-8 li .IT Hi " EVENING LEDGER PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY crnua ir. k. ctm-rts, riuMiirr.NT. 0. W. Och, flecMtary: John f Martin. TrenMirerj CMirlM It. I.udlngton, Philip S. Collin, John 11. Wil lis rrm. Directors. . KDlTOntAL BOAnDl Choi it. K. Cobtu, Chairman. P. II. WltALF.Y Execullv; JlHWr JOHN G. MAHTIN Ocnra) niisine jMnagtr PublldhH dally, except Sunday, at rciaic Lewies DullrtlnK. Independence, square. Philadelphia Lkdom CBNTntt. Broa.1 ami Chestnul : B treets Aiustio Cirr rK,,"yntt?-I,,Jjl?.ly Nr.w Tom 170-A. Metropolitan Tower CtilOAOO. 7 Horns Iniirn nullillns London.... 8 Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, 3. . NEWS DUnUAUS ! mnariii DcnitiD ..The Pnjrtot tlu M n Nw Tomt ncSEitJ Th,T!m'? L!".1'1"; Buattif lit-muo r'0Frlc.lrlchHraa Loano Bunnio 2 Tall Mall nat. B. y. Piau UDBtAD 33 Ituo Louis lo Urand subscription tf.iuh By carrier. Djllt-T O.N-tr. lx cent By mall. po'pill eutsMe of Philadelphia, except where foreign po-tni;") ) required. DIU.Y U.nlt, ona mnnlli, twentj -live cent-S Din.j Onlt, one jear. three dollars. All mall subscrip tion payable In advance. BELL, 3000 WALNUT KM STONE MVIN 3000 C3 Address nil communications lo Evening Ledger, Indrpfndrnre Square, Philadelphia. irrLiCiiiov tPE at tub riiu.i'r.irim roorncs ron kntbt An srcoMi-ci nn mix. MTTi'rt PIHUl)FLrillA, Tlll'IKDAY, SI'.IMKMin.lt 2 t, 101 t EVENING LEDGERPHIkADELPHIA, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 1914. VTM r The Knife in the Rowels of Reform THOMAS B. T. MACKLEI3K voted In Select Council to overrldo tho Mayor's veto of tno Municipal Court grab. Mr. MncUleer Is employed by tlio Municipal Court nt a salary of $250 tho month. Of course, he was quite competent to tale a judicial view of the question. It Is even possible that he could have been Influenced by argument or fact to voto against tho source of his salary. But he was not so Influenced; not a bit of it. On the contrary, he stood "with the boys," first, lost and nil the tlmo. Mr. Macklcer is but ono of many whoso Jobs depend on their votes. It Is never safe for tho people to confide their interests to men whoso own interests are paramount. If any citizen wants to know why the reform Administration is hampered at every turn by Councils, ho has only to discover the means of livelihood of certain "representatives of the people." They owo their sinecures to tho contractor bosses, to the Organization, and the Organization is their first and only love. When the public asks who and what they are, theso sweetly coo, "We aro Republicans." And tho remarkable thing is that so many people believe them. .i3 I thafi , oh. ' athff ; Iff- FTlSf "Twill Be Dry in OIc Virginia VIRGINIA has pane dry by a declsivo majority. The light there 1ms been going on for years, the real battle having been to persuade tho Legislature to submit the ques tion to a general vote. When that much was won the rest was cany for tho Prohibi tionists. It would be Idle to deny that In tho rural districts of the South prohibition has achieved some splendid results, and It would be Just ns futile to question Its failure In the cities. "Blind pics," "blind tigers," "speak-easies" have flourished. Violation of the law in most of the larger towns it open and notorious. Making vice a crime by statute can never be n great success. Locat option is the real remedy for the liquor prob lem, for it restricts prohibition to localities where enforcement of the law Is practically automatic. T Militarism No Worse Than Nuvnlisni HE German people are quite rlcht In It in; 54 . resenting a great deal of the unreason able criticism of tho Fatherland. It would be a pity if fair-minded men could have no love for a nation which In the last h.tlf century has amazed tho world by its mate rial accomplishments. That England and her Allies have been Jealous nf cjermnn achieve ment is too obv ions to require comment. It would be entirely illogical, therefore, for American citizens to grow bitter oor Gor man militarism and not consider England's navalism. German preparation on land hus not been ono whit more destructive of tho peace of the world than England's prepared ness on the oceans. It is six of one and half a dozen of the other. The Kaiser's long reign of peace is at least presumptive eWdence of his sincere aversion to war. The I-'athrrland Is entitled to n fair show, and there is every Indication that it will got It. Vital History Should Bo Tmiht CURRENT events should be studied in the schools in order to make pant history moro real to the pupils, and in order .ilx.i to promote among them such a civic intPillgenca as good citizenship requires. Curient (vents are history, and history is nothing ex, ,.pt a it considers civics and economics in those phases and aspect of the war which belong to American economic