THE LANCASTER INTELLIGENCEL
pIIIILISFIED EVERY rNE3DAY BY
U. a. SMITH & CO
A. J. STEINMAN
TERMS—Two Dollars per annum payable
In all cases In advance.
THE LANCASTER DAILY INTELLIGENCER la
published every evening, Sunday excepted, at
$1 per annum In advance.
OFFICE—SOUTHWEST CORNER or CENTRE
S/UARE.
Vortrp.
AS IDYL OP TILE PERIOD
ll=
"Conn. right In! 1•144 w are nut, Fred?
Find a chair and have a light,"
" Well, old buy, recovered yet
Front the Mather's Jain last night.""
"Didn't dance, the Gentian's old."
pul ? I had to load—
A'wftil bore; but where were pin?"
''Sat It out with Monte Meade;
Jolly Ili tie girl she is—
Said she didn't care to dance,
'I) rather have a quiet chat
Then she gave me such a glance;
Si,, When you had cleared the room
And hail captured all the chairs,
dlaviny nowhereelse, we IWO
possession of the sialrs ;
I was on the lower step,
Mollie MI the next aboe;
I iaVe 1111, bouquet to hold—
Asked nne to draw . 4411' her glove,
Then, of a °arse, 1 squeezed her hand,
Talked about 111 y wasted lily,
Sabi illy sole salvation must
Be a true and gent le wile,
'1'114.11, you know, I used ;Inv
She believed Mu) every Word
Almost sald she loved me-40, v !
Such a v 014.44 I never la,
;ate me some symbol ie flower,
Had it meaning, Oh WIWI ;
Don ' t know What it is, l'n) sure - •
:%111h1 hrnr 1,1111,1 i it ill t 11• t 1• , •i
/lOW I Sllllolol'4 .1111 i •111 . --t1:1 ha!
ii/d/. 101. k IL ,vasn't rlgl4l,
Itut .1:11
" 1,-11 I .1 , 1•1111 , !
W11" . 11 11 , " I 1.1 0:4 .1 nil.
A I,l' ,V11:11 10,111'1 . ,1 11,1 111.,/11,
hq n
Illlt ..., il inn av,111.•.
1;1 !von 115115f111_1r I;
TIo „ •ri nlnn'l 1,11,1, 1, i 1
all hinn
1111 1 11:111.
1111 1 r 111113 on
In•
111.1 in., 111,1 1,o• o•.1,g111, 11111 11
H.:111 1//, rl,lll IIJt•
1 t, 1111111,1 114.11,1 111.11•1(1. -
1 . .11111,.11 i 1 I 10111.1
Itll l "Id ~r aY ' ,11,1 I
Anil I iJnoltii, ina I Inub!:
r I 11 1111//11 1111, and said
Thal I'd ',tit,' tall: s'llll lin,
1111111 In..ll , lnty
'a 'dint;
'l'll,ll 1,11.1
Allll 11, IcHilo4 I 1111 ill 111 1:111
31 . 1115 111.1toNi ly,
R.,1•1 Iy. 11 . , 1,11,1111'111 1:1,. 11
111•
Wll`. 1111 In 1,11••1
Ih,tiv.lsl 1,1 d
lin,. 111 1,1 , 411,
M,'ltott hr
1,1111;111 up a t•:Il
, 1111111 Xlll ha , it 111/k,',
111 IV1111••12 (11l 111 •111•1 v..,
It , :1 1 11 1 - ,llxl' 1111111•
li,vni I
S I'6in i,ll
III"! lilt,
.. hard li .
.31141 I Illnin,lit 1..1 . 1.'11 In, nil, I: luny,
sid lillll 1111 . 1 . 1111.
I I:111A, 11 ,V:0•11 . 1 xoally
T , r Irill.. 51111 111. 1 . 111111,,
I{lll !WWII 111, Nltl.ll 0•1511 , 1•111 , 1 111ing ,
1 11..3 . :t ”111.0 11
.5..111'
CE113333
A su.ll:ry
hdirti
111 :t
111 i.)ri.i. 11 , 1111' 111_111
Willi 11./1,1111111:4 111,X.
=l=l
TO Vlllll , llll 1,11,1, 1111•,i4,1111111,,
ill , Skil, IVIIII ,1111,41 1111. lin , lit
And (1..111,111c, 1 , 11, /ill
ALII,VarI Ilia N14,t..111
tg , t zenith Ilig• light
It, 1114,y (golds :11111 r:, , lllttiggg• 1111,311.
till. 11 , 11111W:11d. /11111111 111111,
Intgltler, %% it I, -
'I'311• cloud , tirt• Hitt fgl.l.
Through 'wok,. chums of light
Thu glo,viug 1,11 111.• ,/ght
• .
/ktitl nll Ilit• rti. with Myst,. r.
[night
o•vory :1%.•t o.
imrpit• li, ight
WWI splellWit,ll)ll.l.4
A 111011S111111 1.111 t. up, and nn0....-
Tla.y rk...111, I,•na•ut. 3aa,
roN,y radian., ripplo , n'cr
Eatal Slllllc-115111, 11, 111,1 - 1111 , 1 10111,
Tile Vl'llll,lll I ig 1114 111.,•1111l1.
7 . 11 P\'ancl 111111 km lily
gl low "no• illottlt•EWN spat.,
1.11,0 , tar I Hyllipt,' Itile
\\ ,vllll threNh•tillig.
1,1111,1 vs
A IranNi..3ll :1% 1 1 311 . 1
1 1 1 111. Sllllllll,l •111.1 , 1 1 .11,, 1101 , 111111 116•1'
1 1, 1 1.10 scell 1) 1 .11.:1111 1 11 . 111U1,1 11.11 , 1,
A 4,0,,,011 , 0 u110•011t :1 , 16,10 011,t•olitls
I.lilloll IPle I , IIIIIIIIN Itt‘l..
The hpir r".y
And no.tt dn.:4 His
gl.)1,111 anti N 111•111,: 111 111,SIty
The .14/1111,4 1114..11CW/1/1, i1,111•111iY,
1J4•1111,
Through drill I.lg e1.:.1 , 115itt,,1.• stm.
1-.:11111,.:1 I. &whim,. railiall..l.l.lr.
And liki.Nl/1111.
, otk 111,111'. dia.lo.ll,
51:1t.11.1.,r,
sNylitwillt light
The oav st•nt corth. ~,thp.
Ar.. best lone r; ,arlll
g:i l / 1 /1•11(N
Aull night ;L:ik•ctid, 111. r
ittisCfhlncou
Wonders or the Sea Bottom
The wonders or the ocean are not less
than those or the land. Beimath the
sea there are moult iaillS, cal it..VS,
attuiplaitu,,t.punii groves or rural ill won
drous I'urmalions, of submarine
vegetation in a Intiltitlltielif slr:utge anal
1 . 1,11115. There air oceati caves
andocean rivers; and :in almost infinite
multitinge of ,nion:Li•ine animals, poly
pi, insects, shell-11 , 11, and other fish,
little and great a world or animal life
as great in its variety as that of the land.
The sea has its elepliant:4 and tigers, its
predatory and ferocious beasts or prey,
surpa,sing anything known to the jun
gles id India or .‘frica. world of
busy and struggling life, of endless wars
in which the greater attack and devour
their smaller and weaker neigh hors. Iti
the llllSeell depthsl of the sea there are
plants and 'lowers as uuuternus and
abundant and in 1 . 01111,1 :11111,14, if not
quite as beautiful, :LS those of the upper
world in the tropics. The work of deep
sea soundings has of late years been re
duced to something like a science.
The revelations ~r this depalllllellt of
Modern investigation 11:1V0 made us
acquainted with a strange and hither
to unkilow II world; :toil not the
least interesting things brought tip
from the ocean depths are the minute
shells denoting a microscopic insect
life that once existed WI primeval
shores, and which sou' forms a large
proportion or the ocean bed. The in
vention of Past Midshipman Brooke,
who was associated Willi. Professor
Maury, consists era cylindrical iron rod
passing through:al:error:tied cannon nail
which is attached to two moveable ears
at the upper end of the rod by a sort of
sling, Si, :I.lollSiell lilat when lilt`
,drikes the bottom, the roil can be
dchicheil and drawn up with a portion
tit' the ocean mud or sediment adhering
to the little hollow cup at the bottom of
the roil, which is prepared Willi soap or
tallow Sll that a specimen tic I he subma
rine still may adhere to it. Every tittle
this apparatus is used the shot and sling
are of course lost, the roil alone being
recovered when the line is palled in.
Ily this contrivance, specimens or the
sea bottom have been brought up from
a depth or four miles.
Between the islands ort'u ba and I I nyt i
the navigator lloats above a perpendicu
lar ravine front 7,000 to S111h) feet deep;
a depth considerably exceeding the
height of Mt. \Vashington. ltetween
Ilayti and l'orto Rico, and between the
latter and the \V ind ward Islands the
average depth is not I pine 7,000 feet.—
Beyond the \V inil ward Islands, to the
east ai d south-cast, the pluniniet fulls
suddenly to a depth or about 17,11110—a
measurement 2,000 feet greater than th,/
height of Mont Blanc. Sailing on to
ward the African coast the submarine
bottom is found to rise suddenly at a
point perhaps all miles front the \Vind
ward Isl:lnds, showing 13,0110 feet.—
Again it descends suddenly to Iti,nou
feel; and then continues to inark a
depth, varying by sudden changes from
16,000 to 10,1u11 reel, all the way along
the Atlantic Ocean until near the (Jape
1/e Verde Islands, when the depth,
even close in shore, is thou t 1.1,7i1it• feet.
These pinnacled isles rise to the height
of 10,1100 feet above the sea, Deep gulfs
separate the one front the other; anti a
still deeper gulf, with almost perpendic
ular sides, like a huge submarine canal,
separates these islands front the African
coast.
These, and most other gulfs of the
(wean bottom,. in different parts of the
world, are supposed to indicate the
places and the extent of the disruption
by which that mass ofratter, then in
a far less dense condition, was thrown
off, vhich constitutes the moon.
