a.HM m.M wz.:: -.----. -jl,., ijWWiMWg aaam'miM r 8 EVENING LEDGER PHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1914. EVENING ai&) LEDGER PUBLIC LKDGEK COMPANY OVnt'fl II K. OVRTIS. rnrsiDFAT . John Orihhel. Vice Presidents 0v W Oihs.Srctry: John C. Martin. Treasurer. CM tie H I.uiilngton. Philip S. Collins, John V Wllllsim Oliwtors EDlTOtlTAt. nOUU): Crsrs n. K Ct ti, Chairman. r. tt. wiiAMar ntwutiv iMimr JOHXC MARTIN.. . . . . .Tctonernl llnaine' Manager Published dally at PrM.ie I.fpiier lliUMlng. tndependenco Square, rhlla.lelpnln MtnoKR Cnvriut, Uro.vl and CMMn-it S reel Atlantic Cm prrts-vnton Hijllalng Nr.w Took 170-A. Melo"' ljer OntcAoo SIT Home 'njnrniic' 'iin.umr LoxnoN 8 Waterloo place. Pall Mali. . w IfARBtdnCRO BCRK4D The PofHjl tt"'Jj5g WAMtiMiToi ncRMD The rase J n M w Vork ncntJAU The Tm. NKUainR I.ONM.V HCRtAD 2 Pall Mall tt. s. V. IMnis IltJRgAC A2 Hue Louts 1 Uraml sfBcnipnoN Ttn.M" fly carrier, UAitr Ost-t, six rents. By mall. pnetpald eutslde of Philadelphia, eeept where foreign postapra is requires, daii.t uklt. one mnmu, iwcmy-n.u ,c": - Dailt Ovi.t. one vear. three dollar, lions paable In advance. All mall subsJflp- heu, aooo walnut KCVSTCOE MAIN 3000 their own purposes and are using It as a cloak to hide their delinquencies nnd to con ceal their moral malfeasance, tt means a willingness, even a promise, to place the pub lic weal above the exigencies of party Bervlce. Doctor Brumbaugh, by word and notion. Is seeking to disassociate himself na much as possible from t'cnroselsm. Mr. Penrose commands a machine quite aa Inimical to the success of the democratic experiment In America as militarism Is to freedom and liberty In Kurope. Itolh are autocratic, both destructive of the Oner per ceptions, both grasping nnd vengeful. And Penroselsm, In addition, Is corrupt; noto riously so. Heller no protection and no cus toms houses whatever than to secure them through such an Instrumentality. Mr. Penrose In tho minority Is worth noth ing to Pennsylvania In Washington. His election would Inhibit his being again In the majority. When tho Republican control the Senate they will not be Hepubllenns of the Foraker and Ponrose type. PASSED BY THE CENSOR C7" AdHrrsi alt communication to Evtnlto htdger, Itidtptndrnce Sauntr, rhUailpMa. rrucATios hadr at tub rim.itEMiuv roitorrlCB ron ENTRT S BCOP-CM MVIL HITTER. rniLAtiELPiiiA, rvcsiu,sr.tnMtnKH is, iii -t Why the Evening Ledger Fights I'eurosc THE lamentable condition which render it Impossible for a paper believing In Re publican principles to support the Republican nominee for the Senate must likewise be sufficiently grave to make his defeat a public necessity. If the record of Mr. Penrose absolutely forbids support of him by a fespeotablo newspaper, quite obviously a decent regard for tho welfare of the State and nation requires that newspaper to bring all of Its tnfluonce to bear to cause his defeat. He Is either so objectionable that tho levell ing Ledger must fight him, or he is not objectionable enough to Justify a refusal to Indorse him. Middle ground for a newspaper In such on exigency Is cowardly. In fact, tho Evening Ledger is not only confronted with a para mount duty, but with a splendid opportunity for service. The Independence of Its view point causes It to bo observed by the forces of good government, without respect to party, In all parts of the Union. Men bo llevo, and have a right to believe, that at last there Is in the East a great metropolitan dally which will speak boldly, without fear of Interests, corporate or popular, and stand Irrevocably for good government, no matter under what party banner. Whatever the standing of Penrosetsm In Pennsylvania, It is hated and detested in every other State of tho Union. Nowhero else is thero any attempt to defend It. Tho failure of the Evening Ledger to wage an energetic campaign acalnst It could be Inter preted In but one way. The paper's sin cerity would be questioned. Manufacturers believe that Mr. Penrose will be able to write the next tariff bill If Republicanism Is rehabilitated. That is an erroneous view. So party would dare enact a bill writtpn by Mr. Penrose. A Republican majority In Washington would find some other chairman for the Flnnnce Committee of the Senate. The seniority of Mr. Penrose would not count. Pennsylvania manufacturers misinterpret the signs of the times quite as sadly as did the Southern slave-holders. The election of Mr. Penrose would hamstring the Repub lican campaign in 1916. With Penroselsm ""iH x" neck of tho party, what chance would it have In Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan. Ohio. In any of the pivotal States Quit Talking: Get Busy THE peoplo are for rapid transit. They aro for it in a hurry. Moreover, they Intend to get It. They are tired of tho con stant bickering over minor