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SQIIAZE.
ibettp.
IN SCHOOL DATIL
Still site the school-Louse by the road
A. ragged beggar sunning;
Around Itstill the sumacs grow,
And blackberry vines are running.
Within the master's desk Is seen,
Deep-scarred by raps official;
The warping floor, the battered seats
Thejack-knive's carved initial;
The charcoal frescoes on its wall;
Its door's worn sill betraying
The feet that, creeping slow to school
Went storming out to playing I
Long yeara ago a winter gun
Shone over - it at setting;
Lit up its western window panes,
And low eaves' ley fretting,
It touched the tan,„"led golden curls,
And brown eyes full of grieving,
Or one who lain her steps delayed
When all the school were leaving
For near her stood the little boy,
Her childish favor singled;
'MIS cap pulled low upon a taco
Where pride and shame wore mingled
lie saw her lift. Mr eyes; he felt,
The soft hand's light caressing.
, And heard the tremble of her voice
As if a fault confessing.
"I'moorry that I open that wool
I hate to go oboe', you,
Because"—the brown eyes lower fell—
" Bemuse, you see, I love you :"
Still memory to 6gray-halred man
That sweet child-face is showing,
Dear girl the grasses on her grave
Have forty years been growing !
Ile lives to learn, In life's hard school,
How few who pass above him
Lament their triumphs and his loss.
Like her—because they love him.
ftliscellantous.
Mark Twain
He Weibel , . About Chinamen and Deem,-
From the Buffalo Express
One of California's euriosities,the peo
ple in the States will some day become
familiar with through the Pacific Rail
road. I mean the Chinamen. Califor
nia contains 70,000 of them, and every
ship brings more. There is a Chinese
quarter In every city and village in Cal
ifornia and Nevada, for Boards of Al
dermen will not allow them to live all
around town, just wherever they choose
to locate. This is not a hardship, for
they prefer to herd together.
Ml=
They are a people who fondly stick to
their ancient customs. They dress in the
quaint costumes dad rancestors wore five
hundred years ago. They build temples,
gaudy with gliding and hideous with
staring Idols, and there they worship
after the fashion of their fathers, A
strict record Is kept by their chiefs of
the name and residence of every China- ,
man, and when he dies his body is sent
back to China for burial, for they can
never get to their heaven unless they
start from China. And besides, China
men worship their ancestors, and they
all want their share of worship after
they are done with this world. Even
when the Chinese Government sells a
'Ship load of degraded and criminal
coolies to a Cuban or Sandwich Island
planter, it is strictly stipulated that the
body of every one of them must be sent
back to China after death.
The Chinamen hieing smart, shrewd ,
people, take to some few of our com
mercial customs and virtues, but some
how we can't make great headway in
the matter of civilizing them. We can
teach' them to gamble a little, but some
how we can't make them get drunk. It
is discouraging—because you can't re
generate a being that won't get drunk.
The Chinaman is the most frugal, in
dustrious, and thrifty of all creatures.
No matter how slender are the wages
you pay him, he will manage to lay up
money. And Chinamen are the most
gifted gardeners in the world. Give one
of them a sand-bank that wuuld not sup
port a lizard, and lie will make it yield
generous crops of vegetables. The
Chinaman wastes nothing. Everything
has a value in his eyes, Ile gathers up
all the castaway rags, and hones and
bits of glass, and makes marketable ar
ticles of them. And he picks up all the
old fruit-cans you throw away and melts
them up to get the tin and solder.
When a white man discards a gold
placer as no longer worth anything, the
patient Chinaman, always satisfied with
small profits, and never in a hurry to
get rich, takes possession and works it
contentedly for years.
The Chinaman makes a good molt, a
good washerwoman, a good chamber
maid, a goad gardener, a good banker's
clerk, a good miner, a good railroad
laborer, a good anything you choose to
put him at; fur these people are all edu
cated ; they are all good accountants ;
they arc very quiet and peaceable ,• they
never disturb themselves about polities,
they are so tractable, quick, smart, and
naturally handy and ingenious, that
you can teach them anything; they
have no jealousies; they never lose a
moment, never require watching to keep
them at work; they are gifted with a
world of patience, endurance and con
tentment. They are the best laboring
class America has ever seen—and they
do not care a cent who is President.
They are miserably abused by the laws
of California, but that sort of thing will
cease some day. It was found just about
impossible to build the California end
of the Pacific Railroad with white men at
$3 per day and take care of all the broils
and fights and strikes ; but they put on
Chinamen at $1 a day and "find" them
selves and they built it without tights
or strikes or anything, and saved the
bulk of their wages!too. Yon will have
these long-tall toilers among you in
" the States " some day, but you will
find them right easy to get along with—
and you will like them too, because they
will stand a heap of abuse. You will
find them ever so convenient, because
when you get niad you can snatch a
club and go out and take satisfaction out
of a Chinaman. The native American
negro is getting so insolent, now, that
the patriot from Ireland cannot take a
little recreation out of him without get
ting into trouble. So the Chinaman
will afford a needed relief.