history, tho ho have u great educational opportunity which should not bo neglected. To enlighten th young people in the questions that have to do with American dependence and independ ence in commerce and industry is to teach them tho economic resources and pussihlli ties of their country: and to snow them how these questions are affected by the European war is not to violate neutrality, but merely to give due recognition to th f!w nf events In the history of their own country. Courage is tho Conquest of Frur WE DO not conquer the world bv studding the blood of others Victories are won by the tors of our own blood, Bueh is the vicarious law of progress. To do right when there is every inducement to do winng heroic. To have the courage ,.f standing alone Is the attribute of a strong man (V.ijrag. and fear are related as innocence U to virtue. One makes possible the other Th'ie inn be no real courage without fear, 'mirage is the conquest of fear: virtue is Innocence un der temptation. The hatilenvu) of cvrry life Is the soul. Drowning writes, "When the right begins within himself a man's worth something" Life is not promenade through streets of cheering crowds, but a hard march over rough roads. Running away from the battleground of one's own soul may be set down as a great sin. Re-enter Mexican Itcvolulinn THE long expected lias happened. The in. tolerable tension is over." This morning H. O. Wells' words on the European explo sion apply as tltly to Mexico. Villa's break With his "First Chief is now "official." He has dropped the mukk Mexico is nut to be without its habitual revolution. Men familiar with tho situation in Mexico hate long ex pected just this move. All Villa's protesta tions of loyalty could not alter the fact that ('arranxa was not the man the Northern General and his ncopU wan' J o e hi (he National Palace. Jeatouslos and ambitions aside, thero have been Blgns of profound dif ferences between tho great natural divisions of Northern and Southern Mexico lhat spelt conflict. Villa's revolution may be an at tempt to put himself or his man In tho chair nt Mexico City and his Ideas into oporatlon. Or It may mean the sotting up of an Inde pendent Northern republic. At any rate It means more months of turmoil and destruc tion. Whether this will ho worth tha price depends on Villa's sincerity In his stand for a non-mllltnry government and tho redis tribution of tho land. Meanwhile, Vera Cruz becomes onco more a knotty problem. No Stultification for a Mess of Pottago AT WATSONTOWN yesterday "Doctor xxOrunibnugh nesurcd his ntidlenco that even the competent business administration fell short tlnless sustained by high moral purpose." Mornl principles como first. It docs not profit a man or 11 f tato anything If tho wholo world Is gained and tho soul is lost. It Is only nt this lute dnto In social history that the contrary doctrine is being preached. It Is only now that a mess of pottage Is being dangled before tho eyes of the people of Pennsylvania In tho expecta tion that It will tempt them Into stultifica tion of their collectlvo conscience. Doctor Hmnibuugh understands tho aspirations of this people and the deep purpose underlying their efforts. It "s only Pcnrosclsm which Imagines that morality Is not nn Issue. Stand Up for Pennsylvania STAND up for Pennsylvania," says Doctor lirumbaugh, who has always stood up for her himself and to whom the public Is looking with full confidence for further serv ices of tho same kind. Stand up for Penn sylvania: Aye, tako away from her tho re proach which designing men have fastened on her. Sweep out the antl-morallsts, who, by a conspiracy of plunder, have managed to get control of tho ofllces. Clcanso tho atmosphere, which is pure in all else but politics. A great State, magnificent In Its resources, more magnificent in its accomplishments; a verltablo nation among nations, generous in the complexity of its endeavor, tho industrial prldo of the hemisphere: a State founded by a man with a vllon, a moral vision; a Com monwealth which owes its greatness to tho stern principles of right which ani mated and inspired its curly and subsequent struggles. Only one blot Is on her banner, only one stain attaches to her name. Pcnrosclsm. fit successor to Qunylsm, Is the State's solo humiliation. Discipline It, c::clso It, drive It out: Stand up for Pennsylvania! Dr. Bacon Overrules the Mayor AN EXAMINER'S report, confirmed by XxJudgo AudonrletJ, declares that Dr. AVI1 llnm D. Racon was never elected to Select Council from the 14th Ward. The exnmlner found thnt Dr. Philip II. Moore, fusion candi date, received a majority of the votes cast. By tho ue of dilatory writs In the courts. Doctor Racon continues to hold the office which does not belong to him. It will prob ably be January before his appeal can bo disposed of by the