KsBSSS
mmii'mmm
mmmiAaiiMSi.
SIWaSnBIMIltlUlMtY WUK
m
JMSHnMK
s
EVENING LEDGEEPHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1914.
EVENING OAi LEDGER
PUBLIC LKIJGblt COMPANY
OYHVS II. It Ct'nTIS, I'nr.stPKiT.
.John tlrlbbcl. VlcePreldtit; 0o.W Ochs, Secretary:
V,?h.T c- MM In. Treasurer, rharlM It. I.udingten,
Philip B. Collins, John II. Williams Directors
nUITOUIAl, BOAIU) :
Cmcs It. K. Prims. Chairman.
'. It. tVltALKr., LL. .1.1. t:ecutl Editor
JOHN C. MAI1TIN. . . ..... . . Cteneral Hulns Manager
t'ublUhed daily at Pernio t.rMrn IlulMlns,
IndCrendenro Square. Philadelphia.
l.KtKir.n Cc.NTint. .....llrond anil Chestnut Strata
Ath.ntic Our I'mi-Unlnit nulMlns
Nnw Your: 17H-A. Metropolitan Towor
Ctllctao a)T Homo Insurinco HiilMIng
I.0.NM1N 8 Waterloo Place. Pall Mall. a. W.
nuws nunn.vf H :
JlAnatancnrt tJritnu- Tim I'ct'rlnt Tiulldlng
WARitrsiiTo.v UtiiMt .. . , Tti I'nit nulldltm
Nkw Yomc Iltnut) The TMri KulMlnjr
linnt.tN nrnuif 0 I'rleilrtrlntraMo
bn.NnoN llttinit' C Tall Mall i:t. a W.
Paris llcmuv ft2 lluo Louis le Grand
sriur.ntnioN terms
Hj; carrier. Dittt Ost.r. Mc renls, lly mall, poelpald I
ouiniue m rniiaueipiiia. etcept tvnoro tor'iim poitag
M required, Init.V ONit. nn month, twentv-no cent'!
Pailt O.Ntt. one year, three dollars. All mall luWNp
tlona payable In nilvanco.
llhM, .loot) WALM.T
t
KfASTONKMAIN 300(1
reject mon who have prostituted tho party to
their own purposes and oro Using It us a
cloak to hide their delinquencies and to con
ceal their moral malfeasance. H means a
willingness, even a promise, to place the pub
lic weal above the exigencies of party
service. Doctor Brumbaugh, by word and
action, Is seeking to disassociate himself as
much as posslblo from Penroselsm.
Mr. Penrose commands a machine quite as
Inimical to tho success of the democratic
experiment In America, as militarism Is to
freedom and liberty In Kuropc, Both arc
nutocrntio, both destructive of the finer per
ceptions', both grasping: and vengeful. And
Penroselsm, In addition, Is corrupt! noto
riously so. Bettor no protection and no cus
toms houses whatever than to eccuro them
through such an Instrumentality.
Mr. Penrose In the minority Is worth noth
ing to Pennsylvania In Washington. Ills
election would Inhibit his being again In tho
majority. When the liepuhllcniiH control the
Penate they will not bo Republicans of tho
Foraker and Penrose typo.
PASSED BY THE CENSOR
, f" Address till commtintctiffolM la Cvenlni?
-1 !! '"dr,fd,n-r ..,mir, I'ltllodt'.phiit.
ArrucATiuN miiiu at Tim fiitt.AnEi.ruiA rosTori-icB ron
B.STIlt AH rifMl-t LA4 sun UAiirn.
riniAur.i.i'iiiA.itKsi)vi.sEnn.Miii:it 1.1, ton
-
!7
m
V
?mL
r it
1 L
m
f.
M
Wiiy the Evening Ledger Fights Penrose
T1IK lumentnble conditions which render It
impossible for a paper believing in Be
publican principles to support the llepnbllcan
nominee for tho Senate must likewise be
HUillcicntly grave- to make his defeat u public
necessity. If tho record of .Mr. Penrose
absolutely forbids support of him by a
respectable newspaper, quite obviously a
decent regard for the welfare of the State
and nation requires that newspaper to bring
all of Its Influence to bear to cause his defeat.
He Is either so objectionable thut the liven
ing Ledger must fight him, or ho Is not
objectionable enough to Justify a refusal to
Indorse him.
Middle ground for a newspaper in such an
exigency is cowardly. In fact, the livening
Lodger is not only confronted with a para
mount duty, but with a splendid opportunity
for service. The Independence of Its view
point causes it to be observed by tho forces
of good government, without respect to
party, in all parts of the Union. Men be
lieve, and have a right to bollevo, that at
lost there is in tho East a great metropolitan
dally which will speak boldly, without fear
of Interests, corporate or popular, and stand
irrevocably for good government, no matter
under what party banner.