As evidence that Chinamen are sails-
fled with small gains, I will remark
that they drill five holes into the edge
of gold coins—drill clear through from
edge to edge—and save the gold thus
bored out, and fill up the hole with some
sort of metalic composition that does
not spoil the ring of the coin. Their
counterfeiters put nine parts good metal
and only one part base metal in their
bogus coins—and so it is very lucrative
in the long run, and the next thing to
impossible to detect the cheat. It is
only greedy bungling Christian counter
feiters that blunder oto trouble, ey try
ing to swindle their fellow creatures too
heavily.
I=l
Another curious feature about Califor
nia life was the breed of desperadoes she
reared and fostered on her soil, and af
terward distributed over adjacent Terri
tories through her Vigilance Commit
tees when she had had enough of their
exploits. These men went armed to the
teeth with monstrous revolvers, and
preyed upon each other. Their slight
est misunderstandings were settled on
the spot by the bullet ,• but they very
rarely molested peaceable citizens. They
robbed and gambled and killed people
for three or tour years, and then "died
with their boots on," as they phrased
it; that is, they were killed themselves,
almost invariably, and they never ex
pected any other fate, and were very
seldom disappointed.
Sam Brown, Of Nevada, killed six
teen men in his time, and was journey
ing towards Esmeralda to kill a seven
teenth, who had stopped the breath of a
friend of his,when warty of law-abiding
citizens waylaid lum and slaughtered I
him with shot guns. Mourners were
exceedingly scarce at his funeral. it is
said that Sam Brown called for a drink
at the, bar of the Slaughter House in
Carson City one morning (a saloon so
nicknamed because so many men had
been tilled in it), and invited estranger
up to drink with him. The stranger
said he never drank, and wished to be
excused. By the custom of the country
that was a deadly insult, and so Brown
very properly shot him down.. He left
him.lying there and went away, warn
ing everybody to let the body alone,
because it was his meat, he said. And
it 115 said also that he came back after a
while and made a coffin, and buried the
main himself—though I never could
quite believe that—without assistance.
Virginia
kinrp C.4 . was full Otdesperadoes,
ti,soe,of the pleasantest newspaper
reportLug:l evezdid was hi those days,
-became" reported the inquests on the
lentdre, lot of them, nearly, .We had a
;fresh one pretty much every morning.
Towards the last it was 'melancholy to
see how the material was running short.
Those were halcyon days. I don't know
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VOLUME 71
what halcyon days are, but that is the
proper expression to use in this connec
tion, I believe.
JACK WILLIAMS.
Jack WiMattis was one of the luckiest
of the Virginia City desperadoes.. He
killed a good many men. He was a
kind-hearted man, and gave all his cus
tom to a poor undertaker who was trying
to get along. But by-and-by somebody
poked a double-barrelled shot gun
through a crack while Williams was sit
ting at breakfast, and riddled him at
such a rate that there washarclly enough
of him left to hold en inquest on—and
then the poor - unfortunate undertaker's
best friend was gone, and he had to take
in his sign. Thus he was stricken in
the midst of his prosperity and his hap
piness, for he was Just on the point of
getting married when Jack Williams
was taken away from him, and of course
he had to give it up then.
CE3I - ETERIAL CURIOSITIES
- - - - _
It is said that the first twenty-six
graves in the cemetery at Virginia City
were those of men who all died by the
bullet. And the first six in another of
those towns contained the bodies of a
desperado and five of his victims—and
there in the bosom of his family, made
dear to him by ties of blood, he calmly
sleeps unto this day.
EMI=
At the Rocky Ridge station in the
Rocky Mountains, in the old days of
overland stages and pony expresses, I
had the gorgeous honor of breakfasting
with Mr. Slade, the Prince of all the des
peradoes, who killed twenty-six men in
his time ; who used to cut offhisvictiin.s'
ears and send them as keepsakes to their
relatives •, and who bound one of his-vic
tims hand and foot and practised on him
with his revolver for hours together—a
proceeding which seems almost inex
cusable until wo reflect that Rocky
Ridge is away off in the dull solitudes
of the mountains, and the poor desper
adoes have hardly any amusements.
Mr. Slade afterward went to Montana
and began to thin out the population as
usual—for he took a great interest in
trimming the census and regulating the
vote—but finally the Vigilance Commit
tee captured and hanged him, giving
him just fifteen minutes to prepare him
self In. The papers said he cried on the
seatibld.
The Vigilance Committee is a whole
some regulator in the new countries, and
bud characters have a lively dread of it.
In Montana one of these gentlemen was
placed on his mule and informed that
he had precisely fifteen minutes to leave
the country in. He said, "Gents, if this
mule don't balk five'll answer."