Supreme Court. Doctor Bacon Is also a dual officeholder. He Is n real estate assessor, a position which puts $3000 a year Into his pocket. The Mnyoi's veto of the Municipal Court grab was defeated by one vote. Doctor Bncon cast it '"He Watched anil Wept" TANY a crainfv parson bus run his godly race remote ironi towns wmioiu "h wishing to chain. hit place Ills content ment with his l"t nnd his devotion to tho peo ple of his parlrh are almost incomprehensible to men more nmb'tlous for position and power. There was such a man. perhnps. who enme into your life There was such a man. perhaps, who molded the community whero you once lived nearer to christian Ideals. A man he was to all the country dear . , . . In his duty prompt nt every call, He watched and wept, ho prayed and folt. for nil. He was the burden-bearer and burden sharer of his people. Ho was a soldier of the cross, risking his health and exhaust ing his strength In censeless toll nnd self forgetful perfounance of duty. He oame to his white hairs rind bent Usurp prematurely, and there were those who spoke of him then an n "broken-down minister" of no further use. Rut the angels had kept the srroll, nnd the record of his deeds nnd chnractcr had been written In human hearts forever. From the modest little pnrronage In tho village, with lilacs in tho door yard, he was called, not to a larger salarv or a city pulpit, but to the golden city nnd a mansion prepared of old for his coming. The hardships of peace proved too much fur General Villa, The submarines havo a way of getting under things. Dn't despise consolations however email tli scrapple season U almost ready to open. Hots manufactured In Philadelphia ore known all over tho world and they cover n multitude of sinner Senator I'enrose never has anything to i- about morality, but Dr. Brumbaugh (s full f it, As a matter of fact, the Delaware could mi along without the Government, but tho i imminent could not got alone without the luwart. K." h side complains that the other la ijiiilty of Inhuman cruelty In the conduct of ti.e war, German character Is not on un known quantity and a nation docs not change its qualities over night, War Is war. Per i aps the Allies do complain too much. There has been too rnuert other excitement fi-r the people to pay much attention to tho anti'trust bills, but the conference ("lay. ton measure Ksema to he about as sensi ble as could reasonably hs expected in the clrc umstances. It is an era of Indiscreet diplomats. Our own scrUce seems to have no claims for sujierlorUy. In fact, the rivalry amonu envoys to say wrong things at the psycho logical moment indicates that we must exert ourselves If we oxpout to hold the cham pionship, . ' j hi The success of th3 buya-bale-of-catton muwmint in the youth has been remarkable. It the people man ud of the Government step to the front in an industrial crisis of this kind, not only are the results accomplished better but the underlying principles of our constitutional system are preserved. PASSED BY THE CENSOR THERE arrived In Philadelphia this week ft copy of tho "Courier of Tolltlcnl Exiles," tho oITlclftl paper of thoso sent to Siberia by tho Car. It Is printed In Russian, but for obvious reasons la published In tho capital city of Russia's ally, France. Tho Courier contains tho first aitthontlo account of tho death of Dszhcparldze, ono of tho 160 Social Democratic members of tho second Duma, who were exiled to Siberia for nmxlng their signatures to tho famous Vlborg manifesto n Russian declaration of Independence. Laying nsldo entirely the pathetic human side of tho story, tho account of the last hours of tho Russian sounds strangely out of harmony with tho honeyed words of tho Czar, addressed to his "Dear Jews" nnd "My Loyal Poles." In part, tho Courier says: "At 8 o'clock In tho evening the train approached a small station, Yamskaya, whero wo wcro to change trains. 'All out,' shouted tho head of tho convoy, opening tho doors, DsKheparldzo rose together with tho others, but Immediately fell to tho ground, crying, 'I cannot, I am all In.' Tzerctell nnd Mncha radzo picked him up and placed him on a dirty rug nearby. "'How dnro you Bit down, you dog?' shouted a gendarme, whereupon his com rades picked him up nnd carried him out of tho car to tho station platform. Wo had to wait fully an hour for tho arrival of tho train for Kursk. Surrounded by a host of gendnrmes, beneath tho open sky, In tho hor rlblo cold and but tho scant prison dailies on our backs, wo waited in tho snow, shiv ering, hungry nnd trembling for our lives lest ono of tho gendarmes tnko n fancy to shoot us. Dszhcparldzo nlono wan permitted to sit down on tho ground. Bosldo him stood his wife with her 2-year-old child In her arms. After our arrival at the Kursk depot we were dispatched to tho prison. "All of us, 45 