E LANCASTER . INTELLIGENCER.
rtrITLIBLITM gvHi 1 WISIXTEECIIAT "ITY
11. G. ONLITII CO.
0. SAI I TIT A. S. STEINMAN.
-,odE3—Two Dollars per annum lutyrthle
All (maw to uelvtulekt.
tts LANOARVIR DAILY INTIMIJOGNCEiII Ju
blUillett every ovrnllut, Sunda.' wteeptott, at
par IMllltll.ll Lll
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FICE--SOUTITIPIHT (70111 , 111 t. Wt ()ENT=
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'lt glowhig,
loaves TO richly lilenika,
..1 her saailet-thrisactl silgslars:
'II Per sparkling, 1121,11ing P:11.
W 1 her gnrarrals, r,rI,LS.
LL t 110 Hag,. of ills sail u;LI
Twlnlog varland,
Wsnvlng g; Irlaaa+
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'all lila rot N , V , ILI
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1,•adtr.....,
v -; p r !In! OA- ITAsIn
H ” a ll ~, . .1,10;,•,1 ;:lid-.lr.
won. four 1111 . 1::,1 v.t
hv 11“1./ohiftl ;11t•
1 1 St•nt 11,, ',piing'',
1 ,, 3,, o r
M;I , 1 Wire
fnt.l(•.
tip rrmil
coppe•r Lull
with Lair I r.in , p , t-Tnwttlo , nn ftir,kid.•
NV:I-• nil ill(l Any p..i
, on t‘ , prop ,, P
it into .lf :!nr - nr.•l-r:iroith. , ;
ly ortel'evord+ an :.pproprial
onqxvor cAIII , iron) nil 111 ,, rwir nvw!l:.
TI, yin woo 0 Aoli Ihot 11 SCelllO , l
rron, r, vP7s- - pqtri n:1,1 dinli v
I.•ing Coiry, gir
I'n - v. ,. 11 And i!ollon ht - th
witty an
remark, {VON , r11:1 , !P, :1!‘
; nnilwei
siiing It ws
adriiiil t ia on all hand , lii Ail AN ractiv
a' , Hier , sVerr 111,:111S
very fy intr. t filet 'Jut! tlici.:l,,hobawli
11.111ilw; whAtovor, excep., futlr riiiin
Inc Nvlll , li TvAl.wmended, thr ,tirpr
felt wry fnr•t9
•
.WW, WO: , tn-0 ;hp t•;,ii,; awl theru
were ~e- m ine+ i;} Ihr rnik itNt epposife
•
two ~r m.O h.,. La an all
jt,litin morn %V S n !ml}' ~ , , n ted at a
piano Hrt-: acrr. .tpfming in tile
pftltttt;r•ti heir:teen the i kirn ptottis vtl
- liar la see what wa , etoinfr oil;
while a Onropnie , l tithe wo esrrica from
a point, near the level of her ear to
the hollow {,art or tits mf , hirie,beneatit
the Mot., c. , on lids, as we know, travel
very easily through lobes; and thus
the quest!oning, this answering, the
ringing, end the pinorte playing,
were transferred from room to room.--
When a spectator asked a question,
speaking at one end of the trumpet
mouths, the sound was reflected from
the trumpet hack to the opening in the
hori7ontal rail, which opening was
wither seen nor suspected by the audi
ence; it went down the rail, under the
floor, and into the adjoining apartment.
where the lady heard it; and the sounds
in the opposite direction were similarly
conveyed. The sound became so altered
in character and intensity by this pro
cess of transmission as really 1.0 seem to
~ane from the hall; and when an an
swer was given to a question expressed
in a whisper, the impression was very
strong that the answers really Came
from the hall. Far less clever than this
invi,iihle Girl was the so-called An
thropoglossus. exhibited in London six
or eight years ago. There was a color
ed bust suspended from the ceiling of a
room,. some machinery inside,
which puritorted to produce sounds; but
the speaking and the comic singing
really came from an adjoining apart:
dr,./tx Xixlttaitd . sttt(ll4.,:vt./(t.
VOLUME 71
-----
ment through tubes laid with very lit
tle scientific skill.
But the morelliterestlitg contrivances
are those in which the sounds are really
produced by a mechanism of pipes, bel
.ows, keys, vibrating reeds, Sec. Musi
cal instruments have in some cases been
played with surprising success by such
means, Involving the expenditure of an
almost incredible amount of time, pa
tience and Ingenuity iii devising the
requisite arrangements. Valle/111 , 3011 ' S
flute-player was a wonderful example
of this kiwi. It was it life-size figure,
dressed in the ordinary fashion of Ids
day (about 17:10), and st:tniling on a pe
destal; both figure:lntl pedestal being
full of delicate nittehinery, essential to
the ;Nvorli ng of the machine. When
wound up with a Ivry, the figure play
ed real music on a real Huts. WZIS
projected front the mouth-hole of the
flute, and the force of the current was
Varied In suit the loudness and
softness of different passages, as
well as the different pitch of their
octaves, the opening between the
lips being varied to assist in producing
the (1...-I red (blbets, The lingers, made
„r the
holes in the proi,or order for producing
the suveral
et,:l-111 , •(4 , 1 to filly acertnin 11l1Illher of
tunes, beyond svltich its powers did not.
-xtertd. 51,01, afterLvarils thesame clever
meohnitican produced Ili, nittornaton
Ingeolet-player. The ll(Lgeolet had (m
-y three holes; and so divers,. was t h e
Well -it y of wind required to pr.litee ctrl
he ion , — of a lune trill, such limited
mans, that the pre- , lre Varied fl . lllll
Ile .1110, for the lowest note up to fifty
:: pounds for (lie highest. Another of
is productions ',vas his autonutton pipe
tl tambour-player: the figure of a
(plterd, standing on a play
it-tiny twenty minutes and country
nee—on n slieplield's pipe, held in the
1 let lel. At the Sallie lime playing on a
ui's,'' 'a
kind of hyhird hetween a
and a small lo a m with a
1. held hi the right u n til.
•mmotsbut trumpeter, exhibit
, slaty years ago, Leas quite
~r invert fitly. .k figure,
.e• 1 in the till of a trumpeter
.\airfoil dragomp , , w h en Ivontel
n played the Austrian l'avalry
(reit, r.roi n marsh and allegro Iry
. irl , on It 1:11111N1,, and true
by nn orehe-tra, the sounds of it,
impel. being admirably produced.--
feu his dross hying changed tut that. of
Vrefich t rtiftipet ,, r of tit, I; :surd, the
:tire played the French Cavalry
:11,11, 311 1110 signals, (L march by Inis-
It, and all allegro by \Viten
~, tisider the numerous modifications
f pressure with which the lips of a
rtimpeter touch the small end of the
ritilipet, the phshietion lir such results
.y is certainly surprising.- -
„ , , ;(1 after Alaelzel's time, Maillartlet
.rodurisi an automaton pianoforte-play
r. The figure of a lady, settled :it a
tittittti'm•te, itiiiyett tilt tees than eight
een tunes, keeping; on for till hour tvheu
MVO lilt; the maeltinery was
aid open at iblervals lit such a tray is
o shoLv that, it %vas really mechanism
hal played. The white I,eys or nattiral
louts Nvert• pressed with liih;ers in the
;mile \Van,”, 1)111 the lialS ;finish:frit:" were
!tslueoir by pressing on pedals with - The
- eel. The inventor sutd•eedeti in intik- I
mt . this lady more graceful in her atti-
Jule mei movements (hall is generally
he ca,e , trill, alllolllala, 1
,hfillt 1 , 2 0 there was an ex ilihit-ion a I
aotittniffli mite-Ititiyei, fu Lupton;
iwtt ClL . ..lire,' played eightt , en duets ,
which must have required H. cast
1111,1110 of ifiterhlr mechanism.
noi her class of these ingenious con-
Iri Volllprkle , pities of mechan
whiell imitate the ery of certain an
heals and the song of birds. 'Chin lots ,
been rather a favorite insoldern with
Hoek makers. eethedral clock at
(,yeas, made by Lippins de Basle, anti
repaired by Nourisson in the seven
mem 11 century, had aseries dial phttes
theyvar,HIC111 1 )11111,
rife heel:. Hie day, 1.11(1110111", the minute '
was shores. Besides these there \rel . . ,
lig:ire , ui amrek, a dove:mil (Lintel; ; the
boors were anlomf feed by (lie cruising
cock, th rice repeated, after a ple
liinin:Lry flapping of wings, and when '
11lb:crowing tea" (lone the dove de,cend
f,,l, :did the anuels came forth from a re
cess and playnst a hymn on a set of hells.