But that is sufficient about the des
peradoes I merely wished to make pas
sing mention of them as a Californian
production.
Discovery of Mines
The richest and most valuable mines
have in almost all instances been dis
covered by accident; often by ignorant
persons, who knew not the value of their
own discovery ; and by children. To an
Indian hunter is owed the knowledge
of the chief American _mines, and to a
shepherd the silver mines of Peru. This
latter, leading his flocks to feed on the
slopes of the Andes, lighted a fire to
cook his meal, when a pebble, heated
by the flame, attracted his attention by
shining like silver. He found the stone
massive and weighty, and finally carried
it to the mint at Lima, where it was
tested, and proved to be grod ore. As
the Spanish laws, with a view to en
courage Mine-discovery, make it the
property of the tinder, this lucky shep
herd became a millionaire.
The Sacramento gold-fields were dis
covered by a Mormon laborer, who
worked in a saw-mill. Again, in North-
Carolina, in 1799, a child picked up a
yellow stone, of which its father, a rude
settler, thought nothing; but because it
weighed fifteen pounds, used it as a
door-fastener for his cabin, for he was so
poor that the door had no latch. He
showed this stone to one of his few vis
itors, and he opined it to be a metal of
Some sort, after which verdict the owner
used to exhibit it as a curious rock speci
men. Three years afterward, on going
to the market at Lafayette, ho took the
thing to a goldsmith, and asked fifteen
shillings for it, which was very willing
ly paid. It was in reality a nugget
worth £875. Thus it took four years to
find out that the yellow stones in the
streams of California were gold.
It is fair to state, however, that science
has occasionally predicted where the
precious metals have afterward been
found. Sir Roderick Murchison, for
instance, after a visit to the auriferous
tracts of the Ural Mountains, was struck
by their great similarity to some rock
from East Australia ; and in his address
to the Geographical Society in 1814,
prophesied that gold would be found in
the latter region. Led by his observa
tions, one Smith, engaged , in the iron
works at Berrima, searched for gold,
and found it. He cane to the governor
of the colony with a nugget in his hand.
"See what I have found," said he ;
"give me live hundred pounds, and I
will show you the place . ; ' which the
governor declined to do. Again, Mac
gregor, a Scotch shepherd, used to sell
grains and nuggets of gold to the gold
smiths of Sydney, but would never re
veal whence he got them.
It is not usual, however, for discover
ers of the precious metals to be prudent ;
they consider themselves " lucky " in
this particular line and will leave or sell
a good " find " in the hopes of finding a
hater. This is what the Spaniards call
" the miners' frenzy." Thus, the rich
est vein of silver in Chili was discovered
by Godoy, a hunter in the Andes. Fa
tigued by the chase, he seated himself,
on one occasion, under the shelter of a
great rock, and was struck by the color
and brightness of a projecting part. He
chipped the stone with a knife, and
finding he could cut it (to use his own
expression) like cheese, he took a speci
men of it to Copiapo. It was found to
be chloride of silver. He agreed to share
the profits of his discovery with : a rich
man, who engaged to work the mine ;
they came at once to masses of sil
ver; but Godoy sold his interest in
the matter for two thousand eight hun
dred pounds, and started to find more
mines; and having wandered about the
Andes for some years, died having met
with no inure "luck," and without a
penny.
Two brothers, named Bolados, dis
covered near Copiapo, in a crevice open
ed by some earthquake, an enormous
block of silver ore, the cutting, trans
port, and fusion of which was so easy,
that these ignorant men effected it with
out assistance; and In less than two
years realized one hundred and forty
thousand pounds. They squandered,
however, this enormous sum in gamb
ling and dissipation; and when 'their
mine became suddenly exhausted, they
had not even the wretched pittance
left on which they had begun.
The history of the discoveries of the
famous Allison Ranch in Nevada, Cal.,
is a more satisfactory one. Some poor
Irishmen, workers in a neighboring
mine, were so fortunate as to hit upon
it. They were so unlettered as not to be
able to write their names, but they were
excellent fellows. They first built a
chapel, to thank God for his favors ,•
then they erected handsome villas, and
placed their workmen in exceptional
positions ; and they went by turns every
week to San Francisco to spend their
ingots of gold. They retain their sim
plicity, though with an income as large
as that of many princes in Europe, but
refuse to furnish any statement of their
receipts.
The success of Gould and Curry in
their Nevada Silver mine is even more
astounding ; they were so poor that they
were at first obliged to barter two-thirds
of their claim to a grocer for the neces
saries of life, notwithstanding which
they have realized enormous sums for
their own portion. Including the pro
duct of 1857, the Gould and Curry Com
pany have got fourteen millions of
dollars out of their mine.
