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PUBLIC LliDOEIl COMPANY
ernes it. K. ct:nxis. rnssme.vT.
Oeo.W Och. PwretAf.v; John 0 Martin, Treasurer
Charles II. LtMlnston. I'hlllp s. Collins, John H. WIN
tlnmit. Director.
EDITORIAL r.OAIUI:
Ctnus It. K. Curtii, Clinlrmnn,
P. II. WHAt.EV Hwutlve n.tltor
iOlttf 0. MAttTlN.
. .Uenernl lluslncM Mutineer
Publth1 ilnlly. cccopt Ruwtay. at Pi nt.tc Lriw:n
TlulMlnR. Independence Sounrc Ptillmfelphln.
trroRit CENTBAt, Prond and Chestnut Street
Atlantic Cut Vrr-Vntn nulldln
New York ....170-A. Metrepnlllnn Tovver
Chicago SIT Home Inurnnro Uullitlng
London 8 WnteHno Place. Pall Mall, S. W.
NT.WHUL'ItEAt'S!
mnntmttirt rtrttEtt; The Patriot HnlMIng
Vasiungtox !lrnt:.tt The Pof itullillnic
New York rirtinu The Tinei UiilMIng
HKnt.t.v HfBEAti HO Frlilrtc1ilri"i
Ln.tDON III Bc 2 Pall Mall KnM. S. W.
I'Anis IIciujai; .12 Hud Louis le llratid
si'nw-imniiJN'rKtiMS
rtVMrrlcr. Iim.t nvt.v. ilt ml. ttv mall. tuvtlMlit
etiuide of Philadelphia, fxrppt where foreign nitaKi
l ifrjulroil. Duly mt v. one month, twenty-five emu;
Dailt O.vr.Y. one year, tlireo dollars. All mall Milwcrtp
tlon payable In ndvanrc.
tlon In ono of his poems. Tho fly, however,
fared somewhat belter In General esleom
until science and education changed the alti
tude. Fifteen or twenty years ngo children
In kindergartens sang llltlngly of "tlio II y In
baby's milk." Selected by Professor CJulllcr
Couch for "The Oxford Rook of English
Verse1' Is an excellent poem Of William
Oldys, beginning
Rusy, curious, thirsty fly!
Drink with me and drink as I!
Freely welcome to my cup,
Couldst thou sip and sip 11 up.
.Hut the II y is now our enemy, and the rat
Is more knowingly dreaded than ever before.
There la safety in fear.
PASSED BY THE CENSOR
IltXL, 3000 WAt.MIT
kbmmiiM: main nono
K3" Addrrsi nil rnnimiinfrnefoiM fo Bmifrttf
frfgn , lndrpnd'-nre Square, Philadelphia.
XVVLU ATtON MADE AT Tlltl Mlll.AtlKI.I'IIU MSTOFMCB Wit
RNTKTA9JIVO0.l-lAil Utll, MATTEII.
rillLAIlELl'IIIA, II'tMUV, SM'I tlMUIlll 22, I'll I
"They Who Oircr Carrion for Aleut"
PENROSE organs, whose iiinrul perspective
is so blunt that it might us well not exist,
are attempting to persuade their readers that
the Kvns-lN-n Ll:rriEll has become Democratic,
Was there ever a candidate who hid so
closely behind the party emblem as Mr. Pen
lose? "I nm a Republican." he says, and all
the little satellites solemnly echo; "He Is a
Republican." .Apparently Kepiibllrnnlstll Is a
cane without which the senior Senator could
not hobble twenty yards. Yet he is not a
Republican. His organisation was denomi
nated by that true Republican. Senator Root,
"a criminal conspiracy," a masquerade. It Is
a trim garment in which this eoterlc of poli
ticians have wrapped I'enroselsm, n pretty
dress. Tear it aside and n stencil of corrup
tion deadens the atmosphere. There are tho
trembling limbs of rraft, the tricky Angers,
the dripping revenue from rum, tho long
Capitol scandal, the vicious debauchery of
voters, tho tndescrlhable alliances with vice,
the whole composite body of social parasites
nnd hangers-on, combined in a vast con
spiracy of loot.
If that Is Republicanism, then America is
done with Republicanism: and the world Is
done with it: and decent men and women are
done with it. But it isn't. Not a bit of it.
On the contrary, the vital principles of the
party that saved the Union, first from dis
solution and then from economic calamity,
still live. They are the principles that thou
sands of men want to vote for, but will not
vote for if at the same time they must be put
on record as approving as Immoral a set of
political adventurers as ever gathered to
pother on the public highways or in tho back
rooms of corner dens.
This nation wilt have Republicanism with
out the fraud that I'enroselsm attaches to It
or it will not have Republicanism at all.
That Is a patent, obvious fact. Men who
Imagine that the destinies of this notion will
ever ngaln be entrusted to statesmen who
cannot stand daylight are eternally mistaken.