men In all, wcro locked up In a cell 12 feot by S. All n'.ong tho floor lay tho victims of Russian barbarism. Not only was It impossible to pass from ono end of tho cell to tho other, but It wns impossible for ono to stretch out on the floor. In a hnlf hour tho air in tho room became Intolerable. Ono of us took a chanco and attempted to open a little window, but tho soldier on duty ordered him back to tho floor. In nn hour Dszhcparldzo began to snore heavily. Wo pounded at tho doors and demanded that somo of us bo transfened to another coll. At midnight tho warden of tho prison, Knlml koff, cntcrod and ordered that members of tho Imperial Duma be given room In another cell nearby. That night Dszhcparldzo died with out having received any medical attention." JAMES O'DONNELL BENNETT was tho most vitriolic dramatic critic in Chicago, whero lie sat in theatrical Judgment for tho Record-Herald. Ho was feared by actors and managers alike, yot, when It wns learned that he had been captured by the Germans in Belgium nnd was threatened with death as a spy, even his enemies In the profession were sorry. Of course, he was released, hence this story. Tho other night two actors who hnd felt the sting of Bennett's pen stood In front of the Garrlck Theatro discussing tho war. Ono referred to Bennett's visit to tho scene of conflict. "Wouldn't it ho awful." exclaimed the other with heartfelt worry, "if bo didn't like tho way they fought!" THE original manuscript of Arnold Ben nett's "The Regent," also known us "Tho Old Adam," Is now In this country, tho prop erty of Edgar fVIwyn, the dramatist. How Selwyn smuggled the manuscript out of Ben nett's house at Thorpe-le-Sokon, In Essex, England, Is an Inteiestlng tale. Mrs. Ben nett Is tho feminlno Cerberus who guards original manuscripts with a zest and care verging on the tanntic. No manuscript has ever been known to leave her posscs-slnn bo fore. Bennett and Seiwyn were discussing things In general when the former offered tho desired manuscript to the dramatist. "But how will I get it past your wife?" queried tho American. "Hero it Is: just put It under your coat nnd walk out," responded tho Briton. "But It's n bulky pnekngo nnd she'll see It." "If sho stops you glvo her this." ropllod Bennett. And seizing n pen ho wrote on tho cover of the bundle: "This manuscript be longs to Edgar Seiwyn and Ik tho property of no woman." And thnt Is how the manuscript wns smug gled out of the Bennett homo. IT WAS In tho Pneono Mountains the last week-end. A number of legal HghtB, mem bers of the I.ehlgh County bar. Including Judge Frntik M Troxler. were holding a friendly debate on the fine points of tho law. Two men of the Poconns passed by. "Aro nil those lawyers?" queried tho llrst. "Most of them are," replied tho second, "and tho others are Judges." THE piesent attempt on tho pnrt of Russia to stop alcoholism in the army Is not tho first of its kind by any means. Czar Alex ander made every effort to stop tho drinking habits of soldiers nnd especially of olllcers. Whenever n cate of Inebriety came under his observation tho punishment was swift and severe. One evening nn officer of tho impo jlal guards had dined neither wisely nor well, and was showing decided symptoms of Intoxication. Knowing the fate thut would await him if caught, he took a droshhy to drive to regimental quarters. Suddenly, to his undisguised terror, ho SOW approaching the carriage of tlio Emperor. Motioning the carriages to stop, tho Csor ex claimed angrily: "Major, what aro you doing hr?" "Your Majesty." replied the still quick -wltted officer. "I am Just tutting a drunken offlror to the guardhouse." The reply so pleased tho Emperor that Iw pardoned the ofllcer there and then. iutArFGn.t. CURIOSITY SIIQP An authority describes o "Hnhorolan' as "a person, man or woman, who does ru4 go Into society, but who is happy-go-lucky, un. conventional, now flush, now short of money; who. having money, spends it freely, and, having none, hopes for it in the near future; who makes tho best of even thing an4 takes life as it comes Your true Bohemian Is a philosopher, ami, in spile of Ills unearned tlonality. he Is ut loaiit as likely to be re spectable as a leader In conventional sueLetj." The "dav of the camel" was November 4. 