THE LANCASTER INTELLIGENCE&
PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY BY
G. SNIT"( de CO.
G. SMITH. A. J. STEINMAN.
TERMS—TWO Dollars per annum payable
In all cases In advance.
THE LANCASTER DAILY INTELLTTRICER le
pnblisbed 5
per u el u 'er l y n e a v d e v n a i n .
evening, e eel Led. at
•
OFFICE--SorrawasT CORNEr. OF CENTRE
QUARK.
Vottry.
=1:12
Oh, I lints beloved, who shouldht have been Mille
Servilely 111.1/11l I nil and wise and strong.
Consoh, whom ITIV life lulls never known,
How. havel Inlssed t bee, seek log thee alone
All my life long?
Somewhere opal 1111• wide and misty irark
I ..tra)t..l Intl not wait 101 .
Arid Faust always loom, my hitter lack
hi. on t lils weary road we go not sack.
(VOL is me!
(ine,, with aunty 6urJcurd 114.mrl and !II 1111,
none to aid or understand
I low I linvi•Urnp.•d wl Lit learn, alone at),L blind
111 Ihl thlol: 41,1'11111,5, 14.Tiglug but to Ilticl
Thy 11,.1pr111 Lund
For I Ir:Ilevo that I.vl. IS doubly armed
Ag.onsi all W.S, .111
OM hipr.. through pain :Intl suffering ULM
-11,111.1
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SWCeti•l• 111•0:111,• IWII II:III 11 VE•il 111,0111
(till otter truth.
T 111•11 I lily rlml ills 'which Farr .. vont,
\V111 . 1,,, Itil 1./111.11111'11•Klivaris,t.isha ...
.11,..11
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An Essay on Newspapers
It,lore 1111• I.l.Morin! Am•orloi lot
01 1 . 4.0....y1v00i1. I,y .1. 1,0110, Itlog
o silt, of 1•111111111rIgokia.
LerdieN nu,l (:r :
hi rising In alitin.S..Voll, I feel that tw,,
of the greatest difficulties involved in
That undertaking—knowing where to
begin :ml where to cud—are intensified
by the fit (hat I ant to talk of news
papers to :in atidietler composed
With (110 that they can each say
newspaperilian : of it I saw, and
part vf it Inns.
The question Was :1,1,11 a few years
ago, in the Ifritish Parliament, what a
newspaper is, and, in the absence of a
precise legal explanation, it was an
swered by the statement, that the terni
carried with lithe best explanation of its
mettiiingair,in other \ ror i k, that,
tows
paper must be and is a 11 , S raper. The
postal lawsof the Hailed Stales are more
explicit. Theyileclare it to be any print
ed publication issued in flotilla con
sisting of not more than two sheets, and
published at short stated intervals of not
more than one month, conveying in
telligence of passing events. Publishers
may look with the greatest favor upon
columns adorned With advertisements ;
politicians may read with the deepest
interest stinging editorials, telling how
the country is to lie saved, or how it is
to be lost.; lovers of light literature may
regale themselves with poetry or tales
—but the staple, indispensable, mill
universal featu r e of these publications
must still be sought in their prompt
dissemination of every important lite
seriplion eurreffi intelligence. Tili•
is based 011 1 his tilt•Ory. It W:1,41110
derived, as has been (.011 . 11'ClIII . CII,
1110 initial letters of the points of the
compass, but from the word 111•W', used
in its p re sent sense in the English lan
guage longbefore the first English news
paper was printed ; while the German
Zcitany has the similar meaning of tid
ings, and the I taliall WO! Spallish
Mt leas I iii• still Ilion. COIII
- ;Old appropllal,
I iOll Ica , tiry lIVWS." Same
Wits ilaVe tutu Wirktti v . 111111211 to Sag
ryst that the 11;11(311 WOI.II !RC, (ii de
ived from , Illy:Ming a Magpie
chatterer ; but tilts idea ilas, at best,
very slight couinlation, and it is , ot
eoni,e, unworthy (4 an instatit•s eon
skier:aim' in an Editorial convention.
Whales-el' eke in
con section With 111•WripapOrS, they must
contain al l ahtllldallee ul titles. I t haul
better be [roe true enough, if possible,
to justify the traditional confidence of
those who believe everything they see
in print hut tam tainly true enough to
avoid the adoption, in this country, Of a
phrase formerly common in ( ierniany,
that descrioed the worst form of false
hood, by saying " it lies like print."
The Chinese are said to have a printed
newspaper which is now nearly a thou-
Sand, yCal'S ; bat it is 110 W, and
always has been, made tip exclusively.
Id such news as the court wishes to
communicate to the people—being a
sort of Heathen Chinee compendium of
associated press despatches, adapted to
latitude of Pekin instead of the atmo
sphere of Washington. This journal
begun its existence as a purely official
budget, c and, in the land where nearly
everything has been invented and
nothing has been improved, it remains
a. mere official budget still. •
The Germans were the first European
people to print current intelligence or
to discuss current questions; but eves
among them no such application of
printing is known to have been attempt
ed until near the close of the fit teenth
century ; and the first modern European
approximation to the newspaper was
the gazette issued by the Venetian lie
public a war which it com
menced in. 151;3; but although these
gazettes contained military and com
mercial information, which was read at
a fixed place or places by those who de
sired to learn the news, they were writ
ten and not printed, and continued for
many years to be circulated in manu
script, notwithstanding the recognized
utility and employment of the art of
printing in the production of books.
Singular as is this long-continued avoi
dance in Venice of the use of type
and presses ,for the chief purpose to
which they are now applied, a
similar state of things occurred in Eng
land ; for the people of Great Britain
were principally supplied with such
news as they received, during a hirge
portion of the eventful seventeenth cen
tury, by written; news-letters, rather
than by printed newspapers.
The first European attempts to estab
lish printed and regularly published
newspapers were made nearly simulta
neously, In the early part of the seven-
tx I,lakaotet
VOLUME 72
teenth century, in Germany, France,
and England. The first German news
paper,i II numbered sheets, was printed in
1012. It was called Accountof what has
happened in Germany and Italy, Spain
and France, the East and West Indies,
etc. The first French newspaper was
established at Paris, In 1632, by Renau
dot, a physician famous for his skill in
collecting news to amuse his patients.
The first English newspaper was es
tablished in London, by Nathaniel But
ter, in 1622. This name is frequently
printed Butler, but is repeatedly given
by Timperley as Butter; and this is
most likely correct. His novel venture
was a small quarto of eighteen pages,
called the " Certain News of the Present
Week," and the editor or publisher so
licited subscribers, by the following ad
vertisement at the end of his publication:
"If aoy gentleman, or other accus-
owed to buy the irctilll relations of
newel, be desirous to continue the same,
et them know that the writer, or trau
ecriber rather of thiN MIMS, Lath pub
fished two former 71 , 11 . 1:8, the one dated.
the second, the other the thirteenth of
August, all which do carry a like title,
with the anus of the King of Bohemia
on the utter side of the title-page, and
have dependence one upon another;
which manner of writing and printing
he (loth purpose to continue weekly, by
(;td's assistance, from the best and most
certain intelligence. Farewell, this
twrnly-three of August, 162:'.."
Why liutter selected the arms of the
King of Bohemia as the decoration of
his title-page is not explained. 'l•he
malicious may say that it was heeltle,
he saw, with prophetic vision, that he
was 10 he the fore-runner of an army el .
Bohemians ; but this theory, tee, taus
be indignantly rejected—in an
ditorial Convention.
holler's paper is considered the first
because it WAS the
or publicly proposed to centime, regn
trly. II had heett preceded, however,
a 11111111ml' Or
I Llllllll/11,
II VIIIIOII, cntlnU'ies, two of Nodal re
th•d to the American colonies. tlneof
he latter, printed May :1, 1622, waS II all
d a C•otowat qf ere,,from
ntl other places; anti another, issued
tine 13, 11122, WAS styled A•r u•rc from
Ve Cc. L . /if/fund, by John Itellantie. Al
hough copies or the Engli.sh ,11crctiri ,
II the Itritish Museum, pimporling to be
whited in 1. - eis, and formerly regarded
s the lirst b:ttglish newspapers, are time
ensidered, ou good authority, literary
'orgeries, yet the larger, after all, only
111.1111.teil to reproduce What probalAy
cal real exi,tcuec, fur all Old
writer says that in the days ..1
Pll,ll EliZaheth p:lpers Nvere printed
allltirs iu Franet . , Nl,aili and
11111:1111l, :IS early as 1.)79 a small
:11,1w:trill,. which
re, ,V,w,s, ~ntaiiiing a
shirt .if Stulu•lov anti :\l4.r
Nathaniel Butler contintaal his week
y newspaper Mr several years la•Mre
ival appeared M the .1b r‘,/rifis /:t.iimt
th•as: hut meanwhile he apparently.
royal:v(1 the ire ()I' saute of the Wily ut
tis time, either because the ne‘vsitaiter
lay have seemed to thew likely 11l sup
dant, ill a slight degree, the drama, or
att.:Oise it May have interfered With
=l=
Mrs; for lien Jonson's play, entitled
"The Staple of News," written in 11i25,
:thenipts to ridicule the mode of maim
lacturing IIeWH, and contains passages
wiiich are supposed to be a direct attack
upon the adventurous I hitter, who was
the sole editor of he period, one of
which accuses him of /1/1/11 1.i1,.// over
neWS.
'l'lle exciting contest between the
luritans anti the Cavaliers, which soon
hllowed, anti which finally brought
'Lade~ 1. to the seall'old, lea to the
tublietttion if many neNcs paniplets,
tint to the establishment of a number o
u•ecspapers. It also developed the tio
it lea' organ, awl lace birth to the first
ntlnential political editor in the persot
if Alarelimont Needluttn, who, after
•avagely ttltaelting the king and court
fora b i te, becalm: nit energetic 1.11:1111
pion of:royalty, and subsequently de
serted the king, when his fortunes
waned, to become again an earnest ad
vocate of the party titTromwell and the
Commonwealth. ()iie of his elliusions,
luring the int:it:cal in which he wrott
in the interests of the royalists, was it.
fug lows :
\Vlre n lIS 1 1 .,, nl,nl wet I
A. 6nig ,voutl not contcnt
II l 114 . for sooth , uncg hire the ho di
l'arllanient us.
,1,111 , 11 went King and Itishep ,
,n 1 gees the holy wern. ,
Itelwlsl theta auLl the Itrethern blI w,
'lf' advance the Crosclic and 1:11 . 1:c.
Inn Ichen !Intl, those had rcigu'd :11i111
It.4,lJ'd ,rl, and scdd tho t•rmvil
1. more sort up clittille,
All4l Crush Lhe .lochles
Poll now mu• musa have Penve
1,1 none %,:11 II fon, vt•xl :
1...1.11%1'311mM Ilie 1: Lug those re:gm
lielglk cloWn gut , uk•xt.
But, despite a somewhat extensive
newspaper development in England
during the seventeenth century, which
waS htilllulated by the long war of fac
tions, the repressive laws enacted after
the Itestoration, the subservient severity
of the judges, and the jealous tyranny
of James 11., crushed out utterly all
these early efforts, and at the close of
his reign the sole English newspaper
was a strictly official organ called the
London (I,tz,ilc. It was a servile init
iation of the Chinese newspaper, bein
edited by a clerk of the. Secretary of
State, and containing nothing he did
not wish to communicate.
It seems almost incredible - , but it is
nevertheless true, that more than two
hundred years after Caxton had exer
cised the art of printing in England, her
citizens were still compelled to rely up o n
letter-writers for theirscanty supplies of
genuine news. The result was due not
to any lack or intelligence or enterprise
among the printers, but to the tyranni
cal spirit of the government, and the
inherent difficulties of publishing, reg
ularly, a newspaper which a govern
ment is determined to suppress. Free
dom is a necessity of its existence. 1t
must proclaim the place where it is
printed, - and all the mechanical and
literary labors involved in its prepara
tion must lie 1 , 1±1 . 1. , 111101 with unvarying
promptness; so that, even when arbi
trary governments fail utterly to sup
press free letter-writing and the OCCU
,IOIIaI ImblicaLion ofanonymouspamph
lets, they find no difficulty in suppress
ing ohno.xions newspapers. During the
very century that English kings crush
ed out daring journalism, they Were
frViluently baffled by printers of pamph
lets containing violent and scurrilous
attacks upon their doctrines or their
dynasties; and while James 11. hail de
stroyed all newspapers save his govern
ment organ, his successor found it im
possible to suppress the adverse ballads,
pamphlets, and books of the Jacobites,
which were issued in underground
printing offices, in which precautions
againstmletection and arrest were adopt
ed similar to those used at the present
day 1 printers of counterfeit money.
A it newspapers had once gained a
str ig hold on public favor, however, as
th did in England during the closing
y i
years of the seventeenth and in the
eighteenth century, after a gradual
change in the British constitution pre
vented a resort to purely arbitrary
methods of destroying them in Eng
land, and after they had survived the
stamp tax imposed by Queen Anne, a
long series of battles was waged before
juries, between successive English ad
ministrations and different newspaper
proprietors, until finally, despite many
unjust convictions, the freedom of fair
newspaper cominent on public ques
tions has been firmly established in
England as the result of a series of par
liamentary and legal contests lasting
for more than two centuries.
The home policy of the British gov
ernment during the latter portion of the
seventeenth century was reflected in
this country by the summary suppres
sion of the first newspaper iu America,
and the determined opposition of a cav
alier governor of Virginia to the estab
lishment of a printing press in that col
ony. The Governor of New York, in
1090, graciously caused a reprint of the
London Gazelle, containing the details
of a battle with the French, to be issued,
which was probably the first thing re
sembling a newspaper ever printed in
the present limits of the United States ;
but when Benjamin Harris issued in
Boston, on-the 25th of September, 1690,
a sheet of four small pages, one of which
was blank, containing a record of pass
ing occurrences, foreign and domestic,
the legislative authorities at once pro
hibited future publications of a similar
character, on the ground that it "con
tained reflections of a very high nature,"
and because nothing whatever could be
printed withciut &license previously ob
tained.
As newspapers multiplied in England
after 1690, in consequence of a relaxation
of s'ime of the worst of the old restric
tions, it was natural that the second
newspaper venture in this country, es
pecially as it was issued by an official,
John Campbell, the Postmaster at Bos
ton, should also be tolerated. It was
called the Boston News , Letter ' and the
first number appeared on Monday,
April t 4, 1704. It was printed on half
a sheet of paper, being only about twelve
inches by eight, and was made up in
two pages, with two columns on each
page, and so meagre were its contents,
that it VMS only after publishing a dull
sheet of these contracted dimensions
weekly, for nearly fifteen years, that the
publisher proposed issuing it on a whole
sheet, for the alleged reason that he
found it impossible, with half a sheet a
week, to " Carry on all the Publick
News of Europe." A rival newspaper,
called the Boston rici:ctte was es
tablished in December, 1711, by a
new postm aster, who superseded,
Campbell ; but it was only in the .
fourth newspaper, the Nciv England
('barn,(, established by James Frank
lin, in 17:1I, that signs of live journal
ism in this country were develoyed—
the Conran?, under the management of
James Franklin, assisted by his immor
tal brother Benjamin, the patron saint
and exemplar of American printers—
being the first American newspaper
that gave any signs of vigor or
energy, or that was anything more than
a dry rehash of safe and staple news.—
The Franklin:4 speedily became em-
roiled, not only With their newspaper
iedecessor, l'amploell, but With the
lergy and the civil :itithorities; ad,
awes hying fi,rbidden to continue his
tiblicarion, it was published in the
;tine young Pen, then an apprentice
ill ilk teens, on Ids own ac
count, but really for Ids brother.
The single life of Benjamin Franklin
oractically eilitiriwes 1111 epitome
-Uuericunjournalism from its first estab
lishment until subsequent to the
Revolution. 111 , earliest elPusious ap
siarisl ill the Sp iv ..England 'ourant,
ud ill lii. early 111:111111/1,i hcestitiolished
Philadelphia, the /',liiisgle i oaia (/a
-(lc, which continued ihr a long period
=co
neut. lint it is a noticeable feature of
the condition of the press (luring the last
century, that tiotwithstandinc, the prom
.llll.llte ut Fratil:lin's journal, altli his ex-
re furl of his influence as an editor. lie
-as content to puldish a newspaper,
arely seeking to influence public opiu
mby editorials When he discussed
rave questions, it was generally either
n pamphlets, (Jr in communications,
nd a very large share of the vast Milli-
ence In. exercised was personal, arising
ironi his oilleial pnsitintis, and his (li
rent interenurse ith the leading men of
his [init.
About (Ito outwit , or the last century,
awl,ver, a printer of New York was
ticcesi,fully tleferided iu :1 priisectitiun
. or au alleg(.11 ILLeI , Which colisi,tud Of
trictures upun the existing authori
ies; and this circumstance exerted
t powerful iniltien2e in enfranchising
the whole colonial press—so that it
was comparatively free to perform its
great mission of awakening, strength
ening and consolidating the patriotic
spirit of the American colonies. If
there were comparitively few elabor-
ate editorials, there was an abundance
of pungent paragraphs, a series of in
cessant elforts to promptly apprise the
people of every new form of aggrusion,
and a very general republication of com
munications written by leading patri
ots, and of all telling aitacks upon the
oppressive policy of the mother coun
try. Tory journals, on the other hand
sustained hy goternmeub; patronage,
attempted to Oefii,l lienrge 111., his
Ministers,and Lis l'olonial (lovernors,
and, on a mimic scale, with a limited
number of accessories, and before a
comparatively small but intensely in
terested body of readers, a contest was
conducted, similar in many respects, to
those which now occur during every -
Presidential campaign.
As the war waxed hot and tierce, its
varying fortunes compelled the suspen
sion, in one quarter, of Whig newspa
pers, and in another, of the organs of
Toryism. But of the latter there were
comparatively few, for in this, as in all
similar well-defined contests, the bulk
of the press, instinctively and necessa-
rily, sided with the cause of freedom—
a devotion to popular rights. or what
can with a certain degree of plausibili
ty, be made to appear the interest of a
neople, toeing essential to the life of all
Journals that are not sustained by ofli-
vial patronage. And patriotism:lva.
such a general At tribute of the Ameri
can country printer or the last century .
that Freneau truly described him a.
one Who
In I,ls Limn. the nnlrlnt his town,
With prns, and in allaclik•kl Iho Inyal side;
Ina whit; Ilk. entllk: to pull I In•ir Lton down,
t'lippvtlnt Ills lward,EWltelll'll hiss:l,nd hitle
11l unnn liix logs,
l't 11 t'll NS I iNVI . II.I,iI 111, 01,
one b 1111,1•.
rtnucrd Lc ..burch or Court-I oum•
rt.ad,
From th•ptli of wneds I , IE. nu. nest I, ran
NOW hy apriest, alai no u
w solt• drac..tl
\ IL Atl i., and slats to guard Ilit rights
w:w:
1.41 s from thespndo, 1 ho picknx,or tho plougl
Nittri . hiug :trar to flglit Ititrg•opic 11" we.
Meanwhile, although the Continental
press continued to be enchained by cen
sorship, the newspapers of England
made steady strides towards indepen
dence. Wilkes, under the shield afford
ed by his position as a member of Parli
ament, attacked the British administra
tion-unmercifully, in the North Britun ;
and the letters of Junius, by their scath
ing invectives, astounding disclosures,
and the universal interest they awaken
ed, gave the people of England a fore
taste of the coining power of journalism.
In France, during the turmoil of the
last century, newspapers also became,
for the first time in her history, vehicles
of free political discussion. In the up
heaval of the old social governmental
system, many of the active men who
aspired to power sought to gain it
through the lever of the press; and
Murat, through his newspaper, became
the apostle of the Revolution. This,
new-born liberty of writers, editors, and
printers led to such excesses, that the
evidence furnished in Paris of the bad
uses to which free toil unrestrained
printing might be applied, 11.11 d of the
perils with which it might environ all
interests, produced a reaction against
the newspapers among timid and con
servative melt in Great Britain and the
cited States. English juries became
willing to convict editors of seditious
libels whenever they dared to indulge
-in what would now be considered tame
criticisms, and in this country the Alien
and Sedition I, aw established, for a
brief period, a similar system, under
which there were a few similar convic
tions. For a time it seemed that even
at the close of the eighteenth century,
three hundred and fifty years after ( hut
enberg had commenced his labors at
Mentz, the art of printing could not yet
in any locality, be freely applied to the
production of a newspaper. But after
a few intensely unpopular attempts to
enforce the Alien and Sedition Law, it
was repealed, and succeeded by Thomas
Jefferson's liberal policy of permitting
exchanges to pass free through the
mails, of encouraging the press, and
leaving truth to wage a free light Wilk
error.
No ruler of a great country ever did so
grand a service as the(Stige of Monticello,
and it is fitting that the author of the
Declaration of Indepebdence became, as
President, the first thorough emancipa
tor of journalism.
After the freedom of the press was
well established, newspapers rapidly
multiplied in number, in circulation,
and in the scope of their contents. In
their infancy their mission was confined
to a reprint of official news, or to a pub
lication of news from distant or remote
countries, exciting domestic topics be
ing carefully avoided. When they ven
tured to treat public questions at all,
they acted strictly in the interest of one
of two powerful parties, or of some po
tent leader, able to protect them against
censorship, sedition laws, and libel
suits. During the last century the prep
aration of editorials or original lead
ing articles formed no part of the reg
ular :duties of ttie editor. It was
his business to collate the news—more
especially that arriving from foreign
Icountries—to keep open a poet's corner
'—und to give place to such essays or
communications as the wits or the poli
ticians were gracious enough to contrib
ute gratuitously to his columns. Local
items were nearly unknown, the pro
ceedings of important public assem
blages were not reported, money articles
had not been invented, and so much of
the essence and life of all vigorous mod
ern journals was lacking that it is
scarcely surprising that a newspaper in
those days would have been a curiosity
in many households. At best, it was a
thing of lirnited utility—a luxury rather
than a necessity—and so small a propor-
LANCASTER, PA., WEDNESDAY MORNING AUGUST 2, 1871
tion of the masses had been educated,l
that comparatively few could read. It
was only by slow degrees that new at
tractions were added to journalism. A
monthly magazine, which was rather a
newspaper, however, than a magazine,
in the sense in which that term
is now used, ventured at last to report
an abstract of the speeches of the British
Parliament. Editors slowly beean to
aspire to something better than stale
compilations of foreign news. A few
men of real talent were at last employed
to write for the newspapers in the in
terest of the public, their contributions
being paid for in sterling coin. 'The
scope of advertising columns was en
larged, until they became a source of
general interest. Able and vigorous
editorials, on not merely partisan buton
other topics, were written. And, strang
est of all, a few adventurous publishers
were finally emboldened to expend such
large sums in obtaining intelligence of
important events that they outstripped
the swiftest government couriers, and
became the instructors of the heads as
well as the masses of great nations.—
Subscribers and readers multiplied.
The old hand press, despite the dupli
cation of forms and astonishing alacri
ty on the pait of the hand-press
men, could no longer supply the
demand for journals which excited such
Universal interest, and the newspapers,
after making headway for so many
years against ignorance, oppression and
prejudice, were threatened with a lim
itation of the sphere of their utility by
' mechanical obstacles. Bert a host of in
ventors, endowed with brilliant genius,
and a series of enterprising press-man
ufacturers, type-founders, paper-mak
ers, etc., have conquered each new dif
ficulty as it arose, and the skill display
ed in their comiuests, together with the
astonishing results achieved, form the
grandest chapter in the history or prin t-
Mg.
is nett new mechanical facility sup
plied to newspapers enlarged their
sphere, cheapened their cost, and in
creased their attractions, until now they
well-nigh absorb all other forms of
printing, and embody every description
of intellectual effect. As advertising
mediums, their value cannot be overes
timated, and they are indispensable
thermometer , and barometers of c he
business world. As collectors and dis
tributors of news, their daily achieve
ments outstrip the wildest dreams of the
human imagination, and their success
in telling the current history of the
world, currently, to all the world, is, the
greatest modern marvels. The gist of
the musty record of the past, so
far as it is applicable to the pres
ent, is placed at the services of
the newspaper reader whenever it is
needed. The most carefully guarded
secrets affecting public interests are dis
closed—a black eat being always found
to capture all advance copy of an impor
tant treaty. The greatest questions are
discussed with freedom, and often with
profound ability, by the press. It rare
ly fails to foreshadow every measure
and event of real significance. In this
country, especially, newspapers have
exerted a boundless influence. They
have made and destroyed countless rep
utaliohs, elevated and deposed innu
merable officials, furnished t o t indis
pensableprerequisite to genuine popular
govei 'fluent, raised immeasurably the
standard of civilization, diffusing far and
wide its blessings; and, in view of their
expanding p o wer, lie would he a hold
mail who would venture to allix a Unlit
to their future achievements.
A Visit to the Tropics
Ctsstrit, Oletervaltotts Its the
A visit to the tropics was, for many
years, a cherished dream of the imagi
native Charles Kingsley, author of "At
Last, a Christmas, in the West Indies,"
but it was not until the I ievember of
Isku that lie was enabled to carry his
wish into execution. Everything was
presented in the most brilliant colors
to his poet's heart. The novelty and
wonder of the natural scenes 1110110 m
with deep enthusiasm. The strange
aspects of social lift, with which he
came in contact were a perpetual sur
prise. He thus describes his emotions
upon first landing at St. Thomas' :
As we leaped on shore on that white
sand, what feelings passed through the
heart of at least one of us, found the
dream of forty years translated into facts
at last, are best, perhaps, left untold
here. lint it must be confessed that ere
we hail stood for two minutes staring
at the green wall opposite us, astonish
ment, not at the vast size of anything,
for the shrub was not thirty feet high;
not at the gorgeous colors, for very
few plants or trees were in flower, but
at the wonderful wealth ot life. The
massiveness, the strangeness, the varie
ty, the very length of the young and
still growing shoots was a wonder. We
tried, at first in vain, to six our eyes on
someone dominant or typical forni,while
every form Was as it were,
to be looked at, and a fresh Dryad gazed
out at every bush, and with wooing
eyes asked to be wooed again. The first
two plants, perhaps, we looked steadily
at were the ipolinca pes capne, lying
along the sand in straight shoots thirty
feet longand growing lot fancied,
while we looked at it, with large bilob
ed green leaves at every joint, and here
and there a great purple convolvulus
flower; and next, what we knew at
once for the "shore grape." We had
fancied it (and correctly) to be a mere
low, bushy tree, with roundish leaves.
Rut, what a bush with drooping
boughs, arched over and tln•otigh each
other, shoots already six feet long, leaves
as big as the hand shining like dark
velvet, a crimson mid-rib down each
and tiled over each other—" imbrica
ted," as the botanists say, in that lash
, ion which gives it peculiar solidity,
richnessof light and shade to the foliage
of an old sycamore ; and among these
noble shoots and noble leaves, pendant
everywhere, long tapering spires of
green grapes. This shore grape, which
the West Indians esteem as we might a
bramble, we found to be, without
exception, the most beautiful and
broad-leafed plant which we had ever
seen. Then we admired the Frangi
pani, a tall and almost leafless shrub,
with thick,ll,shy shoots, bearing in this
Species, White flowers, which have the
fragrance peculiar to certain white blos
soms, to the jessamine, the tuberose, the
orange, the Gardenia, the night-flower
ing Cereus ; then the Cacti and Aloes;
then the first cocoa-nut, with its last
year's leaves pale yellow, its new leaves
deep green, and its trunk ringing, when
struck, like metal; then the sensitive
plants; then creeping Hams of a dozen
different kinds. Then we shrank bark
from our first glimpse of a little swamp
of foul brown water, backed up by the
sand-bush, with trees in every stage of
decay, fallen and tangled into a dole
ful thicket, through which the spider
legged Mangroves rose on stilted roots.
We turned, in wholesome dread, to the
white beach outside, and picked up—
amid, alas! wreck, everywhere wreck—
shells—old friends in the cabinets at
borne—as earnests to ourselves that all
was not a dream ; delicate prickly Plu
me ; "Noah's arks" in abundance; great
Stromhi,theirl ips and outer shell broken
away, disclosing the rosy cameo within,
and looking on the rough beach pitifully
tender and flesh-like; lumps and frag
ments of coral innumerable, reminding
us by their worn and rounded shapes of
those Which abound in so many secon
dary strata ; and then hastened on board
the boat ; for the sun had already fallen,
the purple night set in, and front the
woods on shore a chorus of frogs had com
menced chattering, quack ing,squealing,
whistling, not to cease till sunrise.
The luxuriance of 6tropical vegetation
furnishes him with a subject for many
sinking pictures, from which we select
a description of the interior of Trinidad :
I turn my chair and look into the
weedy dell. The ground on the oppo
site slope (slopes are, you must remem
ber, here us steep as house roofs, the last
spurs of true mountains) is covered with
a grass like tall rye grass, but growing
in tufts. That is the famous Guinea
grass, which, introduced from Africa,
has spread over the whole West Indies.
Dark little Coolie prisoners, one a gentle
young fellow, with soft, beseeching
eyes, and "felon" printed on the back
of his shirt, are cutting.it for the horses,
under the guard of a mulatto turnkey, a
tall, steadfast, dignified man; and be
tween us and them are growing along
the edge of the gutter veritable pine-ap
ples in the open air, and a low, green
tree, just like an apple, which is a
Guava ; and a tall stick, thirty feet high,
with a flat top of gigantic curly horse
chestnut leaves, which is a Trumpet
tree. There-are hundreds of them in the
mountains round, but most of them are
dead, from the intense drouth and fires
of last Year. Beyond it, again, is a retind
headed tree, looking like a huge Nail-
gal laurel, covered with racemes of pur
ple buds. That is an "Angelim ;" when
tull-grown one of the finest trees in the
world. And what are these at the top
of the brow, rising out of the rich green
scrub? Verily, again, we are iu the
Tropics. They are +alms, doubtless,
some thirty feet high edch,with here and
there a young one sm.inging up like a
gigantic crown of malefern. The old
ones have straight gray stems. often
prickly enough, and thickened in the
middle ; gray last year's leaves hanging
down : and feathering round the top a
circling plume of pale green leaves, like
those of u cocoa-nut. But these are not
cocoas. The last year's leaves of the
cocoa are rich yellow and its stem is
curved. These are groo-groos : they
stand as fresh proofs that we are indeed
in the Tropics, and as "a thing of beauty
and a joy forever."
For it is a joy forever, a sight never to
be forgotten, to have once seen palms,
breaking through and as it were, defy
ing the soft rounded forms of the broad
leaved vegetatiou'lly the stern grace of
their simple lines; immovable pillar
stern looking the more immovable be
neath the toss and lash and flicker of
the long leaves, as they awake out of
their sunlit sleep, and rage impatiently
fur a while before the mountain gusts,
and fall asleep again. Like a Week
statue in a luxurious drawing,-room,
sharp cut, cold, .virginal ; shaming, by
the grandeur of mere form, the volup
tuousness of niere color, however rich
and harmonious ; so stands the palm in
the forest, to be worshiped rather than
to be loved.
His portraitures of animal life are no
less vivid, making the reader familiar
With every variety of strange beast,
bird, and insect, that haunt the verdant
spaces of the prolific clime. Here is all
account of the domestic visitors which
vely give you their company in the
MISC.
One look round at the smaller wild
animals and flowers. Butterflies :swarm
MUM! us of every hue. Beetles, you
may remark, are few: they do not run
in swarms about these aril paths as they
do at home. Ilut the wa,ps and bees,
black and brown, are innumerable.—
The huge bee in steel-blue armor, boom-
lug straight at poll—whom some one
compared to the Lord Mayor's man in
armor turned into a cherub, and broken
loose—lget out of his way, for he is ab
sorbed in business)—is probably awood
borer, of whose work you may read in Mr.
Wood's "Homes without Hands." That
long black wasp, commonly called a Jack
Spaniard, builds pensile paper nests
under every roof and shed. Watch,
now, this more delicate brown wasp,
probably one of the Nelopo•i of whom
we have read in Mr. (;osse's "Naturalist
in Jamaica," and Mr. Bates' "Travel
on the Amazons." She has made under
a shelf of mud a nest of three long cells,
spiders, and the precious egg which,
when hatched, is to feed on them. One
hundred and eight spiders we have
counted iu a single nest like this ; and
the wasp, much of the same shape us
the Jack Spaniard, but smaller, works,
unlike him, alone, or at least only with
her husband's help. The long mud nest
is built upright, often in the angle of a
doorpost or panel ; and always added to
and entered from below. With a joy-
ful hum she flies back to it all day
long with her pellets of mud, and
spreads them out with her mouth into
pointed arches, one laid on the other,
making one side of the arch out of each
pellet, and singing low but cheerily over
her work. As she works downward she
parts MI the tube of the nest with hori
zontal floors of a liner and harder mud,
and inside each story places some live
spiders, and among them the precious
egg or eggs, which is to feed on them
when hatched. If we open the upper
most chamber, we shall find every ves
tige of the spiders gone, and the cavity
tilled and, strange to say, exactly filled)
by a brown-coated wasp-pupa, envelop
ed in a tine silken shroud. In the ch an i-
ber below, perhaps, we shall find the
grub full-grown and finishing his last
spider; and so on, down six or eight
stories, till the lowest holds nothing hut
spiders, packed close, but not yet sealed
up. These spiders, be it remembered,
are not dead. By some strang'e craft the
wasp knows exactly where to pierce
them with her sting, so as to stupefy but
not to kill, just as lie sand-wasps of our
banks at hopestupery the large weevils
which they store in their burrows as food
for their grubs.
There are wasps, too, here, who make
pretty little jar-shaped nests, round,
with a neatly lined round lip. Paper
nests, too, more like those of our tree
wasps at home, hang, from the trees in
the woods. Ants' nests, too, hang some
times from the stronger boughs, looking
like huge hard lumps of clay. And, once
at least, we have found silken nests of
butterflies or moths, containing
many
chrysalids each. Meanwhile, dismiss
from your mind the stories of insects
plagues. If good care is taken to close
the mosquito curtains at night, the flies
about the houseare not nearly as trouble
some as we have often found the midges
in Scotland. As for snakes, we have
seen none. Centipedes are certainly
apt to get into the bath, but can be fish
ed out dead, and thrown to the chickens.
The wasps and bees do not sting, or in
any wise interfere with our comfort,
save by building on the books. ~-Tha
only ants who came into the houge are
the minute, harmless and most useful
crazy ants," who ruin up and down
wildly all day, till they hind some eata
ble thing, an atom of bread or disabled
cockroach, of which last, by and by, we
have seen hardly any here. They then
prove themselves in their sound senses
by uniting to carry off their prey, sonic
pulling, sonic pushing, with a steady
combination of effort which puts to
shame an average negro crew. And
these are all we have to fear, unless it be
now and then a liege spider, which it is
not the fashion here to kill, as they feed
on flies. So comfort yourself With the
thought:that, as regards insect pests, we
are quite as comfortable as in an English
country-house, and infinitely more coin-
fortable than in a Scotch shooting lodge
let alone an Alpine chalet. . .
Au other member of the home circle is
thus described: The mean of all the
pets is a black and gray spider monkey
from lluinea—cmisisting of a tail, which
has developed, at one end, a body about
twice as big as a hare's ; four arms (call
them not legs 1, of which the front ones
have no thumbs, nor rudiments of
thumbs; and a head of black hair,
brushed forward over the foolish, be
seeching eyes, and mouth which, as in
all these American monkeys, as fur as
we have seen, can have no expression,
not even that of sensuality, because it
has no lips. Others have described the
spider monkey as four legs and tail, tied
in a knot in the middle ; but the tail is,
without doubt, the most important of
the live limbs. Wherever the monkey
goes, whatever she does, the tail
is the standing point, or banging
point. It takes one turn at least round
something or other, provisionally, and
ill case it should be wanted; often as
she swings, every other limb hangs in
the most ridiculous repose, and the tail
alone supports. Sometimes it carries,
by way of ornament, a bunch of flowers
or a live kitten. Sometimes it is curled
round the neck, or carried over the head
in the hands, out of harm's way ; or
when she comes silently up behind
you, puts her cold hands in yours, and
walks by your side like a child, she
steadies herself by taking a half-turn of
her tail around your wrist. Her rela
tive Jack, of whom hereafter, walks
about carrying his chain, to ease
his neck, in a loop of his tail.—
The spider monkey's easiest attitude
is walking, and in running, also, is,
strangely upright, like a human being;
but, as for antics, nothing could repre
sent them to you save a series of photo
graphs, and those instantaneous ones;
for they change every moment, not by
starts, but with a deliberate ease which
would be grace in anything less horribly
ugly, into postures such as Callot or
Breughel never fancied the ugliest imps
who ever tormented St. Anthony. All
absurd efforts of agility which you ever
saw at a seance-of the Hylobates Lar
Club at Cambridge are quiet and clumsy
compared to the rope-dancing which
goes on in the boughs of the Poui tree,
or, to their great detriment, of the Bou t
gainville and the Gardenia on the lawn.
But with all this, spider is :the gentlest,
most obedient, and most domestic of
beasts. Her creed is, that yellow ban
anas are the summum bonum, and that
she must not come into the dining-room
or even into the verandah ; whither,
nevertheless, she slips, in fear and
trembling, every morning, to steal the
little green parrot's breakfast out of his
cage, or the baby's milk, or fruit off the
sideboard ; in which case she makes her
appearance suddenly and silently, sit
ting on the threshold like a distorted
fiend, and begins scratching herself,
sittettig cit.& t.
looking at everything except the fruit,
and pretending total absence of mind,
till the proper moment comes fur un
winding her lengthy ugliness, and mak
ing a snatch at the table. Poor weak
headed thing, full of foolish cunning;
always doing wrong, and knowing that it
is wrong,but quite unable to resist tempt
ation ; and then profuse iu futile explan
ations, gesticulations, mouthings of an
"Ohl—oh I—oh !—" so pitiably human
that you can only punish her by laughing
at her, which she does not at all like. One
cannot resist the fancy, while watching
her, either that she was once a human
being, or that she is trying to become
one. But at present she has more than
one habit to learn, or to recollect ere
she become as tit for human society as
the dog or the cat. Her friends are,
every human being who will taße no
tice of her, and a bautiful little (ivaz
upita, or native (leer, a little larger than
a roe, with great black melting eyes,
and a heart as soft as its eyes, who collies
to lick one's hand ; believes in bananas
as lirnily as the monkey ; and when
she can get no hand to lick, licks the
hairy monkey for mere love's sake, ;did
lets it ride on her back, and kicks it oll'.
and lets it get on again and take a half
turn of its tail round her neck. and
throttle her with its arms, and pull her
nose, out of the way when a banana k
coining; and all out of pure love; for
the two have never been introduced to
each other by man ; and the intinutcy
between them, like that famous one
between the horse and the hen, is of
Nature's own snaking up.
The comments of the author on Ine
condition of the islands whose natural
beauties aflbrded such exquisite delight
to every sense, present many original
suggestions, and on the whole, allowing
for the intensity of his impressions, and
his inclination to paradox, are of an in
structive character. But the strength
of his book, as well as its peculiar cliann,
consists in Isis discriptions of the ani
mal and vegetable life, in the luxurian t
wealth of which he revels with all the
ardor of a vehement poetical nature.
The reflections, however, with which he
closes the volume, show that his eye was
not satisfied with seeing, nor the hun
ger for Western travel assuaged. The
mighty appetite was still upon him,
and he could scarcely resist the longing
to ascend the Oronoco, explore the re
cesses of the Andes, and behold the
wonders of Cotopaxi and Chimborazo.
But he plucks up heart of grace and
wisely resolves to return to his home
duties, with the same content of spirit
as " most brilliant of old ladies, who
boasted that she bad not been abroad
since she saw the apothesis of Voltaire,
beforce the French revolution, and did
not care to go us long as all manner of
clever people were kind enough to g
instead, and write charming books
about what they had seen for her."
Elephants.
ASh p 'Load roll Ott fr Ceylon o
New York.
The New York papers give an account
of the arrival in that city of ten elephants
front Ceylon. They were brought on
Saturday to the foot of Thirtieth street,
:North River, on board the bark Nehe
miah (tibson, Captain Smalley, which
arrived after a four months' voyage
from Ceylon.
The reporters, of course, visited the
vessel, and in talking with Captain
Smalley about the elephants, he fur
nished the following account of the
trade in those beasts in the East In
dies: ' If you want to buy elephants
cheap in Ceylon," said the Captain,
"you niust go to your hotel, throw
yourself back in a chair, stick your
thumbs in your vest, and say I want to
buy some elephants. The native deal
ers will seek you out eagerly and tell
you yarns about the line beasts they
have on hand for your consideration.-
Stroke your chin musingly and tell
them to fetch along the elephants for
inspection, and they will do it. If you
want one you will be shown a hundred.
The elephants aboard my vessel, how
ever, were bargained for at the jungle.
They are all line beasts and no mistake.
They were all trapped in the jungles of
the .Nrannalt District, in Ceylon, and
all of them,with one exception, a chap of
thirty years of age, were freshly caught
and wild. The one referred to had been
about two years in the custody of the
native dealers.
"We received the elephants at Co
lombo (Ceylon), and the beasts were
got on board by means of canvas slings
and ropes and pulleys hung from the
rigging and main-sail boom. Eleven of
them in all were safely stowed away be
tween decks. Forty-live natives were
employed in the work of hoisting and
lowering them aboard ship. This num
ber was more than was needed, but
labor is cheap in Ceylon, and I thought
I might as well have enough of them
while I was about it.
" I made good preparation ior them :
I had stalls built of teak wood, strong
strong enough on all sides to resist a
pressure of 2100 pounds, and so con
structed as to keep each animal in his
place and securely separated front the
others iu the roughest weather. We
sailed on the :2lith of March, and expe
rienced the best kind of weather until
we reached the Cape of Good I lope. We
had some little trouble and anxiety
about the elephants. Most of them got
sea-sick, which was manifested in their
refusing either to eat or drink for sev
eral days, but they soon got over their
qualinishness and were ablo to eat as
heartily as when on dry land. At the
Cape of Good Hope we began to have
r0ti..1.11 weather. We had three terrific
gal.,: while rounding the Cape, and the
rough weather continued from the 14th
to the :221 of May. We all felt a great
deal of anxiety about the elephants, who
sometimes set up a fearful roaring, but
luckily the bark weathered the gales
successfully, and the elephants, thanks
to the excellent precautions taken to
fasten them securely in their stalls, caine
through it uninjured. As I showed you
when below, there were the two iron
ring-bolts driven and riveted into the
sides of the vessel, and the strong bar of
teak wood well lashed to the front of the
stalls.
'• Well, sir, in rough weather we need
to tie their hind legs to the ring-bolts,
and the beasts would themselves wrap
their trunks around the wooden liar be
fore them and hold fast, and in this
position the waves might toss the ves
sel as much as they pleased but they
couldn't throw the elephants their
feet. Sometimes, to be sure, an extra
ordinary lurch to one side or the other
of the craft would throw the elephants
buck up against the deck overhead, but
this didn't happen often enough to give
them much annoyance. ‘Ve put in at
St. Helena to take in a fresh supply of
water, and to get some green feed for
the beasts. We took in soun gallons of
water there and treated the elephants
to a feast of green grass, which they eat
with a hearty relish, and showed in
their elephantine fashion the liveliest
gratitude to those who fed them. They
used 25,100 gallons of water on this pas
sage, and eat up 125 bales of hay, aver
aging 275 pounds per day, which food
was in addition to two bushels of gramm
and paddy; the last rolled up in the
furor of little balls or cakes,
and
fed to them from the hands of their
Singhalese keepers.
"Every individual on board would oc
casionally give them a sea-biscuit,
which was esteemed by the elephants
to be a great luxury. We selected names
for some of the elephants on the voyage,
which I suppose they will always retain.
One of them was known as 11(11'13(10y.
This animal was the king elephant of
the crew of them. He belongs to
what the natives call high caste, and all
the other beasts were afraid of him. He
was, without doubt, with the exception
of another high caste elephant that was
my favorite, and whom [ called Nehe4
miah Gibson,the most knowing creature
in the whole lot. Mandoy was every.
body's favorite, and I believe he will
make his mark in the States. Another
one that we called Rajah was the
largest animal among them, and weighs
2000 pounds. Then there was the baby
elephant, only eight years old and
weighing 800 pounds. The elephant
that died on the passage had everything
done to save him that was possible, but
nothing would avail."
On Saturday the elephants were land
ed. The arrangements for hoisting the
animals from the bark to the pier were
ropes and pulleys fastened in the rig
ging, and canvas slings. There was no
trouble in landing the first three. The
fourth one was the elephant called Man
doy. This brute became quite unruly
before the sling was fixed,
and roared
and threw his trunk about in a rage.—
The men handling him became fright
ened, and the 'captain went below and
finally succeeded in pacifying him. He
was finally trapped, and as he was haul
ed up and suspended in the air lie flap-
-
ped his big ears, worked his huge lep,
and threw his trunk around wildly.—
When he•landed on the pier he show
ed some signs of rage at the jeering
crowd who were looking on, and at the
same time the•three elephants already
landed broke from their fastening to a
post on the pier. The animals were all
secured again, and were led Mr toward
the depot of the Hudson River Railroad,
and they were lodged for the night in a
yard in connection with the stables of
that railway, on Eleventh avenue.
On Sunday morning, about 9 o'clock,
it was made known that, they would
leave that place for the railway station
between Ninth and Tenth Avenues;
and a large crowd assembled. SOOll the
largest gates of the stable were thrown
open, the elephants marched out, and
the distance to the depot was soon ac
complished. Five large produce cars
were drawn up for their reception near
the passengers' platforimw h ich was sur
rounded bya number ofemployees of the
Company, and a few favored outsiders
who gained admittance at the entrance
e.
The arrangements for moving the an
imals from the platform to the cars were
very simple. Strong planks were laid
down from the platform to the cars, and
the cars being only a few inches higher
than the platform, the incline they had
to ascend was very slight. Two were
placed in each car, and then• we very
little trouble hi getting the first four
couples into the first four cars. The re
maining couple consisted of the baby
elephant, and the largest one in the
troupe, called Itajah. After some little
difficulty the baby wins got in, but Rajah
seemed determined not to enter his new
domicile. He roared and threw him
self about when it mac attempt( to pull
and push him in by Mrce. tic would
not stir an inch. Presently lie made a
sudden dart in the opposite detection to
whit•h he was wanted to go, dragging
the Melt who were holding the rope
Willi 'din. lie had not proceeded far
before two of the keepers Managed to
get before him, and by the aid of their
spears stopped him. Ile was brought
back, and reached the door of the car,
when he suddenly turned around and
repeated his previonsumnieuvre. Again
lie was brougl it hack, but blows from
the sticks and spears could not make
the unruly and obstinate bruteenter the
cars.
At last Captain Smalley suggested that
the baby should he brought out of the
car again, with the idea that whe a t Ra
jah saw it come out and re-enter lie
would follow it. After a little coaxing
and a sop tf sponge cake and sugar
candy the Captain's idea had the de
sired effect- feeling every inch
of his way, and not moving more than
one Melt at a time, Rajah at last walked
into the car. No sooner had his feat
been accomplished than trusses of hay
and barrels of water were placed in each
car, the barrels being screwed to the
sides tind bottoms. The Superintendent
of the line also ordered a carpenter to
!more several holes in each car two inches
in diameter, in tinder to give the ani
mals plenty of air. A baggage and mts
senger car was furnished for the keepers
tool others, and soon after they were
loaded a powerful engine was attached
mint the train started oll' on its special
journey.
A story of Western Hanging
Several years ago, when the West was
a comparatively new country, an indi
vidual presented himself at the door of
a log grocery in the settlement of which
we write and asked if there was a judge
iu the place. Clam being informed that
the storekeeper himself was a judge, the
stranger proceeded:
" Well. Judge, you see the facts of the
case is this: I was travel lin' idong With
a pardner down here a piece, as he
showed me a silver dollar which he had.
Well, I wanted the money, and when
he wasn't looking I popped hint looter
the ear with toy pistol. Then I took
his silver :mil tobacker and cum along
alone; hut I got to thinking the matter
over, and I don't think I did just the
right thing to pardner. My con
shuns has been troublin' me, and I
think 1 ought to be hung. Now, Judg,e,
if it wouldn't be too much trouble, I'd
like to have you try me and have me
hung. IC you doubt the facts in the ease,
there's the dollar I took from my pard
ner, and you'll find his remains down
the road a piece under a log. I'll feel
obliged to you, Judge, if you will ilaVe
Ille hung."
The Judge told the stranger to make
himself comfortable over at the hotel,
until he could send some men down the
road and investigate the matter, and if
they found the body he would call a
jury and try the stranger as he was de
sired. The dead man being found, the
Judge summoned a jury, and sent word
to the stranger at the hotel, that if he
would step over to the store, they would
give him a trial.
The stranger appeared immediately,
shoal: hands with the Judge and jury,
invited the court to take a drink, and
appeared grateful and satisfied with the
proceedings.
The trial proceeded sbcially, and the
tender-hearted jury brought in a verdict
of guilty of manslaughter in the first
degree. A look of anxiety, which the
stranger had worn up to this bole, faded
front his face as he stood up to receive
his sentence. " You have been found
guilty," Said the Judge, " of the crime
of manslaughter, for which you are un
doubtedly penitent." Here the stranger
again began to get anxious and uneasy.
• AlOl if," proceeded the Judge. " it
meets with your approbation, we will
try and hang you next Sunday morn
ing, at 11 o'clock A. M. In the mean
time try and make yourself as comfort
ably at the hotel as possible."
The stranger looked a little sad, and
the Judge asked him if he wasn't satis
fied If there wa,4 anything he could
do for him
"Judge, hate to be particular and
fussy," said the the stranger, " but
having the agcr and fever, the chills
come on at pi o'clock in the mornin"
and if you could have me swing pith be
fore that I should feel obliged."
"Of course," said the Judge, " we al
ways respect a party's feelings. No
trouble at all. Come around at 9 o'clock
and may be we'll get through before
church time."
Sunday morning nt o'clock the
stranger came out of the hotel and pro
ceeded to the grocery. There he met a
deputation of citizens, one of whom
threw a lariat over the limb of a tree,
and, as soon as the stranger had taken a
chew of tobacco and shaken hands all
round, they hauled him up.
" There, My Dear, I'll leave You."
A correspondent at Long Branch tells
the following good story:
The wife of a gentleman at our hotel
tells a good story at her husband's ex
pense. It is well understood that they
did not live amicably together, but evi
dence of this is rarely seen in public.—
The other evening, when taking their
usual drive—they are both high spirited
and hard to curb, and when their tem
pers are aroused there is no c•outroling
them—one word brought on knottier,
when the husband said: " You csrTil
drive me mad."
I should call that admirable driv
ing," retorted the wife.
lly !" exclaimed the husband,
" if you say au other word 1 will drive
down into the sea." They were then
near one of the roads, in the vicinity of
General Grant's cottage, that leads
down to the beach.
" Another word !" screamed the Indy.
"Drive where you please," she added,
" into the sea. I can go as deep as you
dare to go any day."
He became furious, took her at her
word, and drove the horse and vehicle
into the ocean. They began to swim.
He held in, looked into her face, and she
laughed in his.
" Wily do you stop? " she demanded
exultingly, exhibiting not the slightest
alarm.
n You are a devil ! " he exclaimed,
turning the horses about, making for
the shore with all expedition.
'' Pooh ! pooh!" laughed the torment
er. "Learn from this that there is no
place where you dare to go, where I dare
not accompany you."
"Even to .
"The only exception," she answered,
with a chuckle. "There, my dear, I
leave you."
She had conquered. The pair returned
to the house, and the only evidence of
anything extraordinary having occur
red was the appearance of the poor
horses. The lady repeated the story to
one or two female friends, and of course,
such things are too good to keep.
The Salt Lake City Councils have ap
pointed a committee of prominent Mor
mons to arrange for the reception of
President Grant on his, westward tour
next month.
NUMBER 31
Ellen Ca•ey. the Female Plekpoeke
who was Shot. Mooring the New Fork
Strange Story.
Number 271, in the album at the Police
Headquarters, known as the Rogues Gal
lery, is the photograph of a full-faced
handsome woman, about thirty years of
age. The picture is labelled "Ellen Mall
vil le, pickpocket." Superintendent Kelso,
sitting in his office the other evening, said:
I was the first to arrest her in this coun
try. Tom Dusenbury and I were at Long
Branch races, and we gave her anti her man
a dead tumble. Her real name is Ellen
Coffey. She was born in Liverpool, and
was arrested there for thievery. After
serving for it she came hero and found a
companion in George Sin ith,the pickpocket.
She afterwards discarded lion and sought
the friendship of dim Casey, the burglar,
who was shot at Twenty-sixth street and
Sixth avenue by John gcl'ormick, another
burglar, durino '' a quarrel over the spoils of
the robbery or the Philadelphia National
Bank.
- .
On Casey's death Ellen became a widow,
and hail to look around to support her two
children. These, a boy and a gFrl, she al
ways supported in the most eXpensi ve way,
sending them to a figthionalile school in
Lexington avenue, and dressing them in
the most costly garments. She 1110 a suite
of beautifully iurnisbefl rooms atiltUl Eighth
avenue, and later her predatory expedi
tions during the day, spent her evenings
there with her Family.
tin the morning of the tCih she did not
'end her children to school, but handed
Leto over to a 150111a11 01.111pallit , 11 of hers,
vith direction that they should be kept at
nom©, saying:
" I'm going out to inako some money."
" You'd better not go, there'll lit shoot
ng," WaS thin NVOlllall'S
"tilt," replied Ellen Casey, "there'll hen
big crowd nu IV street, letsnl'rhaurr., and
there is shooting I can R. t 1411111,1 14 , 1110
Ono else."
-
Site went down Eighth :tvenuo and reach
ed Twenty-fifth street, itUer elitaning out
live different pocket-books. While stand
ing at the strider of the street she was shot
in the thigh, and taken to Mount simo
Hospital, and the surgeons declared that
the only rlcun•e for her life was the annul
tatitin oilier leg. This operation was per
formed.
Yesterday Nlrs. (licit' coati asked what
ito would do in the future to support her
hiking]. A viirlowi smile passed over hid
lt!fl, and she said:
uppose; that will be ; but I van gel
cone one to stall for tile, ittol I guess I eau
tke a trick or two yet."
The following is taken front the New
York .Xun
Yesterday the Francis Nolan Association
of Williainsburgh started on their first an
nual excursion to Meyers' trove, Staten
Island. The weather was unpropitious;
nevertheless, over I , JUU persons embarked
i/11 tiro steamer I.,rtnlutw and Irvin Larger.
The storm prevented tine party front land
ing. In the afternmn, bet 'I and r,
o'clock, when they were preparing for
home, the storm raged furiously. T. pro
tect the barges from the rain, the eallVaS
stiles were lowered. This offered greater
resistance to the rain and wind, and des
;lie the exertions of the steamer, which
as placed between the barges, they were
riven ivzround nt Mariner's Ilarbur, below
Elizabethport. Both the steamerand barge
Durant were soon imbedded in the sand.
'file barge I lasket ;vas now free. Driven
by the wind and waves she was tossed upon
the steamer, inal on freeing herself, NV 1,
again thrown with greater fiffee against her.
Aboard all was excitement, women and
children &creaming and men hurrying to
and fro, Gbileavoring to allay the excite
ment. The lower decks of the barges were
swept b the sea, anti all had to gather on
the upi ir decks.
Mr.. :ones Keating, President of the As
sociation, assisted by some of the members,
succeeded somewhat in quieting the mul
titude. In order to show that there was no
,1311ger, Mr. ratriCk Dlerghnn anti Mr.
Thompson jumped over into the marsh and
tramped through the tall grass tD lirm
ground. Their example was soon folbnv
ed by shout twenty young men. Seeing
that the steamer was powerless, the captain
sent ono or the deck hands ashore with or-
tiers to get a tug to come to their assistance.
When it was seen that then() was not
much danger of being drowned, the cry
was raised that the barge flask et would
smash tde long to piers.. Mr. Meoghan
and others of the party who did not arrive
in Williatushurgh until a late hour last
night, say that that is the only danger, and
nal which in all likelilaHml will.a•itr. The
torn, he says, was fearful, the wind bblw
ng in hurri,anes, and large seas sworping
.rver the lower decks.
Tho (leek hand who was sent WIL, Unable
n get a boat before I o'clock this morning.
suffering of the women who wt re ite
anlipanied by their children W 11.4 intense.
Alderman Nolan, Mr. I,bert Anderson,
Fire Commissioner Brown, Mr. Mark Fer
mi!, and the members of the organization,
were indefatigable in contributing to the
comfort of the women and children. They
went on shore, and after tramping for milts
irocured necessaries from the farmers.
In Williamsburg!' the wildest excite
ment prevailed, those wino had friends and
relatives aboard rushing about making in
quiries concerning the extent of the leis-
A LONG ISLANDER'S \VIM
Far Rockaway owes iLs past and present
popularity as a watering place to Richard
Bainbridge. 110 was the proprietor of the
extensive Pavilllon which Wits destroyed
by tire about eight years ago, on the site of
which ho erected a lll:tuber of cottages, all
of which are now occupied by New York
lawyers and brokers. r. Itain bridge Wits
a very peculiar man, and of very eccentric
disposition. lie amassed great wealth in
England, where lie left his wife and son,
and emigrated to America. Ile married
another woman soon atter arriving in New
York, with whom he lived for several
years, but for some unexplained reason
they separated. Mr. liainbridgethen took
under his protecting wing a third woman,
with whom lie lived until the time of his
death. Ile left a will, in which he be
queathed the greater part of his wealth to
his last eompanion. It is thought that the
testament will 110 contested by his conned
wife, who is now living in Brooklyn. lie
met with a severe accident last Spring,
from which Id, never fully reentered, and
on Sunday death ended his suffering.
The Brelllng Interest—Beer as a 'rem
permit, Beverage, h e.
The report of AI r. Louis Schaile, of Wash- I .
ington, who WWI appointed by Commis
sioner Pleasanten to make an ullirial re
port or the (leer-Brewers' Convention, held
iu Pittsburgh early last mouth, has re
cently been filed in the Internal Revenue
Bureau. It touches on every subject con
t erning LIM interests of brewers, and gives
some interesting statistics relative to the
amount of business carried 011 in that
branch of trade. It states that the Beer-
Brewers' Association extends over every
State in the Union, and that they receive
support (rout their friends in all sections of
the eon n try. The Beer-Brewers' Congress,
which is to be held in Dresden on the 27th
of the month is expected to be largely rep
resented from America, and as the 1 tengress
that was to es roe Off I ant year was postponed
on account of the war, business of great
importanee to the Brewers' professien is
expected to be transacted.
The Brewers announce their intention of
renewing their efforts to decrease the tax on
fermented liquors, and they ad curate th at
the interests of the country require that
the taxing of malt liquors should entirely
cease. They claim this exemption on the
ground that malt liquors are known as
temperance beverages, nourishing and
healthful, and that by the aliclition of the
tax thereon the government would
benefit the people and assist the cause of
temperance. They regret that the I' tilted
Status has paid so littleattention to the col
lection or correct and trustworthy statis
tics relative to their trade, and claim that
the want of such information in Congress,
and of the appreciation of the necessity of
the same, is the principal cause of the
present unequal and consequently unjust
taxation. They as:fort that they are the
heaviest taxpayers in the country, the taxes
paid by brewers for the fiscal year ending
June fie, hsi 1 , being over $7,3011,000, or about
30 per cent. more than last year. The re
port of the Chief of the Bureau of Statistics
on the tariff has been prepared, and will
be immediately classified under appropri
ate headings and sent to the printer.
Taking it Dip
A seashore correspondent given the fol
lowing lively " pen-picture" of a scene
which will be familiar to many readers:
" It is very amusing to see the various
methods in which different bathers enter
the water at the seashore. Some run In
very boldly with a skip and jump, but are
frighteqed at the first wave, and beat a hasty
retreat, to be followed by a more cautious
advance; some dantte about on the shore in
the wildest manner, as if performing a can
can, with the ocean for a partner; others
walk in deliberately till beyond their depth
when they turn on their backs and float
quietly along till a wave lands them high
and dry among the promenaders. On the
shore the ladies trip down to the water's
edge in dainty slippers and pretty fancy
bathing dresses, and after wetting the head
walk slowly and cautiously in, whilst in
others it seems to produce the greatest
nervous excitement, and they scream and
laugh at the top of their lungs, beg to be
taken out, and when out implore you to
take them back again."
The Postmaster-General, on Thursday,
received from London the formal arti
cles of a treaty for the exchange of pos
tal money orders with Great Britain.—
The system will go into operation on
October Ist, single money orders being
limited to $5O each, or £lO sterling.
COL. A. K. BIeCLIIRE INTERVIEWED
Hie Talk with a Reporter of the New
York Herald.
What 110 Thinks of the Plltnation
11la Opinion of Grant
A reporter of the New York Herald Lad
an interview with Col. McClure the other
day, of which he gives the following ac
count:
Cot. A. K. McClure was for many years
a leading Republican, and, prior to Grant's
administration, was ono of the most active
men of his party. It will be remembered
that soon alter Grant's election, and before
ho was inaugurated, McClure had an inter
view with him, whereat the Pennsylvania
politician was candidly told that his friend
Curtin could not go into the Cabinet. Ever
since, McClure has belonged to that class
of Republicans denominated by President
Grant "disappointed men." In the absence
of Governor Curtin, now United States
Minister at St. Petersburg, McClure is the
leader of the "Curtin faction" in the State,
and It is shrewdly suspected that he leis
taken a hand in the "new depai tore" move
ment, with a view of carrying his faction to
the other side, so as to defeat Grant's re
election and give Pennsylvania to the De
mocracy. Of coarse , Ito still claims to be a
Republican, but he makes no secret of the
fact that he is opposed to the re election of
Grant.
- .
" What do you think of tho ' now de
parture' Movement unini red.
"Well, sir, there is more In it than some
ieople are disposed to concede. It means
nischiel to the Republicans, especially if
hey renominate ti runt."
•
"W hat do you think ol'ti rant's .•Inuieo.4
or re-nomination and ro-eleetion V
'• Well, I think ho will probably bo re
lominated ; but hk ro-election is allot her
question...
DO you think ho will carry Ponnsyl
vania?"
" Doubt fu 1. Tho truth is, Grunt has very
hide hold upon the masses of the Repu bli
am party. Outside the office-holders nobody
'aims to care much about loin. When he
omen fur in . vhutce, thorn
in't a dozen leading Republicans ever call
mon hint. They don't sewn to pay any
tdention to him. When he Was here the
tel time I think he stopped with "rimy'
reael, a Democrat, and went around With
loorge W. Childs, another Democrat. Si
itr as the State is concerned, Cameron runs
:rant, and you kwon• that's enough of h
ell to damn him. Cameron has no strength
with the masses of the pooplo. When Inc
gels into a Convention or the Legislaturo,
ho can manage to carry his point; hut WO
all know how he does it. Cameron has ab
solute control here, now, because 0 rant has
placed the wholo patronage of the Stale in
his lianils. (II course ho will carry the
delegation from tins Stale for I:rant. in the
Convention."
=Si
"'rho Rcpu blicnns, c‘dgnoi, don't seem
It, have any other but daunt?"
I'o mu that is very sii2nitleant. I have
an idea that they wilt !laminate him, and
then let hint Ito defoatuil, it tivoing to 111,
Lilo only wa:v to got rid of him. If Brant is
re-Mooted it will ,oily bo by the most un
pardonable stupidity on the part el the
Deninerats. I 0 not boon deceived in
t; rant. Alter he vn
worked both for his nomination and elec.
tion—l said to a number of our leading Re
publicans, 'Wu must go to work and elect
this ; but I tell pill in advance there
ain't a man of you will over reap the fruits
of the victory.' Washburn° was
standing by, and he said, ' I pledge you
lily \Nora that if timid is elected be y ilo
the square thing. Now I know the loan,
and I tell you he will never allow Simon
Cameron to run him.' I replied, ' Politics
:mud the war have bankrupted mu, and I
rant afford to take any place; but I predict
that Cameron will run Grant, and not it man
will v,et anything except, through him.'
\Vasillesrii then tutu! there promised that if
rant WaS elected ho would in I Curtin in
he Cabinet. -
l'itTlN To TAKE A HAND IN 'HUE NEXT
CAMVAION.
"Is Curtin yenning Immo, ('elonel ?"
"No, net tints Slimmer, except they recall
I wish they would recall hint.
inn Noun be bonne, though, inn time to take a
110111 iu the 110 X t. Presidential oleetien."
••linty does he stand in tine State?"
"lle stands well with the people. Curtin
is really the reprementattive man of his party
in the State. In a con test between hint and
Cameron before the people, Cameron would
be beaten out of eight. Curtin, you know,
tvtle twice elected Governor, right in the
eeth of Cameron. Ho was declared the
dioiee of the State for Vice President in
sOS, against Cameron's wishes, and lie is
he strongest Wall in the State to-day heron.
he people. , •
"Whoa side will he Lake?"
"That I till not prepared to state. lln
vill hardly play into Cameron's hands,
hough."
"Some Itepublicans, Colonel, mien' ti
Link Mitt this "now departure" move
mint sell! demoralize din Democracy and
veaken them in the Presidential cant-
That isjust Where the Republicann make
a mistake. There may be some growling
at first., but you will find when election day
cantos around every man who is 111/W :1
Delllool - 1a Will vote the straight Democrat
ic ticket. Sc, they will not use ally votes.
Now, by accepting the situation, they hold
out inducements for 111011 W1101110;0 hither
to Voted With the Republicans, for the reit-
Sena I have already stated, and Ivho are
dissatisfied fir indifferent to the present
administration, to join their ranks. 'chore
is no telling bow many votes they will get
from this class,''
111=1
EMEEIMEI
" ('ould the Democrats carry the city of
Philadelphia, Colonel?"
" They have the votes to do it if they
could only get them counted, but you nee
the election machinery is in the hands of
the Republieans, and they out count the
Democratic votes or ma, just as they
dense.,,
"Po you think the Republicans will
carry the State this Fall?"
"I doubt it. There is a great deal of in
difference among the Republicans In Penn
sylvania towards Grant, and they don't
care much how it goes. Besides, the Dem
minas will Make a tremendous effort,"
" Well, Geary is a candidate for the Pres
idency, I understand, on the Labor Reform
Platform. There are some people who
aliect to sneer at Geary; but I tell you he
is no fool. Ile hew more shrewdness than
seine of those who talk about him. lie had
himself nominated for ilovernor last time,
in spite of all opposition, :mil was elected.
The leading Men of the party didn't want
hint then, and most of them would have
been glad at his defeat. Ile beat the whole
party. A man who can do that In our Stale
is nobody's fool, and he's not to be laughed
at."
RELATIONS WITH ORANT.
" Have you had any relations with Grant
since he became President.
" None whatever. I discovered at the
beginning that he intended to gn back on
the men who elected him, and I didn't want
to have anything to do with him. I had
two interviews with him after he was
elected, and before he was Inaugurated. The
leading men of our State grit together, and
we concluded that if we wanted a Cabinet
officer wo had better ask It. The question
was, who would go and see Grant. They all
seemed afraid of hire. At last I said, 'l'll go;
some of you had better go along." Finally,
colonel Forney was selected, and wo went
to Washington. We wore well received, and
Grant said he would consider the matter.
lie assured tne on that occasion that in any
event Cameron should not control the State
or its patronage. My second visit I made
alone. I carried a letter from Judge Read
of our State to Grant. which I afterward
learned contained a strong aopeal in favor
of Governor Curtin going into the Cabi
net. The result of that interview appear
ed at that time in the newspapers, though
I was represented as urging the claim
of Curtin upon Grant, when, in fact, I did
nothing of the kind. When I handed hiin
Judge head's letter be looked at it, and, as
I was alamt to depart, be said, 'Wait
minute, Colonel ; this letter relates to a
matter of which I want to talk with you.'
That Was the first I knew of the con tentA
of the letter.' Then followed the conversa
tion, wherein he informed um, that under
no 1;i rcu nuitances would he appoint Curtin ;
and 1, in, turn, gave him a piece of my
mind."
A St. I.nntlry Annelle
The Opelousas Journal says : It Is said
that Mr. Lastio Dupre, of this pariah, owns
about twenty thousand head of cattle,.
ranging river the greater part of southwest
ern Louisiana from Bayou Teche on the
east to the Sabine river on the west, and
from Bayon Chieot on the north to the Gulf
on the south. 11 is principal vacherie Is on
the Bayou Nezpique, al out 30 or more miles
west of Opelousas, on the line between this
parish and Calcasieu. Ills agent or stock
keeper, residing at his vacherie, is a col
ored man, who has been in his employ for
many years, and in whose honesty and
ability he has implicit confidence. Tim
colored man is said to bo worth about $15,-
000, made in Mr. Dupro's service. From
this stock of cattle between two and three
thousand calves are branded every year.
The stock-keeper Is compensated for his
services at the rate of fifty cents In silver
for each calf branded, and this is the great
est or only expense Incurred In raising the
cattle. The entire stock is not worth leas
than $200,000. The annual revenue de
rived from the yearly increase, cannot bo
less than $15,000, clear of all expenses—it
is probably much more. Mr. Dupre, like
many others, lost a large fortune by the
war in other property;
but this stock of
cattle has kept him rich. And no man
better deserves his good fortune, which is
simply the result of his industry and good
management, than he; for no man is more
honest and few as kind-hearted, charitable
and willing to relieve the suffering as Mr.
Lastie Dupre.
The Amazons
An English surgeon In the service of the
Commune writes, respecting its last hours,
as follows:
"Just as the Nationals were retreating a
battalion of women came up the street at a
trot, and, with cries of 'Viva la Commune,'
began firing. They wero armed with the
Snider rifle, and hred admirably. Many
pretty looking young girls were there,
destined, no doubt, for far better things than
killing men. They fought like devils, far
better than the men, and I had the pain of
seeing fifty-two shot down, even when they
had been surrounded by the troops and
disarmed. I saw about sixty men shot at
the same time as the women, at the sama
•
time."