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EVENING LEDGER PHILADELPHIA", FRIDAY,' SEPTEMBER 25, 1914.
te
SECRETARY DANIELS
INDORSES ATLANTIC
WATERWAY PROJECT
Tells 700 Delegates to Con
vention It Would Develop
Commerce and Be a De
fense in War.
FLUTTERING WINGS MAY DISAPPEAR FROM CITY HALL
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ALDAN V. N. Y.. Sept 23 -An ovation
was given the (itcambo.it Berkshire when
he arrived here today with more than
TOO delegates to the seventh annual con
vention of the Atlantic Deeper Water
ways Association and their quests. The
day's proceedings were signalized by an
enthusiastic Indorsement b Secretary of
the Navy Daniels of the projert for an
inland waterway from Massachusetts Bay
to the Gulf of Mexico.
Carrying a big FprearJ of 11a ks and bunt
ing, and with scores of visitors lining the
clocks, the strangers received enthusiastic
greetings until the Berkshire came to a
atop here
Leaving Hudson at 9 o'clock this morn
ing for an Inspection of the upper Hud
son River Improvements undertaken by
the United States Government, the steam
boat made good time to Albany. Break
fast was served aboard, and at 11 o'clock
the rrgular business eslon was opened.
Congressman '. Hampton Moore, of
Philadelphia, president of the assotla
tlon, presided. Aftr .i brief address. John
H Bernhaid of Nmv Orleans, was intro
duced as the first speaker. "Modern
Barge Navigation" was the subject of the
Southerner's address The other speakers
were Ln.jls J. Altelder, Ambrldg. Ha , on
"Stool Barge Construction"; Henry V.
Hill, president of the New York State
AVaterw.ivs vjsoclatlon. on 'New York's
Waterways' . Major Michael J. McDon
ough, of the I'nlted Ptate-s Knglners. on
"Local River Improvements," and Com
modore Frank Kesscnd-n ''nne. Qulney,
Mass.. on ' Progress In New England."
A committee appointed by local busi
ness organizations met the delegates upon
the arrival of the Berkshire, and es
corted them to the State Kdueatlonal
Building, where the afternoon session be
gan at 2 o'clock.
Josephus Daniels. Secretary of the
Navy. Prankltn K Lane, sVerctary of
the Interior. United States Senator Wil
liam Aid-n Smith, of Mlchlcan. Governor
Martin H Glvnn, of New York. Charles
R. Miller of Delaware, and Congress
man Teter G Ten Kck, of New York,
were the speakers
DANIELS BOOMS WATERWAY.
Secretary Daniels, In his address ap
proving a waterway stretching along the
Atlantic coast, said
Not only will this waterway lend
Itself tremendously to the develop
ment of Internal commerce and tend
to brlnir down the rates of transporta
tion, but It also will provide unusual
facilities for self-defense In time of
war.
In any conflict between nations
which have navies, the all-important
consideration is to secure Immediate
control of the pea. In such case the
navy of the weaker Power takes
refuge in some well-defended harbor,
where It seeks to wear out its enemy.
If this weaker Power, having thus
taken refuge in a safe harbor, can
maneuver its ships through Inland
channels to other exits. It enjoys a
great advantage
The submarine has long been con
sidered a source of great effectiveness,
and If even the submarines alone of
the navy could have free movement
through an inland waterway, the
power whose navy was bottled up
would be in a position to make a
lonsrer defense until It could bring
Into play the resources of its coun
try The whole n.vure of a war
would be greatly affected by avail
able inland canals
HONORS TO VISITORS.
Beginning at S o'clock, tonight will be
Sevoted to a round of social r.iI, ties The
t . ' ' ZUttCJs&zXTX .