sums, as It this wcro a poverty-stricken municipality Instead of one of tho most lightly debt-burdened cities of Its class In tho world. They aro disgusted with the altitude that to get rapid transit they must sacrifice other projects. They havo no sympathy with hack-pulling-, hesitant statesmen, who are first, against any appropriation whatever to clear tho way for actual subway construction, and, sec ondly, when threatened by nn uprising of business men In protest, reluctantly consent to provide tho money, but only by taking It away from some other meritorious and nec essary Improvement. The public Is positively nauseated by the provincial vision of men who seem utterly Incapable of comprehend ing tho Imperial future of Philadelphia. Tho United Business Men's Association to night should reject all compromise, It prob ably will. Ortalnly the membership will bo quite unable to appreciate the argument that the city is too poor to relocate spwers and also build an Art Museum for the hous ing of some of the niot valuable art treas ures In the world Tho Finance rommitteo of Councils has put Itself In an utterly untenable position. It can retrieve its reputation only by n square nnd fair reversion of policy. Thnt Is what It Is exported to do and what the busi ness men of this community should Insist It must do. EVERY time Israel Znngn ill's name ap pcars In print, Georgo C. Tyler, who pro duced "The Garden of Allah," lays In a new supply of sackcloth and nshes and oxclnlms "Mca culpa; mea maxima culpa!" And Inci dentally, he says unholy things about n cer tain e-drnmatlc critic now a resident of Philadelphia. It nil happened In the days When Tyler hud Just turned tho financial cor ner with "The Christian." The dramatic road had been full of hard sledding, nnd his first big success had Increased his bank ac count to man's size. Then, Into the verdant and unsophisticated life of Tyler crept that nefarious ctltlc. In the latter's behalf It may be said that he has reformed now and Is try ing to live down his critical past. At any rate, the critic hud jut read fcang u ill's "Children of the Ghetto," then newly published. I 'nil of misplaced enthusiasm he went to Tyler and urged him to have It dramatized nnd produced. Tyler "bit," and ns subsequent evotits proved was bitten, for when the piny closed after a while, Tyler's nforc-mentloned bank account had been de creased by some $20,oiX. AIIOUT the onlT thing In which jTames Gordon Bennett, owner nnd editor of the New York Herald, not to mention the Paris edition and the New Voik livening Telegram, showed hesitation, una In matrimony. It took him T3 yearn to get married: It never took him "3 seconds to reach any other decision. In fact, his precipitancy has been notorious on two continents. This Is best exemplified by a happening one Thursday morning. Without warning, the Xew York ofllce received a cable dispatch from Paris, signed with the usual "Rennett," ordering tho suspension of the Evening Telegram. There wafl no reason given, and, as Rennett's word is law, no one asked for an explanation. Tho staff was dismissed and then there came another dispatch to resume the publication. Since then the Evening Telegram has be come Bennett's best paying pioperty. r I it - I ff njn i II TK "' ill .I which showed so plainly In 1912 that they are through nnd done with tho methods of Pen rose, Foraker and that class of men? It is well understood that tho Democracy would view a Penroso triumph with a light heart, being convinced that It marked a sure freo trade victory in 1916. The Evening Ledger owes a duty to the nation. It must conscientiously work for the rehabilitation of Republicanism. That can only be brought about by tho defeat of Pen rose. His elimination is necessary to purify the party, to persuade the nation that it is purified. It is a medicine which tho true friends of the Republican party will insist on Its taking. There Is but one position for the E'cnins Ledger to take. It must declare, as tho con ditions prove, that this is a moral issue. The economic principles of Mr. Palmer it cannot Indorse, but his political morality it can ap plaud. As between a man of high principle and another man whoso political record indi cates no principle at all, it must stand for the former. A tariff la but or.e of many things on which a Senator votes On other things Mr. Palmer Is sound. A political revo lution so great ns to give a chance for a new tariff would bo great enough surely to assure a. majority in the Senate without tha aid of one Pennsylvania vote. Oliver in still there: and the loss of one voto which the defeat of Mr. Penrose would entail, might readily mean the gain of five or ten votes i from other States, which otherwise would , not aend Republican Senators to Washington. I So far as local interest Is concerned, in all his