Lancaster 3intelligencer.
WEDNESDAY, MARCH 1, 1871
The News from San Domingo
We publish to-day the more import
ant parts of the voluminous correspon
dence forwarded to the New York Tri
bune and Herald from the Island of San
Domingo. These reports can not be
said to come from sources unfavorable
to President Grant, as both papers are
among the warmest of his supporters.
The accounts agree in many points and
differ little from each other in any ma
terial respect. That the soil is rich and
Calculated to produce an abundance of
tropical fruits and vegetables there is no
doubt; but we imagine that it will be
long before the jungles are cleared and
the land opened up to extended culture.
The natives are as lazy and shiftless a
set of vagabonds as can be found any
where under au equatorial sun. The
men will not work, and the little
labor that Is necessary to support
life falls upon the women, as Is the ease
among most barbarous tribes. Such a
thing as government can scarcely be said
to exist, and there are no courts of jus
tice. What little of enterprise and in
dustry was discovered,was found among
neeroes who had been colonized from
the United States, or their descendents.
A party which made an overland jour
ney from the town of Samana to the
Capital of the republic, a distance of
ninety miles, through the very heart of
the country, found the road to be a mere
bridle-path through a dense forest, along
which they had frequently to . lead their
horses, it being dangerous to remain in
the saddle. The population was very
sparse, being about a half-a-nigger to
each square mile. There was, however,
an abundance of very intelligent green
parrots.
- It is nut strange that the Commis
sioners should be tlelighted with the cli
mate of thin Domingo at this season,
timl it is possible that the evidence of
the squash speculator, who protested
that it was perfectly healthy while his
daughter lay prostrate with fever in an
adjoining room, may be believed by the
Yankee professors, who accompany tilt
expedition. Their frames no doubt
thrilled with ecstasy as the soft and
warm atmosphere expanded the con
structed chests which have been so
rudely pierced by the Arctic airs that
sweep over the rocky hills of New Eng
land. We have no doubt they imag
ined San Dumingoto be am earthly par-
adise. But the stubborn fact remains
that whole armies of white men have
melted away, under the elrects of that
deadly climate, like mists before the
rising sun: An enemy more to be
dreaded than an army with banners,
lurks amid the recesses of those beauti
ful tropic groves. stealing forth with
noiseless step he breathed upon the tai ca
Of the sleeping soldiery, and the armies
Id ' , ranee, of t- , pain :unto( England were
decimated in a night. The ravages of
disease proved to Ite more deadly and
more terrible than the most de.dructive
warfare would have been.
That the people \Omni the Commis
sioners have met are universally in
favor of annexation, we can very readily
believe. Baez and hisollicials have their
rnrn reasons for desiring to bring about
such a result, and we have no doubt
they are substantial ons. 'l'll, , lower
classes dread the repeated revolutions
which they have experienced, and are
seriously alarm«l just !tow at the pros
!wet or a llaythn inVa,dl , ll. \Vhat they
11 ant. is to be permitted to eat their
sqtlaSin , and yarn, in peace, and to
sleep undisturbed in their hammocks
beneath the shade of the towering
palms, or Under the broad Canopy ()role
mahogany trees. They do not care who
governs, so they are left to lead that life
of quiet indolence whichconstitutes the
highest bliss of the negro in a truly
tropical climate. That the admission
of such :1 set of creatures to all the
rights of American citizens is to be de
sired, the most advanced Radical would
hardly dare to maintain. Yet that
would be the first result of annexation.
Baez confesses that the 1 laytiens are
bitterly hostile to annexation. 'They
are, and always have been, more ener
getic than the Dominicans. In the past
they have waged war with energy
against the whites, and being aided by
the nature of the country and the deadly
hostility of the climate to the European
races, have always come ~ tr victorious.
NN'e might fight them with armies o
negroes, but we would be paying very
dearly for Mr. (irant's pet project.
That there are big jobs in this aniwx
:llion project has been made sufficiently.
apparent. Fabens, the head-centre of
the ring of annexationists, has secured
title deeds to out-fifth of all the lands of
the Republic, and how much more ha
been granted on similar terms to other.
is not known. is;peculators have securet
a perpetual lease of the valuable front on
the Samana Itay, and there seems to
he little of value on the island which
has not been gobbled up by some one of
the rine which has surrounded Grant
and controlled his action. It remains
to be seen whether the Commissioners
will recommend that the Government
of the United :.hates shall be used as a
cat's paw to rake out the chestnuts
which Baez, Babcock, Cazeneu and
Fabens have in their tire. \V hatever
may be the report of the commission,
we think Congress will hesitate long
lief Are committing this country to a war
with Hayti, and to the assumption of
the unasuertained debt of ;lan Domingo,
for the purpose of securing control of a
port which has been held in turn by
Spain, France, and England, and aban
doned by cacti of them. I f the port is
deemed necessary let it be purchased
with the island or peninsula which en
closes it. It will be a costly possession,
but not one-tenth as muult so as would
be all attempt to hold the territory over
which llaez claims dont in
The Centennial Exhibition
Philadelphia is to have the Centennial
Exhibition. Senator Cameron run the
House bill through the Senate on Satur
day morning in the absence of Mr.
Conkling, who had been making a des
perate tight to get New York substituted
in place of the Quaker City. Inasmuch
as the Declaration of independence was
made in Philadelphia it is only fitting
and proper that the Centennial Culebra.
Lion should be held therm " The Senate
very properly attached an amendment
to the House bill, providing that the
government should not be held respon
sible for any expeme incurred. The
h of .1 My, J. 576, will be a great day in
Ipbia. i
The MlMlntown Register
The Mili LOW TI/in/is
- r has recently been greatly enlarged
and improved. It is now one of the
handsomest papers in the State. It is
ably conducted, having always a liberal
supply of original matter. I tsselections
are made with excellent taste and its
local columns are full and mpicy. It de
serves to receive a very liberal support
front the Democracy of Juniata county.
Tin: Subsidy Lobbyists have commen
ced giving social dinners to Senators
and Representatives " Just a small
party; nobody but ourselves. you know."
These are always fatal. In variably
when a free and independent Senator
attends one of these social dinners he
pubs his foot in it.
•rlti investigation into the affairs of
the New York Custom House shows
that the office has been run in the
interest of a certain clique of New York
politicians, and not for the public good.
The probabilities are that Mr. Murphy
will be ousted.
WE are glad to notice that the At' Car
nthan claim haa:c9me to grief in the
Senate. It is not a proper subject for
' Congressional action, but for the Courts.
THE LANCASTER WEEKLY INTELLIGENCER, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 1, 1871.
The Trouble in the Coal Regions.
There is an Immense amount of suf-.
fering being caused by the suspeftsion
of work in the anthracite coal-regions
of this State. In the mining districts
many families are now in a starving
condition, and disease, which Is the re
sult of want of proper food and clothing,
is sweeping off scores of children. The
miners were thrown out of work at the
beginning of Winter, and for three
months past most of them have been
entirely idle. That the strike was
brought about by the operators who de
sired to stop production and thus en
hance prices Is not denied. The oper
ators control most of the newspapers
published in the coal.regions, and It is
difficult to get a correct estimate of mat
ters from their columns. A number of
the Radical journals in that section are
just now engaged in heaping unsparing
abuse upon the managers of the associa
tions which the miners have formed, to
protect themselves against unreasonable
demands on the part of the, operators.—
The leaders of these unions are de
nounced as corrupt, and as the worst
enemies the miners can have. There
ay be some truth in these reports, but
the miners have discovered by bitter
experience in the past that they can
not expect to receive fair wages un
less they have some means of pro
tecting themselves against the sel
fishness of capitalists. The farmer
who is brought into constant contact
with his workmen, naturally takes
sonic interest in their welfare, and is
willing to allow them fair wages. It is
the same with most manufacturers, and
would be the same with small operators
in mines. But when a corporation or a
company 11M vast sums of money • in
vested in gigantic operations, the work
ingmen are regarded as only a part of
the machinery which is to produce div
idends. Gradually the small operators
lave been drive❑ from the field, and a
ew huge corporations control the wili
ng and the shipment of anthracite
Oat. These monopolies combine to fix
)rices to suit themselves, and not only
re the miners at their mercy, but live
pillion consumers of coal in different
arts of the country. When, on the 3rd
Of November last, at the auction sale in
New York, the Scranton Company was
only oll'ered :.? , ::1.4s for 1111111) coal, $3.61
for steam, for grate, $3.118 for egg,
for stove, and $3.50 for nut, it was
t once announced that a suspension of
lining would follow. There had been
ver-productiom and the monopolists at
lice set to work to devise means for
inventing that loss which would have
alien upon men who might have pur
tied a similar course in ally other busi
less. A sodden reduction of wages was
'Howe,' by a strike, and the suspension
a, continued until the present time , .