The history of the Monte Catini Mine,
in Tuscany, is very curious. M. Porte,
its original owner, was half ruined by it,
and sold it in 188 . 1. Immediately after
ward; a block of massive ore was found
that paid all expenses; and left four
thousand pounds net, profit. Then for
fifteen years the mine produced forty
thou Sand pounds a year, and still con
tinues to yield largely. M. Porte, who
had witnessed this heart-rending spec
tacle of the immediate success of others,
where he . had labored In vain for years,
soon died of. grief. Ells marble :bust
adorns the entrance ef the principal
lery of Monte Catini, but his heirs are
Gottschalk, the pianist; and Lefebure
Wely, agreat organist, have died within
a month, and each was stricken with
death while playing hie favorite instru
ment.
Reporters and Reporting
BY DB. B. SIIELTON
The competition of reporters for " ex
clusive" bits of local news is as energet
ic in England asst is in this country.
In one instance, a' reporter had very
nearly got into great trouble by his zeaL
He lived a mile or so out of town, and
on one side of the road, for a considera
ble part of the way, was a thick grove.
As he was returning home, late one
night, after having seen the paper to
press, he observed that one of the trees
near the road side, had an unusual ap
pearance. Going within the fence f he
Uscoverld that the body of a man was
suspended from one of the branches.—
Hurriedly cutting it down, he drew
the body into a part of the grove
where the undergrowth was thick, in
tending to conceal it. This done, he
went home. Next morning he was
taken into custody, on a charge of wil
ful murder, and brought before a magis
trate. A gamekeeper, going through
the woods at early daylight, had dis
covered the body in its place of conceal
ment, and some other person remem
bered that, about midnight, he had seen
the reporter issue from the grove. The
case was suspicious—until a constable,
searching the pockets of the dead man,
discovered a written statement, with his
name and place of abode, and declaring
that domestic misfortune had made life
so unbearable that he had resolved to
commit suicide. Of course, the reporter
was discharged. His explanation was
to the effect that, finding such a fine bit
of " local " as this too late for his own
paper, he had concealed the corpse in or
der that the rival journal which was to
appear on the next dav, should not
profit by the news! But !Or thesuiclde's
confession, a pretty strong case of cir
crmstantial evidence might have been
made:to the peril of the knight of the pen.
Another of this class entered the edi
torial room, in an excited manner and
with rapid steps. " A capital fatal ac
cident !" he exclaimed. " About ten
minutes ago, my mother-in-law tum
bled down stairs and broke her neck. I
have desired them not to say anything
about it to the neighbors until the morn
ing, so that we shall have it exclusively
for our paper." His heart was in his
calling, undoubtedly.
A system of reporting casts before the
police magistrates has long been in
vogue among all the daily morning pa
pers in London. One gentleman of the
press attended at each +office, reported
one or two striking cases each day, and,
taking a sufficient number of copies, by
the manifold process, sent one to cacti
morning journal. Only this particular
reporter was recognized by the magis
trates and by the newspapers. The pay
ment was at the rate of three cents for
each line of print, and no police news
except what was supplied by those re
porters, so often contemptuously. called
•'penny-a-liners," was ever received by
the sub-editor. Reports of little interest
were not inserted, and the pressure of
parliamentary or other news very often
excluded even good ones. This system,
which continues (except that The Times
has a reporter of its own at each police
office), relieved the newspapers from the
heavy cost of regular salaried reporters.
The average outlay was small, but when
half-a-dozen papers paid for the same
paragraphs, each "penny-a-liner" con
trived to earn a respectable income. In
the event of anygreat crime having been
committed, which public curiosity in
sisted on having reported in full, the
lucky reporter in whose police court the
charge was disposed of, might publish
from one to three colunms in each paper
day after day, while the interest lasted,
and sometimes earn front fifty to a hun
dred dollars per diem. The reporters of
the Guildhall and Bow street police of
fices were reputed, at the time I refer to,
of severally making between $3500 and
$4OOO a year—tiut heaviest cases being
brought before the committing magis
trates here. Black mail, or accepting
money for suppressing names, has rarely
been charged against these police re
porters, who enjoy a singular monopoly.
I ant cognizant, however, of one in
stance in which a London " penny-a
liner " showed more sharpness than
probity. It was in the autumn, a dead
season for the London press, when the
political and fashionable and profession
al classes are " out of town." A report
er, who hail been called to the bar, but
had never been employed there by any
one, not finding any news, resolved to
make it. He invented a dreadful mur
der, attended with romantic and mys
terious circumstances, and described it,
very fully as having taken place in a
remote suburban district, for which he
manufactured a Saxon name. He mani
folded it to all the daily papers, only
one of which accepted it. He supplied
additional details ; gave evidence at the
inquest before an imaginary coroner;
published a verdict of " Wilful murder
against some person or persons un
known ;" described the funeral of the
victim; lehgthily and legally went into
conjectures as to the murderer, compli
menting the police, who, he stated, were
on his track. He had "a clear stage" for
some ten days, until the Home Secretary
thought it his duty to inquire into the
case, and soon discovered that it was a fic
tion from first to last. The newspaper
was laughed at, but the imaginative re
porter, who had done nothing for which
the law could punish him, was allowed to
escape. Years passed by, and the next
time I heard of him he was attorney-gen
eral in ope of the Australian colonies,
finally rising to aseat on the bench. I last
saw him in 1847, when he visited Eng
land on official business, and we had a
good laugh over his remarkable " Mur
der in Essex."