If we add to the measurement of the
depths beneath the sea that of the
heights above, we can form au approxi
mate estiniate of the stupendous forces
in the interior of the globe which pro
duced such irregularities on its surface.
Maury's chart shows very clearly the
comparative ocean depths, wheresound
ings have been matte. It remains to
he ascertained what the depths of the
great Southern Ocean are. The deep-sea
basins which separate Asia and Africa
from Australia and America have not
been explored, chiefly because there, for
vast spaces of blue sea, the navigator
sails fearlessly before the wind, and
dreads no rock or shoal which would
make him desirous of knowing the
depth of water on which he floats. The
same thing is true of the Southern At
.i1...1x 3.4alttat:ett .- .sittcltigiettet
VOLUME 72
lantic.; and in fact, the greater part of
the world beneath theses remains to be
explored. It is believed, however, that
the average depth of blue water is from
3 to 4 miles.
It is pretty well ascertained that the
greatest ocean depths do not exceed, as
a rule, the heights of the loftiest moun
tains; say, about five or five and a half
miles. In its configurations, the bottom
of the sea bears a close resemblance to
the mountains and valleys of the dry
land. There are plains, valleys, ravines,
escarpments, deserts of sand, immense
deposits of mud, rolled stones, pictur
esque rocks, and even water-springs and
volcanoes.
' The sea green light, below the waves
only penetrates a short distance. The
profound depths are dark. Yet, even
there, there is abounding life. Insects
and fishes made with organs of sense
and perception to lit those silent abodes
in the world of water are known to exist
in countless numbers and an almost
infinite variety of form. The pressure,
front the superincumhent weight of
water, is enormous; and to this condi
tion, also, the structure of the inhabit
ants of the lower deep is found to lie
adapted. Of course they must be small
in size. A whale could not long live in
the lowest depths, because of density of
the water, if there were no other reasons.
Accordingly we find that the specimens
of lower ocean life which are brought
tip by the improved apparatus of the
deep-sea plutnmet are mostly miero
scopic in character. But sonic are
larger. Strange creatures..if surprising
forms, in the lower depths move more
slowly in an element which may lat
called gross, when compared with our
1110,11111'11`. Below the water-zones in
habited by such submarine monsters as
the polypi, with their family relatives
the devil-lisp, the euttle-lisp, and other
strange creatures, seemingly as nearly
related to the giant branchingsca-weeds
‘v:is to litiman then
a still lower world of animals gradually
diminishing in size,but vast hi II 11111 ireN.
It would seem as it' Nature hail sought
to euuipcnsatc her ITO:01111:S 6y eutbrw
ing them with all inerialible feeundity
Io niaki• tip for the causes of destruction
by which they :ire surrounded. It is so
on land, with the rabbit, and other ani
mals exposed to a multitude of devour
ing enemies. The fecundity of the rab
bi' makes amends tin• the constant
wholesale destruction of his tribe by
owls, foxes, wildcats and other foes.—
some fish of large size have only Iwo or
three young, like the majority or terres
trial animals; but what shall we say of
the fertility of the herring, the macker
el, the cod, and other inhabitants of the
seas? It has been calculated that if a
Herring could tun! tiply &twilit:2o 3 ea
without losing any of its spawn or fry,
its oll'spring, would Mimi a mass ten
times greater than the globe' This
sounds too large; but remember that
the increase iu such a else would
proceed in ft geometrical ratio. Anil
if such is the fecundity of these
fish, it is obvious that the smaller crea
tures which are destined to serve 115 Moil
l'or these enormous hosts must be more
prolific still! On the mackerel-fishing
grounds, 011-the coast of Maine, we have
seen diesel' colored by minute, ruddy
looking forms, supposed by the sailors
to lie of a vegetable nature, and to rise
:it certain seasons from the bottom. It
comes from the bottom ; but it is doubt
less animal, not vegetable, ill its nature ;
and it is known to Milo the mackerel's
fond.
It is in the temperate, and even more
northern zones, that the greatest variety
of submarine plants and wondrous vege •
tation in the sea depths is found. As we
advance toward the equator, vegetation
becomes less abundant and less varied.
The water is too warm to be agreeable
to the greater number of the alga•; and
if in any part of the equatorial seas the
submarine vegetation attains the scale
of grandeur, it is still wanting in the
delicacy and elegance which mark. the
submarine vegetation of the temperate
zones. From our Connecticut coast to
the l'..erinuilas there is an unceasing
abundance and amazing variety of sea
vegetation, only a small part or which is
ever cast ashore upon the rocks. But
how beautiful are some of these! \V hat
lovely and etherially del icatesea-flowers
van be picked off the outer rocks of our
coast
Of the alga., the principal family of
the marine flora, at least 2,000 species
are known to exist. The eaticties are
almost limitless. Some of these under
sea-plants lISSUIIIe the most strangely
grotesque forms. In English waters,
where investigations have been most
extensive, 10.3 g6nera and 370 species of
alga , may be counted. The law of na
ture which gives a numerous animal
file to the polar regions, as the white
bear,Aretie fox, reindeer, musk-ox, ,\c.,
While it denies to those inhospitable
regions all vegetabl2 life, extends also
into the sea. The whales, seals, walrus,
and a multitude 1)1 . lish proper,
abOund in the Arctic seas; but not so
the lieitntilalltaxurianee of submarine
vegetation which exists at all points on'
our Connecticut and Rhode Island
shores. The vegetation of the sea, as of
the land, disappears before the ice and
the unending cold. It is so in descend
ing into the ocean depths ; in the deeper,
darker depths there are fish and various
forms of submarine animal life I chiefly
infusoriim long after vegetable life dis
appears. It is the liner forms of the so
called sea-weed up the upper waters that
present us with the most beautiful speci
mens of sea flowers.
Dark brown :Mil slimy in their ap
pearance they are gathered, these little
marine plants often develop, when pro
perly eared for in the pressing -book, a
delicate fineness and beauty surpassing
anything except, the miracles wrought
in Winter by the artist, Frost, upon the
crystal-spangled surface of the window
pane.
The bottom of the sea is an enchanted
country. I ts animal inhabitants ale
self-luminous; they thunder upon their
enemies from a distance; they harden
themselves into stone. The old classic
fable of Daphne transformed in to a
Laurel is realized, every year, every day,
in the (wean. There is no region, with
a favorable climate and all agreeable
site, where itnimals :ire not found in
myriads, aiding, day by day, by thei r
petrilleation, in building tip rocks and
reefs immense extent. Thus is the
coast Florida made. Thus have its
dangerous keys " been formed—nay, a
vast part of that great peninsula itself is
a coral formation. And it is still form
ing—the work is all the time going
(01. So of the eountless coral is
lands and reefs of the meas
ureless Pacific. An island ten miles
wide and twenty miles long only
half reveals its real extent; its broaa
est part is its wide-extending base
beneath the sea The substance of
Which the ancient city of St. Augustine,
in Florida, was built, called by the
Spanish settlers, (yr/Irina, is a curious
secretion of marine shells. They are
mostly small; and all are nicely clean.
What hob/8 them /ogcCher, so that the
builder can go Collie quarry at the edge of
the sea and with an axe cut them out ill
blocks for building, does not appear.—
But what countless billions of these lit
tle shell-fish must have died to produce
these deposits.
It is a wonderful work. If we direct
our gaze into the liquid crystal of the
Indian Ocean, we shall see realized the
most wonderful dreams and fairy tales
of our childhood. "Fantastic bushes
be living flowers," says one author,
"the massive structu re of the meandrina,
and list real contrasting with the branchy
tufts of the explanaria, which biossmn
in the form of cups, with the mad ripor
idle, of elegant structure and ever
varying ramifications. Everywhere
throughout this region the eye is
charmed with the brilliancy of
color: delicate shades of sea-green,
alternating with browns and yellows,
rich purple tints passing from the most
vivid red to the deepest ;blue ; nulli
pores, yellow or pink, delicately touch
ed as the peach, covering decaying
plants with a fresh development of life,
and themselves enveloped with a blank
tissue of retipores resembling the most
delicate carvings in ivory. Near by are
the yellow and lilac fans of the gorgo
na, worked like jewelry in filagree.—
Strewn over the bottom are thousands
of sea-stars and sea-urchins of the most
curious forms and varied colors. 'rho
ilustra, the esehara attached to branch
es of coral-like mosses and lichens, and
the patellithe striped with yellow and
purple, look like great cochineal in
sects on the ground. Then the sea
anemones, looking like immense cac
tus flowers, brilliant with the. most
glaring colors, adorn the clefts of the
rocks with their waving crowns, or
spread out their blooms, till the sea
bottom resembles a border of many-
Colored ran un culuses. Around the coral
bushes play the humming-birds of the
ocean—brilliant, little fishes, now spark
ling with metallic red or blue, now with
a golden-green, or with the soft hue of
silver. All this marvelous manifesta
tion of life is displayed in the midst of
the most rapid alternations of light and
shade, changing with every breath, with
everyundulation that ripples the surface
of the sea.
We have not yet fairly touched upon
the animal life of the sea—itself a world
of wonders. It is enough to require a
chapter to itself.
How Railroads Are Managed
Lively :fleeting of the Stockholders of
the Pennsylvania Central Railroad-
Racy Proceedings•--Owners of
Roads Not Permitted to
Know the Doings of
Their Agents.
A Pugnacious Stockholder, Ac..
annual meeting of the stock
hold of the Pennsylvania Railroad
was field in Philadelphia, on the 2lst
in. . 'lire attendance was quite large.
llc . Daniel M. Fox, Mayor of the city,
was 'ailed to the chair, and Joseph Les
ley, was appointed Secretary.—
The twenty-fourth annual report of the
lloard of Managers was then read by
the Secretary. The statement of the
Treasurer was then read, and I Lou. Isaac
Ilan leh u rat Cubit]] tied the follow :
L'ule , ,l, That the report of the
Boarli of Directors for the year IS7O, be
;toil it is hereby accepted by the stock
holders, ani I that it be published in
palli ph let form.
if, That Ike act entitled "An
act authorizing corporations to inerea.se
their bonded uhligations and capital
stack," :11,pri)Ve , 1 the day of De
cent bet', A. I).,:LULL iL is hereby
accepted by the stockhulders of this
Company, and that the :ter-cid:ince of
the said act by the lloard of Directors
and their action thereunder be and the
saute is hereby ratified ;mini confirmed.