The miners are and have been willing
to work at a fair rate of wages, but
he monopolists are determined nut to
permit them to do so except on such
terms as they may dictate. A week ago
some of the smaller operators had all the
arrangements made for resuming work
on terms satisfactory to the suffering
miners, and a supply of coal, sufficient
to meet the present demand, would have
been furnished at reasonable rates, if the
railroad companies had not stepped in
to aid the few larger corporations which
have many millions interested. The
laws of Pennsylvania are radically de
ficient, or no such combination could
have been formed. No railroad ought
to lie intrusted with such power us that
which has been exercised by those over
which anthracite coal has to be carried
to market. There ought to be a reason
able limit fixed for the transportation of
both freight and passengers, beyond
which no railroad company in the State
should be allowed to go ; and they ought
to be made liable in damages for refusing
to comply with their duties as common
carriers under the laws of the Common
wealth. The time has come when the
powers of corporations in this country
roust be limited, and the place to provide
proper checks will be in the Constitu
tional Convention, which we hope to see
called on some plan that will make it
perfectly nim-partisan in its character.
Who will deny that reform is impera
tively demanded when three railroad
companies and half-a-dozen mining cor
',mations representing three hundred
millions of capital, can greatly inconve
nience millions of people, place multi
tudes in a position where they must suf
fer greatly from want of one of the
necessaries of life, reduce thousands of
miners to starvation, and subject their
families to disease and death legis
lature ought to apply some adequate
remedy, but the Cbauces are that it will
do nothing to correct the evils which
exist. Corporations must be curbed by
constitutional restrictions.
Since the above article was written,
we learn that a resolution has passed
the Senate, directing the Attorney-Gen
eral of the Commonwealth to furnish
to that body an (minion upon the pow
ers of railroad companies, and their au
thority to increase rates of freight as
they have done. The subject is one of
great importance. If there is no law
in Pennsylvania to prevent railroad
companies from becoming parties to
such a plot against the public, the peo
ple ought to know it. If there be laws,
they ought to be enforced. There was
a time in England when men engaged
in a plot to forestall the market and in
crease the price of necessaries of life,
would liaVO had their ears cropped by
the hangman or some other officer ap
pointed to carry into execution the rig
orous penalties prescribed by the law.
The Joint high Commission
The New York newspapers seem to
regard time lauding of the English Com
missioners in that city on the 2.2 d of
February as an auspicious omen, and
front some remarks which fell front the
lips of the ambassadors it appears that
they were impressed by theco-incidence.
The people of this country, without re
spect to party, do most earnestly hope
that the labors of the commission may
speedily end in the ccmplete adjustment
of every cause of complaint between the
Coited States and Great Britain. The
animosity which once existed in the
minds of the masses of our people
against England has almost entirely
disappeared, and a war with her
would have to be based upon just
and grave causes of complaint be
fore it could lie made popular. The
Id sentiment of hatred has given
way to a very kindly feeling, and there
are few who would not hear with regret
of the occurrence of any thing calculated
to prevent an amicable adjustment of all
outstanding causes of quarrel with our
ancient enemy. We trust the Joint
High Commission may settle all exist
ing, difficulties on a basis which will in
crease the kindly feeling that now ex
ists.
Divorces In Indiana
A bill has just passed the 13diana
Legislature which makes several radi
cal changes in the divorce laws of that
State. The first section deals with the
most disgraceful features of thd present
law, by providing that where the cause
of divorce has arisen in another State,the
petitioner shall have to prove bona fide
residence of three years, instead of one,
in the State and in the county in which
the petition is filed ; and moreover—
and this is perhaps of more importance
than all—that the divorce shall not be
granted unless the act or acts complain
ed of were a good cause of divorce in the
State in which they were commit
ted. In addition to this the bill forbids
the granting of a divorce, where the
place of the defendant's residence is
known, without personal service of the
summons. The causes of divorce, too,
are distinctly specified, and nothing is
left, as under the old law, to the discre
tion of the judge. They are six in num
ber, but no divorce can be granted, ex
cept for adultery ,or conviction for an
infamous crime, until the parties shall
have been married at least three years.
The State Printing
We publish elsewhere the somewhat
extended report of the select Committee
appointed by the Senate to consider the
subject of State printing. That abuses
have sprung up which call loudly for
reform is universally admitted. The
figures show that the costboth of print
ing done for the State and for paper fur
nished have increased greatly year after
year. That the system under which
such work has been done needs to be
changed no one will attempt to deny,
but there may be an honest difference
of opinion as to the manner in which
the desired reform can be most certain
ly brought about.
Early in the session a bill was intro
duced in the Senate proposing that the
State printer should be paid the ruling
prices in Philadelphia and Pittsburgh,
for all work done. The objection in the
minds of members in reference to that
proposition, seems to be the supposed
impossibility of determining what rul
ing prices are. If, as Mr. Buckalew
proposes, a competent person is made
superintendent of public printing, he
ought to be able to protect the State
from any imposition under such a law.
He could very easily ascertain the rul
ing price for any job of work within a
few hours after it was ordered, and the
State printercould afford to do the work
as cheap as any one either in Philadel
phia or Pittsburgh, or even cheaper, in
asmuch as he would have a :nonopoly
of it.
The act introduced by Mr. Ituckalew
will certainly protect the State from
some of the impositions which have
been practiced upon it. If the Superin
tendent is perfectly honest much money
can be saved to the tax-payers by him.
There have been grave rumors in refer
ence to the present incumbent. We have
heard it charged that he has been in
terested in paper contracts, and rumor
says that a ring has existed composed
of the Superintendent of Printing, the
State Printer and one or inure paper-
makers. If reports be true the State
bus paid much more for paper than it
should have done, and the overplus has
gone into private pockets. After all it
is not easy to prevent peculation in such
matters, and it will be found very diffi
cult to frame a law which will insure
the ttnte against imposition in this
matter of printing. The public has
come to be looked upon as a goose pro
vided for the express purpose of being
plucked, and rogues will feather their
nests if they are given a chance to do
The I)eadlt Climate or San Domingo
The climate of San Domingo has been
fully tested by white men, and found
to be deadly to them. I'. Quixano,
1)., who was a surgeon in the Spanish
army in 1863, when the people revolted
against that Government gives some
facts and figures which dispel complete
ly all the delusions under which the
Commissioners and correspondents now
on the Island seem to be laboring. II is
position gave hint an opportunity to
observe the directs of this glorious trop
ical climate upon the European consti
tution. He says :
" In less than one year Spain sent about
forty thousand soldiers to Sall Domingo.
Of these scarcely twelve thousand left the
Island,:when in 1855 the Spanish Govern
ment abandoned the war in consequence
of a vote of the fortes repealing the act of
annexation; the ushers, twenty-eight thou
saint in number, met their graves in this
gloriously (tea ut,frd tropical climate through
the effects of the malarial fever there, jebri.l
poludica. 'flits fever is deadly not Only to
foreigners, but to natives also; and it pro
vails there all the year round."
Thus Spain lost twenty-eight thou
sand out of oily thousand soldiers, and
spent about sixty million dollars in a
vain attempt at annexation. trance
lost over forty thousand out of fifty
thousand men from the same disease in
a vain attempt to hold Ilayti. A war
with Hayti seems to be probable, if an
attempt is made to carry out (trant's pet
seheme. What such a war would cost
us can be judged by the price which
Spain and France paid for similar fool
ish attempts at annexation.
The New Congress
It is announced, of what seems to be
reliable authority, that the new Con
gress which is to organize on the -Ith of
March will remain in session for some
months. That will he long enough to
enable the people to discover how Much
they have gained by the changes which
have been made in the Ilouse. If the
Democratic members are true to the
principles of their party there will bean
end to touch of the improper legislation
which has proved so costly to the peo
ple and so pernicious to the country.
We hope and believe that there will be
enough honest Republicans in the next
House to make a majority when united
with theincreased Democratic minority.
There are many jobs now before Con
gress which will be effectually killed if
they can lie delayed until the end of the
present session. The few days that in
tervene will be full of danger, and it be
hooves the Democratic minority to be
very vigilant. In the very last hour of
the last session, Mr. Randall killed nu
merous serpents by taking a stand close
to the Speaker's desk, and objecting to
their passage. Similar watchfulness
will be again needed to protect the
Treasury front schemes of plunder.
Radical Monopolies In New Orleans.