years in Washington, for Philadelphia Mr. Penrose has done practically nothing. The Delaware has been neglected. the customhouse Is a disgrace and the posioftlco is little bet ter. The freight of the nation haa flowed by Philadelphia and on to New Tork. It should have stopped here. It will when tho Gov ernment, State and national, does as much for the port aa has been done for Netw Tork. But while Mr. Penrose controls affairs there will he no difference, His interests are all In one direction. The Evening Ledger loyally proves Its Re publicanism by its support of Mr. Brum baugh. It demonstrates Its allegiance to national Republicanism and good government by calling on the voters to prove that Pen. roseism Is not Republicanism, by showing that his defeat 1b a prerequisite to th sue. ' cess of the party in the nation, by support ing Mr. Palmer, not because, but In plt, of his tariff views. Advocates of good government can Justly say. "If the Evening Ledger is not f.,r us it Is against us"; but not to be against Mr. Penrose is to be for him The political machinery that he directs flourishes in dark ness. Pilence is tho support it craves. A newspaper that acquiesces now in the elc, tiun of the Organization's head cannot with any power fight against tha Organisation itself in the approaching municipal eleetlons. There can be no neutrality when its method are before the electorate Mr Penrose must be defeated, and it is legitimate mj right to use the only instrument that Is available fop that purpose. The Evening Ledger is an Independent Re publican newspaper. What docs "Inde pendent" in this connection mean other than a purpose to save the party from itself when octaeioit demand? It oonnoten an Intention to support only th"e party candidates who are wortbN li imrh' s a d, lermn jti.in to rejes m'" wh have prustltued the party to Democracy Tf the Kai-cr Win? T IS not merely to gain favor in this coun try through American fondness for the name "democracy" that Count von Rerns torff nnd other German are prophesying an accelerated advancement of the democratic principle, ns. a result of the present war. In the Empire of the Knleer Mind you. they aro not predicting thp downfall of the Km- ' plre. like those who assort thnt only through I such a disaster can democracy prosper They ' see plainly that, whether or not the Imperial I banners shall wave In final victory, the ! triumph of democracy is already In prop j res. Such n triumph is not of necessity broucht ahnut by violent revolution, nnd. moreover, the thing that n people Is slowest and most reluctant to 'hange, or suffer to be changed, Is Its form of government The story of triumphant political democ racy i a story of accumulated constitutions and chnrters, grants nnd bestowals. Usually the possessor of the power desired by the people has parted with them grudgingly, sometimes only ns the result of coercion: but offer they have been transferred as gifts of gratitude or rewards for service. It will be exceedingly strange if the sen lee of the Ger man people to the Fatherland In this crisis is not rewarded, and Count von Bernstorff, who is in a position to speak with some au thority, says that it will ho. That the Issue, in tholr minds. Is not autocracy versus de mocracy is abundantly proved by the atti tude of the Socialists in the Reichstag and tho country at large, for In Germany the Socialists are the representatives of political democracy. The Germans are fighting for their country, not for a new form of goven monr. nnd when nil classe In a nation will ingly bear heavy burdens for tho same patri otic cause there is bound to be. in victory as in defeat, a stronger sense of Independence, and flnalb a larger measure of political equality German democracy wins, which ever way the winds of war may blow. In England the cause of popular liberty was mnrvelously advanced, without coercion, during the reign of the greatest absolutist among the Angevins, Henry II, and, as Dr. Frederick A. Cleveland sa In his book on "Organized Pemoeracy." it has frequently fared better under a monorchy than under a democratic form of government. THE next time some Rrltish friend reminds you that lynehings take place only in the United States, ask him or her If he or she has ever heard of an historic lynching In Edinburgh. The reply will most likely be "no," yet .loltn Porteous was hanged by a mob In lTSfi, and the ontre populace was delighted beyond words. Porteous was cap tain of the guard and was known or his wanton cruelty. In a street riot lie had forced his men to fire Into the crowd, seven being killed and more than 0 Injured. He wns placed on trial for murder and found guilty. A reprieve was granted nnd Porteous was placed In the Tolbonth. On September 7 a mi formed, tooU the keys from the jailer, set all the prisoners free and dragged