656. when Tnlha and Xobehr, rebellious Arab chieftains, were rousted to doath by the Caliph All. Ayesha, tho widow of Moham med, is wiid to hue looked on from tho bai of a camel, whence its name. Estotiland was an Arctic country cxlMing only in the imaginations of olden geogra phers. It was placed by them In the spot now occupied on the maps by Newfoundland. Labrador and the Hudson Bay district It was alleged to have beeu discovered by two 1 Frlcsland fishermen, driven out of their courso by adverse winds. In 1497 Cnbot set sail to tho mystlo continent and discovered Newfoundland. Milton, In "Paradlso Lost," refers to this land: "Tho snow from cold Estotlland." t Tho term "Qnlway Jury" originated In Ireland In 1035, during state trials held to decldo tho right of tho English crown to Mnyo, Hllgo, Lcltrlm. Roscommon and Qnl way'. Tho four first named decided In favor of tho king, with Oalway opposing. In con Bcquenco the Sheriff of Qnlway was fined $5000 and each of tho Jurors $20,000. The exclamation, "God save tho mark," or iginated in an Irish superstition. If a person, on telling of an Injury sustained by somo ono else, touched tho corresponding spot on his own porson, ho wns able to avert similar "injury by exclaiming "God save tho mark." IN A SPIRIT OF HUMOR Comparisons Tho llttlo taxpayer appeared worried. Ho owed one cent and was nervoui nnd uneasy. "If I wero as easily affected by debt nn he," said tho ruler of tho land and sea, "I'd hove St. Vitus' dance." Which explains to some extent tho differ ence between the Individual and tho State. On the llaltlcficld "We shall conquer," exclaimed tho general to IiIm troops. "Our hearts are In tho fight." "But," queried the troops, "aro wo In It?" A Literary Color Sclicnio Most poets aro bluo becauso thoy aro not read. There's No Accounting for Tasto "Dies In n policeman's nrms." Newspaper headline. The Deduction "What foolish things n fellow will do when he's In love." "Oh, Margy, has ho proposed?" From Solomon Jr. It doesn't pay to tie too forward, especially In a head-on collision. The Countersign "Now mind, Mary, if a sentry asks you who you aro, you must Immediately answer, 'Friend.' " "Yes'm: but what nm I to say If ho asks mo how baby is?" Punch. Applied Arithmetic Puzzled Diner What have you got for din ner?" Walter RonstbeeffrlcnsFeedchlckonstewcd lnmbhnBhodbakcdimdfrledpotntoe s J a m p tt d dlngmllktenandcoffeo. Diner Give mo the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, eighteenth and nineteenth syllables. Tit-Bits. One Word, Please Where'er 1 go theto haunts ma A ttoid of Mrntigrst sound: It mocks nt mo nnd taunts mo And chases me around. When I am getting sleepy, About the morning bell. The 7eiihrs sing to mo, "P-K-J-M-Y-S-L!" In enily dawn, Acro-o tho lawn. The crickets blirllly swell That P-l'-P And 7.-V.-7. And R-M-Y-S-L! When spurs of tiooper rowel Their horses In attack. That town without a vowel Gets up nnd Flams 'em buck. When other hnnilels skimpy Such consonants lepol, 1 dearlv love to hymn P-R..-M-Y-B-L! In sound It Is Tlio bullets' will, Wheio s-erfs at last tebel This P-I'-P And 'SSZ-Y, And R-M-Y-S-L! Ah. mo! tho miihlc voibal Thnt IIch within tho word! Its cnnsonnntal burble. Hfitn anything 1'vo heard. Vh 11 guests me getting gnpy You ling old boredom's knell Ilv bidding them, "now, say P-R-K-M-Y-S-L!" it In lugs the biuz t'f beet., It does The di oiilng of a shell! This i'-P-P And Y.-7.-7. And R-M-Y-S-L! John U'Keefo in Now Ynik World. Hur.-o oT a French Color The Groom Well, Bill, you won't eo tho giiv'iinr'H horse any moro; they've taken him for tho niniy. The Gardener Oh! 1 supports now he's going lo he what tho Fmnrhies call a "horse de comlxit." London Opinion. An Alternated Mr. Newlvwed Did you sew tho button on mv pnat. darling? Mis. Newlywed--No, love, I couldn't find the button, nnd so I Just (.owed up tho but tonhole. Judge, Tim Lntecr Kvil Mr. Borem- Hhall we tnlk or danco? Mifcs Wrerelgh I'm very tiled. Lot in dance. Itiistun Transcript. A Culinary Sliurlocl; H0I11103 "Walter, give inn tho menu." "We have none, but I can toll you what wo lme." "You must havo a Jolly good memory." "Nut nt all, I simply look nt tho tnblo cloth." 1'elo Mole. Talcs of Tlirco Cilioa There was n joting man In N. V. Who never would cat with a FY. Haul he. "All my liro I han ft with a nifo Itoasi beef, Mai and mutton and I'V. A fisherman from Terre JJauto (nice brnggrd of u Hsh ho had eauto; Hut the ilfrhei man s dnuter Knew more than sho nuior, And cried, "It was one that you haute!" There was a young fellow In Rutto Who V.CIU 011 a butleful time, NeKt morning in lud. H put I'n on hU head And inuiiiiured; "ohwhydldidutto! New York World, Hampered Auilillinii Ray An l'ng uh there was another hoarder At tho farmhouse, yuu had somebody to talk to. Fb -Hut as there wero only tho two of US there v.ub nobody to talU about Judge, TUB SW13UIE1! AT 13I-SIN0IIU Above the WvwdisU shore a bar of gold Shoua in the gray the tolored torches light Among the clouds ruso, azure, chr oolite Hame, glow and ilKKtr in the young licutao hold. tjh.ldlan-tltucd waves me ewlft enfold With glituriuB prug of pearls; i where the night Has lett a biting coldness I tako flight. This uarms my blood ami muKes my heart more bold! Am I In sky. in water, or In air? For all seems ono I glide through lucent greuu. Through turquoise blue, through chang ing hues of