Wherever the radicals have supreme
control monopolies are the order of the
day. In New Orleans a monopoly of
butchering was given to certain parties
a couple of years ago, and they were al
lowed to advance the price of meat and
to drive all other persons from the uusi
ness. This odious law was repealed at
the present session of their Legislature,
but the Governor has vetoed the repeal
ing act, and the privileged butchers will
continue to monopolize the business
and to make the people pay exorbitant
prices for meats. The City Water Works
have been transferred to a corporation
with extraordinary privileges. The price
paid by the company was only three
hundred thousand dollars for works
which cost two millions. That beats
the Geyelin Wheel Job and the other
speculations of our young and vigorous
city administration.
Why the Republican State Convention
was Postponed.
The Philadelphia Sunday Transcript
gives a sufficient and satisfactory reason
for the postponement of the meeting of
the Republican State Convention. It
says:
"The true pause was that Pertain gentle
men were afraid that the meeting of the
Convention at present would result in the
passage of a resolution in opposition to the
mammoth Railroad Bill, already prepared
and about to be introduced in the Legisla
ture."
The Bill referred to is the Nine million
steal.
GREAT truths ai•e sometimes spoken
even in jest and even in the halls of
Congress. For instance:
"Mr. Dickey—lt would always create a
riot in New - York to stop the supply of
whiskey. [Laughter.] Nowhere else has
the love of whiskey developed itself to such
an extent as in the neighborhood of New
York."
" r. Eldridge—Except in the House of
Ropresentative.,. [Laughter.]
And except in the two honorable speak
ers.='eltieugo Evening Mail.
We do not know how Eldridge stands
on the whiskey question but we do hap
pen to know that Dickey's head is not
always level.
THE committee appointed to investi
gate the alleged irregularities in Indian
aflitirs will report that they do not find
evidence of frauds committed by the
Commissioner, but that there is much to
criticise and condemn in the operations
of the department. That the Indians
have been systematically swindled there
is no doubt. It is to be hoped that the
evils which exist may be speedily rem
edied.
THE Republican State Convention
has been postponed until May the 17th.
No time has been fixed for the meeting
of the Democratic convention, and it
should be delayed until final action is
taken by the Legislature upon the sub
ject of a Constitutional Convention.
Congressional Interference with Eda-
Radical newspapers profess to be
greatly astonished at the opposition
which the educational schemes of the
majority meet from the DemOcratic mi
nority in Congress. We are gravely in
formed by journalists, who ought to
know better, that the Democratic party
is opposed to the education of the
masses, and taunts and sneers are used
to cover up a violation of the Constitu
tion. The Democrats in Congress have
persistently opposed the attempt to
create a National Bureau of Education,
because they can find no warrant for
such action in the list of powers granted
to the general government. They be
lieve that the control of education was
one of the rights wisely reserved by the
people of the States, and are not willing
to allow the beginning of a system
which will have a tendency to override
and eventually to impair and break
down the Common Schools of the States
if carried out to its legitimate end. A
Democratic Governor of Pennsylvania
is the father of her school system, and
it has always received the most liberal
support from that party. The true
ground of opposition to the establish
ment of a National Bureau of Educa
tion, was well stated by Senator Thur
man, when the bill teas under consid
eration in that body. He said :
Ma. PRESIDENT : I have never yet heard
any one point out one line or one word in
the Constitution of the United States that
authorizes Congress tolake the subject of
education in the States under its control or
into its charge. If there is sucha provision
in the Constitution it never has been point
ed out as far as I know. I find no such
power, nor do I believe that any such pow
er ought to exist. Ido not believe it con
sistent with the welfare of the country;
do not believe it to be consistent with the
liberties of the country that the subject of
education should be taken charge of by the
Congress of the United States. It properly
belongs to the States and to the people of
the States; and it would be, in my judg•
rnent, the worst possible policy, the most
dangerous policy, for Congress to assume
jurisdiction over that subject. The only
power granted to Congress in the Constitu
tion upon the subject of science is this:
The Congress shall have power to pro
mote the progress of science and useful
arts
How ?
by securing fir limited times, to authors
and inventors the exclusive right to their
respective writings and discoveries.
There is all the power you have over the
subject. It isnot a power in general terms
to promote the progress of science and use
ful arts; but it is a power to promote it in
one particular way, and one particular way
alone. So that there is not only the absence
of any express power to take the subject of
education under your control, but there is
that negative-pregnant, as lawyers call it,
arising from the tact that you are specially
authorized to do one thing which
im
plies that you are not authorized to
do any other. = • =,
I know very well that the law establishing
this Bureau of Education is a mere enter
ing wedge, We have propositions to have
departments upon almost every subject
a department on this subject and that su.,;,
jest, and the other subject, multiplying de--
partments and multiplying officials almost
without limit. Some of these might be
very well, perhaps: but when you come
to a department of odueation, which IR,
so mes that Congress is to take the ed ueation
of the people in its charge, then I desire to
enter my protest at the very outset, that
you have no power to do any such thing,
and therefore I want to say that, so far as
my feeble efforts can avail for the purpose;
I shall oppose extending the provisions of
this law now and hereafter one single iota.
The position taken by Mr. Thurman
impregipable, and we venture to say
that nine out of every ten intelligent
Republicans in the State of Pennsylva
nia will agree with him. We want no
Federal interference with our system of
education, we know that it would only
work injury; and the people of this
Conunonwealth, without respect to
party, will always look with disfavor
upon every attempt which may be made
to set up any superior over the authori
ties to whom the education of the chil
dren of the State are entrusted by the
laws of the State. That other States
should be left to manage their school
system in their own way, as the people
of Pennsylvania claim the right to do,
very few will attempt to deny. In this,
as in many other matters, the people
will be found ready to endorse the posi
tion taken by the leaders of the Demo
cratic party.
New Nursery for Statesmen
A Mr. .McMichael, of Philadelphia,
has returned from San Domingo with
despatches for the President, assuring
him that the Commissioners of the I "n
ted States and the people of the Domin
ican Republic are a unit in favor of his
pet annexation project. Among other
news brought by Mr. McMichael is
the report of a speech made to a crowd
of the inhabitants by Ben Wade. In
the course of his remarks, he said :
" If it should be our fortune to join our
selves together, and you should become
citizens of the great republic, there is no
man here who may not aspire to be Chief
:qagistrate of the whole.
If there was a negro in the motley as
semblage who had any doubts about the
advantages of annexation, that speech
must have set him right. We can
imagine whii a display of ivory there
must have been as each one of the semi
barbarians saw opened up before him
the chance of succeeding Grant in the
White House. If they knew the habits
of our Chief Magistrate their ambition
would be greatly increased. The Gover
nor of the city of Santo Domingo
spends each Sunday afternoon in the
cockpit, where he heels and handles
the birds. If he should be elevated to
the Presidency of the United States he
could add to the sport of which he is so
passionately fond the ennobling love for
fast horses which distinguishes Ulysses.
Should San Domingo and the other
West India islands be annexed, it Is not
impossible, that this new nursery for
statesmen may soon furnish a negro
candidate for President to the Republi
can party.
Constitutional Reform
The lower House of our State Legisla
ture has had a long holiday. For near
ly two weeks the members abandoned
all thought of work and gave them
selves up to pleasure. Some of them
went to Washington to witness the
ridiculous imitation of the Roman Car
nival, and others enjoyed themselves
alter the fashion of modern statesmen
elsewhere. We hope they returned to
their duties completely surfeited with
all the delights of idleness. The first
subject considered after reassembling,
was the important one of Constitutional
Reform. The partisan bill of Alr. Mann
was taken up and forced through by the
Radical majority. We are glad to know
that no such bill can be put through the
Senate. That body will so amend the
House bill as to insure an evenly di
vided convention, and the Radical ma
jority of the House will be forced in the
end to accept a perfectly fair bill, or to
defeat the proposed reform by rejecting
it. It remains to be seen what they
will , lo under the circumstances. They
will be put in a position where they
will be compelled to make a record for
the Republican party of Pennsylvania.
Dickey's speech
The Edprcss has greatly injured Col.
Dickey by publishing the remarks made
by him on the floor of the House the
other day. It is very well-known that
our Congressman is not a discreet speak
er, and fortunately for his reputation he
has somehow managed to keep a curb
upon his tongue. The speech published
by the Express is an outburst of that
vulgar abuse which distinguishes Mr.
Dickey in the Court of Quarter Sessions,
where he seems to be most at home. It
was utterly out of place in Congress.
We happen to know that one of the
proprietors of the Express was bitterly
hostile to the re-election of Mr. Dickey,
and it looks as if he was actuated in this
matter by a spirit of revenge. We do
not know how else to account for the
republication of the ridiculous speech
which our Congressman was betrayed
into making.
THE Pennsylvania Railroad has puL
lished its twenty-fourth annual report.