55/r( il, Tina the action of the Board
of Directors or this comp:toy in agree
ing to subscribe for 54110,00n.0f the capi
tal stork of the American Steamship
Company of Philadelphia, when organ
ized, and in agreeing to indorse the
bonds of said company to the extent of
one million and a ;half or dollars,
'51,500,0000 in pursuance of authority
conferred by law, be and the same is
hereby ratified mid confirmed.
John I Dilute said that he had just
listened to the annual report read. It
contained a mass of figures which no
, now could digest upon hearing it when
; the report was read in the same man
ner, a vote of thanks was passed, and
thus ended the stockholder's meeting.
No word of inquiry was made, and no
demand for explanations of the report.
The. result is that the poor stockholders
upon reading the report several months
afterwards, discover things which they
never dreamt of. lie Mr. II.) thought,
that it was time, for the credit of all
concerned, that this should no longer
lie a mutual admiration society. Ile did
not know whether the confidence was
greater iu the stockholders or the
directors. For one, he considered it his
solemn duty once a year to investigate
the doings of these agents, and not let
things go as before. It may he remem
bered that, in 15)17 r was retired front
the Board of Directors ;titer nearly ten
years' .service. At that time I had pub
lished a letter stating, amongst other
things, that I had faithfully endeavored
to protect and advance the interests of
the stockholders and the City of Phila
delphia, and that I intended to continue
to do so whether in or out of the Board.
I now propose to redeem in part that
pledge by offering a resolution which I
sincerely hope every stockholder pres
ent will see the propriety of advocating.
My present action I consider Its a sol
emn duty I ()we as a trustee for stock
holders who are unable to protect their
own interests. I therefore, Mr. Chair
man, submit the following resoltuion
llr Boleed, 'that the report of the Pres
ident and Directors of the Pennsylvania
I tailroad Company for the year 1570,
just read, be referred back to the said
President and Directors, for the Milow
ing purposes, namely:
1. To make out a clear and compre
hensible balance-sheet., showing in de
tail all the liabilities of tile Pennsylva
nia Railroad Company, iu stock, bonds,
debts, and obligations of every kind;
showing all guaranties of dividends, in
terests on bonds, and other liabilities of
all other roads, leased, purchased, or
controlled by the Pennsylvania Railroad
Company, or by any Of said roads ; giv
ing the amount in detail of stock, bonds,
and liabilities of each of said railroad
companies, as also the par-value and
the market and cost-price to the Penn
sylvania Railroad Company of said
stock, bonds and liabilities. And on
the credit side of said balance-sheet to
make a clear 11111 detailed statement of
all the assets of the Pennsylvania Rail
road Company of every description
whatsoever, includim , all stocks, bonds
and securities of all railroad companies
or other concerns, leased, purchased, or
controlled by the Pennsylvania Rail
road Company, and the par, market, and ,
cost-value of the same.
2. To slate clearly and in detail the
number of freight cars of all descrip
tions owned in fee and used in the in
terests of the stockholders of the Penn
sylvania Railroad Company, and also
in like manner the number owned iu
fee by all roads leased, owned, or con
trolled by the Pennsylvania Company,
together with the amount and character
in classes of freight transported in the
said ears during the year IS7II. Also,
state the number of freight ears owned
Icy the Inion, Empire, and other trans
portation companies (excepting Adams
Express) travelling liver and usini , the
Pennsylvania Railroad and all the
roads leased, owned, or controlled by
Pennsylvania Railroad Company, to
gether with the amount and character
in classes of freight transported therein,
and state in detail the amount of money
respectively received for transportation
by all the classes of cars above muted.
Also, state the amount received by the
said various railroad companies for the
use of depots, horse-power in making
up trains, labor of I.adin g and unload
ing, and for repairs or the cars or said
transportation companies during the
year Is7o.
3. To state the amount collected for
berths in sleeping cars and extra charges
in palace cars by the owners thereof
whilst running over the Pennsylvania
Railroad and 'all its leased, owned, or
controlled railroads, together with the
amount received by said railroad com
panies for repairs, horse-power, and de
pot use front said Sleeping and Palace
Car Company during the year 1670.
4. To state the amount of drawbacks,
allowances, or deductions made to the
different transporters of coal, iron, lum
ber, or other materials over the Penn
sylvania Railroad and the other roads
leased, owned, or controlled by the said
Pennsylvania Railroad Company, to
gether with a full statement of all dis
criminations and differences made by
the officers of any of said companies itt
the rates of charge for the transportation
of coal or other things, and from and to
the sa u te points to the different custom
ers of said railroads.
5. To state the amount of salaries paid
to all and each of the various officers of
the Pennsylvania Railroad and all the
roads leased, owned, or controlled by
the Pennsylvania Railroad Company,
together with the names of all said offi
cers and the extra allowances made and
paid to them over and above their regu
lar salaeies during the year IS7O.
That this resoluti'on, together with
the report thereon by the President and
Di rectors of the Pennsylvania Rail road
Company, be printed in pamphlet form
and distributed amongst the stockhold
ers of the said company, at least two
weeks prior to an adjourned meeting of
stockholders to take the report into con
sideration on the first Monday of June
next.
In offering this resolution, embracing
six se c tions, I desire to say a few words
relative to each. The first section pro
vides fora detailed balance-sheet show
ing all the liabilities and assets of the
Pennsylvania Railroad Company, and
of the various companies controlled by
it. Said roads, as I understand, num
ber thirty-three, and stretch over the
country for thousands of miles. The
necessity for such a statement is self
evident. The stockholders of the Pen n
sylvan ia Railroad ought to know the
condition of these outside properties.
They and not the Board of Directors
have been made responsible for debts
and liabilities, and should know what
they receive for assuming such an enor
mous amount of responsibilities, cer
tainly much more explicitly than is
shown by the past reports of the Presi
dent and Directors of the Pennsylvania
Railroad. In the twenty-third annual
report for 1869 we find an item in the
assets stated as "Cost of bonds, stock of
municipal and other railroad corpora
LANCASTER, PA., WEDNESDAY _MORNING MARC 18, 1871
tions" of over $6,000,000, and another
item of "Bills and accounts receivable
and amount due from other railroads"
of over $8,000,000. Proprietors of rail
roads should know what these securi
ties consist of and their real value. This
lumping of assets is deceptive. In com
paring the reports of the board of the
Pennsylvania Railroad Company for
1868 or 1868 it will be found that the
stock of the Pennsylvania Railroad
increased :
I 4 IMO In the•cuin of 54,452:J50
And the bonded debt Inert....Nrd 5,1'_11,254
Total Inerease of llabilities In one year511,572,g1.1
The interest on which suns is at II per
cent 691,-8
To met,: this Interest there Is only a
gain of gross revenue in ISGP Over
ISlis of 17,311
Again we find by ,omparison Matto,
gross earnings of the Pennsylvania
Railroad In IsalanioUnted to II ,591,113
And tile net earnings for ;the same
lisle ill 5,111,113
Leaving for operating, and other ex
pen., c (:,7,41,ti00
1 ,1,1015 t In P.M the gross clirnings
anionnt , d to .. 17,25i012
Anil the in, earnings toonly 5,0-17,.',11
Aud operating and 0113, vxpeuse
Thus showing a decrease of $63,81/9 in
net earnings after seven years__ hard
labor, and in the meantime nearly
doubling the stock and bonded debt of
the Company. Verily, it is time for the
owners of this huge concern to slumber
no longer, they had better wake up and
demand of their agents a full and clear
statement, so as to ascertain what has
become of the enormous expenditures
which have necessitated the prodigious
increase of capital stock and debt and
the curious ilitference as shown between
gross awl net receipts. In regard to the
second and third sections of my resolu,
lion it is unnecessary to say anything,
for it is already known by every busi
ness man from the Ohio In the Lela
; ware, that the whole system of farming
out the legitimate business of railroads
to various fast-freight lines, sleeping,
and palace-car companies, is an atroci
ous outrage on the shareholders of
railroads and on the community at
large, involving as it does, two sets
of expenses, and two, or may be live,
illegitimate profits to be borne by the
public by advanced rates of charges for
transportation, and :it the same lime
taking the cream of railroad business
into the pockets of these parasites at
the expense of railroad shareholders. I
am credibly informed that one of these
fast-freight lines originally invested one
million cash for cars, and out of surplus
earnings have increased their capital to
live millions, on which latter sum one
per cent. per month dividends lire re
alized, which is sixty per cent. on the
actual cash outlay of one million. I
do not vouch for the truth of this state
ment, but 1 do know that if this system
be not soon abolished, the value of rail
road shares will be, for it is foreseen that
ere long this outside or inside organiza
tions will become rich enough to buy a
majority of the stock of railroads, and
thus have the power, by control thereof, '
to contract with themselves, to mono]-'I
olize all the profits, and leave the poor,
confiding, innocent shareholders to •
starve. As to the fourth section, it is I
well kill/Wit that certain favored parties I
are allowed drawbacks to such an ex- I
tent as to effi. , ctually exclude others from '
using said railroads. I am informed
that on the Northern Central only one
coal company can carry an thradte coal
to Baltiinore, the tonnage drawback al
lowed said company being a stir
licient profit, in itself to exclude
all other coal operators who can
not reach the amount of tonnage I
on which the drawback is allowed ;
thus keeping tip the price of anthracite j
coal in Baltimore, and lessening the re- I
ceipts of the Northern Central Railroad
Company by the exclusion of custom- 1
ers. As to the :Ith section of my resolu- ,
tion, all stockholders must acknowledge I
their right to know what compensation
the lirm pays to its various employees, 1
take it no exception can be taken to this
inquiry. Nlr.Chairman,you at least know
me well enough tojudge that in offering
this resolution I am actuated only by a
solemn sense of duty find a desire to
protect the interest of those who confide
in me as their trustee, as also to protect
the value of the large interest of the City
of Philadelphia in railroad stocks,which,
if sacrificed, would increase the already
burdensome taxes that myself and other
citizens are subjected to. And now,
gentlemen stockholders, I beg you, be
fore it is too late, to look more into your
own affairs. A full knowledge of the I
condition of the great tirm, of w iich '
you are all part ners, is of vital MI ort
mice, for we eannot forget that by meg-
leet and too much eon lidence heretofore,
large institutions have become utterly ,
bankrupt, causing the ruin of thousands
of innocent confiding shareholders. If
the policy pursued by the President
and Directors of the Pennsylvania Rail
road be so very enlightened as claimed,
it is due to us, as the owners, that we
should lie sufficiently enlightened to see
it, and fully appreciate their services.—
In my own name I now hold no stock
in the Pennsylvania Railroad proper,
having sold out for want of confidence;
but I do men a large amount in one of
the branches of the firm, called the
Northern Central, whose directors are
appointed by and under the control of
the President of the Pennsylvania Rail
road. The stock I hold in said road I
cost me $.lO per share, and has flow
dwindled down to IM. I claim my '
right, and the right of other owners of
this branch of the mother concern, to
know what kind of enlightened policy
tins produced this result. In conclusion,
I earnestly appeal to my partners in in-'
terest, to have the moral courage to sup
port me by VOti II g Mr this resolution of
enquiry. it can do no possible harm, I
and may save us from future regrets. If
you do not so vote, you will assume the
fearful responsibilities now on the
shoulders of your agents.