Porteous to a tree and hnnged him, after first torturing him. Give Every Child a Fighting Clianco ORE than H.oim public school children fj. in Philadelphia over lu per cent, of this year's enrolment will have to be con tent with half- or part-ttme sehoollng this year. This condition of affairs has been chronic for some time and is not only dis. graceful but indefensible It is full of dan ger for the community and for the children themselves, and should be remedied at once The same condition, only In an aggravated form, exists all over tho United States. Of the JKf.OOO.OOO children of school age, only about E0 per cent, attend school fur even half tha year. In Philadelphia fully 15,000 children who graduate eaoh year from the public schools are forced into the "blind alley" of industrial Ufa and recruit the ranks of the unemployed, dependent and delinquent clagsea. Tho firm basis of a Republic Is tha educa tion, tho thorough education of its oitisens. This means a seat In school, at full time, for every chltd of school age- In Philadelphia particularly, a eity of homes, there can be no satisfactory excuse for inadequate school facilities. As ait Ambassador, It appears a. Rustem Bey is an incomparable conversationalist. It is difficult to understand how the dor. man arroy can h flying from Prance when It has been reported that both its wings wero crushed Tb "War liars o Reform'' comes bat to the eity today. The Mayur U reporuxl to he is eseelUnt health and ready to take UP the cudgels in behalf at gaaQ government with renewed vigor. Food prices in Philadelphia, aside from, tha important item of meat, are tower than in any other city of corresponding size In America. Luscious raspberries, which are almost unobtainable In New York, may be had here fT 7 cents a box Cantaloupes are retailing at 5 cents here and 10 cents In New York. And so on, DURING the last strike of the cloak and suitmakers In this city, thero came an Influx of gunmen from New York city real "bad men" of the "on t-'em-altve" type. Stories "f their prowess and fire-eating pro pensities were spread broadcast to scare away strike-breakers until Detective Isaacs, of the Central office, appeared on the scene. Single-handed he marched up to the three leaders of the gunmen. Taking one in his good right hand and another In his equally good left, he bumped their heads together with precision nnd force. Then he took tho precious trio to Broad Street Station, put them nbonrd a New York express nnd told them politely nnd all that, hut sternly never theless, thnt it would be wise to "beat It" before real trouble ensued. Slnco then Philadelphia has been free from gunmen, and the Philadelphia police force hns a reputation among New York gangsters of being brutal in the extreme Impolite, In fact. ALL ye housewives who mako your hus xi. bands get up early theso chill mornings to light the kitchen fire, take note thnt tho man who Invented the kitchen rnnge ns con stituted at present was one Benjamin Frank lin, a native of Philadelphia and Fald to have been intimately connected with certain inci dents of our Revolution Franklin first In vented a stove to burn bituminous coal which consumed Its own smoke, having a downward draft. Later, ho devised another design, which had a basket grate and mnv nble bars at the top nnd bottom supported on n pivot. Tho top would be filled with kindling, then th basket would bo Inverted nnd the fire would burn at tho base. The Franklin stove Is still In use In many parts of the United States, although thorn have been hundreds of Improvements nnd modifi cations. BIG oaks from tiny acorns grow, even to the extent of developing into a reigning house llko the llnpnburgs Away back, hid den In the mists of history, a Count Rudolf von Kapsburg wns riding toward a stream at which stood a monk, unable to cross. Ho told tho Count that ho was on his way to shrive a dying man and the Count lent his horse that he might continue on his errand of tneroy. The nest day tho monk returned the horse. God forbid." esclalmed tho Count, "that I should ever ride a horse that has carried the Saviour to a dying man," and ho pre tented the animal to tho Church. In the course of time, tho monk became chaplain to the Prince Elector of Mainz. A new Emperor was" to be chosen nnd the for mer monk suggested the name of Rudolf von Hapsburg. And so It came about that Ru dolf was chosen Emporor of tha Holy Roman Rmplre, the precursor of poor Fmnz Josef. Ttt'o bojs near Media found a pot of beau tiful green paint and a brush They also discovered that their fathers horso was ft dirty white. Ho they started to paint It green- When they had finished the tail and una hind leg, father catne upon the 6cone. "lloys." he said, "as you appear to havo a penchant fur art. you muy paint tho plchot fence around the old homestead green: both sides. mtPd you, and no play until you are done." That is why the hoys have decided to ho. come desperadoes or reporters or something similarly dreadful BHAPFOUD. cuhiqsitv SHOP jjnt all notious Ij the t-uinrary. history does rereat Itself waslonally. and from the disry of John tivclyn. tv .ontemporary of gam. ui Pepys. tola appeals proved- Under date of July 15, U, lively n wrote: "Tto public was aw in great consternation on the late plot and conspiracy; Ills Majgsty ery melancholy, and not stirring without double gugrds; all the avenues and private doors about Whitehall and the park shut up, few admitted to walk in It. "The Turks were likewise in hostility against the German Emperor, ulmoat masters of the Upper Hungary, and drawing toward Vienna, On the other side the French King (-who it Is believed brought In the infidels) disturbing his Spanish and Dutch neighbors, having swal lowed tip almost all Flanders, pursuing his ambition of a fifth universal monarchy! and all this blood nnd disorder in Christendom had evidently its rise from our defections at home, In a wanton peace, minding nothing but luxury, ambition, and to procure money for our vices. To this and our Irrellglon and atheism, great Ingratitude and self-interest: the apostney of some, nnd the suffering the French to grow so great, and tho Hollanders so weak. In a word, we were wanton, mad, and surfeiting with pros perity: every moment unsettling the old foun dations, and never constant to anything. The Lord In mercy nvert tho sad omen, and that we do not provoke Him tilt He bear It no longer! "This summer did we suffer twenty French mcn-o'.wnr to pass our channel toward the sound, to help the Danes against the Swedes, who had abandoned tho French Interest, we not having ready sufficient to guard our coasts, or take cognizance of what they did: though the nation never had more or a better navy, yot the sea had never so slender a fleet." On .luly 1!, 16D, Evelyn wrote In his diary: "The Mnrshnl de Schomberg went now as gen eral townrd Ireland, to the relief of London derry. Our flcot lay before Brest. The Con federates passing the Rhine, besiege Bonn and Mnyence, to obtain a passage Into France., A groat victory gotten by tho Muscovites, taking nnd burning Perecop. A new rebel against tho Turks threatens the destruction of thnt tyranny. All Europe In arms against France, and hardly to be found In history so universal a face of war." IN A SPIRIT OF HUMOR On the Just and tho Unjust Knlcker They are looking for a war tax that will fall equally on every one. Bocker Then tax the rain. New Tork Sun. Morning Sun! From a short poem entitled "Daybreak," by Prof. George Herbert Clarke: "Sun! Sun! Sun! Sun! ..... Sun! Sun! Sun! Sun!" Sounds like a prejudiced newsboy. A Pulling Story The Texan pulled the dentist's bell, The dentist pulled him In, Tho Texan pulled his jaws apart, And bade the Doc begin. The dentist pulled his forceps from His care to pull the tooth, And then he pulled the wrong one out: He was a careless youth. Tho Texan pulled himself upon His feet and pulled a gun; An officer then pulled them both, His name was Sergeant Dunn. Dunn pulled a tip from each and o'er The judge's oyos pulled wool: They both pulled out without a fine, For Dunn posbes.ed a pull. New York Ttlcgraph. A Dual Alliance A Michigan paper announces the marrlnge of Kathryn Cannon and William Popp, We hope that so bang-up a wedding will not be fol lowed by a state of war. Compensation If It Is true, ns our business philosophers tell us, that "those who never do moro than they get paid for, never get paid for moro than they do,' then It is quite clear that If you want to get paid for more thnn you do, you must do more than you get paid for. Even a philoso pher ought to eee how Impossible thnt Is, but, of course, the true philosopher cannot be ex pected to hesitate over a mere Impossibility. Life. A Grave Mistake From the first chapter of the Belgian Com mission's romance of Gorman deviltry: "On August 1?, after tho battle of Hnelen, Colonel &n Damme, commander of a Belgian regiment, was lying wounded on the battlefield. Sevoral German soldiers found him, and placing their revolvers against his mouth, blew his head off." For this barbarity, at least, there Is tho ver best of evidence. The ora clous Commissioners have an affidavit fiom Colonel vnn Damme himself. Baltimore American. A Question of Ownership Alkali Ike And so Slippery Sam died with his hoots on. eh? Broncho Bill No, he died with my boots on, That's how he como to die Boston Transcript. Takiii;: No Chances l "IJlhun yonder tella mo he trusts his wife Implicitly and absolutely, but" won:" "Well, I should notice ho carries hi3 change nnd his fishhooks loose In tho samo pocket." Judiie Tlie Hap))' Parmer The shades of night wcro falling fast When up the fence, row blithely passed, Through cieosoto and I'ails green. These grim trespassers on the sitene: One nrmy worm, Ouo chinch bus, One Hessian fly. One cut worm. Advancing each before Its kind, They gave the v.