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EVENING LEDGER PHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1914.
EVENING ai&) LEDGER
PUBLIC LKDGEK COMPANY
OVnt'fl II K. OVRTIS. rnrsiDFAT
. John Orihhel. Vice Presidents 0v W Oihs.Srctry:
John C. Martin. Treasurer. CM tie H I.uiilngton.
Philip S. Collins, John V Wllllsim Oliwtors
EDlTOtlTAt. nOUU):
Crsrs n. K Ct ti, Chairman.
r. tt. wiiAMar ntwutiv iMimr
JOHXC MARTIN.. . . . . .Tctonernl llnaine' Manager
Published dally at PrM.ie I.fpiier lliUMlng.
tndependenco Square, rhlla.lelpnln
MtnoKR Cnvriut, Uro.vl and CMMn-it S reel
Atlantic Cm prrts-vnton Hijllalng
Nr.w Took 170-A. Melo"' ljer
OntcAoo SIT Home 'njnrniic' 'iin.umr
LoxnoN 8 Waterloo place. Pall Mali. . w
IfARBtdnCRO BCRK4D The PofHjl tt"'Jj5g
WAMtiMiToi ncRMD The rase J n
M w Vork ncntJAU The Tm. NKUainR
I.ONM.V HCRtAD 2 Pall Mall tt. s. V.
IMnis IltJRgAC A2 Hue Louts 1 Uraml
sfBcnipnoN Ttn.M"
fly carrier, UAitr Ost-t, six rents. By mall. pnetpald
eutslde of Philadelphia, eeept where foreign postapra
is requires, daii.t uklt. one mnmu, iwcmy-n.u ,c": -
Dailt Ovi.t. one vear. three dollar,
lions paable In advance.
All mall subsJflp-
heu, aooo walnut
KCVSTCOE MAIN 3000
their own purposes and are using It as a
cloak to hide their delinquencies nnd to con
ceal their moral malfeasance, tt means a
willingness, even a promise, to place the pub
lic weal above the exigencies of party
Bervlce. Doctor Brumbaugh, by word and
notion. Is seeking to disassociate himself na
much as possible from t'cnroselsm.
Mr. Penrose commands a machine quite aa
Inimical to the success of the democratic
experiment In America as militarism Is to
freedom and liberty In Kurope. Itolh are
autocratic, both destructive of the Oner per
ceptions, both grasping nnd vengeful. And
Penroselsm, In addition, Is corrupt; noto
riously so. Heller no protection and no cus
toms houses whatever than to secure them
through such an Instrumentality.
Mr. Penrose In tho minority Is worth noth
ing to Pennsylvania In Washington. His
election would Inhibit his being again In the
majority. When tho Republican control the
Senate they will not be Hepubllenns of the
Foraker and Ponrose type.
PASSED BY THE CENSOR
C7" AdHrrsi alt communication to Evtnlto
htdger, Itidtptndrnce Sauntr, rhUailpMa.
rrucATios hadr at tub rim.itEMiuv roitorrlCB ron
ENTRT S BCOP-CM MVIL HITTER.
rniLAtiELPiiiA, rvcsiu,sr.tnMtnKH is, iii
-t
Why the Evening Ledger Fights I'eurosc
THE lamentable condition which render it
Impossible for a paper believing In Re
publican principles to support the Republican
nominee for the Senate must likewise be
sufficiently grave to make his defeat a public
necessity. If the record of Mr. Penrose
absolutely forbids support of him by a
fespeotablo newspaper, quite obviously a
decent regard for tho welfare of the State
and nation requires that newspaper to bring
all of Its tnfluonce to bear to cause his defeat.
He Is either so objectionable that tho levell
ing Ledger must fight him, or he is not
objectionable enough to Justify a refusal to
Indorse him.
Middle ground for a newspaper In such on
exigency Is cowardly. In fact, tho Evening
Ledger is not only confronted with a para
mount duty, but with a splendid opportunity
for service. The Independence of Its view
point causes It to bo observed by the forces
of good government, without respect to
party, In all parts of the Union. Men bo
llevo, and have a right to believe, that at
last there Is in the East a great metropolitan
dally which will speak boldly, without fear
of Interests, corporate or popular, and stand
Irrevocably for good government, no matter
under what party banner.
Whatever the standing of Penrosetsm In
Pennsylvania, It is hated and detested in
every other State of tho Union. Nowhero
else is thero any attempt to defend It. Tho
failure of the Evening Ledger to wage an
energetic campaign acalnst It could be Inter
preted In but one way. The paper's sin
cerity would be questioned.
Manufacturers believe that Mr. Penrose
will be able to write the next tariff bill If
Republicanism Is rehabilitated. That is an
erroneous view. So party would dare enact
a bill writtpn by Mr. Penrose. A Republican
majority In Washington would find some
other chairman for the Flnnnce Committee
of the Senate. The seniority of Mr. Penrose
would not count.
