EVENING LEDGEBfrHILAftflLPHIA, FBJIDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, AO'ldE.
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Evening tgfflAi ledger
PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY
ctrus Hi k. curtis, fmid?t.
Geo. W. Ochs, Secretary! John C Martin, Trurers
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EDITORIAL BOARD !
CtMJS II, K. CcrtTts, Chairman.
P. IT. WltALEY..,., ......... Executive Editor
JOHN C. MAnTlN general Rustness Manager
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PIlILAELrillA, FntDAY, SKPIE.MI1EH 23, 1911
The Mayor Docs His Duty
THE Mayor hns signed tho loan Mil In
splto of the $400,000 which It entries for
tho first of a series of Municipal Court
palaces. Thero was nothing else for him
to do. Other Items In the bill were of such
overwhelming Importance nnd the necessity
for hnsto was so great that wise considera
tion of the peoplo's Interest required Mr.
Blankenburg to acquiesce In one Indefensible
Item rather than Imperil tho success of the
bill as a whole.
But tho Municipal Court grab Is not yet
accomplished. Tho gentlemen who are paid
with sinecures for their votes In Council are
on the way to daylight. The public Is watch
ing them. It Is suspicious of anything thoy
support. It Is watchfully waiting. It has
Its eyes fixed on men who call themselves
representatives of tho people, but take their
hire from the Organization.
There will be no business administration
of this municipality until dual office-holding
is In fact abolished. It Is even now consid
ered by observing citizens as presumptive
evidence of guilt in betrayal of the city's
interests.
goal. The march of social evolution has pro
ceeded along well-defined laws of progress, it
Is wrong to say that wo are groping In the
dark. Wo nrc moving ever onward with ad
Increasing impetus nnd momentum. Every
now and then n gigantic cataclysm like tho
French Itevolutlon or the war In Europe
shakes tho elements underneath the sub
strata of society. These arc but Incidents In
the great drama of progress. Wc need not
fret. Let us note them and pass them by.
For out of the travail nnd struggle of the
ages Is sure to como a civilization whore war
and bloodshed, poverty and shame, crime
and degradation shall bo no more; whoro
every man nnd every raco shall live nnd
work In nil the power of their manhood;
where line nbllltlrs shall go hand In hand
with still finer sensibilities; where every
child shall have full opportunity in develop
the best that is In It, and where they that
are greatest among us shall be our servants
"When the Singe Is n School
fTUt State of Arkansas has done well In
jl passing its comprenensive cnnu lauor inw.
It has erred only In classing the child actor
with children In "hazardous employments,"
and debarring him from work when under
sixteen. The stage at its worst may bo
hazardous Indeed, but under proper condi
tions It Is a valuable school for tho child
of exceptional dramatic talents.
What Is needed is not prohibition but reg
ulation. Massachusetts and Illinois have had
an experience with prohibitive law. Tho
vrdlct of the casual observer, as well as the
expert. Is that It fails to work where it Is
most needed. Realizing the lack of public
opinion behind the law, tho manager of tho
undesirable theatre brazenly evades It, whllo
his reputnble brother fears to allow children
In houses where they would bo nctlng under
tho best of conditions In tho best of plays.
Colorado nnd Louisiana have done better.
They have placed the licensing of chlb'
actors In the hands of the Juvenile courts,
requiring the manager to sign a bond to
comply with certnln desirable conditions ns
to education, salary and guardianship. Tho
child and the public have both benefited.
Arkansas, In this respect, is not helping the
child. It Is only hindering dramatic art.
PASSED BY THE CENSOR
Apply the Dynamics of Reality
WHATEVER tho United States Commis
sion on Industrial Relations Intends
to recommend to tho Government as a
remedy for social unrest. It would be a
distinct service to society If It would
address at least ono of Its recommenda
tions to the country at large. It Is a rec
ommendation which cannot be put Into law
books or legislative records. There Is but
one place where Its realization can abide,
in the mind and the heart of every man who
feels that he Is a component part of a greav
social whole, and that If society can eve.
arrive at what some early philosophers
termed "the best possible system of social
legislation" It will have to seek Inspiration In
what some people coll a social religion that
is, Christianity applied to the problems of
the day and made virile with the dynamics
of Teallty.
The Dumdum Dementia
O.VE of the outstanding evils of the Euro
pean conflict Is the irrational, vicious at
titude that th great States of France, Eng- j
land and Germany have assumed In their I
wordy wars over so-called atrocities. They
have turned what should be carefully rea
soned, temperate pleas for humanity into
mere partisanship. Accusations of cruelty
the official use of the dumdum bullet have
been made by both sides with no other ap
parent motive than the discrediting of the
enemy. Serious, conscientious consideration
would have shown the utter futility of it all.