"Whatever the scantling of Penroselsm In
Pennsylvania, it is hated and detested In
every other State of the Union. Nowhere
clao Is there any attempt to defend it. The
failure of the Evening Ledger to wage an
energetic campaign against it could bo inter
preted In but one way. The paper's sln
cei'lty would bo questioned.
t Manufacturers believe that Mr. Penrose
will be able to write the next tariff bill i
Republicanism is rehabilitated That is an
erroneous view No party would daro enact
a bill written by Mr. Penrose. A Republican
majority in Washington would And some
other chairman for the finance Committee
of tho Senato The seniority of Mr. Penrose,
would not count.
Pennsylvania manufacturers misinterpret
ithe signs of the times quite as sadly as did
the Southern slave-holders. The election of
Mr. Penrose would hamctring tho Repub
lican campaign in 191G. With Penroselsm
around the neck of the party, what chanco
would it have in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa,
Michigan, Ohio, in any of the pivotal States
which showed so plainly In 1912 that thoy are
through and done with the methods of Pen
rose, Foraker and that cluss of men? It Is
well understood that tho Democracy would
view a Penrose triumph with a light heart,
, bslns convinced that It marked a sure froo
trade victory In 191U.
The Evening Ledger owes a duty to the
nation. It must conscientiously work for the
rehabilitation of Republicanism. That can
only be brought about by the defeat of Pen
rose. Ills elimination is necessary to purify
tno party, to persuade the nation that it Is
purified. It U u medicine which the true
friends of the Republican party will insist on
its tuklng.
Thoro is but ouo position for the Evening
Ledger to take. It must declure, as the con
ditions prove, that title Is u moral isnue. The
economic principle f Mr. Palmer it cannot
indorse, but bis political morality it can ap
plaud. As between a man of high principle
antl another man whose political record indi
cates no principle at all, It must stand for
tho former. A tariff is but one of many
things on which a Senator votes. On other
things Mr. Palmur is sound. A political revo
lution so great as to glv a chunee for u now
tariff would be great enough iiuiely to assure
u majority In tho Senate without tho uid
of ono Pennsylvania vote Oliver x still
there: and tho loss of one vota vshich the
defeat of Mr. Penrose would tntail, might
readily mean tho gain of five or ten votes
from other States, uli.ch oth'TWine would
not send Republican Senators lu Washington
So far as local inter i u concerned, in all
lits years in Washington, for Philadelphia
Mr. Penrose ha done pra tially i.uthinK- The
Delaware has been neglerteU, the custom house
Is a dWgruce and the postutllce i lml bet
ter. The freight of the nation has Honed hv
Philadelphia and on to N-w York. It should
havo stopped htie. It uill when the ov
eminent, Ktutu and national, dues as much
for tne port us lias b.-n done for New VorU.
Hut while Mr. Penrue controls affair there
will be no difference, Ills Interests are all
in one direction.
The Evening Ledger loyally proven its Re
publlcanism by Its support of Mr. lirura
baugn. li demonstrates Its allegiance to
national Republicanism and gouj government
by calling on the vutera to rruve that Pon
rosetsm is not Republicanism, by knowing
that his defeat Is a prerequisite to the sue.
cess, of iho party In tho nation, by support
ing Mr- Palmer, not because, but in spite, of
his tariff views.
Advocates uf good government con justly
say, '"If the Rvenlng Ledger la not for us it
Is against ut' but not to bb against Mr
Penrose is to be for him. The political
machinery that he directs llouriuhes in dark
ness. Silence Is the support It craves. A
newspaper that aciuiece now In tho elec
tlqn of the Organization's head cannot with
any power fight against the Organization
itself in the approaching municipal election.
There can be no neutrality when Its methods
are before the electorate. Mr. Pennxso must
be defeated, and It Is legitimate and right to
use the only Instrument that Is available for
thjit purpoc.
i Tfee Evening Ledr is an Independent Re-
Vblican newspaper What diet Inrte-
tfkdeut ' In this connection mean other than
urpoe to sae the party from itself when
' islon demands' It connote an Intention
upport ot.ly those slty candidates who
'Sra. deli
worthy It 'mpl'"!
determination to
Quit Tiilking: Get lhisy
THE pcoplo are for rapid transit. They
are for It lu a hurry. Moreover, they
intend to get It. They nro tired of the con
stant bickering over minor sums, ns If this
wero a poverty-stricken municipality instead
of one of tho most lightly debt-burdened
cities of Its class In tho world. They nro
disgusted with tho attitude that to get rapid
transit they must sacrifice other projects.
They have no sympathy with back-pulling,
hesitant statesmen, who are first, ngalnst
any appropriation whatever to clear the way
for actual hubwuy construction, and, sec
ondly, when threatened by an uprising of
business mon In protest, reluctantly consent
to provide the money: but only by taking It
away from some other meritorious and nec
essary Improvement. The public Is positively
nauseated by the provincial vision of men
who seem utterly incapable of comprehend
ing the imperial future of Philadelphia.
Tho United Uuslness Men's Association to
night should reject all compromise. It prob
ably will Certninly the membership will bo
quite unable to appreciate the argument
that tho city is too poor to relocate sewers
and also build an Art Museum for the hous
ing of some of the most valuable art treas
ures In tho world.