The total earnings for 1870 were $lB,-
531,706.82 ; total expenses $11,260,085.15;
leaving net earnings for 1870 of $6,271,-
021.07.
Combinations and Strikes
Wherever civilization exists 'contests
bet Ween capital and labor may be ex
pected to spring up. The capitalist is
always desirous of reducing the price of
labor, that he may add to his profits the
amount taken from wages. This die
position, which is as universal as avarice,
has led to the formation of combina
tions among workingmen for their pro
tection. Trade-unions exist in every
city, and the price of labor is fixed by
these societies. These unions draw Into
their ranks a large majority of the mem
bers of the different crafts, and those
who join are Interested In securing a
universal recognition of the authority
of their associations. When capitalists
attempt to reduce wages, or when
an advance is deemed necessary,
the members of a union act in
concert, and astrike ensues if the manu
facturers or operators refuse to accede
to the demands made upon them. The
members of each union pay into its
treasury a certain sum each week while
they are in employment, and the money
thus collected is used to support them
during a strike. The workman who
refuses to join a union,where one exists,
is persecuted by his fellows, and vigor
ous means are used to prevent him from
finding employment at any price. No
one,who is not a regular memberin good
standing, is allowed to work in a shop
or a mine where union mechanics are
euiployed, and the employer would soon
find himself left without a hand if he
should insist upon retaining " a rat " in
his service. The power of these unions
is often terribly exemplified. Work
men who refused to comply with the
rules of these associations have frequent
ly been killed, and the property of capi
talists who undertake to fight them is
never safe from destruction. Some of
the strongestpictures in modern Eng
lish fiction have been drawn from the
conflicts between capitalists and the
Trade-unions in that country.
In this country the strongest Trade
un ion that ever existed is that among the
miners in the anthracite coal regions of
Pennsylvania. 'The workers in these
mines are mostly foreigners, and prin
cipally English or Irish. The rules of
their associations have been brought
with them from abroad, and their means
of discipline are terribly severe. When
a strike is ordered no union-man dares to
work. He knows what the proscribed
penalties for disobedience are, and he
prefers to endure great suffering rather
than put himself in opposition to the
imperative mandates of the association.
That an association among the miners
is necessary to protect themselves from
being ground down by the avarice of
II capitalists, we have no doubt; but there
0 is good reason to believe that the Mil
ers of the existing Unions have often
been found in league with the owners
and operators of the mines. For years
past a process of absorption has been go
ing on in the anthracite region—small
operators have been brought out, and
the work of mining has passed into the
hands of a few gigantic corporations. The
strikes which have occurred within the
last two or three years have been made
with the concurrence, and frequently at
the instance, of the operators. As soon
as they have managed to accumulate a
large stock of coal, they have naturally
desired to stop production until they
might be enabled to dispose of it with
out reducing the market-price. The
only way to do that was to stop mining.
But here they were met by a difficulty.
If they should stop working their mines
for the express purpose of putting up
prices, the people would at once demand
the repeal of the prohibitory tariff,
which prevents foreign coal from being
brought into the country. So, when
they wished to secure a cessation of
mining, the capitalists contrived to
bring about, a strike by manipulating
the managers of the miners' unions.
That some of the officers of these as
sociations have been corrupted by
money received from the operators, we
suppose there is no reason to doubt.
The miners did not desire the last
strike. A vast majority of them were
satisfied to work on for such wages as
they were receiving, but the operators
wanted to unload the accumulation of
coal they had on hand, and they induced
the officers of the unions to bring about
a strike just as the winter was setting
it with unusual severity, and the de
mand for coal becoming daily greater.
The miners who were induced to
abandon work are now suffering for
their folly. A combination has been
formed between the owners of the
'nines and the railroad managers for the
purpose of breaking up the miners'
unions. The different railroads have
put up the price of transportation to an
enormous figure, and, the market be
ing bare, coal has advanced to the ex
travagant figure of. Sl:2 a toll in New
York and Boston. That the miners are
wholly blameless no one will pretend to
claim. They have been too willing to
quit work when they might have con
tinued in employment at fair prices.
That the capitalists who own the mines
and run the railroads deserve to be exe
crated, for putting the cost of a necessary
of life beyond the reach of the pour, no
one can deny. The regulation of the
relations between labor and capital is
one of the most difficult problems com
mitted to legislators; but there is one
thing which Congress can and ought to
do at once—and that is to repeal thr tarn)'
ou foreign toff!.
Iv here and How the Money Goes
One clause of the Omnibus bill appro
priates two million dollars for defraying
the expenses of the V. S. Supreme and
District Courts. Mr. Kerr made an ef
fort to reduce this amount, but failed.—
Mr. Brooks offered an amendment, pro
viding that no part of this appropriation
shall be used in State elections, or elec
tions within the States, and, upon this
question demanded the yeas and nays.
The Democrats all voted for the amend
ment and the Republicans all voted
against it. On the paragraph appropri
ating money for fuel for naval vessels,
Mr Wood made an unsuccessful effort
to amend by importing coal free of duty,
but was ruled out of order. The sum of
$60,000 fur defending suits against the
Secretary of the Treasury, Mr. Kerr
moved to reduce one-half. All these
efforts to protect the public funds were
pressed by Democratic members.
J.ssrim E. IMADv, who recent
ly died in Washington, I). C., at theage
of tel years, once held a prominent posi
tion in politics in this State. In 154(1 he
was elected to Congress over Hon. Sam'l
Hepburn from the Franklin, Cumber
land and Perry district, and in ISIS he
was defeated by Hon. James X. M'Lan
ahan. While running for office he was
a resident of Chambersburg. In 1.1.30 he
removed to Pittsburgh, and subsequent
ly to Washington. For several years
he was chief of the auditing division of
the Paymaster-General's office. The de
ceased was a lineal descendant of Capt.
Samuel Brady, the celebrated Indian
tighter, and a near relative of the late
Gen. Hugh Brady, of the United States
Army,
Tut; managers of the Pennsylvania
Railroad having completed their ma
nipulation of the Virginia Legislature
may be expected to " break ground" at
Harrisburg this week. The nine mil
lion steal is only waiting their action.
The bill has been carefully drawn by
their attorneys and it will no doubt be
introduced into the House very shortly.
It is the same old snake, but is said to
have put on so handsome a skin that
even the virtuous Geary is delighted
with its appearance. We shall see
whether he will put a second veto on it.
THE Joint High Commission met at
the State Department in Washington,
yesterday. All the United States Com
missioners were present, except Mr.
Hoar, and all the British Commission
ers, except Sir John A. Macdonald and,
Sir Stafford Northcote. The proceed
ings are secret.
A Warning from a Radical Source
The Philadelphia Post is, perhaps, the
most thoroughly Radical Republican
newspaper in Pennsylvania, and there
is certainly none more thoroughly de
voted to that party. When it speaks of
the action of the Republican party what
it says comes to us as ex cathedra. It
Sees how the absurd financial policy of
Grant's administration is sapping the
prosperity of the nation and threaten
ing ruin to all except monopolists and
capitalists who control immense sums
of money. Looking at the stagnation
of trade, and realizing the true condi
tion of affairs, It reviews the situation
and solemnly warns the leaders of the
Republican party that they are swiftly
rushing on to sure destruction. It says:
We might trace the financial history of
the nation year by year,
ever since the war
begun, and show bow heroically the peo
ple have accepted the condition of affairs ;
how they have struggled with the enor
mous weight imposed upon them ; how
they have indignantly spurned the idea of
tossing overboard the debt and starting
afresh ; how the voice of the nation has
been through all these years " The Nation
al debt is sacred !" But we simply take
the financial condition of the country as it
now stands. Look at the business interests.