WHY THIS CENSIAZE.2
Theodore Cuyler, Esq., said that he
hail heard the statement front the gen
tleman himself that he is not a stock
holder, and inquired why he was at this
meeting. Was he here as s taxpayer?
The City of Philadelphia subscribed
M the stock of this company.
She has had back dollar for dollar, with
six per cent. interest, and now holds
S. 4 3,000,1)00 ;IS a clear profit On the invest
ment. I 4p.plause. I Is the gentleman
here as it property-holder!. rnder the
protection and fostering care of the
Pennsylvania Railroad Company, Phil
adelphia has doubled in population and
quadrupled in wealth. The gentleman
has said that he has sold his stock. He,
as a trustee, however, holds the stock
because he knows that it is the best in
vestment which he can hind. If he is
apprehensive of safety, why, under his
oath as a trustee, does he hold stock as
such In 1.547 committees went about
the city to raise the capital to begin
this road. From house to house they
went. Servant girls, porters in stores,
and humble mechanics were asked
to take one share, to build a road
of 356 miles from Philadelphia to Pitts
burgh, or really *2:54 miles , front Harris
burg to Pittsburgh. This was four and
twenty years ago, and now through this
same company there are 3,600 miles of
railroad tributary to the. City of Phila
delphia. nut of that small subscription
to build 2.50 miles of railroad there has
grown 3,600 miles of road, which are this
day tributary to the City of Philadel
phia ; and the day is close at hand when
the City of Philadelphia and the stock
holders of this road will have the satis
faction of having a road stretching to
New Orleans on the south and the Pa
cific on the west, tributary to this city.
While all of this was being worked out
by the mere operation of the western
connections, the liabilities incurred in
making them have been extinguished,
and this splendid road, with its magnif
icent equipments, will soon have a live
and twenty per cent. paying stock. In
face of all this the gentleman speaks
about " poor stockholders." This road
is managed with great wisdom, integri
ty, and fidelity, and if the stockholders
vote for this resolution they will vote
for an implied censure of the manage
ment.
In closing Mr. Cuyler moved to by
the resolutions of Mr. Huline on the
table.
Mr. J. W. Derbyshire—Mr. Chairman,
as the gentleman has no stock in this
company, he is not privileged to otter
the resolution.
Mayor Fox—As the gentleman Mr.
llulme) stated, he had stoat( in a con
cern controlled by this company, I deem
he has a right here.
. .
Mr. Hulme—l am no orator, and
therefore am unable to cope with my
learned friend in buncombe. But lie
asks, " Why am I here My right
here is stronger than his own, for where
as I own stock, he is only a paid attor
ney by this road, and therefore I might
well say he has no right to mingle in
this affair or discussion. If he impugns
my figures by'supposiug them incorrect,
then the figures as furnished in the re
ports of the board are false. Mr. Cuyler
also wondered that I, as a trustee, would
invest the funds of my constituents in
stock in which I had no confidence, and
he also says I am crazy upon the subject
of fast-freight lines. As to my invest
ing as a trustee, I have always made it
a rule not to invest for those I represent
in anything I would not take myself.
But it has so happened in this case the
trust funds were handed over to me al
ready invested in this stock, and that I
have since used my utmost endeavor to
persuade my constituents tosell out. But,
like all bodies, they thought more of
high dividends, no matter how derived,
than of the safety of the principal. As
to fast-freight lines, I acknowledge
frankly that I voted for the contracts
with the Union and Empire lines, al
though at the time objecting to the
whole system as destructive of the best
interests of railroad companies. But
under the assurance of the President
agreeing with me that they were wrong
in principle and mischievous in prac
tice, but it was theonly means of crush
ing similar organizations by competing
lines, I finally yielded to accomplish
that purpose. But now, gentlemen, see
the result. At a meeting of the trunk
lines, in 1563, in New York, a resolution
was introduced to abolish the whole
system as destructive to the interests of
stockholders and tending to corrupt
railroad employees. That resolution
was defeated only by a vote in the neg
ative by the representative of the l'enn
sylvania Railroad.
MEM
11=
Mr. John M. Kennedy said: The
matter of express trains 1 do nut pro
pose to discuss, but I want to be under
stood as affirming my deliberate convic
tion that the occasion which induced
the company originally to restore to
them has continued and does exist to
the present time, and that its results
tune• been highly profitable to the in
terests or the publicand to the company
also ; lam not yet prepared to admit
that the tine has vet arrived when this
company may advantageously abandon
that policy, though that the time is
coining when it will be necessary so to
do I can readily perceive. If, as Mr.
Hulme desired, a minutely detailed
statement of the affiiirs of the company
was prepared, he himself could not un
derstand it. Bo you think, gentlemen,
that it would be policy to alloiv the gen
eral public—or say the Baltimore and
Ohio railroad—ln get an Insight to the
workings of this road? r responses of
"So!" " No!"
Mr. Hulme—What arc you afraid of?
The )layor then put the motion to lay
tile resolutions offered by Mr. Holme on
the table, and this W:18 almost unani
mously agreed to.
Mr..leeph Jones oircied this resolu
tion :
That the transfer of the se
curities of the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati,
and St. Louis Railway, held by this
Company, to the Pennsylvania Railroad
1 ;11 reau be deferred until the stock hold
ers of the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and
St. Louis Railway Company have had
an opportunity to express their senti
ments in relation to the said transfer.
Mr. C 1111; of New York, astockholder,
asked information on these points. lie
heard rumors that this road was the
owner d,' facto of the Union Pacific
Railroad ; that it controlled the stock ;
that there was a combination. to absorb
all the lines which this company now
controls west of Pittsburgh ; and, fur
ther, that the Pennsylvania Railroad
Company was to lease the Camden and
Amboy Railroad Company.
Thomas A. Scott, Vice President of
the company, arose to reply to these in
quiries. First, he said, the Pennsylvania
Railroad has no interest in the Union
Pacific Railroad. Second, that the ex
tensions of the Pennsylvania Railroad
Company now are limited to Chicago,
St. Louis, Louisville, Cincinnati, and,
as leading from these centres, others
forming connection with New Orleans
and lines to the Pacific coast. Is there
any other inquiry
Mr. Cliff—Yes; regarding the Cam
den and Amboy Company.
Mr. Scott—tilt! that is such a small
matter that I had overlooked it. Well,
there are pending negotiations for the
lease of that road which we think will
be highly beneficial to this company.
Mr. Hazlehurst's resolutions were
limn adopted withouta dissenting voice.
Mr. Jones' resolution, on motion of
A. J. Derbyshire, was referred to the
Board of Direct° N.
A resolution of thanks to the Mayor
for the able manner in which lie ful
filled the post of chairman, was passed.
The meeting then adjourned.
tinders In the Eye
1)1 . . lienry \V. Williams, the eminent
oeulist of this city, is contributing to the
Motithill a valuable series of
articles, about " On Eyes, and how to
take Care of Them." In the March is
sue he oll'ers the following practical sug
gestions :
"Travellers, especially by railroad,
are liable to the lodgment of small par
ticles of dust or cinders inside the lid or
upon the front of the eyeball, causing
great suffering. These should be re
moved as soon as possible, before the eye
becomes excessively sensitive, and be
fore they give rise to inflammation.
Sometimes these foreign bodies are to be
seen, on close inspection, lodged in the
front of the cornea, where they are not
felt when the eye is open, though every
movement of the lid over them causes
much pain. If not firmly imbedded
they may be removed by of a bit of
wood, say a toothpick, sharpened to a
flat point, or even by a camel's hair
brush; but when forcibly implanted
thay are sometimes so firmly held in
place that their extraction requires a
skillful hand. When fixed in the cen
tre of the cornea, with the dark pupil as
background, they are frequently over
looked at a first inspection. If the for
eign body is not found in this situation,
it will be discovered, in nine cases out
of ten, inside the tipper eye-lid, and
generally :it abort the centre of the lid
near its border. Thus placed it scratches
the cornea at each motion of the lid or
eyeball and causes'greatirritation. Such
particles once slightly imbedded in the
membrane lining the lid may remain
there a long time lwfore,being expelled
by natural efibrts.
If the eyelids are closed fora few nun
tiles, soon after the entrance of the for
eign body, so as to allow the tears to ac
cumulate, and the skin at the centre of
the tipper lid is then taken hold of with
the thumb and finger and drawn for
ward so as to lift the lid front the eyeball,
the intruding particle is often washed
away with the outflow of tears.
If rel ler is not obtained after two or
three trials of this plan, and no physi
cian is at hand, it will be best to ask a
traveling companion to turn the lid and
remove the ()trending substance. But
if this should be a grain of light-colored
dust or sand, good eyes or eye-glasses
will be needed to detect it.