The Finance Committee of Councils has
put itself In an utterly untenable position.
It can retrieve its reputation only by a
square and fair reversion of policy. That Is
what It is expected to do and what the busi
ness men of this community should Insist It
must do.
Democracy If the KaNer Win
IT IS not merely to gain favor In this coun
try through American fondness for the
name "democracy" that Count von Uerns
torff and other Qermnns are prophesying an
accelerated advancement of tho democrnt'c
principle, ns n reult of the present war. In
tho Empire of the Kaler Mind you, thev
are not predicting the downfall of the Em
pire, like those who assert that only through
suh n d nster enn domoernce prrwpe- Thry
see plainly that, whether or not the Imperial
banners shall wave in fl-.'al victory, the
triumph of democracy Is already in prog
rcf. Such a triumph Is not o' necessity
brotisht about by violent revolution, and.
moreover the thing that a people is slrnvest
and most reluctant to change, or "tifffr to
be changed. Is its form of government
The story of tilumphant political democ
racy Is a story of accumulated constltuti' ns
and charters, grants nnd bestowals. Usually
the possessor of the power desired by the
people has parted with them grudgingly,
sometimes only as the result of coercion; but
often they have been transferred as gifts of
gratitude or reward- for sej-vi-e. It will bo
exceedingly strange if the hen ion of the Ger
man people to the Fatherland in this crisis
is not rewarded, and Count von Bernstorff.
who Is In a position id j-p.-ak with some au
thority, says thut It will bo. That tho Issue,
lu their minds, is not autocracy versus de
mocracy In abundantly proved by tho attl
tudo of the .Socialist- In the Reichstag and
the country at large, for in Clermany tho
Socialists are the repr Miiiaiivt-s of political
democracy. Tbu Germans are lighting tor
their country, not for .t new roim of goven
ment, nnd when all cluwse In a nation will
ingly bear heavy burdens for the fume patri
otic cause there is bound to be, in ietury ns
in defeat, a stronger suite of Inderendunco,
and flnully a larger mtaeure of political
equality. German democracy wins, which
ever way the winds of war may blow.
In England the cause of popular liberty
was marvelously advanced, without coercion,
during the reign of the grfatet absolutist
among the Angavlns, Henry II, and, as Dr.
Frederick A. Cleveland says in his book on
"OrsaJilzod Democracy," it has frequently
fared better under a monarchy thun under a
democrats form of government.
Give Every Child n Fighting Glinnew
"AyT ru than H,00 public ccbool children
IVJL in Philadelphia otr Pi per ept. of
this eur'rt enrolment will have to be con
tent with half- or part-time sehooling thin
year. This condition uf affairs has been
chronic for some time and n not only dis
graceful but indefensible. It is full of dan
ger for the community and for tin. chtldron
themsfelvefc, and shouKl bn remedied at once.
Tho same condition, only in an aggravated
form, exists all over tho United States. Of
tho lio.ooo.uoo children of school ago, only
i-bout to per .ent. attend school for even
half the year.
In Philadelphia fully is.ooo eiuldien who
graduate each year from the public schools
are forced Into the "blind ulloy" of industrial
lifo und recruit the ranks of the unemployed,
dependent and delinquent elm..
The firm basis of u Republic U the educa
iton, tho thorough education of its cltlzbns..
This means a scat In school, at full time, for
every child of school nge. In Philadelphia
particularly, a city of homes, there can uo
no satisfactory excuse for Inadequate school
facilities.
A? an Ambassador, It appears A. ttustem
Rey is an incomparable conversationalist.
It Is dtfJlcult to understand how tho Uer
man army can I Hying from Franco when
It has been reported tliat both Us wings uoro
crush!.
The. "War Horse of RelnrnV' cumes hgcl;
to the city tu4'- The .Mayor Is renjortert. tu
be In excellent health and ready to take up
the cudgels In behalf of good government
with rnewl vigor.
Food price In Philadelphia, afcide fiom tha
Important item of meat, are lower than In
en othei city of corresponding sue in
America Luscious raspberries, which are
almost unobtainable in New York, may bo
had here for 3 cents a box. Cantaloupes are
retailing at 0 cents here and 10 cents In New
Yorlf. Ami an ni,
-- . my wm. -va
fmJ
F ,
EVERY time Israel Zangwlll's name ap
pears In print, George C. Tyler, who pro
duced "The Garden of Allah," lays In a new
supply of sackcloth and nehes nnd exclaims
"Mea culpa; moa maxima culpa!" And Inci
dentally, ho says unholy things about a ccr
tnln ox-dramatic critic now n resident of
Philadelphia. It nil happened In the days
when Tyler had Just turned the financial cor
ner with "The Christian." The dramatic
roiul had been full of hard sledding, and his
first big stircess had Increased his bank ac
count to man's size. Then, Into the verdant
nnd unsophisticated life of Tyler crept that
nefarious critic. In the hitter's behalf It may
be said that ho has reformed now niul Is try
ing to live down his critical past.