Men's Patience is in Tlicir Pocket?
IT IS n mania of t'ongress to play with dy
namite. The American people will never
"TnTcnntrnt with war taxes In time of pro
found peace. In a year when nature has been
magnificently prodigal and bumper crops are
tho rule. Millions which were formerly got
from the customs houses were being taken
directly from tho pockets of citizens before
the European war broke out. Now It is pro
posed to secure millions more from excise
taxes. From being the most proline Source
of revenue, the tariff Is rapidly being made to
assume a minor role In national finance
Direct imports are taking tho place of In
direct levies. American history and American
temperament are against this procedure. The
Administration Is preparing to drive itself
Into an Inextricable labyrinth of unpopularity.
SF
League Island Gel:
i- it
Chance
1HIPWAYS at League Island will enable
the Philadelphia Navy Yard to demon
strate absolutely its superiority over every
other yard In the country. AH things that
go into the buiidinn of ships are centralized
in this city. Private shipyards along tho
Delaware testify to the unexcelled advan
tages here offered. When next t'ongress is
asked for un appropriation the Philadelphia
delegation will be armed with so formidable
an array of facts that opposition to support
of the local yard will be swept away. A be
ginning has been made, nothing more, but
it is a beginning that Is a promise of far
greater things to come.
Open Markets Are Checks anil TSnlances
THE open mark"ts recently established
in New York city may be made perma
nent, though there is some opposition from
the middlemen, and there is complaint
from other quarters that the market
privileges have been abused by vendors who
are ma furmers. Kn far as the abuse of
privileges is concerned, the remedy lies In u
system of careful regulation, and un for the
middlemen their just profits cannot be. at all
endangered by any number of open markets.
On i bo consumer's side, only a compara
tive few of the housewives of a large com
munity can utilise open markets. It is a
question of convenience and carfare, and the
corner grocery & not menaced beyond the
limits of reason.
Open markets, the parcel post and similar
tihort cuts, which reduoe several transactions
to one transaction between una seller and;
one buyer, will never apply to a very tares
proportion of tho business of marketing pro.
duce, but they will 1ms exceedingly valuable
Hon. restricting tho middleman to such profits
ployuvill compensate him for the service which
actually performs. They win serve both
INSe producer and the consumer as an alter
uive when the middleman becomes too
uting a. tollrajuter. They ara checks b4
ances.
Threi
i Our liuomy iho Hat
Her r AH has been declared on th rats
nc'?tr of Philadelphia. They have Rt jt
hood irged this city with tha bubonic plague,
of evfscience and education have convinced tba
"'aiern age thai they are menaces to the
tlon. ' Ith o' am' community- Philadelphia will
gwornbably do at once what ?'ev Orleans did
n w the rats had been the moans of destroy.
Atti man' human lives. This is a wis roajtfm
took cities, "to take warning from others of
court;at may be to your own advantage."
The rat ntver enjoyed the popularity witli i
which the fly used to be tavored. Shaktspeara I
and Cervantes both referred to him in slight-
Ing metaphorical phrase, and Browning gava i
him prominent but not complimentary men-
i
Knincshcd in a Definition
TttK most brazen of nil the nntl-mornllty
organs In Pennsylvania said this morning:
Tacltig defeat in their Various districts,
the pitiful appeal of Congressmen, "Let Us
Have Pork," has changed to tho Insistent
demand, "Wo .Must Have Pork!" It Is a
tough outlook for mushroom statesmen
whose only stock In trade is a faked prayer
and a trunkful of broken promises.
Pork or no pork was the question before
tho t'nltcd States Senate yesterday. Hy
soine strange freak of fortune, Mr. Penrose
happened to bo in his seat. Putting himself
In a class with "mushroom statesmen whoso
only stock In trnde Is a faked prayer and a
trunkful of broken promises," ho voted for
the pork.
Checkmate lite Municipal Court Grab
A.VHW Municipal Court grab, Involving
i a. eventually a million Instead of half a
million dollars, Is In process of 'accomplish
inent. The Mayor bus boldly chalk nged the
men who propose to put this burden on the
municipality at a time when common sense
requites the husbanding of resources in order
to make the way clear for transit. The
Mayor's veto of tho ordlnnnce condemning
ground as a site for the projected buildings
should be sustained. His argument against
it is conclusive. There can bo no satisfac
tory answer. The city cannot be loaded down
with white elephants at this time without the
people understanding clearly tho purpose of
the program.
New Ilosc Must 13c Got.
THK lire underwriters have sustained Di
rector Porter's charge that a large part
of the hose owned by the city Is unfit for use.
It would be Idle now to quarrel about who
is responsible for the situation. The thing
of Importance Is the fact itself. It must be
remedied, not next year, but this year. There
is no other mntter which so urgently requires
tho attention of Councils.
Art "Made in America."