\\-,• -.peal; of this vier(; in the past tense,
not 1, :towing \vlt.. (her:Lyons still pos
sesses sorb a curiosity. The mar
volott, Hoeft in the beautiful cathedral
of sti.ttst"ttlig I at 011 e time a f•wititti
f,ttittli of still inftre etabfq.-
at,: belt", l,rr:ursrd in tt '
lion, played three different tunes at
three, seven and eleven o'cloek every
day ; and a thailltsgiving at bliristm as,
Easter and \Vllitsuntitle ; svlten this
\vas finished, a curl:, which stood on the
top of the tower, stretched out his neck,
shook - flapped his ‘Liiigs Iwiro,
Cl - Owed (Wire, The hMilhardlllelll
may perch:me. , Ittivu ruined the to \vet s .
Lot at any rate I Ite mazy inlri•a, its of
the fl o ck had Iweflllle unmanageable
lengatot. Vaticanson'stluel:,ennstruel
e.l d buthlred anti thirty years age.,
quael.ed litte a real duck. A .' itiong the
curio-P les preserved :It VCF^:litil , in 1110
time of 1,016 , the Vi.lll'l , elllll Was a
made by :\ lartinot. At the com
pletion of every hour turn cocks .;rowed
nherieltely, and flapped their wings:
after ‘vhieli 11st , littledoorsoponed, tt‘
hello, appeared hearing hot cymbal::
or gongs, and two sentinels b e at on the
t•yinbals with clubs.. Aiaillardet
tut oval Lux about three Melte- ,
in length, from \chilli, WllOll the
lit! was opined, a tiny bird deer
out, fluttered its wings, opened its
withLill it tremulou: motion,
Nvarldeil its hull(' anti then , 11111
itsrll'dou - u again in lieitc h. .l . llo ,
\COO relllolllool . 1111' little
Called the t! -, .‘vis-!. Nightingale, at the 1.11-
11 . 1'llaliffilal lii Lit jot, eight years act t,
\Viil he prepared to itiolorstanci that
:\laillartlet has had many inlitators. —
Some years ago there was it, eXhihitioll
in I.nudou ligure , of a child,
nuffll:.ey, a goat and a hare.
said "Pa" and "Ala, " .toil the goat ideat
ed. In other automata m's nifty some
timr-. meet with a bleating sheep; and
there \vas one in which a dog harked
whenever fruit in a hasitet was toucheti
; au inhaler.—.l(/ fie ter areas,!
A Remarkable Dlsroyery.
My ninny it has been held as a theory
that the 'ilium desert Wai+ ones all owe:ill
_At itilo•rvals pools of salt water
have }load for a while in (lie miolst of
the surrounding waste of sand, di,ap.-
l'earing only to rise again in the sante
or other localities. A short time since
one of ',lie:, saline lakes disappeared,
and a party for 11111i:ills reported duo dis
covers of no loll: left th , n ' -
etaling waters. A party of Awerie.,
itt once proweeileci 100 the , pot anti Gnunl
itilkolirliool in the sand? Ulf , wreck of
lanze vessel. Nearly one-third of the
forward part ,if the ship or hark is plain
ly visilde. 'the stump of the how-,prit,
and portions of the Bathers of
teak are perfect. The wreck is located
riolly miles north or the San Bernarditte
:nut Fort 1 - 11111 n. rnad, :Intl thirty miles
west of Los Paltnos, a well 1:110Wli
watering place on the desert. The road
across the de-ert has been traveled for
more than one hundred years. The
history of the ill-fated vessel can tf
course never he known, but the dis
covery of its decaying, timbers, in the
midst of what has long been a desert,
will furnish ',avails with food for discus
sion, and Illtly perhaps furnish import
ant, aid in the elucidation of questions
of Scielli'foi
Causes or Sudden Deaths
Very feW of the sudden deaths which
are said to arise from " disease of the
heart" do really arise from that cause.
To ascertain the real origin of sudden
deaths, experiments have been tried in
Europe, and reported to a scientific con
gress held at Strasbourg. Sixty-six cases
of sudden death were made the subject
of a thorough post-mortem examination;
in these cases only two were found who
had died from disease of the heart. Nine
out of the sixty-six had died from apo
plexy, while there were forty-six cases of
congestion of the lungs—that is, the
lungs were so full of blood they could
not work, there not being room enough
for a sufficient quantity of air to enter
to support life. The causes that produce
congestion of the lungs are—cold feet,
tight clothing, costive bowels, sitting
still chilled after being warmed with
labor ora rapid walk, going too suddenly
from a close, heated room into the cold
air, especially after speaking,and sudden
depressing news operating on the blood.
The causesof sudden death being known
an avoidance of them may servo to
lengthen many valuable lives, which
would otherwise be lost underthe ver
dict of "heart complaint." That disease
is supposed to be inevitable and incur
able; hence ninny may not take the
pains they would to avoid sudden death,
If they know It lay In their power.
Domestic Affairs of the Country
Report of the Late !Secretary of the In•
lierlor.-Nnecess sof the New Indian Pol
icy—The Pacific Railroads—District of
Colombia Ratters --Floggesilons and
Recommendation's.
The annual report of the Secretary of
the Interior, prepared by Secretary Cox,
previous to his retirement, gives a his
tory of the operations of the depart
ment for the past year, and contains a
11111111,er of suggestions. We make the
Pdlowing extracts:
I take pleasure in bearing testimony
to the zeal, fidelity and marked ability
with which the Commissioner has dis
charged his arduous duties. The office
is now in excellent working order. The
examining corps, with very few excep
tions, is composed of rmiu who have
been tested by severe competitive exam
inations, and NVilo have shown peculiar
fitness for the work on which they are
engaged.
The standard for elerieal appoint
ments has been raised, and the efficiiiii
ey of the sery nil, greatly improved.—
Where vacancies occur among the ex
clerks, they are filled by the ap
pointment of such applicants as upon
thorough examination give satisfaetory
evidener of their ability to perform the
labor of second assistant. examiners.
Thai , p4oni, inaugurated With Illy Salle
ion, has had a beneficial influence upon
the persow, lOf the (alley. A spirit of
emulation has been Incite:l, and the oc
cupants of inferior "places are encour
aged in tin. 1,111',11i1 or these special du
ties which will ultimately enable them
to till with credit and efficiency the
highest positions. It has also induced
sense of security as to the tenure of
(heir appointments, and fostered a feel
ing that ability and Gdithint service will
he promptly reiaignizial and justly re
waniPd.
On the ,llhit•l't Or 11111311 airairS the
Sneretary says:
I niring the past year the department
has habitually pursued that policy
whiell was 11141,1111 by your direction.—
The results have proved 1110SL conclu
sively its wisdom, and shown that even
under it noe s of 11101'e 1.1111.11
irritation a I,e;teecul policy appeals
with great power even to the wildest
savage. The labors or the unpaid com
mission of citizen, who 1111Ve been
cu
operating witti the Indian agelleies
1111 V, heell Very Vllllllll,lO liming tile past
year. Theypersonally superintend the
purehase of Indian goods, a work ic
quiring itiore than a nienth of their
thin: ill the early summer. Sub-com
mittees of the body were present :it the
payment or money to the ViViliZed 113-
Lit,ll, in the Indian Territory, arid aided
in the negotiation Which has resulted in
the final settlement of the Osage ditli
oulty, attended the conferences
in this city with the Sioux, and have
since visited them, as well as 1.1111 tvilel
1111,es in NN'yonting and Dakota.
Their Nviirk of ilellectioll 11114 eXiOll,l
- and \Vashinglon llerritory.
They have shrunk from no sel
lice, toil, or danger, in endeavoring to
make the policy you have adopted be
words the I mlimis :in entire success.
healthful effect or their influence
:11111 advice is elteerfelly iiekruN il
dedge
by the department :Ind Indian Lit ream,
and has iuepired a just confident:" in
the honesty or the trniisuetions Vchielt
have been concluded under their
super
vision. The Friends or wiloin agencies
in Northern and Central smairinten
dencies were originally assigned have
most. faithfully :old industriously iain
tinned their beneficient week 111th
It success even greater du e t could hays
been reasonably expected. Since the
passage or the lilt or congress making
it imputetieable to continue military
°dicers ill charge eC l titlian iikencies,
under your directions the field has been
subdivided, and various missielliary as
sociations of the country hav i e been in
vited to occupy the sitlue--rolations to
them as these Witicifilie Friends have
to 1114'elivies 1111,1e4.1 their :,:ittrel. The
objections which Would naturally arise
to then..-operation of the religious bodies
in governmental \\ - rk have been obvi
:a.tal so far ;10 pe,slye by inviting tile
assistance of all misstonary associations
which have taken pail, in the work of
civilizing this Indiansx A preference
or any denominati o n nr hvotbs dills
been avoided, and :11Te11,1y per
formed are utilized to a greater extent
than would otherwise be possible.
\Vhenever a mission school has been
established, it has been understood that
you would appoint au agent in sym
pathy with the mission, so that its in
fluence for good might be increased by
the whole force of government patron
age. If the Indians are to be improved
in condition, our policy roust be essen
tially changed so that provision for
\\ ants or tile maimed and aged 5111111 be
treated merely as a temporary expedi
ent, whilst tile L'ainillg of the children
iu the Way'''. fciwilir.nlion,lllill be 11 COll
- 111111 11e1111:111,111 feature of the
system. On this point I \vitt zold that
the commissioner of education is earn
estly endeavoring 11l pr.. 11 1 . 1. Sti1•11
with regard to the proper ;old
sueeessrui 11111,1 e.. of Indian government
as may enable his bureau to cu-operate
most thoroughly with the Indian 011ie.