Some forty or fifty years ago the Morn
ing Herald, a London daily paper which
has just expired, obtained sudden and
remarkable popularity, on account of its
very amusing reports of eases before the
magistrates at Bow street police office.
Mr. Thwaites, the managing editor, ac
cidentally encountered, in a stage-coach
on the journey from London to Bir
mingham, a Mr. John Wight, "a fellow
of infinite jest," whose quaint man
ner and racy wit made the long
ourney—l write of the ante-railway
time—appear very short. He had
him to dinner the next day nt the
great mail coach inn (who has not heard
of Hen and Chickens :) at Birmingham,
discovered that this facetious gentleman
was a struggling patent ink bottle man
ufacturer, resolved to convert him into
a newspaper man and induced him to
remove to London on a handsome
salary. In a short time, lie became the
exclusive Bow street reporter for the
Morning Herald, taking care not to be
known ns such. He merely sat in the
court, as a casual spectator, without tak
ing notes of any case. Nevertheless, his
Bow street reports were admirable, full
of life and frolic, with cockneys figuring
in them who dropped their H's, and
Irish people using a brogue thick as a
London November fog, which looks as
if one could cut it with a knife. By
and-by the best of these comic reports
were published, with characteristic
sketches by. George Cruikshank, as
"Mornings in Bow Street," and a second
volume also had great success. The
fact was—each case, as reported by
Wight, was fictitious, or, at least., only
fashioned on something that had actu
ally come before the court. The magis
trates enjoyed the joke, the public
laughed, the Morning Herald doubled
its London circulation, and, as a reward,
Mr. Wight was presented with a one
third interest in the paper. This secured,
which gave him a large income for life,
he never wrote another Morning in
Bow Street. He had worked hard, while
in dependence; he eschewed labor
when independence rewarded his past
efforts.
There is an anecdote, of which one of
our journalists, now at the summit of
his profession, is the hero. When he
conducted a newspaper in the West, he
introduced the novelty of reporting
cases before the police magistrate. One
of these, in which a brawny butcher, of
Teutonic race, was brought up for ad
isdnistering, personal correction to his
wife, had some peculiar features which
the reporter dressed up in an amusing
manner. He was sitting at his desk,
when the defendant, who, if not
re-fined, had been fined by the justice,
entered the room, in company with a
huge bludgeon. With a Stentorian voice
in broken English he inquired - by what
right he and his wife had been put into
the newspapers ; and his manner was so
threatening 'that the editor, a slight
youngster, Without even a cane to use in
(lefence, saw how very hopeleae his ease
was. Keeping his:eyeonthe burly gi
ant, and drawing himaf,
if, up In his
chair'. With an air of great dignity,: he
asked • "Do yea . 'subscribe for mylia
pe
r - The enem stared, d answer
ed that heJlid not. y "
Then an ," said the
editor, triumphantly, "I do not, see
what right you have to find fault with
IMMIMEI
LANCASTER, WEDNESDAY MORISING, FEBRUARY 9, 1874..
anything that I print In It. When you
pay two dollars, which is a year's sub
scription, in advance, you will have a
right to complain." This was not a
very logical deduction, but it hit. The
man, in a very abated tone and moder
ated manner, muttered, " I will go and
talk with mine wife about this," and
quitted the office, never to reappear in
it. The editor's presence of mind had
saved him from an assault.—Proof Sheet.
A SERMON.
Delivered in the New Jerusalem Temple
on Sunday, January 30, 1870. by Prof.
S. S. Ilathvon, Leader of the Society.
[And I, John, saw the holy city, New Jerusa
lem, coining down from God out of heaven,
prepared as a bride adorned for her husband.
—Rev. azi-2.)
The distinguishing doctrines of the
New Church, signified by the New Je
rusalem, in the 21st Chapter of the Book
of Revelations, are these :
I. That God is one in essence and in
person, in whom there is a distinct and
essential Trinity, called in the Word,
the Father, the Son, and the Holy
Spirit; which have a finite correspon
dence in the soul, the body, and the
active energy of every human being;
and that the Lord Jesus Christ Is this
God, and is therefore the only true ob
ject of worship. The sole divinity of
the Lord Jesus Christ, may be regarded
as the great central doctrine of the
Church, because without a right concep
tion of who God is, as well as what he
is, lie cannot become essentially a.true
object of human affection, and without
affection, there can be no interior wor
ship, for "God is Love." If the full
ness of the God-head did not dwell in
Jesus Christ bodily, then, whilst he
was on earth, he uttered the most extra
ordinary assumptions that ever emana
ted from any being, since time began.