THE European cataclysm has at least tem
porarily affected the buying of books and
attendance at the theatre. Book publishers
and play-producers are unanimous In their
opinion on that point, but they predict a
"boom." American novelists and dramatists
will have the field to themselves.
Xo ono has ever contested the supremacy
of Prance In the short story; yet tho
much-vaunted French writers, such as Flau
bert and Gnutler, acknowledged their In
debtedness to Edgar Allan Poe. The short
story has reached a more perfect form In
America today than It over has In France.
AVe have not yet produced a Shakespeare, a
Mollere or an Ibsen. Nevertheless, England.
Franco, Germany and tho other continental
countries can boast of no living dramatist
whom we may not hope to duplicate, if not
surpass.
"The adulating Imitation of Europe's
middle-age art has brought about mediocrity
in our own," recently declared America's
famous sculptor, Cutzon Borglum. "There
Is no reason why we in America should not
produce an Angelo or a Da Vinci."
Lot us have a declaration of independence
in art.
.Roll of the Thunderbolt
THE history of representative government
is tho history of the gradual assumption
of power on the part of the people. Tho French
Revolution, which Victor Hugo called "tho
most profound thing in all history," would
never have left Its imprint upon the social
and political soul of mankind had It not been
for the current of life nnd action supplied by
tho people. They made real tho teachings of
tho French materialists of the 18th century.
Rousseau and Diderot and Voltaire, and the
entire coterie of Philosophers and thinkers
of that period, would havo remained dead
letters had It not been for the dynamic power
which tho revolution supplied for the realiza
tion of their ideas. Their thoughts were but
tho rustling murmur of a new day. The
power supplied by tho people was a thunder
bolt that has since rolled nround tho earth.
No Quarter to Political Plunderers
OCT in Kansas City the friends of good
government are quoting what Hugh
O'Rrlfn, a, former Mayor of Boston, said in
an olllclnl message after his reelection In
me:
If political parties put tinserupulau men
to the front, they ought to be voted down.
If political parties make combinations with
men whoso morality and integrity aro ques.
tionable, such combinations should be ills
eouragert and dltcounlenaneed by every
good citisen. Jf no qusrter Is given to men
who have no moral principle behind them.
who connect themselves with leading
parties merely for plunder, thty should be
stumped out, and then the bufcinexs of the
country wll be conducted, like any other
large corporation, on business principles.
These words apply to all combinations for
plunder in municipal, State or national poll,
ilea. They point to tho responsibility of
every American citizen.
Doctor Brumbaugh is immune to spttballs,
A man with a feather in his cap usually
has an aagle In his poehet.
Was the recent eclipse of the sun an King,
lish plot to deprive Germany of her well,
known place therein?
Tb Mayor has done his duty In the mutter
of tho Municipal Court grab. Councils will
have another chanco this afternoon.
Ther Is no question about what air. Pen.
roao stands for. Tho record shows that
through his Organisation he has stood for
anything.
jU minimum -H "' WUt'" ")' JU N '
BIr. Roosevelt sys that Mr- Plnchot will
not retire, but wtiat doe ?lr. Roosevelt know
about It? A man Is not addicts?! to coffee If
be has never been ahlo to got a first cup.
Regular steamship service frujn Philadel
phia, to the Pacific is a gooij sign. Shipping
goods from so fine a port as this to New
York to be loaded on vessels wa$. a kind of
extravagance which sound business could not
long endure.
This war tax on gasoline Is a direct blow
at the poor, down-trodden automobile owner
THE wonderfully bluo waters of. tho bay of
Funclml, off tho coast of Madeira, glit
tered translucontly. In smnll boats a party
of American tourists landed from the steam
ship. McNab, who had a mania for collect
ing otitro things, announced that ho would
buy the finest old Aladelra win on the Island
and, with that, he disappeared on his hunt,
the while the others saw tho sights,
And then the iinregcneratcs laid a deep
and wicked plot to commandeer that wine.
So they got back to tho steamship well In
ndvlinco nnd awaited events. Just as tho
Whlstlo blew Its "all aboard," McNab hove
In sight In a smnll boat, lovingly caressing
a basket. Ho tied It to a rope, mounted to
tho steamship's deck and began to hoist Up
his precious burden.
Rut the wicked ones were prepared and
when the bnsket was passing a certain port
hole, n hand protruded and two bottles, cob
webbed and ancient looking, were lifted
bodily Into tho Inner recesses of the steam
ship. Whereupon the ship's surgeon brought
fine cigars and tho first mute nuts and bis
cuits. Then the purlolncr, after a more or
less neat speech of triumph, pulled the cork
and poured out the clearest, nicest water
ever seen!
JlcNnb had paid $5 each for the bottles, but
he never knew the iinregcneratcs had Just
enough self-respect left not to tell him the
awful truth.