The estimated expeiNes of the iwiinit
service for the coming fiscal year, in
cluding appropriation , : whi c h may he
necessary to meet the interest on non
payilig stocks held ill trust,
against an appropriation
040 for the current sea l ', showing a re
duction of
The preliminary report of the ce11141,4
is now printing, and will appear during
the earlier part, of the next session of
Congress, This will necessarily I:ecru:-
fine:l to general statistics, exhihiting
the population by aggregates and by
classes of each weals y in the Unitol
States, fretn I'll to Is7ll,
Over 2,:;09 counties will appear. The
table or small 11111 subdivisions
Vie volumes
containing agricalt ural, mail 11 factoring,
social and miseellaneous statistics will
be ready \ pril. The organization
orthii bureau has aflliriled :in opportu
nity of applying the principle or corn
petnive examination. Those who de
sired C1[11'10:11 employment Nvere sent
liefore a commission, and reimireil to
answer In writing a serios Of written
questions, and were ereilited according
ly. The clerical force employed lilis
been as large it, possible , in the belief
that this statistics furnished by the cen
sus will lose much or their value unless
they are presented to nee country :it as
early a day as possible.
The subscriptions to the , toetc of the
r Ilion Pacific. Railroad Company
amount to or whiell:-....,762,-
21111 has been pabl. 'file nital reeeipts of
the road for the year ettiling, June :to,
Is7ll, were :?s,:t 4.1,:371 110 : expenses,if:,-
:;111,1:7:1 ; net earnings. . - Ft!,:t91,7t 1 7 t;::.
The entire cost or the road at that date
was $108,72'2,13°1 the anmant of indebt
edness of the eompariy,Sl7n,-IsittllN id , of
which $27,23tt,ri1_2 were for United States
A el' :v of the consolidation ar
ticles of the Central Pacific railroad(has
been filed in tllisdepnrl 11, 01, Stock to
the amount of .$44,4111,100 has been sub
scribed, and ~-..14.375,740 paid. The re
ceipts from the transportation of I,:tA-
Seliger, 1111,1 freight for the year ending
.1 line 30, ISTO, were F..ftt,07 . 0,1 ; expenses,
.$3,+:47,717; net carnincs, The
indebtedness of this company amounts
to 51:7,1 1 79,7:10, of which $27,:,:\ I ,000 was
to the United States.
'flue stock sali.cript ion of the Cent raf
Branch of the Union Pacific railw:Q, - is
i,uniyino, of which has been
paid. The expenses on account of road
and fixtures have been $3,723,700. Stock
of the liansas l'acifie railway to the
amount of $5,072,500, has been sub
scribed and paid in. The indebtedness
or the company is ::-115,46:!,350, of which
$6,303,11 lo was to the United States.—
The cost of the construction of 533 miles
of main line is estimated at s26,ooo,itifft
The initial point of the l'acific railroad
is near Springfield, Mo. Fifty miles are
now completed at a cost of $12,760,540.
The company has issued bonds secured
by mortgage on its lands to the amount
of i;f3,0011,000. The amount of stock of
the Sioux City and Pacific railroad al
ready subscribed is $4,470,000 of which
51,788,000 has been paid. The cost of
the road is 54,C44,4311; indebtedness,
$5,044,320. At the close of the last fiscal
year the amount of subscription stock of
Southern Pacific railroad was $1,800,000,
actually paid iu $.280,000. It has con
tracted for the purchase of the San Fran
cisco and Han Jose railroad for the sum
of $2,770,000, gold, payment to be made
and possession to be taken by the 31st of
December next.
The Northern Pacific Railroad tiled
maps designating routes of road. In
structions were thereupon issued for the
withdrawal in. Wisconsin, Minnesota
and Oregon of mid numbered sections of
land, to which price adverse rights had
not attached, within twenty miles, and
In Washington Territory, south of Scat-
LANCASTER, PA., WEDNESDAY MORNING DECEMBER 7 1870
tie, of such sections within forty mile
each side of the road.
The Union Pacific Railroad Company,
southern Branch, now the 3.lissouri,
Kansas and Neoshoe Valley Railroad
Company, and the Leavenworth, Law
rence and Fort Gibson Railroad Com
pany were fully heard in the right of
their respective companies to construct
railroads from the southern boundary of
Kansas through the Indian Territory.
I also considered the objections of rep
resentatives of certain Indian tribes,
through which lands the projected lines
of road would puss. After a most care
ful examination I reached the cone hi
sion that the existing laws and treaties
authorized the construction of one rail
road on certain conditions which neither
company had then performed. On a
subsequent hearing it was shown that
the first-named company had completed
its road to a designated point on that
boundary, and L held that it was entitled
to extend its line through said Terri
tory.
=II
During the last fiscal year st 05.413
acres of Iliadic lands were disposed of as
f011owS: Caeh sales, 2,159,; - ,15..$ ; loca
ted with military warrants, ;
taken for homesteads, :;,(19.5,910.1}5; lo
ealed with college scrip, 192,615:21;
grants to railroads, grants to
wagon roads, 36,625.01 ; approved to
States as swamps, 4N1,t;;;8.31; Indian
erip locations, 115,ti:27.3:1. lion in 429,-
n:5 more acres than disposed of the
The quantity or land
taken under the homestead act was
greater by !4;1,3.1.5 acres than that of the
Preceding year. The area of public lands
undisposed ,if is 1.377,7:11,207.5.1 acres ul
which 1,a7,115,44s are uusurveyed. The
grants for educational purposes since the
bundation of the government :unount
o 78,576,802 acres; for military service=,
3,.163,961 acres.
OEM
During the year ending September
ln, 1,70, 1:t,n2.3 patents, including reis
ties Lind designs, wore issued, and loi
.xtended. On the first day of october,
tigl, the unexpended balance of appro-
Lriations was S.-11 1 1,Sli I 3S.
:eked for the next fiscal year is
ISE=
During the year there were added to
the munher of p.sivacrs of all
.21,66, leaving on the rolls June:lo, IS7o,
The amount paid for pensions
of all classes during the year, including .
the exprmses of disbursement, was i527,-
7su,sll .Sl,beinOti.l2,o7:2 :27 less dem was
paid tar the same purposes during the
previous year. The actual amount saved
by the disallowance of unjust claims
cannot lie accurately estimated but from
other reforms a reduction of $1,360,0,1,1
EIMMEIME=I=I
to pay penHions allowed prior to the
current year, and the amount required
for the nest will less than
that appropriated for the present
year,
=EI
'he report of the uoinnii: , ,ioner ex
its lhe valuable results he has or-
nplislied, notwithstanding the very
iited clorical aiii at his coinniand. 11
that this laireitti, as at present
constituted, bears no just relation to the
vital interest wilt which, to some ex
tent, it is charged. I beg leave to retry
to the opinion:, expressed on this sub
ject in Inv last report, and to invite for
thew early and favontble consideration.
nasty be said to be completed, though Its
grounds should be largely extended to
correspond with itsmajestic proportions.
Arrangements have been made to warm
the rotunda and improve the ventila
tion of the donate chamber. It may
deemed inexpedient to enlarge the area
of the capitol grounds by the purchase
of adjacent private property, but no one
can seriously question the property of
suitably improving those which now be
lom, to the foiled States. 1 submit an
aggr e gate estimate of ,il,o,uou, embracing
sundry items 1i t repairing the capitol
and e,mtinuing the improvement of the
surrounding grounds. This sum is
ouu less than that voted for such purposes
during the present fiscal year.
'l'll 1: I'AVI Nit
in front of this department, luis been
unavoidably deferred. 'The funds on
hand will not cover the cost of complet
ing it. The deficiency was caused by
transferring to the Treasury the unex
pended balance of th,., last year's appro-
'lllation, which was available when I
submitted the last estimate. An appro
priation of will be required to re
place it, and to meet the expense of cer
tain indispensable repairs upon the In
terior Department building.
THE wont:. 4 , N THE CITY HALL
been e01111.11(steil
he appropriations !nude for the pur-
givcs s.tati'ments in refer
irc to A , yltini for the
isnue awl says of
i1.1•:%1 -Tl'i
ill the ('ettlibia
nstittlLion f.r the Duat . and ,thitilh at
ie dale t):' its annual re purl. I Lull of
1(111 NvQrt , in the ,o:legiao! dopartinent,
nil represented 21 States and this I)i,-
yet; pni have received instructions
nee July lst, ISII o, of whom 72 were
niles. Of these, .•.1 completed the course
(study aril received tlisir lirst degree
t the commencement in July last. 'flue
card i•nliniit the e-tintates for thell-ical
ear ending June 30, IST:2, footing tip
S.' 99,240 Tie board have purchased
s 2 acres of .kienthdl Breen property for
5;.55,0110, payalde in four 'veal's, and the
estimate which they submit for
he extension IJi . grminds is to meet the
first installment. They renew the oll'or
to vest in the nited States the title to
all the property of the institution.
prd-oner: , in the otislmly
the warden the District jail. I)ar-
ing the year preceding date I• 261
persmis NVCre \\limn 16'2
were females. 1 alluded in my la,t re-
ii,rt to the suhjeet of a new Distriet jail.