A superficial observer might say, the work
shop is busy, the morning sun shines upon
teeming thousands hurrying to the ma
chine shop, the loom, the factory; there are
no bread riots; the different branches of
trade seem to be flourishing; the A.T. Stew
arts of the land still sell their millions; the
store windows are not closed—surely the
people aro prospering. But, if we except
the merchants of enormous capital, who are
able to seize every opportunity to turn a
dollar, the very large majority of the mer
cantile amimanufacturing interests are not
flourishing. Every year the patient and
sanguine trader has said: ''Well, it will be
better next year; this is a natural result of
the war; the turning point, the reaction is
at hand." But each year's experience but
repeats the former, and now the cry is,
" When will this stop? What is the reason ?-
The mind of the nation is made up. The
dark cloud of commercial stagnation that
has settled its black wing over the land is
Excessive Taxation. Will the Administra
tion listen to the warning voice? We all
know that the supreme instinct in the mind
is self-preservation. The people can no
longer be rallied by: the inspiring cries of
Greet! Victory! Liberty! From the vadt
voting population of the land comes back
the reply, "We believe in Liberty, thank
God for the victory! All honor to the sol
dier President; but we are spending day by
day the earnings of each day, and nothing
put by fur the dark to-morrow. We de
mand the immediate wiping out of the In
come Tax. We ask that this generation be
credited with scores of national ceme
teries and churchyards dotted with graves,
broken-hearted widows, orphan children
and lost hopes, and let the future genera
tions, who will reap the countless blessings
of this hecatomb of sorrows, he charged
with paying the national debt. We will
pay the interest, dollar for dollar, but the
principal, let it go on. We pledge our
houses, our lands and our broad domain as
security; it is collateral, that is safe,
We have uttered plain words. We have
mingled with the people whose "say so”
makes or unmakes adtninistrations, and
..tv bile they recognize the pure motives of
the Government at Washington, they are
determined that they are wrong. They do
not want to vote for another party ; they
venerate the principles of the Republican
party, but they cannot and will not stagger
on with the national burden. The ulti
matum is, sufficient taxation to meet the
interest on the public debt, the immediate
repeal of the most objectionable and in
quisitorial of all taxes, the income tax. If
the persons in power, with whatever good
intentions they may have, do not hear the
determined and resolute warning, so sure
ly we will be obliged to record :
Died! The Republican Party, after years
of patriotic sacrifice, of income tax and ex
cessive taxation.
GRANT adheres to his preference for
rich - men. He has just appointe&Henry
D. Cooke, brother of Jay Cooke, (;over
nor of the District of Columbia.
The coal famine has reached Easton.
There is not a ton to be found in the
coal-yards of that place.
The new and beautiful engine house
of the Vigilant Fire Company, of York,
is fast approaching completion.
A sleeping car on the Pennsylvania
Railroad, was burned on Thursday, near
Lockport, but all the passengers escaped
uninjured. The train ran upon a broken
rail.
In the Republican County Convention
held in West Chester last week, one of
the delegates from the South Precinct of
West Chester, Daniel Young, was a
negro.
Prof. Spencer F. Baird, of the Smith
sonian Institute, and formerly a citizen
of Carlisle, has been appointed by the
President, Commissioner of Fish and
Fisheries, under a recent act of Congress.
In Clarion county, Pa., recently, a
man 'eho recklessly discharged a pistol
into a crowd and killed an unotlending
person, was convicted of Involuntary
manslaughter only, and sentenced to
but eight months imprisonment.
James P. Forbis, of Dublin Township,
Fulton county, had his house burned
to the ground on last Saturday. IL
caught on fire about 10 o'clock, from the
stove-pipe, in the roof,and burned every.
thing up he had in the house.
A calf with "no tail at all" has been
born in North Coventry twp., Chester
co. The owner of the young animal
Mr. Haubergen ought to raise it, and
let it get big, but he declines to do so.—
He thinks it would have a rough time
of it in fly-time.
John Callaghan, a brakeman 35 years
old was killed on the :23.1 inst., near
Harrisburg by being caught between
cars, on the Lebanon Valley Railroad,
while discharging his duties as a brake
man in the employ of the Pennsylvania
Railroad Company.
On Wednesday evening week Clip
plinger's Saw Mill,in
ton county, was entirely consumed by
lire together with a tineset of millwright
tools, belonging to Mr. William Clip
',linger. The tire originated, it is sup
posed, from the stove in which there was
fire during the day. Partially insured.
The pine forests of Pennsylvania are
rapidly inciting away. For ten years
past the consumption of timber to sup
ply the numerous saw mills of Wil
liamsport alone has been immense. It
is safe to assume that 300,000,000 feet are
annually manufactured at Williamsport.
If we go back for ten years, we have the
enormous aggregate of 3,000,000,000 feet.
A few days since, Mr. Garvey, of
Petersburgh, Somerset county, in at
tempting to roll a sawlog off the side of
a hill where it was steep, lost his foot
ing and fell out on the frozen snow, and
was carried with great speed over twen
ty rods, and came in contact with a tree,
and was so severely injured that he died
Sunday morning. He had been mar
ried but a few months.
John Royer, fir., of the Chester Coun
ty indepcmfro Phovii.r, recently cele
brated his 781 h anniversary, and ex
pressed his desire to remain with us at
least one year yet, which would place
him in his COth year. Mr. Royer is, we
believe, the oldest printer in the State.
He enjoys tolerably good health, and
bids fair to have his wish of reaching
his four-score years gratified.
A boy, fourteen years of age, son of
Jacob Rudisilhof West Manheini town
ship, York county, whilst playing with
a glass bottle containing powder near
a fire, the powder became ignited
through a spark, exploding the bottle,
a piece of which struck the lad in the
eye cutting it so as to let the waters of
the eye out. The probability is that the
sight will be entirely destroyed. Por
tions of glass entered his body at other
places, which, however, will give no
permanent injury.
Mayor Fox, of Philadelphia, has sent
tg Councils a message calling their at
tention to the tact that the United States
government have failed to take any ef
ficient measures for removing the ithil
adelphia Navy Yard to League Island,
as was promised at the time Philadel
phia presented the Island to the govern
ment. He protests against the neglect,
and consequent loss and injustice to the
city, and requests Councils to take such
action as they may deem necessary.
A sad accident occurred on Monday
afternoon near the school-house in Pat
terson, Juniata county. William, a son
of Mr. J. C. Laird, aged about S years,
was run over by a four-horse wagon
loaded with railroad ties, and almost in
stantly killed. He, vith other boys,
was darning up the water as it ran along
the road. When the wagon came along,
he ran along side of the wagon to open
the dam, when he unfortunately slipped
and fell under the wagon, the hind
wheel passing over his body. He died
in about ten minutes.
The Waahington and Richmond Roil
RicitmoNo, Va., Feb. 21—The Washing
ton and Richmond Railroad bill, better
known as the Pennsylvania Central Rail
road bill, passed the House to-day by a vote
01 sixt y -nine to thirty-three. It now goes
to the Governor for his signature, it having
already passed the Senate. The Governor
will sign it.
Death ofJadge Cooyneham—•lle le ELM
lett - on tho; Itnilroad.
MAGNOLIA, Miss., Feb. 24.—Hon. John
N. Conynybam, of Wilkesbarre, Pennsyl
vania, was killed at this place, by being
run over by a railroad tram. Judge Con
yngham, in company with his son,W. L.
Conyngham, Esq.,was on his way to Texas,
to bring home an invalid son.
Letter from South America
Correspondence of the Intelllgencer.
CORDOtA, Argentine Republic, S. A.,
October 26, 1870. j
Messrs. 17.ditorp For the information of
your readers, I will state that the Argil
tine Republic having made an appropria
tion for the establishment of a National
Observatory to be located in Cordova,
President Sarmiento invited Dr. B. A.
Gould, of Boston, to take charge of the en
terprise. The Doctor selected four assis
tants, one from Philadelphia, two from
Boston, and Miles Rock, of your city.—
The Doctor and his family sailed on the
28th of May via Liverpool, but his assis
tants could not leave until the instruments
needed for the Observatory were ready,
which was not till the middle of July. On
the 15th of July, accompanied by your cor
respondent,
they left Pdrtland harbor in
the barque Ella, companded by Captain
Lewis. Our last dine rin the harbor con
sisted of roast beef andtlicious peas, with
sundry et ceteras. Dur
,g the afternoon
we watched house after Rouse and spire
after spire in Portland disc ear, and then
sought out more distant ohjet. N3 sli - ly a
off hundred miles o were the ite Moun
tains, and we watched Mt. Washington
until its outlines were lost in the distance.
Then the Captain pointed out the Island of
Seguin, with its light-house, near which
was his native home. This we did not lose
sight of till dark, when we took our last
lingering look at the shores of our dear
native land. At sunset we got into a fleet
of fishing schooners. At 6 o'clock there
were 163 vessels in sight. In a haif-hour
we were so near one that had gotten into a
school of mackerel that we could wave to
the captain and watch the fishermen draw
in their lines so dexterously and so rapidly
that the fish looked more like a flock of
silvery-winged birds dying into the
schooner for refuge. The grandeur of the
"starry firmament" on that first night on
the ocean is indescribable.
The few succeeding days were also inde
scribable. The assistants paid but little
attention to astronomy; but they paid a
good deal of tribute to old ocean. In
not to put too line a point to it, we were all
dreadfully sea-sick, and a more limber set
of mortals were never seen. This state Qf
affairs lasted until we entered the (lull
Stream. The waters are a beautiful indigo
blue, and so different from the transparent
green waters we left behind us. It is the
volume that has the indigo appearance; if
a bucketful is raised it is beautifully clear
and like any other water.