IT HAPPENED last week, when the sun
shono brightly and the poesy of autumn
was In tho air. I wandered far afield Into the
lands beyond Collingdalc over the "tills and
far away, until I came to a tumble-down
stone building, decayed with age and redo
lent with historic memories. There arose
visions of Washington, of Grant, the heroes
of our wars. Memory painted pictures of
love and Intrigue and bloodshed and tho pur
suit of peace and then camo the most an
cient inhabitant.
"Pretty old building?" ventured the writer,
seeking Information.
"Pretty old." responded the man.
"It's probably played an Important part in
our country's history?"
"Not that I know of," responded the old
man; "It's been a cow barn nigh all Its life."
Whereupon I bent a masterly retreat.
HEINRICH HEINE, the German poet, lay
desperately 111 In Paris, an exile from his
native land, shunned by members of his race
because of his change of faith, disliked by
those of his now religion. But though
paralyzed, his mind was us clear and acuto
us ever and his wit as cutting. Dally ho
wrote for a French paper; incisive, rnpicr
Uke, cutting nnd sharp were his remarks.
And the butt of his dally joke was one of tho
Rothschilds. For months this had continued,
and then Rothschild could stand the jibes no
longer. He sent a friend to Heine to offer
him a life of ease if he would forego his
satirical attacks.
"Stop?" asked Heine. "Stop the attacks on
Rothschild? What other pleasure havo I left
In life? Tell Rothschild that all his millions
could not buy health for me. Tell him that
my lampooning pleases mo more than It hurts
him."
So to tho day of Heine's death, Rothschild
had to endure.
IN PARIS, Hclno had married a French
woman of dubious antecedents nnd utterly
at variance with the spiritual nature of tho
poet. She was a good nurse, however, divid
ing her time between Heine and her parrot.
One day she disappeared and a friend, con
doling with the sick man, suggested that she
had eloped.
"Is her parrot still here?" asked Heine.
"Yes."
"Then she'll como back." And come back
she did.
ROMANCE Is a thing of the past. Our
childhood dreams and fancies havo bcon
relegated into tho scrapheap of materialism,
Tho thrill of old is replaced by the certainty
of knowledge. What Is It all about? Oh, yes,
Robinson Crusoe's isle has been connected
with tho rest of tho world by wireless! Can
you conceive It, Robinson signaling to Fri
day to como to his aid? Or some ono far
away punctuating the air with electric flashes
to warn him that tho savages were coming?
Gone aro tho days of the buccaneers, the
rovers of tho sea!
Robinson Crusoo's Isle has been annexed to
tho rest of the world!
BENEATH tho great St. Stophen's Cathe
dral In Vienna, which may yet bo taken
by the Russians, Is a labyrinth of catacombs,
nearly equal to that of Romo. For miles the
subterranean passages twist and turn In
Cimmerian darkness. When a very small boy
I was taken Into tho depths by my father,
accompanied by a guide who carried a torch.
Somehow or other, I went astray and wan
dered off. The reflected light of the torch
showed skeletons of Capuchin monkB, nr
rayed In the hooded vestments of their order,
standing in silent, gruesome rows ngalnst
the damp walls; horrors were multiplied in
my childish brain.
"Papa!" I yelled, and the echoes sounded
and resounded In quavering tones, dying
away In ghostly whispers. And when I was
safe with my dad. a moment later, I was the
happiest youngster In all Europe.
WHEN William C. Relck was editorial
manager of tho New York Herald It was
well-nigh impossiblo for any one from the
outside world to see him. But Harold J. Llt
tledale, an English newspaperman, accom
plished tho seemingly impossible, and hero Is
told how he did it. He sent word into Mr.
Relck that he had a story which he would
tell only to him. Mr. Relck sent a reporter
to see Llttledale, who declined to reveal his
story to any one save Mr. Relck. After a
long wait he w-as taken Into the august
presence,
"Well, young man, what's your story?"
asked Mr- Relck.
"It's a hard-luck story; I want a Job," said
Mttledale, and then he was ushered out.
BRADFORD,
CURIOSITY SHOP
It was John C. Calhoun, who In a speech
delivered May 27. 1S36, coined the phrase,
"cohesive power of public plunder," saying:
"A power has risen up In the Government,
greater than the people themselves, consist
ing of many and various and powerful In
terests, combined Into one mass and held to-,
gether by the cohesive power of the vast
surplus in the banks."
That other well-known phrase, to "die In
the last ditch." originated with William of
Orange, who, on being asked by Buckingham
whether he did not realize tho Inevitable ruin
hanging over the Commonwealth, replied:
"There Is ono certain means by which I
can be sure never to see my country's ruin.
I will die In the last ditch."
Dorrs rebellion took place In Rhode Island
la 18i, the bone, of contention bein? a de-
aired change In the old Constitution, tvhlch
daled back to Charles H. , Rival factions
wero formed the "Stiff rago" nnd the "Law
and Order" parties. Each elected a set of
State olllclttls and each sought to gain con
trol of tho Stnto Government. Thomas W,
Dorr was chosen Governor by tho Suffrngo
party and attempted to seize tho Govern
ment, but Was sentenced to Imprisonment
for life, being pardoned subsequently.