The upper lid may be easily turned
by taking hold of the eyelashes and
edge of the lid with the thumb and lin
ger of the left hand and drawing the
lid outwards and upwards, while at the
same time a small pencil, a knitting
needle, or some similar thing held in the
right hand is placed against the centre
of the lid, pressing it backward and
downwards towards the eyeball. The
person should look down, as this great
ly facilitates the eversion of the lid,
which may be accomplished if these di
rections are followed. The cinder or
(lust may then be wiped off with a hand
kerchief or the finger."
Courteous Controversy
Prof. Tyndall has become involved in
a small controversy, which is carried on
with all courtesy,through:hisrecommen
dation to draw the London water sim
ply from the chalk fields. Two objec
tions have been raised, one, that the
supply would be deficient; the other,
that the freer water is from natural im
purity, the more liable it is to attract
impurity. The Professor replied that,
however small the supply may prove,
that is no reason against utilizing it,
and that. coming pure from its source,
this chalk water would have 110 oppor
tunity of contracting those poisonous
impurities which are poured into our
rivers so lavishly.—London Uruplric.
(ireelcy is taking pains to braid as
lies some of the stories about his chirog
raphy. Next, he'll probably deny
that when Senator Revels wrote him,
asking about the best mode of cultivat
ing strawberries, lie advised him to
plant them with his corn, "dropping
two or three strawberry seeds in each
hill and letting the vines climb up on
the cornstalks. In this way they need
no poling, and fruit can be shaken off
in;ithe fall and pickled for 'Winter use.'
The Bayonet Election Law
Speech or 1100. G. W. Woodward. In the
House of Representatives.
February 1$,11:1.
The House having under consideration
the bill (H. R. No. 2,334) to amend an set
approved May 31, ISTO, entitled "An act
to enforce the rights of citizens of the
States to vote in the several States of
this Union, and for other purposes," Mr.
Woodward said :
Ma. SPEAKER : During the last session
of Congress a bill was reported by the
Chairman of the Committee on the Judi
ciary and passed, consisting of twenty
three sections, entitled " Au act to enforce
the right of citizens of the United States to
vote in the several States of this Union,
and for other purposes." And now, sir,
we have a supplement to that act, drawn
by the gentleman from New York, (Mr.
Churchhill,) and reported by the Chairman
of the Committee on the Judiciary; a bill
consisting of eighteen sectiotis,supplem en t
ary to the act of last session. Mr. Speaker.
I - have asked myself the question, which I
suppose is a proper one for every repre
sentative of the people to ask fur himself
when legislation involving constitutional
questions is proposed,onwhat constito Ronal
ground is this proposed legislation based?
I ask this question because the government
of the Uniteq„States being a government
of delegated powers, and this Congress ex
ercising only the legislative powers dele
gated in the Constitution of the United
States, the very first question that arises is
this: does the proposed legislation tall
within any of the powers delegated to tilt
legislative body? And upon looking into
the Constitution for the excuse or justifies
tion,as gentlemen call it,for this legislation,
I am referred to the fourth section of the
first article, which reads as follows :
The times, places, and manner of holding
elections for Senators and Representatives
shall be prescribed in each State by the
Legislature thereof; bet the Congress may
at any time by law make or alter such reg
ulations except as to the place of choosing
Senators.
Now, Mr. Speaker, the latter clause el
this fourth section which gives to Congress
the power to alter the regulations made by
the States, has been and is a dead letter in
the Constitution of the United States. The
Congress of the United States has never
practised upon it, has never asserted it;
and when you take into view the lapse of
time since this Constitution was adopted,
the practice of the government for this long
period is the highest evidence of the mean
ing of this constitutional provision, which
is that the whole subject of regulation of
elections is reserved to the States, and is
not granted to the Federal government.—
The framers of the Constitution have told
us what purposes the latter clause of the
fourth section was intended to answer.
One or more States might refuse to elect
Senators and Representatices, and so dis
solve their political connection with the
Union. If any State should so regulate
elections as to produce this result, the
power was delegated to Congress to alter
such regulations. This is the scope and
meaning of the clause. But the contingency
contemplated by the framers having never
occurred the clause has lain a dead letter
in the Constitution, and the practice of the
government throughout its history, until
the strange times upon which we have fall
en, has recognized the State right of regu
lating elections. It is not in its nature an
exclusive power. If not exercised by any
particular 4 State, the Federal government
may compel its exercise so far as to secure
a representation in Congress; but if exer
cised it is exclusive, and belongs absolute
ly to the State governments. And this
lung practice of the govern inent is the high
est possible evidence in favor of this inter
pretation of the clause in question. The
argument receives additional support from
the second section of the first article of too
Constitution, which is in these words :
The House of Representatives shall be
composed of members chosen every - second
year by the people of the several States,
and the electors in each State shall have the
qualifications requisite for electors of the
most numerous branch of the State Legis
lature.
Thus the Constitution, in providing for
members to sit in this hall, bases itself en
tirely on the unrestrained sovereign will of
the States. Each State was - to prescribe the
qualifications of electors for the most nu
merous branch of its own State Legis
lature. Nobody can doubt that. It would
not be a free and independent State if it
might not define the electors of its own Leg
islature; and the same electors were to
choose the members of the House of Repre
sentatives. And so in regard to electors for
President and Vice-President; they were to
be chosen in each State " in such manner as
the Legislature thereof may direct." The
only elective officers of the Federal gov
ernment were to owe their elections to
such electors ItS the States should qual
ity, and this shows the importance of
such a conditional grant of power as that
which is expressed in the last clause of
the fourth section of article one. For, if
the States qualified no electors the Federal
government could have no eleeti ve officers;
but it the States kept up elections, as indeed
they were bound to du if they would re
main republican in their form of govern
ment, why, then, Federal elective officers
were to be chosen by electors qualified by
the States, turd the Federal government
was to have no control over State elections
whatever. Now I ask what is the authority
for the extraordinary legislation of last ses
sion and that which is proposed by this
bill? Not the clause of the fourth section,
because that was limited to a contingeney
which has not happened. Every State has
a Legislature, an election law, fund annual
or biennial elections. Every State, there
fore, qualities electors. And the Consti
tution of the United States refers all elec
tive officers of the Federal government
to those State electors. The time has
not come, the contingency has not
happened, for the exercise of the power
delegated b y the latter clause of the fourth
section, and theproposed legislation etyma
be supported upon any such foundation.
But gentlemen say that this legislation is
necessary to enforce the right of citizens, to
vote in the several States—and such, in
deed, was the title of the act of last session
to which the present bill is supplementary
—that is to say, it is appropriate legislation
for carrying the fifteenth amendment into
effect. They cannot base it upon the four
teenth amendment, for that in its first sec
tion refers only to civil rights of citizens,
whiffi have been guarded by abundant
legislation already. And that section has
no reference to suffrage, else there would
have been no need of the fifteenth amend
ment. The fifteenth amendment. then,
is the only ground on which the bill can
stand. Let us see what is the very text of
that amend in ent :
StairtoN I. The right of citizens of the
United States to vote shall not be denied or
abridged by the United States or by any
State on account of race, rnlor , nr previous
condition of servitude.
1. The Congress shall have power
to enroree this article by appropriate 141.0,-
lotion.
'this amendment recognizes such a thing
as the right of citizens of the United States
to vote in the States, and it forbids the
States to deny that right to any citizen of
the United States on account of race, color,
or previous condition of servitude. It is a
negative rule to the States, Which like the
other negatives or inhibitions of the Con
stitution executes itself, and needs no sup
plementary legislation. "No State," says
the tenth section of article one of the CI,
stitution, "shall cutter into any treaty, alli
ance, or confederation; grant letters or
marque or reprisal ; coin money; emit
bills of credit; make anything but gold and
silver coin a tender in payment of debts;
pass any bill of attainder, ex post finale law
or law impairing the obligation of contracts,
or grant any title of nobility." These
all are legislative inabilities, self-im
posed by the States, and the fifteenth
amendment is another instance of the
same disabling character. The States
surrender their power river these several
subjects, and, until they attempt to resume
it, it is absurd to talk about Congressional
legislation to enforce such provisions.
They need no enforcement. They execute
themselves. The moment the requisite
number of States ratified the fifteenth
amendment (if, indeed, the requisite num
ber ever did ratify it) the States were no
longer able to deny or abridge suffrage on
account of race, color, or previous condi
tion. And no State has attempted any such
legislation. On the contrary, it is well
known to every gentleman on the floor, as
part of the current political history of our
time, that every State conformed to the
compact and admitted negroes to the suf
frage. This is what the fifteenth amend
ment, and the States, all of them, whether
approving the amendment or dis
approvino.), it, whether voluntarily as
senting thereto, or cheated into an ap
parent assent which was unreal, or wheth
er coerced by sword and bayonet, or by
legislation more cruel than swords or bay
onets, all, everp one of them, came brave
ly and promptly up to the demands of that
ill-starred amendment. Nevi) York adapt
ed her constitution to it. In Pennsylvania
we have not yet expunged the word"white"
from the elective clause of our Constitution,
but we have suffered it to be obscured by
the fifteenth amendment, and our color
ed population have been as freely admitted
to the ballot as if the word white had never
been iu our Constitution. Other States
have conformed to the rule with equal
promptness and precision. They have
consented that their exclusive jurisdiction
over suffrage shall be so exercised as not
to exclude negroes. Thus the fifteenth
amendment has had free course and been
glorified. NOW, sir, in view of these facts,
which no man here or elsewhere will con
tradict, what, I ask, but a shallow sham,
is the title of this legislation? "An act
to enforce the right of citizens to vote."
Nonsense. The fifteenth amendment
enforced that right. True, the power to
legislate. for its enforcement is grant
ed by the second section, but this bill
and no other can be a sincere exercise of
that power until somebody resists or denies
the right. Legislation to enforce what a
constitutional provision has already en
rott•ie.sde. o u w g ,h h , t , t tui d
el
my rn o e u i t i o fr r i e t i h id e
(ruin Ohio (Mr. Bingham), the chairman of
the Judiciary Comtnittee, say of two laws
of forty-odd sections—long, complex, and
obscure sections—to "enforce" any of the
inhibitions of the tenth section, which 1
have just quoted? Would not his common
sense recoil from such preposterous legisla
tion? Yet it would be no more unnecessary,
Ito more absurd legislation than that which
is proposed now, though it might easily be
more undid and honest. No, sir, no ; the
fifteenth amendment, though made the
stalking horse to bear up this legislation,
does not and cannot sustain It. It is utterly
without root in the Constitution. My friend
from Wisconsin (Mr. Eldridge) charac
terized it none too strongly when he
denounced it as a cheat, a delusion, and
a snare. It is a bill to obstruct suffrage,
to deliver the ballot-boxes of the States
into the hands of the pimps, spies, and
paid rogues of the Republican party; a
bill, in a word, to prevent the Democratic
citizens from enjoying a free and fair bal
lot. And it marks a curious feature of our
times. The fifteenth amendment extended
suffrage to negroes ; the legislation to " en
foree' that amend men t takes away suffrage
from white men. The philosophy of all this
is, it' philosophy can lie predicated of the,
Politics of the Hi:publican party, that the
political power of the country is to be torn
from white 'nen (mil delivered to negroes;
the African is to rule the Angio-Saxilit To
this complexion has the party of great
moral ideas 0,1210 at last. Ity glazing
speeches and honeyed words they have
deluded the people for several years past.
They hope [0 continue the delusion until
they shall have undermined the South,
and stolen all their rights, and con
solidated one grand central empire on the
ruins of the republic. The prophetic soul
of the President alnady discerns the liv
ing resemblance of tier nascent empire to
that which King William and Bismarck are
LA61,1111,4'1111 to blocs t h e a ;croons, and very
soon, if the people continue power in the
hands that wield it now, the resemblance
of th, two empires will become so pal
pable
that common and uninspired men
will not only see but will feel what the
President hails in the future, the blessings
if a military despotism. All our legisla
tion points this way. The biffi now before
ua isoneof the steps in this downward road.
It would be inure inanity and her if it
bore its real purpose upon its frontlets.
Why not call it a bill to destroy the
State right of regulating suffrage? Or
a bill to prevent white men from voting:'
Or, a bill to continue the Republican party
in power? Why christen it with the grim
sarcasm of a " bill to enforce the right of
voting?" It is not my purpose to analyze
Ow details of the bill. That has been suffi
ciently done by those who have gone before
me. The effect of it all be to take the
con-
Intl of the elections out of the hands of
State officers, acting under State late, and
deliver it over to irresponsible Federal
supervisors, who are armed with the power
of the po.vo• comi.frifuN; of the army and the
navy; or arrests without warrant ; ofchal
lenging voters, inspecting ballots, and su
pervising returns; and they will lie very
awkward agents of the ruling, !mover if,
with all these appliances, they cannot
profiles any result that may lie re
quired. True it is, that all this machinery
is limited to elections for Federal offi
cers; but as most States elect their
officers at the same time and placeat which
Congressmen are elected, the practical
ivork ing of the machinery will give to Fed
era( officers the same control over elections
for State officers that they will have in the
choice of Presidential electors ;mil Con-
gressmen. And if the States, to escape this
intolerable tyranny, should fix State Mee
thins on other days, and, after the fashion
of former times, should choose their officers
unawed by Federal bayonets, what would
it avail in the presence of the high and
unconstitutional powers which Congress
has already arrogated to itself? What
State right has not been already denied
and shiunelessly trampled upon? What
cares the mad spirit of fanaticism for
:State rights, State protests, or State
legislation? With the Supreme Court
packed and gagged, with hiur hundred
millions of tribute money annually wrung
from the people, with an army to collect rev
enues and control elections, with a navy to
absorb twenty millions of money annually
for doing nothing but to make itself a
laughing stook of the world ; with corpora
tions enriched with the public domain ;
with legislative power stretched to every
object which ambition or avarice ran covet,
what does a ruthless party, so clothed and
intrenehed, care for the cheeks and balan
ces of the Constitution and the reserved
rights of the States? What will they care
in the future? Literally numbing now, and
n idling, then. if, thereffire, State eleetious
staff I survive the shock of this legislation,
they will survive to 110 purpose. 'flier, is
but one remedy for the evils that are upon
us, and the greater and more appalling
evils that threaten us in the near future,
and that is to cast out the 1110,1 who have
abused power, and bring back the admin
istration of the government to its till,. Ma
stivatioual basis, and keep it there.
The Sall Monopoly.
A oirrespondent of tine New York Snot
goes for the infamous salt monopoly inn the
following vigorous style:
Salt is an article which all must use. It
1,3 a necessary of life almost as much as air
and water. It is round a, a mineral inn
many parts of the inhabited world. The
great bulk of the supply of is, however,
derived front two other sources, via: Solar
evaporation of the water nit - the ocean and
solar evaporation and boiling the water
from salinesprings. Sea-watersalt is !mule
in vast quantities at various points in warm
climates, where labor is cheap. At most of
the salt ports large stocks are generally on
hand, which are piled in immense heaps in
the open air, tile only protection from the
infrequent rains being the crust On
the outside of the pile made by burning
largo quantities of light brush-wood on
them. Thus it will lie seen that cheap
labor is the principal part of tho,,Nl of salt
at the places alluded to. Vessels frequent
ly visit these places and purchase cargoes
of the very best salt as low as Hour cents
per bushel of about severity pounds'
weight. Turk's Island salt sells at the Is
lands for about nine cents per bushel, annul
this price is idatut the highest ever paid for
rnmrnon salt, inn foreign countries, to lie
brought to the United States. Saline
springs are found in Many parts of the
world, :and are quite numerous in the l-ni
ted States. Previous to the war, foreign
salt was admitted free of duty, or at
a very low rate, and at that time domes
tic salt was made at the West, and sold
as low as twelve cents per bushel.—
Tin is price paid a fair profit to the mann fiw
hirer, and at this price it call be made and
sold to-day. A vast business is done inn the
manufacture of salt in the neighborhood
of Liverpool, England. Some idea of the
importance of this trade may be had by
considering the fact that during the year
11170, over 11l 1,000 tons, of 2,2 Ili pounds each,
were exported from Liverpool and minor
ports on the River Mersey. Salt is sold at
the works in Cheshire at about four cents
per bushel, and brought to Liverpool and
delivered - on board the ship at a cost of
about six cents per bushel. The manu
facturer is obliged to incur large expense
for land, buildings, steam machinery, coal,
labor, ntc., yet the business is profitable, as
is proved by the fact that it II:18 been con
tinned at about this price for salt for many
years, and the product gradually increased.
Having explained thus much to your read
ers, some inlay inquire, why is it that we
are now compelled to pay forty nr fifty
cents per bushel for salt? The answer is,
solely inn account of the existence of a salt
monopoly. Through the influence of
the "Onondaga Salt Company," of
Syracuse, New York, the duty nill
salt is and has been for some years eigh
teen cents per hundred pounds when im
ported in bulk, twenty-four cents when in
sacks. This duty amounts to about two
hundred per cent. on the foreign cost.—
The freight and other expenses amount to
about one hundred and seventy-five per
cent, additional. So that it appears that
the salt monopoly is protected by duty,
freight, itc., to the extent of three hundred
and seventy-live per cent. on the foreign
cost of this article, which we maintain
they can produce as cheap as it can be
made abroad, the difference in cost of
labor alone excepted. In proof of this
it is only necessary to state that the salt
monopoly have secured,by legislation, en
tire control of all the salt manufactured in
New-York State, with the exception of a
few hundred bushels a year made at Monte
zuna, and pay the State the merely nomi
nal sum of one cent per bushel for sink
ing wells, supplying machinery, labor,
nt:e., and delivering all the brinne which
they use. They have hedged themselves
in with United States and State legisla
tion and grown immensely rich. They
sell their salt at different prices in dif
ferent markets for the purpose of crushing
out all competition and controlling the
business. They ship salt to Canada and
sell it there at very much below the prices
which they compel New York State and
the Western trade to pay. The New Eng
land fishermen are permitted by act of
Congress to use foreign salt free of duty,
yet this salt monopoly ship large quantities
East for the purpose of supplying this
trade. Their profits are so enormous that
they can and do sell at any price which
they may think necessary to discour
age competition from either native
manufacture or foreign importation.—
For this reason other native salt-makers
are anxious to bring about a repeal of the
duty. In fast this salt nignopoly stands
alone without advocates, except it may be
the cliques at Washington who are banded
together for log-rolling purposes. The en
tire revenue from salt has been as follows :
18.6° 380,289 20'1867 $1,023,477 85
18(33 1,014,600 00 1868 1,136,225 76
1864 015,0'27 28 1869 1,175,896 (ft
1865 766,874 58 1870 1,198,473 22
1866 1.270,090 41
From this is to be
deducted the cost of
NUMBER 10
collection, leaving an insignificant sum
compared with the large amounts which
the people are compelled to pay by the in
creased cost of the article.
Coal Trwnaporlal lon
The Speaker laid before the Senate the
fdlowing mewing° from the Governor and
opinion from the Attorney-General.
IlAniumitmo, Feb. 'L.'S,
To the Honorable 1/n' &nate of 1/n' Stale / y -
Pertii.vgivania :
GENTLEMEN :--.ILI compliant.° with your
preamble and resolutions of the 11th inst.,
I have proeu red, and have the honor to
transmit herewith the opinion of the Hon.
F. Carroll Brewster, Attorney-General of
the State, upon the power of railroad coin.
patties to advance rates of freight on the
transportation of anthracite coal.
The numerous acts of Assembly to be
examined, and the early day at \Odell you
required the desired information, have
measurably precluded that thorough in
vestigation ‘vhich the itnt.irlattee of the
subject. demands. It is hoped, however,
that the enclosed opinion, and the refer
ences to the laws attached thereto, will cit
able the Legislature to act promptly and
intelligently in the premises.