'he present one is a reproach tot he ago
nil to the country is which we live. It
not tit for the con linement of prison
.rs, whether their safe detention if their
lean and moral improvement he eon
kxkt in carping
[do eillmt existing,' legislation, and I
levin it advisable that Congas:: should
tunetel it, that the seleetieu or a
a IIeNV building slmultt it.t he limited
our or the puhlie reservat
if the hisu r ict of Coill übia was opened
Dist Ihiciiinber. to the
lioys hail been receivoil and o
Tiwir From 11 to In
year , , the I.eim4 11
year,. All Imt.. were {mini iu 1,111
triet and. the Wijoining states. 'l'll,,
- .
ioaril give a very lavoralile report at),
ichavinr the boys and their proneititi
oy iti their stuilie.l. 'rile law provides
that six months shall be the shortest
erns votornitinent. 'The board es-
press the opinion that it should not, in
any case, he less than one year, in order
that the reformatory discipline may
have a fair trial. In a viol of the grow
ing numbers in the schools, the hoard
recommends an appropriation 01 :3D),000
for other buildings, as those now (term
pied ;will not furnish accommodation
for additional inmates.
M I:Tot 11.,1,1TA N
The members of the T.‘letropolitan po
lice force were diligently and faithful
in the performance of their duties dur
ing the past year 15,013 arrests were
made, of wtimi 2,6:i7 were females.
detective force made :K2, arrests, and re
covered lost Or stolen property to the
amount of On.
Dogs Socially Considered
" 1 think," says Dr. John Brown, of
Edinburgh, who of all prose writers has
written with the most hearty and de
lightful appreciation of dogs. " 1 think
every family should have a dog. It is
like having a perpetual baby ; it is the
plaything and crony of the whole house ;
it keeps them all young; ho tells no
tales, betrays no secrets, never sulks,
asks no troublesome questions, never
get into debt, never comes down late to
breakfast, is always ready for a bit of
fun, lies in wait for it, and you may, if
choleric, to your belief, kick him instead
of some one else, who would not take it
so meekly; and, moreover, would cer
tainly not, as he does, ask your pardon
for being kicked."
Next to a merry child, we do not know
so good and healthful a companion for
a melancholic man as a dog. He does
not call over the roll of your ails, with
a dolorous intonation, nursing and pet
ting them by recital, nor does he anger
you by combating your splenetic fan
cies. He just ignores them so innocent
ly that you ignore:them too.
The Army
Ileport of General Sherman—The Mill
tnry Dlmelpllne--541ren4tll oral.. Sego
lar Army—The New Turtles.
WAsietNerrox, Nov. as.—The follow
ing la tho full text of the annual report
of the General of the Army, to be sub
mitted to Congress at the approaching
session. It 15 important as showing the
present location of officers and troops,
the strength of the army in officers and
men, the operation of the new law for
the reduell, a of the army, the present
condition or the investigation on the
subject of small arms, and the opinions
and recommendations of General 6lier
man and :Major-General Halleck on the
question, always more or less in doubt,
as to the relation lawfully existing be
tween the military and civil authori
ties:—
THE MILITARX
.1 - IEADqr A RTERH OF"PIi E ARM ,
Wltshington, D. C. Nov. 10,167 d. j
General:—Since m}• annual report of
Nov. 0, Pelf), several changes have oc
curred in the distribution of the army,
incident to the restoration of the zitates
of Virginia, Mississippi and Texas, and
to the gradual reduction of the force.—
The geographical territory of the Uni
ted Mates is now divided into ten de
partments, and these are grouped into
four military divisions.
The :Niiiiiary Division of the East is
r•omtnandeii by Major-General I ',corgi ,
(1. Meade, and is composed of the De
partment of the East, Brigadier Gener
al 1. McDowell; and the Department of
the Lakes, Brigadier Gcnetad I'. St.
leorge Cooke.
TllO Military Division of thu ,~uulh is
0/11111111.1ided by Major General 11. W.
llalleek, and is composed of the De
partment of the South, Brigadier Gen
eral A. H. Terry, and the Department
of Texas. Col. J. J. Reynolds.
The Military Division of the Missouri
is commanded by Lieutenant General I'.
Sherioan and is composed of the
Departnwnt of Dakota, Major General
W. S. Hancock; Department of the
Platte, Brigadier General C. C. Augur;
and the Department of the Missouri,
In . igadier General Pope.
The Military Division of the Parilic
is commanded by Major-Ileneral .lobo
M. Schofield, and is composed of the
Department of the Columbia, Briga
dier-General E. B. S. Canby; the De
partment of California, Brigadier-Gen
eral E. O. Ord ; and the Department
if Arizona, Colonel Geo. Stoneman.
This sub-division of the country is
found to he well adapted to the use of
our military forces in the diversified see
lions aml the interests committed to
their charge, and:the general officers in
command are all well qualified for their
rospeetive duties. I enclose herewith
the annual report of all these command
ers except of Con. Sheridan, who is ab
sent in Europe, awl of Colonel Stone
man, who is itt that remote territory,
Arizona, with which our communica
tion is difficult, and his report has not
yet been received, but will he submit
ted as soon 115 posAble. T. those re
ports f mint icier you for the actual dis
tribution of the troops and the details of
the year's work.
THE Aumr
According to the late,t returns, the
composed of -4ti•Solllcory
:;-1,570 enlisted men. Under the
operation of the act approved July 15th,
1570, the number of officers is rapidly
decren,ing, so that. hy the Ist of Janu
ary it will reach the legal standard,
Of enlisted men the present number
is made up as follows :—Ten regiments
of cavalry, !eex..:; live reginionts of
r,ginients of inl'lditry, 16,-
~;; total troop- of the line, al,l7ti. In
atitlition five companies of
engineer troops, • - ,Iio; lwrinatient recruit
ing parties and recruits, ldai enlisted
men of ordinance, 7or, ; \Vest Point dt , -
tachment, '2lll ; signal detachment,
hospital stewards, ordinance ser
geants, I'21—:'1)1111; making a grand total
34,h70. By the 5111110 Ret this number
must be reduced by the Ist of July, 1571,.
to the limit of xe,ooo. As a matter of
ware, I. desire that the reduction should
fall as lightly to possible ton the troops of
the line, for if the companies of cavalry
ainl infantry, which occupy the remote
posts, are too small, department com
manders will be forced to break up many
of the smaller posts, and lo use two cony
parties where one now suffices. If the non
combatant class he kept to the present
standard of 30:2 men, there will he left
for the line only- •26,3u5, which, divided
up among. the 430 companies which com
pose the present organization, will al
low but Go men to a company. Thu un
iversal experience is, that the constant
Toss i,v death, discharge, desertion, etc.,
especially in the more remote and dam
gerouti;districts, will reduce the actual
number present for duty to about two
thirds of the preserill limit, or will
him,: the e mu pan le, down to about 4e
lo c o, which is too small for efficient ser
vice. I believe that On a fair represen
tation Congress will make direct provis
ion for the eln_nlleeN, nrdllance,
detachment, and hospital SteWardS.
'Phis would malts the limit of ttn,une to
apply only to the troops of the line, and
their necessary recruiting parties.
1tE1,A11 ,, N51.W Fla AND MILITARY
examination of the reports
I ere, lii inclosed I invite your :men
lion to that recommendation General
I lalleck which refers to the use of trJops
in assisting the civilauthorities in main
taining pen.., collecting the revenue,
etc., which has become so common of
late. The duties of the soidiery in this
connection are not prescribed so clearly
by statute that the ,dicers can under
stand their rights and duties, and the
civil agents and authorities often expect
more than can be rightly or lawfully
done. I think the soldiers ought not to
be expected to woke individual arrests,
ur to a py o ort ut violence, except in
their organized capacity as a cow-
Ilnly summoned by the United
States Marshal, and acting in his per
sonal presence. Yet if it is deemed law
ful and proper that the soldiers should
mit, wort. 1.11:11111d , , I cifficlil*Witil (lencr
ul Collgre,s 011:0•I
in clear and distinct terms.
hisciPi.ixii op Tut; Ttio4
During the past year the department
commanders have given great attention
to the instruction and discipline of their
troops, Out as nor foree Lecolnes IeSS and
ics,4 I deem it impel taut that theyshould
receive every encour:nzetnent, for we
know that the volunteers, when called
into at live service, expect to Icarn the
routine of service from the regular army.