Cold slaw, a dish essentially Amorlcan In
Its popularity, Is said to havo been Invented
by the early Dutch settlers, who called It
kool-slaa.
John Bull's sister reg Is really Scotland--a
poor girl raised on porridge and water aha
quartored In a garret exposed to the north
wind. In Arbuthtlot'B satirical "History of.
Europe" she is represented as madly In love
with Jack John Calvin.
IN A SPIRIT OF HUMOR
Popularity Assured
That proposed 'bun line on Hroad street
should become Immensely popular with the
young folk, for bussing has ever been a
popular pastime,
A Bitter Dose
l'etrograd and Jnroslaw,
Budapest and Crecy,
Kaiser WUhelm, General Pau
Drive me nearly crazy.
But the worst Is yet to come,
Tasting rather plll-y,
Reading like prescriptions all
"Tnko some Przmysl-y" l Choose your
"Take some Przymsl-y" i own
"Toko somo Prmzsvl-v"
'Spelling.
Twoultln't be Tolerated Here
From the Huenos Aire Standard.
"Again I was welcomed by my cheery host
ess, and once more purtook of her simple
yet palatable face."
Casualties
From Allied sources we learn that l,."irr,,7U
Germans wore killed, ll,(!99,3fi wore wound
ed nnd 000.-I67 wero taken prisoners, In tho
last four days of lighting.
From German sources we learn that the
total German loss to dntp was 11 slightly
killed, 43 seriously dead and 68 compre
hensively wounded.
Fowl Play
"Why havo you given your hen such an
outlandish namo as Footpad, Jinks?"
"Bocauso she's laying for me,"
The Natural Sequence
It now behooves nil good exchange editors
to dig up tho Ingoldsby Legends and reprint
"The Jackdaw of Rhelms."
Heartburn, Probably
From the nikton (Md.) Democrat.
"Flro of an unknown origin totally de
stroyed tho contents of Clarence II. Krauss
ono night last week."
Huh!
Mary had a llttlo lamb,
And then I heard her holler:
"What does that waiter think I am?
Ho charged me half a dollar!"
Cincinnati Enquirer.
Domestic Discord
"My husband used to call mo his lovely
lute."
And now?"
"Now he picks on me." Louisville Courier
Journal. What's In a Name?
"We're giving our pastor a now drawing
room carpet on tho occasion of his jubilee.
Show mo something that looks nice but
Isn't too expensive."
"Hero Is the very thing, madamc real
Kidderminster." London Punch.
Altruism
Teacher Johnny, you have been writing
your own excuses.
Johnny I know, mum; It takes all pa's
time to think of his own. New York Sun.
A Fall Time Singer ,
Golden punkins gleamln' bright
Ynndcr in de patch.
Never seed a purtier sight
Laying In a batch.
Trouble (lis way's frald to steer
"Como right In nn' have a cheer."
Dixie Land's do Innd fo' me,
No whar else I'so boun'.
Possums roamln' roun' so free.
jSjJuff to make a darky grin
"Bring yo' folks an' call agin."
Jacksonville Times-Union.
Sign of the Times
A Baptist Church In Paterson has spoken
the last word in business administration of
religion. This is the sign erected in front
of the edifice:
Love and Sunshino Company,
Wholesale and Retail Christians:
Distributors of Joy and Goodwill.
In Essentials, Unity; In non-Essentials,
Liberty; In all things, Charity.
The Church with tho Royal Welcome,
A Villainous Joke
Who 13 tho Villa of Europe?
Which of the embattled emperors Is the
friend of tho Euro-peon?
This is Too Punny
Wo labored hard to pen a pun,
An hour passed, nnd It was dono;
Wo nearly died of sheer surprise;
Wo pinched ourself nnd rubbod our eyes;
For. as wo looked on It In pride
And, as wo said, so nearly died
Wo found we'd mado a double hit
(Of wisdom. Infamy or wit)
For then wo saw, and not till then.
We'd penned a pun that punned a Penn.
A lot of fuss over n little thing, perhaps,
but it occurred to us that William Pcnn
looks rather Inky compared to the rest of
the City Hall tower;
One Bad Turn
Brown (whoso new cook is worse than the
last) It wus you who recommonded that
new cook to my wife, wasn't it?
Jones (with diffidence) Yes, old man.
Brown (vengcfully) Then. I must ask you
to come home to dinner with me tonight.
London Sketch,
A Prayer
God of the warring nations,
God of the ways of peace,
Hark to the pleas of women
And bid the warfare cease!
Hark to tho prayers of children,
Their small hands lifted up,
And from the world forever
Remove this bitter cup!
In years of peaceful living
Thy servants have forgot
The grief that follows carnage,
And now, their blood grown hot,
They challenge each the other,
And with no heeding for
The necklaced arms of loved ones
They clatter forth to war.