Pennsylvania manufacturers misinterpret
the signs of the times quite as sadly as did
the Southern slave-holders. The election of
Mr. Penrose would hamstring the Repub
lican campaign in 1916. With Penroselsm
""iH x" neck of tho party, what chance
would it have In Illinois, Indiana, Iowa,
Michigan. Ohio. In any of the pivotal States
Quit Talking: Get Busy
THE peoplo are for rapid transit. They
aro for it in a hurry. Moreover, they
Intend to get It. They are tired of tho con
stant bickering over minor sums, as It this
wcro a poverty-stricken municipality Instead
of one of tho most lightly debt-burdened
cities of Its class In tho world. They aro
disgusted with the altitude that to get rapid
transit they must sacrifice other projects.
They havo no sympathy with hack-pulling-,
hesitant statesmen, who are first, against
any appropriation whatever to clear tho way
for actual subway construction, and, sec
ondly, when threatened by nn uprising of
business men In protest, reluctantly consent
to provide tho money, but only by taking It
away from some other meritorious and nec
essary Improvement. The public Is positively
nauseated by the provincial vision of men
who seem utterly Incapable of comprehend
ing tho Imperial future of Philadelphia.
Tho United Business Men's Association to
night should reject all compromise, It prob
ably will. Ortalnly the membership will bo
quite unable to appreciate the argument
that the city is too poor to relocate spwers
and also build an Art Museum for the hous
ing of some of the niot valuable art treas
ures In the world
Tho Finance rommitteo of Councils has
put Itself In an utterly untenable position.
It can retrieve its reputation only by n
square nnd fair reversion of policy. Thnt Is
what It Is exported to do and what the busi
ness men of this community should Insist It
must do.
EVERY time Israel Znngn ill's name ap
pcars In print, Georgo C. Tyler, who pro
duced "The Garden of Allah," lays In a new
supply of sackcloth and nshes and oxclnlms
"Mca culpa; mea maxima culpa!" And Inci
dentally, he says unholy things about n cer
tain e-drnmatlc critic now a resident of
Philadelphia. It nil happened In the days
When Tyler hud Just turned tho financial cor
ner with "The Christian." The dramatic
road had been full of hard sledding, nnd his
first big success had Increased his bank ac
count to man's size. Then, Into the verdant
and unsophisticated life of Tyler crept that
nefarious ctltlc. In the latter's behalf It may
be said that he has reformed now and Is try
ing to live down his critical past.
At any rate, the critic hud jut read fcang
u ill's "Children of the Ghetto," then newly
published. I 'nil of misplaced enthusiasm he
went to Tyler and urged him to have It
dramatized nnd produced. Tyler "bit," and
ns subsequent evotits proved was bitten, for
when the piny closed after a while, Tyler's
nforc-mentloned bank account had been de
creased by some $20,oiX.
AIIOUT the onlT thing In which jTames
Gordon Bennett, owner nnd editor of the
New York Herald, not to mention the Paris
edition and the New Voik livening Telegram,
showed hesitation, una In matrimony. It
took him T3 yearn to get married: It never
took him "3 seconds to reach any other
decision. In fact, his precipitancy has been
notorious on two continents. This Is best
exemplified by a happening one Thursday
morning. Without warning, the Xew York
ofllce received a cable dispatch from Paris,
signed with the usual "Rennett," ordering tho
suspension of the Evening Telegram. There
wafl no reason given, and, as Rennett's word
is law, no one asked for an explanation. Tho
staff was dismissed and then there came
another dispatch to resume the publication.
Since then the Evening Telegram has be
come Bennett's best paying pioperty.
r
I
it -
I
ff njn
i II TK "'
ill
.I
which showed so plainly In 1912 that they are
through nnd done with tho methods of Pen
rose, Foraker and that class of men? It is
well understood that tho Democracy would
view a Penroso triumph with a light heart,
being convinced that It marked a sure freo
trade victory in 1916.
The Evening Ledger owes a duty to the
nation. It must conscientiously work for the
rehabilitation of Republicanism. That can
only be brought about by tho defeat of Pen
rose. His elimination is necessary to purify
the party, to persuade the nation that it is
purified. It is a medicine which tho true
friends of the Republican party will insist on
Its taking.
There Is but one position for the E'cnins
Ledger to take. It must declare, as tho con
ditions prove, that this is a moral issue. The
economic principles of Mr. Palmer it cannot
Indorse, but his political morality it can ap
plaud. As between a man of high principle
and another man whoso political record indi
cates no principle at all, it must stand for
the former. A tariff la but or.e of many
things on which a Senator votes On other
things Mr. Palmer Is sound. A political revo
lution so great ns to give a chance for a new
tariff would bo great enough surely to assure
a. majority in the Senate without tha aid
of one Pennsylvania vote. Oliver in still
there: and the loss of one voto which the
defeat of Mr. Penrose would entail, might
readily mean the gain of five or ten votes i
from other States, which otherwise would ,
not aend Republican Senators to Washington. I
So far as local interest Is concerned, in all
his years in Washington, for Philadelphia
Mr. Penrose has done practically nothing. The
Delaware has been neglected. the customhouse
Is a disgrace and the posioftlco is little bet
ter. The freight of the nation haa flowed by
Philadelphia and on to New Tork. It should
have stopped here. It will when tho Gov
ernment, State and national, does as much
for the port aa has been done for Netw Tork.