At nny rate, tho critic liml Just read Zatig
wlliv "Children of the Ghetto." then newly
published, Full of misplaced enthusiasm ho
went to Tyler and urged hint to havo It
dramatized and produced. Tyler "bit," and
its subsequent events proved was bitten, for
when tho piny closed after n while, Tyler's
nfore-incntionod bank account had been do-
creased by some $20,000.
ABuUT the only thing In which James
Gordon Tionnett, owner and editor of the
Now Yotk Herald, not to mention the Paris
edition and tho New York Evening TeleRram,
showed hesitation, was In matrimony. It
took him 73 years to get married; It never
took him 73 seconds to reach any other
decision. In fact, his precipitancy has been
notorious on two continents This Is bist
exemplified by n happening one Thursday
morning. Without warning, the New York
otllco received a cable dispatch from Pars
signed with the usual "Dennett," ordering the
suspension of tbe Evening Telegram. There
wns no reason given and as Uennett's word
Is law, no one asked for an explanation. The
staff was dismissed and then there camo
nnothcr dispatch to resume the publication.
Sinco then tho Evening Telegrnm has be
come Bennett's best pnvlng property.
THE next time some British friend reminds
ou that lynchlngs take place only In tho
United States, nsk him or her If ho or she
has ever heard of an historic lynching In
Edinburgh. Tho reply will most likely bo
"no," yet John Portoous was hanged by a
mob In 1736, and the entire populaco was
delighted beyond words. Porteous was cap
tain of the guard nnd wns known for his
wanton cruelty. In n street riot he had
forced his men to lire Into the crowd, seven
being killed and more than 10 Injured, He
was placed on trial for muider and found
guilty. A reprieve wns granted and Porteous
was placed In the Tolbooth. On September
7 a mob formpd, took the keys from the
jailer, set nil the prisoners fre and dragged
Porteous to a tree and hanged him, after
first torturing him.
DURING the last strike of the cloak and
suit-makers In this city, thoro came an
inlittx of gunmen from New York city real
"bad men" of the "cat-'em-allve" type
Stories of their prowess and llro-eatlng pro
pensities wero spread broadcast to s.cnrc
away strike-breakers until Detective Isaacs,
of the Central Otllco, appeared on tho scene.
Single-handed he marched up to the three
leaders of the gunmen. Taking ono in his
good right hand and another In his equally
good left, he bumped their heads together
with precision and force. Then he took tho
pteclous trio to llrond Street Station, put
them nbcard n New York express and told
them politely nnd all that, but sternly never
theless, that it would be wise to "beat it"
before real trouble ensued.
Since then Philadelphia has been free from
gunmen, and the Philadelphia police force
has o reputation among Now York gangsters
of being brutal In the extreme Impolite, In
fact.
A..L ; e housewives who make your hus
bands get up early these chill mornings
to light the kitchen II ri , take note that the
man who invented the kitchen range as con
stituted at present, was one Benjamin Frnnk
lln, n native of Philadelphia and said to havo
been Intimately connected with certain Inci
dents of our Revolution. 1'ianklin fltst in
vented h stove to burn bituminous coal
which consumed Its own smoke, having a
downward drutt. Later, be devised another
design, whlth had a basket grate and mov
able bars at the top and bottom supported
on a pivot. Tho top would bo filled with
kindling, then the basket would bo Inverted
and the fire would burn nt the base. The
Franklin Move t? still In use In many parts
of the Unlt'd States, although there havo
been hundreds of improvements and modifications.
BIG oaks from tiny acorns grow, even to
the extent of developing Into a reigning
house like the Hapsburgs. Away back, hid
den in the mists of history, a Count Rudolf
von llnpsburg was riding toward a stream
at which stood u monk, tinnblo to cross. Ho
told the Count that he was on his way to
shrive a dying man and the Count lent his
horse that he mlvht continue on Ills errand
of mercy. The next day the monk returned
tho horse.
'Cod forbid," txUalmed the Count, "that
I should ever ride, a liorso that ha.i carried
tho Saviour to a dying man," and ho pre
sented tho animal in the Church.
In the course of time, the moult became
chaplain to the prince Elector of Maine. A
new Emperor was- to be chosen mid the for
mer monk siiguesteij the naiiu of Rudolf von
Ilapsburg- And so It cuine about that Ru
dolf was chototn Kniperor of the Holy Roman
Umpire, th precursor of Poor I'rnna Josef.
TWO boa near MediuJotind a, pot of beau
tiful green paint and it brush. They also
discovered that their futher's horte was a
dirty white. So they utarted to paint It
green- When they had finished the tail and
one hind leg. futher came upon the scene.
'Roys," he said, "as you appear to have a
penchant for art, you may paint tho picket
fonco around the old homestead green; both
sides, mind you. and no play until you are
4one."
Thnt U why the boys have decided to be
come desperadoes or reporters or something
similarly dreadful. HRADFORp.