-lggte-wag' behind. And answering with buss ami whizz, Their trusty troops Invaded via.: One uheatfield. One field of oats, One cornfield. Ope potato patch. The fanner slumbered in his bad While pleasant fancies roamed Wa head, And dreamed of getting ftfUr Ult A 'few ferm luxuries, to tvltt One automobile. One lighting plant. One trector. One 6ilo. Rut where the etiing sun hail sliant tjf opulence remained n bone, Otean-picUcd as frost denudes the Iresa, And what tho fanner had were thee: One sale. One trip to a new farming country. One trip baek asaln, One start all jver. Wall Street Journal, The Railroads and Vafhinpton There Is no possible doubt that in many In stances the tax (the proposed tax on freight traffic) collected from the shipper will reach the ultlmatt consumer as a double market price of the nrtlcles so taxed; there Is no possible doubt that In all Instances it will mean final costs very much higher than thv r now. New York Press. DONE IN PHILADELPHIA NOW that Baltimore has had its Star-Spangled Banner celebration, In commemoration of tho 100th anniversary of tho writing of Key's Immortal song, let us glance n moment at Phila delphia's eharo In popularizing that anthem. Whenever a song achieves enormous popu larity there usually appears on the untroubled waters a controversy that Is carried over from one generation to another. Bo It has been with Key's song, which, tike Hopklnson's "Hall, Columbia!" did not originally bear the title by which It Is now known to countless millions. The controversy In this lnstnnco, however, does not reflect upon Francis Scott Key, but rnges around tho Identity of tho composer of the music. Llko many nnothcr controversy of similar chnracter, this one has been settled a good many times to tho satisfaction of some of the disputants; nevertheless, there seems to be a good deal needed to entirely clear the atmosphere. A Phlladclphlan. too, has engaged In this entertnlnlng occupation, but It Is not nbout him that t want to chat today. It was In tho pages of a Philadelphia maga zine, tho Analectlc, which In Its time was the foremost monthly In this country, nnd not sur passed by any In London, that Key's poem first received a printed form that might bo called permanent. At that time, also. It still was unnamed. Key wrote his poem, ns Is very well known, while he was on n British ship that was en gaged in the bombardment of Fort Mcllenry In September, 1S1I. It Is dcscrlptlvo of his thoughts nnd feelings, aroused as they were to n high pitch of patriotism, and when ho returned to Baltimore after tho unsuccessful bombaidment he gnvo tho manuscript to a friend, who soon had It put In typo In one of the Baltimore newspaper offices. It was entitled "Tho Defense of Fort Mc llenry," but even this rather wenk title for so lusty a song could not destroy Its Influence It wns by all odds the best poem produced during the War of 1S12. and, as usual, Key did not know that ho was doing the best thing of Its kind over penned. Genius nearly always falls to recognize Itself. Some one has to place the wreath of fame on their brow before they understand, Tho poem was printed In nearly every news paper of the time as soon ns It came to tho editor's hand. But when tho editor of tho Analectlc. at that time Washington Irving, saw the poem In the newspapers, he did tho best ho could to bestow tho wreath, He placed It at the head of the poetry In tho November number of the Analectlc, 1S1I, nnd introduced It with a description of the circum stances under which It wns written. At tho same time ho wrote that It was fnr too valu able a piece of verse to permit to be lost. Thus it como nbout thnt the first literary recognition of tho Star-Spangled Banner came from a Philadelphia magazine. But there Is another chapter to this. The first man to sing the Star-Spangled Ban ner also was a Philadelphia and his descend ants have aroused a grent deal of controversy because of one slight remark he made about tho circumstances of this first public singing of the Immortal song. To be exnet, there wns not one who snng tho song first, but two, the brothers, Chnrles nnd Ferdinand Purnng. There young men, who wero the sons of a performer In tho old Chest nut Street Theatre, also were connected with tho theatrical profession. Charles Durang was a dancing master here for years nnd wrote a history of the Philadelphia theatres. Both of tho Durangs enlisted In the Harriaburg Blues when there was a call for volunteers to repel the British, who were going strong in the neighborhood of tho Chesapeake. They wore In camp near Baltimore nnd stationed nt Fell's Point. They were In Baltimore