Oh, God, remove this madness,
And make Thy servants sane!
Remove the fields of carnage,
Where wounded and where slain
Are trampled to gory remnants!
Our God, of war and peace.
Remove from men their blindness
And bid the warfare cease!
A wife stands all forsaken
And peers Into the storm,
Above tho smoke of battle
She marks the vultures swarm.
No loved one hears her pleading
And to her succor flies
Beside where she stands weeping
A baby starves and dies.
God, lift the burden from them
Who bear the burden mostjj
God, touch the hearts of rulers!
God, turn each warring host
From ways that lead to slaughter
Back to the paths of peace!
God, hear the plaints of women
And bid the warring cease!
Judd Mortimer Harris, in Houstem Pwrf.
-
DONE IN PHILADELPHIA
AF"RIND put into my hand tho other
day an old pamphlet written by John
Roach, tho shipbuilder of Chester, which
describes rather fearlessly the causes of
tho decllno of tho American merchant
marine and denounces In poslllvo terms what
has been called free ships. Both theso ques
tions are Uppermost In the minds of tho peo
plo at tho present time, and It la curious to
note that they occupied o, somewhat similar
position 40 years ago.
'Roach was an Irishman, who came to this
country as a boy early In tho 30s, and first
went to work In it foundry for 2S cents a
day. In the courso of his long career as a
ship nnd engine builder he failed four times,
and, had ho survived, undoubtedly would
have successfully passed through his fourth
failure to fortuno again. He built four of
the warships which wero known as tho Whlto
Squadron, tho beginnings of our present mod
ern navy, and It was duo to his suggestion
nnd ndvleo that tho United States ventured
upon tho development of Its navy along mod
ern lines.
IT WAS this venturo that finally caused
the death of John Roach. First he aston
ished tho Naval Advisory Board by making
his bids on four ships far below their esti
mated cost. When tho Dolphin was com
pleted tho new Secretary of tho Navy,
William C. Whitney, Would not accept It.
Although another board conducted a strin
gent test and also rejected tho vessel, Sec
retary Whitney changed his view. His notion
camo too lato. Roach, with so much of his
capital tied up, stopped business for the
benefit of his creditors. Ho declined In health
from that time, and two years later, or In
1SS7, ho died, a broken-hearted man,
Roach was responsible for a largo propor
tion of tho Iron steamship tonnage which
carried tho American flag after tho Civil
War. It is said that his yards built lift all
114 ships of tho most modern typo for their
day. Ho was naturally a stem advocate for
tho protection of tho ship Industry In this
country, nnd ono had only to mention Clyde
built ships to him tp start him off on a
tirade.
IN ROACH'S pamphlet which my friend
handed me, I find an explanation of the dis
appearance of our flag from tho morchnnt
marine of tho world. "When our Civil War
began," tho shipbuilder states, "wo had a
largo commcrco but a smnll navy, and tho
latter, to protect national life, purchased
215,978 tons of our best stoam tonnage. Tho
War Department absorbed, by charter and
otherwise, 757,011 tons more. Of tho re
mainder, to avoid war rates of Insuranco or
destruction by Clyde-built cruisers, under tho
rebel flag, SOI, 311 tons sought refuge under
tho flag of England or other European bunt
ing, while 101,005 tons were actually destroyed
by tho Alabama and other pirates.
"Of tho ships of all sorts employed thus
by our Government few were afterward of any
commercial value, though resold at compara
tively low rates, partly bocauso of tho altera
tions they had undergone In tho process of
adapting them to war uses, but more on
account of tho revolution which had taken
placo in commercial naval archltecturo and
In tho application of motive power."
ROACH comments upon this procedure as
ono of tho most extravagant and ruinous
methods that could havo been devised for
supplying tho United States with a navy.
But at tho opening of tho Civil War, as at
tho beginning of every other war In which
this country has engaged, something llko this
has had to bo dono. We always have been
unprepared. Indeed, tho method appears to
bo the approved method of augmenting naval
services all over tho world. We chartered
ships during tho Spanish War, and Eng
land, Germany and Japan, with their subsi
dized lines, also have found it convenient to
tako over certain vessels from their merchant
marino In war times.
It has been generally understood that It
was during tho period of our Civil War that
England and to a lesser degree Germany
took advantngo of our preoccupation to
snatch away from us the commerce-carrying
trade of the world. From 1S30 until the open
ing gun of tho Chil Wnr was fired our for
eign trado Increased regularly and enor
mously, nnJ In 1860 It was questioned whether
the United States merchant marino was not
first. In any case, It waa a close second to
that of England.
DURING that long-continued strife, how
ever, England had her opportunity nnd
was keen to take advantage of It. Some per
sons may have thought that our present con
cern to regain our proud position on tho seas
while Europe la busy Is a trifle unethical,
but to the persons who feel that way about
it Mr. Roach 40 years ago supplied the
answer.