No reputable evidence has yet been shown
of the use of the dumdum bullet by any
nation now at war. There have been wounds,
grievous wounds, unusual wounds. But lag
gard investigation, on top of fierce accusa
tions, has shown that not only will the new
"spitz" bullet, of conical shape, make such
wounds, but that the thin, steel-jacketed
missile, hitherto thought almost painless,
will produce a terrible abrasion at short
range. That, and nothing else, accounts for
the dumdum dementia. Meanwhile truth is
forgotten and nations- further embittered.
Conservation of Living Resources
SAFETY first, last and all the time is the
slogan that civilization In America has
adopted after a series of accidents and trage
dies which attracted public attention to the
value of prevention. Medical practice for
many years has concerned Itself less with
the cure than with avoiding the necessity
of a cure. In government the voters are be
ginning to realize that radical experimenta
tion must stand the test of safety before It
Is Indorsed. The complexity of our Indus
trial life, tho multitudinous endeavors of
humanity In this modern nge, the daily In
troduction of new machinery, of new modes
of conveyance, etc., render It imperative
that extraordinary care be exercised in the
conservation of the greatest of our resources,
namely, the population. In "safety first"
there Is social uplift and social progress. As
a mere matter of economics the campaign
Justifies Itself.
"Marl Anthony."
ANTHONY COMSTOCK has made another
A blunder. SntfTing round Broadway. In
stead of keeping to his excellent and useful
work as a curb on deliberate, printed "smut"
of various kinds, he has come a cropper over
"The Beautiful Adventure" and Mr. Charles
Frohman. As to the play. It is enough to
know that District Attorney Whitman has
turned down Comstock's charges with the
remark, among others, that "the lines re
ferred to portray a phase of romantic lovo
of a nature so delicate and Intimate as to
preclude either expression or portrayal of
vulgarity. The play Is neither Indecent.
Immoral nor Improper." All of which Broad
way audiences had learned for themselves
long ago. j
It Is significant and surely a most wel
come promise for the abatement of the Corn
stock evil, that Mr. Frohman wrathy at an
accusation never before leveled at him or
his plays has sued St Anthony for slander.
The effect should be salutary and lasting
CHtEF rOSTAti INSPECTOR CORTEL
YOU, of the Philadelphia district, who 1
a brother of George B. Cottelyou, onco a
nowspaperman but now descended to a mere
financier, Is a busy man. Cranks, black
mnllers nnd black banders are his special
forte. He hns saved hundreds of people
from the clutches of defrnuders, and, inci
dentally, has helped solve a few mysteries
of which the newspapers know nothing even
to this dny.
Not so long ago members ot the Cabinet,
Senators, Congressmen, Governors, Mayors
nnd others In public office were deluged with
letters, evidently emanating from nn unbal
anced brain. The writer must have spent
nil his waking moments Inditing the mis
sives, for there were busy days when Indi
vidual office holders received ns many as six
and seven each. Cortclyou was put on the
case nnd tho hunt began. Suspicion soon
narrowed down to George Washington Katz
rnmuller, a PennBylvanlnn. Cortclyou nnd
nn nldc called on the man. His room was
weirdly decorated with newspaper clippings,
playing cards, picture postals nnd odds nnd
ends.
Katzcnmuller ndmltted his Identity, but
Insisted on being called "George Wnshlngton
Katzenmuller" every time, addressed. Ho
confessed sending tho letters, but argued that
ns they contained no thicnts nnd were sim
ply advisory tho postal authorities had no
right to Interfere. Knowing him to be In
the right. Cortclyou tried moral suasion.
"I know that you have the right to advise
tho settling of differences between capital
nnd labor by making both eat Indigestible
pic, ns you wrote, thus killing off both sides,"
said Cortelyou, "but don't you see men In of
fice seldom get letters from strangers, their
mall being Intercepted by secretaries. So
why not send the letters to mc and I will
forwnrd them."
For n yenr, until Kntzenmuller was sent
to nn asylum, Cortelyou was swamped dally
by his letters.
ernment. They were known as the Fifth
Monarchists.
Tho phrase "gossamer days" was orig
inated in the legend that ono Saturdny even
ing a maiden was spinning fine thread In
the moonlight. The moonlight drew her
up Into the" sky and now she" may be seen
spinning In the moon. Whfln "gossamer
daya" set In, in tho early autumn, tho white
threads she spins may be seen floating
nbout In the air.
Jack Ketch, the English hangman, was
first mentioned In 1678. It was ho who be
headed Lord William Russell and later the
Duke of Monmouth. His successors have
been popularly known by his nnme.