But while Mr. Penrose controls affairs there
will he no difference, His interests are all
In one direction.
The Evening Ledger loyally proves Its Re
publicanism by its support of Mr. Brum
baugh. It demonstrates Its allegiance to
national Republicanism and good government
by calling on the voters to prove that Pen.
roseism Is not Republicanism, by showing
that his defeat 1b a prerequisite to th sue.
' cess of the party in the nation, by support
ing Mr. Palmer, not because, but In plt, of
his tariff views.
Advocates of good government can Justly
say. "If the Evening Ledger is not f.,r us it
Is against us"; but not to be against Mr.
Penrose is to be for him The political
machinery that he directs flourishes in dark
ness. Pilence is tho support it craves. A
newspaper that acquiesces now in the elc,
tiun of the Organization's head cannot with
any power fight against tha Organisation
itself in the approaching municipal eleetlons.
There can be no neutrality when its method
are before the electorate Mr Penrose must
be defeated, and it is legitimate mj right to
use the only instrument that Is available fop
that purpose.
The Evening Ledger is an Independent Re
publican newspaper. What docs "Inde
pendent" in this connection mean other than
a purpose to save the party from itself when
octaeioit demand? It oonnoten an Intention
to support only th"e party candidates who
are wortbN li imrh' s a d, lermn jti.in to
rejes m'" wh have prustltued the party to
Democracy Tf the Kai-cr Win?
T IS not merely to gain favor in this coun
try through American fondness for the
name "democracy" that Count von Rerns
torff nnd other German are prophesying an
accelerated advancement of the democratic
principle, ns. a result of the present war. In
the Empire of the Knleer Mind you. they
aro not predicting thp downfall of the Km-
' plre. like those who assort thnt only through
I such a disaster can democracy prosper They
' see plainly that, whether or not the Imperial
I banners shall wave In final victory, the
! triumph of democracy is already In prop
j res. Such n triumph is not of necessity
broucht ahnut by violent revolution, nnd.
moreover, the thing that n people Is slowest
and most reluctant to 'hange, or suffer to
be changed, Is Its form of government
The story of triumphant political democ
racy i a story of accumulated constitutions
and chnrters, grants nnd bestowals. Usually
the possessor of the power desired by the
people has parted with them grudgingly,
sometimes only ns the result of coercion: but
offer they have been transferred as gifts of
gratitude or rewards for service. It will be
exceedingly strange if the sen lee of the Ger
man people to the Fatherland In this crisis
is not rewarded, and Count von Bernstorff,
who is in a position to speak with some au
thority, says that it will ho. That the Issue,
in tholr minds. Is not autocracy versus de
mocracy is abundantly proved by the atti
tude of the Socialists in the Reichstag and
tho country at large, for In Germany the
Socialists are the representatives of political
democracy. The Germans are fighting for
their country, not for a new form of goven
monr. nnd when nil classe In a nation will
ingly bear heavy burdens for tho same patri
otic cause there is bound to be. in victory as
in defeat, a stronger sense of Independence,
and flnalb a larger measure of political
equality German democracy wins, which
ever way the winds of war may blow.
In England the cause of popular liberty
was mnrvelously advanced, without coercion,
during the reign of the greatest absolutist
among the Angevins, Henry II, and, as Dr.
Frederick A. Cleveland sa In his book on
"Organized Pemoeracy." it has frequently
fared better under a monorchy than under a
democratic form of government.
THE next time some Rrltish friend reminds
you that lynehings take place only in the
United States, ask him or her If he or she
has ever heard of an historic lynching In
Edinburgh. The reply will most likely be
"no," yet .loltn Porteous was hanged by a
mob In lTSfi, and the ontre populace was
delighted beyond words. Porteous was cap
tain of the guard and was known or his
wanton cruelty. In a street riot lie had
forced his men to fire Into the crowd, seven
being killed and more than 0 Injured. He
wns placed on trial for murder and found
guilty. A reprieve was granted nnd Porteous
was placed In the Tolbonth. On September
7 a mi formed, tooU the keys from the
jailer, set all the prisoners free and dragged
Porteous to a tree and hnnged him, after
first torturing him.