icd -Vermilion, .. .nii. nlld rose, and the glare Of luby Pre. on golden stars I Pan, Then float 'mid tangled rainbows in an emerald bod. Muuiiuu JtrunUa 3i la Scrlbner's. DONE IN PHILADELPHIA WHEN you como to think of It, It Is ratner rcmnrkablo that wo havo had .our old friends the minstrels with us for moro than CO years. They have weathered every Inno vation In theatricals! tho decline and fall of tho stock ventures l tho advent of tho travel ing companies, comic opera, vnudovlllo and now oven moving pictures. And thoy aro going on, bul not telling tho samo old Jokes, night nftor night. All my offorta to nm down to Ita dark origin tho Ilbol that minstrel Jokes aro ven crablo resulted in failure. Somo of tho best Joken I recall woro first passed over tho foot lights by a minstrel company. Only aftor tljey became public proporty did thoy find their way Into periodicals. HAVING becomo a vonernblo Institution many years ago, thero naturally aroso a dlsputo as to tho place whero negro min strelsy had lta birth. Trobably not so many cities as claimed Homer for their own con tended, but certainly Philadelphia and Now York had their advocates. I nm wilting to admit a prejudlco In favor of thla city, and an no other plnco on tho globo ever supported minstrelsy for so long a tlmo wo seem to havo something of a pro prietary right in this form of.cntertnlnmont. Tho beginning was very modest. Beforo tho word had been heard In connection with such nn entertainment thoro wero black-faced acts on tho American otngo. Ono of tho first big hits was mntlo by Thomno B. Rico In his "Jim Crow," which has got Into tho vocabulary of tho langungo. No ono could call that nondescript act minstrelsy as wo havo known it, yot it had its Influence ' 1 THEN camo black-faced banjo acts, such ns Billy Whltlock used to do; others simi lar to Qeorgo Washington Dixon's "Zip Coon," nnd still minstrels did not appear on tho sccno. All of theso acts wcro familiar to Philadelphia theatro-goers in tho 80s and early -10s. Dixon resided here for a tlmo, and during the cpldcmio of cholera In 1832 published a weekly "Cholera Gazette." Ho sang "Zip Coon" at tho Tivoll Garden, on Market street west of Thirteenth, nnd ovory boy In tho city was whistling tho refrain. Billy Whltlock In his autobiography gives a version of his connection with tho organi zation of tho mlnstrol show. During tho winter of 1840 ho nnd his partner, Master John Diamond, whoso real namo was Frank Lynch, wero playing at tho Walnut Street Theatre, and when tho night for their benefit approached Whltlock conceived tho idea of intt educing a novelty. Whltlock asked Dick Myers, a violinist, if he would piny tho violin with them and form a trio on their benefit, and Myers agreed. So, on thnt occasion, for tho first tlmo in public, Whltlock said, banjolsts wero accompanied on the stage by a violinist. And even that does not look like a minstrel show, does it? Yet it was from this germ that tho big, sable semicircle which wo recall with pleasure grew Into the minstrels. IN Its early form minstrelsy was essential ly musical. Tho first band of minstrels thnt traveled around the country had Master OIo Bull as one of Its members. Thero were Virginia Perenuders and Now Orleans Ser enades, and while all the acts wero done In blackface, they wero of a musical character. They gave somo clever travesties on the Italian opera, which was then attracting tho attention of tho musically Inclined, nnd from nil accounts theso burlesques wero not only bright and witty, but wero ndmlrnbly set, so fur as musical numbers wont. Ono of the first minstrel troupes which performed In this city was tho New Orleans Perennders. They wero here In 1849, nnd probably earlier, and they gave a perform ance in old Musical Fund Hall. In tho com pany wns Nelson Knenss, a song writer nnd musical composer, whose songs wore sung all over the country nt tho time. There mny still lie persons who recall the strains of "I Hear the Hoofs," "Go Way Black Man," "Rosa Clare" and "Nelly Was a Lady." I feel con fident thnt the last named at least will bo remembered, for it was sung In tho days of Carncro-s' Minstrels, In the llttlo Eleventh Street Opera House. THERE were also In the company Max Zorer. George Swalne, Thomas Rurko, Master Ole Bull, J. H. Collins, Snm Sanford and J. C. Rnlner. Sanford, whose real namo wns Lindsay, took his stage name from an other performer, Jim Sanford. His uncle, William Lindsay, nlso was In the huMncss. Sanford mny be raid to have been respon sible for tho vogue negro minstrelsy hns had In Philadelphia. Ho opened Snnford's Opern House, nt Twelfth and Chestnut streets, In IKi'iIt. When tho plnco was burned ho took the old church building on Eleventh street, which had already been transformed Into a playhouse by Cartre. This was the begin ning of tho history of the Eleventh Street Opera House, whero minstrelsy was pre served for more than half a century. IN SANFORD'S company nt the tlmo was Jullen. ns he appeared on the hills, but the singer mihs-equently revealed himself as Ira D. Snnkey when ho engaged In evnngollstlo woik with Dwlght L. Moody. Tho last tlmo I saw Sam Sanford was al most 50 ycais ago. when he danced Rob Rid ley nt tho Walnut Street Theatre with Prim rote and West's Minstrels. He wns then a very old man, but very nimble on his feet. GRANVILLE. The rViunla of llio Specie from the Ohio Rtata Journal l tne a 111111 n long tlmo to trot hack Into the lns of Ids regiil.tr woik after a vaca tion, but a woman without a moment's delay resumes the chaido on tho red nuts In tho ic. frlgerntor with all tho zeal and verve with which she left off. THE IDEALIST What Is the mnt-t powerful phrabo in the English language? I put tho question to a gnthetlng nf folks whoso presence thero indicated their fa miliarity with the literature of history. Of rourio, 'the phrates that havo thun dered down through tho years predominated. "Glvo mo liberty or glo mo death Don't give up tho ship"' Lincoln's ennobling "All that I nm I owe to my mother" the offerings seemed interminable. t'p rose a modest -appearing young woman. "Friends." sho said, "are we not up too far among the mountain tops? These suggestions are real thiillera, I confess, and I certainly shall not attempt to detract from their magnificent grandeur. But give me a phrase that makes mo happy each day. Isn't that the right conception of 'power ful'?" Wo admitted It wus. Then she ex-plained- "I am employed In an office where the former boss was a erltnhle grouch. And. of course, his grouch was contagious. Every body seemed scared: afraid to move out of a circumscribed path. Naturally, en thusiasm and initiative both lay dormant. That the highest efficiency was not secured from tho employes was attested when this man was relieved of the office's management by the company's president, "In came a new man. The first mornln ho walked brlskty down tho long aisle- dm tween our desks, but not too briskly to glvS a bright, cheery 'Good morning to each of usi You would have thought that a bomb ot ouhshlno had exploded. Typewriters wero pounded harder, clerks moved about faster nnd tho office boy actually ran. Tho best part of It is that ho kopt it up, day nftor day! In fact, ho's doing It yet. And wo all sweatl by him. It Isn't tho 'Good morning,' friends. It's tho fact that theso slmplo words show us that wo work with him rather than for) him. And 'Oood morning' started it all." You omploycrs who nrrlvo In tho mornlnrf with yesterday's troublos still bearing 0i down, try a elmplo "Good morning" to thoso who servo you. It will accelerate your own red corpuscle as much aa theirs. 3 VIEWS OF READERS ON TIMELY TOPICS Contributions flint Reflect Public Opin ion on Subjects Important to City, State nnd Nntion. To the Editor of the Eventno Ledger! Slr-"Done In Philadelphia" promises to bd an Interesting feature of tho Evcnimo Lbdoeb, but many of your rcadors, I bollevo, would Ilka to see the revlows line a llttlo bettor with his tory than tho Bradford nrtlclo did a fow day ago. A bettor view of Franklin can bo had than tho following extract gives by reading Franklin's story of tho occurrence mentioned! How Franklin managed to get this offlco and how he turned tho tables on Bradford by bribing the postboys to neglect Brad ford's Mercury and tnko caro of his Qn zotto Is very characteristic of tho great philosopher, who was not all philanthropist whero business was concerned. Franklin says that Samuel Kolmor and David Harry hnd both failed and left tho city, and "there remained now no other printer In Phila delphia but tho old Bradford, but ho was rich and easy, did a llttlo business by straggling hands, but was not anxious about it. Howovery as ho held tho postofllce, It was imagined ha hnd better opportunities for obtaining tho nowa, his papor wns thought a bettor distributer of advertising than mlno. and therefore had more which was profitable to him nnd a dlsadvan tage to mo. For though I did Indeed recelva nnd Pond papers by tho post, yet tho publlq opinion wri otherwise; for what I did snj was by bribing tho Tldcrs, who took them prN vatcly, Bradford being unkind enough to forbid It, which occasioned somo resentment on my pnrt, nnd I thought so mennly ofthe practlcn thnt when I afterwards enmo Into his position I took caro never to repeat It." As to another point: Wnllnco's History of th nraclford Family shows the location of A, Bradford's ofllces. SAMUEL W. HOSKINS. Phllndolphla, September 22, 1914. ADMIRATION FOR THE GERMAN PEOPLE To the Editor of the Evening Ledger: Sir Americans In tholr nttltuds toward tlio present European war are not going to try to jutlgo