11 - , it r n i in irm
BELGIAN INVASION
OF ENGLAND A SAD;
EPISODE OF WAR
Flight From the Scourge (
That Devastated Their ;
Country Included Persons
of High Degree and Low. j
By STEPHEN BLACK
The BelPian Invasion of England ac-
cording to the London Dally Mall, is one i
of the saddest chapters In hlstorv Dur- i
Ing the last month nearly 3 "" people J
from that unhappy country have crossed
the English Channel, many of them, once
well-to-do. now entlreb destitute, robbed
of their monev, their houses and their
means of livelihood. Were It not for the
helping hand of Great Britain their pres
ent and future would be entirely hope
U?s. The refugees embrace all classes-Belgium
doe nut boast manv leisured citi
zens The people am essential!) a tlve
and hard workers at Industry or agricul
ture. At the other end she ha In nrdl
narv times few or practically no poor
people In Belgium nearly eer cltlen,
either of small or large means, owns his
-n. Unt..- T-t.c-tf IC Tin TBTl (i.lV ffiT him.
?' .w; r?3T m'?rar:..i?n nheCv ! Handful of Determined Wo-
HI lll'iuatnf'B uf i fc .,' - - - -
venture, which he dearly loves.
The fire and sword of the Germans, the
devastated towns and ruined hamlets,
have, therefore, come doublv hard on the
gallant Belgians, and every r ass of
citizen has to face temporary ruin In one
form or other
THE BELGIAN TREK.
The great Belgian trek began shortly
after the war started. After the first
flush of success, when the Belgians held
bnck the advance guard of Germans, a
few of the wealthy classes made a pre
cipitate removal to Folktetone, not. how
ever, without bringing with them plenty
of money their Jewels and other portable
property. They were well-to-do mer
chants whose supply of ready cash and
liquid securities were easily negotiable
at that time. They put up at the better
class hotels at Folkestone and remain
there to this day. The sudden fall of
Liege rhansed the whole situation Ger
man heavy artillery which could reduce
CITY HALL PIGEONS
COO HAPPILY WHILE
DESTRUCTION PENDS
men All That Stands Be
tween Birds and Official
Decree of Extermination.
When Director Harte, of the Depart
ment of Health and Charities, begin his
crusade against the pigeons of City Hall
Square, If he doe3 shoot one, he will find
he must contend with Mrs. M. M. Halvey,
office manager of the Women's Society
for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.
The crusade na to h.ivi- b,un todav,
but Mrs Halvey headed a delegation of
women who called upon the Director.
Ho listened to their remonstrance against
killing the pigeons and then stated ljo'
would hold the matter under advisement.
Mrs Halvey says thero will be no
CZAR'S CAPITAL ROSE
ON NEVA'S WASTES
BY PETER'S ORDERS
Autocrat's Aladdin Spell
Crowned Unfavorable Site
With Mighty and Beauti
ful City Named in His
Honor.
She Is
this fortress in so short a time became
a compelling menace to the wnoie or I s,.JUghtcr of the pigeons.
ueiKium, anu mere in-w u-uiuwii--;i .
rush of Belgian refugees to the safe
shores of Great Britain
Mled with the wealthier classes there
commenced to arrive a large number of
mtrlrtla n19s mprrnaniH. snoi KeeiMT:, itriu i
artisans Liege Is one of the wealthiest Paeons are a nuisance. Others say the
o: tne neigian towns, it is ine ci-nuf , -,cuwa i. uunospnere to city Hall
In the centre of the Admiralty Square.
within the shadow of the K.izan Cathe
dral, stands the e'iuetrlan statue of Peter
the Great, founder of St. Petersburg, "the
1 City of Czars." Perched upon a huge
i granite rock weighing 15,0f) tons stands
I the gorgeous monument to Peter, survey
ing the elream he conceived, and whose
i name Czar Nicholas has changed from
"Sankt Petersburg," as the Russians call
,i it. to Petrograd. In his effoit to purge the
, city from Its Teutonic appellation,
i Unl a century and a half ago, says the
New York Sun, that little peninsula
i w here now stands one of the wonder ( Itles
' Of t!in wnrM una n..ln .A-n !.... ..
nr., .,-. !.. i -..,..., I . . "" "'- "" a
..... i.ii'o.rjjih in uiuiuue or i arearv
GERMAN REVERSES
RENDER UNLIKELY
ANTWERP INVASION
Investment of Belgian City
Would Take One Month
and at Least 200,000 Men.