Give Every Child a Fighting Clianco
ORE than H.oim public school children
fj. in Philadelphia over lu per cent, of
this year's enrolment will have to be con
tent with half- or part-ttme sehoollng this
year. This condition of affairs has been
chronic for some time and is not only dis.
graceful but indefensible It is full of dan
ger for the community and for the children
themselves, and should be remedied at once
The same condition, only In an aggravated
form, exists all over tho United States. Of
the JKf.OOO.OOO children of school age, only
about E0 per cent, attend school fur even
half tha year.
In Philadelphia fully 15,000 children who
graduate eaoh year from the public schools
are forced into the "blind alley" of industrial
Ufa and recruit the ranks of the unemployed,
dependent and delinquent clagsea.
Tho firm basis of a Republic Is tha educa
tion, tho thorough education of its oitisens.
This means a seat In school, at full time, for
every chltd of school age- In Philadelphia
particularly, a eity of homes, there can be
no satisfactory excuse for inadequate school
facilities.
As ait Ambassador, It appears a. Rustem
Bey is an incomparable conversationalist.
It is difficult to understand how the dor.
man arroy can h flying from Prance when
It has been reported that both its wings wero
crushed
Tb "War liars o Reform'' comes bat
to the eity today. The Mayur U reporuxl to
he is eseelUnt health and ready to take UP
the cudgels in behalf at gaaQ government
with renewed vigor.
Food prices in Philadelphia, aside from, tha
important item of meat, are tower than in
any other city of corresponding size In
America. Luscious raspberries, which are
almost unobtainable In New York, may be
had here fT 7 cents a box Cantaloupes are
retailing at 5 cents here and 10 cents In New
York. And so on,
DURING the last strike of the cloak and
suitmakers In this city, thero came an
Influx of gunmen from New York city real
"bad men" of the "on t-'em-altve" type.
Stories "f their prowess and fire-eating pro
pensities were spread broadcast to scare
away strike-breakers until Detective Isaacs,
of the Central office, appeared on the scene.
Single-handed he marched up to the three
leaders of the gunmen. Taking one in his
good right hand and another In his equally
good left, he bumped their heads together
with precision nnd force. Then he took tho
precious trio to Broad Street Station, put
them nbonrd a New York express nnd told
them politely nnd all that, hut sternly never
theless, thnt it would be wise to "beat It"
before real trouble ensued.
Slnco then Philadelphia has been free from
gunmen, and the Philadelphia police force
hns a reputation among New York gangsters
of being brutal in the extreme Impolite, In
fact.
ALL ye housewives who mako your hus
xi. bands get up early theso chill mornings
to light the kitchen fire, take note thnt tho
man who Invented the kitchen rnnge ns con
stituted at present was one Benjamin Frank
lin, a native of Philadelphia and Fald to have
been intimately connected with certain inci
dents of our Revolution Franklin first In
vented a stove to burn bituminous coal
which consumed Its own smoke, having a
downward draft. Later, ho devised another
design, which had a basket grate and mnv
nble bars at the top nnd bottom supported
on n pivot. Tho top would be filled with
kindling, then th basket would bo Inverted
nnd the fire would burn at tho base. The
Franklin stove Is still In use In many parts
of the United States, although thorn have
been hundreds of Improvements nnd modifi
cations. BIG oaks from tiny acorns grow, even to
the extent of developing into a reigning
house llko the llnpnburgs Away back, hid
den In the mists of history, a Count Rudolf
von Kapsburg wns riding toward a stream
at which stood a monk, unable to cross. Ho
told tho Count that ho was on his way to
shrive a dying man and the Count lent his
horse that he might continue on his errand
of tneroy. The nest day tho monk returned
the horse.
God forbid." esclalmed tho Count, "that
I should ever ride a horse that has carried
the Saviour to a dying man," and ho pre
tented the animal to tho Church.
In the course of time, tho monk became
chaplain to the Prince Elector of Mainz. A
new Emperor was" to be chosen nnd the for
mer monk suggested the name of Rudolf von
Hapsburg. And so It came about that Ru
dolf was chosen Emporor of tha Holy Roman
Rmplre, the precursor of poor Fmnz Josef.
Ttt'o bojs near Media found a pot of beau
tiful green paint and a brush They also
discovered that their fathers horso was ft
dirty white. Ho they started to paint It
green- When they had finished the tail and
una hind leg, father catne upon the 6cone.
"lloys." he said, "as you appear to havo a
penchant fur art. you muy paint tho plchot
fence around the old homestead green: both
sides. mtPd you, and no play until you are
done."
That is why the hoys have decided to ho.
come desperadoes or reporters or something
similarly dreadful BHAPFOUD.
cuhiqsitv SHOP
jjnt all notious Ij the t-uinrary. history
does rereat Itself waslonally. and from the
disry of John tivclyn. tv .ontemporary of gam.
ui Pepys. tola appeals proved- Under date of
July 15, U, lively n wrote:
"Tto public was aw in great consternation
on the late plot and conspiracy; Ills Majgsty
ery melancholy, and not stirring without
double gugrds; all the avenues and private
doors about Whitehall and the park shut up,
few admitted to walk in It.