the German people. They are going to render tholr Judgment, and nto doing so now, on the question of Prusslnn militarism. That was tho great fact behind all this conflict, Nowhero In this country Is thero very much hostility to tho German people. We havo (13 great a liking for them an for nny people la tho world. We admire nnd arc greatly In debted to their achievements In all tho arts of pence. American publlo opinion has no an tipathy towatd them, only criticism of tho feu dal Ideal of government that aro held by tha ruling class, and any nttompt to stato the mat ter otherwise, such as some wrltors hnvc lately made, Is a rank Injustice to tho people of this country. J. K. VARNUM. Philadelphia, September 22, 1914. IN REFERENCE TO "PORK" To the Editor of the Evening Ledger: Sir You state In jour editorial that Senator Penrose voted for "pork." It Is easy enough to criticise men In public life, but when a man hns to go heforo tho people nnd get their votes he would be a fool If he did not try to earn their favor. Popular government means having populnr candidates. JUSTICE. Philadelphia, September 23, 1914. THE STREETS OF PHILADELPHIA To the Editor of the Evening Ledger: Sir Lnt winter Philadelphia hnd the fnotf oft tho streets dnya beforo New York was nbls to clear her highways. But why Is It that Philadelphia enn never get tho dirt off her streets? Tlieio are thousands of citizens who would he felad to have you answer this ques tion. W B. ISSZBAXD. Philadelphia, September 21, 19H. FOLLOW VIRGINIA'S EXAMPLE To thn Editor of the Evening Ledger: Sir Virginia hns gono dry. I think It would he a fine thing for Pennsylvania to do likewise, Local option may be nil right, but It Is a well known fact that gang politics nnd liquor alwnjs go together. PROHIBITIONIST. Camden. September 2i. 1914. THINKS PENROSE A WEAK GIANT To the Editor of the Evening Ledger: Sir You nio quite right. In the minority1 Senator I'enrose is nbout ns weak a representa tive of the interests of this Stnto ns could b reasonably expected. Tho war he wanted with Mexico would have done nn good, because l'en rosclsm keeps Its followers at homo to vote. GOOD GOVERNMENT. September 23, 1914. A Victory For Scicnco Krnm the Pn unnnh Newe. Whnt modern medical science cnu accomplish Is shown by the evident fact that the battla ngninst the bubonic plague nt Now Orleans, has been won. Fifty years ago tho outbreak of the plagnj thero would have cruised even more widespread and IntPiiso uuousluerH than did Its recent appearance, and no doubt the list of de.id would hnvo been very lengthy. Reports from New Orleans now nro that there Is not a IngI ense of bubonic plnguo under ticatmcnt In the city. , , Thnt ,ln(n , m.nn tttn, nthnp C1API1 Will HOt nppenr, but It is evldenco that the medical nuthoiitlo.M know how to stamp out the plagu mid ih it thlb country need never fear that It will sptcml from city to city and State to State, killing hundreds nnd caiitlns terror eory where. The victory of tho medicine nvm bus been accomplished without the mirranlrtj tint would accompany a victory m tn- battle field, but It is Just as worthy of prnlte. NATIONAL POINT OF VIEW The country Is heavily Indebted to Senator Buitun nnd his allies for a grcut lcbny won In Its behalf. Indianapolis New a if tho prohibition movement hhouhl u.iin hal way in this section. It will be .llr. f.l "' "' ly against tlio luewery-flnnnccil .nh"n in i' ties ut. against the beverages uhuli it ili-in-n"-. -New York World. President Wilson does well to inalxt "I'ori a timo lipiwrm the I'uloradn mine "I'ei ''"' " their strlliliw laborns. Tho mine "I" "it '". , ' h.no to show etronger obJictin " " " the have If thoy expect the publi " Jl tlilzo with them 111 their refusul of Its te-' Now York Trlmme Feioclty may bead ferocity. Is hP1r.,tottll;4 r.prUal for Rhelms with tlmt and -1'-'' "'" torch if the Allies reach Uqrmuin .1 '''' not unlikely that they will? If the ..1 n" "" J of Germany feel that they must HkIiI ii eneno's weapons If they ie t hi 1 "l'" k a. terrible example to follow -New "lurk i""1 DIsciiMlon of tho pending rivers mid h-o bill throws light on tho current Mi-,'.- "' . , i-minem by lomimssloiib of experts u thut. no matter how mum ; x,,e,l,!(llLV'opiiiion tluro will always be work fo: public n'' , und the sturdy common eeiuo uf im cltUcn.-'Chiciiso Herald. One year ago the Impressive fumrai f ''J CUynor touk Jace at Trinity t hu.ch then many. It not most. 01 mi i"" - - j he was devoted have been-it may b; r al BrgH ne was iwvoicu ium: .--- - ...mal reusoii-chaiued Ills political i''l , friend urc In many cumi The ", of proj.ct has been stalled Trujy in : , Mayoi of New York noes poi ia -,J " i- alnUttr reputation of ertat dl-nlty fr ; . M plrlng man, but It Is a ,riv 4'd 01 -"" S tope New lorR iieraiu. 1 i... iMfcMSSy- mmmm&mmmmmmsm