Food SupplyAlways
Available.
anjthin,' like that, but her one aim is to
save those birds
r-ome people &ay that the City Hall
of an es.ten.slve coal and iron industn
and contained wealthy coalmasters and
Ironmasters, whe, along with their hordes
f nrtrUmon. thMr wives and famllle".
flelegates and their g jests will proceed , f Rth haste to the coast, leaving be
In parade formation to the St.ite 'apltol hind them practically all their belong
tor a reception by the Governor. After ! Ing-s. The boats from Ostend to Folke
Itisprctte.n of the- Capitol, which is to be I stone hetfan to show the dire straits of
Illuminated in their honor nvrnl fc-i, these rieonle. and many of them wno were
, -- .. J.-. . ,.,.. -, r --, -- . , . , . .
speeches w 11 bo made a buffet supper able to scrape togetner tne necessary wei nisnways ana necause a certain Bill
will be served by the Albany committee j passage money landed on our snores Shakespeare wrote a drama concerning a
FLEEING FROM SCOURGE. j mercant of the place.
The fall of Bruscels accentuated the j There are a few friends of the plgtoni
rush. Ostend was threatened, all Bel- , een In City Hall. Sheriff A. Lincoln
glum was at the mercy of the Huns. Then , Acker ajs: "Let the pigeons sta. Drive
the rush to Folkestone reached a climax. I out the rats. I sIm those little pet of the
Square, They liken them to pigeons of
rit. Mark'd Cathedral in Venice. Who
would ever hear of s't Mark'a If it were
not for the pigeons, they ask. If It were
not for 6t. Mark's, it is argued, who
would ever hear of Venice. A few people,
perhaps, mlpht remember It because of Its
.r the Hotel Ten Eck.
The Berkshire will remain over night,
but the deiecatcs will tranfer to another
iteamboat for the run to Troy early to
morrow morninc for an inspection of the
river work in that vicinity.
r?
r Ka
li's
.i.it
NEW RECORD AT ALLENTOWN
Xhls Year's Crowd at Fair Largest In
Event's History.
ALLENTOWN, Pa.. Fept. 15 -After the.
welcome; shower last night the Allentown
Fair began Get-away Day This morn
ing with renewed zejst, despite the cry
Df honl times, this fair has surpassed
those of all former years In attendance
.nd receipts.
Friday is Allentown's day at the fair,
ft Is a sort of reunion day for the towns
people Todav also is politicians' Diy,
from a local standpoint, when the candi
dates on the county ticket will t jn evl
ience. A truco has Ix-em declared between the
luffragettes and ami-, wno hve been con
ducting lgorous campaigns at the fair.
The would-be voters were seen yesterday
In a lolly social gathering at the camp of
Ihe antis and when questional declared
life was toe short to b fighting all the
time It ts ad'ultted that mot uf t),
pretty Allentown girls were at tne booth
Df the sutfs, but they admitted their rhlBf
concern was tiers, who are mue-h more
fleslrable than otes
BETHLEHEM BOY KIDNAPPED
t
Physician's Son, 2 Years Old, and
Servant, Strangely Missing'.
t BETHLEHEM. Ii . Seif liY-The 2-
ear-old son of Pr R E Heacock. of
c.hls city, is the victim of a sensational
(kidnapping, and a colored fjirl, emploeri
tas a serwnt In the doctor's home, Is
suspected of the crime. Both the serv
ant and the child disappeared late last
night whlla the physician and his wife
were away from homo and so far noth
ing has been heard of either of them,
although tbo police have wired broad
cast the disappearance of the pair and
friends und neighbors have searched the
city in vain to locate the servant and
the child.
USA
FORMER BELGIAN OFFICER
SUICIDE IN EAST RIVER
JLoss of Property Deeds in Fleeing
War Zone Prompted Act.
NEW YORK. Sept 25 -The body of
Ernest Werthelm. 60 ear old, a retired
German merchant and a former Lieuten
ant In the 11th Belgian infantry, was
found nouting in the East Rher at 50th
itreot.
He came to this countrj on September
I and wai a patient at the German Hos
pital tu this city. He Uvtd many years
Id Belgium, and. In Uavinc that country,
htt lost a. trunk containing valuable papers
biyxUB 19 profierir eft autc-
All sorts and conditions of people, all
sorts of nationalities fled the country.