In this conneetion, Colonel J. .1. Rey
nolds. in Tears, objects, and with g."l
reason, that he is forced to use his mien
a great portion of time as laborers on
public i•oad+, and at other
work which disqualifies them as sol
diers, beside preventing them front
scouting on the frontier as much as
wouhl otherwise be the ca,e. As a mat
ter of course, soldiers must labor in tak
ing care of thinnselves, and of their ne
cessary supplies, but to build permanent
works or roads, in which they have hut
a partial interest, is a kind of labor that
ought not to be imposed on our reduce , '
establishment. 1 would advise the sec
retary of war to pr,Hcribe Collie plain
rule, drawing a clear dist inet ion between
these two kinds of labor, as!: to publish
it to the army in orders or regulations,
so that it Would enter into the contract
of enlistment, and soldiers would not,
as they frequently do, plead this cause
a , a justification of dessertion. During
the past year the tr u mps have bean well
supplied in all respects, and have been
paid regularly every two months. (._:en.
Augur's recommendation that the troops
be paid at shorter intervals is worthy of
every consideration, for it is known that
pay-day, coming so seldom, is apt to be
considered a sort ut holiday, and not un
frequently results in disorders, such as
recently occurred at Provo City, which
reflect upon the usual good fame of the
army.
SNALL ARNS—Tris NEW TACTICS.
The Board of Officers assembled at
St. Louis, Mo., (by virtue of General
Orders NOS. 0o and 711. of 1501, has re
ported that their labors have been sub-
stantially concluded, and although not
yet in possession of the text, I desire to
express my opinion of the importance
of their work. This board, composed of
officers of great experience, was re
quired to report on the best small arms
and equipments for the army, and also
to prepare a system of tactics for all
arms of service. Their conclusion on
the first branch of the subject has here
tofore been laid before the Secretary of
War, who has ordered a supply of the
arms recommended by the board to be
distributed to the army for further prac
tical tests; but I observe that the Chief
of Ordnance, in his annual report, ad
vises that another 50,000 of the Spring
field musket should be altered ac
cording to the ordnance pattern, the
one now in general use by our infantry.
This would imply a selection of that form
of musket, before the practical tests
already in progress are completed, Tlw
reeom tueu dati o u of the board wasstrung
ly iu favor of the Remington systuni.,
auil I concur with It entirely, and there
fore suggest to the Secretary that lie
await the result of the tests lie ham al
ready ordered before incurring the ex
pense of the alteration of the see.md
.50,000. All officers agree that the pr,s.
ent musket is an adnnrable weapon, but
the breech block Is not suited to a ear
bine, and it is entirely out of the que—
Lion for the pistol, whereas the I felt i
uc
tou system is equally suited to all, eu
that we could have identically the sante
caliber and cartridge for all arms.
matter of infinite importance in notimu,
and especially so for our troops, who
are often detached front their own bag
gage for months, and come in for a r
supply of ammunition at posts where
they often find no cartridges suited to
their special weapons. The Eemingtom
is already adopted by the navy, and 111 is
is an additional reason for its adoption
in the army, fur in combined operations
both arms and ammunition could he mu
tually interchanged.
Prior to our civil war we naturally
looked fur a system of tactics lu the ca
perienec of European armies, and, as
actually oecu red, we had the infantry
tactics of one nation, cavalry of another.
unit artillery of a mixed sort, so that
there was no just harillopy bets rem
them. There is uo good reason wl iy the
same general rules of command and
nuts should not be uniform for all arms
of the service, and this Board has pro
ceeded on this theory. Until the text is
received, pr o perly corrected and ready
for the printer, I shall forbear any com
ments, further than to say that the time
is most opportune for the adopt POI (if an
improved system of tactics fur all arms
of the service, and, before any steps arc
taken for their adoption, I recommend
that some compensation be given to
Cieneral I fur the use that has heeu
made of his system of infantry tactics
that has been heretofore adopted and
used by the infantry.
Lt conclusion, I would mer.ly rcu .v
a former recommendation, that rea5, , ,,,,
We annual appropriations be asked for
barracks, both to replace the unheal Illy
casemates of our sea-coast forts :eel to
shelter from the weather the t e nt whom
the national necessities force its to star
lion in the dreary tind inhospitable
regions of the Interior or the contineu:.
I am, with great respect, your obedi
ent servant.
W. T. SiiEnmAN, (irneml.
(eneral W. W. Bolk nap, Seemary of
War.
AnnuallteportofthePostmasterCeneral
The following synopsis isintains ail the
important matter uCthe annual report et
Postmaster General Croswell, which lie
has furnished to the press of the country
The ordinary revenues attic, departilient
for the fiscal Year eluting June :nth 1 , 71 1 ,
were ;310,772,i20, and the expenditures ei
all kinds t51!:;,9te,,537. Jro the year end: 11
June 30th, Istle, the ertlinary rev putt''.
were $15,31.1,51 0 , :mil the expenditures ttlg.;,-
e 05,131. The increase of revenue for the
year 1.70 over the year 1 , ;11 Was
or 7,7 s per vent. and the increase of expen
ditures $305,700, shoWliez a net increase in
revenue 0f51,127,003. The increase in rev
elate fur the year 1570 over the year lees
was $3,-179,610, and the increase of expemii
tures for 1070 over IsitS was $1,120 ,1 ,244. 'flit'
increase in revenue for Is7o, as compared
with 15119, was loss titan the increase thr
P.P.?, as oimpared with I , IS, lie ;
and the increase in expenditiliZs for IsTe,
compared With 17e41, was less th a n the in
crease istio, coiupured with ls1;s, Its
If, in'millitiou to the ordinary
reVentle , , the dC‘partinent be croliteil wite
E.:700,1100, appropriated for free matter
the amounts drawn and expended for stili
oldies to steamship lines, it will appear
that the deficiency provided entol the gen
eral treasury for the year 1070 is $2,511,11.1,
as against r,14,t 1 1 1 0;2 , 57 far the year Ishii.
The attention of Congress is again varied
to the necessity ar a revision mid ritailju-t
-ment of the rates of ctinipensation esttli
lished by law fur the transliertation of
wails ea railroad reutes. The managers of
railroads insist that the pay awarded them
under the operation of Cite aet .d Marelt,
Isla, is inadequate to the sery We required,
and litany of thorn have roinseid and still
refuse, to enter into 04.1itruct with the le
partment, alleging that they will net land
themselves by a permanent arrangernent
at the present prices. The Postmaster t i en
eral says lie dues nut believe the i•ompoi
sation fixed Ity law is a thir return for the
services rendered by railroad companies.
The amount of lines imposed on COntrae
tAirs and deductions made from their pay
on account of failure awl other delinquen
cies during the past year was
and the amount remitted fur the saint , pe
riod, $g,i,Tr3.2„5, leaving the net aineutit4:7 I ,-
W2l/.07. This shows an increase in the not
ailment of fines and deductiens over the
year 1,69 of $21,379.25, and a decrease in the
amount remissions of $13,197.7-I.
During the past year :1,1171 cases of loss by
mail depredations, of whiell 1574 were of
registered letters, seers reported Co the de
partment, involving losses in bonds, drift
and money to theamotint of 1:1,
considerable portion of which has been re
covered. 'ilia mile her of arrests far v
dons of the postal law was and the
number of convictions of these wile were
lireught to trial 54, the remainder lieing re
leased 011 bail, arquitted or held for trial. -
'the department is constantly availing itsel f
1111111 1.110 1111'1111S Within its reach to
perfect seeurity to the mails, and to I.ling
to justire any of its employres who yield hi
the teinptatien to violato the trust reposod
in them.
'the number of letters, domestic and is,r.
(sign, receiosl at the dead letter mile,'dur
ing the last fisral year sets as 10110WS: 1 1 10 I
'nestle letters, classed as ordinary - ,
drop, 475,30 e; unmailable, :t5.1,10;
_x,410; lictition,, 70,003; registered, ii,lNd; 1
returned front threign countries, ea, hdl ;
total domestie letters, 3,032,045 :
letters, :I:31,415; whole number, .I,lsg,tnil.
The number of money order offices in
operation during the lasi fiscal year N 4 4:11 ,
4,1' schich nine score ostaldished May
2, 1 , 711. (In the Ist iif August, 1070, 3-1, :L.l
- oilier, were created, and four
flees were diseontinued, so that the w 1141 e
number now in operation is ! , u - d,
these 11( 44 .V 4111100 S were I'Slal,ll4-110 . 1 in the
Western States, where the ooze:tan: in
crease of population:lmi material residirees
produces a correspienling demand fa' 1110
:lin/Oka by the money-osier sys
tem for the safe arid expeditious traester
through the mails of small soil, of nn diey.
Mr. Creswell gives a long review o f Chit
foreign mail service during the year, lit
this ianinection he remarks:
.I. respectfully rune,. the reeemiliendati
made in my last 1./Teri. Uo . an 1114,01,4 4 4,1
mail service' f ro m monthly to simidinentli
by trips on the mail steamship route front
Suit Francisco to Japan and China.