In the very earliest days of his mission
on earth, when Satan—who was the
complex representative of all the aggre
gated wickedness of the world—appear
ed before Jesus in the Wilderness, offer
ing all the kingdoms of this world if
He would only bow down and worship
him, Jesus asserted his sole divinity by
saying : "Get thee behind me Satan, for
it is written, Thou shalt not tempt the
Lord thy God." When one of his die
iples wanted some further manifestation
of the identity of Jesus with the Father,
he received for reply, " Host thou been
so long time with me, Philip, and host
not known me? He that bath seen me
bath seen the Father. ''l and the
Father arc one." Could any other being
than Clod, restore the dead to life:; open
the eyes of the blind; walk on the water;
feed a multitude of five thousand on five
loaves and two fishes ; declare that he
had power of Himself to lay down his
own life and power to take it up again ;
and finally, proclaim, in the face of his
persecu tors, "BEFORE ABR. 11.1.11 WAS
I Ax?" Verily, " the testimony of
Jesus is the spirit of prophecy."
11. In order to be saved, man must
believe in the Lord—notmerely a blind,
supine faith, but an active living belief—
and must earnestly and honesty strive
to obey his commandments, looking to
Him alone for strength and assistance,
and acknowledging that all life and
salvation are from Him. Faith in God, is
such an essential elementin the character
of a true Christian, that He has found it
necessary to declare in His Word : " He
that believeth shall be saved, but he that
believeth not shall be condemned, yea,
is condenmed already." If the inmost
of men's minds were known, it would
be found that very many are lashed un
der the condenmation of disbelief, be
cause believing does not consist in a
merely sentimental faith; for, our Lord
has very explicitly declared, that "He
that docth my commandments, he it is,
that believeth in me," and " He that
keareth my commandments and docth
them, I will liken unto a wise man who
built his house upon a rock." Althou, - ,,h
practical faith is a necessary element of
sound doctrine and of the Church, yet
it is possible that not all who nominal
ly believe, and are in the church, may
have that faith:; because not all are of
the church who are nominally in it.
When we say the Church, we do not re
fer to any particular edifice, or sect, or
association, but to any number of sincere
worshippers, of any class in life, and
wif - ereverassembled, who worship God
'' in spirit and in truth." Who, in holy
confidence, look to "Him from whom
all blessings flow," alone, for strength ;
and who acknowledge that every thing
of life and salvation are from Him, and
that, "In Him we live, and move, and
have our being." Nevertheless, if a
living faith in the Sole Divinity of Jesus
Christ constitutes the centre of that
church, it will embody more of that New
Jerusalem which descends from God.
The Sacred Scriptures, or the Di
vine Word, is not only a Revelation of
the Lord's will, and the history of his
dealings with man, but also contains
the infinite treasures of his wisdom, ex
pressed in symbolical or correspondent
fat language, and therefore in addition
to the sense of the letter, there Is in the
word, an interior or spiritual sense,
which can be interpreted only by the
law of correspondence between things
natural and things spiritual: It was in
accordance with this law that David,
in his representative character, wrote ;
" I will open my mouth in parables ; I
will utter dark sayings of old ;" that the
Evangelist deGlared that Jesus " spake
to them in parables, and without a par
ble spoke he not unto them ;" that John
was " in the spirit" on the Lord's day,
on the Isle of Patmos, and was com
manded to " write the things that must
be hereafter ;" and finally, that St.
Paul, declared that " the letter killeth,
but the spirit giveth life." According
to this law, all the visible and sensuous
things of this world are but the corres
pondential out-births of the invisible
and supersensuous things of the spirit
ual world justas the body is an exter
nal manifestation of the soul within it;
for without a soul the body would in
stantly perish. The word of God, in
order that it might adapt itself to all the
conditions of mankind, from the earli
est to the latest ages ;in order that man
might realize practically the declara
tion—" my words they are spirit and
they are life," and that they might
be a " lamp to his feet and a light
unto his path, "—could not be any- ,
thing ices than all else that has em
anated from Him, " who is, and who
was, and who is to come, the Almighty."
The sciences of correspondences is as
old as human society, and although for
ages partially lost, yet in hieroglyphics,
I signs and symbols, something of it has
ever remained, and is now being de
veloped again in the world, through the
writings of Swedenborg.