Followed quickly the sack of l.ouvaln,
the fall of Namur. nnd the tragedy of
Mahnes. The rush became a rout. Three
steamers a day bringing as many as 20
refuge, s arrived at Folkestone from Os
tend. Who can describe adequately the
medley of peoples from the devastated
districts mingled with other fugitives
from Ghent and Bruges and Antwerp?
Louvaln. a short time ago a seat of
learning, with its famous Catholic Uni
versity, now a heap of runs, contributed
some of Its most learned professors and
teachers to the rush, and many of its
3y) scholars Louvaln also boasted a
large railway construction Industry whose
artisans swelled the debacle. There were
also the wealthy shopkeeper and his
ruined assistants side by side. Belgium,
like Great Britain, Is a naton of shop
keepers. Many of them are able to makes
small fortunes in twenty years and they
have come to us with what remains of
their gains From Namur, which, like
priceless Uouvatn. was a tourist centre
with a "season," camo lodging house and
hotel keeper, also the ubiquitous shop-
Keeper and artuans or a tnriving cutlery ""--" """ '"" "-" " v u nen wu
Industry which provides steady employ- Assistant Director of Iubllc .Safety, got
""" " r"'w iwi" puseons ail me
way from the homing variety to stool
public nearly lfrj pounds of feed each
wcck. inere are a number of rats In
the City Hall that should be disposed of,"
said the Sheriff with a wise nod. What
ne meant can only be guessed at.
When the City Hall was completed, and
before even the officeholders could select
comfortable chairs and desks that were
not meant for hard usage, the pigeons
arrived. They looked that big pile of
stone over und decided that under the
eaes was Just the place for them. It
was and bas been for jears.
THE FIRE HOSE AGAIN.
Director Harte is contemplating aiming
a high-pressure fire hose at the eaves and
drowning the pigeons. That was tried
once before during' the Reyburn admin
istration. While "constant readers" wrote
to the newspapers protesting against the
cruelty, the wet pigeons, with cries of
protest and anger, flew over to Broad
Street Station and lighted upon the train
shed. There they dried off, groomed
themsehes and returned to the f'lty Hall
as soon as the ho"e ceased to be a menare
Whn a fire hose did not discourage.
inuju i irjs i im u i.urt
ment all the year round
Mallnes, with Its WW Inhabitants,
which boasted a large wagon and car
construction works for the State rail
ways, and a tnriving furniture Industry,
fcnt over its quota of well-to-do citizens
and clever craftsmen, many of the latter
now In poert and distress I'ltUens of
Termonde. whose chief industry Is Jute
spinning and weaving for the making of
ropes were also among me refugees
One day there arrived at Folkestone by
steamer GW Russian Jews from Antwerp
WEALTHY "EMIGRES."
One also came across among the refu
gees agricultural laborers from Ghent,
where there U a great horticultural and
arborlcultura) Industry In palm and sim
ilar plants, which were exported largely
to America and Germany, and there also
arrived hotel and lodging house keepers
and storekeepers from Ostend Add to
this mlsielianeous list wealthy diamond
merchants from Antwerp, who have
brought with them their precious stones,
and opulent bankers one man alone ar
rived with tf,( francs in gold and you
get some Idea, necessarily only a cursory
one of the pot-pourri of peoples who
have sought refuge In England.
The Folkestone hotels are full of Bel
gian women and children whose fathers
are fighting the great fight for their
homesteads. The little ones romp about
while the mothers cherish them anxious
eyed A telegram arrives. A whole fam
ily is plunged Into mourning by the toss
of a father or brother. The children's
game cease and an unmitigated sorrow
claims them, the details cr.whjch are too
punim 19 Jrme,
pigeons He know as much about them
as ho did about race hornet, and that
was considerable.
O'Leary Is the man who devised the
wire-screen scheme that Is today seen
over all entrances to City Hal!
The screens, all credit to O'lary, did
baffle the pigeons for several days. Some
b rd Hew home late In the evening, and
In not the best mental condition bumped
against the screens
They became brulfeel and wiser birds.