The unsatisfactory eundition of things in
the anthracite coal regions, and of other
1111pOrtallt interests affected thereby, have
been under serious 11)11sideration ; and
I had it in eontemplation, it the titnik ul
the receipt of your preamble and resolu
tion, to conuntinicate with the Legislature
by special message on the subjeet. You
enumerate no railroads or transportation
companies whirh 1135, Vitriatt'd the h.:,
and give no data showing what their rates
or charges have 'ten heretofore, or What
they are note, and the newspapers of the
day are our main sollrel , of illicirlllllo,ll on
(110S0 important facts, It 5t , c111,4 Ge be 0.11-
eciled that there In. been agen'rnlsusprn
aiuu 01 Work on the prat the miners, and
that there is a trialiglilar C011i 44 ,4,44y
among them, the owners of the mines, and
the transportation rumpanies each laying
the blame upon t h e others. It appeal,
Unit owing to it large reduction In the
wages the miners, work was suspended
by them in Januar) . last. About the mid
dle of the present month an arrangement
,vas effected Under which work was re
sented. After in fete days bib., the inintirs
were informed by the operators that
the transport:lomi clonpallles had large
ly increased their charges for freights
—in some instances itire . than ilOll
- there—in ismsequence of which the
mining was again suspended, and SIP 0/11-
Unties. The results are that little or no
coal is being Milled or tOrwardell to mar
ket; miners and laborers ;ire out of ell,-
pioyinent ; the supply of coal on hand is
hissinting rapidly exhausted;
IHWE, and other 11111Iillialderies Which Ni'l
the coal for fuel have been compelled to
slop, throWilig large anal '
_airs of laborers
nut 4,1 rtuployuunt, lo the great damage I
of all ecaleerneti, to the great IlUtiry our'
people, and the general prostration and de
rangement of all those important interests
connected kith road operations. These
things ought not so to he ; and it is ,
erect both the right :old lint dilly the
Legislature to apply the prima 1, 4 1114•41 . y
and arrest. the evil.
Front a hasty examination it aplmarx 010
principal corporations transporting :1111.111,-
c ite coals ire the Philadelphia and lt•:aliug
Railroad Company, the Delaware, Larka-
Wallll3, and Western, the Lehigh and Nua
iiughanna, the Lehigh Valley, the Lacka
wanna :Ind Bloomsburg, and the Delawat
and Hudson Canal Company. (it these, the
Lehigh Valley and the I.:e•kawanna and
Bloomsburg are under and subject to tle•
provisions of the general railroad law of
the 19th February, 1510, the ISth seetion of
which prescribes the rates of transporta
tion, and the Stith section of which reserves
to the Legislature the right to revoke char
ters, Rad take possession Or t ho roads crest
ed under, or subject to that law, as fol
lows:
"If any company Incorporated as afore-
Said shall at any time misuse or abuse any
of the privileges grunted by this act, or by
the special aet of incorporation, the Legis
lature may revoke all and singular the
rights and privileges so granted to such
company; and the Itegislamre hereby re
serves the power to resume, alter, or amend
any charter granted under this art, anti
take fur public use any road constructed in
pursuance of such charter : That
in resuming, altering, nr amending said
charters, no injustice shall he done to the
corporators ; and that, in taking such roatls
for public use, full compensation shall he
made to the stockholders.'
So far as relates to the charges for tells,
and the power of the Legislature to modify
the charter, the Philadelphia and Reading
Railroad Company appears to remain sub
ject to the provisions inf its original charter,
approved iltlitAnril, 10:13. The 110th section
declares, "That the toll nn any species of
property shall not exered an itveragf, of
four cents per UM per mile, nor 1111011 each
pa.ssenger an average et LWII I'l•M., per
stile;" and tine :nth seetion of said .ict is Os
follows: "That If tine said company shall
at luny time misuse or abuse nine of the
privileges hereby granted, the Legislature
may resume all and singular the rights and
privileges hereby granted tin the said cor
poration."
The rates of hill on the Lehigh .1.1111 Sus
quehanna Railroad Company appear tin be
regulated by the 7th section of the :let ap
proved 1:11.11 March, 1517, and the (Olin sec
tion of the general railroad law of ISM--
The former limits the charges on coal to I 3
cents per ton per mile, whilst the latter al
lows double these rates, under the regula
tions therein prescribed. But in the last
clause of the llth section of the ail of bttli
March, 1517, it is expressly provided, "that
the Legislature may reduce or regulate the
tolls on the said railrinail.' And in tlnelol.ll
section of the original act of incorporation,
approved 20th arch, tots, it is expressly
declared that, "if they t tine 'ump:unyt shall,
at any time hereafter, misuse or abuse any
of the privileges granted by this net -
the Legislature may resume all and
singular the rights, liberties, and privileges
hereby granted.
The rates of toll, the Delaware,
Lackawanna, and Western Road are regu
lated by the proviso in the . .7tin section ul
the act approved ill of April, 16:12, the
section nit the act of the 4th of April,
:mil the 'sill section el the general railroad
law of 15.49, and in the 11th section of the
net approved 7th April, Isar', and in the 7th
section of tine act el 9th April, Isinn, line
Legislature "reserves Line right to alter,
amend, or repeal this charter whenever it,
privileges shall be abused, er found inju
rious to the eitizensof this Commonwealth."
The Delaware and Hudson Canal Conn
parry derives itinrigirrd authority tinder the
act approved blth March, 111111 and
II tin sections of which regulate the charges
for freights. The 2,1 xetiuu of the act of
Ist April, 15:2.7, Inuits the tolls on the canal
to 13 routs per ton,;per rtnilii; and the rill]
section of the set, approved . l itin April, Is./ti,
limits the charges for Loll nn the railroad
tin "a sum not is cer , ling C per cent. per
annum upon the amount_ of newer., winch
shall have been expended in the vonstrile-
Lion el' said railroad and other devices, and
in the support, improvement and ...mint,
an ee of the same."
The ith section of the act of lot April,
1022, provides, That it the sail company
shall misuse or :Muse the privileges hereby
granted, the Legislature shall reserve the
right to repeal this art."
The 'kith section of . Lill' ISt ariicle of tin
State Constitution 'amendment of i
as follows:
"The Legislature shall have thin power
to alter, revoke, or annul any charter Of in
corporation hereafter conferred by or Inn
der any special or general law, whenever,
in their opinion, it may he injurious to the
citizen, of the Commonwealth, in sineh
manner, however, that no injustice shall I,
done to the corporators."
The 20th section of the general railroad
law of 19th February, 1049, has been al
ready herein cited, in which is expressly
reserved to tine Legislature the additional
authority to "take for public use any road
constructed in pursuance of enjoin Charier' .
Provided, "that in taking such
roads for public use, full compensation
shall be made to vino stockholders."
Time will not allow further in vestigati4 ;
but there is no doubt an examination of
the charters of other emnpanies engaged in
the transportation of anthracite coal, would
show substantially the same limitations
upon their powers to charge freights, and
similar reservations of power to the Leg
islature to regulate the charges, resume the
corporate franchises, repeal the charters,
or take the roads for public use.
Ity the existing condition of things mi
ners and laborers, and those dependent
upon them, are greatly injured ; large
classes of our manufacturers are crippled
in their business, or compelled wholly to
suspend, for want of fuel ; coal is vastly in
creased in price, beyond the capacity of the
poor to purchase, even for the common
necessaries of life; eummerce and other
important Dependent interests are para
lized : and the good name of the State has
been made to suffer reproach. Chartered
privileges were never granted or designed
to bring about such results as these; and if,
as represented, the corporations have mis
used or abused their privileges, or acted in
this matter without authority of law, and
thereby entailed upon us these manifold
evils, public duty, justice, and humanity,
alike appeal to the Legislature for adequate
and speedy redress; and it is earnestly
hoped :tnd expected the appeal will not be
made in vain. .ho. W. fixartv.
OFFICE ol' TOO RN EN E RA I"
HA RRISIII; I'M, Fob, 25, IS7I.
N ,3 John W. Geary. Gorrmor
Out : I have the honor to acknowledge
the receipt of your communication enclos
ing a copy of tienate resolutions of the 14th
instant, requesting at the ea liest possible
moment my opinion upon the power 01
railroad companies to impose rates of
freight by which the cost of coal is double
to the consumer, and the public threatened
the total loss of this indispensable article.
The subject therein referred to has re
ceived careful consideration. I regret that
the brief time allowed for the preparation
of this report prevents my from stating
RATE OF ADVERTIMING
BLISINFSS ADVERTISEMENTS, $l2 a yea
square of ten liner; $8 per year for each
fount square.
RHAL ESTATE ADVERTISINII, 10 Celllo 0. 11
I lie flort, and 5 eeols for each subseq tool
Insertion.
OENF.RA T. ADVERTISING, 7 cents R line In •
first, and 1 cents (or each subsequent
tlon.
SPECI AI. NOTICF-4 Inserted In Local Colt
15 cetibt per 11110.
tipErtAl. ISTOTIcE,t preertllllll Illorrhuv4
deaths, 10 evltts per 11111.2 tor first inset .
and 5 cents fur every subsequent hwerl
LnaAl. AN!) OTHER No'rim:a--
Executors' notices
Administrators' :1011,
Assignees' notices
Auditors' Rollers
Oilier •• Notices, - tell lines, or
three times .
more than the conclusions to I Ii
arrived, vittiont permitting me to gis
reasons and authorities by whirii they
supported.
am of the opinion that as to till ei
['allies incorporated after the adoptim
the l'ottstitution of 1:438, the ren,, s ly
tiny injury to the publ le is entirely in
; hands of the Legislature.
The right of r dlroad and trauspoi l 11
companies to impose rates of freight i
franehise, the extent of which shouhl
ways be carefully limited in the char
conlerrin,g the privilege. A sample of
manner in tchieh the charters of ~"
}mines profess to protect the public int
eels is to be 1 . 0111141 in an ;let incorp,
thou approved April 4, leas, Tho ee , il
thin there used is in these words: "'I
; toll on any species of property shall I
exceed an average rolxr critic per ton
1.. lt. (1. 137.1
Thcar w o rd y rei•iiiVeil a
Lion in the ease of lloylo oiii
F. Smith, Me,/ wherein it st
rulcil that the company "Might
teM) , r) , /rUltieri in addition 111 the hilt...
