where ho mado some pur
thases. Ho came out of the shop with
his hands filled with sausages and other
eatables. The ragged young officer was
Prince August Wilhelm, the Kaiser's
fourth son.
"Tho German general explained thnt
tho first bombardment on September 2 was
duo to a misinterpretation of an order
given to the battery.
"Tho Germans began to leave on Sep
tember 11 nnd tho French arrived tho
next day.
"On the day tho cathedral was struck
by the first shells we wero compelled
to empty tho hospital. Wo transferred
the Injured during the night whllo thero
was two hours of quiet and Installed
Utem In champagne vaults. I had '0
myself In ono cellar. Wo wero compelled
to search for provisions during tho day,
and In this work fivo religious and three
lay female nurses were killed.
"Life In the vaults was terrible, and
I feor It Is still continuing. Tetanus
and gangrene threatened each sufferer,
and Infection had to be fought every
minute, which was most difficult, as
many of tho wounded wero unable to
move. Between 7 o'clock In tho morn
ing and C o'clock In the evening I counted
ISO shells falling or passing Immediately
over us. Tim odor from the bursting
shells mndo breathing sometimes Impos
sible. The upronr was HUch thnt It was
Impossible to hear nnd wo wero obliged to
shout Into each other's ears.
05,008 Reported Wounded Only 10,
074 Killed,
BERLINi Sept. 28. The tcrtal German
casualties In dead, wounded nnd missing,
ns oftlcallly reported to date, nre 1W.W0.
These are made tip ns follows: Dead, IB,
67: -wounded, 65,0O8j missing, 83,007.
Tho casualty list announced yesterday
adds a. total of 10,627 casualties to those
preciously announced.
The last previous summary of totals,
which came out from Berlin was dated
last Wednesday. It announced that 10,
096 Germans had been killed nnd W,7
wounded, while 13,621 were missing, ,
totnl of 63,467. Tho loss of a thousand
more Germans was chronicled In a dls
patch sent from Amsterdam lost Friday
and evidently quoting official German
advices.
Yesterday's list Included only 10,527, so
that apparently other lists, totalling more
than 29,000, wore Issued In Berlin pe
tween Wednesday and Sunday without
reaching the outside world. These figures
bear out all the reports about the terrlfio
fighting that has been going on, especi
ally along tho lino of the Alsne.
a
DAY IN AND DAY OUT I
NEWTON COAL
plays a leading part in the industry and
material comfort of our city. Almost
everybody has found out that in weight,
quality and preparation it stands
UNEXCELLED
Egg
Stove
SEPTEMBER CHUTE PRICES:
. S7.00 Nut .
. $7.25 Pea .
25c extra if carried
57.50
$5.50
C3E. B. NEWTOEJ COAL CO.
1527 CHESTNUT STREET
nAcrc 3S00
SPRUCE 0400
mmmmmm
HEPPE
i'v!
E!
M
m
i!LL: lit
aidii
RRBiSfc! .
,!fa.lL"!L;
itil'HPil
WIS;
i u;ri fl
IP
!!fi
:HM
m
The royal significance
of the Pianola
Years ago the ability to play the harp was used as
a method of distinguishing the freed-man from the slave
A harp was a possession which a slave could not afford
and the ability to play it was an art that none but nobility
the 1 1""6 0pportunit' lo ac9uire- All royalty played
Today, kings, princes and all other grades of royalty
use the Pianola. It is the standard court instrument of
all Lurope.
$mZ8 ?"!' best of .a,, ,today' unlike the days of the harp,
- ,uuuy can enjoy mese royal privileges. The nianoiA
s Du.it in models at various prices to accommodate everu
Royal Warrant of iwmauon.
ApPP.,annon,ean-iii,fsth, "w U arrange terms for those who do not
Majesty Oeorge v care lo make casfr settlement,
0t E"B,and PIANOLA.PIANOS
Stemway (grand) ... .$2 1 00 Weber nnn
Weber (grand) 1800 Wheelock . .J " '$ 75S
Ste"way 1250 Stroud ,"" 55q
ALSO
Francesca-Heppe Player-Pianos $450
Aeolian Player-Pianos ', $395
Write for complete illutrated catalogue!.'
C. J. HEPPE & SON
1 1 1 M 1 19 CHESTNUT ST. 6TH ANff THOMPSON STS.
Store Opens 8.30 A. M.
WANAMAKER'S
Store Closes 5.30 P. M.
' ' "
ISife
The Grand Organ Plays Tomorrow at 9, 11 and 5:15
THE WANAMAKER S
TOR
AemioTuiinices for
Tomorrow
ale of Bigelow Roes
SolemidlM Clbioiir
2 Feet Sfee
m
In the Great
There Is
9x1
Thns Is a safle of large stocks amid complete
assortments not aim emergency coflflectSoni of
odds auid einidSo
It Ss a safle that came alboot DuatmiraflJly by
reason of a very important and very umimsiLJiaS
SndiuisitrDafl event the merger of the great
BIgellow and Hartford rang 5 nd mstriles.
It brought to os the Bagelow warehouse
stock in SMch large variety that yoM may
choose from ten different weaves in most
roomsfize rags0 For example:
i
&,
Here is yonnr choke of 9x12 ft. rags
all at a flat redmctiomi of oHne-foimrth
Bigelow Ardebi! Wiltons, $45
Bigelow Daghestan Wiltons, $37,50
BigelQwBalkan Wiltons, $37.50
Bigelow Bagdad Wiltons, $32
Bigelow Poritan Wiltons, $27.50
Bigelow Arlingtons, $28
Bigelow Bagdad Brussels, $24.50
Bigelow Utopia Axminster, $24
Bigelow Middlesex Brussels, $21,75
Bigelow Electra Axminster, $S8
En several other mimer! r.. iu b-
ns as laree as m the y19. cs - .
nn . '"- nv, otamui iLBBCire
rugs in uie same variety.
(Fourth Floor, Market) '
are many smaS
JOHN WANAMAK
mat