Then the pigeons got used to the device
and cleverly duckexl under the screens to
rind their roosting places
A janitor of the City Hall came near
solving the pigeon question. He fed the
birds every morning and as they ate from
his hand on the city Hall roof he would
wring the necks of a half dozen or so.
He did It quietly so os not to frighten
the flock It ! said that Janitor ate
pigeon pot pie even for breakfast He
died from appendicitis The death certifi
cate did not state what effect a steady
diet of plKeons had upon him.
John Ritchie, a former detective, feeds
the pigeons every day He will miss the
birds if they are exterminated. So will
a tall, slender young man who feeds the
pigeons every time they are photo
graphed. It Is remarkable how he can
bob up at the ps etiological moment and
get ln'o the camera's range
WILLIAM OF WIEP TO FIGHT
GENEVA, Sept 25.
A dispatch received today from Lugano
states that Prince William of Wled his
joined the German array volunteers.
itfwgMaMmiji'itf
marshy waste, surrounded hv
inicKeis ana loiests and Inhabited by
a few lonely Finnish fishermen. On one
of the Islands encircled by tho pellucid
Neva, commanding the entrance of Lake
Lagoda, the Swedes maintained a strong
fortress, the possession of which was un
nvalllngly contested by the Russians.
Peter the Great, realizing the advantages
of the Swedish position, waged a reient
Icsh war for the possession of these little
Islands. In 1702, after the capture of
Neysschants, the Swedes were driven
from the fortress, and, even before peace
was established, Peter gave orders for
the erection of the city which he named
after his patron saint, St. Peter.
NAMED FOR PATRON SAINT.
The building and maintenance of St.
Petersburg marks d continuous struggle
and conquest of nature. The soil is a
marsh so deep and spongj that a solid
foundation In many places can only be
attained by a subterranean scaffolding
of piles. The highest spot of the city Is
not more than 15 feet above the sea level.
The weather is severe nnd Is marked by
bitter frost In winter and scourging heat
In summer For six months each year,
from October till May, the Neva is frozen
solidly, and Is as Impenetrable as the
Chinese wall. All traffic stops then till
nature releases the port from Its frozen
grip
An old legend has It that after Peter
the Great chose the site of Petrograd he
noticed a heavy ring above the trunk of
a tree. He turned to one of the Finnish
fishermen who stood near, asking him to
explain the meaning of It.
"That." remarked the fisherman naively,
"Is the spot to which the floods of the
Neva reached last spring."
"You're mad"' shouted Peter. "You're
mad! It can't be! It Is Impossible!"
It was not long, though, before he was
convinced of the truth of the fisherman's
statement One year after the work upon
the city had begun the western winds
drove the water from the Gulf of rinland
down to the Neva, making a funnel of it,
flooding the nucleus of his dream. Al
though a century and n half has passed,
nature has not changed her course
In 1712 the Hoods were so severe that
Peter the Great nearly lost his life. Thou
sands of people died In the course of It.
and the whole city was nearly destroyed.
Peter, however, was undismayed by the
misfortune, and in 1714 he gave strict or
ders to proceed with the work, notwith
standing the complaints of the Inhabit
ants. Every building had to be con
structed in a particular manner suited to
the dignity of a capital city, and St. Pe
tersburg wan proclaimed the capital of
Russia. Historians claim that 100,000 peo.
pie died In the first six months after the
work had begun.
PETER'S MARVELOUS ACHIEVEMENT
Peter the Great, with whose reign the
spirit of western Europe was introduced
in Russia, had a definite object In the con
struction of St. Petersburg His travels
and studies abroad revealed to him the
lack of culture In his own countrj Rus
sia was still under the Influence of the I ar
baric Mongols It had no navy. It had
no public newspapers. In fact, it lacked
ever thing pertaining to culture Not only
the peasants, but even the noblemen were
nothing more than barbarians To Peter
the Great the construction of the city
meant a "window to Europe," through
which the ra8 of the Germanic culture
might penetrate the uncivilized Russia.