The reeionineinlatiens made in iris report
iftatyear relative to the necessity Of ' , Milli
leiii,41111(14411 CO em•ouraire the re-establish
iniffit of American lines or tran,aLlinili.•
,410:1111-11iliS Gtr the transisirtation of our
mails to Europe are rospectfully
Since the lot of January, P-70, all direct
postal intercourse with France has been
suspended, in 1011,0 4 1110111 1 0 of lire ;three,-
thin of the postal ronvention with that coun
try, and no progress has sine() been made
in the ciegidiutions for a new convention.
It is hoped, however, that a satisfaetery: ar
rangement may be agreed upon with the
government of France when peace shall be
re-established within her borders.
)1 r. Creswell refers to the wenderfelly
rapid expansion of the postal sy-itent as
strikingly displaying the wonderful growth
of the United ,States in population told
WOllll.ll. Anlwig ether illustrations of this
kiad he refers to the fact that during, the
first year of President Washington's ad
ministration the litundor of letters 1.1 . ,111S-
Mittel' in the :nails did not probably ttx -
coed 300,000; the annual transportatiiin was
about 330,uu0 miles. During the first year
of the present administration the number
of letters carried in the mails eoulti not have
been less than 590,000,1.00, to say nothing of
the immense arnOUntOf printed matter, and
the aggregate of distanees traveled amount
ed to 97,02-1,991 miles. These comparisons
are sufficient to exhibit the great ad ranee
which the United Sites have trade in the
short space of eighty years. The results are
so astounding that it seem impossible even
atl this day to predict the development Co
which our country will attain by the close
of the current century, of which only thirty
years remain.
Mr. Cresswell again renews his reeoni
mendation to abolish the franking privi
lege. On this subject he remarks: "I run
thoroughly satisfied that if the franking
privilege were repealed, and all matter
passing through the mails charged with its
fair share ofpostag,e,the department would,
in a short time, become self-sustaining.—
This assertion, when made heretoftire, way
warmly denied, and nothing was left but a
resort to demonstration by figures. The
deficiency for the last year has been re
duced to $2„514,110. Accurate accounts of
the cost of free matter dispatched through
the mails were ordered to be kept by all
postmasters, for six 11101101 s, be•giuning Ist
January and ending 30th J unela.st, anti the
returns which have been received aro now
being arranged and tabulated for submis
sion to Congress.
regret that owing to numerous i imeurate
and incomplete returns, and the failure of
many postmasters to make any report, it
has been itnpossible, with the limited num
ber of clerks employed in the department,
to present the results in detail with this re
port. Enough is known, however, to ena
ble those who aro most familiar with the
work to express the opinion that the aetual
returns will show the aggregate cost of free
matter for the your to be fully equal to the
above mentioned deliviency. The term
I during' which account. , malt kept wan OM
tea La the first half of the year, whon GP(
eicetiiins were held, and when Only RSVhill
portion Or the publleadoeuments are trans
mitted. Should tho amount of franked
natter Le accurately ascertained during a
presidential can ya , s, and F+ n ij ected to the
poataoe charged upon other like matter bent
by private individuals, I tun cony invoil that
; tho average to,,t per annum would be great
ly enhanced.
" My anxiety to make the doparttnent
self-sustainiug arises from a strong desire
to reduce, eoudlizo and make uniform the
rants sf postage. During the year 1070 the
I amount derived from letter postage was
016,771,9,10, and the amount from newspa
pers tuoldrimphlets was only $934,332, and
yet the weight and bulk of newspaper malls
are at least nine or ton times greater than
those of letter' mails. This shows that
while newspapers are charged much less
than the cost of their manipulation and
trtinstnission, letters are charged mut+
atta that the postage on letters should
in ntirto,s be red need ;us snort as the Mim
e, of the department will permit. If let
ter postage could be reduced front three to
two eruts, I ant sure that the increased cor
respondence thereby stimulated would in
a row yearn conlpen , ate Fir any temporary
loss of revenue, and that many mistakes
awl vexatious delays would he avoided by
the uniform rate fur all distances ,which
would thus he eStablislwd. I despair, how
ever, of seeming any further reduction of
letter postage us hung as the franking privi
lege shall Ito permitted to impose upon the
di•pirtment an irremediablo deficiency.
" It is not intended to intimate that there
should be tin increase of postage on news
papers. Ou the isettrary, it is the duty of
eon o: nmelii, s part 4 , 1' its work of bench
1.. aid Its the education and elevation
or the people by carrying newspapers us
.•I t eiply as possible; and hence I am of
opinion that the present raten are not inn
lose. Nor I object to the free transpor
t.ail.tll of liettspaperii to regular subscribers
in the counties of their publication, ns now
:utbnriznd by inn. 'their 0011Veynnee
without charge does not interfere with the
speedy tool regular transmission or the
until.. They are usually despatched tante
country towns, and always step Within the
boundaries of their own (annuli,. They
are so evenly distributed titer the Whole
eonittry that practically they cause nn hl
ociiiVeniellee, or or delay. There is
but ono ,•Itange that 1 deem desirable ill
the tr,dmeni of newspapers, and that :m
-idi., only te those sent hi points outside
the ...intuit, of their publieation I would
anon ire the postage on printed nuttier in all
c a., bu be pre paid by stamps. The law
alloy itn; :be to he Nei in money
by subscribers at the odlee of delivery is a
departure front the tweepted theory of post.-
..nice management., m i d sujeets the depart
tient to heavy
row .y-tent of "eorrespondence,"
or " post curds," lately adopted by North
(hedinitiv and by Ifrellt Ilribtin for facilita
ting letter corre , ponileina', :Ind already ex
tensively used in thosecomitries, is strong
ly urged for adoption in the United Status.
Mr. Creswell. rulers to the unavoidable
ac,•nnollation of copper Illekol coins
in the post-otlioes of the country, and as
remedy he reemilmends the onitetnient of
a law :nithoriAing postmasters to transmit
their surpl es copper and nil del coins, in
',Jr:is of $. - .11:Ind upwards, to the 'freasurer
till) I', S., or to the nearest .Assistant
Depository 'e l the publie mo
ney-, and to Mite credit therefor for ate
count of the l'ost-olliee Department, the
It, Ito borne out of
the genenil trca.sury.
In conclo-ion. Mr. Crostrell says: "It
xiycs tile pleasure to commend the efficient
labors of my assistants and herds Or
I ast year they have do
t onsi themselves with I,ereming fidelity
and energy to tho arduous duties of their
several positions. I. acknowledge their
scrviocs with thankfulness, and as it mutter
011 u-dice I renew' my urgent recommenda
tion for an inerease of their compensation-
In inv' judgment the three assistant Itest•
niastcr-general, 010
money-order test'
tem, should each receivo an annual salary
I of ::"ettoo."
Intern:! Revenue Commlsßlnner'A Re
The lost act of Mr. Delano as
ininiksioner of Internal Revenue Wile the
Of hie :tumult report. As it is of
uu usuid :it this time much
dectee,l to it. The following ab
stract eoe 10)ns all th.. intpOrtant features of
the spurt, except the table, which =mot
lie
TicrAswitic DEeaturmENT, )
11:10 op INTERNAL REVENUE,
11 ., LIhms/(op, Ocloher al, .IS7O.
u: I have the honor to transmit here-
with the tabular statements made up from 1 1
the a,ollids of this otlico which the Score
tart' of the Treasury is regal roil to lay be
floniress, crh, ta),h,t here presented
show the receipts from each specific source
of rovendo for the tiseal year finding June
la, 1 , 70, tho stamp aceount reccipLs from
the several States and Territories, aggre
gate receipts from each collection district
Git each year from left to Ih7o, collections
ft, ill each specille soiree Of revenue for
rho same time, ratio of receipts, and ab
stract of District Attorney's reports of
suits. The tables exhibit the full result of
th, , ,,peratihusiot . this burette from it, Or
to the 111,4011 t time.)
'flue estimate, submitted in lily animal
report for 1,0/, inf the probable receipt,
from internal FOV,IIII , sources, ONl`lll,iVti
of the direct tax. upon lands and the duty
upon the circulation and deposits or ma,
Uounl banks for rho fiscal year 1070, has
1.,11 more than realized. That estiniate
%yr! , awl the aggregate receipts
1111,1., the then existing haws aro shown to
aneseoss tif;310,237i,576.97.
I this flattreiZaill
o'ili,i[••• tln , 11[1, 1 - C1'1111(11Si for taxes illegal
ly aSsosSett [lll[l 1,0110[1,4i, [l.lllol.llltillg til
[...41116,5([....51, as WV) I as the amount of cotn
niissions
of Drawbacks have
only boon allowed on general merchandise
under section 171, act of ./ tine :SO, 1801,
limitc4L by the :nit of March ii,
and patent medicines, amounting, to
The aniiiiint allowed fur Cho smile
Mr 1 , 4 . 6 was $377;111.31, Thu iirawbaelc (Jll
ruin and alcohol is not considered in this
litireati. The total receipts for the fiscal
year 1 , 70 art $155,2:tri, , e7.97, 'fin) total re
ceipts for the fiscal year jACP were $160,039,
slanting a net gain of
fin' is a comparative state
ment et the sources of ro,:tinua : Spirits,
II : i: , 7,920,1)111).:;1. ; for
; datil:s and
kin gr.iss
sa l, ~, 6 .11:]:,:1.1P ; special taxes OW
•wwllcre t•illillierated), jS II I, 51 1 5 . 5 t 1 ; ill
1110 iinrluding to,),
Knorn,sins,*22o,4Sll.