Listen to this: "England saw the oppor
tunity thus afforded her and availed herself
of it to tho utmost. She spent millions on
millions In subsidies under various forms;
sho used oven the agonies of our strife for
her own advantage, and tho Clyde builders
were enriched In the construction of blockade
runners, not to speak of tho Alabama and
other representatives of tho 'British neutral
service.' Unobstructed and unrivaled by tho
only pcoplo who had shown a capacity for
competing with her upon tho sea, she made
tho first fruits of the great naval revolution
all her own."
IT MUST be remembered In reading that
sentence from Roach's pamphlet that It
was written less than ten years after the
Civil War, when the wounds nnd prejudices
of that strife had not yet been effaced; nov
ertheless, It Is likely to make us feel a little
more comfortable about seizing the present
opportunity to get our flog on the sea again.
GRANVILLE.
THE IDEALIST
Did you ever tell a "whlto He"?
After you had told It, did you feel any
less mean, small and disposed to creep
snake-like into the nearest hole than when
you had told a real substantial one?
It la rurlous how we grease our con
sciences In tho ''white lie" hahit. I sat in
a man's offlee when his messonger presented
a visitor's card. After a quick glance he
returned It to tho boy with the trite In
structions to "tell him I'm out."
This follow forthwith established his repu
tatlon for wilful Inaccuracies among two
people, the boy and myself; perhaps In It
self not a serious handicap to his standing
but just as a drop of aniline dye will tint
a hogBhead of water this man's lack of re
spect for pure truth will gradually permeate
his entire environment. This Is as Inevitable
as the law of gravitation Is Inevitable.
Doubtless the mental process Is: "Well I
don't want to see this visitor and I don't
want to Insult him by telling him so. Hence.
I abstain from making him angry by leading
iiuii m Miimi u i nm jiui m my otnee.
Did you ever see a sli marching alone?
never' -"iwaya u is lound In the companj
T
of its own bene nd marrow. The thief
becomes a murderer; tiio drunkard bee-II!
u. imr; vno imr Becomes a coward, rl
Benedict Arnold did the most convoni. Al
thing; It took too much courago to Ho itll
Inconvenient thing, And ihatS i JK H 111
situation with tho teller of the "white llel" .f J
VIEWS OF READERS
OJN TIMELY TOPICS
Contributions That Reflect Public Opin.
ion on Subjects Important to City
State and Nation,
To the .Mllor of the Evening Lrdptrt
In reading your efficient newspaper I and
artlclo entitled, "British Diplomat Crlllcl.,2
Wilson on tho Mexican Policy." The IJritUh
Ambassador, Sir Llone, Garden, was nolhln
but a warm partition of the Huerta reitlm.
At ono time I was a Huerta sympathizer uniii
after he committed murdcr-the killing t
Francisco I. Madcro. s of
Sir Lionel Cardon cannot by nnv meant
compare with tho great President Wl'lsotr thl
troops were ordered from Vera Cruz. wh?
Because tho President knew that he w,l
leaving tho situation to nn honorable ami edm
catcd man. Sir Lionel's statement Is against
Sonor Carranza, because he ordered that ho (Slf
Lionel) should lcavo tho republic for belne L
Huerta partisan. So let mo explain, In n few
wordB, that Sir Lionel contradicts himself hi
saying that Carranza has no sort of Govern.
ment.
Ho must know that If Scnor Carranza had
no sort of government he would not have told
Sir Lionel to leavo tho republic.
J. R.-MEXICAN CITIZEN,
Philadelphia, September 21, 1914.
Praise From Sir Hubert
From tho Boston Transcript.
George W. Chllds himself might have issued
tho order under which, with the beginning of
tills week, an EvnNtNO LEDOEn flashed upon
tho Philadelphia public and tho community at
large. It was a liberal move to extend In thess
hours of retrenchment tho oxpenso of publica
tion. A false Idea prevails that In "war circu
lations" thero le great profit. Circulation In
Itself Is of no valuo. It Is only as It command!
respect and thus advertising patronage that It
Is even self-supporting.
Thus tho expansion of tho rt'nr.tc Lunona at
this tlmo Is purely for tho advantage of Iti
readers, though lot us hopo In the lone run Its
publishers, too, may roap their reward.
Tho Infant marches llko a veteran. It Is
edited by a "distinct organization," which o
may bo suro in this caso docs not mean that
pleaso-ovcrsbody policy "support" in thj
morning, "opposition" ' in tho evening fo
"catch thorn coming and going."
A newspaper "without a history" is as happy
as tho proverbial "country," For tho cara of
its existence tho 1'um.ic Ledoeo.'.s lins been
most brlof. It was conceived a thoroughbred
and thoroughbred It has temnlned In spitu of
tho temptations of monsrollzatlon by voting
contests, money prizes, tango teaching, etc.,
etc.