But he was not satisfied with a mere
window. As soon au the city assumed
definite proportions he began to institute
many reforms In the lives of the people
calculated to shake It from Its Mongo
lian habits. He was the first to publish
a newspaper for the general public, The
SL Fetersuurg uazeue.
ANTWERP. Sept. 25.
A month ago, or even less, a siege of
this city seemed not improbable, but
things have fared so badly with tho
German army since Its retreat from Paris
that this contingency Is no longer con
sidered. The mere preliminary Invest
ment of Antwerp would Inst one month
and require at least 200,000 men, and these
the Kaiser cannot spare Just now, much
as he may be inclined to get even with
Belgium for daring to dispute the passage
of his troops through her territory.
That the seat of government should be
changed from Brussels here was to have
been expected, for n retirement on Ant
werp had always been foreseen as an
essential part of the defense of Belgium.
As early as 1S39, as soon as the fortifi
cations of Antwerp, erected In I860 by
General Brlalmont. approached comple
tion, the principal port of the country
had been officially chosen as the military
capital of the kingdom, as the "rtdult
national" where the Government would
seek refuge In case of Invasion.
At that time there was no thought
of barring the road of the Mcuse. The
field army's action was limited to the
northern part of the country, taking Ant
werp as the base of its operations. After
the first reverse It would have sought
refuge In tho stronghold, which was
considered Impregnable.
This consisted of three lines of de
fenses the advanced line, with nine forts
scattered on the south, and on the west,
IS miles from Antwerp, the second line,
with 14 forts, surorunding the town at a
radius of about four miles, nnd the third
line, being the wall of clrcumvallatlon
Itself.
LESSON FROM FRANCO-PRUSSIAN
WAR.
The scare of 1870-71, when the Franco
Trusslan War raged, showed the danger
of this plan of defense. In order to
prevent an armed invasion of Belgian ter
ritory nfter Sedan, the field army had to
be moved toward tho southern frontier,
In spite of the advtco of experts. After
fierce quarrels and long discussions, Gen
eral Brlalmont's Ideas prevailed in 1388,
and Liege and Namur were fortified in
order to guard the Meuse road and to
shelter the main army during the first
stage of mobilization.
Meanwhile the progress of siege artil
lery had necessitated a transformation of
the fortifications around Antwerp. The
military commission of 1900 Insisted
strongly on the urgency of such a work.
It was pointed out that the advanced line,
In spite of the flooding of part of Its area,
was far from complete, a gap of more
than IB miles being left open to the
enemy, toward tho cast, between Schooten
and Llcrre, It was also noticed that the
second tine could not have resisted a pro
longed bombardment, and that the third
encelentn had accordingly become useless.
It was finally decided by the Chamber,
In 1908, to complete the first line by the
construction of 30 forts and redoubts, to
transform the second line to an "encolente
continue," and to demolish the walls.
ANTWERP PRACTICALLY SAFE.
It would be difficult to say exactly If
every particular of the new program has
been carried out to the satisfaction of
military experts After the Agadlr coup
very strong criticisms of the War Office
were made because the first line of de
fense was still far from being complete.
The general. Van Sprang, who command
ed the place, admitted that. In case of an
attack, he would have had to abandon
the first line. But since then very great
efforts have been made, and If we may
Judge by the results at Uege, the posi
tion of Antwerp must be very strong
Indeed.
As long as England is mistress of the
seas Antwerp can never be short of food.
Holland would, no doubt, oppose the en
trance of warships In the Schelde, but
she has already allowed, and will con
tlnue to allow, the entrance of freight
ships
All these circumstances point to an in
vasion of Antwerp, even if the Kaiser's
troops are victorious In France, as both
unlikely and unprofitable.
TAGGED BY NUMBER,
IDENTITY IS SURE
OF GERMAN DEAD
"Clean-up" Squads Bury
Slain So That Battlefields
Shall Tell No Tales to the
Enemy.
By KARL H. VON WIEGAND
LIEGE, Sept. 25.
Here where the tide of German advance
for a time dashed on the rock and steel
of Belgian forts, I saw something which
affected me far more than nny of the
Borrows ot war I have yet encountered.
It was a good sized basketful of metal
tags, under careful guard at military
headquarters.