CURIOSITY SHOP
EtttplU all notions to the egntrar), history
dots repeat Itself occasionally, and from tha
diary of John Evein, a contemporary of Sjsra
uel Pepys. thU appears proved. Vndr date of
July 15. US?, Evelyn wrote:
"The public was now in ersat consternation
en the tete plot and conspiracy; Ills Majesty
very melancholy, and not stirring without
double giisid; all the avenuca and prlvuU
riuoig about V luMisll and the park eliut up,
few aclmilttii lu walk n it
"The Turks weie likeutse in uustil.i) against
the German Etnpeior almost masters of the
Upper Hungary nd drawing toward Vienna.
On the other 14 the Trench King 'who It Is
i
believed brought In the Infidels) disturbing hlfl
Spanish nnd Dutch neighbors, having swal
lowed up almost nil Flanders, pursuing his
ambition of a fifth universal monarchy! nnd
nil this blood nnd disorder In Christendom had
evidently Its rise from our defections at home,
lit a wanton porcc, minding nothing but luxury,
ambition, ahd to procure money for our vices.
To this and our lrrellglon and nthclsm, great
Ingratttudo ntnl sclf-lntcrcatf the npostney of
some, nnd the suffering the French to grow so
great, nnd the Hollanders so wenk, In a word,
we wero wanton, mnd, and surfeiting with pros
perity: every moment unsettling the old foun
dations, and never constnnt to anything. The
Lord In mercy avert th6 sml omen, and that
wo do not Provoke Him till Ho bear It no
longerl
"This summer tlld wo suffer twenty French
meti-o'.war to piibb our channel toward the
sound, to help tho Danes against the Swedes,
who had abandoned the French Interest, wo not
having ready flufllclont to guard our coasts, or
take cognizance of what they did; though the
nntlon novcr had more or a better navy, yet
the sea had never so slender n fleet."
On July 19, 16Sf, Evelyn wrote In his diary:
"The Mnrshnl do Schombcrg went now ns gen
eral toward Ireland, to tho relief of London
derry. Our fleet lay before Brest. Tho Con
federates passing tho Rhine, brslego Bonn nnd
Mnjence, to obtain a passago Into France. A
grcnt victory gotten by the Muscovites, taking
nnd burning Terccop. A new rebel against tho
Turks threatens the destruction of that tyranny.
All Europo In nrnn against France, and hardly
to be found In history so universal a face of
war."
IN A SPIRIT OF HUMOR
On the Just nnd the Unjust
Knlcker They nro looking for a war tax that
will fall equally on every one.
Docker Then tax the rain. New York Sun.
Morning Sun!
From a short poem entitled "Daybreak," by
Prof. George Herbert Clarke:
"Sunt Sun! Sun: Sunt
Sunt
Sunt Sunt Sun!"
Sounds like a prejudiced newsboy.
A Pulling Story
The Texan pulled the dentist's bell,
The dentist pulled him In,
The Texan pulled his Jaws apart,
And bade tho Doc begin.
The dentist pulled his forceps from
His case to pull tho tooth,
And then ho pulled the wiong ono out;
He was a careless youth.
The Texan pulled himself upon
Ills feet and pulled a gun;
An oftlcer then pulled them both,
Ills name wns Sergeant Dunn.
Dunn pulled n tip from cnth and o'er
The Judge's ecs pulled wool;
They both pulled out without a fine,
For Dunn possessed a pull.
New York Telegraph.
A Dual Alliance
A Michigan paper announces the niarrhigo of
Knthryn Cannon and Wllllnm Popp. Wo hope
that fo bang-up a wedding will not be fol
lowed by n stute of war,
Compensation
If It Is true, as our business philosopheis tell
us, thnt "those who never do more than they
get paid for, never get paid for more than they
do." then It Is quite clear that If you want to
get paid for nioro than you do, you must do
more than you set pnld for. Kven a philoso
pher ought to see bow Impossible thut Is-, but,
of course, tho true philosopher cannot bo ex
pected to heslutc over u nieto Impossibility.
Life.
A Grave Mistake
Flout the lirst chapter of the Belgian Com
mission's loinance of Ueiman deviltry:
'On August 12, alter tho battle of lliielon,
Colonel van Damme, commander of a Belgian
regimtjiil, was lying wounded on tho bnttletlold.
Several Gcrmun soldiers found him,
anil placing their revolve! s against his mouth,
blow hLs head off." For this barbarity, at least,
tlier? Is tho very best of evidence, Tho vera
cious Commissioners have an nltldavlt from
Colonel van Damme himself. Baltimore Amer-Iian.
A Question of Ownership
Alkali Ike And so Slippery Sam died with
his boots on, eh?
Broncho Bill No, he died with my boots on.
That's how ho camo to die. Boston Transctlpt.
Taking No Chance
"Bllson yonder tolls mo ho trusts his wlfo
Implicitly und absolutely, hut"
"Well:"
"Woll, I should notice he cat lies his chiingo
nnd his fishhooks loose lu tho same pocket,"
Juast
'flic Happy Furmer
The shades of night wero falllns fast
When up the fence iow blithely passed,
Through creosote ni.d Paris groeu,
These grim trespassers on the scan:
Ono army worm,
One chinch hug,
One Hessian lly,
Ono cut worm.
Advancing each before Us kind,
They gave tho wlggle.ung lxihjnf.
And answering with bil?z and Wife:.
Their trusty troops Invmled yg.t
Quo wheutfleld.
One Held of ot.
One cornfield.
One potato p3tch.
The farmer slumbered In his bcjl
While pleasant fancies reamed h.( llCSdj
And dreamed of getting after felt
A few farm luxuries, to wit;
Quo automobile,
Ono lighting plant,
One tractor,
One silo.
Hut whero th setting suu had ahou
Of opulence remained a bone,
C!tanpicked as frost denudes the lrcis.
And what the farmer had were those;
On sale,
Ono trip to a now farmlnsr country,
One trip back again,
One start all over.
-Wall Street Journal.
The Railroads ami Wtuliiuatou
Tbere is 1W possible doubt thut in many In
stances the Mx (the proposed tax on freight
traffic) collected from the shipper will reach
the ultimate consumer as a double market
price of the articles sq taxed; there Is no
pcoslble doubt that In all Instances It will mean
final costs very much higher than they are
now--ew joik i-ress.
DONE IN PHILADELPHIA
NOW thnt Baltimore has had Us Star-Span-glcd
Banner celebration, In commemoration
of tho 100th anniversary of tho writing of Koy's
Immortal song, let us glance a momont at Phila
delphia's share In popularizing that anthem.
Whenever a song achieves enormous popu
larity there usually appears on tho untroubled
waters a controversy that Is carried over from
one generation to nnothcr. So It has been
with Key's song, which, llko Hopklnson's "Hall,
Columblat" did not originally boar the tltlo by
which It Is now known to countless millions.
The controversy In this Instance, however,
does not rcllect upon Francis Scott Key, but
rages around the Identity 'of tho composer of
the music. Llko many nnothcr controversy of
slmllnr character, this ono has been settled a
good many times to tho satisfaction of some
of tho disputants; nevertheless, there scema
to be it good deal needed to entirely clear the
atmosphere. A Phlladelphlan, too, has engaged
In this entertaining occupation, but It Is not
nbout 111 m that I want to chat today.
It was In tho pages of a Philadelphia mngn
zlne, tho Analcctlc, which In Its time was the
foremost monthly In this country, and not sur
passed by nny lu London, that Key's poem
first received a pt luted form that might be
called permanent. At that time, also, It still
was unnamed.
Key wroto his poem, as Is very well known,
while he was on a British ship that wns en
gaged In tha bombardment of Fort Mcllenry
In September, 1814. It Is descriptive of his
thoughts and feelings, aroused as they wero
to u high pitch of patriotism, and when ho
returned to Baltimore aftor tho unsuccessful
bombardment he gave tho mnnuscrlpt to a
friend, who soon had It put In typo In ono of
tho Baltlmoro newspaper ofllces.
It was entitled "The Dofcnso of Fort Mo
Henry," but oven this rather weak title for
so lusty a song could not destroy Its Influence.
It was by nil odds tho best poem produced
during the Wnr of 1812, and, as usual, Key
did not know thnt ho was doing tho best thing
of Its kind ever panned. Genius nonrly always
falls to recognize Itself. Somo ono has to place
tha wreath of fame on their brow beforo thoy
understand.
Tho poem wns printed In nearly every news
paper of the tlmo as soon as It came to tho
editor's hand. But when the editor of tho
Analcctlc. nt that time Washington Irving,
saw tho poem In the newspnpers, he did tho
best bo could to bestow tho wreath.
Ho placed It at the head of the poetry In tho
November numbor of tho Analcctlc, 1S14, and
Introduced It with n description of the circum
stances under which It was written. At tho
same time he wrote that It was far too valu
able a piece of verso to permit to bo lost,
Thus It camo about that the first literary
recognition of the Stnr-Spangled Banner camo
from a Philadelphia magazine.
But there Is nnothcr chapter to this.
The first man to sing the Stnt -Spangled Ban
ner also was a Philadelphia, and his descend
ants havo aroused a great deal of controversy
because of one flight remark he made nbout
tho circumstances of this first public singing
of tho Immortal song.
To bo exact, there was not ono who sang tho
song first; but two, tho brothers, Clmrles and
Ferdinand Durang. These young men, who
wcto the sons of a performer In tho old Chest
nut Street Theatre, also wero connected with
tho theatrical profession. Charles Durnng wns
a dancing muster hero for years and wroto a
history of tho Philadelphia theatres. Both of
tho Durnngs enlisted in the Hnrrlnburg Blues
when there wns a call for volunteers to repel
tho British, who were going strong In the
neighborhood of tho Chesapeake. They wero
In enmp near Baltlmoro and stationed at Fell's
Point.
They wero in Baltimore soon after the at
tack on the fort and there wero handed a copy
of tho poem. Now, hero Is whero the con
troversy begins.