soon after the at tack on tho fort nnd there were handed a copy of tlie poem. Now, heio Is where, the con troversy begins. According to Charles Durang's version of this event, ho read over tho song nnd Fnld to his brother, "This would mako n good national pong." And thereupon ho began to search for a piece of music that would fit the words, lie said that he went through his trunk nnd pulled forth a well-known song, then very popular, entitled, "To Anacreon In Heaven,"' and de rided that It was Just tho thing. Of course, the words did fit. They fitted to a nicety, bcraut-p evidently Key hud the meter of tho drinking souk In his head nt the tlmo he wrote. It was not the first time the same music hail been used to tho woids of nn Amer ican patriotic song, Thero was "Adams and Liberty," written by Robert Trent I'aiuo II years prnvlouslj. and at this time widely known. It Is probahlo that Key knew It better than ho did tho original "To Anaercon In Heaven." which wns nn Kngli3h song sung by the Anne, reontli- Society, which hn thought was the nlr to which his song ehnuld bo sung. Yot. on tho strength of that remark about finding a pleco of music to fit. somo attempts have been made to belittle Durnng'.i version of how tho song was first sum; In public. It hi well lo reniembur thnt tho.se who would deny Durum; tho honor ho claims for hlnihelf and brother hnvo not attempted to designate any nthor nlncn or cIi-L-iimsinnra ,m,i ...i.. ..,.. M.IMU, , (It'll I the hong flrht received its public prenontatlan. I lu his valuable treatlso on our so-called na'. I tlonal songs Sir, Sonneek, uf tho Library of Congress, el von a list of inoie. than to books, artlrlos and other mntorlal that reror to the' history of that nuo gong. .Mr. ;-oIu.cU.,, boo; was printed five cara ago. and I believe ho would now bo compelled to even dLtiblo t10 length of hU list. Aa to tho ical authorship of ihe music, tho rosult of the -various controversies thus for hns been to oven further obseuro the point Tho Rev. Dr. 11. T. Henry, president of the Cathollo High Schuoi for Hoys, nnd Or. urat. tan Flood lmo been tngagrd in one of the most elaborate controversies nbout tho nriin of tho air of tho .star.spamsleil Banner tlint I line 1'flf Illicit II OOBil nH. ,.., , ..v-.. ...,s..i.. Bre regarded highly as authorities on general hynmology, but q far as I can glean from their ni tides the ques. lion of the authorship of the tune in still on debatable, ground. Thsio Is a, Bicat deal of literature yet to be rlttsu snout Key's littlo poem, which ho wrote un tlie barf; of an emelore, TUB TALISMAN lcnry Van I)jl;0 in ihjjy,,,!,,, What is Foituue. what is Funm? Futile sold and phantom name, lllclurs hurltd In a cave, aiory written on a srave. What Is Friendship? Something i!m That the heart can spend and fercn; Wealth that greater while yp give, Pralso that heartens us to Hye, Come, my friend, and it us prove Life's true talisman Is loyef By this charm we shall elude Poverty and sglitude. The Hague, ISlt VAST VOLCANIC CHAIN LINKED COASTS OF U. 8. Geologic Proof That In Prehistoric .nines America occineu With Actiy. Craters from tho Atlantic t0 L Pacific. That tho completion of tho Panama Caan should bo signalized by the bursting forth tt .. ... .,., ,., ao ln lne Un).,, States-was aa startling as it wns unxptcil4 says M. C, Frederick, In the Boston Transcript To those familiar with the geology 0f t tnetnn frt.i., Unn..,AM ,u. .. ,... .. ' i vw., ..v,,.u,v., Wla iiiamicstation occi. slons no surprise. It Is a strnnge story geologists tell , . the California const-that ages ago Its rnoun tain peaks, mere reefs in a great cxpansa oi sea, rose to such a height that Santa Batbati Channel was a vast valley, over which doufcu less roamed the elephant, camol, lion, saber! toothed tiger and other animals whose foj,i remains are scattered over the country nj some of which are found on tho Islands, Then the land again sank beneath the sea and again nroso, nnd marine fossils are found In abun. nance niong me enoro nna on the mountain tops many miles from sea. Imagine the mr. prlso of the old gold hunters to find tb skeleton of a whale nt an elevation of a thou, sand feet and two hundred miles Inland. And ages ago, as we havo seen, the land alt) had Its baptism of flro. Badlatlng from mlddM California In separate streams, scientists tell us, tho lava flowing north became a flood, burying tho smaller Inequalities and cnclrcllni tho larger, until It covered the greater portion of northern California, northwestern Nevada, nearly alt of Oregon, Washington and Idaho, and reached far Into Montana and British Columbia. Arizona nnd New Mexico were alto Involved. Tho Columbia Itlver cuts through lava three or four thousand feet thick, nnd la a cut ln the Deschutes nlvcr thirty successive sheets of lava may be counted. But that was