"The Turks were likewise in hostility against
the German Emperor, ulmoat masters of the
Upper Hungary, and drawing toward Vienna,
On the other side the French King (-who it Is
believed brought In the infidels) disturbing his
Spanish and Dutch neighbors, having swal
lowed tip almost all Flanders, pursuing his
ambition of a fifth universal monarchy! and
all this blood nnd disorder in Christendom had
evidently its rise from our defections at home,
In a wanton peace, minding nothing but luxury,
ambition, and to procure money for our vices.
To this and our Irrellglon and atheism, great
Ingratitude and self-interest: the apostney of
some, nnd the suffering the French to grow so
great, and tho Hollanders so weak. In a word,
we were wanton, mad, and surfeiting with pros
perity: every moment unsettling the old foun
dations, and never constant to anything. The
Lord In mercy nvert tho sad omen, and that
we do not provoke Him tilt He bear It no
longer!
"This summer did we suffer twenty French
mcn-o'.wnr to pass our channel toward the
sound, to help the Danes against the Swedes,
who had abandoned tho French Interest, we not
having ready sufficient to guard our coasts, or
take cognizance of what they did: though the
nation never had more or a better navy, yot
the sea had never so slender a fleet."
On .luly 1!, 16D, Evelyn wrote In his diary:
"The Mnrshnl de Schomberg went now as gen
eral townrd Ireland, to the relief of London
derry. Our flcot lay before Brest. The Con
federates passing the Rhine, besiege Bonn and
Mnyence, to obtain a passage Into France., A
groat victory gotten by tho Muscovites, taking
nnd burning Perecop. A new rebel against tho
Turks threatens the destruction of thnt tyranny.
All Europe In arms against France, and hardly
to be found In history so universal a face of
war."
IN A SPIRIT OF HUMOR
On the Just and tho Unjust
Knlcker They are looking for a war tax that
will fall equally on every one.
Bocker Then tax the rain. New Tork Sun.
Morning Sun!
From a short poem entitled "Daybreak," by
Prof. George Herbert Clarke:
"Sun! Sun! Sun! Sun! .....
Sun!
Sun! Sun! Sun!"
Sounds like a prejudiced newsboy.
A Pulling Story
The Texan pulled the dentist's bell,
The dentist pulled him In,
Tho Texan pulled his jaws apart,
And bade the Doc begin.
The dentist pulled his forceps from
His care to pull the tooth,
And then he pulled the wrong one out:
He was a careless youth.
Tho Texan pulled himself upon
His feet and pulled a gun;
An officer then pulled them both,
His name was Sergeant Dunn.
Dunn pulled a tip from each and o'er
The judge's oyos pulled wool:
They both pulled out without a fine,
For Dunn posbes.ed a pull.
New York Ttlcgraph.
A Dual Alliance
A Michigan paper announces the marrlnge of
Kathryn Cannon and William Popp, We hope
that so bang-up a wedding will not be fol
lowed by a state of war.
Compensation
If It Is true, ns our business philosophers tell
us, that "those who never do moro than they
get paid for, never get paid for moro than they
do,' then It is quite clear that If you want to
get paid for more thnn you do, you must do
more than you get paid for. Even a philoso
pher ought to eee how Impossible thnt Is, but,
of course, the true philosopher cannot be ex
pected to hesitate over a mere Impossibility.
Life.
A Grave Mistake
From the first chapter of the Belgian Com
mission's romance of Gorman deviltry:
"On August 1?, after tho battle of Hnelen,
Colonel &n Damme, commander of a Belgian
regiment, was lying wounded on the battlefield.
Sevoral German soldiers found him,
and placing their revolvers against his mouth,
blew his head off." For this barbarity, at least,
there Is tho ver best of evidence. The ora
clous Commissioners have an affidavit fiom
Colonel vnn Damme himself. Baltimore American.
A Question of Ownership
Alkali Ike And so Slippery Sam died with
his hoots on. eh?
Broncho Bill No, he died with my boots on,
That's how he como to die Boston Transcript.
Takiii;: No Chances
l "IJlhun yonder tella mo he trusts his wife
Implicitly and absolutely, but"
won:"
"Well, I should notice ho carries hi3 change
nnd his fishhooks loose In tho samo pocket."
Judiie
Tlie Hap))' Parmer
The shades of night wcro falling fast
When up the fence, row blithely passed,
Through cieosoto and I'ails green.
These grim trespassers on the sitene:
One nrmy worm,
Ouo chinch bus,
One Hessian fly.
One cut worm.
Advancing each before Its kind,
They gave the v.-lggte-wag' behind.
And answering with buss ami whizz,
Their trusty troops Invaded via.:
One uheatfield.
One field of oats,
One cornfield.
Ope potato patch.