The quotation "Ho that runs may read" Ib
not from Habakkuk, who says, "That he
may run who readcth It," but from William
Cowper, who wrote:
"But truth on which depends our main concern.
That 'tis our shamo and mlsory to learn,
Shines side by side of every path we tread
With such a lustre, ho that runs may read."
DONE IN PHILADELPHIA
IN A SPIRIT OF HUMOR
WHEN Alfred G. Vanderbllt was a stu
dent at Yale he had In Vanderbllt dor
mitory a suite of rooms the furnishings of
which cost $15,000. A few doors away roomed
a student who was working his way through
the university and who was as poor as tho
proverbial church mouse. The latter was
no respecter of mere wealth, and had a
habit of borrowing anything ho needed, from
a razor to a dress suit.
"Hey, Vanderbllt," ho shouted one evening
while dressing, "lend me the scissors with
which you trim your cuffs, will you, old
man?"
TO STIMULATE recruiting for the British
Army In Franco, certain girls In Brigh
ton, the well-known English watering place,
resorted to a clever device. Early one fore
noon they went to the boardwalk and pre
sented a white feather to every man to place
In his hat. Naturally, the men gladly ac
cepted the attention of the pretty misses.
But at noon a change came o'er the spirit
of their dreams, for a town crier promenaded
up and down the boardwalk, crying in sten
torian tones:
"The Order of the White Feather has been
established this day and Is worn by all those
who are afraid to come to the aid of their
country. Oyez! Oyez!"
White feathers were NOT in evidence that
afternoon, and the recruiting offices did a
land-office business.
Two-For-a-Quarter Lives.
UNDER an administration of the Southern
Democracy the country is ready to go
farther than "buying a bale" to preserve the
cotton planter from financial decrepitude.
Secretary Daniels has come out for cotton
clothing. Perhaps he has his eye on a winter
vacation in Florida. Maybe he is only an
ticipating an extension of recent "fall
weather." However that may be, he has cast
in his lot with the Cotton Clothing Club and
rushed to the support moral, of course of
Miss Genevieve Clark's anti-silk stockings.
The first thing we know the carpet bag will
come back Into fashion and we shall all ba
leading comfortable, humble, two-for-a-quar.
ter lives.
Poland Should Be Free
OF ALL the claims made by tho subject
peoples of Europe In the present conflict,
that of the land of Chnpin. SienkiewU-z and
Fschibishevsky deserves particular attention.
Poland, torn apart by the stress and tur.
moil of Europe, occup s the most tragic
position in the struggle. Her eons are scat
tered under the banners ef three armies.
Russia's treatment of the Poles is com
parable in cruelty and despotism only to that
of Germany, Austria alone deserves credit
and admiration for her merciful attitude. A
people cultured, talented and occupying a
place of honor in the field of art, science ami
literature, the Poles have borne both the yoko
of Russifleauon and the despotism of Ger
manlzation. The char's promise of autonomy
to the Poles, like his promise to the Jews, is
but a delusion and a snare, yet tho people
of Poland. 20,000.000 souls in all. should bo
reunited. The republic of Poland should
grace the map of Europe. Poland should be.
free.
The Sure Struggle Upward
THE history of all society Is the history of
strife and struggle. Out of the conflicts
of the ages has risen the modern structure
of civilization Ail-along the path of history,
through gavagery. barbarism, feudalism and
our modern industrial state humanity has
made its way toward the realization uf an
Ideal, which In its sum total can be charac
terized as social happiness The attdinment
of this IdeaJ may be far off as et. but as
iure as the earth revolves around the sun
does humanity march forward toward Us
r
New Duties and Old Troubles.
DOCTOR CHALMERS' sermon topic. "The
Expulsive Power of a New Affection,"
finds illustration in more than one instance.
Where Is the trouble in Ireland? It has been
expelled by a new passion for tho British
Empire. A new duty compels us to forget
an old grievance. The greater determines the
lesser Miss Christobel Pankhurst attracted
I attention a few days since as a "fury " Today
j she Is training raw recruits for the firing line.
i The suffragettes have lost their political
I madness for the time, and are rallying
around the colors of tho empire, which, after
all, they love. Such Is "tho expulsive power
of a new affection." such the influence of a j
new duty breaking through prejudice, anl- i
mosity and bitterness, as the sun breaks !
through the clouds. The big perils and possl-
bllittea unite, the little Issues divide. One J
way to overcome an old trouble is to engage j
in a new task. Then does a man take up hts j
bed and walk- This truth is amply illus
trated in the experiences of tho everyday
life and especially in the European war. !
The Turk has talked himself into a return
voyage.
The Democratic party in the United States
is Woodrow Wilson.
"Watchful Waiting" Orond Spectacular
Revival of Last Season's Tremendous Sue.
cess.