According to Chniles Durang's vetslon of this
event, he rend over tho song and said to his
brother, "This would make a good national
song." And thereupon ho began to search for
a piece of music that would nt tho words. Ho
said that he went through his tiunk nnd pulled
forth n well-known song, then very popular,
entitled, "To Anueroon In Heaven,"' and de
eldud that It was just tho thing.
Of course, the words did fit. They fitted to
a nicety, because evidently Key had the meter
of tho drinking song hi his bend at tho time
ho wioto. It was not the first time the same
music hud been used to the words of an Amer
ican patilotle song. Thoro wus "Adams and
Liberty," written by Itobert Treat Paine it
years previously, and at this time widely known.
It Is probable that Key knew it better than he
did tho original "To Amicreon In Heaven."
which was an L'nRllsh song sung by the Anac.
reonlio .Society, which he thought wns the nlr
to which hN bong chould be sung.
Yet, on the strength of that teniark about
finding a piece of music to fit, some uttempts
have been inuite to bollttlo Durang's version of
how the song wus first sung In public.
It Is well to remember thnt those who would
deny Dm.uig tho honor ho cUlms for himself
nnd brother havo not attempted to designate
any other- place or circumstance under wlileh
tho song llrst received its publlo presentation.
lu lils valuable treatise on our so-culled na
tlgivil tongs Mr. Sonncck, of the Library of
Congress, ghes a list of moio than to books
articles and other material that refer to the
history of that ono song. Mr. "onneclfs boon
was printed live years ago, anil I believe ho
would now bo compelled to even deubje tho
length of his list.
As to the eal authorship of the muyle. tho
lesult of the various controversies tims f0r lma
been tu oven further obsetiru tho point.
Tho Itev. Dr. II. T. Ilrmy, president '.,f the
Catholic High School for Buys, nnd Dr. drat,
ton Flood havo been engaged in one f the
most elaborate, contioverslcs about tho origin
of the nlr of tho Star-spangled Banner that
lias yet been waged. Both are regarded highly
ns. authorities on general hymiiology. ,t J,
far as I can glean from their articles the quea,
lion of tho authorship of the tune is still on
debatable ground. ' "" n
There is a great deal of literature yot to bo
written about Key's little povn). wWp,
wi tlie back of an envelope. s
(UlANYJhUl
VAST VOLCANIC CHAIN
LINKED COASTS OF U. S.
Geologic Proof Thnt In Prehistoric
Times America Seethed With Activo
Craters from the Atlantic to tho
Pacific.
That the completion of tho Panama Canal
should bo signalized by tho bursting forth of
a volcano tho only live one In tho Unltod
Slates was as startling as It was unexpected
says M. C. Frederick, hi tho Boston Transctlpt'
To thoso familiar with tho geology 0f lh
Pacific coast, howover, tho manifestation occa
sions no surprise,
It Is a strango story geologists tell us 0f
the California coast that agos ago Its moun
Ualn peaks, mcro reefs In a great expanse of
sea, roso to such a holght that Santa Barbara.
Channel was a vast valley, over which doubt
less roamed the olcphnnt, camel, lion, sabtr
toothed tiger nnd other animals whoso fosiu
remains nre scattered over the country ttni
soma of which nro found on tho Islands, Then
the land again sank beneath the Bca n.agaln
arose, nnd marlno fossils nro found In abun
dance along the shoro and on the mountain
tops many miles from sen, Imagine the snr.
prlso of the old gold hunters to find thi
skclotott of a whale nt an elevation of n thou,
sand feet and two hundred miles Inland.
And nges ngo, as wo have seen, tho land also
had Its baptism of fire. Itadlatlng from initials
California In separate stroams, scientists tell
ui, the lava flowing north becamo a flood,
burying the smaller Inequalities and encircling
the larger, until It covered tho greater portion
of northern California, northwestern Nevada,
nearly nil of Oregon, Washington nnd Idaho,
and reached far Into Montana and British
Columbia. Arizona nnd New Mexico were nlo
Involved. Tho Columbia Illvcr cuts through
lava thrco or four thousand feet thick, and In
a cut In the Deschutes Itlvcr thirty successive
sheets of lava may be counted.
But that was many thousands of years ago,
being at Its height In tho Mloccno period.
Since thon activity In tho United States has
gradually diminished until It practically ceased
within the Inst few centuries, with occasional
belated manifestations, ns at present.
Even In historic times there has evidently
been n marked diminution of such phenomena
on our Western coast. Spanish explorers
nxprcsred tho belief that there wero volcanoes
In the coast rango of Southorn California. Thlj
may not havo been so entirely Imaginative as
Is generally supposed. In tho desert east of
Daggett lava beils and craters havo beeir
reported, of so recent a formation that s .n
believe them to be not mote than 200 years old.
For some tlmo after the settlement of Santa
Bnrbara there was a "volcano" on the sea
shore, either tho gonulno article or burning
petroleum. At tho tlmo of the earthquakes of
1012 a now volcano was reported back of Pins
Mountain.