"They are all that Is left of 'unsero
1 braven Jungc' (our brave boys) who foil
j In and around Llcge-thelr Identification
mark," said the officer,
I asked permission to examine one. It
wao a small tin tag with two holes for
tho string or ribbon. A large number
was stamped on it, and, below, the num
ber of the regiment.
This little metal tag then that I held
in my hand represented a human life.
It was the "remains" all that was left
of that life of that husband, father or
brother. It was the monument and at
the same time the metallic tag and num
ber of a human life in the Indexed cata
logue of an army of human lives. Just
a metal tag with a. numberl
This afternoon I saw the "rest" of
that tag and many others like It rather,
the place where that "rest" or remalndet
of that tag was. Between the forts Bar
chou and Evcgnes it was in the trenches
where the Belgians received the Germans
with a murderous fire when they stormed
those two forts the first that fell there
by getlng an entrance Into the city. It
was here that these men went down
like grass before the scythe.
Here Is where tho metal tags wer
gathered. Each man and officer wears one
around his neck. That of the private Is
usually a tag with a number correspond
ing with the number opposite his namu
on his company and regimental rolls.
Many also have the number of the regi
ment on the tag. The tags of the officers
usually are of aluminum and besides the
number have the name and rank, some
times also the home address.
After the battle, when the Germans find
their dead, the collar on each shirt Is
opened, the string cut and tho tag taken
and sent to headquarters for Identifica
tion. At Liege, probably for the firBt
time In German wars, death obliterated
distinction in rank. For the first time,
so far as I can learn, German officers
and common soldiers were burled lu the
same trench.
A noncommissioned officer -who com
manded a burial at Liege told me there
was not time to take much pains in
burying. Tho fallen of the enemy are
not burled In the same trenches, but are
placed together In n. separate trench.
Even In death there shall be no brother
hood between those who fought and took
each other's lives.
One of the features of the German side
of a battlefield In this war Is the thor
ough manner In which the Germans
"clean up" the field after a battle. It
Is not only the natural sense of "orderli
ness," which In so characteristic of the
German character, but there Is method
and purpose. That Is, the battlefield shall
reveal no tales. It shall give nothing
from which a conclusion can be drawn
as to losses or any other Information.
There Is little trace of graves from tho
size of which conclusion might be drawn
an to the number burled. In shnrp con
trast to this are the sections of the bat
tlefields over which the French fought.
At the last analysis It Is the"metal tap"
with a number, the symbol of a human
life of a sou! sent out In carnatre. It rep
resents the "ashes" of the battlefield. It
Is the reverse side of the glory medal of
war.
BRITISH CAPTURE LINER
German Reservists Seized Aboard
Dutch Ship Amsteldyk.
QUEENSTOWN, Fept. :5.
The Dutch liner Amsteldyk has been
captured by a British crulacr. The liner
has a number of German reservists
aboard.
BELGIANS KILLED '
FOR REFUSING TO '
GIVE UP WEAPOHS
German Novelist Hoeckcr
Now a Landwehr Captain,
Describes the Harrowing
Scene and Says There's
Much Sniping. ,
A letter written from the field by paU
Oskar Hoccker, one of the leading Qtt.
man novelists, who Is serving as a cap.
tain of tho Landwehr In Belgium, glvM
a vivid description of the searching n4
shooting of Belgian civilians nt Hoecktr'i
own order, when they wcro found to ba
In possession of weapons. The letter
which appears in the Berlin LokaUAn'
2clgcr of August 27, reads, In part, u
follows:
"Our assignment Is heavy and grievous.
Wo arc not yet to get Into the first line .
we do not even know where the first lint
Is wo aro not yet to tight with hon
orable foes In the field. But we are to
clear tho territory of the Meuse of
snipers. Each day shots are fired from
cover upon our troops ns they pass, csps
dally upon small groups, couriers, cycli
officers and the military motors. So t
last It Is a question of dealing sharply,
A clear nnd cnergotlc proclamation liai
warned the Inhabitants of nil Belgian
territory so far occupied by us to deliver
over to us all weapons, ammunition anl
explosives In the next few hours.
SOLDIERS GIVE CHASE.