:Lrlinlns in schndnle A, i521,5ti1,36 ; puss
=E==2=M
•I I ;lot entmleral.,;(l
decri.l,o, 11011.titio;+,
;tdll.-it, stamp:, 171ere1t5t.,t , 123,:13:105; Lila
invt,aso, decrease, I.
7...Frnw ono of We rabies iL ;ir;i.ears tha
IlaS 110,1 11 C , Iltilll1(111ti OH
rr,,ipt4 it at uxui , u tax from .Inne:10,
to .1111i1A a. 1 , 70. aggrevating
unit averaging fur each month $2,0:0,710.30.
i , m. In , urrnonntnblo difficulty in
in!,n•inq aor curia law 4, and a propur
aril to tile illa!iii(•:lti 4, llSl of revenun ott
vrs fnr :Id integrity is what i
to ~(•111, the prompt an
,rtaill COIII,O O II of internal taxes. Ph
inploymem of spies and informers ;tud
nr,ieLle,, it they wore
'N't r it-eMI, are, in my nn 1011',71`r
‘..ee..ary. I think thy r.VI•11110 e,ervim
want , ' Lip Unprorod by li,ontholino; sue
aids. The officers now tortnod doh.etiv
should he discontinued in the sorvieo nr
dor ldlo deshrodtion ul zeisishult super,:
Spirit i.—The number of oth
er than fruit, registered during the last
year, is 77 , 1; number mf fruit distilleries
registered, I,lffff ; total, 2, , .itt0. The spirit.
p,..llleing ioipaeity of the registered distil
leries fur each twenty-is.' hours, as ascer
tained he surveys, follows; From
grain, 7ri1,377 gallons; from molresses,
eift ; from fruit, 126;271; totsil daily spirit
producing capacity, id0,.551. It will be seen
that if the distilleries other than fruit were
operated to the full extent of their capacity •
for a period of ton Itionthe throughout the
diatllling soneon in each year they are ea
',able of pro. lueing ti13,91.2,50n gallons. This
quantity, however, is largely in execas of
our consumption, which is estimated at
from 7:,, ,, 00,000 tee sii 3 Ooo,ooo of gallons. The
best information whieh this Mike has been
aideto proenro nil this subject minces the
belief that all distilleries other than fruit,
aro operated for about six months only,
and for that period they are not run to the
full extent ui their producing capacity.—
The returns to this office for the last timeal
year show a total prod uction, in taxable
gallons, from material other than fruit, of
71,337,10.1; from fruit, 9'..t8,'.2.54; from fruit
not vet roturned, but estimated, 150,000;
toner yearly production, 72,425,351 gallons.
The quantity aspirin! in bond July Ist,
1560, was 10,0,05,100 gallons ; remaining in
bond June :30, 1070, 11,002,400 gallons—
Judging from the information In posses
sion of this otiice, there Is 110 reason for be
lieving that there wull be any material
falling off in the production of spirits dur
ing the current fiscal year. The plan of
surveying distilleries on the basis of forty
eight hour fermenting period for sweet
mash, to which attention was called In my
last annual report, has been fully carried
out, and the results aro highly satisfactory
and advantageous to the Government. Tho
tests instituted regardin g spi ri Wind ers have
not yet been completed, and will bo made
the subject of a special communication to
Congress hereafter.
The Present Law as to Spirits.—The ex
perience of the past year has served to
strengthen my previous opinion as to the
impolicy of changing the law taxing spir
its, and induces me to repeat the reccom
mendation in my last report that the rate
of tax and the manlier of its collection be
loft as they are now provided for. The re
ceipts from this source for 1070 aress,r,st,..
500.18, already within $4,500,04 . 0) of my es-
NUMBER i 9
tlinate. Time and experience skein to ,lo-
elute it to bo unwise anti inexpedient en
(quango the law in any essential feature.
'robaego.—The receipts for the hod liseal
year front tobacco are esi I .3 ,- i0.70 ,, d , 0. N, tv
the preceding year then wore;- 1,1
showing an increase ii? :17,ni..:0,0eit,:11. This
increase of nearly eiS,outi,iiiio hits not liven
spasmodic:, but a regular monthly increase
averaging over $O,lOO per mouth. It is to
lie observed that the late crop of toleuico
was an inferior one, owing to it general
dronth in litany of the toliaiiisi-i:r001 mg
Notwithstand i dig this ta,oraliiii
exhibit I desire to direct attention
lazily In some defects In the proviimitis :Ind
operations of the law taxing this
Commissioner lailano then midst, a 6;0'1-
oral slattitnent of tho inn,ualities of the
present Ins ; gives arguments at 0111111
length its roforeuce thereto, mill his reasons
for the result his investigations have reach
ed, and says: of am catisfiod that there is
but otie remedy for the Frauds perpetrat e d
tinder this head, 1111 d Eliot IS to till/lie the lax
on all IleSeriptiOllS of I li 1,t01.a . 1 , ,
Tess 111SilUality receded then exist ender a
tax of thirty-txvo vents iiiir pound than tin
der the presellt. rates. 'rhos , Nevins to lie
1111 good fellSoll why there should I'' Uvo
lliffertalt rates Of taxation oar ar I
°Mall price and value, simply because fur
is 11/10i1 for smoking and the tither Lie
chcw
ing. not rovers, , rule, .111 , 1
the larger tax upon srnokim;
tho lesser upon chewing?" 'l'll° I is-
I shiner SCOIIIS to bo in cilium ri•gaiddig the
intention of the law iii t, the
third c-t tan rents per rialto' lax en toi
litailo by hand. /to says: - If it wast the
intention to Lax all toliacia., ,ten raw
if sold fir inimialiaiii con"iiiiiptidn, I
would recommend that the laic la , butch su
explicit SR to remove all diallitson thesnL
je+.•t; but if, under no Cirt'11111.1.1:. , I:IX
is hr he assessed np,,n raw ..r
even when sold dimity to coil "tuners, then
would recommend that 311 1,1.11 Ittelii
lhu specitio tax en ails id. di.
111 , 011 the 111./1101' as a Speei il lax, why art i
he sells directly to is also 111et , ,111011 1 11 oelk!
reel,llllllolld 111111 1111 eel 111,11,11.
spocitiu tat WI the produot, lie I II ell
UP , dealer. Its a Speeial I,IX, 11 idle, id lie
Stint directly to consumers. -
The law authoru.es Slit, 'oininiss,nor of
Internal I:evoniio to design.tt.• ;o I o-t. 5.1.-
. lish, at any IS of entry in the t i nned
States, bounded warehouses for the sic
tobacco mid swill in bowl intended hir
exportation at the same tine , 0
the V(.1100:01' in charge nil' such
pt)rLA tAt i,1511011 permit for till, withdraw,'
of such toliaiico and slniti for vonsumptLon
after the tax tutu been pill Lhore. , .. I
taping 'barge of this "nice I Gatiol t! rd
there had been established In' Illy prod,-
COSSOIi, lilll1111• like:Via
export bonihal warehouses for 111,.
of toliaero and snuti Interided for '\ ;tort,
Viz., 0110 at Boston, Il emit NOW furls. liiur
at l'iiilialtilphia, three at Bid:Amin c, one
Itichniond, one at Now I ;mil cue
at San prat:eh:is, Repeated applientions
have been muds within the last eighteen
months fur additional ‘valieleimais, which
1 hate denied, thi•
ready eAtahlisheil tiler. , than iieconirionliue
the export, trade. The quantity of
stored ill Ole SeVel'ill esl sir; h... led sl•un -
Iliillses n 111 1 .11114 the li.cul year I 11 , 1111.1 11111 ,
:SO, 100, Willi ; ivithileaw 11
for exportation, 3,211,,e97 'Pounds : with
drawn upon igtyinent ,0" lax, 1M ,, ;,.;r;
pountila. This shows that ahotit t svii
fifths cif the goolls are l•X -
ported. Nitarly all Id llleSe url ti,p,rt..ll
front Nely York iloston• It es a del
1.1101 0
lid.
