Lancaster intelligencer. (Lancaster [Pa.]) 1847-1922, July 26, 1871, Image 1

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ISCWAILE.
Voctry.
MY WOODLAND PRINCENIC
What it wo mot In an old log•rond
Whuro Om lef-mould clung LO but small Into
heels,
And Imael of WflOillatill llowera. her loud
Was 0 atr ol ial; of !soul. and hilver eels
erown WN raged nd with Ilow
But g It rounded
g n
ded n pair of oplentlld ;,
deli red torrent wit" 1110.111 m(
Ili startled pulses to n 111.01114 101(1 througa.
h
Witololorne bronzn or hrr ruddy fare
\Vox like ripe fruit In it bower of green :
And Ow welkell world
WI the ency grane
An I firm fret) ettip of woolnel queen.
The dew had moistened the Jetty hair
That waved :Lied floated about her head,
I caught, aglimpse Jr the shoulders bare,
'Thu sparkling eyes, and the Iles of red.
Only a gllrniga. 01111 P L41.l orrd gown
An mho, d omappeared In the 1..a1y way;
A 'thine.. of 111.1 mliould..ll4 plump and li.own,
And a 11.14-I.llla haunted ma 'tight and .11.
And I tvrtoclrrril fal 113 y vasty sl.r
To Iry for 1.11. , !rola hut would taut ri p en{
Fur I svall(N11411 day 111 a :10.1y drown
or ilpS nud I,IIOIIIEIIIN, 11.1,111,111 . 1.1151ud I.) ,”.1
And I thought "(it danntol, y•Ignol,
Of narrow Kinnildormll.lllllll/1111111 /.1,1111 1
WII II Infs.. hair frl44lt.datmut nor In.nd,
And Ink. 1/111:1111111 by ruin inn! Inn
111.1.111 n. In windy rnnes,
Exponislvp, vnionrt•, wortlikpm, W lo•n
ninth, Iliu oik' she 111.1.,1
NN'ln,En nn• go Inv I N n ittloll'N 111,1
I lakt. 111 r I il. I 111.' Vittmi Ilevrvo,
And illy lant•li•Aone by
1;111 , 11 dmillin tkgaln I so,
'1'13.1N1'.0111.111 Prluel,4l/1
N. DA Y IN EA lII,Y II 71 li.l'lll
Sin!' NVal4.l . )' 4 . 1011.1%1 , 1011 to I /S l. , 1/14 1 , 11 I lir
nod-dny
And h , •,ud.•d drop, on a v ait•r-Jar+ fio,d4dl nu
eurly nnosver.
q . /1 h M 114,111,1 N 1.1.1,1 ,0111(
1
~111IngI1 I VII Ilso.
Atlil trl••••tualls lli Ili,. ;at
praliolivs
hsa pipe)
'1 . 111•.111 , 11 , 0m , ru rly it! , !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ,,,
n”,,01, 3111, ,%1•1! • '
A 11.1 , :li.•1<cu , w Ilit• mziplt• VIIIPP u.. p.1)1,0,114
.c•uclo!o"
11.1111 , 1,1•1 . 111'01,1 Ilk nrrl lu, 011 ti %,ilok•s
‘v,lll. Oil. On 11,11111,V:
TIVO tiln tiny arc ii.r ly kr:
Llnf no,v,
gold( nnJ vet I 11,,x-'1•11.11),.1.)1111: - Fra.ll,
11111111,S1/11 1 . 1 1.1 I ircy !
Alit James inny Jew, spreuillno sw.kile;
null luoiliie nil lot)."
A dark eil/1111 with Its walery 1.4.1 N ilmv uu•rl
I hl•. fill I • )~• •
Aud lotitlvrlng , Ihdroll url um lica:dandig
w.mturn ,II)'.
S , )011 .1..1111 1.111111• S illlrryiTlg Irr Ilie 111•Itl, NVii I
.. lii.l 1111, Hrur ! Bright'.
'l'lko I'llllll, I Jury la alum..
10551 lo siglil. •
'rho goes 1111 i in fax' I htil .1c)1/
o•rie,m, ship,
.11.11 , 1 nu•lu> hu corn. ry 4,111. ;Ind hl titl I litli
11l Ult. 1.1...”
'do roilelc, Ilion, Is 111;411!--*Iwill
01 111, (11
Th I,y. •1J 44 day, be
MIMEO
Alld 011,16111 K 111 VIII I, shade betwat
the apple laaigh,
'Phi: farmer wliws 11,111 01l 111
11,1.10 , 1 w.
ol„• load Is ua6•ly In III.• Imrti. 1,110 ❑ll
Ll.• %VIII.,
\1 • /111• DINI i a Ihr uundua•Jul rnuu•s
Lil,•111)011.g 1,1111.
A largo! ,11 - 4,11 (ll lip II the her
hunt!,
And Imo: 111$• iltipt-4 ‘vll.lly Im•tilts 11I$1$1l II
I y
'l'ho nth, 10.1 IN In, !mind)! uti.l, ratlv•
111111.14
Kt rcti.ll4,l 41, I list•, up"
new-filt,wll hay,
sun In hillennlnr brunkm ilFiilil Lipnn II
walling
Allll 11/! it 11,ltilt1.11 t/1,1 1111111 urn APIIUM II
sky.
A ill Farmer Day hi uveillay prnrl•r timid.
with
['or vlu unl tun, uull Sllllll/1, rule. till
ii.1,11S1110,1•141
itliscrllancous.
31... in I itlr 0110 Tillll4X lIIId Nit,' I alit
A 44444 lier.
A curious and very elitlo 1:1111
11119 1,1.1.11 wrlllvu by lin Eindlmli pliss
elan, Ut'• Bateman, or Nom MI lb
renuu•luable dlsea•O which doelors ca
aphasia. Aphasia Is the general said
ror IL disease, usually, but not iuvariahl
connected Wilt sone , Herbals
or the twain, whiels valises those wb
still'er from II frequently In artleulte
sounds or words very illltbrent from lie
hi)111111,1 I,r tvurlln illt'y 111'o' 111111110{ la. -
An aphasia lady has liven It 11m011, ror
Instance, to come Forward to meet a
guest with a cordial smile and eel•
stretched hand, imil then articulate
pig, brute, iminhl tool!" In 1,10)0 01
the W trlIS really expressing
the thought in her mind, while in other
canes the words articulated When the
patient. was Intending to read aloud,
turned ant sPulldy gibberish. Thus, or
11111. 1:11I11.11t, il. in 11.1.01111:11:
111 1,1:111.1' to usrOrinlu toot place on re
cord the peculiar Imperfection of him
gunge N 1 .1111.11 he I.X1111.)1It'll, Dr. Osborne
neleeted Ile , billowing MeilMlll.o from the
by-lawn the college of physicians,
viz: " 11 410011 be In the power of the
college to examine or not to examine
any licentiate, previous to his admis
sion lon fellowship, as they shall think
lit." Having requested him to read
this aloud, he read 118 ('suitors: " And
the he what in the temother of tt•otho
toilo to inaloritin or that . tinildrate cis
chilcrastral inestreit to (tetra totonthrel
del to ra fronitreitlo asthat kek idlest,"
—where, its the physician remarked, the
patient, though unable to articulate the
words and letters beMre hint, did yet
articulate combinations of letters and
W01:11,1111111.11 more difficult.
Again, there Is a ease registered where
a man with this allertion lost his way,
as uue may say, only in relation to a
single letter—always substituting a for
so 1101 asking (in (erman) for Kaf
fee (cotree), he appeared to ask for Kaz
zee (sounded like Rat cc, cat), ( Dr. Bate
man, p. 531. Again, another case is
given (p. haul of a gettjlesimn who, af
ter a blow on the head lost his knowl
edge of (1 reek, and did not appear to
have lost anything else.
In some cases the mind seems to go
in search of the right sound or word,
and to seize the wrong one, through
some confusion ill the action of the
proper nerves or muscles; in some cases
not to know even at which sounds to
aim at all. Now. what is the proper
mental interpretation of -ooh facts as
these? slow is it to be explained that,
without any loss of intelligence, the
great " instrument if thought," as lan
guage has been called, should so com
pletely defy the power which produced
it and defined its exact sphere of duty:
Tho ease of the patient who, by a blow
I n his head, lost completely the knowl
edge of li reek, without appearing to suf
fer any other loss whatever, would to
many suggest, us the physician who at
tended him (Dr. Scon,by Jackson) re
marked, that the 11reek knowledge wits
all "deposited" in a particular square
inch tub brain, theinjury or which just
destroyed this knowledge without ill-
Vlltlittg any other sphexe of the intellect.
But this kind ot fact does not stand
1110Ile. A French priest, attended by 81.
Piorry, after an attack of paralysis, lost
entirely the power of employing sub
stantives, while retaining in general the
full command Mall other parts of speech.
'l'll us, when he wanted to ask for his
hat, he said, " Don nez-inoi ce qui se met
sur la " '" but he could not re
mein ber the word for "head" any better
than the word for "hat;" and his phy
sician adds, '' mais de !not 'tete' lie lei
venal pas," and goes 011 tai say that he
sought to express the same thing twenty
times, but that lie tllSVflyti got to au In
surmountable difficulty whenever he
came to a noun substantive.
' -
Again, a Dublin physician ;Dr. Uraves,
had a case in which a patient could not
• recall any noun substantive (common or
proper), but could always recall its ini
tial letter. lie, therefore, made himself
a pocket dictionary or the words in the
most general use, Including die proper
names of his children and servants and
friends, and In conversation would al
ways refer to this dictionary, and run
his eye down the initial letter he recall
ed till he reached thepatne of which he
was In search, " keeping his finger and
eye lixed on the word until he had fin
ished his sentence ; "—but the moment
.he bad closed the book, he again forgot
the Wane, though he never forgot the
initial letter, and could always again
_ recover It by means of his dictionary.
Now, take these three cases together,
and we observe that in one case the
whole network of associations contained
in a single language was lost through
the agency of the disease ; In the next
case, only all the examples of a single
part of speech (noun substantives) In one
language, In the last case not even this,
but all the examples of the same part of
speech, minus the initial letter, which
was uniformly retained.
There is a case of a. patient In the
Edinburg royal infirmary, under Dr.
Gairdner, whose loss of language was so
complete that he could communicate
with other people only by signs. After
a time Dr. Gairdner observed that the
atie 14/4/11tatet
VOLUME 72
other patients In the infirmary thought
this man wan shamming, and the rea
son they gave was, that, though he
could not speak In any other way, he
could swear freely. Yet this patient
.soon after died suddenly, and his brain
wan found to be much eaten away by
cancer.
Leaf from the Private Life of Mrs.
Wharton, the Modern Borgia.
We do not purpose to re-write for the
readers of the Telegraph the thrum
stances of the crime, on the charge of
the commission of which Mrs. Whar
ton stands arraigned. They are now
extensively known, and the re-telling
of the story would be but a tedious
lengthening or our article. But our Hole
purpose in to lay before the public come
facts that are not known, mite culled
by laborious search in private avenues
of information, and which, combined,
contain to a certain extent the private
iire of m Wharton, and throw a great
light upon what will moat necessarily
be her only ground of defence.
Ellen tr. Nugent was born In this
city ((bout forty years ago. 11er father,
(leorge Nugent, woe a moat prominent
and successful merchant of the day, do
ing a large Importing business of fine
goods, silks, etc. ,In character Ito was
strictly upright and honorable, 'living
as It were, by a set rule of firmness and
justice to all. HIS daughter, Ellen, was
by his second wife, he having been pre
viously !unified to a Cuban woman, by
whom he had two children, both boys,
one of whom Is now a respectable and
prosperous member of our community.
There were six other children by the
second wife, Mar SOUS 0(111 two daugh
ters. Both of the daughters are inar
tied mill living in the city.
It is somewhat difficult to ascertain
who Ellen's mother was, speaking in a
family sense. She appears to have been
a Very beautiful, and at the same time IL
very Oi”,i•l11.• girl, living here in Phila
delphia. Itto no it is not particularly
with Mrs. N Liget' t. or the other children
that we haVO to It,, it does not putter
muclt ; but we will remark, en p(18.10./it,
that MI'S. Nugent has only been dead a
few years, having outlived her husband,
who died about the time of the great
California gold excitement.
And now having cleared the Isom of
our story of cross-threads, we will pro-'
reed to weave the narrative of 'Airs.
Wharton's life, whose most exciting
scene has just taken place in Eutaw
street, Baltimore.
Mr. Nugent did not remain long in
Philadelphia after the birth of his
daughter Ellen, Or Nellie. lie had
been very successful in business, and
finally concluded to retire, which he
did, purchasing a lovely place about a
mile this side or Conshohocken, at to
Spot culled Gulf Mills, whore, with his
family growing up around him, he set
tled down to pass the closing hours of
his life, amid the sylvan scenery of our
beautiful Schuylkill's banks.
Of all the children his daughter Nellie
was his idol. lie lavished every atten
tion upon her, that money could com
mand. Especial pains were taken with
her education, and she spent a consider
able time at Bishop Doane's Seminary,
in Burlington, New Jersey. And DOW
the real interest of our story contmenues.
Nellie has grown up under our pencil
into beautiful womanhood, and her
!nature character is beginning to deter
mine Itself. The scene is the (lull
Mills House, and the time Is about
twenty-five years ago.
By the universal voice of those who
knew her at this time, she was certainly
a most lovely girl. About twenty years
of age, of slender and graceful, yet
queenly herring, with magnifleent jet
black halr or unusual length, dark eyes,
and fair complexion—such wits her
physleal beauty. But those who knew
her well say that that was the least of
her aldrinalons. It was rather her en
gaging manner her winning ways, her
dashing, Inspiring disposition that
bound captive at the chariot wheel of
HO many or her (utile IW , IIIIIIIII .
110(15,
It was 10/1111t 111111 limn 11101 she began
ho develop a passion that has over since
been Inordinate with her, and Ihut was
the desire to dross magifilleently. leer
father spared no expense to gratify her
lightest whim, and gave her mono'
enough to clothe 0 duchess. As a con
sequence, there was no more !valve!' at•
lendant at the then fashionable bazaars
(dour city than Al les Nugent, whose car
riage got, to be familiarly !intim!, no
doubt, to the salesmen within.
As we have said, her father allowed
her to carry the purse of a duchess, and
consequently the reader can judge of
Ills surprise when outsidu Mils that had
been contracted by hie daughter to tht
ri mount of lhouBands of dollars ;were
sent Into him for settlement, and all
tills heavy running into debt had taken
place In a comparatively short tune, and
without the slightest premonitory Intel
ligence,
Where had the money gone '.' Hardly
upon herself, since, although always ele
gantly attired In obedience to Fashion's
latest mandate, this debt excess was too
absurdly largo to be answered for on the
ground or personal expenditure. But a
little investigation showed. It was
found that this money had been ex
pended for laces, silks, jewelry, etc,
etc., which were lavished with an im
perial hand as presents, upon her young
friends.
This was certainly a little eccentric,
and quite enough to cause the eye-brow
to raise. Beautiful young ladies do not
generally run their fathers into debt
simply to give away indiscriminately
costly gifts. But something more
strange was yet to come. The debts
were paid by the father, and the current
of events drifted along towards the most
remarkable feature of this remarkable
woman's life.
As we have intimated, and as may
naturally be supposed, Miss Nellie was
the brilliant centre of a large circle of
people of the best class in that vicinity.
So that when, shortly after, each and all
of them received an invitation to the
marriage of that young lady, you may
be sure it created some little stir of ex
citement. in the first place, it witsso
entirely unexpected that it almost took most took
away the people's breath; and secondly,
wit.,t caused the most surprise was,
that the happy man had not been selected
front the large num her ofeountry gallants
of wealth and position Who constantly
surrounded her, bat was a Mr. William
son, of the city,-"Who was but a casual
visitor, and whose matrimonial atten
tions had not been suspected in the
least. It appears, also, that he haul
been so indiscreet and impolite
as not even to have spoken to Mr.
Nugent about it, and knowing the
character of that, old-Lime gentleman,
we are somewhat surprised that the
marriage was allowed to go on, did we
not also know that whatever his daugh
ter Nellie had set her heart upon ae
complishinkshe could most certainly
do, especially where tile father s consent
was only to be gained.
Well, at length the auspicious hour
rolled round, and all the invited guests
assembled at the Nugent mansion to
witness the marriage of the beauty.
Great preparations had been made for the
event. Mr. Nugent was determined that
the daughter who was queen of his heart
shout I be mated in a regal mariner.
Never had the young girl looked so love
ly. as did the bride, seated in her satin
and lace,with her attendant maids about
her, and waiting, with the love-light in
her eyes, for the happy groom. It was
now nearly the hour for the ceremony,
and still he had not come. "Where is
Mr. Williamson ?'' and, "Why don't lie
comer were now frequently asked
by those who were present. The hour
at which the nuptial knot was to have
been tied struck with a dismal clang,and
yet no bridegroom. The minister was
there with book and gown, the guests
were there, the beautiful bride was there
and everything was waiting for the ap
pearance of the tardy gentleman from
the city. The father's brow began to
darken, and the bride's cheeks to pale.
Another dismal hour wore away, and
its death-knell was tolled by the clock,
and still no groom. Another hour, and
still no groom. "Possibly he may have
met with ,an accident; let messengers
be sent." And messengers were sent
in haste,:whlie the guests sat in silence,
and the bride now thoroughly convinced
that her lover was false, raved and sob
bed like one mad. The minutes Hew
away on wings of lead until the mes
sengers returned, who instead of .bring-
Mg with them Mr. Williamson, or an
nouncing at once some reasonable cause
for his non-appearance, beckoned the
father mysteriously apart, and whisper
ed in his ear. The news could not be
kept secret, and in a moment it was
known. Mr. Williamson had not con
tracted the marriage, and knew nothing
about it. Slowly and sadly, as if from
a funeral the guests' departed, glancing
askantly at the bride, who eat weeping
before them, and shaking their heads
significantly.
This was certainly the maddest freak
that it Is possible for a yo.ung lady to
commit, and the incident reads like a
chapter from Mrs. Southworth. sub
sequent investigation showed conclu
sively that the marriage had not the
slightest foundation, so tar as any inten
tion of Mr. Williamson was concerned,
and taking this fact into consideration,
it is not strange that people now began
to speak mysteriously about the young
lady, and to intimate forcibly that
something was wrong in her head. This
bitter suspicion began now to shape it
self into the solemnity of a fact in the
utinil of Mr. Nugent, and after careful
pondering of the matter, it was resolv
ed to have Nellie removed tour asylum
for the insane.
As a key to subsequent events, It is to
be presumed that she knew the Inten
tions of her family at the time. I t want
ed but a day or two-of the execution of
the asylutu project, when one morning
IL was found that the beautiful bird had
gown in the night from the paternal
nest. But in a very little while the
father received intelligence that his
daughter had eloped with young Lieut.
Harry W. Wharton, had proceeded
with him to Philadelphia, had been
there married, and that now, us Mr.
and Mrs. (harry W. Wharton, t hey were
living at Jones' Hotel, fir Chestnut
street, above Sixth, just where the office
of the Uconan 1)i eo'rol now stands.
This With almost as strange and_unac
noun table a movement as the burlesque
marriage, and caused a great deal of com
ment. Although of acquaintance there
had been considerable between the par
ties, of courtship there hail been-little or
none, and, furthermore, at the time of
the elopement and marriage the young
lieutenant knew full well thathis lovely
bride with intended by her friends fur a
temporary seclusion in a mad-house.
But the runaway couple had not been
long from home until they received as
surances of forgiveness, and returned to
the house at (hilt Mills. They also for a
time lived at Norristown, and in Phila-
delphia again. It wasn't long after mar
riage until Mrs. Wharton was in finan
cial di tilculties again, which were again
settled by her indulgent father.
After this, her husband, who was cap
tain now, was stationed at Fort Kearney
for some five or seven yea's. Mrs.
Wharton accompanied him, as indeed
she did In all his wanderings, even go
ing down Into Texas with him oil one
occasion. But while out upon the Plains
the eyesight of the Captatu had become
defective, and he and his wife returned
again. They put up at Ulass S Co.'s
Hotel, on Chestnut street, during such
time us the Captain was under the hands
of an oculist.
At the breaking out of the war the
Captain got a commission In a Delaware
regiment, and eventually was appointed
general disbursing agent, having his
headquarters in Eutaw stteet, Balti
more, right near his house in ' Hamil
ton Place." With the exception of a
short time they lived In Washington,
this was his Mane up to his mysterious
death in 1567.
Such are some of the salient points
and bold outlines in the career of this
most remarkable woman. Is.;olwlth
standing the growing suspicion that
she poisoned her husband and son, It is
the universal testimony that never was
there a more loving wile. She was most
passionately devoted to hint, and fol
lowed him everywhere. We have also
seen that money was her great weak
ness. She was neatly always in diffi
culties of this It Ind, and would borrow
from any one. This is of course to be
accounted for in a great measure by her
inordinate passion lor dress. Wherever
she went she was bound to move In the
must fashionable circles, which she in
variably adorned by her beauty and en
gaging deportment.
We do not purpose, Its we sold at the
start, to touch upon the pat Oculars of
I his most remarkable c a st', Mrs. Whar
lOU unite months 1/0(01%o the liar 1,011141N',
1'11114(141 with murder and attempted
murder, and It seems to be the general
opinion that three or lour more Merits
V 111 be added to the crimson lint, two of
them the murder of Mathewl and scot.
Thu facts the piddle :UT already fa
miliar with ; the theory that will em
brace every case van never be arrived at.
The whole story only goes to show that
keen as has been the scrutiny of human
character theme Ihoustinds or years, It
still has unsounded depths and uudls•
covered latitudes. And this ISlonunient
al City tragedy, whose eentral figure is
un elegant lady of the first circles of
society, only adds another enigma to the
lengthy list that our poets, philosophers,
and scientists are railed upon to solve.
Resuscitative Measures
The 310141 Fewdble Method. of Reviving
Permonw In lllowri of prow Ili nu..
As a matter of Interest In these Sum
mer days, when so many persons are
Indulging In ofsm-air bathing, we pub
lish the following directions for the re
suscitation of persons who are appa
rently drowned, yet in whose bodies the
spark of life yet lingers. Not to dwell
on by-gone methods, we may give at
once an outline of the scientific views
of Dr. Marshall Hall, with his remarks
on the customary modes of treatment,
and his reasons for supplanting them.
The method he proposes is termed the
'heady Method in Asphyxia," because
no apparatus of any kind is required.
The main indications are to renew in-
Hpiration, and improve the circulation;
the means are physiological and physi
cal. All obstructions of the glottis be
ing removed by placing the patient in
the prone position, i. c. with the face
to the ground, in which position any
fluids and the tongue itself fall forward,
our first ellbrt is to excite respiration,
physiologically ; should this fail, our
second is to imitate the acts of respira-
Lion, mechanically. Our next object is
to endeavor to improve the circulation,
which is done by promoting the flow of
the venous blood, and to restore warmth
in the limbs. Here again, as we pro
ceed, we must revert to the physiologi
cal principle of exciting respiration
from time to time. All these indications
are effected by the following short rules:
1. Treat the patient iustautly,•on the
spot, in the Open air, freely exposing
the face, neck, and chest, to the breeze,
except in very severe weather.
:2. Send with all speed for medical aid
and for articles of clothing, blankets, &c.
I. TO CLEAR THE THROAT.
. _
3. Place the patient gently . on the
face, with one wrist under the iorehead.
(All fluids, and the tongue itself, then
fall forward, and leave the entrance into
the windpipe free.)
11. TO 1•:\l'I"I'I: RESPIRATIO:s:.
4. Turn the patient slightly on his
side ; apply shaft' or other irritant to
the nostrils ; and dash cold water on
the face, previously rubbed briskly until
it is warm.
If there be no success, lose no time
but apply the third rule.
II I. TOII 11 'TATE ILESPI RATION.
Replace the patient ou his face,
U. Turn the body gently, butcomplete
ly on the side, and a little beyond, and
then on the face alternately, repeating
these measures deliberately, efficiently
and perseveringly, fifteen times in the
minute only. (This number of thoracic
movements per minute agrees with the
natural order of respiratory thoracic di
latations and contractions, correspond
ing with a slow movement of the heart,
averagingsomething less than sixty pul
sations per minute, and t therefore,
merits due attention.) The rationale of
the operation is this: When the patient
reposes ou the thorax, this cavity is
compressed by the weight of the body,
and expiration is promoted; when he is
turned on the side, this pressure is re
moved, and Inspiration is facilitated.
7. When the prone position is resumed,
make equable but efficient pressure
along the spine, removing it immedi
ately before rotation on the side. (The
first measure augments expiration, the
second commences inspiration.
iv. TO INDUCE CIRCULATION AND
EMBLEM
. .
8. 'Continuing these measures, rub the
limbs upward, with a firm pressure and
with energy, using handkerchiefs, &e.
0. Replace the patient's wet clothing
by such other covering as can be ln•
atantly procured, each bystander sup
plying a coat or waistcoat. Meanwhile,
and from time to time, proceed to the
fifth rule.
V. TO EXCITE INSPIRATION
10. Let the surface of the body be slap
ped briskly with the hand, or,
11. Let cold water be dashed briskly
on the surface, previously rubbed dry
and warm.
The measures formerly recommended
by the medical profession, and now re
jeqted by those who agree with Dr. Mar
elikli Hall, are, removal of the patient,
as involving dangerous loss of time ; the
LANCASTER, PA., WEDNESDAY MORNING JULY 26, 1871.
bellows, or any forcing instruMent ; gal
vanism, and the inhaling oxygen, as
useless. "The inhalation of diluted pure
ammonia has in It more of promise."—
N. Y. Tinic.9.
Newfoundland
Obitervallouens
turous or nn
Joxu Eplorer—An AU
vrney.
Norrespendenco of the N. Y. ha.ellow P(.,(1.1
ST. JoHN'S, N. F.,
June 20, 1871. I
Id a former letter I gave a partial ac
count of the adventure of one Cormack,
accompanied by a native Indian, who
was the first European to explore the
interior of New Foundland. I then re
counted some incidents connected with
his Journey through the wilderness, us
told by himself in a pamphlet published
at a later date, and ended my commu
nication with a brief description of the
Inhabitants of the forest. I now con
tinuo the narrative by remarking that
for a whole month the travellers tolled
through the savanna country, advanc
ing only about seven or eight miles
day, though often traversing twice or
three times that distance. The fogs,
which are so common on the sea-count,
they found to be entirely unknown
here, and the weather during Septem
ber was delightful. They often observ
ed the houSes of the beaver on the mar
gin of the ponds. Wolves were seen
occasionally, but they invariably fled at
their approach. The larch tree seemed
to be that to which the climate and the
savanna soil are most congenial. The
wild berries were very abundant, and
so large and fine in flavor as to be pref
erable to the fruit of other lands. On
them the bears, foxes and birds fatten,
though the vast proportion perishes uti
lised. The black duck of the interior
Cormack considers the driest bird for
the table in Newfoundland. The trout,
he says, "being unacquainted with ene
mies, take the artificial fly merely by
holding nut the line in the hand, with
out a rod." " No country in the world,"
he adds, "can afford finer sport than
the interior of this island in the months
of August and September. The beasts
of the chase are of a large class, and the
cover for all game excellent." The wild
geese and ducks breed undisturbed on
the edges and islands of the ponds anti
lakes, feeding on the berries and seeds
of grasses ; and when winter approach
es, they take flight in immense flocks
for South America, to return in Spring.
Curlews breed on the barren hills; snipes
and bitterns in the marshes; the red
breasted thrush in the scanty woods;
coons on every lake, while the ponds
and lakes were well stocked with trout,
of which there are three or four kinds.
These great plains, in fact, that were
conjectured to be untenanted wastes,
were found to be teeming with life.
Descending now from these command
ing heights, the travellers struck into
the vast, undulating plains which shone
so brilliantly. These they found to be
steppes or savannas composed of fine
black, compact peat moul t, formed by
the growth and decay of mosses, and
covered uniformly with wiry grass.—
They were in the form of extensive,
gently-undulated beds, stretching north
ward and southward, With running
waters and lakes, skirted with woods,
lying between them. Their yellow
green surfaces were sometimes uninter
rupted by either tree, shrub, rocks or
any inequality for more than ten miles.
They were checkered everywhere upon
the surface by deep-beaten deer paths,
and were hi reality magnificent nat
ural deer parks, adorned by woods
and water. The deer herd upon them
to graze In countless multitudes.—
Of the millions of acres here the travel
ers could observe no spot exceeding a
few superficial yards, (hit was not
bounded on all sides icy the deer-paths,
which took directions as various as the
winds, and gave the whole country a
checkered appearance, wlndlng from
park to park through the Intervening
:woods In lines as established and deep
beaten as cattle paths on an old grazing
farm. Judging front the herds they saw
and their countless paths, floritmck von
chided that these vast plains:aro amply
stocked with (leer, for which no part of
Northeast America possesses a territory
no admirably adapted. There is but 011 t,
specks In the Island—the caribou or Cer
vus Tarmundus, Some of theme reindeer,
which are liner even than those of Nor
way iind Lapland, attain the size of six
or seven hundred pounds' weight. The
Newfoundland reindeer, like that of
every other country, Is migratory,
always changing place with the seasons
for the sake of Its favorite kinds of food.
Cormack saw them on their periodical
migration from the mountains and bar
ren tracks in the west and northwest
division of the Interior, where they re
sort in Spring to bring forth anti rear
their young amidst the profusion of
lichens and mountain herbage. When
the first frosts of October nip the vege
tation, the deer Immediately turn to
wards the south and east, and the llret
fall of snow quickens their pace in those
directions, so that they may reach the
low grounds, where browse is to
be got, and the snow Is not so
deep over the lichens. It is a grand
sight to behold, this periodical migra
tion ; the reindeer hi countless thous
ands trooping in rapid succession over
the whole surface of the country, all
bending their course the saute way, in
parallel lines. Each herd consists of
from twenty to two hundred, connected
by stragglers or pickets, the animals fol
lowing each other in single tiles, a few
yards or feet apart, for if in close bodies
they could not graze freely. The lead
ing stag of the herd is as tall as a horse,
and invariably the fattest and finest.
They travel with their heads in some
degree to windward, in order that they
may scent their enemies, the wolves,
their senses of smelling and hearing
being very acute, but they do not
trust much to their sight. They
continue to travel southeastward till the
middle of February or beginning . of
March, by which time the returning sun
has power to soften the snow and per
mit their scraping it to obtain the
lichens underneath. They then turn
towards the west, and in April are again
on the rocky barrens and mountains
where their favorite mossy ground
abounds the most, and where in June
they bring forth their young. At the
necks of land that separate large lakes,
at the extremity of lakes, and at the
straits and running waters that unite
lakes, the deer unavoidably concen
trate in traveling. At those places
the Indians (Miemacs chiefly) encamp
in parties, :and stay for a considerable
interval of time, because they can there
procure the deer with comparatively lit
tle trouble. Cormack had no trouble in
shooting as many deer as he and his
companions required for food. The
venison he found excellent, the fat upon
the haunches being sometimes two
inches in thickness. He always aimed
at Winging down the leading stag of a
herd. "The ball having pierced him,"
says the traveller, "he bounds, gallops,
canters, falters, stands and tosses his
antlers ; his sinewy limbs quiver, un
willingly bend, and he stretches out his
graceful corpse. Should the ball have
passed through his heart he falls at
once, probably balanced on all fours.—
There is regret us well as triumph felt
in taking possession of the noble van
quished. A single (leer on the plain,
when there are no others near to give
the alarm, may be approached anti
knocked dcwn by a blow on the head
with an axe or tomahawk from a dex
trous hunter."
Cormack left Random Sound on the
sth of September, and on the 9th of Oc
tober he found himself 110 miles from
his starting point, and about the centre
of the island. Here thesavanna country
terminated, and he reached a hilly
ridge which he named "Jameson
Mountains," after his friend Professor
Jameson, of Edinburgh, rising about
twelve hundred feet above the level of
the sea. The main deposit he found to
be serpentine rock, with a variety of
other rocks, which he considered ex
hibited metalliferous signs in abun
dance. In the serpentine, on this north
east coast, rich copper deposits have re
cently been found ; and the probability
Ls that the strike of the serpentine is
through the centre of the Island to the
spot where Cormack found it so largely
developed; and that In its track will
be the copper-mining region of the
future. The Indian now began to com
plain heavily of the never-ending toil,
excessive exertion, wet and Irregular
supplies of food, and wished Cormack
to abandon the expedition and take the
nearest route to the coast. It, required
all the traveller's persuasive powers to
induce his companion to continue the
journey.
Again they moved forward, and now
they found themselves entering on a
primitive granitic region, separated
from the low slate country, covered with
savannas, by the serpentine:deposit.
Mountain succeeded mountain ; and
they had to creep their way, and some
times climb over confused heaps of
granite and white compact quartz. Here
it was that, us they approached the
shores of a large lake, the most Interest
ing episode of their Journey occurred.
To their great Joy they observed a faint
column of smoke issuffig from among
some islands live miles distant. No
trace of the red Indians had yet been
seen, and now they fondly hoped they
were at last to meet them. As they
wended their way along the shore of the
lake " there appeared among some
woody islets in front, a small canoe,
with a man seated in the stern paddling
softly towards us with au air of serenity
and independence possessed only by the
Indian. After a brotherly salutation
with me, the two Indians kissing each
other, the stranger proved to be a moun
taineer front Labrador, and could speak
a little of the Micmac language, his wife
being a Micmac." He int'ormed the
travelers that he had coma front Labra
dor to hunt In Newfoundland ; that this
was his second year In the island. Ile
hospitably Invited them to Ids camp to
rest for a day, where he said he had
plenty of venlsoq.
There is sonieth lug so novel and idyl
lic in Cormack's account of the moun
taineer's home that I cannot forbear
making a few extracts from It. "'the
island, on which the mountaineer's
camp was, lay about three miles distant.
The varying scenery as we paddled to
wards it, amongst innumerable islands
and inlets, all of granite, and mostly
covered with spruce and birch trees,
was beautiful. Ills canoe wits similar
to those described as having been used
by the ancient Britons on the invasion
by the Romans. It was made of wicker
work, covered over out-side with deer
skins sewed together and stretched on
it, nearly of the usual form of canoes,
with a bar or beam across the middle,
anti one on each end to strengthen
it." His wigwam was situated in the
centre of a woody islet at which we ar
rived before sunset. The approach from
the landing-place was by to mossy car
peted avenue, formed by the trees
having been cut down in that direction
for firewood. It was occupied by his
wife seated on a deer-skin. A large New
foundland dog, her only companion in
her husband's absence, had welcomed
us at the landing-place with signs of
the greatest Joy. Sylvan happiness
reigned here. His wigwam was of a
semi circular form, covered with
birch rind and dried deer skins, the
fire on the foreground outside. Abun
dance and neatness pervaded the en
campment. On horizontal poles over
the fire hung quantities of venison
steaks, being smoke-dried. The hostess
was cheerful, and a supper, the best the
chase could furnish, was soon set before
us on sheets of birch rind. They told
me to "stake their camp my own, and
use everything in it as such." Kind
ness so elegantly tendered by these peo
ple of nature in their solitude com
menced to soften those feelings which
had been fortified against receiving any
comfort except that of my own admin
istering. The excellence of the venison
and of the flesh of young beavers could
not be surpassed. A cake or hard deer's
fat, with scraps of suet toasted brown
and intermixed, was eaten with the
meat ; soup was the drink. Our hostess
alter supper sang several Indian songs,
at my request. They were Plaintive,
anti sung in a ;high key. The song
of a female and her contentment in this
remote and secluded spot exhibited the
strange diversity there is in human Mt
hare. My Indian entertained them in
cessantly until nearly daylight with
stories about what he had seen in St.
JOlllll.l. Our toils were for the time for •
gotten. The mountaineer's larder was
a kind of shed erected on the rocky
shore, for the make or a free circulation
of alt', and was ha reality a well-smelted
butcher's stall, containing parts of some
halt-dozen fat deer, also hits carcasses Of
heavers, of otters, of mosk-roh4, and or
martens, all methodically arranged."
After resting for two days with this
hospitable Itldluu, the travellers again
set nut, their host having drawn for
them on bark a map ()I' their route and
given them directions as to their course,
Now it was that theirseverest hardship(
commenced, On the lath October, snow
began t() Ihll ; their provisions were ex
hausted and their strength was rapidly
declining. Fortunately, when their
need was sorest they fell In with it
hunting party of Micmac Indians who
supplied their wants. On the Zath
October, when almost worn out, they
discovered smoke rising from a wood,
and on approaching found another
Micmac party encamped, one If whom
consented to conduct them to St.
George's t h ey. Without the aid of this
guide and the provisions he furnished,
it is very doubtful whether they would
have ever reached their destination
alive. On the Ist of November, from
the suminit of a snow-covered ridge,
they were gladdened with the sight of
StWeorge's anti the broad Atlantic.
On the 41.11 of November, they reached
the harbor, and received a most hospll,
, able welcome. Their remarkable Jour-
I !ley had thus occupied exactly three
. mouths
Debtruction of Rats
several years ago, we took possession
of au ancient mansion, in which the
rats reigned supreme. 'Phe nights were
made hideous unto us by their noctur
nal rambles and gymnastics. The revels
that they held banished sleep from all
but young eyes. &council of war was
held ou the side ot..he bipeds, and sev
erali: remedies w e proposed—but cats,
cats, were consi eyed the only means
of defence; so tvo good-sized grimal
kins were procu ed, and the conflict
raged during a whole season. Many of
the aged of the tribe went the way of
all animal flesh, but the prolificness of
the females was too much for their
enemies. the eats. Another remedy
was sought and found ; copperas or sul
phate of Iron, is very obnoxious to rats.
Mix it with whitewash, prepared in the
common way, and add the copperas un
til it is quite yellow. Whitewash the
whole cellar wall, sides and ceiling,
giving two coats of it if the underpin
ning is not well-covered at tin“.. scat
ter the green crystals of the copperas in
every crevice and chink in the walls:.
throw it broadcast into the corners of
the rooms, and your rats will make a
grand stampede fur other and more
agreeable quarters. At least that was
the result from our application of it.
All night there was hurrying and scur
rying in random; a new home must be
sought. The next morning the cats had
rare sport in the wood-house ard barn ;
the ruts were attacked, and forced to
surrender horsdu combat. The cats
could not eat all their spoils in one day.
It is now six years since the copperas
whitewash, or rather yellow wash, was
applied. Every Spring, crystals of cop
peras are thrown broadcast about the
cellar, and no rat dares show his whisk
ered head. Occasionally a timid squeak
or a feeble gnawing is heard in the walls.
The sounds are from new comers, who
soon belit a retreat. There is no gam
boling among the old rafters—nu play
ing ball with butternuts, as.of yore, In
, the midnight hours. One huge cat, of
' masculine gender, keeps watch and
ward over the premises, but with all his
watching and prowling around, he can
not feed himself, and is forced to seek
his meals in the kitchen. In a closet
where wee mice delighted to creep and
steal jellies and sweetmeats, bits of the
copperas were scattered, and not a trace
of them is now to be seen.
Last Autumn our neighbors were
sadly troubled with rats; apples, pars
nips, squashes and potatoes disappear
ed mysteriously, or were devoured on
the spot, but the contents of the boxes
were utltouched. The copperas does tot
seem to poison them ; no dead ones
were found, excepting those brought in
by the cats ; but it appears to be obnox
ious to them, and so they "vamoose the
ranch."
.. -.
Before this remedy was applied the
rats were very bold—had learned not to
fear us at all. They were everywhere ;
and a fond couple even dared to make a
soft nest in a Wheeler & Wilson sewing
machine, which was not In daily use.
The click of the wheel, as his ratshlp
descended the treadle at midnight to
procure food for his wife, revealed their
hiding place, and they were food for
the cat. This occurrence made us des
perate; If our bleeping-room was not
free from their tread, something must
be
{lone. Search was made for their
wa of ingress and egress, and behind
a uge wardrobe a large hole was dis
covered. A piece of zinc was nailed
tightly over it, and since then no rat
has been heard within our walls.
The copperas Is an excellent disin
fectant; no better can be found for
1 purifying old cellars, drains, vaults, &o.
It Is used every spring to sweeten the
slittdligatOzr
milk cellar, and a saucer of It always
sits In the wash-stands and sinks. It Is
very cheap—only three, four or live
cents per pound.—Cor. Cbunery Gentle
man.
A Romantic Story.
The Tote Earl of Aberdeen—Last at hen
homonee of the I' —Will the a.
lure Drina. rorth the Blissful; fan?
From the Ma wheeler Examiner.' 75 Ines, July 7.
One of the most romantic chapters in
the chequered history of the peerage Is
laid bare by the Judgment of the Edin
burg Sheriff of Chancery in the case of
the late Earl of Aberdeen. Fragment
ary reports of the more prominent facts
have been published, but we now for
the first time get a continuous narral lee
an most extraordinary series of events.
With -the full information before us, we
are justified in affirming that, while
many men have gone through more ex•
citing adventures, none have led a more
truly romantic and, to the last, a more
Inexplicable career than the late Earl.
This unfortunate nobleman succeeded
his father In 11464, being then twenty•
three years of age. Within two years
after—that is, in February, Isnit—he
sailed from Liverpool to the fatted
States on a visit confessedly of uncer
tain duration. A few weeks after his
arrival he entered himself its a common
sailor, under the assumed name of Geo.
11. Osborne, on board the It. Wylie, of
Boston, salting first to the Canary 14.
ands and thence to fire \Vest Indies ; and
he continued to follow a sea-faring life,
with one brief exception, until he met
with his death by drowning in January,
1870, while serving as first mate of the
Hera, hound from Itoston to Australia
and China. During all this time, it Is
to be observed, he wrote regularly to his
mother, the Dowager Countess of Aber
deen informing her of the nature of his
movemento, though at the same time
studiously suppressing the names of the
ships he sailed In, and even of the places
he visited, where they would not be re
vealedlny the postmarks on his letters.
When this singular correspondence—
which from its very nature admitted of
no reply—ceased, his family naturally
became roost anxious concerning him,
and eventually the Scotch Chancery
Court commissioned Mr. Harry Smith,
advocate, to proceed to America, to ob•
Lain the, depositions of any witnesses
who might be able to speak of the late
Earl's life in that country. The legal
proceedings were formal in the sense a
, being unopposed, and took the shape of
a petition to the Court from the present
Earl, praying that he might succeed to
the title and estate, which he was enti
tled to do on proof' of the death of his
brother without Issue. This proof, as
previously stated, the Sheriff deemed
conclusive, and judgment has been pro
nounced in favor of the claimant, who,
as a matter of fact, assumed possession
last year.
Such being the leading Incidents of
the story, it becomes interesting to
know by what means the identity of
George H. Osborne with the late Earl
was established. These are classified
under three distinct heads—First, pho
tographs; second, handwriting; third,
comparison of events. Six photographs
taken in this country at ditTerent times
were sent out to America, and all of
them were identified by the American
witnesses as portraits of the man they
had known under the name of Osborne.
There appears to have been no difficulty
in tracing Osborne's movements from
the time he assumed his incognito to the
date of his death, and numerous re
ceipts, memoranda, private letters, and
particularly log-book entries, were
found which he was known to have
written, and In all it was placed beyond
doubt upon comparison that the hand
writing was the same as that of the lute
Earl. The comparison of events was
equally conclusive. Thus, though the
writer did not mention the name of his
vessel, he told his mother In one letter
Unita parrot fell overboard ; that a shark
was captured, and that. once when
paint In tile yards he let the bucket of
paint fail and spattered the captain all
over withpaltit. All these incidenta are
shown to occurred on the voyage
of the it. Wylie, several of wh; se crew,
with the captain, have been examined,
and all of whom at once recognized In
the portraits ()I' the Earl the semutw
Osborne. Numerous other Incidents
are given, too trilling, perhaps, to be
repeated, but all tending to prove that
Osborne and the late Earl must have
been one mid the same person. 11 Is
deserving of mention as illustratlnF the
cool courage:of a man, that on a\\ inter
voyage to Trinidad the mainboom of
the sehooner—sixty feet long—Kul
adrift when Osborne was milting at the
end of it. He wits swung from side to
side of the vessel, and In the storm
which raged he was undoubtedly hi
great peril, but he calmly gave the prop
er orders for securing the boom, "which
the captain, from terror, was unable to
give at the moment." Two facts are
also staled, which, though not falling
under any one of the heads above men
tioned, are, nevertheless, of a strongly
corroborative eharaeter. Just before
lie set, out to sea for the last time Os
borne sold his rlfle to M. 0. Randall, of
Itichmon 0. This weapon was shown
to Mr. Harry Smith, and from the en
graved number and murK upon it, it
has since been identified by the
maker, Mr. Henry, of Edinburg, who
sold it to Lord Aberdeen on the
:20th of October, 180:1. The other cir
cumstance Is that among the effects of
Osborne, found on board the Hera after
his death, was a MS. copy of the "Rainy
Day," by Longfellow, set us a song, with
musical accompaniments. This, it is
remarked, was a favorite song of Lady
Aberdeen's, and the MS. words are
proved by her to be in her son's own
hand.
So far we have been dealing solely
with facts which,not indeed,of an every
day kind, but still facts which hardly
admit of doubt, notwithstanding their
strangeness. But these, it may be said,
make up only one-half of the story;
they are the mere outward expression of
a man's inner life. Admitting that fur
nearly four years the late Earl of Aber
deen led the life of a sailor, what were
his motives for taking such an altogeth
;er unprecedented course? Here, it
must be confessed, we are left very
much in the (lark. We Lye not abso
lutely !without a clue, but at best it is
a slender one, and to fill up the pic
ture, it would be necessary to draw
largely upon the imagination. The
SherifF, who appears to have a
partialty for the tripartite method
of treating a subject, observes that
the motives disclosed in Lord At,
erdeen's letters are: First Predi
lection for the sea. Second—A belief
that a seafaring life is beneficial to his
health. Third—A wish Cogan] some in
sight into the character and opinions of
the industrious classes. The first two
might have been followed without mys
tery, but for the proper realization of
the third secrecy no doubt was essential.
The British tar stands in 110 need of a
certificate of character. There is not an
atom of sycophancy in his composition;
but it is just possible that, were he to
know that his messmate was a real Earl
and grandson of a Prime Minister, it
might put him on his best behavior for
the whole of the voyage. The Earl
wished to study Jack as he really is, and
for this purpose Inc fearlessly placed him
self on the same social level. What the
"send-political topics" were to which
the Earl referred in his letters we are
nut told ; but perhaps we should not be
very wide of the mark if we were to
guess that more stringent legislation in
the interest of our seamen was their
chief burden. One other point remains
to be noticed iu connection with this
branch of the subject. The Sherif!' says
explicitly thp there is not the slightest
ground for attributing this change of
life on the part of the deceased nobleman
to any "infirmity of mind or temper, or
unfitness for society. On the contrary,
he appears to have been a man of super
lorintellectual gifts, combined with con
siderable force of character, and a de
cided taste for acquiring and Imparting
information." Equally flattering testi
mony is borne by the witnesses to his
uniform "correctness of conduct," and it
is added that he commanded the respect
and esteem of all who knew him. Minot
a little strange, albeit the world is such a
wide place/that the Earl was only recog
nized once after he changed his name.
In February, 1807, he went to the bank
ing house of Messrs. Duncan, Sherman
& Co., of New York, and got two checks
on the Royal Bank of Scotland cashed.
He was then recognized by Mr. Dun
can, who had previously seen him in
company with Lord Gosford and the
present-Earl. Such are the broad out
lines of this romantic story. On not a
few points curiosity remains baffled,
while It is not probable that further
light will ever be thrown uponilt. By
placing upon official record "all the evi-
dence known or supposed to exist" con
cerning this case, the most effectual step
has been taken to prevent any Imposter
from attempting to personate the de
ceased Earl at some future period. It
may not quite succeed In this design—
for who can assign bounds to human
elfrontery—but It will at least make the
triumph of any such enterprise well
nigh Impossible.
Vampires and Ghouls.
These gentry arb not yet quite dead.
At least the belief In them still lingers
In some country districts; while In
Southeastern Europe and Southwestern
Asia the credence prevails among whole
tribes, and even nations.
'rlie most detailed vampire stories
belong to the Danubian and Week
countries. Too melba describes a scene
that came under bas personal notice In
(Ircece. A peasant of Mycone was tour•
demi in the !Veld In the year 1701. De
had been a Illicit of quarrelsome, ill
natured disposition: just the sort of
man, according to the current belief of
the peasantry, to be haunted by Yam.
bfires after death. Two days after hie
urial, it was !wised abroad that he had
been seen to walk in the night with
great haste, overturning people's goods,
putting out their lights pinching them
and playing them strange pranks. The
rumor was so often repeated that at
length the priests avowed their belief in
truth.lts M1L21 1 ,04 were said in the chap
els, and ceremonies WCrt!performed,
having for their object to drive out the
vampire that inhabited the dead man.
011 the tenth day after the burial, a
mass was said. the body was disinterred
and the heart taken out. Frankin
cense was burned to ward off infec
tion ; but the bystanders insisted on the
smoke of the frankincense being a di
rect emanation from the dead body,—a
sure sign,,aecordling to popular belief,
of vampirism. They burned the heart
on the sea-shore, the conventional way
of getting rid of vampires. Still, this
did not settle the !natter. Positive
statements went the round of village
that the dead man was still up to all
kinds of mischief, beating people in the
byeaking down doors, unroofing
houses, shaking windows. The !natter
became serious. Many of the inhabit
ants were so thoroughly frightened and
panic striken as to lice; while those
who remained nearly lost all self con•
trol. They debated, they fasted!, they
made processions through the village,
they sprinkled the doors of the houses
with holy water, they speculated as to
whether mass had been properly said,
and the heart properly burned. At
length they resolved to burn the body
itself; they collected plenty of wood,
pitch, and Lar,and carried out their plan.
Tournefort (who had found it necessary
to be cautious as to expressing his in
credulity) states that no nitre MIS heard
of the supposed vampire.
In the year 172.5, on the borders of
Hungary and Transylvania, a vampire
story arose, which was renewed after
wards in a noteworthy way. A peasant
of Madveiga, named Arnold Paul, was
crushed to death by the fall of a wagon
load of hay. Thirty days afterwards,
four persons died, with all the symp
toms (according to populltr belief) of
their blo id having been sucked by
vampires. Some of the neighuors re
membered having heard Arnold say
that he had often been tormented by a
vampire; and they jumped to a conclu
sion that the passive vampire had now
become active. This wits in accordance
with a kind of formula or theorem on
the subject ; that a man who, when
alive, his had his blood mucked by a
vampire, will, after him death, deal with
other permit's hi like manner. The
neighbors exhumt;il Arnold Thud, drove
a stake through the heart, cut off the
head, and burned the body, The bodies
a the four persons who had recently
Bled were treated In a similar way, to
make surety doubly sure, N everthe less,
even title did not sullice. I t 173:2, seven
years later these events, seventeen per
sons died In the near übout one
time. 'rile memory of the unlucky
Arnold recurred to the villagers; the
vampire theory was agnin appealed
to; he was believed to have dealt
with lie seventeen its he hail pre
viously dealt with the four; and
they were therefore disinterred, the
heads cut all', the hearts staked, the
bodies burned, and the ashes dispersed.
One suppositkni was that, Arnold tun
vitinplrized mime cattle, that lite seven
teen villagers hall eaten of the beef, ant
had Mien victims In consequence.
This allitlr itttriwted much attention a
the time. Louis the Fifteenth dlrectet
his tunbustottlor at Vienna lea nake In
qulries In the :nutter. Many of Ow wit
uesses attested on oath that the dinin
terred bodies were full of blood, and ex
Whited few of the usual symptoms of
death ; indications which the believers
In vampires stoutly maintained to be al
ways present in such cases. 'rids has
induced many physicians to think that
real cases of catalepsy or trance were
mixed up with the popular belief, and
were supplemented by a large Illiow
atlVO of epidemic fanaticism.
Mr. Pushley, In his 'travels In Crete,
states that when he was at the town of
Ask ylo, he asked about the vampires
or katakhanadhes, us the Crelons called
them—of whose existence and doings he
had heard many recitals, stoutly corrob
orated by the peasantry. Many of the
stories converged towards one central
fact, which Mr. nimble) , believed had
given origin to them all. Vu one occa
sion a man 01 some note, was buried at
St. Ueorge's Church at Kallkrati, in the
island of Crete. An arch or canopy
was built over his grave. ]Sat he soon
afterwards made his appearance us a
vampire, haunting the village, and
destroying men and children. A shep
herd was one day tending his sheep and
goats near the church, and on being
caught in ashower, went under the arch
took shelter from the rain. He deter-
mined to 1,11 -QS the night there, laid aside
his arms, and stretched himself on a
stone tq sleep. In placing his firearms
down (gentle shepherds of pastoral
poems do not want firearms; but the
Cretans are not gentle shepherds), he
happened to cross them, NOW this cross
ing was always believed to have the ef
fect of preventing a vampire from emerg.
ing from the spot where the emblem was
found. Thereupon occurred a singular
debate. The vampire rose in the night,
and requested the shepherd to remove
the firearms in order that he might pass,
as he had sonic important business to
transact. The shepherd, inferring from
this request that the corpse was the
identical vampire which had been doing
so much mischief, at first refused his as
sent; but on obtaining from the vampire
a promise on oath that he would not
hurt him, the shepherd moved the cross
ed arms. The vampire, thus enabled to
rise, went to a distance of about two
miles, and killed two persons, a man awl
a woman. On his return, the shepherd
saw some indication of what had occur
red, which caused the vampire to threat
en him with a similar fate if he divulged
what he had seen. He courageously
told all, however. The priests and oth
er persons came to the spot next morn
ing, took up the corpse (which in day
time was as lifeless as any other) and
burnt It. While burning, a little spot
of blood spirted on the shepherd's foot,
which instantly withered away; but
otherwise no evil resulted, and the vam
pire. was effectually destroyed. This
was certainly a very peculiar vampire
story; for the coolness with which the
corpse and shepherd carried on their
conversation under the arch was unique
enough. Nevertheless, the persons who
narrated the affair to Mr. Pashley firmly
believed in its truth, although slightly
differing In their versions of it.
Modern vampires In Western Europe
seldom trouble society, so far as narra
tives tell ; but across the Atlantic some
thing of the kind has occupied public
attention within the limits of the pres•
en t generation. In 1854 The Times gave
an. extract from an American news
paper, the Ivorwich Courier, concerning
au event that had Just occurred. Hprace
Ray, of Griswold, died of consumption
In 1840 ; two of his children afterwards
died of the same complaint ; eight years
afterwards, In 184)4, a third died. The
neighbors, evidently having the vam
pire theory iu their thoughts, determin
ed to exhume the bodies of the first two
children, and burn them; under the
supposition that the dead had been feed
ing on the living. If the dead body re
mained lu a fresh or semi•fresh state, all
the vampire mischief would be pro
duced. In what state the bodies were
really found we are not told; but they
were disinterred and burned on the Bth
of June in the above-named year.
All the stories of vampires, ghouls,
and were-wolves, we may safely assert,
can find their solution in a combina
tion of three causes,— a sort of epidemic
superstition among ignorant persons;
some of the phenomena of trance or
epileptic sleep; and special monomaniac
NUMBER 30
diseases which It I
physician to study
The Philosophy of the Birds' Nest
White, In hitooNatural History of
Shelburne," says:
" It has been remarked that every
species of bird has a mode of nldi
fication peculiar to Itself,so that anchool
boy would at once pronounce on the sort
of nest before hint. This is the case
among fields and worsts and wilds; but
In the villages around London, where
mosses, and gossamer, and cotton front
vegetables are hardly to be found, the
need. of the chaffinch has not that ele
gant finished appearance, nor is so
beautiful with ilehenn, as in a more
rural district ; anti the wren In obliged to
construct Ito house with straws and dry
grasses, which do not give It that ro
tundity and compactness so remarkable
In the cffilicen of that little architect.
Again, the rural nest of the house-mar
telt is hentimpherle ; but when a rafter,
or a Joist, or a cornice may happen to
Abend in the way, the nest In no eon
tri veil as to conform to the obntruction,
and bowmen fiat, or oval or compress
ed." White, an everybody knows who
ham read his charming book—and who
hies not a strong believer in the
old orthodox idea of instinct. It neems,
however, that the name re-marks which
apply to man In his savage stale, ap
ply to birds. Man uses the materials
which he can most readily obtain, and
builds in situations which he thinks
most fitting fur his own security and
comfort. The birds do the same. The
wren, for Instance, frequenting hedge
rows and low thickets, builds its nest
generally of moss, the material most
abundantly found in its haunts. Hooks
dig in pastures and plow fields for grubs,
and thus continually come across roots
and fibres; these they use to line their
nests. The crow—feeding on carrion,
dead rabbits, and lambs, and frequent
ly sheep-walks and warrens—choose
fur and wool to line its nest. The king
fisher makes its nest of the bones of the
Itch which it lUL4 eaten. Swallows use
day and mud from the margins of the
ponds and rivers over which they find
insect rood. And so we might multiply
Instances showing that the materials of
birds' nests, like those need by savage
man for his habitation, are those which
come first to hand. The advocates of
the instinct theory argue, however, that
it is not so much the materials as the
form and structure of the nests of va
rious birds that differ. But the delica
cy and perfection of the nest must al
ways depend on the size and habits
of the bird. 'lake a few instances:
The wren—remarkable for the neat
construction of its nest—ham a slen-
der beak, long legs and great activity;
it is therefore able, without any dinlcul
ty, to form a well-woven nest of tile
poorest materials, and places it in thick
ets and hedgerows, which It frequents
in its search for food. The tit-mouse—
haunting fruit trees and walls, and
searching the cracks and crannies for
insects—builds in holes, where it has
shelter and security ; while its great ac
tivity, and the perfection of its bill and
feet, enable it readily to form a beauti
ful receptacle for its eggs and young.—
Pigeons, on the other hand, having
heavy bodies and weak feet and bills,
construct rude, Hat nests of sticks, laid
across strong branches, which will bear
their weight and that of their young
Taking a few of the sea-birds by way of
example, we find that the HILIIIO rule
holds good. Many terns and sandpipers
lay their eggs on the open sands of the
sea-shore. This Is not because they are
unable to form a nest; but because, in
such an exposed situation, they would
most likely have their trouble for their
pains, for a nest would he more easily
discovered, (lulls, again, vary much in
their modes of nesting, according to
their habits. Ilence they build either
On a bare rock, on ledges of sea (AIWA, or
In marshes or on weedy shores. I lure,
again, the materiels are those easily
found, living sewweed, tufts of grass, or
rushes, piled together In the awkward
manner wide!' their webbed feel, and
clumsy bill compel. Returning to the
question of instinct, It Is generally
supposed that. a yminig bird will build
IL nestpreeisely like the conventional
nest of Its species, oven if it has never
seen one. Ii this were true, the I nsti net
side would have It; but recent natural
ists deny thud there Is any proof a this.
Facts, ito far 1111 they have been ameer
tallied, speak to the contrary. Birds
brought up from the egg in cages do not
make tile characteristic nest, of their
species, even when supplied with t,ln
same materials used by that species It
building their nests. Often, Indeed
they build no nest at all, but merely col
lea the materials Lugether In a rude Luis
nluyun beep.—One A !reek.
A Chlnt•me Deisltsbed
the Chinos° hay() many t•uatomm pa
Intr to (lair withal which atmlt
lUM===l
rat and strange. Their religious traditions
aro also deep-rooted and so strongly ton•
tered by superstition un to give little en
couragement to missionary , laborers. The
most striking or these superstitions are
those pertaining to the disposition of their
dying and dead relatives. Very often the
load bodies of chinos° men and women
are round In untenanted buildings In the
Chinese quarter of the city, and those un•
acquainted with their MI ponAltions are
prime to set the desertions of dying friends
down its eats Or neithlllOOSS. Thin, howev
er, is not no, as thin Chinese believe that If
persons die in a house that they lived hi
before death their spirits will haunt the
places aver alter, and give unpleasant evi
dence or their presence to all who remain.
In order to prevent the manifestations of
the restless spirit, as slum as the doctor
gives it as his opinion that a patient can
not survive he is taken to another place
:and lett alone to die. Yesterday a case of
this kind was reported to the coroner. A
young Chimtwoman, who had been given
up by her attending physician, was carri
ed by her relatives to an untenanted house
on Ellis Place, off Pacific, above Dupont.
They then dressed her in her best clothing
spread a new matting on the floor, and laid
her on it. Then they brought in preserves
meats, fruits, candies, boiled rice, etc.,
lighted some punks and retired, leaving
her alone to await the corn ming of the
ctilninon destroyer. During the day she
ditd, and was found last ought. Coroner
Letterman removed the body, and it is now
at the Morgue, awaiting the further action
of the relatives, who will probably leave
her to be disposed of by the city, as is gen
erally their practice iu all such civic's.—
Many Chinamen, those of the wealthy
classes, do not desert their dead friends,
and for the furtherance of this desire there
are several hospitals fitted up, in order that
those about to die may be removed there
until they have paid the debt of nature,
after which they are buried with all the
ceremonies of the disciples of Confucius.—
Sus Franci.sco Indict in.
ME=
An Innocent Man Hung
The trial of Connell in the Criminal Court
last week created a profound sensation be
cause it throw a new light on a question
which was considered settled. Connell
was accused of being accessory to the death
of Fenton, fur the Murder or whom Ualvin
was hung nearly two years ago. About
twelve witnesses were examined, whose
testimony ail went to show that Connell
was blameless ; and a vast mass of the
testimony went to corroborate the truth of
the testi irony w hich.Galvin gave of himself,
when on the point of being shoved into
eternity, that he did the shooting in self-de
fense. One young loan, who was not a
witness in the Ualvin trials, named Ran
dolph Miller, swore that Fenton shot first,
while Ualvin had his hand on the door
knob, in the act or 'going out.. Attorney-
General Wright discharged a strong rebuke
at the witness for having these facts undis
closed in his bosom, when he knew that
by telling them a new trial could be got for
Galvin. The witness said that he had nev
er been summoned on the case. The gen
eral complaint made by thelriends of Ual
vin was that everything was carried on
with such a high hand, and persons were
so Intimidated by the whole regime of the
period, and the numorous satellites attacl
ed thereto, that it wan worth more than a
man's life was worth to voluntarily offer to
tell the truth.—Memplatf Appeal.
A Very Mad Came
As day after day goes by, and the mem
ory of the bloody 12th of July fades away
and takes its place In history, new horrors
that have been hid by the smoke of the car.
nageon Eighth avenue develop themselvem,
and victims of the riot that never by word
or deed encouraged such unlawful proceed
ings are carried to the grave. One of the
saddest cases is that of the young lad
Thomas J. Spring, a native American, and
In the best promise of hopeful manhood,
who was shot mortally in the side and lay
In the improvised shambles, corner of
Eighth avenue and Twenty-fourth street+
for an hour and over, among the dead and
dying in the hot July aun. Young Mr.
Spring had taken a walk over front the
Free Academy, or which he was one of the
brightest pupils, having, in every instance
carried off the honors of his class, and
while nearing the scene of the conflict,
which had just begun, his life was aped by
a Minis bullet from the soldiers in the
street. He will be mourned by all who
knew him as a bright, intelligent and gen
tlemanly young lad.
THE BALTIMORE #OISORIN6 CASE.
The PrißOOPle to Isll—Her
Visitors Derded.—sympathy for
the Accused.
The recent developments In the poison
ing case, in which Mrs. Elizabeth G. Whar
ton appears as the principal actor, continue
to engross public attention, and yesterday
there were various rumors afloat concern
ing the accused, of her death, suicide,
all ofwhich proved to be without the least
foundation in fact. It is understood that
although Mrs. Wharton appeared well and
cheerful on Saturday, she had been very
11l the Friday night preceding at her resi
dence, having been attacked with an epi
leptic fit, to which she is said to be subject.
On reaching the jail she was allowed to re
main in ono of the ante-rooms wits her
friends until the cell selected for her was
made ready. 'this cell is on the tired tier,
facing went, No. 1117, immediately adjoin
ing that of the matron, and next to the ono
occupied by Mrs. Marsh, who, it will be
recollected, slaughtered her three children
on Central avenue while insane, and who
Is now, by order of the Criminal Court,
confined i the Maryland Hospital. She
has never recovered her lemon' shies that
fatal calamity. 'rho yell of Mrs. Wharton
Is furnished an plainly as possible, she
having been allowed to have seal from her
dwelling one bedstead, lied, washstand,
chairs, Over the grating or the door of
her coil hangs a lace curtain, which ex
cludes the occupants from the
of passers along the corridor. Miss %% har
lot', the daughter, has been idlowed to re
main wJth her mother.
On Saturday night Mrs. Wharton was
restless, but ou Sunday remarked In the
warden that she felt quite well. She slept
through Sunday night, and both ire that
day and yesterday had a good appetite, the
meals for herself and daughter being sent
from a restaurant
Miss Nellie Wharton appears to be do•
votedly attached to her mother, and does
not leave her except occasionally to gel tho
air in the corridor. The onlimrs state that,
although cheerful 111111 lively In the el II
with her parent, idle In Invariably seen In
learn when out er her Illotheen preserve.
Wilrduti Irving, k !lowing that close con-
Multiunit In the 0111 would he anything lint
conducive up health,particularly to it young
person, suggested to Miss Wharton the
propriety or using the Jail tinelosure for
her walks, where she might Inhale the
pure air of the !lowers and sli m bbery.--
she thanked hint very kindly, but remark
ed that she knew her mother multi not au •
vompany her, anti therefore she must ile•
The warden shown no 1,110 to intrude
upon Mrs. Wharton, and no visitors are
admitted to her unless by express permis •
sion of 010 Board of Visitors of the Institu
tion, and the curious who tinny visit the
Jail with t h e expectation of seeing her un
authorized will be disappointed. Yester
day she had a lengthy interview with Mes
srs. Steele and Thomas, her counsel, and
afterwards the Rev. Mr. Converse, of (I race
Episcopal Church, spent 1111 11,111 r ill her
cell, Several officials of the army, personal
friends of the Into Ni ahir Wharton, 11311 i a
member of the legal profession from Wash
ington, also called at the Jail to nee her, but
were only allowed to sand up their cards.
Dr. It NI eSherry, NI rn. Wharten's lam llv
physleian, in vompany with I/r. Jaeob W.
Houck, the physician to thejall, visited the
prisoner late fast evening, when mho imp
peared to be net. so well as during the day,
and the knitter expressed fears that she
might have an oppeptie attack during the
night. Whatever degree of erline may
attach to the accused, it is evident that she
has many warm, sympathetic friends in
the community, especially among those of
her own sex.--/laftiono . e San, July IS,
The Brood Prospect-•Illeport of the Ile•
portment of Airrleollore.
WASHINIITON, July 111.—The July re•
turns of the statistical divinion of the De
partment of Agrieulturu show a marked
increase In the average of corn, amounting
to fully ft,ooo,oou of acres, of which 2,000,-
000 are due to the determination of the Cot
ton States to supply themselves with bread
ittid meat. It is assumed that the area In
corn equals 42,000,0011 of acres, or more
than half of the total 'wrong° of all tilled
crops. The only Statics failing . to Increase
their area In corn are New York, the New
England Suites and the Pacific Status. The
percentage of increase in other Staten, Is as
fellows: Now Jersey 2; Pennsylvania I ;
Delaware 3; Maryland 1 ; Virginia 5;
North Carolina It; South Carolina 12;
Georgia 10; Florida 7; Alabama 11; NI in
ninnippi 14; Louisiana 15; Tuxes 15; Ar
kansas 21; 'Tennessee 7; Wont Virginia
; Kentucky 3; Nllstiouri 1U; Illinois
Indiana ; I Mio :t; ichigan 3; NV Isom.
sin 7; Nlintiosina II; lowa 15 ; hCwsay fal;
Nebraska 30.
The condition of SN'inter wheat on the Int
of J tily wan minnow hat above ail average.
The Spring varlotlen presenteil a worse ap
pearttneo titan has been reported for several
years at the name date. The ripening of
Winter wheat has been fully n week earlier
than unual, and a largo proportlim hail been
cut at the date of the return., Never was
there a bettor promise In early Spring, and
the coot 'strati VII preVlllolll'o lif insects and
local injuries from drought have 'been the
principal drawintickn. States show Ina
a comparatively low condition ere New
ilampnidre,
Virgllllll, turd all Lho sa'n'e SOW l
ore Staten, (Ikeepl, TOXII4, while liellleeky
presents nu average of 3J ion• cont. iletiniii•
ration, Indiana 7 per cont., and California
17 per cent.
Among the States shaving average
are t Gil', 4 per emit. above, M lehlgail 5,
I Iltuuin 7, Minnottri 3, littimas 7, Nolininita
lit, Oregon I, 'rho ‘Vllittir wheat of lowa
and Wlneonnin Is In higircintilition, but in.
sigh In area. The auction having the
largest area of Nv hate . wheat is the erne ill
Whieh its rnudiLluu in highest, though a
majority or the Whiter wheat Stales torn
comparatively poor condition, Thu mily
Stitto4 front W 1114.11 favorable reports of
Spring wheat are received are Maine, New
Gamionhlru, Connecticut mid Oregon. The
pertiontagen below art average amt Inmoit
ri 30, Illluuls itU, Indiana 2, Ohio 7, Michi
gan .1, WINeMINIII 20, :111111110011./130, I(IWIl
itetelett It; anti Nebraska 11. ChineCm tug
has been very destructive to Spring wheat,
After allowing for Moine:onm In acreage
and the large yield of Winter wheat in good
wheat districts, the lons In tire Spring va
riety :mint reduce the aggregate yield
somewhat below tot average. Tile hay
crop will bon comparatively ~mall one.
Potatoes routine air average yield If they
(swap° drought and rid in the future.—
Notwlthntanding Me prevalence of the Col
orado bug,eictitinued vigilance hum partially
averted loss,
11111==
The Nfonliginnery ( A laliarnit) Ailvertinrr
roel rem the lineedoto of the In terelow of M r.
wry Latirenn, of South Carolina, In lino,
with I Shelburne, When the writ of ha
bean C 011,11.4 became the nubf uet W mover
nation. Mr. ',annum was appointed Minis
ter to Holland by the Cot,thiental Congromn
In 11W, ho wan explored before reaching
ilk dontltmtßm, and detained in the Tower
of London for more than a year. In the
meantime the able Lord Shelburne became
premier, and 1,1,11r0111i was released, and
even treated with groat kindness by the
British officials. On ono occasion when he
was dining with Lord Shelburne, the con
versation turned on the Independence of the
American colonies, when Lord Shelburne
quietly observed :
"I am sorry for your people." "Why
so Y' asked Laurens. "'1 will lose t h e
habeas carpus," was the reply. " Lose the
habean corp as I" said Laurens. "Yee,"
said Lord Shelburne. "We purchased It
with centurion ol wrangling, many yearn of
fighting, and had it confirmed by at least
fifty acts of Parliament. All this taught
the nation its value, and it ix so Ingrained
into their creed IN the very foundation or
their liberty, and no man or party will
ever dare trample on it. Your people will
pick it up and attempt to use It; but having
cost them nothing they will not know how
to appreciate it. At 1.110 unit great internal
fettu that you have the majority will tram
ple on it, and the people will permit it to
be done, and SO will go your liberty."
In view of the Ku-Klux and bayonet
election bills, It would nem as If these
ominous anticipations had been literally
verified. Let us hope, however, that this
is but a brief episode, the long continuance
of which the people will not permit. The
reasons which induce Englishman to prize
haftems corpt<4 are equally cogent with
Americans, because It was the common
heritage of both, and the men who fought
for it through centuries were their common
ancestry. W hen the passions generated by
"internal feuds" have ceased to exist, It
will be found that .Ihere is no more danger
of Americana becoming the Moves of des
pots than Englishmen.—Baffintorc Sun.
Practical Woman'. Bights
About twenty miles from the Healing
Springs in the Allegheny mountains, there
lives a most remarkable woman. her
name Is Morrison, but she Is known all
throe ctli the country by her maiden name
of "Miss Jennie 'tucker." She Is about
sixty years of age, hasher hair bobbed like
a man's, wears a man's hat, and rides a
horse astride. Hunting Is her moans of
livelihood, and she kills deer, bear, and
other game with the skill of forty years ex
perience. Not long since she wounded a
deer, but before coming up with it anoth
er hunter—a man—had gotten to it and
commenced carving it up. The old lady
expostulated with no avail, and finally
drew a bead on him with her rifle to enforce
her "rights." 'the fellow jumped behind
a tree, but loft his heel exposed, at which
vulnerable spot the old lady tired and hit.
She got her doer. She has nine or ten chil
dren, and is said to treat all travelers hos
pitably who stop at her cabin. She uses
tobacco, but never gots further in swearir.g
than "by sounds, ' which Is her favorite
exprenniorn If any woman wants her
"rights," lot her floe to the Allegheny
mountains.—Letter from, Bath county, Va
Revere Storm In Tennessee
Accident In Consequence.
MEMPHIS, July 10.—A storm occurred
last night which surpassed In fury any
witnessed hero for years. The tele
graph poles north of here wore prostrated,
trees uprooted, and vast damage done to
the crops. Tho night express train on tho
Memphis and Charleston Railroad, hence
for Chattanooga, when near Grand June.
Lion, ran, through a trestle washed away by
the flood. The engineer was killed and
twelve or fifteen passengers wounded.
MEmpllut, July lU.—The accident pro
vlounly reported occurred to the eastern
bound train on the Memphis and Charles
ton Railroad, about a mile east of ithe
Grand Junction, at daybreak, this A. M.
The rain the night before had washed away
the trestle, and the engineer did not ob
serve it until too late to stop the train.—
The engine, tender, baggage and two pas-
senger cars fell into the ditch. The rear
passenger car became separated from the
others and was not injured.
Railroad