"No house In these parts is without a
German flag. Just as wo open the gate
a young fellow makes a break for the
near-by woods, I give chase, but th
white thorn bushes, high as a man's
shoulders, mako pursuit impossible.
"A woman appears In answer to our
shout. Is she alone In the house? Alone?
No; she has a daughter of 15 years with
her. No one else? Hesitatingly she adds,
yes, her husband Is at home, too. We
must search the house from top to bot
torn.
"A last word of warning: 'You know,
Monsieur, that every civilian who Is still
found In possession of weapons must be
shot forthwith?' They answered: 'We
havo no weapons!'
"My men divide Into groups and search
cellar, living rooms, barn and stable,
and ransack the garden.
" 'Who was the fellow- who escaped
Just as we came in. Monsieur?' I ask.
'Have you, in this last moment, a con
fession to make to me?'
"The old man clasps his hands: 'No,
Monsieur Officer, as a man of 72 yean
I swear to you '
THEY FIND A SNIPER.
"And then tho horrlblo happens. A
guardsman and a sergeant drag a young
fellow out of tho house. They have
found him hiding In the straw on the
ground floor. He had a Belgian gun in
his hands, loaded with five cartridges.
"From the attic window he may have
aimed that gun at many an honest Ger
man's head or chest. Tho young fellow
had been forced to raise his hands. He
stands there trembling, pale aa cheese.
" "Who Is this young fellow?' I ask the
old man.
"All three have fallen upon their knees,
as a. thunderbolt might have struck
them, and are raising loud lamentations.
The woman Bcreams:
" 'He la my son! For God's sake, you
do not n. .n to take his life?'
"And tho lfi-ycar-old girl Is howling to
that our hearts almost break with pity
for her. The delinquent tries to break
away, but Is caught by our men.
"I nm obliged perforce to bring up
Into my mind the picture of the poor
Germans on patrol, riding out, true to
duty. In the night, around whose heads
the bullets of treacherous snipers
whizzed; must perforce conjure up In
my mind the bright eyes and handsoms
figures of our good Gorman boys In or
der to keep my nerve In the face of all
this misery and lamentation and to obey
strict orders.
" 'He will be shot. Three men for
ward!' I
Fried for Assaulting Fatrolman
John Moyeskl, a giant Italian fruit
vender, who attacked Patrolman George
yanch wli.n nrr-ARted for neddllnK with
out a license, was fined J7.50 by Magis
trate Uorle today in tne ivranKioru punt,
station. Moyeskl Jumped from his wagon
cn,l t.lA1 trt pwennn whllo HaUCh W&S
driving him to the police station. He
struck at the officer when pursued and
refused to accompany him until Haugn
used his club.
Columbia Still Celebrating
NEW YORK. Sept. 2i The Columbia's
crew which carried off the laurels at the
intercollegiate rtgatta on the Hudson last
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June received another ovation last night
when the undergraduates and officers of
Unlike the present Czar, he was a man the university fathered at ths house at
of wonderful ability and marvelous intel I the Phi Kappa Fit fraternity lor a eU-
jtcc, l prauon oz tea event.
Typical Soldiers of
Warring Nations
In Sunday's Intaglio
Soldier types of the warring nations, with a page
of Great Britain's famous Indian commands, are
shown at close range in Sunday's Intaglio. There
are page-wide panoramas of the Knights Templars'
recent peace exercises on Belmont Plateau, and
photos of Germany's war lords and American treaty
advocates. Pages, too, of gay county fair scenes,
beautiful studio poses, artistic bed-room settings
and prominent women contributors to the season's
social entertainment.
Because of its wealth of authentic gridiron in
formation, the Sports Magazine has been converted
into a special football number without slighting other
sporting activities. Among its articles on the possi
bilities of new football are special contributions by
Parke H. Davis, Glenn Warner, R. W. Maxwell and
Geo. E. McLinn. Wm. H. Rocap discusses "Who
Was America's Greatest Lightweight," and Paul W.
Gibbon tells of Philadelphia's new star in the tennis
firmament. "Ty" Cobb discloses the object of his
personal interview with Connie Mack.
PUBLIC j LEDGER