After tea on the 21st of July it was clear
and the sea very calm. In the distance
we saw three Nandli, called Portuguese
Men-of-War. They appeared to be 12
inches long. All wo coins see was a beau
tiful half-circle of the most delicate hues—
exquisitely delicate, and becoming radiant
in the sunshine. Then see have seen con
stantly in our wake numbers of Mother
Cary's chickens. They are no relation to
Henry Cary, the tariff philosopher. His
adumbrations put one to sleep; the Cary
chickens keep one awake. They are about
as large as blackbirds, with feathers, black
and brown, and a white stripe on the back.
They skim the surface of the water, far
assay front any abiding-place, and lly home
whenever they feel inclined.
At noon, the next day, the Captain found
that we were passing through the track of
a whale, some hours after it had passed the
spot. As far as we could see the water
looked as if some Jersey sand was cover
ing the surface. In the afternoon the mate
pointed out a shark at a distance, and put
out a piece of pork to attract him. lie was
not a !and shark, however, and had not
been accustomed to pork. Later in the af
ternoon the sailors watched a dolphin at the
boa., and a Norwegian of the crew tried to
harpoon him, but did not succeed.—
After dinner on July 24th we saw several
schools of Ilyingdish—strange looking
things, that merge from the water and fly
30 or 40 feet, until their tins become dry,
when they dive again. After while I saw
some great-looking thing making its way
through the water. I thought it was a
shark but our mate informed us that it was
a black-fish, out of which two barrels of oil
could be produced. '(ye thought it might
be a good foundation for an oil company,
but declined to take any stock.
Sunday, the 2101, was a lovely, peaceful
day. The captain's wife played the melo
deon and we sang some hymns. After
supper on that day, Mr. Hock drew up the
patent log, to see how many miles we had
traveled since morning. On it was a bunch
of seaweed ; and among its tendrils was a
crab. Ile has since been performing in a
basin of salt water, to the amusement of all
the passengers. On this day we were op
posite 'Wilmington, N. C. un the 27th, we
felt well enough to begin our Spanish les
sons, but we didn't take to it nearly as
kindly as you lancasterians do to Pennsyl
vania Dutch. Tiring of this, some of the
folks rigged up a pole with a dipper and
caught a young nautilus. It is a greoeuner
looking thing to have life and live in this
great body of water; is about the size of a
large thimble, and is perfectly transparent
with the exception of several long feelers—
marine-blue in color, which it could draw
up into a bag-like form. Great numbers
of these were floating on the waters, soil
looked like bubbles. In the afternoon the
mate caught seaweed for tho party with
hook and line, and such a scrambling for
it you never saw. One of the party found
24 crabs among the weed, which he put in
a wash-bowl. The big ones were so hun
gry that they ate the little ones, Whenever
they were smart enough to catch them;
and during the evening seven a the little
ones were thus gobbled up. Congress ought
to import sonic of those big crabs to help it
gobble tip those dangerous heresies term
ed State's rights. In this seaweed see catch
also sea-fleas, squids, and a leathery-sort
of living thing with little or no shape,
which we call an elephant—not from its
size, but from its clumsiness.
August lst, at supper time, our mate
cried "sail ahoy," the first we have seen
for 12 days. It was 'about 10 miles distant
and sailing in the same direction as our
selves. About half-peat 7 the next morn
ing, one of the party discovered a row
boat making dire,•tly for us. Of 'nurse
all were eager to know their errand. After
the men had clambered up the side of our
vessel, and told their story, we learned that
Capt. ThomasT. Pease left New Bedford,
Mass., two months before on a Wilaileg
voyage of 3 years. They had taken one
whale and were going southward, when,
from some 'nose unknown to the officer,
five or six of the crew plotted together and
set lire to their ship, ( Robert Edwards),
when about 7.10 miles from the Bermudas.
After smothering the lire for forty hours,
they were compelled to take to their feats
on July 22d, at 8 P. M., and met with no
vessel until Sunday, the 24th, at tl A. M.
At that time they fell in With the brig Mary
Rice, of Baltimore, with a crew of eight
persons, bound for Rio Janeiro. As there
were thirty-two whalers, the little brig
had quite a stalwart addition to its crew.—
Capt. Pease hoped to hind us homeward
bound, but failing in that he desired help.
He and the five men with him looked sad
and troubled. C'apt. Lewis gave Him two
barrels of mess-beef, one barrel of pilot
bread, and some newspapers, they left
with grateful hearts. They rowed eight
miles to us, but the water was as smooth as
glass.
They have doubtless reached home long
before this letter will reach you, and the
information which I now give may be an
old story. Many of your readers, however,
may find it news to them, and at any rate
it marked such an eventful point in our
trip, at a time when we were almost be
calmed, that I could not omit to write of it.
It does not seem right to leave you in "deep
water," but as I have many things to wish,
and this letter is already, I fear, too Jong, I
must defer my further gossip fur another
letter. The water here is only rri miles
deep—wouldn't it be nice to have about half
of it for the Lancaster reservoirs? The "vig
orous administration" would have plenty
of water, and your heavy capitalists could
go it "heavy" on a salt monopoly.
Faithfully, thine,
"YOU KISli/W WHO."
A Sew Fashion
A sharp correspondent, who watches
New York "society" as a recreation, tells
us that another noted innovation is the in
troduction of cigarettes for ladies at a few
of the fashionable dinners. Coming with
the coffee, and on silver salvers lie the
dainty little bunches, and white, jeweled
fingers hold the fragrant liavanas with
nonchalant ease. Twenty years ago only a
few married women ventured to defy con
ventionality ; but now the various "isms"
and the broad sweep allowed to "reason"
form a more lax etiquette, therefore won
der ceases and surprise is mute. Neural
gia is the fashionable epidemic, for the cure
of which smoking has been recommended,
therefore during the rainy days just past,
graceful rings and floating clouds made the
demi-four wax fainter in many luxurious
boujoirs. So lovely woman is to solace
herself, if she wishes to be thought fashion
able, by smoking.
How Ben. Butler Adorns Hl. Residence
ATM Itelneen Two Eadkßl Congress
The Appropriation Bill being under dim
cussion in the House, an item for furniture
in the Treasury Department brought out
Mr. Farnsworth again in an attack upon
the architect of the Treasury Department,
and he mentioned the incident ottwo ex
pensive mirrors being " toted " about to
adorn and beautify the house of a distin
guished member olCongress in Washington
City ; and that one of them, costing some
$lO,OllO, had been broken or lost in the
transportation backward and forward.
Mr. Eldridge ( Dem., Wis.,) asked Mr.
Farnsworth to what member of Congress
he referred ; was he a Democrat?
Mr. Farnsworth replied that his polities
were of that uncertain kind that It was dif
ficult to tell what they were. He had
been a Democrat, and every thing else
"by turns, but nothing long." [Laugh
ter.]
Mr. Butler tßep., Mass.) replied to Mr.
Farnsworth's insinuations. There were
some things, ho said, which a man could
not avoid. For instance, he could not
avoid, when going along a street, having a
mud-car spatter filth upon him. The
member from Illinois had accused him of
being interested in a granite contract for
the Boston Post-Office, but his colleague on
the Post-Office Committee (Fitch) had in
formed the House that there was not the
slightest evidence connecting him With it.
Then carne some item abou, turni ture, and
thereupon the " mud•unichine" went at it
again, and the House was told that furni
ture belonging to the Treasury had been
used by him 1 Butler). There was not a
word of truth in it. The accusation was
that the Secretary of the Treasury, the Su
pervising Architect, and everybody who
had to do with these appropriations, were
all corrupt, and this charge was made by
a man Whose majority had dwindled ten
fold from 14,1105) to 1,400, and against a
Methodist preacher too. [Laughter.] He
had but one observation to make, and that
was that he who accused all the world,
convicted only one, and that one himself.