Its history Is tho personality of a few clean
minded, public-spirited Individuals with a tru
sense of what "enterprise" really Is. Never
has it been nearer its best than today.
Silence Not Golden
From the Chambersburg (Pa.) Valley Spirit.
A strange, weird silence fatls upon the lips
of the Republican candidates when the nama
of Penrose Is mentioned.
Xot ono of them has so far dared to declare
himself cither for or against tho machine that
seeks to continue its corrupt management or
this State for Its own advantage.
Welcomes Evening Ledger
From tho Jewish Exponent,
The Even'INo Ledoer is a welcome addition
to the ranks of Philadelphia newspapordom.
There Is no better paper in the United States
than the Pubmq Ledoer, and few as good. 1'
the evening edition keeps up the fine tradition
that the Public Ledoer has established,
will bo a potent force for good.
NATIONAL POINT OF VIEW
Along with tho day of prayer for the peace ot
Europe it might with propriety be 6UgBteJ
that a day be set apart for a popular m-tnuriai
to the Interstate Commerce Commission for a
Just rendering of tho public account with the
railroads. Chattanooga Times.
Nothing can bring back the glory of RheinH.
Imagination is touched with tho heat of pas
sion when armies heedlessly deflower a rounir
of its noblest church, and It recoila with scorn
and loathing from the guilty horde. New lora
Tribune.
The struggle In Colorado Is sure to be J'
newed, unless the State takes back Its aidicatea
authority, resumes its forgotten duties, ana
both makes and enforces laws which wil pro
mote peace in tho mlnins regions. Chicaa
Journal.
Every well-informed commentator on th
problem of building up our trade with Souin
America agrees that it is mainly a question
establishing a proper system of et'n,a"v, j
whereby ample credit facilities may be W'"
to tho Latin-Americans and payment or ir'
actions carried out with faclllty.-St. u'
Pioneer Press.
Railroad men should lean on themselves men
and on the Government less. They shouia nj
stand back helplessly without ecouomUing w
ask tho Government for a licensed
shippers and railroad passeueers.-Mllwau"
Journal. .
The extension of American banking faci'iu
to South American cltle3 should be follow ' ea jt
tho establishment of cheaper rates of posias
New York Times. .
If President Wilson and the Iro'f,"a
leaders desire to go Into the """'"f.'S
with an Indefensible grab even a J-0-:'..
appropriation to their discredit, they hSi is.
denly beepme less careful of the Pmr"J:ea
peets of administration than they have '
heretofore. New York Tribune.
FIGHT TO THE FINISH
To the Editor of tha Evening Ledger:
Sir A campaign Is on In this Commonwealth
which is being watched throughout the length
nnd breadth of our land. It Is a fight to a
finish between tho discredited old machine nn
1 the forces which must provall If the old Keystone,
u,"'u '" "" n.-u miu lliu lliuvu It mUft
occupy If we as Pcnnsylvanlan3 nro to stand
erect as mon worth while. v
Tho Issue Is Penrose as the embodiment ot
practices which no longer havo any proper
placo In our political nnd Industrial life. These
arc the days for tho valiant on both sides ol
tho ocean, nnd tho call of duty la Just as clear
as If It wero "To arms" Instead ot to tho ballot
box. When tho Evenino LEDacn enlists In this
campaign, aggressively opposing this blight on
our national life, It, In my Judgment, performs
a great public duty and makes a contribution to
tho causa of good government second to none.
DAVID J. PEARSALU
Mauch Chunk, Pa., September 15, 1314.
GIVE HONEST POLITICS A CILVNCE
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir I have read for many years and have
appreciated deeply tho splendid work which
tho Pubmc LEDOEn has dono toward tho puri
fication of Pennsylvania politics. Another
great opportunity has now arisen for It nnd the
Evening Ltmann to continue this service, to the
advantngo of both State and nation. I refer to
tho opportunity of defeating Mr. Tcnrose for
re-election to tho United States Senate.
WILLIAM I. HULL
Swarthmorc, Pa., Scptcmbor 14, 1914.
WESTMORELAND AGAINST PENROSE
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir As nn Independent Republican, Interested
In raising my party to a higher standard of
citizenship, I nm glad that you arc opposing
Penroselsm. You deserve tho gratitude of the
good citizens of Pennsylvania. Our county was
strongly antl-Penroso nt the last primary, and
tho sentiment against him continues to Increase.
E. E. ZUCK.
Mt. Pleasant, Pa., September 14, 1314.
PENROSEISM NOT REPUBLICANISM
To the Editor of the Evening Ledger:
Sir I am a reader of tho Evenino Ledger
and llko your papor, but I nm a Republican.
As I believe that is your policy, I cannot
see how you can consistently support Palmer
and n Republican platform nt tho same time.
Ho does not stand for Republican principles
nnd, therefore, should not bo supported by an
Republican. JOSEPH RICHARD.
Slatlngton, Pa., September IS, 1311.
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