An old geography of 1S13 calmly remarks that
"California Is a wild und almost unknown land.
In the Interior nro volcanoes and vast
plains of shifting snows, which sometimes
shoot columns to great height. This would
seem near Incredible were It not for the well
authenticated accounts of travelers."
The entire region of Yellowstone rnrlt,
Wyoming, wns In remarkable volcanic activity
at a comparatively Into geological period, and
tho lingering phenomena still produced consti
tutes tho mo.it remarkable series of natural
wonders of nny equal nrca of the globe There
Is also a small goyscr region, of a hundred or
two boiling geysers, with their accompaniment
of sulphur, salts nnd nlknlls, In the mountains
of central California.
In time, no doubt, the Pacific coast will
become ns settled ns tho Atlantic side, which
In early geologlcnl times, we nre told, appar
ently had outbursts on a grander scale than
nnythlmr known in historic times, for example,
tho enormous Hoods of lavas which with tufas
and sandstones form tho copper-bearing scries
of Lake Superior, which have a thtckn-'ss of
thousands of feet.
The coast of Maine, tho rcqlou of Boston the
Connecticut Valley, tho Palisade of tie' Hud
son, through Pennsylvania, nnd cist where,
show traces of ancient volcanic action, and
the same may be snlil of many cotintrli s of
Europe where volcanic life is now tvtliut.
Alaska, Mexico nnd South America still tovr
moio or less volcunlc activity, but In .ill the
known world theie Is but one StrombJli m 'he
Mediterranean, which has bei n count nitty
discharging lava for more than two thousand
years.
I
Till? IDEALIST
liuo to the grace of Ood most of u- are
whole limbed.
Do you know wliut It really means to .i''ls
to walk along with your legs doing tie n full
duty, with full-grown und tinlmpnlie.l tnm'
swinging In harmony with your striile with
ees seeing every passing thing, with ears bear
ing all sounds?
You will nut know until you are depiivt ol
ono of them.
Those of us who nro whole-limbed ba i
out In our chances. Thoso who ure ii"' iuV
lust. And the most in.itter-of.fuet men o iith
will admit that life docs contuln a bug. J'."1
of chance.
A crippled mmi-n blight, cheerful dm -en
P.ivo the teuton fur his extreme and cki ti'uieJ
'.b-er
Ills reply mude
THK TAMSJIAN
Henry Vdiinktiu,iloOM,!ojiIi
W'tol Is Fortune, !! U Iamo
fulile gold una phantom name,
lliolics, bulled In Cave,
Glory written on a grave.
Wha$ U Friendship! Spnatjjjng. deen
That the he-rt en spend aTk4pf
Acalt.. tl.ut kiMton, ull, , ft
Prulte tu.it hiartens us to lUe.
Vorre, m friend. un1 in lu low.
Life s trua tslisman u ine'
By this charm w0 shall elude
Povrf-ty and solitude .
The Hafu, uu fl
btate of happiness.
men of Ids hearers.
"Because ill of my friends tie.it i.i. - "
of themselvt . They uffer in? no icireti '
fior nil. ao useless. They nevi i nfo i l"sr
misfortune. They talk freely with m. '- ' '
wero ns vll equipped lhj bU-all u ""
of them."
There is tke secret-One of oursdvt--' l ' "k
of It when rude instinct prompts j..u t iw"
Ht n cripple pausing you on the stint
There estuts umong most folk who iu i"1"1
drprlved uf u partial use of tin lr both. . i'ih
degree of sensitiveness with reMp, . t t. u J"
LUSstou of their narticiilnr nllin.-nt T:. - nt-
est mention of the tuple often sends !! ""1
of such a "no inlo n season of bioi.ili
I'ndur this 'omes the too fioiueut ' "ni
of syinmuhv. tho too much offend ' of '
help, N'ote how your unfortiin.it. f 1 1 i "
pruua to do thlns which uu weie n t '
ho could do.
Suffering humanity needs all the hcln B
Slve. But do not forget that in extii.i J l'rl
a mental attitude must be taken Into . ".. U fs
tlfln, as well as a phyeleul dwiil-in
liu pot permit your helping eiToi is i " "'','
size tho phjsleal gulf between ou ao.i ! J,,e
you help. TU1.. h,j.;ubt
The Wastes of 1'e.u-o
'file wr lias brought Into a whiles iiy-n '",l1
ever ths Immeiin wutto thut guia on su'
einment In tunes ol inute 'uhki.- w-ii '
play .i high euril l,v looklmr ibis on, ,. .n '
in the face now. uben ttoiM-iwue t.o
i!" watchword -Jllnr.,lJO'. jt.IJr.,i
., -if ' '. Mfc ,. .
nuimr .. - i i in n imi mur i aju i i -j . inm , " i r
Of Course
Van Ahoitbiu-Ah' Nuw cootiss'
you like to be a man''
Miss Swlft-Of com! u'....i
i "- -
S&baJPA:,
1 I
JlW"