Doctor Brumbaugh has been teaching
morality too long for any bosses to toaeh
hro to forget it.
The "atrocity" bowlers may learn Borne
day that human kindliness is about the same
under any helmet.
If the poet Villon had been a Virginian his
nlamt would have run, "Where is the mint
of yesteryear?"
Wherever there ts calamity there is Uu
strength of Mr- Penrose. He is at his best
In the community wb th roast men out
of work.
Italy can tread on Philadelphia's toes as
much as she wants to and fi will find them
to be the best toes that her soldiers ever
wore.
That New Jersey iron and steel manufac
turer ho went into bankruptcy "on account
of war" has probably not been dealing in the
styles of those metals popular itjst now
abroad.
The President still Insists that the Govern
ment should buj a merchant marine of its
own The war in Europe had nothing to do
with this scheme except to give Its sup-
I porters an excuse for bringing t, ward.
lV
THE "On to Berlin" and "On to Paris"
cries of the European combatants recall a
story about a certain gentleman known to
history as Napoleon. First, however, be it
said that Charles XII of Sweden was the
original "On to Moscow" man, and that he
came to grief on the road at Poltava, where
Peter tho Great overwhelmed the Swedish
army.
Napoleon had begun his Russian campaign .
and had crossed the River Niemen. Czar
Alexander sought peace, and sent General
Balmashoff as an envoy to ask the Corslcan
to go home like a good little man and stop
annoying the mujlks. No sooner had Na
poleon heard tho proposal for peace than
he led Balmafhoff out of the tent In which
they had been conferring and said:
"My dear general, do you think that I
brought my army merely to look upon thtt
River Niemen? Won't you please tell me the
best road to Moscow?"
"There are many roads to Moscow," re
plied Balmashoff. "For instance, there Is
the ono via Poltava. Charles of Sweden
tried that one."
A reference to history will tell you about
Napoleon's "On to .Moscow'" trip.
NOW that It Is rumored that the United
States and Spain may act ns arbiters In
the European struggle, attention Is called
again to that most democratic of monarchs,
Alfonso. Kingly dignity .sits lightly upon his
still youthful brow. Ans example of this has
Just come from Castile, where Alfonto spent
a week moie or less Incognito. He put up
in an old Inn. where modern Improvements
were unknown. One morning he went Into
tho courtyard to make hts ablutions, like
any other citizen, and to shave. A maid fur
nished n piece of broken mirror. Then she
began to quiz tho stranger.
"You don't look like an ordinary traveler,"
she said. "Are you connected with the court
at Madrid?"
"I am," said tho King,
"Perhaps you know bis .Majesty himself."
"J do."
"What do you do for him?"
oh, lots of things. Just now I am shav.
ins him."
BRADFORD.
Divorco jn Kansas
Pro ttw Kanfis flty Ttmts.
One tUvoive proctor leprejenting society and
p raft of dlvon-o lawyers making fees out at
that particular branch of the administration
ot Justice!
Ib it any wonder that our divorce business Is
in a ery bad state of health and logleno?
Two or three or half a dozen proctors attached
tu the divorto courts tould handle all the busi
ness ut far less coat to the "clients" and lo
society. The business would be much rsduccd
in volume no one would be Interested In po
rroting ii; no tollufcive suits would dare be
filed
CURIOSITY SHOP
Written op a hacltman's slate In Kennebec,
Me, was the following: "Joe, send hacks
and wagons In time to carry the following
to the Bar Harbor train: Ono wife, two
nurses, three servants, four children, five
trunks, four valises, three grips, two bun
dles, une Me."
About 1645 a strange sect made its appear
ance in England, maintaining that the mil
lennium was at hand and that the Saviour
would descend from Heaven and erett the
fifth universal kingdom Its followers went
so far as to elect Jesus King of London
Cromwell dispersed them In 1653, but In 1681
occurred another uprising, which was sup
pressed with loss of life. They conspired to
murder the Protector and usurp the Gov-
llccognilion.
Instead of the usual "notice to staff" the
city editor has caused to be placarded lit the
news room a "notice to gentlemen of the
staff."
Yc district, street nnd rewrlto men who
yearn for the days of old,
When the saucy scribe with his diatribe was
a bit of a common scold;
Ha done wl" score for the newer game and
your fodder of pork nnd beans,
Hereafter ye nre gentlemen who batter tho
type machines.
Hereafter ye are Journalists what though
ye long In vain
For a (lowing tfo and a hunk of pie and the
price of a dainty cane!
What though ye dream of the olden way
nnd tho one-time mighty pen,
Give car to tho City Editor he calls ye
gentlemen.
The Friendly Isles "Will Stay So.
King George II of the Tonga or Friendly
Islands has Just heard nbout the war In
Europe. It may be ended by tho time he
reads through tho files of the last two
months to learn what It's all about.
Natural Weapons.
Gimlet eyes.
Tho hook nose.
Tho biting tongue.
The natchet face.
The cutting voice.
Keen ears. .
The bullet head.
Iron nerve.
The sharp chin.
The marble heart.
The stony glare.
He Lived in Boston.
There was a young fellow named Murray,
Who knew not the meaning of hurry;
And when he was chlded
He laughed and derided
His friends and declared
Really, If I wero addicted to tho reprehen
sible habit of using slang, I should find it
incumbent upon me, at this particular Junc
ture of circumstances, to enunciate tho
lightly ironic current expression, "I should
worry."
Unlimited Opportunity.
The publisher was in despair.
"What's wrong?" asked the eminent
author.
"My best advance notice man has left me.
He's writing letters for breach of promise
plaintiffs."
Naturally.
"I say, old man, you're looking rather
drawn." ,
"Yes, I've Just had a tooth pulled."
Not Yet Decimated
Przemysl still holds out, only three of her
consonants having been put out of commis
sion by the Russian guns.
Yes, Where?
Wheie, where Is Whltcomb Riley now?
His rhymes we seldom see.
Remember how he used to write
Step-ladder
poet-re
e?
Kansas City Star.
Arrliitccturally Speaking
Shooting at the towers of ancient cathe
drals is something to which not to a-spire.
Censored
"Does your wife bathe? The girls on the
beach make some pretty pictures."
"My wife hns mi time to Join In making
pictures. She nnd s-ome others have formed
a board of censorship." Pittsburgh Post.
Vegetable Gardens
"You should by all means have an Italian
gaiden."
"A I right," said Mr. Nurlch. "And we'll
plant some spaghetti." Kansas City Journal.
Not a Bit Heroic
"Why don't you see that your daughters
learn to cook?"
"Why should I? They wouldn't cook for
me. Let their husbands supply the material
for them to practice on." Louisville Courier
Journal. Synonymous
Tommy Flggjam Paw, doesn't "reverse"
mean to back?
l'uw Flgglam Surely.
Tummy Flggjam Then what did Uncle
Bill mean when he Mild that he busted up
in business because he had too many re
verses and not enough backing? Chicago
Post.
More or F.ess
This war, indeed,
Is mixed up so
The more you read
The less vou know.
Knnsas City Journal.
And we didn't know much in the first place.
Great Gnus!
Rrandcr Matthews says tho war will stim
ulate literature, Pphsibly somebody will
writo a book on the "six best shellers." De
troit Free Press.
Disillusioned
In Denver thoy tell of a young Britisher
who will some day inherit a title, and who
not long ago married a daughter of a sup
posedly wealthy man of that town. A month
or so after tho marriage the father-in-law
took tho husband aside.
I am ruined!" he exulnlmed. "Practically
every cent is gone!"
The Ifriton wus a good loser, however, for
lie gave vent to a long, low whistle, and e,.
claimed with a little laugh!
Iy uroige: tiicii I did marry for love,
after all." Harper's Magazine.
IN MKMORIAM
Notre Paiir rte Ithclms, FeRtemtr, 1914,
Men laised thee with loving hands;
Thy stones, more preiioud than gems,
The wrought for a Light to tho Lands;
Now tho LiRht of nil Lands condemns
Hun and Vandal and Goth
Who serve th- t.urds of the Night,
Who have turned the coat of their troth
And darkened Our Lady of Light.
Jltjp mJ.de thee beautiful. ea
Their hearts flowed out as they wrought:
Thou wast bullded not for a day.
For an uge thou want buildcd not:
And they carved thy portals and towers
For peer and brucher and c-loiyn.
Tlut the Hook of our L3dy's Hours
Might endure tho' the u burned domt.
B the grace of thy ruined Rose
B the sullied strength of thy Toners.
Thou shall triumph. Ld ' Th foe
Shall coucr as the hunted cowcrg.
Thou hast not fallen in ain-
Fallen? Thou canst not fall.
They shall crate thy pity In pain.
Who flung thee hate for a pall.
im n ison fjj, m ji?w york Tr
MORE serious attention to mnrkets has
been given lately limn at any tlmo slnco
1859, when tho city had time for little else.
But tho occasion which drew attention to tho
erection of market houses all over tho city
BO and moro years ago had nothing to do
with reducing tho cost of living.
Wo nre now beset with that problem In
addition to the one of convenience, which
was nil that Beemed to call for consideration
in 1859. The establishment of a farmers mar
ket at' 69th nnd Market streets, where farm
ers from tho surrounding country, and as
far away as Lehigh and Northampton Coun
ties, may bring their products to Philadel
phia, promises to be a very interesting experiment.