IV. Note is the Second coming of the
Lord foretold in the 24th chapter of the
Gospel according to St. Matthew ; and
the establishment of the new church
signified by the New Jerusalem, in the
21st chapter of the Book of Revelation;
and this second coming is not a visible
appearance on earth, but a new disclos
ure of Divine Truth, and the promulga
tion of true Christian Doctrine, effected
by means of the Lord's Servant, Eman
uel Swedenborg, who was specially in
structed in this Doctrine, and commis
sioned to publish it to the world. While
Jesus was in the flesh, he paid unto his
disciples—" I have many things to tell
you,
but ye cannot hear them now."
But as soon as they could hear them,
He came, not in person, but in the
power of the Spiritual Sense of his writ
ten word. And in order that Jehovah
Jesus might manifest his will to ,the
human family, he has, in this instance,
pursued the same plan that he has in
all his former dispensations of truth and
light ; namely : through the instrumen
tality of a man. He,
as the omniscient
searcher of hearts, knew exactly what
men were the best instruments to pro
mulgate:his merciful and infinite pur
poses. It does not militate against the
testimony of Swedenborg, to say that,
as a .general thing, the world has not
received it. The Jews did not believe
in the first Chllstian dispensation, be
cause Jesus did not come according to
their literal interpretation of Scripture,
and for the same reason the masses of
the Christian world, do not believe in
the second dispensation. Hundreds and
thousands, yea, tens of thousands, of
earnest, thoughtful Christian men, how
ever, in looking over 'the events of the
last hundred years, have not been able
to resist the conclusion that in some
manner there has been a new influx or
outpouring, of God's truth, which
amounts to an entire hew dispensation
of His will to the human
fa
.
V. Mans the material body is
but the preparation for eternal life, and
when the body dies man immediately
rises into the spiritual world, and, after
1111
preparation in - • intermediate state,
dWells:Torever iri Heaven or Hell, se
cording to the eharacterle hab acquired
during his earthly life. Aecorffn.g to
St. Paul "there is a spiritual body, and
there is a natural body." The natural
- = ..-- ti.
. .
is "sown in corruption and is raised in
incorruption," and becomes invisible to
naturareYes. If we needed any assur
ance that this raising of the spiritual
body, in the human form, taketi _piece
immediately after death and nor at a
very' remote future period, we. might
have it bathe case of the rich man who
" lifted up his eyes in Hell and saw
Lazarus" in the bosom of Abraham ; or
ou the Mount of Transfiguration; where
Moses and Fl as"talked fitceto face with
the Lord ;" or in the thief on the cross
to whom the Lord said, "This flay shalt
thou be with me in Paradise." But the
matter of paramount consideration in
this connection is, as to the character
we have acquired during our earthly
life. Not what was, or is our external
reputation, but our internal character,
for reputation relates to what we appear,
butcharactertowhatwe are. And while
the more flattering unction may be found
in the maxim that "Whilst the lamp
holds out to burn the vilest sinner may
return," yet the more scriptural ad
monition is, "Can the Ethiopian change
his skin or the leopard las spots? So
may they do good who are accustomed
to doAvil." What we accustom our
selves to think, intend and do from affec
tion, be it good or evil, determines the
status of our characters ; and those are
the only possessions we can possibly take
over with us into the spiritual world.
External evils and virtues will vanish
as internal evils and virtues are devel
oped in the intermediate state.
VI. The spiritual world, the eternal
horde of men after death, is not remote
from this world, but is in direct connec
tion with it, and we are, though uncon
ciously, always in immediate commun
ion with angels and spirits. Heaven
and Hell are not so 3:unclip/aces of beillg,
as they are states of being. Our Lord
said, "The Kingdom of God cometh not
of observations. It is not 10, here, nor 10,
there; behold the Kingdom of Heaven is
within you!" Men would not be happy
in Heaven, if they could even enter
i therein, if they had not Heaven within
them before they entered ; neither,
would they be miserable in Hell, if they
had not Hell in them. It is the aggre
gation of these millions of individual
Heavens and Hells, that makes up the
sum of happiness or misery of the larger
Heavens and Hells. This is the practi
cal lesson of this doctrine. Let no man
therefore imagine that he can escape
Hell and enter Heaven through artifice,
however refined it may be. As to his
spirit, he is in the spiritual world, whilst
as to his body he is in this world ; but
still in estate of equilibrium and is affect
ed by good or evil spirits just as he wills
it. He does not originate either good or
evil; these are either from Heaven or
from Hell. But the Lord has endowed
him with a free-will principle, in which
consists his manhood, and distinguishes
him from a brute. By the exercise of
this faculty he can turn to God and
Heaven, and, through his guardian
angels, can have communion with his
Maker. But by the abuse of this facul
ty, lie can also turn towards Hell and
be influenced in his thoughts and con
duct by devils there. But even the
power to will and to do, either good or
evil, is from the Lord. "If I ascend to
Heaven, Thou art there ; if I make my
bed in Hell, behold Thou art there."—
Man is therefore a co-operative being
in his character, and his salvation or
spiritual destruction depends upon
whether he co-operates with influences
from above, or with those from below.