The fanner slumbered in his bad
While pleasant fancies roamed Wa head,
And dreamed of getting ftfUr Ult
A 'few ferm luxuries, to tvltt
One automobile.
One lighting plant.
One trector.
One 6ilo.
Rut where the etiing sun hail sliant
tjf opulence remained n bone,
Otean-picUcd as frost denudes the Iresa,
And what tho fanner had were thee:
One sale.
One trip to a new farming country.
One trip baek asaln,
One start all jver.
Wall Street Journal,
The Railroads and Vafhinpton
There Is no possible doubt that in many In
stances the tax (the proposed tax on freight
traffic) collected from the shipper will reach
the ultlmatt consumer as a double market
price of the nrtlcles so taxed; there Is no
possible doubt that In all Instances it will mean
final costs very much higher than thv r
now. New York Press.
DONE IN PHILADELPHIA
NOW that Baltimore has had its Star-Spangled
Banner celebration, In commemoration
of tho 100th anniversary of tho writing of Key's
Immortal song, let us glance n moment at Phila
delphia's eharo In popularizing that anthem.
Whenever a song achieves enormous popu
larity there usually appears on the untroubled
waters a controversy that Is carried over from
one generation to another. Bo It has been
with Key's song, which, tike Hopklnson's "Hall,
Columbia!" did not originally bear the title by
which It Is now known to countless millions.
The controversy In this lnstnnco, however,
does not reflect upon Francis Scott Key, but
rnges around tho Identity of tho composer of
the music. Llko many nnothcr controversy of
similar chnracter, this one has been settled a
good many times to tho satisfaction of some
of the disputants; nevertheless, there seems
to be a good deal needed to entirely clear the
atmosphere. A Phlladclphlan. too, has engaged
In this entertnlnlng occupation, but It Is not
nbout him that t want to chat today.
It was In tho pages of a Philadelphia maga
zine, tho Analectlc, which In Its time was the
foremost monthly In this country, nnd not sur
passed by any In London, that Key's poem
first received a printed form that might bo
called permanent. At that time, also. It still
was unnamed.
Key wrote his poem, ns Is very well known,
while he was on n British ship that was en
gaged in the bombardment of Fort Mcllenry
In September, 1S1I. It Is dcscrlptlvo of his
thoughts nnd feelings, aroused as they were
to n high pitch of patriotism, and when ho
returned to Baltimore after tho unsuccessful
bombaidment he gnvo tho manuscript to a
friend, who soon had It put In typo In one of
the Baltimore newspaper offices.
It was entitled "Tho Defense of Fort Mc
llenry," but even this rather wenk title for
so lusty a song could not destroy Its Influence
It wns by all odds the best poem produced
during the War of 1S12. and, as usual, Key
did not know that ho was doing the best thing
of Its kind over penned. Genius nearly always
falls to recognize Itself. Some one has to place
the wreath of fame on their brow before they
understand,
Tho poem was printed In nearly every news
paper of the time as soon ns It came to tho
editor's hand. But when tho editor of tho
Analectlc. at that time Washington Irving,
saw the poem In the newspapers, he did tho
best ho could to bestow tho wreath,
He placed It at the head of the poetry In tho
November number of the Analectlc, 1S1I, nnd
introduced It with a description of the circum
stances under which It wns written. At tho
same time ho wrote that It was fnr too valu
able a piece of verse to permit to be lost.
Thus it como nbout thnt the first literary
recognition of tho Star-Spangled Banner came
from a Philadelphia magazine.
But there Is another chapter to this.
The first man to sing the Star-Spangled Ban
ner also was a Philadelphia and his descend
ants have aroused a grent deal of controversy
because of one slight remark he made about
tho circumstances of this first public singing
of the Immortal song.
To be exnet, there wns not one who snng tho
song first, but two, the brothers, Chnrles nnd
Ferdinand Purnng. There young men, who
wero the sons of a performer In tho old Chest
nut Street Theatre, also were connected with
tho theatrical profession. Charles Durang was
a dancing master here for years nnd wrote a
history of the Philadelphia theatres. Both of
tho Durangs enlisted In the Harriaburg Blues
when there was a call for volunteers to repel
the British, who were going strong in the
neighborhood of tho Chesapeake. They wore
In camp near Baltimore nnd stationed nt Fell's
Point.
They were In Baltimore soon after the at
tack on tho fort nnd there were handed a copy
of tlie poem. Now, heio Is where, the con
troversy begins.
According to Charles Durang's version of this
event, ho read over tho song nnd Fnld to his
brother, "This would mako n good national
pong." And thereupon ho began to search for
a piece of music that would fit the words, lie
said that he went through his trunk nnd pulled
forth a well-known song, then very popular,
entitled, "To Anacreon In Heaven,"' and de
rided that It was Just tho thing.