PROM the point of convenience It has some
thing to recommend It today, while In
1S59 It would have been Impossible and
ludicrous. Before the elevated railroad on
Market street was erected 69th and Market
streets was not so near ns West Chester, so
far as tlmo was concerned. Now It Is a
small matter of 10 minutes or llttlVmore.
One of the first conveniences, we might
call it necessities, that was considered for his
capital by tho founder ot Philadelphia was
the establishment of a mnrket In High, now
Market, street, at Front. Tho old Journals
of tho Common Council arc filled with refer
ences to the regulations for this market. In
deed, scarcely one meeting of that body from
1704 until tho Revolution passed without moro
or Ipps reference to the markets.
In those days the city fathers did not havo
authority to crcato loans and Bell bonds for
municipal Improvements. When they desired
to extend the market sheds another square,
thoy had to borrow from some Phlladelphlan
who had civic pride enough to advance tho
necessary money. Thero was somo Income
from rent of stalls, from wharfage and a fow
other perquisites, all of them rather trivial
nnd small from the modern viewpoint.
BY 1816 tho market sheds extended west
ward on Market street to Eighth street,
where thoy stopped. Thero were also tho
sheds on Second street, north and south, and
these still remain. Later In the last century
similar sheds wero erected In the middle of
Rnrlntr Garden street, by the District of
Spring Garden; in Glrard avenue, by the
Penn Township, nnd In Bnlnbrldge, then
Shlppen, street, and in Moyamensing avenue
by tho District of Southwark. The District
of Moyamensing erected sheds In Eleventh
street, south from Balnbrldge street.
Those were tho places where Philadelphia
went to market before the Civil War. All
of the sheds, except those on Market street,
survived until about 25 years ago, nnd visi
tors to the city, especially those enrly
European travelers who enme here to look
us over like some rare and astonishing trlbo
that had done well under civilization, wroto
enthusiastically about Philadelphia and her
markets.
TTTHEN Philadelphia started to regain Its
VV commerce and was doing a larger manu
facturing business than any other city In the
country, In the early 50s, the business men
on Market street began to demand tho
removal of the market sheds. They might
be convenient, but they did not believe It.
They declnred business demanded that tho
main business thoroughfare should present
a better appearance, now that the city had
become a metropolis by the consolidation of
all political parts of the county.
Accompanying this agitation for the re
moval of the sheds was a movement for the
erection of market houses in the central part
of the city. A good many business men,
probably to assist in tho removal of the
sheds more than from uny Idea that the
investment would prove profitable, took
shares In numerous market companies that
were started. For a few years there was
a veritable craze for erecting market houses.
Other sections of the city became. Inoculated
with the spirit, and market houses aroso in
virtually all of the populous centres. Somo
of the speculations proved failures, or at
least enjoyed little success, but some of them
are still in being.
TTUNALLY, In 1859, Councils agreed to the
X? lemoval of the sheds from Market street, A
and then the market houses began to assume
Importance. Tho Eastern Mnrket was erected
on the site of the Bourse. The Franklin
Market erected tho building now used by tho
Mercantile Library. Indeed, this building
was never occupied as a market, and the
statue of Franklin, which was cut by Ballly
and adorned the platform over the entrance,
was later erected on tho Punuc Lkdour
Building. At Twelfth and .Market streets
two market houses were built, the Twelfth
Street Mnrket and the Farmers' Market.
These havo been superseded by the Terminal
Market. Above Sixteenth street on Market
another market house went up, and still an
other at Nineteenth street.
But they were put up In so many quarters
that the housewives soon appreciated their
convenience, and the od, nngalnly sheds
were never missed. GRANVILLE.
the fundamentals of the mob spirit frm- i
to day In quite Imperceptible. m T
we can mao a lesson from the i. i tj
eyon If we do not asplro to wealth. M
of tis harbor nn Indeacrlbable aver.iI4'1
meeting new people, mixing with folk. M
are likely to bo qullo strange , and tl?M
in inoir mens ana activities. Rnm.n"'
wo think they know so much less th !?,1
so ves that they are quite apt to pro?, "N '.'J
iiiiuicaiifiKiy uuil. Mi i
.lhr,,.nv.,.j:?" J?1" t mix with n.i
...u, .iifji.i ...uwiuiii hiiu iow, men you ii.7 I
to. know human nature. Continue in YWJ
Vimr nrniinliilnn..l1l.. ii.i"nU0 l0. kern II
circle on the strength' of their social
lug. education or possessions and you .m,"
tinvpr Itttnnr II uu will,
Doubtless, the merchant with the autnn,.
big wheel had mixed with the mob i,w
self, for corlnlnlv 1m km ii i,i.i r" "m
knowing Its habits Is knowing human nainl
VIEWS OF T?T?.ATVt?.nS l
ON TIMELY TOPICSJ
I Contributions That Reflect Public Onirt.
I inn rtrt Q1.!nnia TMHU. . .
-w.. . vjujio iuiijurmni to j(y ;
State and Nation. ' -
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger!
Sir Tho story of the death of the form.
Duma representative, Dszhcparldze, which !
peared In your naner todnv. nrnmnii , . .P .
a few words about the Czar's manifesto to hi.
"dear Jows." I was In Klshlneft on that fnUi
dny of Anrll. 1903. which to.. ,,,,. .:.Ltt,'?l
history as tho day of the Klshlnoff massacr.
On that day, tho holy day of Easter. somVu
Jows wero killed, sovcral hundred wmn.j I
their homes destroyed by the gnngB of hn,5 I
Itims, who, with orders from "above" nnd 2J& .'
cue nciiye nia ana encouragement of the doIIp.'
nnd soldiery, exacted a horrlblo revenge uZ
tho people whose ancestors, they contend?
were responsible for tho crucifixion of the Car
penter of Nazareth. It Is not necessary for .
to narrnto the story of that massacre and th
series of others that followed. They nre ill
well known nnd still live In tho horrified Imae!
Inatlon of tho civilized world. Tho Belllss tr
too, is still nllve In tho mind of the newspaper
reading public. v"
1 only want to emphasize the fact that thl
Cznr's promise Is but a delusion nnd n snart
Ho enn no moro grant a respite from the Indig.
nltles and persecution suffered by his Jewlifc
subjects than the protest of an Individual can
stop the slaughter on the Continent of KuroD -The
Czar never has acted and never can act
upon his own Initiative. He Is surrounded and
ruled entirely by a clique of bureaucrats, wh'
are the real rulers of Russia. Thero is but oni
hope for tho Jews of Russia and the people of
Russia In general, and this Is that history will
repeat Itself; that the present war, like thi
Russo-Japanese War, will be followed by an
other revolution in Russia, which will wipe oft
forovor from tho face of the earth the moat
hated and most criminal dynasty of thj
Romanoffs, and that tho victory of democracy
In Euiopo will havo Its effect upon Russia In
firing that gVeat empire with tho true spirit of
culture and modernism. Then nnd then alons
will tho Jews and tho people of Russia breaths
a sigh of relief from tho thraldom of ten cen
turies. JOSEPH SHAPT.t.
Philadelphia, September 21, 1914.
Feeil America First.
From Life.
Almost any little boy or sirl can undei stand
why wo might hao to p.cy more for sonin
things which are imported Into tills country
from war districts. That is a matter over which
w have no contiul. We have to pay what Is
nuked or so without.
But can any little boy or girl tell why we
should pay more for things which are cxpoited?
Alas and alack! the old-fashloncd excuee that
they vho own tho stuff are nnxtoud to be richer
no longei sulflccs. We nre trying to get away
from the idea that wo are a nation of cannibals
feeding on each other. And there la such a
simple way to fix it. possibly a number of
simple wa.es. National govcriimu.it are) granted
the contiol owr their r.xpoits and imports. How
easy it would be to pass a law ta.clng thdt no
goods should be exported ao Ion? us the price
hero at home Is higher than before the war
minors began How would that be?
Wd have always rather llkcii tho slogan, "Sea
America First." Isn't "Feed Ameilia Fiist"
quite us euphonious and much moro important
THE IDEALIST
One day a merchant erected a newly tired
automobile wheel right Inside the entrance
to Ills store. He was enterprising; more
over, he llrmly believed In the conservation
of energy.
Hut, more important than all, he knew
human nature. One out of every 20 persons
In the throng that passed through the door
gae tho wheel a fresh spin. The meuhunt
llguied on the wheel being kept in a stute
of motion all day.
Down In the basement of the store a
washing muchino demonstration was in
progress. Its purpose was to show the
mechanism of the machine in uction. it
moved and moved all day. For every turn
of the automobile wheel upstairs supplied
power for the machine downstairs!
Some men make tremendous fortunes
simply because they bank on human nature
steering along certain fixed and prescribed
lines. They foresee the movement, they
know what people in the mass have done
before, and they know that the change In
WHERE DOES THE FUNGUS GROW?
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir May I congratulate you upon the engross,
ing news conveyed through the columns of
your paper, both in tho news and editorial
columns? Very Interesting wns a recent ed.
torlnl telling of tho discovery of an Intoxicating
mushroom and Its description by Doctor Verrall,
of Yale. An intoxicating mushroom must surely
prove a popular delicacy, especially If, as ths
discoverers assert, It has no bad after-effects.
I have been Interested purely from a scien
tific standpoint, I aBSuro you In tho use of
alcoholic stimulants from ancient to our times.
"The Banquet" of Plato is chiefly fascinating
In that it gives a vivid picture of the bibulous
habits of philosophers. Socrates Is described
ns passing his cup until morning. Jack London
and Will Levington Comfort are the most recent
confessors along this line. It indeed seems all
tho struggles ngainst the redoubtable John tuna
been In vain. As you say, perhaps the reign of
Bacchus may be over. But can you tell'ma
where the delectable inebriating fungus ran L
secured'? R. D.
Philadelphia, September 23, 1914.
UNIVERSITY OPPORTUNITIES IN U.S.
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir In an essay on university and research
work, written by Hamilton Wright Mabio befora
tho slognn of "Educated In America" was
ciented by war conditions, the author has this
paragraph:
"Opportunities for advanced woik In the
American universities are now so ample that
study in foreign institutions, while not without
Its advantages, la no longer a necessity, and the
number of Americans In German universities
has greatly fallen off."
Tho whole essay Is a substantiation, by meant
of concrete facts, of this assertion.
F. R. G.
Trenton, N. J September 23, 1914.
WHAT HAS PENROSE DONE?
To the Editor of the Eicnlng Ledger:
Sir I nm glad you ate devoting the editorial
columns of tho Evening Ledger to a campaign
against thr election of Penrose.
You know tho saying, "It Is the m.in behind
the Klin that counts," applied to war It Is a
much more pertinent saying when applied to
pnaco and thn development of a real prosperity.
The prosperity of a country cannot be mea-
tiled by K. .rent materlnl and finnncU! o
vplnpment. It can only bo measured really and
. permanently by the character, development and
opportunity of the great mass of Its peopl.
A. H. TOMLINSO.V.
Swarthmore, Pn.. September 15, 19M
A NON-PARTISAN VIEWPOINT
To the Editor of the Evening I.cdgtr:
Sir Knowing the powerful Induene tt"
Leuoeh wields In Pennsylvania, I write to you
In all slncciity and ask whether .vou do not
11, !.!. Hut tliiu InflnnrtfA hhrilllrl be flOCLtCQ
against the re-election of Senator Pentose
do not write fiom a paitisan standpoint, hav
ing only In view tho wclfair of my Mat
Won't you give UiIb your consideration
SAMUEL Kt'NKEL
Hairlsburg, Pa., September 15, 19H.
Killing Off the Race
Trmn lh rbrlallan Herald. ,. ,
Kiom the Christian era till the present time.
ns statists and historians tell us, there nav
bc-en less than 210 wurless je.ars. I'p to u
...i.i. ii- .. ,n.i. ti ...no i mifrlllv COm
puted th.lt nearly 7.0uO.OAOOO men lind died 1
battle tilnce the beginning ot rcc-orucu "-:
a number cqu.il to almost live times the prese"
estimated population of the globe.
NATIONAL POINT OF YIEW
pile of the high pi Ices reported elseher
Is at u discount in Washington J"8' n0W'
In s
noik I
New Vor!
World.
It Is unlikely that any news derived from
(icimun sources would change the curr'"',.
opinion In Hie fnltcd States as to "spam.
billty for tho present war. New Yoik Times.
Speaking of governmental economy, h'j
would be a good time also to shut off the abuses
of tho franking privileges and to reduce the
pense of the Congressional Record by CU"J"
out the unspoken spc-eclics. Pittsburgh '"
patch.
The President has the emphatic support oj
the couiitiy In hid vlgoious protest "S4'""
"fake" peace stoiles which have been sent owe
from the National Capital. They could p
nothing less than seriously mipchievous to ii
cause of peace and. moreover, must put
United State in a false and ridiculous po!lu
Brooklyn Standard Union.
Theie Is need for the prompt opening ot njJ
Federal Reserve Bank system There is i tw
for a system of finance In the Fiilted & J
thut will stubillze und localize the financial
fairs of tho I'nlon-oue that will be nation81
Its chaMcter and free from (lib.' 'J",'lerl,
the slightest degree by the bankers financier
and promoters of Europe, or of our own .
try. Cincinnati L'nquirer.
Tne President Is to be recommended for W
..r....l ,. flh.,ia hi. Movli-an nollCV 3S & 1" .
of the reported quauel between t drran"r,J
Villa So far as the United States is ,0,r ,U)
iv.uo mm represent tho same i'lCrC Jl '"',!
principle of self-iule. Jf they must n
order to settle the personal issue, " 'jtM 1
to be regretted, but the priw-ml. rcna-
same new aorn, uonu.
4
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