.1 ilulgo Strong, ill a learned opinion, ii
:Unities the ‘i hole subject. Ile say , : "'l
Leg,i , lattiro must be considered liatvi
1141 1 11 %VIM'S 111 the ordinary signiticat . o.o
and especially Nll wheal their (01•11111 t
.1,11:W 1111 a (heir ordinary signilivation
(111 1 ,1111( 1 . The legal meaning 4)1 . iv,
" 101 l " is and always has been ,yell lrli
ed. 11 is II LI limb., or r1.1.4101n 11,001 tsar pa
' , age not for carriago -always sonovtloi
lakun it I ihorty or privilege, not I,
sorrier; and snuli is the 0.111111011 1111,11 .
of the Intro Nol,lly i•lppe,
that tells Laken by Illrepike (Jr canal von
pang inrludr charges for transportation • .
that they are anyt hint inor. , than 1111eXt . i
deuunuled Mitt 1411.1 for the privilery
using tho way.
It is very 0100,11 0 ,0 N. 1 . 1 1 (1:1 . 1.((1 1 11 that It
power to rhargo for transportation shout
Um. have Kroll tolaved by the I.egislatiii
almost untirely at the titsvrutnni of the 0,1
ryll4( I . olllllllllly.
It would 110 a largo saving tll
ni..nwealth it all hills rould he thorotighl
exaniinuct and ruportvol upon by olip.
(1 . 11( rt/1111111......1..11, 111111 Ihu.s 1111 1 11-0 0.1 ~ .i.
the 111111;1( word 111101( toot 110 (111 1 ,1,1 , 11,
401 litigation and I,erlitips
The right of ouch transporting 0•0.1001,000
in this particular is only I.) be 01 , 0,10:1111,
by it thorough vxainination of its chartv
And siipplentunts. If the eXpres,iolialm,
yuuled Is 11,41 in all silllilaraelS, the pce,l ,
to charge 50 . 0 . 11, to he 4.10
I. In tiro, iii,•11.11 ,, 11 and
the gwitlt•ltit, ,I,ll:l”.Ning the ll,art1"1
=MEM
11. In tho alitiwrity ”i II
latter silleguard is in the 12alli
lion of article I, 111111 1. , in t111,(1 ‘v.rtk:
•"1111 , I.o..xislat tire have lho 1111\V,
alter, revoke, or annul any elmrter of iu
corporation liereantir ssinftirrial by or uu
der toy special or gen .cal laW, Wlll'lll,ol
in their opinion it may 1)(1 i 1 1 .111111111,1 til lh
1)i hill. C.111111.111%1,11.11, in SIIi .
manner, 'sok to cr, ilott no injuslivoshall I.
done to the iiiirporittors."
I I Lilo ~r rnal 11:1,111.`11
anal the ptlblit• thrvatenet
mitt] the total lunn nl (hi,. It"
lit•!e, - a ca,,in rrrhtiulp in:esentol grea
"injure' to 1110 citizens of the Common
%yealth," tvhicli, if within the ennstut heel
pretection, linty I.
legislat VO It Illity 11,4, III! im
proper even fur the 110frOfIll
,1111 . 1. Of It 111tVflii :lot, the htw does not per
wit tiarttes to combine, if the intent is in
diViiill,ll 100111'14 at till , l'Xiloll,l3 oi
right. This is what t'hicf .1 entire I.lll+llll
referred to in l'eniniissintier Owlish
Brightly's PAT., when he spoke of th.
"ehJect to lei obtained as e
HIV not."
I /',III. V , . Tack, Joitlgt. 1,114110Nv applipt
this pritwiplo th a combination lo rat,. th,
I u'irrul uil, and hold that. %Olen, the,
lwri.dittlio"partiose“ncerliod
IA lIIp projit,th.o of the public, by ItJt.t.t•
fraud or nieilaces, wh(lre prrlllllll, ~,, I
11/1%...;f1n thi . /Whir,/ OW/ .s.vr
"tr.. 114.0
ItMI=MII
- -NVllell the wrung rolorrt4l to in Om 5t.1.1
rc , “hili,l3l iS perpetrated by a Mingle rorp,,
rati4ol NVII4/se ellarler is dated vubsrlurn
(ii dm Legislature can exurch,o,
po‘vcr, ‘‘ht•T‘ two or lurid ( . M111 , 11111 ,, e. , 11
Spire tri tile publi,, the idiire,
Willi ;;teat servatil
CAltion.i.
A Llorno•y-I;etior,kl
HMI • I ProjeeN
citizens of the northern 0 10(11111 Id
Flll[llll rnuuiy are taking steps Gm tilt ill
IIIIIIIiIltf• construetion or railroads tchi. I
will bring their rich mineral lands lit WI,
inn/ the market. (Mr voluintin
contained an 81 . 1•1111 III or it large meeting
really held at Hermit cot.-
Mr the yairpese or ,1 11 , 41111 . tirig a read
Irma that, point to Mountl;ui..n,
don ....linty .01 the l'ennsylviinia
adistsnee :Wont enty- miles. .1”.•
~1 , 1, II illlin, Eqri , is now engaged in ,oir
vey ing the route. A route he ulna tmbrsur
t'rt'rl
1 . 01/111 Itetut
lull U;tp In II pldllt Cdl tllO llnutingdon 1111.1
'tread Top railroad, to reach the Litionin
"us coal of the Broad Top region. Th,o
ruadn ‘,l,ll,olopioted su.iti br brm,ght
connection Leith the Cumberland Valley :it
Cliamhershtirg, hy means of a read through
Cosvan's fiap, the route .0 whieli has
al
ready been surveyed.
"110 engineer I.fos. :%lilllin, rit
ing on this subject, describes the tylioh•
region as one vast depositof iron ,ire.
es are of nearly every variety, embracing
opiatite, t issil, pipe, ete. ~le lure seen
ha 1110S11111. Ifill mines near Columbia, a:
well cs the turn well mines but here :ire
ores extending 4,V or an :trout of country
equal in extent to scores Or 1111,0.1111 L 11
and Of lirlfatilOllll,ll depth,
awaiting that development which railroa.l,
alone our give. 'flue region offers a splrit
did field Mr enterprise. The ores are need
ed at Pittsburgh and the (1011. 'Alf. 1 ti
tbit is of the opinion that the region to be
opene I by the contemplitted road, will be
come at 110 ,11 , 1allt dray a great it'll] man-
Mitetriring centre. Its proximity to the
I:road-Top coal fields, and Lim l'ennsylv;i
nia I'entritl I tudread will give it it great 1,1-
vantage. The great value of the minerals
of this portion of the State need only to bc•
come I:toovii to attract tine attention Of sal
italias. —ls,lri'l.
Ile.spotir Abmurtligy
uni• or the various stringent provision ,
of the Cobb 6111 prepared by I; eneral But
ler, to repress the so-called Ku-Klux 4,111.-
rages, make!: it a penal offense to discharge
rehired man from employment, provided
the latter swears that he had committed uo
uuhaatul :Va. It thin is correctly stated, it
i s the mo s t consummate outrage of all that
has yet been inlliet , ,l 111.011 a helpless peo
ple. I l thn ei Lizuns or States when,
laborers awl employees are white will try
to imagine a law forbidding them to dis
charge any white man from their em ploy
111011t, provided he would swear that hehad
committed im unlawful act, they may form
faint conception or this (I,q,,table injus
tice. Even if the employee could be al
ways relied upon to testify truly, limy
would sod, a restriction 11[1011 the right to
discharge them be regarded by citizens of
Northern,.titates? No matter how worth
less, unreliable, offensive or insulting do
mestics might be, so long as they do not
violate the laws (what laws?) they must
be retained, and made, virtually, masters
of every h o usehold. The despotism of the
Ph:troths never perpetrated such an atroc.
ity. No other despotism that we ever
heard of undertook to prescribe that a nun
should have no right to change his domes
tic, while, at dip same time, the domestic
is accorded the right to change his employ
er.—/half onore Nun.
" Major lieorge AI. Lateran, a prominent,
ci ti zee n I Read i rig,died 011 Wed nesilay after
noon, after a lingering illness of several
months with all incurable disease, in the
fifty-uia ill year of his age. Major I,liiinan
was a native of Middletown, Dauphin
county, and had been a resident of this city
since le was early in lire appren
ticed to the printing business and was at
one time transcribing clerk of the House of
Representatives at Harrisburg. He held
the position of quartermaster in the Mexi
can war, and :Liter its close engaged very
extensively in railroad contracting in
Pennsylvania, New York and Canada. In
connection with the late Air. Philip Dough
erty he built the Dauphin and Susquehanna
Raitroad, and in ISSIi-57 ho built the section
of the Lebanon Valley Railroad from Pal
myra to Harrisburg. Latterly he was en
gaged in the wholesale liquor business in
Philadelphia. lie was at one time the pos
sessor of a large fortune. During the term
oft lovernor Packer he held the position
flour inspector at Philadelphia.
The i neolllo 'fox Depend Bill—ArlDit
Dodging..
Thu good, honest souls in the House M
Representatives who don't want the in
come tax repealed, and don't want to go
upon the record against it, have invented
a very neat dodge to secure its continuance
and still retain the good graces of their
constituent,. The Senate, it will be re
membered, passed it, being mindful of the
demands of the people ; but the House, al
though professing almost unanimously an
anxiety to pass it at once, suddenly felt A
great respect for parliamentary etiquette,
and raised the point that the Senate had no
right to originate such a bill. A conference
committee on the subject was demanded,
and now the conference committee sticks
to the same point. This was pretty artful
dodging, and, like a lie, we suppose it is
as good as the truth if well stuck to. But
it is a shame that parliamentary juggling
like this should defeat this bill every ses
sion when the people, and the press so
loudly demand its passage.—N. Y. //emir/.
A Pittsburgh man has sued his brother
to obtain possession of the ambrotype
picture of their dead sister.