many thousands of years ago, being at Its height In the Miocene petloi Since then activity In tho United States hai gradually diminished until It practically ceased within the Inst few centuries, wllh occasional belated manifestations, ns at present. Dvcn In historic times there hns evidently been a marked diminution of such phenomena on our Western coast. Spanish explorer! expressed tho belief thnt thero wcro volcanoei ln tho coast rnnge of Southern California. Thh may not have been so entirely Imaginative ai Is generally supposed. In tho desert enst of Dnggett lava beds and craters have beert reported, of so recent a formation thnt som believe them to be not more than I0O years old. For some time after the settlement of Santa Barbara there wan a "volcano" on the sea shore, either the genuine article or burning petroleum. At the time of the earthquakes of 1312 a new volcano wns reported back of Pine Mountain. An old geography of 1S15 calmly remarks that "California li a wild and nlmost unknown land. In the Interior are volcanoes and vail plains of shifting buows, which iimotlmei shoot columns to great height. This would seem near Incredible were It not for the well authenticated accounts of travelers." The entire region of Yellowstone Para, Wyoming, was In remarkable volcanic activity nt a comparatively late geological period, and the llnarerlng phenomena still produced consti tutes the most remarknble series of natural wonders of any equnl nren of the globe. There Is also n smnll geyyor region, of n hundred or two boiling geyterr., with their accompaniment of sulphur, salts nnd alkalis, In the mountain! of central California. In time, no doubt, the Pacific const will become ns settled ns the Atlantic side, which In early geological times, we me told, appar ently had outbursts on a grnnder scale than anything known In historic times, for example, the enormous floods of lavas which with tufas nnd sandstones form tho eopper-benrlng scrlcj of Lake Superior, which have a thickness of thousands of feet. Tho const of Maine, the rci.'lnn of Boston, the Connecticut Valley, the Palisade of tl " Hud son, through Pcnnsylvnira. nnd cl.-e'vhere. show traces of ancient volcnnle n.-tlen and the snme may be snid of m.-inv countries of Kuropo where volcanic life Is imw e-.tlnct Alaska. Mexico mid Pouth Ameilcn still show mo 10 or less volcanic nctlvlty. but in nil the known -world there Is but one Strnmb.ill i-i the Mediterranean, which has been en-i.-tantly discharging Invn for more thnn two tlwusand years. THE IDEALIST Due to tho grace of tloil limit of ns are whole limbed. Do you know- what It realh means to '" able to walk along with nur lpgs doing their full duty, with full-giown nnd uulmpsiied arrat ... l..l,, I., hnrmniii' vtMi Villi!' .llrillC W It n ill,.,,,. I.... ,,'. tj -.- eves seeing every passing thing, w th e ir li"' lnt: all sounds'.' You will not know until "u ."' ''"'l'1 V'J ' one uf them. Thos of us who are wholc-llmlx.,1 li" wd'1 nut In our rhnnces. Thnre vvli.i .He i"'t h1 lost. And the most matter-of-fact " ' lMrlh v III admit thnt life does tontnln n hug" 'Ir'" of chance, A crippled tiinn-n bright, cbeei-rul c'n,-onrt pave the reaiui fur hli extienie and .ii'imi" tlnto of happlneus. His iepl made -'n-nger men of his hearers. "Because ill f my friends ne.it i ' "" of themselves. They offr me no ieiets. winch, after nil, are tnelrss. They never i,m t ' m' misfortune They tnlk rreely with n' " were as well equipped physically as " of them." There is the secret One of ouisetve"' fti"1 of It when rude Instinct prompt. n " it at a crippl'i paEslug you on the street There exists among most folk wh. ha om" deprived of a partial use of their bodies a tl degree of sensitiveness with respect t a dis cussion of their particular ailment. Tie s.ignt est mention of the topic often sends the mini of such a one. Into a seabon of brooding Under tills comes tho too frequent etendm of sympathy, the too much offered hand w help, Note how your unfortunate fnend " proud to do things which you were nut a' )io could do. Suffering humanity needs all the help "" l" give. But do not forget that In extending helf ;i mental attitude must be taken into ,oi.idrs lion, us well as a plosical defk-lino Do not permit your helping effort t mpn' Size the pll6lca gulf between iu and tie- oM you help. TUB H'BU-lST 'l'io Wastes of Peace The war has (nought Into a wbitei lis"1 ,lia11 SVfr the Immense wusto that guea on ' ' eminent lu times of peace. Congress uI play a high card by looking this qui""11 (3ir ' In the faco now, when world-wide conuniy the watchwoid. Mlnneapollb Journal. ,u;da'l Of Course Van Shortbllt-Ah! Now conicss' '" ou llko to be a man? JJljj Swift Of course) Wouldn t ou?-JulJ; V v-iH iIjj a njfc III I'll I "lllll ll'WSH
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers