II
m
8
EVENING ifi& LEDGER
PUDLtC LEDGER COMPANY
CTOUS II K. ClinTIS, ramtDKNT.
Oto. W. Oeh. Beeretury; John C Martin. Trrnaurtr:
Charles II. I.udlngton, Philip B. Collins, John U. Wll
lttt). Director.
EDITOMAIi HOARD t
Cinus It. K. Conns, Chairman.
P. It. WITALr.V ExfCiUlv TMItor
JOHN C. MAP-TIN General nuMncManngeT
Publlnhed tlatly. except Sunday, nl PoM.io I.poi
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stmscnirnoN Trims
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IIF.IX, .1000 WII-NUT hPASTONn JI UN .inoO
ICT" Address nil communications 1a Evening
Ledger, Independence Snteirr, Philadelphia.
BNTEMKU AT HIE MtlUDEI fill ro'TOfHcB A SECOND"
CLASS MAIL MATTM1.
rillLUH.I.IMHA, IH1UAY. MaHMIllllIl 25, l'llt
EVENING LBDaER PEtILAt)lLPHlA, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 25 1014..
The Mayor Docs His Duty
THE Mayor litis signed tho loan bill In
splto of the $100,000 which It carries for
tho first ot a scries of Municipal Court
palaces. There was nothing elso for him
to do. Other Items In the hill wero of such
overwhelming Importance nnd the necessity
for haste, was so great that wise considera
tion of tho people's Interest required Mr.
Blnnkcnburg to acquiesce in one Indefensible
item rather than Imperil tho success of tho
bill ns a whole.
But tho Municipal Court crab is not yet
accomplished. Tho gentlemen who tiro paid
with slhocures for their votes in Councils aru
on the way to daylight. Tho public Is watch
- Ins them. It Is suspicious of anything they
support. It Is watchfully watting. It has
Its eyes llxed on men who call themselves
representatives of tho people, but take their
hire from the Organization.
Thero will be no business administration
ot this municipality until dual ottico-holding
Is In fact abolished. It Is oven now consid
ered by observing citizens a presumptive
evidence of guilt in hetranal of tho city's
Interests.
Apply the Dynamics of Reality
WHATEVER the United States Commis
sion on Industiial Relations Intends
to recommend to the Government as n
remedy for social unrest. It would be a
distinct scrvico to society If It would
address at least one of Its recommenda
tions to the country at large. It Is a rec
ommendation which cannot be put into law
books or legislative records. There Is but
one place where Its realization can abide,
'In tho mind and the heait of every man win.
feels that hos a component part of a greai
social whole, and that If society can eve
arrive at what some early philosopher
termed "tho best possible system of social
legislation" It will have to seek Inspiration in
what some people call a social religion that
Is, Christianity applied to tho problems of
the day and made virile with the dynamics
ot reality.
The Dumdum Dementia
0N"E of the outstanding evils of the Euro
pean conflict is the irrational, vicious at
titude that the great States of France, Eng
land and Germany have assumed in their
wordy wars over so-called atrocities. They
have turned what should be carefully rea
soned, temperate pleas for humanity into
mero partisanship. Accusations of cruelly
the ofllcial use of tho dumdum hullet have
been made by both sides with no other ap
parent motive than thf discrediting of the
enemy. Serious, conscientious consideration
would have shown the utter futility of It all.
No reputable evidence has yet bpen shown
of tho uso of the dumdum bullet by any
nation now nt war There have been wounds.
iX ' grievous wounds, unusual wounds. But lag
gard Investigation, on top of fierce accusa
tions, has shown that not only will the pew
"splt7," bullet, of conical shape, make such
wounds, but that the thin, stcel-lnclceted
fK ' missile, hitherto thought almost painless.
will produco a terrible ubrisiun at short
rango. That, and nothing else, accounts for
tho dumdum dementia M'nnwhlle truth V
forgotten and nations further embittered.
Two-For-n-Qunrter Uves,
UN'DEIt nn administration of the Southern
Democracy the country is ready to go
farther than "buying a bale" in preserve tho
cotton planter from financial decrepitude.
Secretary Daniels has come out for cotton
clothing. Perhaps he ha his eve on winter
vacation In Florida. Maybe he is only an
ticipating nn extension nf recent "fall
weather." However that may be, he has cant
in his lot with tho t'ntton Clothing iui and
rushed to the supportmoral, 0f ,,f.ure of
Miss aenovieve 'lark's antUallk dockings.
The first thing we know the carpet hac will
como back Into fashion and we shatl all b
leading comfortable, humble. two.fora-fjuar
ter lives.
Polaiul Should Up Free
OP ALL the rlmms made by the subject
peoples of Kurnpa in the present conflict,
that of the land of ('hop!n, : nklewtr and
Pschlbiahevsky deserves parti, ular attention.
Poland, torn apart by the tr.s and tur
moll of Europe, wi up! the most tragic
position In the strugKl'. Her sons are scat
tered under the banners of three armies.
Russia's treatment of th Holes is cun
parable in cruelty and despotism only to (IimC
of Germany. Austria, alone deserves credit
and admiration for her merciful attitude. A
people cultured, talented and occupying a
place of honor in the Held of art, science and
literature, the Poles have borne both the yoke
of Riissllleatlon and the despotism of qef,
manizatlon. The f'zar's promise of autonomy
to the Poles, like bis promise to the Jews, Is
but a delusion nd a snare. Vet the peopl
of Poland. 2Q.Ouo.ouu souls in all. should h
reunited. Tho republic of Poland should
grace the map of Europe. Poland should be
free.
The Sure Struggle Upward
THE history of all society is the history of
btrlfe and struggle. Out of the conflicts
of the ages lias risen the modern structure
of civilization. All along the path of history,
through savagery, barbarism, feudalism am)
our modern industrial state humanity has
made, Its way toward the realization of an
Ideal, which In us sum total tan be charac
terized as social hapr mess The aiiamnnnt
of this ideal may bo fur off us yet but at
sure as the earth revolves urouii 1 the sun
does humanity raarcb forward toward its
goal. Tho march of social evolution has pro
cceded along well-defined laws of progress. It
Is wrong to say that wo are groping In tho
dark. Wo are moving ever onward with an
Increasing impetus nnd momentum. Every
now and then n gigantic cataclysm Ilko tho
French Revolution or tho war In Europe
shakes the elements underneath tho sub
strata of society. Theso nro but Incidents In
the great drama of progress. Wo need not
fret. Let us nolo them and pass them by.
For out of the travail nnd strugglo of tho
ages Is sure to como a civilization whero war
and bloodshed, poverty and shamo, crlmo
and degradation shall bo no moro; whero
every man nnd every race shall live and
work In all tho power of their manhood;
where lino abilities shall go hand In hand
with still finer eligibilities; where every
child shall have full opportunity to develop
the best that Is In it, and whero they that
are greatest among us shall be our servants.
When the Stage Is n School
THE State of Arkansas has dono well In
passing its comprehensive child labor law.
It has erred only In classing the child actor
with children in "hazardous employments,"
and debarring him from work when under
sixteen. Tho stage nt Its worst may be
hazardous Indeed, but under proper condi
tions It Is a valuable school for tho child
of exceptional dramntlc tnlents.
What Is needed Is not prohibition but reg
ulation. Mnsnclutsetts nnd Illinois hnvo had
nn experience with prohibitive law. The
verdict of the casual observer, as well as the
expert, Is that It falls to work whero It Is
most needed. Realizing the lack of public
opinion behind the law, the mnnnger of tho
undesirable theatre brazenly evades It, while
hl3 reputable brother fears to allow children
in houses whero they would be noting under
tho best of conditions In tho best of plays.
Colorado and Louisiana have done better.
Thoy hnvo placed the licensing of child
actors In tho hands of the juvenile courts,
requiring the manager to sign a bond to
comply with certain desirable conditions ns
to education, salary and guardianship. Tho
child and tho public have both benefited.
Arkansns, In this respect, Is not helping tho
child. It Is only hindering dramatic art.
Conservation of Living Resources
SAFETY first, last and all the time Is tho
slogan that civilization in America has
adopted after a .scries of accidents and trage
dies which attracted public attention to the
value of prevention. Medical p-actlce for
many jears has concerned itself less with
tho cure than with avoiding the necessity
of a cure. In government the voters are be
ginning to realize that radical experimenta
tion must t-tand the test of safety before It
Is Indorsed. Tho complexity of our Indus
trial life, the multitudinous endeavors of
humanity in this modern age, tho dally In
troduction of new machinery, of new modes
of conveyance, etc., render It Imperatlvo
that extraordinary caro bo exercised In the
conservation of the greatest of our resources,
namely, tho population. In "safety first"
thero Is social uplift and social progress. As
a mero matter of economics the campaign
Justifies Itself.
"Mad Anthony."
AN'TlluNV COMSTOCK bns made another
A blunder. Sniffing round Broadway. In
stead of keeping to his excellent and useful
work as a curb on deliberate, printed "smut"
of various kinds he has come n cropper over
"The Beautiful Adventure" and Mr. Charles
Frohman. As to the play. It Is enough to
know that District Attorney Whitman has
turned down romstoek's charges with the
remark, among others, that "the lines re
ferred to portray a phase of romantic lovo
of a nature so delicate and Intimate as to
preclude either expression or portrayal of
vulgarity. The play Is neither Indecent,
immoral nor Improper." All of which Broad
way audiences had learned for themselves
long ago.
It Is significant and surely a most wel
come promise for the abatement of tho Coin
stock evil, that Mr. Frohman wra thy at an
accusation never before leveled at him or
his plays has sued St. Anthony for slander.
The effect should be salutary and lasting
rfu'w Duties and Old Troubles.
DOCTOR CHALMERS' sermon topic. "Tho
Expulsive Power of a New Affection,"
finds Illustration in moro than one Instance.
Where Is tho trouble In Ireland? It has been
expelled by a new passion for the British
Empire. A new duty compels us to forget
an old grievance. The greater determines the
lesser. Miss t'hrlstobel Pankhurst attracted
attention a few days Mnce as a "fury." Today
she ib triinlng raw recrultB for the tiring line.
The suffragettes havo lost their political
mu'lnexs for the time, nnd aie rallying
around the colors of the empire, which, after
all, they love. Such is "the expulsive power
of a new nffwtion," such tho influence of a
new duty breaking through prejudice, ani
mosity and bitterness, as the 8un breaks
through the clouds. The big perils and possi
bilities unite, the little issues divide, one
way to overcome an old trouble Is to engage
In a new task. Then does a man take up his
bed and walk. This truth is amply lllus
trated in the experiences of ih- everyday
life and especially In the European war.
The Turk has talked himself into a return
voyage
ii .11 ii i ip . .
The Democratic party in tho United States
is Wondrow Wilson.
"Watchful Waiting" Grand Spectacular
Revival of Last Season's Tremendous Suo-
iess.
Poctor Rrumbaush has been teaching
morality too lon for any bosses to teach
him to forget it-
The "atrocity" bottlers may l-am some
day that human kindliness is about tho sarao
under any helmet
If the poet Villon had been a Virginian his
olaint would have ran. "Where Is the mint
of yesteryear?"
Wherever thero is calamity thero is the
strength at Mr. Penrose, lie is at his best
In the community with the must men out
of VVCfK. '
i jiii wiiu nn mill ii IP -i-w.n
Italy can treat! on PMludoiphUi's tojjs as
much as she wants to and ha will 13ml them
to bo the best toes that her soldiers ever
wore.
That New Jersey Iron and steel manufac
turer who went into bankruptcy "on account
of war" has probably not been dealing In tho
styles of those metals popular Just now
abroad-
Th I'ii ei it nt still niM-is tfa.t tiw Govern
irut - outii buy a merchant nv-rtns of tbi
e . n. war in Europe tld no this c to d
with this scheme except to give its sup.
porters an excuse for bringing' it forward.
PASSED BY HIE CENSOR
CHIEF POSTAL INSPECTOR CORTEL
YOU, of tho Philadelphia district, who Is
a brother of Gcorgo B. Cortclyou, once a
newspaperman but now descended to a mero
financier, Is a busy man. Cranks, black
mailers and black banders aro his special
forte. Ho has saved hundreds of people
from the clutches of defrauders, and, Inci
dentally, has helped solvo a few mysteries
of which tho newspapers know nothing evon
to this day.
Not so long ngo members of the Cabinet,
Senators, Congressmen, Governors, Mayors
and others In public offlco wero deluged with
letters, evidently emanating from nn unbal
anced brain. Tho writer must havo spent
all his waking moments Inditing tho mis
sives, for there wero busy days when Indi
vidual ofllco holders received ns many as six
and seven each. Cortclyou was put on tho
caso and the hunt began. Suspicion soon
narrowed down to Gcorgo Washington Katz
.cnmullcr, a Pennsylvanlnn. Cortclyou nnd
an nldo called on tho man. Ills room was
weirdly decorated with newspaper clippings,
playing cards, picture postals and odds and
ends.
Kntzenmuller ndmltted his Identity, but
Insisted on being called "Gcorgo Washington
Kntzenmuller" every time addressed. Ho
confessed sending the letters, but argued that
ns they contained no threats and wero sim
ply advisory tho postal authorities had no
right to Interfere. Knowing him to bo In
the right, Cortclyou tried moral suasion.
"I know that you hnvo the right to advlso
tho settling of differences between cnpltal
and labor by making both rat Indigestible
pie, as you wrote, thus killing oft both sides,"
said Cortclyou, "but don't you see men In of
fice seldom got letters from strangers, their
mall being Intercepted by secretaries. So
why not send tho letters to mo and I will
forward them."
For a year, until Katzonmullor was sent
to an asylum, Cortclyou was swamped dally
by his letters.
WHEN Alfred G. V.indcrbllt was a stu
dent at Yale ho had In Vanderbllt dor
mitory a sulto of rooms tho furnishings of
which cost $13,000. A few doors away roomed
a student who was working his way through
the university and who was as poor as tho
proverbial church mouse. Tho latter was
no respecter of moro wealth, and had a
habit of borrowing nnythlng ho needed, from
a razor to a dress suit.
"Hey, Vanderbllt," he shouted one evening
whtlo dressing, "lend mo tho scissors with
which you trim your cuffs, will you, old
man?"
TO STIMULATE recruiting for the British
Army in France, certain gills In Brigh
ton, the well-known English watering plncc,
resorted to a clever device. Early one fore
noon they went to tho boardwalk and pre
sented a white feather to every man to place
In his hat. Naturally, tho men gladly ac
cepted the attention of tho pretty misses.
But at noon a change came o'er the spirit
of their dreams, for a town crier promenaded
up and down tho boardwalk, crying in Sten
torian tones:
"Tho Order of the White Feather has bcert
established this day and 13 worn by all those
who are afraid to come to the aid of their
country. Oycz! Oyez!"
White feathers were NOT In evidence that
afternoon, and tho recruiting ofllccs did a
land-ofllco business.
THE "On to Berlin" and "On to Paris"
cries of the European combatants recall a
story about a certain gentleman known to
history as Napoleon. First, however, be it
said that Charles XII of Sweden was tho
original "Un to Moscow" man, nnd that he
en me to giief on the road at Poltava, whero
IVter the Great overwhelmed the Swedish
array.
Napoleon had begun his Russian campaign
nnd had crossed the River Nlemen. Cuar
Alexander sought peace, and sent General
Balmashoff as an envoy to ask tho Corslcnn
to bo home like a good little man and fctop
annoying the mujiks. No sooner had Na
poleon heard tho proposal for peace than
he led Balmashoff out of the tent in which
they had been conferring nnd snld;
"My dear general, do you think that I
brought my armv merely to look upon the
River Nlemen? Won't you please tell me tho
best road to Moscow?"
"There are many roads to Moscow," re
plied Balmashoff. "For Instance, thero is
tho one vln Poltava. Charles of Sweden
tried that ono."
A reference to history will tell you about
Napoleon's "On to Moscow" trip.
NOW that It is rumored that the United
States nnd Spain may act as arbiters in
tho European struggle, intention Is called
aguin to that most democratic of monarchs,
Alfonso. Kingly dignity sits lightly upon his
still youthful brow. An example of this has
Just come from Cnstile, where Alfonso spent
n week mora or less incognito. He put up
in nn old Inn, where modern improvements
were unknown, one morning he went Into
tho courtyard to muko his ablutions, like
any other cltisen. and to shave. A maid fur
nished a piece of broken mirror. Then she
began to quiz the stranger.
"Vou don't look like an ordinary traveler,"
she said. "Aro you connected with the court
at Madrid?"
"I am," said tho King.
"Perhaps you know his Majesty himself."
"I do."
"What do you do for him?"
"Oh, tots of things. Just now I am shav
ing him."
XlOAnt'ORD.
ins ii i- -mm hi i wo ' "
Dhorce In Kansas
yrwn the Ksnws City Tlmn.
Que dlvorco proctor representing society nnd
a raft ot divorce lawyers making fees out of
thut particular branch of tho administration
ut Justice!
I ii an wonder that our divorce business l
in a very bad btate of health and hvglene?
Two or three or half a dozen proctors attached
tu the divorce courts could handle all tho busi
ness at far less cost to the "Ulc-nts" and to
boclety. Tho business would Iio much reduced
In volume no one would ho Interested in pro
moting it; nu Lolluoivo suits would dare be
fllsd
CURIOSITY SHOP
Written on a hackman's slato in Kennebec,
Me, was the following: "Joe, send hacks
and wugous in time to carry tho following
to tho Bar Harbor truin: One wife, two
nurses, three servants, four children, flvo
trunks, lour valls.es, three grips, two bun
dles, one Me "
About 1615 a htrange sect made its appear
ance in England, inuintuining that the mil
lennium Kttb ut band and that the Saviour
w-iuld descend from Heaven and erect tit
riftb universal kingdom Its follower wot
so fur as to elect Jusus Klntf of London
Cromwell dispersed them in 1653, but in 1661
occurred another uprising, which was sup
pressed with loss of life They conspired to
murder the Ptector and usurp the Gov-!
omment. They wero known as the Fifth
Monarchists.
Tho phrase "gossamer days" waa orig
inated In the legend that ono Saturday even
ing a maiden was spinning fine thread In
tho moonlight. The moonlight drew her
tip Into tho sky and now she may bo scon
Bplnnlng In thf moon. When "gossamer
days" set In, In tho early autumn, tho white
threads sho spina may bo seen floating
about In tho nlr. ,
Jack Ketch, tho English hangman, wna
first mentioned In 1678. It was ho who bo
headed Lord William Russell and later the
Duke or Monmouth. His successors havo
been popularly known by IiIb natno.
Tho quotation "Ho that runs may read" la
not from Habakkuk, who says, "That ho
may run who readeth it," but from William
Covvper, who wroto:
"But truth on which depends our main con
cern, That 'tis our shnmo and misery to lenrn,
Shines sido by sldo of every path we tread
With such a lustre, ho that runs may read."
DONE IN PHILADELPHIA
IN A SPIRIT OF HUMOR
Recognition.
Instead of tho usual "notice to staff" tho
cllu editor has caused to be placarded in tho
news room a "notice to gentlemen of the
staff."
Yo district, street nnd rewrite men who
yearn for tho days of old,
When tho saucy scrlbo with his diatribe was
a bit of a common scold;
Ha' dono wl' score for tho newer gamo and
your fodder of pork and beans,
Hereafter ye nro gentlemen who batter tho
typo machines.
Hereafter yo aro Journalists what though
yo long in vain
For a flowing tlo and a hunk of pie and tho
prlco of a dainty cane;
What though yo dream of the olden way
nnd the oncnimo mighty pen,
Givo ear to tho City Editor ho calls ye
gentlemen.
The Friendly Isles Will Slay So.
King Gcorgo II of the Tonga or Friendly
Islands has Just heard about tho war In
Europe. It may be ended by tho tlmo ho
reads through tho flies of tho last two
months to learn what It's all about.
Natural Weapons.
Gimlet eyes.
Tho hook nose.
Tho biting tongue.
Tho hntchot face.
Tho cutting voice.
Keen ears.
Tho bullet head.
Iron nerve.
Tho sharp chin.
The marble heart.
Tho stony glure.
He Lived in Hoston.
Thero was a young fellow named Murray,
Who knew not the meaning of hurry;
And when he was chicled
Ho laughed and derided
His friends and declared
Really, if I were addicted to the reprehen
sible habit of using slang, I should find it
Incumbent upon me, at this particular Junc
ture of circumstances, to enunciate tho
lightly Ironic current expression, "I should
worry."
Unlimited Opportunity.
Tho publisher was In despair.
"What's wrong?" asked tho eminent
author.
"My best advance notice man has left me.
He's writing letters for breach of promise
plaintiffs."
old
Naturally,
man, you're
looking rather
"I say,
drawn.
"Yes, I've Just had a tooth pulled."
Not Yet Decimated
Przemysl still holds out, only three of her
consonants having been put out of commis
sion by the Russian guns.
Yes, Where?
Where, where is Whltcomb Riley now?
His rhymes we beldom see.
Remember how he used to write
Step-ladder
po-ct-ree?
Kansas City Star.
Architecturally Speaking
Shooting nt tho towers of ancient cathe
drals Is something to which not to a-splrc.
Ccn'orcd
"Does your wife hutho? The girls on the
beach make some pretty pictures."
"My wifo has no time to join In making
pinnies. Sho and snmu others havo formed
a board of censorship." X'ittsburgh Post.
Vegetable Gardens
"You should by all means have nn Italian
garden."
"Al right." said Mr. Nurich, "And we'll
plant some spaghetti." Kansas City Journal.
Not a Hit Heroic
"Why don't you sou that your daughters
learn to cook?"
"Why should I? They wouldn't cook for
me. Let their husbands supply tho material
for them to practice on." Loulsvillo Courier
Journal. Synonymous
Tommy FIggJam Paw, doesn't "roverso"
mean io back?
Paw FiggJ.im Surely.
Tommy Figgjum Thon what did Undo
Bill menn when he said that be busted up
In business because hu had too many re
verses nnd not enough backing? Chicago
Post,
More or Lets
This war, Indeed.
Is mixed up so
Tho morn you read
Tho less you know.
Kansas City Journal.
And we didn't know much in tho first place.
Great Guns!
Brander Matthews says tho war will stim
ulate literature. Possibly somebody will
vvrito a book on tho "si. best shellors." De
troit Frco Press.
Disillusioned
In Penvcr thoy toll of n young Britisher
who will some day inheilt a title, and who
not long ago marrifd u daughter of a sup
posedly wealthy man of that town. A month
or ea after the miiiriugo tho futhcr-lu-luw
took tho husband aside.
"I urn ruined!" lie exclaimed. "Practically
every cent is gone!"
Tho Ilrlton was n good loser, however, for
ho gave vent to a long, low whistle, and ex
claimed with a little laugh!
"Hy George! Then I did marry for love,
after all" Harper's Mngazlno
IN MMMOIUAiM
N'oire Dame Uo Klitlm , SeHerober. 1011,
Men raised thee with loving hands;
Thy stones, moro precious than gems,
They wrought for a Light t" the Lands;
Now tho Light of all I.111O3 condemns
Hun and Vandal ami Cloth
Who serve, the Lords of tho Night,
Who have turned the coat of their troth
And darkened our Lady of Light.
Men made thee beautiful, yea
Thtir hearts flowed out as they wrought J
Thou wagt budded not for a day,
For an age thou wast builded not:
And tbey tarved thy portals and towers
Pur peer und brugher and clown.
That the Hook of Our Lady's Hours
Might endure tho' the sun burned down,
Uy the srace of thy ruined Roie
By the millitd tren-tb of thy Towers,
Thou shalt triumph Judy' Th fus
Shall lower as th bunted cowers.
Thou !ast not fallen 111 vain
Fallen? Thwu canst not fall.
They shall crave thy pity In pain.
Who flung thee hate for a pall.
1 WiUon tiJ, la New York Trltnuw,
MORE serious attention to markets has
been given lately than at any tlmo slnco
1859, wlicn tho city had tlmo for little olso.
But tho occasion which drew attcptlon to tho
erection of market houses all over tho city
B0 and moro years ago had nothing to do
with reducing tho cost of living.
Wo aro now besot with that problem in
addition to tho ono of convenience, which
was nit that seemed to call for consideration
in 1850. Tho establishment of a farmers' mar
kot at 6DII1 and Market streets, where farm
ors from tho surrounding country, and as
far away as Lehigh and Northampton Coun
ties, may bring their products to Philadel
phia, promises to be a very Interesting ex
periment. v
PROM tho point of convenience it has some
thing to recommend it today, whllo in
1859 It would havo beon impossible nnd
ludicrous. Beforo tho elevated railroad on
Market street was erected C9th and Market
streets wna not so near as West Chester, so
far as tlmo wna concerned. Now It Is a
small matter of 20 minutes or llttlo moro.
Ono of tho first conveniences, wo might
call it necessities, that was considered for his
cnpltal by tho founder of Philadelphia was
tho establishment of a market In High, now
Market, street, at Front. Tho old Journals
of tho Common Council are filled with refer
ences to tho regulations for this markot. In
deed, scarcely ono meeting of that body from
1704 until tho Revolution passed without moro
or less referenco to the markets.
In those days the city fathers did not havo
authority to create loans nnd noil bonds for
municipal improvements. When thoy desired
to extend tho market sheds another square,
they had to borrow from somo Phlladolphlan
who had civic pride enough to ndvnnco tho
necessary money. Thero was somo income
from rent of stalls, from wharfngo and a fow
other perquisites, all of them rather trivial
and small from the modern viewpoint.
BY 1816 tho market sheds oxtenaeti wcsi
"ward on Market street to Eighth street,
whero thoy stopped. Thero were also tho
sheds on Second street, north and south, and
theso still remain. Later in tho last century
similar sheds wero erected In tho middle of
Spring Garden street, by tho District of
Spring Garden; in Glrnrd avenue, by tho
Pcnn Township, and In Balnbrldge, then
Shlppen, street, nnd In Moyamonslng avenuo
by tho District of Sotithwark. Tho District
of Moyamenslng erected sheds In Eleventh
street, south from Balnbrldge street.,
Those wero tho places where Philadelphia
went to market beforo tho Civil War. All
of the sheds, except those on Markot street,
survived until about 25 years ago, and visi
tors to tho city, especially thoso early
European travelers who camo hero to look
us over like some rare and astonishing trlbo
that had dono well under civilization, wroto
enthusiastically about Philadelphia and her
markets.
1
WHEN Philadelphia started to regain Its
commerce and wns doing a larger manu
facturing business than nny other city In tho
country. In the early 50s, the business men
on Market street began to demand tho
removal of the market sheds. They might
bo convenient, but they did not bollovo it.
They declared business demanded thnt tho
main business thoroughfare should present
a better appearance, now that tho city had
become a metropolis by tho consolidation of
nil political parts' of the county.
Accompanying this ngitatlou for tho re
moval ot tho sheds was n movement for tho
erection ot market houses In the central part
of tho city. A good many business men,
probably to assist In tho removal of the
sheds more than from nny Idea that tho
Investment would prove profitable, took
shares In numerous market companies that
wero started. For a few years there was
a veritable craze for erecting market houses.
Other sections of tho city becamo Inoculated
with tho spirit, and market houses aroso In
virtually all of tho populous centres. Somo
of tho speculations proved falluren, or nt
least enjoyed little success, but some of them
aro still in being.
F
INALLY, in 1S59, Councils agreed to tho
icmovnl of tho sheds from Markot street,
nnd then the maiket houses began to assume
Importance. Tho Eastern Market was erected
on tho site of the Bourse. Tho Franklin
Maiket erected tho building now used by tho
Morcantllo Library. Indeed, this building
was never occupied as a market, and the
statuo of Franklin, which was cut by Hallly
and adorned tho platform over the entrance,
was later erected on tho Pi'iu.ic LEoaun
Building. At Twelfth nnd Market streets
two market houses were built, tho Twelfth
Street Market and tho Farmers' Market.
These havo been superseded by tho Terminal
Market. Above Sixteenth street on Market
niiother maiket houso went up, and still an
other at Nineteenth street.
But they wero put up In so many quarters
that tho housewives soon appreciate! their
convenience, nnd the old, ungainly sheds
wero nuver missed. GRANVILLE.
Peed America First.
Prom I.lf'.
Almost nny little boy or girl can understand
wny we might have to pay moie for some
things which aro Imported Into this coiiutiy
fioni war districts. Thnt Is a inntter over which
ww have no eoutml. Wo have to pay what Is
niked or go without.
Hut can any llttlo boy or girl tell why we
should pay moro for tilings which are exported?
Alas and alack! the old-fuslilnncd excuse that
lliuy who own tho stuff aie anxious to bo richer
nn longer anilines. Wo mo tiying to get aivaj"
from the ii! a thnt we aie a nation ot cannibals
feeding on eaili other. And them Is siuh a
Kiinplu way to lis It. possibly a number of
simple vvais. Nntlounl guvermneutrf aro granted
the control over their exports and Impoits. I Inn
easy It would be to pa.-s u law sajlng that no
goods should lie exMirted an long as the price
lieio at hume Is hialier than licfolo tho Will'
rumors began How would that be?
Wo havo always latbei llkel ulo slogan, "Scq
Amerba First." Isn't "Feed Anieiic.v Piist"
quite tt euphonious and much more important?
TUB IDBAMST
Ono day a merchant erected a newly tired
automobile wheel right inside tho ontranco
to Ids store. Jlu was enterprising; more
over, ho firmly believed in the conservation
of energy.
jiut, mure important than all, ho knew
human nature. Ono out of every 20 persons
in tho throne that passed through tho door
guve tho wheel a fresh spin. Tho merchant
figured on the wheel being kept in a state
of motion all day.
Down In the basement of the store a
washing machine demonstration vvns In
progress. Its purpose was to show tho
mechanism of the machine. In action. It
moved and moved all day. For every turn
of tho automobile wheel upstairs supplied
power for tho machine downstairs!
Home men nmko tremendous fortunes
simply because the bank on human natuio
steering along certain fixed and prescribed
lines. They foresee the movement, tiny
know whut people In the mass have dono
before; Jlnd they know Jau the change In
tho tumlfcmcntals of tho rnob spirit from dii
to dav Is nnlte, Imtinrrentlhln " uaI
Wo can take a lesson from theso leader
eyon If wo do not nsplre to wealth. S
of Us harbor an indescrlbablo aversion i J.
meeting new peoplo, mixing with folks whrl
tiro likely to bo qullo strnrtgo and foreler!
,n fl'F'r ,'.(leas. mul nestles. SomctlmM
wo think thoy know so much loss than ourj
so ves that thoy nro qulto npt. to prove mi?
Interestingly dull. ni
Tho mlnuto you begin to mix with thn
mob, high, medium nnd low, thon you berriY,
to know human nature. Continue to kf.n
your ncqunlntanccshlps within a llmitnJi
circle on tho strength of their social standi
Ing, education or possessions and you win
never know it. w"
Doubtless, tho merchant with tho automoj
bile, wheel had mixed with tho mob liiml
self, for cortnlnly ho know Its habits. Ami
knowing Us hahlfa Is knowing human nature
VIEWS OF READERS
ON TIMELY TOPICS '
- - - y;
Contrihutions That Reflect Piihlic Opin.
ion on Subjects Important to City,
Slate and JNntion.
To the Krflfor 0 the livening Ledger!
Sir The story of tho death of tho former .
Duma rcprcsontatlvo, Dszhcparldze, which an. '
pcarcd In your paper today, prompts mo to say ,
a few words about .tho Cznr's manifesto to hu 1
'dear Jews." I wns In Klshlneff on that fateful
day of April, 1903, which has gono down Into '
A .. . . jvioihiiuil massacre.
On that day, tho holy day of Easter, somo 50
Jews wero killed, sovcral hundred wounded and
their homes destroyed by tho gangs of hood
lums, who, with orders from "above" nnd with
tho active aid nnd oncourngemont of tho pollca
and Boldlery, exacted a horrlblo revenge upon
tho peoplo" whoso ancestors, thoy contended,
wero responsible, for tho crucifixion of tho Car-
pentcr of Nazareth. It Is not necessary for mo
to narrnte tho story of that massacro and tha
scries of others that followed. Thoy aro too
well known and still llvo In tho horrified Imag
Inatlon of tho civilized world. Tho Bcllls.i trlab
too, la still nllvo In tho mind of tho newspapca
rending public.
I only want to cmphaslzo tho fact that tha
Czar's promise is but a delusion and a snare,
Ho can no moro grant a. respite from tho Indigo
nltlcs and persecution suffered by his Jewish
subjects than tho protest of nn Individual can '
stop tho slaughter on tho Continent of Burope,
Tho Czar never has acted nnd never can act
upon his own Initiative. Ho Is surrounded nnd
ruled entirely by a cllquo of bureaucrats, who
nro tho real rulers of Russia. There Is but ono
nopo lor mo jews or nussla nnd tho peoplo ot
Russia In general, nnd this Is that history will
repeat Itself; that tho present war, Ilka thq
Itusso-Jap.ineso War, will bo followed by an '
other revolution In Russia, which will wlpo off
forever from tho faco of tho earth tho most
hated and most criminal dynasty of tho
Romanoffs, nnd that tho victory of democracy 1
In Europe will havo Its effect upon Russia In
filing that great emplro with tho true spirit of
culturo and modernism. Thon nnd then alono ,
will tho Jews nnd tho peoplo of Russia breatlio
a sign 01 rcnci irom 1110 inraitiom or ten con
turles. JOSEPH SIIAPLEN.
Philadelphia, September 24, 1914.
WHERE DOES THE FUNGUS GROW?
To the Editor ol the livening Ledger:
Sir May I congratulato you upon the ongrosn I
Ing news conveyed through tho columns of
your paper, both In tho news and editorial
columns? Very Interesting was a recent cdl
torlnl telling of tho discovery of an Intoxicating
iniiHluooni nnd Its description by Doctor Vei rail,
ot Yale. An Intoxicating mushroom must surely
provo a popular delicacy, especially If, as tho
discoverers assert, It has no bad nfter-clTccts.
I havo been interested purely from n scien
tific standpoint, I nssuro you In tho uso of
alcoholic stimulants from ancient to our times,
"Tho Banquet" of Plato is chiefly fascinating
In that it gives a vivid pictuio of tho bibulous '
habits of philosophers. Socrates Is described 1
ns passing his cup until morning. Jack London
and Will Levlngtou Comfort nro tho most recent
confessors along this line, it indeed seems all
tho struggles against tho redoubtnblo John liava
boon in vain. Ah you say, poihaps tho reign of '
Bacchus may be over. But can you tell ma
whero tho delectable Inebriating fungus can ho
secured? It. D.
Philadelphia, September 23, 1914.
UNIVERSITY OPPORTUNITIES IN U. S.
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
-sir In an essay on university nntl lesearch
work, written by Hamilton Wright Mnblo befor
tho slogan of "Educated In America" was
created by war conditions, tho author has thlJ
pnrnginph:
"Opportunities for advanced work in tho
American universities ate now so ample that
study In foreign Institutions, whllo not without
Its advantages, is no longer a necessity, anil tho
number of Americans In German universities
has gteatly fallen off."
Tho whole essay is a substantiation, by means
of concrete, tacts, of tills assertion.
F. R. 0.
Ticnton, N. J., September 23. 1914.
WHAT HAS PENROSE DONE?
To the Editor o the lhenlua Ledger:
Slr-I am glad ou aie devoting the editorial
columns of tho Evening Ledger to a campaign
against tho election of Penrose.
You know tho saying. "It Is tho man behind
Mie mm that counts," applied to war It Is a,
much moie pertinent saying when applied to
peace nnd tho development of a real prosperity.
The prosperity of n country cannot be meas
uieil by K. rfreat material and financial de
velopmcnt. It can only be measured renlly and
permanently by tho chin actor, development and
opportunity of tho great mass of Its peopls,
A. H. TOMLINSON.
Swnrthmore, Pa.. September IS, 1911.
A NON-PARTISAN VIEWPOINT
To the Editor o the Evtnlnti Ledger:
Hr Knowing the powoiful Influence tn
LKPnnu wields In Pennsylvania, I write to you
In all sincerity and ask whether you do not
think that this Influence Bhould be illreetea
ngalust the le-eleetlou of Senator Penrose
do nut write from a partisan standpoint, hav
ing only in view the welfare of my Stat
Won't you givo this your consideration
SAMPBL KUNKLU
Hartisburg, Pa., September 151914.
Killing Off the Race
V'rnm tha clirU'lJn Herald, .. tim.
Fiuin tho Christian era till the present tlm.
as statists and historians tell us, there hav
i. lns tlinn "10 wailess jears. I'll to tiw
nilihllo of tho 19th century It was roughly com
puled that nearly 7,OoO.O.000 men had ''"''"
battle fclnto tha beginning of lecorded history,
a number equal to almost live times the presLiu
estimated population of tho glohe.
NATIONAL POINT OF VIEW
In spite nf the high prices reported elsevvh,
pork is nt a discount In Washington JU't n"
New York AVorld.
It is unlikely that any news deiiv. 1 f'"'"J
Germ-in sources would chanse the c,"r' "' ,'
opinion in thu Fulled Statis as to '-I""11'
blllty for tho present warNew irk iin--
Speaking of governmental ci.noiin, ''
would bo a good time also to shut ..I the . !
of tho fiaiiklim privileges and to ledn.-.
penso of tho Consrosslonal Recoid by j-ut
out tho iiiwiioisen spetclies.-Pittsbu.sb l"3
The Piesldont has the emphatic 8iipirt or
the coun'ry In his vIkoious pmbitt '""''"
"fake" peace stories which have been sent "
n'om (be National Capital. They cuuld ba
noihin less than seriously inlschievou.
cause of peace and, innieovei. imwt !''
Pulled State-i in a false and ilillculous po.-ltu-
Brooklyn Standard l"l
There Is need for tho prompt opening of tM
Fedeial Reserve Hank system ''here is
for a system of finance In the United .
that will stabilize ami localize lie I'lai.Uai -y
fairs of tho l.'nlon-one that will be national n
Its chuiuetcr and tree irom lllbh ' ',',,
the slUhte-t degree by tho bankeis. " n
and piomoteiB of Europe, or of our own co"
fry. Cincinnati Lnqulrir.
The Piesldont U to be recommend. d rr ,
iefual to ih.inge bis Mexican pulU y is a i .
of the i.purte.1 .man el between Cir-noia . m
Villa M far as th Pivted HUtes la '"' ' u$
these men reprisal tbfl same Kb a 'J ." )3
principle of bojf-rnle If tu liiu-i '-"', H
order t" settle the peronil Issue, the l '
to be regretted, but the prlndulB letralM
same new ors "