He who ran "a
-muck" against every man,
only showed that his own heart had all the
qualities with which he desired to invest
every one else. Ile was like the man who,
being drunk himself, saw all the world
staggering before hint. The member from
Illiuuis saw Mailing but wrong, frand,lllk
fellSallee, and" malicasance in everybody
else. [Laughter.]
r. Farnsworth saint that he had not
stated that the house of the member from
Massachusetts hail been graced with Mir
rors belonging to the Treasilry, but as it
seemed that 010 coat fitted that niember,he
would now say that it hail been proved be
fore a COMMlttee of the House, and was
susceptible or p oaf again, that that mem
ber's Butler's, house Was graced with nrir
rors belonging to the United States Govern
ment, and that some of I.IIOSO mirrors had
been lost in their tranSilliSsloll tin and from
the Treasury. Ile held in his hand a docu
ment winch would prove to any unpreju
diced jury that the member from MaSNNellll
- Setts was interested in a stiMe-quarry, front
which the granite was taken for the Boston
Post-011ie°. It teas as Well understood in the
City of Boston as any other fact that was 110-
terions there. The quarry was Universally
called "Butler's quarry." The testimony
taken showed that a man named French, a
distiller, a former officer on the stall of the
member from Massachusetts, but who
could not get a commission from Gov. An
drew on account of his notoriously bad
character, had been taken down into the
member's district and used there in con
nection with a quarry. That man had come
on to WAshington because his distillery ,
had been seized for violation Of the Reve
nue laws, and went to corisult the member
front AlleiSitellusetts, wbn owns usually Con
sulted in such cases. Ile hail happened
to mention that he had some spare money,
and to ask how he should invest it, and the
member from Massachusetts advised him
to buy a stnne-quarry. Anil it had happen
ed that that n, as about the very day When
the first appropriation of $200,6)10 was
made by Congress for the Boston Post
, Office. 'chi:, distiller had never owned a
alone-quarry, and keens' nothing about the
business; but he went and purchased an
old abandoned stone•quarry, :mil immedi
ately afterward, under the advice and as
sistance of the Mein her from Massachm
setts (Buffet he procured a contract,
although he was the highest bidder, for the
granite for the entire building of the Bos
ton Post-Office, although there was a
statute which Made it a high misdemeanor
for any officer of the Government in Make
a contract beyond the appropriation already
made. lle was not to be told, under these
circumstances, that the member from Mas
sachusetts was not interested in that con
tract.
An item for contingent expenses of the
House being under consideration, Mr.
Dawes explained that the principal cause
of the exhaustion of the contingent fund
was the payment of contestants for seats in
the House, who had received during the
present Congress $76,000, besides $2,8,000
paid for expenses in connection with those
cases.
El=
The Radical Congressman, lion. C. C.
Bowen, who escaped conviction for biga
my at his recent trial, is still in great dan
ger or being sent to the penitentiary. lie
will be tried again on the former indict
ment, and also on a second 0110 now }Wild
ing against him. The Augusta, Georgia,
Chronic/c contains the following in relation
to him:
A party from Charleston arrived here
yesterday for the purpose of procuring tes
timony against C. C. Bowen in the second
bigamy time that has been brought against
hint. Bowen lived in this city Hanle twen
ty years ago, and is known here as a jour
lievinan bricklayer by day and a jack-leg
gambler by night, with a rather shady
character. In October, Isll2, he married
Miss Frances Hicks, a highly respectable
lady of this city, but afterwards abandoned
her, and since that time has marriol two
other wives. lie has just been tried for
bigamy, and a mis-trial ordered. Since
that he has been arrested on a new charge,
that of marrying Miss Hicks, anti then
marrying Mrs. King. The party in ques
tion, whose names we suppress, ffiend the
marriage license and certificate duly re
corded in the Ordinary's office, and got
a certified copy of the documents. 110
was married on the :list cif October, by
NV. tr. Connor. The following witnesses
were summoned by the V. S. Deputy
:Marshal, yesterday, to attend the prelimi
nary examination, which will take place
in Washington. on the listh : E.. 1. II 'olio,
Mrs. Frances Bowen, D. Porter, Miss
Mary Sago, and Miss Lousia
From all accounts, Bowen must be a pretty
hard CB-Se. It is charged that he attempted
to have M r. 1'..1. Mackey, of Charleston, as-.
sassinated in Washington about a week
ago, and in Charleston about, three weeks
ago, and that a Witness who was summoned
to Washington to testify against him has
mysteriously disappeared. lie is also
charged with having procured the murder
of Colonel White in IVA, and with having
bribed the deputy jailer of Charleston—a
negro—to permit the escape of Eli grimes,
the only witness against him. lie will
probably go up next March, when his trial
comes on.
The came of Congreoemmit Bowen---. 1 Let
=7TlM:elin=l
Mrs. C. C. Bowen, formerly Mrs. Petigru
King, has written a letter to the Washing
ton c/o:on/etc imploring protection trout
the "persecution " to which ler husband is
subjected. In reference to her husband
she says:
"Ile had not concealed his antecedents
from into. I know that lie had been an or
phan boy without relatives and friends,
had drifted into the company of gamblers
and prostitutes, and had lived their life un
til it pleased the good toil to lift him from
the mire, and to stir within him the spirit
of reformation a purification." In the clos
ing of her letter she says, :I, a reason why
the public ought to extend her relief, "This
persecution takes every shape. Murder,
arson, b,rgery, burglary, are added to the
charge of bigamy. The most ridiculously
ghastly storiesare gravely inserted ill news
papers by order of one, person. Warrants
are issued on him sole testimony again and
again We shall be reduced to abject pov
erty by legal requisitions. My lire is har
assed, my health undermined: my reason
totters, and I lie at the mercy of a villain
whose very countenance sshould inspire a
disbelief and mistrust.•'
The Court-Martial of the Colored (inlet
NeCretar, lielklllll, ha a 410311111nry.
The delay in announcing the result of the
court-marl ial of colored Cadet Smith occa
sions considerable comment, and various
reasons have been ascribed for the procras
tination. It is stated on good authority
that the secretary 01 war iv perplexed in
forming his decision, as he is called upon
to deciue Smiths We on the merits of the
ease. There is but little doubt that the
Secretary is disposed to sanction his dis•
missal from the academy, and trio Presi
dent would approve such a sentence, but,
in view of the public feeling created against
the conduct of the tirst class, and as Smith
is not the only cadet who has grossly mis
behaved himself, the Secretary of War is
undecided whether to put Sinith on his
good behavior or end his career at the
Military Academy by dismissal.
In consequence of recent numerous pub
lications by the West Point cadets of arti
cles relative to the late disturbances. hen
eral Pitcher, the Su perin ten dent, has railed
their attention to the army regulations,
which forbid all publications by officers
and cadets relative to transactions at the
Military Academy.— I'. Y. Herold.
A ppearnnee of the English Co 1111 l %Is.
The tuba was sighted off Sandy Hook at
4 o'clock yesterday afternoon, and on her
arrival at Lower Quarantine was detained
there till this morning: but the Commis
sioners were taken ashore in the United
States mail-boat, and landed at the Cunard
dock Jersey City, about 71 o'clock. The
Earl de Grey and Ripon is of medium size,
slenderly built, about forty-five years of
age, and has sandy whiskers. He was the
first to land, and was received the moment
he stepped ashore by Mr. Archibald, the
British Consul. His son, Viscount Good
rich a young man of twenty-one, was ac
companied by his tutor from Oxford. The
youthful viscount is pale, wears glasses
like his father, is of middle size and unas
suming manners. Lord Teuterden is over
the medium height, stout, and stoops
slightly, and•wears a thick, bushy, black
beard. Professor Montague Bernard is a
quiet-looking elderly gentleman of over
sixty years. Carriages were in waiting,
and the distinguished gentlemen were con
veyed to the BEevoort House to rest for a
short time afteftheir voyage, but the great
er prri of their luggage was ordered to be
sentdirect on to Washington. The Commis
sioners and the British Consul'were driven
to the Debrosses street ferry, which they
crossed, remaining in the carriages, thence
to the Brevoort House.—N. Y 'llynes.
A Despatch from the Emperor William
Prellminetrles ofarence Nl gued
The Bordeaux Atmembly Moat Yet Rai
Ily Them.
How the Treaty of Pence ix Received
BADEN, Feb. 27.—Emperor William tel
egraphs from Versailles as follows: " With
a deeply moved 'heart In gratitude to God,
I Inform you that the preliminaries of
peace have been signed. The Bordeaux
Assembly must yet ratify them.
(Signed) u. it ELM."
LONDON, Feb. 27.—The telegraphic dos.
patch from Versailles, dated 213th, says,
that M. Thiers has proposed the purehase
of Luxemburg, by France, and 14 , 1 transfer
to Germany, if Metz be restored.
The Emperor William Is much improved
In health.
PARIS, Feb. 27.—Preliminaries of peace
were signed yesterday at 5:30 I'. M. Fart•
cedes Alsace and letz. Ilelfort is retained.
The war indemnity is fixed at live milliards
francs for the payment of which three years
time is granted. The Germans are to hold
the fortresses until paid.
The armistice has been prolonged for
week. 'rho Germans are to enter Paris
immediately. Baron Rothschild has been
summoned to Versailles, as are also the
tail tray Presidents, who are to arrange to
tarry the t torman troops back to i:ertnany.