..41 irell
iu these NVIIr011011 , (iS sour ',Howled for
exportation. The goods themselves are un
suited for foreign 11IllrkelS, Wel are 'hippo,'
by the manufacturer In lend, :mil, xenon
storeil, aro consigned to WlleleSillil
111111 jiiliberS, tile,, 140curiliu to lilt , lan,
advantage of placing the goods upon the
market without the Ow tax,
as the law requires in ell ~tiler I'-
fore the removal of ;20.1, train the •
theturur. By shipping thew goods
the dellieliS and 41cIscrs reeeive till all aver
age front four to five months' credit,
and that this pri'vilicgo ran only be eicicc)
by clusters and jobbers in seaport
where, by law, these Waritholl.fitit
Drize , l to be established, it ewers an ine
quality in the trade, and iv the sod,e id
much complaint. To remedy this, :mil c,cr
rent the evils of this system, I wmdd rec
ommend that the law he so amended a
to allow no goods entered tCcr export in
bonded warehouses to be cc it lelrawn c0 . ,-
from for ettllollllll/tioth upon payment of
tax, until twelve months Irian rho time
they were SO belated, By 11111111114 tho
Lillie for withdrawal, no goods will lie mi
tered except such as are artilaily i,tendc cl
for export, and the privilago of -
ing for consumption alter twelve !omit' ,
will relieve parties who, having entered
goods or export, fail allicrwi,l to export
tiles:Erne. Should it be deemed inexpedient
to limit the time before which permits fit
We withdrawal of goods on the payment of
tax are not to be issued by the is/dice:or,
then I would suggest that further authority
be given to the commissioner to establish
bonded warehouses at other places than at
ports of entry, giving such lacilitied for
bonding :Ind equal time before payment, of
taxes to wholesale tlealers runt joldsss in
ill manufactured hiked, in oast, lathe
cities as are now enjoyol I,v there
business in the cities mentioned, where on cc
port bonded warehouses :In' itaatoti.
Act of July Id 1 , 7 e- cleent it my
to call the attention of Congress thr , ll,,il
3,,1 o, eertain rtelects, amicignities and
ismtradictions, wide!! in the hurry
lation, incidental to the closing lad , s id a
season, appear in the act of July I I, I - 70.
It is believed to have heel, the ithelitioll to
retail , all the taxes inip , ed upo,u the colon
et distilled spirit , ,Sie. :Old With ittitell-t,
by the art of Juiv 20, Is! , , and cloi, lel, lel
rthiry thereof. •”t' the
17, 1 , 70, nevertheless repeals the ta • upon
sales of malt liquoi•s. It was evidently tic
purpose Of neetiOn 5 to empower ettilecto,
to remit at any time prior to A evist I, 1 - 72,
all peindlies tar issuing
Stallthed allies, We olli ititsit
with fraodoh.ot ; but,
charge made in the bill ns reported by thi
Senate Finance Committee, the letter flie
taw is mall as to postpone
1 , 71, the relief whirl! way designed to li ,
immediate. Seetion 17 provides "Lisa
sections 120, 121 ;tint 122 of the ae
of July 3(), Inn,cis amended, ccdic',
bu eollstrlitatsi to illgtose the tax , - there
in mentioned to Augost I, 1 , 70, Mid not
huger." Suction 12 provides "that theta
shall he levied and ,•11.,,Lt ti, boy I:1.
ing the yitillr a la per ,s , ntiini or
eonpons paid err brook or other eVitielleit , tt
dela,issuud anti payathe ill Mitt or hetn
years cater date, by ally of rhe cod jot AI it tit
in this sectic on hereithther litelitiolleti, Ole
the amount of all dividends of earnilin'•
come or gains hereinafter cit,•1:11 . 1,1 by an'
bask, trust ellllll.llly, tiset
I,llthally, ratth Pad company
canal company, turnpike ccompany. calla
navigation company, and slack, dicer 'duo
pally, whenever and sheers er the -duo
shall be paynhlr, Mel In Wilattil!,Ver
the `,11,0 may tondire, including. nen
dents, whether citizens or aliens. - II
iittlieVed to hays heel. the Illtethioll It. tit tit
time the tics per cent. tax until A d_fd.d !
1 , 170, ;Old to sthiStitilitt a tics two and
half per rent. tigcrefor on :ern after tic.
date; but owing tA, the peculiar
or the statute no, Lax caw win Wel
from mpons fallitez duo diiriniz th
Last live calendar months of Is7u. Accord,
ing to a recent decision of the eirenitc-eit
in the Static of Penns . % Ica, LI, Ile
he Withheld from divi.l4ll•io, ei 01 pens t
interest payable during the mkt ,cicc .
months of 1 , 7 u, and eicrpoll'aLllin,
required to pay any taxes upon the tilt:
(lends payable during the reiriainicig !is
months. The right to withhold or tax
the salaries Of persons ill the el, ii, !Oita:try
naval serviovs of the I 'llited States 11 r
ing thin first seven months of 1 , 7 , 1 turns
also upon points involved in the east
!alcove named, The amount of tux
racily involved in this 911,11,11 is Vel'y
little less than I.9l,ocic,occe. It isuit such illl
rairtallee that 1 II: LS, out tclt at t
acquiesce in the decision of the ecriaiii
court until it shall trace Leon by
the court of htst resort. Steps locc,
taken, therefore, to have the opinion of chic
supreme court of the United State, le e
-1101/Ileed lip. hie. T 10141,1,1 ill issue.
Herein I 1101,111 it proper to state that as
early as January -I, 1,70, I ,t 14,1 the mO,-
0011 Congress, through nEs ilititttpri:lto
committee, to the the law
then in force and the thilicultlei likely di
aria° in the COLletaloll Of these taxes, :eel
asked for legislation upon the subject
This request was repeated Februarys, April
7 and '25, and Slay 2.1; following, ani I
repeated orally, and in person at monorail
other times. The legiSiatitill scar tiuullc
enacted July 11, but has been declared Inc
the eircuilcourt, of Pennsylvania to hays
heel too late to serve the purpose desire!!
It is provided in section 15 that "Whelk any
dividend is made or Interest is paid which
includes any part of the surplus or contin
gent fund of any corporation which hate
been assessed and the tax paid thereon, of
. which includes any part of the dividends.
' in [crests or coupons received from olio,
corporations whose officers :no authorizer
by law to withhold a per rent. on the name,
the amount of tax so paid on that portica,
or contingent fund, and the amount of lac,
which has been withheld and paid on air,
!lends, interests or coupons Fin received
may bo deducted front the tax on such div
idend or interest. "
Owing to a change 111 the rale of taxation
from 5 per cent. to 21 per cont., taxes no ,
p0r12, , paid upon surplus prior to August
may 11UN, be again. appropriated to the pay
meut of taxes upon earning's since that date
so:that In some cases these later earning
esmpe taxation entirely. It woula have
resulted differently if the law had provided
for a deduction of taxed suzplus front divi
dends instead of a reduction of tax from
tar. _ .
Pubhe resolution No. 75, approved July
13,1870, relieved inanrance companies front
certain taxes, but an act pas Bed the next
day restored there in language so plain
in my judgment to operate Its a repeal of
the resolution. The repeal of the tax upon
ID=
117 - IINFSM ADVERTIH
iirva 11l 1011 11 not+ 443
tonal' ftqueycl. , XIII
RE.r. ESTATT: ADV
110 IlYnt, ieul 5 cents
WIZITA T. ADr LILT rt ,
and I n Ll 4 to
1,1011.
STRCTAL NOTTCPS It
15 owl W imr
SPECIAL NOTIPPS p
deAllls, 111 v011t.4
and 5 ow!n fur ever
I LEGAL. AND GTIT :I,
Executors' not Ice
AdmlntOrMore n
A ,, hznees' nolloce:
Auditor.'
I tlln•r"\other,"l
three times
to ti;
raft, I all k olloek2+,
10110 y ut, duiwrai,
rhrrl It'
iv I
V.111111.1'. '1 . 1114 Ivor
hkrly I.)
t ts.t
moat of tho
kes ..11(a•L .ly I,
, y DI al
tai •Ih , svino.alo
i . ‘kaaaa.•
ty spectlti
tore •Itall ito 31.1.11 ti,
11rjuct. So ittr n., t
J 11, 1: , 70.
Tho aeia,as moot
, ol.lii pat t
.t rues
Lou
1.. D. Tho
, art , lnitistard. ,
•,,,111N.1,111 ,,
I e.niLl roc
~1,.
Slat, anti
lumhin tiwzlit pay it
thou
1,1 law all St.itt
tilt. 01,trici
;..
1.1.1110. N.. 5%
Itt
NV.
.\I
:\ t•hr.i
k..la :11Iti I II.•
V..rls, N 1,,,n;
I , lla,varo, Ct.lound , • •
,lIL.
xi, ill
tri liii•
.vuv.lld . 1 . 01111.. ,,. 111
1111 p:tyt,111 , ,11.1,1•
~.1111.“1. ‘ ,111.11 t‘oi• I
Lt Ihr t:l7,
lug 111,11)1,1.11led,:
United .CI alt-.
%;tlll, II at 'I
ritytiwrit nl' II
rlrcuu S1:111,
111, Spon.lar, ..t
U , 111.1111141 ill .\
ILO.'
Py hy IL
Iv Jac.
intinl
I
•ti,” f,f th ,
iticd
2, .-11.01U1 11 ,
ir mi. ,
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