Of course, the words did fit. They fitted to
a nicety, bcraut-p evidently Key hud the meter
of tho drinking souk In his head nt the tlmo
he wrote. It was not the first time the same
music hail been used to tho woids of nn Amer
ican patriotic song, Thero was "Adams and
Liberty," written by Robert Trent I'aiuo II
years prnvlouslj. and at this time widely known.
It Is probahlo that Key knew It better than ho
did tho original "To Anaercon In Heaven."
which wns nn Kngli3h song sung by the Anne,
reontli- Society, which hn thought was the nlr
to which his song ehnuld bo sung.
Yot. on tho strength of that remark about
finding a pleco of music to fit. somo attempts
have been made to belittle Durnng'.i version of
how tho song was first sum; In public.
It hi well lo reniembur thnt tho.se who would
deny Durum; tho honor ho claims for hlnihelf
and brother hnvo not attempted to designate
any nthor nlncn or cIi-L-iimsinnra ,m,i ...i..
..,.. M.IMU, , (It'll I
the hong flrht received its public prenontatlan. I
lu his valuable treatlso on our so-called na'. I
tlonal songs Sir, Sonneek, uf tho Library of
Congress, el von a list of inoie. than to books,
artlrlos and other mntorlal that reror to the'
history of that nuo gong. .Mr. ;-oIu.cU.,, boo;
was printed five cara ago. and I believe ho
would now bo compelled to even dLtiblo t10
length of hU list.
Aa to tho ical authorship of ihe music, tho
rosult of the -various controversies thus for hns
been to oven further obseuro the point
Tho Rev. Dr. 11. T. Henry, president of the
Cathollo High Schuoi for Hoys, nnd Or. urat.
tan Flood lmo been tngagrd in one of the
most elaborate controversies nbout tho nriin
of tho air of tho .star.spamsleil Banner tlint I
line 1'flf Illicit II OOBil nH.
,.., , ..v-.. ...,s..i.. Bre regarded highly
as authorities on general hynmology, but q
far as I can glean from their ni tides the ques.
lion of the authorship of the tune in still on
debatable, ground.
Thsio Is a, Bicat deal of literature yet to be
rlttsu snout Key's littlo poem, which ho wrote
un tlie barf; of an emelore,
TUB TALISMAN
lcnry Van I)jl;0 in ihjjy,,,!,,,
What is Foituue. what is Funm?
Futile sold and phantom name,
lllclurs hurltd In a cave,
aiory written on a srave.
What Is Friendship? Something i!m
That the heart can spend and fercn;
Wealth that greater while yp give,
Pralso that heartens us to Hye,
Come, my friend, and it us prove
Life's true talisman Is loyef
By this charm we shall elude
Poverty and sglitude.
The Hague, ISlt
VAST VOLCANIC CHAIN
LINKED COASTS OF U. 8.
Geologic Proof That In Prehistoric
.nines America occineu With Actiy.
Craters from tho Atlantic t0 L
Pacific.
That tho completion of tho Panama Caan
should bo signalized by the bursting forth tt
.. ... .,., ,., ao ln lne Un).,,
States-was aa startling as it wns unxptcil4
says M. C, Frederick, In the Boston Transcript
To those familiar with the geology 0f t
tnetnn frt.i., Unn..,AM ,u. .. ,... .. ' i
vw., ..v,,.u,v., Wla iiiamicstation occi.
slons no surprise.
It Is a strnnge story geologists tell , .
the California const-that ages ago Its rnoun
tain peaks, mere reefs in a great cxpansa oi
sea, rose to such a height that Santa Batbati
Channel was a vast valley, over which doufcu
less roamed the elephant, camol, lion, saber!
toothed tiger and other animals whose foj,i
remains are scattered over the country nj
some of which are found on tho Islands, Then
the land again sank beneath the sea and again
nroso, nnd marine fossils are found In abun.
nance niong me enoro nna on the mountain
tops many miles from sea. Imagine the mr.
prlso of the old gold hunters to find tb
skeleton of a whale nt an elevation of a thou,
sand feet and two hundred miles Inland.
And ages ago, as we havo seen, the land alt)
had Its baptism of flro. Badlatlng from mlddM
California In separate streams, scientists tell
us, tho lava flowing north became a flood,
burying tho smaller Inequalities and cnclrcllni
tho larger, until It covered the greater portion
of northern California, northwestern Nevada,
nearly alt of Oregon, Washington and Idaho,
and reached far Into Montana and British
Columbia. Arizona nnd New Mexico were alto
Involved. Tho Columbia Itlver cuts through
lava three or four thousand feet thick, nnd la
a cut ln the Deschutes nlvcr thirty successive
sheets of lava may be counted.
But that was many thousands of years ago,
being at Its height In the Miocene petloi
Since then activity In tho United States hai
gradually diminished until It practically ceased
within the Inst few centuries, wllh occasional
belated manifestations, ns at present.