Their departure will lie preceded by a re
view in the Champ de Mitts. It is said !Ind
the Matrxeilles election has loot annulled,
and Ithligny declines to assume the do.
putyship.
l'ititts, Feb. 27.—The
comments im the ermil terms of peaeo im
posed on France, and says 'Floors and
Favre were several times ‘,ll the potiu of
breaking if the negotiations at the risk of
a . resiimption liostilitiesdniii yielded only
to dire necessity.
Ithmiarek at first demanded ten milliards
indemnity, sad it si tS reduced 10 the slim
finally agreed upon only by the most street •
uous exertions.
A 'fleeting of the Deputies belonging to
the extreme and moderate Left was held
last night to prepare a tel protest
against the cession of Preach territory,
but 110 action was taken.
Sunday being the anniversary of the
pronhunation of the Republic of Ib4s , the
Reds held a in eeting in the Placed° la Bas
tile. 'the demonstration was disorderly,
and terminated in a scene of revolting
atrocity. 'rho pot ivy agen t who attempted
to inferrer° sots seized. by the enraged
crowd, fastened to a plank, foul thrown in
to the Seine, where, Mier struggling for
some time, he was drowned. As long as
he could be seen shove the surface he was
pelted with stones by the crowd on the
quay. Ateagist rate who attempted to save
the unfortunate man was threatened with
similar treatment, and was finally obliged,
to Ily for his life.
The Journals continue to assail ( ;Oman) .
in the bitterest terms.
It huts been stipulated that only :to,unn
German troops Shall enter Paris, and they
shall thut march boyund l'lace de la l'nn•
Clunk.
Several journals animinll.o that they mill
SUSI/1,1111 1,111/11C11.01111 during tho 11,11111“11111
Of the city, and all reentumenti the inhabi
tants m remain ‘vithin 11001, and 00,0101s - sr
shutters.
'rile authorities are very uneasy in regard
to the altitude of Igo population NO., the
l'russiatis march in. The National 41nard
have been under arms all night and perfect
order has prevailed, but the gilards 111111
regular troops are greatly discontented, atilt
it 14110111111'11i ii they ran he depended upon
to restrain the people Iroot violonco at the
antic:trance of the away.
Los nay, Feb. :/s.- A despatch from
Paris to-day, states that the ilisalreetion
manifested on the antioutivement of the
proposed entry or the Prussian troops int t
Paris, has not extended very considerahly
among the people. TllO 110111t111All'ial./11m
11111110 nn Suns hey by the trt cps and
National ;moll wer• re mined be a Jew
soldiers.
derision of the National Assembly is
anxiously leaked for, and great fears are
expressed that o.k:counsels of the 1,11 only
prevail and the terms of peace meet with a
rejection (hitt will eliiiiplicaM peace pros
peels. Louis If and I ;ainbetla are tip
'lose,' to the acceptance of lute terms.
A number of k lionaparti,t agents are in
l'aris, and will favor the rejection. The
l'russians arm, evidently preparing for 11
tide kind,
known hi be opposed to Lilo entry of oho
troops. If at•ollision should occur between
the people and Prussians, it will be Iliadc
an excuse for putting the i• ity tinder mar
tial law.
Pen.lon. lo Soldier. of Isl2—Tex of
Art DA Powse.l by iosigre.,
The fidlowitiu is the text or the ;let grant
ing. penshms to certain kohliers tint sallors
of the war Or 'mil!. and tho 111.-
1 . 011.401 i SO pliers:
Ile et criarted by the .S'etirftc n,ul 11114.
iblorrsi.rtloitirr.v thd: rntlra .Vetto
In I 'ongrc , is a.vrembird, That the
Ses•retary of the Interior be, and he is here.
by, inithorized and directed to place on the
pension-roll the names of thesurviving
officers and enlisted and dratted men, in
cluding militia and volunteers, of the mil
tary and naval service of tire United States
who served sixty days in the war with
ti rent Britain of eighteen hundred and
twelve, and were honorably discharged,
and to such ollicors and soldiers RS may
have been personally 111111111(1 in any reso
lution of Congress lbr any specific service
in said war, although their term of service
:nay have been less than sixty days, and
who at no tune during the late rebellion
against the authority of thu. United States
adhered to the cause of the enemies of the
government, giving them add and comfort,
or exercise,' the functions of any office
whatever under any authority or pretend
ed authority in hostility to the
States, and who shall take and subscribe
an oath t.O nu pport the Constitution of the
l'nited States, and the surviving widows
of such officers and enlisted and drafted
,net ; Preridrit, That such widow shall
have been married prior to the treaty of
peace which terminated said war to MI
hoer or enlisted or drafted man, who served
as aforesaid in said war, and shall not have
remarried.
Sim. 2. _l ett he it fort her ,nomad. That
this act shall not apply to any person who
is receiving a pension at the rate of eight
dollars or more per month, nor to any per
son receiving a pension less than eight dol
lars per month, except for the difference
between the pension now received and
eight dollars per month. Pensions under
this net shall be at the rate of eight dollars
per month, except as herein Itrovided,
when a person is receiving a pension of less
than eight dollars per month, and shall be
paid to the persons entitled thereto from
and after the passage of this set, for and
during the term of their natund
Sot'. S. .4 ad lie it further entteted, Thal
before the name ur any person shall be
placed upon the pension roll under this act,
proof. hall be made under such rules and
regulations as the Secretary of the Interior
may prescribe, that the applicant ie entitled
ton pension under the provisions of this
act; and any any person who Shall falsely
take an oath required Mho taken Under the
provisions of this act shall he guilty of per
jury, and the Secretary of the Interior shall
cause to be stricken Roan the pension-roll
the name of any person whenever it shall
appear by proot satisfactory to hint that such
Milne was put upon such roll through false
or fraudulent representations as to the
right if such person ma pension under the
provisions of this act. '1 ho loss of vertill
cate of discharge shall not deprive the ,ep
plicant of the benelita of this act, but other
proof of services pertortned and or an hon
orable discharge, satisfactory, shall be
deemed sufficient
Star. 4. .I nd he it 1 arther courted, '(hat the
provisions of setup me 12 and 13 or an act
entitled "An act supplementary to An act
to grant pensions,'" approved :In ly 4, ISffl,
and of sections 2, 3 and 4 of an act. enti
tled "An act suplein entary to several acts
relating to pensions," approved hum 11,
ISfifi, shall be applicable to the pensions
granted by this act.
1313azi:EUE1=2
One MaJa lardantly Killed and n I.tirgi.
Number Injured.
About six o'clock on Thursday morning
the Erie Mail on the Philadelphia and Erie
taiiroad, was thrown off the track a short
distance east of Watsoutown by a broken
rail and one man instantly killed and fel&
injured to such an extent that fatal resula.
are anticipated. The engine, baggage and
first passenger cars passed the !aunt of dan
ger without being thrown off, but three
coaches following were thrown down as de
clivity of about fifteen feet and badly
wrecked. The man killed was a merchant,
named Adam:Freetneyer, from Milton. Mr
Wellman the engineer, was seriously but
not dangerously injured. The other suf
ferers wore principally through passengers
from New York. Several pll3 sicians were
promptly on the ground adminhdering to
the wants of the wounded.
Between fifteen and twenty persons were
injured by the accident, several of whom
cannot recover. Everything possible la
being done to alleviate themulferlngs of the
wounded.
Ebmirts, N. V. Feb. 113.—The night ex
press train on the Northern Central Rail
road, between Baltimorean(' Elmira,struck
a broken rail, a few miles below Williams
port, Pa., about seven o'clock this morn
ing, and was thrown from the track down
a iorty-foot einbankmdnt. The engine,
baggage and first passenger car cleared the
rail in safety, without leaving the track,
and the second and fourth passenger
care and third sleeper went doWn.—
The fifth passenger was thrown from too
track, but did not go down. The first pas
ganger car made three complete revolu
tions in going down. In the car, one man,
named Adam Frymyer, of Milton, was
killed, and Edwin M. Lemon, of Warsaw,
New York, was badly, and Benjamin
Weeks, of Havana, slightly injured. There
were seventeen persons more or less
injured. 'the lion. 11. Boardman
Smith, of this city, was a passen
er In the sleeping car, but escaped un
hurt. The Eton. Horace Lewis, ofdlornells •
ville, was In the same car, and MO his face
somewhat cut, but his injuries are not se
vere. The car took tire from the stoves,
but the 'lames were extinguished before
they did much damage. Commander F. A.
Roe, U. S. N., was a passenger on the train,
but he escaped without injury. Every at
tention was given to the wounded at the
hotel in Watsontown, and at the Herdic
House in Williamsport. The train, which
was due In this city at noon, did not arrive
until seven this evening.