Dvcn In historic times there hns evidently
been a marked diminution of such phenomena
on our Western coast. Spanish explorer!
expressed tho belief thnt thero wcro volcanoei
ln tho coast rnnge of Southern California. Thh
may not have been so entirely Imaginative ai
Is generally supposed. In tho desert enst of
Dnggett lava beds and craters have beert
reported, of so recent a formation thnt som
believe them to be not more than I0O years old.
For some time after the settlement of Santa
Barbara there wan a "volcano" on the sea
shore, either the genuine article or burning
petroleum. At the time of the earthquakes of
1312 a new volcano wns reported back of Pine
Mountain.
An old geography of 1S15 calmly remarks that
"California li a wild and nlmost unknown land.
In the Interior are volcanoes and vail
plains of shifting buows, which iimotlmei
shoot columns to great height. This would
seem near Incredible were It not for the well
authenticated accounts of travelers."
The entire region of Yellowstone Para,
Wyoming, was In remarkable volcanic activity
nt a comparatively late geological period, and
the llnarerlng phenomena still produced consti
tutes the most remarknble series of natural
wonders of any equnl nren of the globe. There
Is also n smnll geyyor region, of n hundred or
two boiling geyterr., with their accompaniment
of sulphur, salts nnd alkalis, In the mountain!
of central California.
In time, no doubt, the Pacific const will
become ns settled ns the Atlantic side, which
In early geological times, we me told, appar
ently had outbursts on a grnnder scale than
anything known In historic times, for example,
the enormous floods of lavas which with tufas
nnd sandstones form tho eopper-benrlng scrlcj
of Lake Superior, which have a thickness of
thousands of feet.
Tho const of Maine, the rci.'lnn of Boston, the
Connecticut Valley, the Palisade of tl " Hud
son, through Pcnnsylvnira. nnd cl.-e'vhere.
show traces of ancient volcnnle n.-tlen and
the snme may be snid of m.-inv countries of
Kuropo where volcanic life Is imw e-.tlnct
Alaska. Mexico mid Pouth Ameilcn still show
mo 10 or less volcanic nctlvlty. but in nil the
known -world there Is but one Strnmb.ill i-i the
Mediterranean, which has been en-i.-tantly
discharging Invn for more thnn two tlwusand
years.
THE IDEALIST
Due to tho grace of tloil limit of ns are
whole limbed.
Do you know- what It realh means to '" able
to walk along with nur lpgs doing their full
duty, with full-giown nnd uulmpsiied arrat
... l..l,, I., hnrmniii' vtMi Villi!' .llrillC W It
n ill,.,,,. I.... ,,'. tj -.-
eves seeing every passing thing, w th e ir li"'
lnt: all sounds'.'
You will not know until "u ."' ''"'l'1 V'J '
one uf them.
Thos of us who are wholc-llmlx.,1 li" wd'1
nut In our rhnnces. Thnre vvli.i .He i"'t h1
lost. And the most matter-of-fact " ' lMrlh
v III admit thnt life does tontnln n hug" 'Ir'"
of chance,
A crippled tiinn-n bright, cbeei-rul c'n,-onrt
pave the reaiui fur hli extienie and .ii'imi"
tlnto of happlneus. His iepl made -'n-nger
men of his hearers.
"Because ill f my friends ne.it i ' ""
of themselves. They offr me no ieiets. winch,
after nil, are tnelrss. They never i,m t ' m'
misfortune They tnlk rreely with n' "
were as well equipped physically as "
of them."
There is the secret One of ouisetve"' fti"1
of It when rude Instinct prompt. n " it
at a crippl'i paEslug you on the street
There exists among most folk wh. ha om"
deprived of a partial use of their bodies a tl
degree of sensitiveness with respect t a dis
cussion of their particular ailment. Tie s.ignt
est mention of the topic often sends the mini
of such a one. Into a seabon of brooding
Under tills comes tho too frequent etendm
of sympathy, the too much offered hand w
help, Note how your unfortunate fnend "
proud to do things which you were nut a'
)io could do.
Suffering humanity needs all the help "" l"
give. But do not forget that In extending helf
;i mental attitude must be taken into ,oi.idrs
lion, us well as a plosical defk-lino
Do not permit your helping effort t mpn'
Size the pll6lca gulf between iu and tie- oM
you help. TUB H'BU-lST
'l'io Wastes of Peace
The war has (nought Into a wbitei lis"1 ,lia11
SVfr the Immense wusto that guea on ' '
eminent lu times of peace. Congress uI
play a high card by looking this qui""11 (3ir '
In the faco now, when world-wide conuniy
the watchwoid. Mlnneapollb Journal.
,u;da'l
Of Course
Van Shortbllt-Ah! Now conicss' '"
ou llko to be a man?
JJljj Swift Of course) Wouldn t ou?-JulJ;
V
v-iH iIjj a njfc
III I'll I "lllll ll'WSH