From these doctrines, very imperfect
ly stated, it will be apparent that an
honest and affectionate reception of
them, involves not only an acknowl
edgment of the Bible as the word of God,
but also the claims of Swedenborg as its
illuminated expounder, no mattertow hat
external church organization an
martelong. An intelligent re
ception of them, of course, requires a
knowledge of the distinctive doctrines of
the Holy Scriptures, of the Lord, of
Faith, of Charity, of Works, of the Re
surrection, Regeneration, Repentance,
Baptism, the Lord's Supper, he., but
especially of the doctrine of life. With
out the latter we can, at best, be only I
nominal Christians, and I think we
might hazard the assertion, that nomi
nal Christianity alone, never can effect
the salvation of a soul.
In conclusion we may say that wher
ever two or three meet in the Lord's
name, there he has promised to be in the
midst of them. But tomeetin His name,
is to meet with the desire to be imbued
with His qualities. Ak now ledge of these
qualities can only be obtained in the
Word of God, or expounded from it, by
one competent to teach and interpret.
We believe that the Lord's new Church
is now descending from Heaven, "as a
bride adorned for her husband." But,
as seeds that are scattered over a diver
sity of soil, some becoming parched,some
choked, some devoured by fowls, and
some taking root in good ground, and
bearing thirty, sixty, or an hundred
fold, so the spirit of truth which by a
general influx is now descending from
God will find a congenial element in
thehearts and minds of those only who
have "ears to hear what the spirit sayeth
unto the churches." In our states of
humiliation we may feel discouraged,
but in a more exalted and hopeful frame
of mind, we entertain no apprehensions
as to the final result. The Lord will, in
his own way, and in his own good time,
establish His Church among men on
this earth. If he does not find " where
to lay his head," in the hearts of the
professed receivers of the doctrines of
the new dispensation, there, as in times
of old, when he was rejected by those
to whom he specially came, He will
build up his church among the Gentiles.
An Undertaker's Wedding
There was a "melancholy lntere,st" in
a little nth& that actually occurred not
a thousand miles from Boston, a short
time since. A well known clergyman
received one morning an imperative
summons to be in attendance to perform
"the ceremony" at the residence of an
equally well known undertaker in the
evening. He went, accordingly, sup
posing, of course, that he was to accom
pany the man of grief to a house of
mourning, but was agreeably disap
pointed on finding the house (over the
shop) brilliantly lighted and filled with
guests, who the undertaker proceeded to
introduce as follows:
"This'a.3ny intended wife, sir, Miss
Cm . I shall marry her to-night, if
you ll officiate."
" Certainly," replied the clergyman,
somewhat amused ; " and these are your
friends to witness the ceremony?" look
ing around at the crowded apartment.
" 0, yes, you know many of them—
allow me—this is Mr. Bones, Sexton of
St. Charles Church."
Mr. Bones rose Solemnly, and heaved
a hundred dollar funeral sigh as he
bowed to the minister.
" Mr. Mould, sexton of the brick
chaple."
Mould, who had a low-cut white vest,
a large glossy white shirt bosom and
collar, a pale face and sunken eyes,
which gave him the appearance of being
" laid out," replied to the clergymans's
greeting with the usual sad shake of the
head he had practiced at funerals the
past twenty years.
" This," said the host, as the individ
ual approached on tip toe with downcast
gaze, as if disturbing the silence of a
grief stricken family , sitting in the front
parlor at a funeral, `this is Mr. Black,
the undertaker ; I believe you've met
before." Black bowed and inclined his
head sideways, as if he expected the
minister to whisper some directions to
him before proceeding with the service.
" Allow me to make you acquainted
with Mr. Stone, the sculptor . ' Stone
griped the minister's hand as he would
a mallet; he was proprietor of Stone's
Monumental Works. Then followed
introductions to the superintendents of
two cemeteries, a plate engraver, and
others more or less connected with the
grim business of the host, who, after fin
ishing the introductions, announced
himself ready for the marriage cere
mony.
" You don't mind standing here and
using this black walnut case for a table,
do you?" said the bridegroom ; "it was
too heavy to move, besides it's full of
shrouds and caps that we don't want to
trouble."
The minister acquiesced ,and the twain
were duly united, after which cake,
wine and conversation pervaded the
company.
The clergyman congratulated the
bridegroom on his bride. "Yes," re
plied the happy man f "she's been my
housekeeper some time—nice woman—
ain't afraid of dead folks." • •
" Ah, Indeed," said 'the cletgymaia,
getting a . little atallY - Aowg.aiong 'his
backbone in spite' of bhE Mid wish
ing to change the subject, he remarked . —
" Any news to-day, Mr. Tremens ?"
" News, no—that is, yes !, You re
member Merker, that jumped overboard
MWMM
and drowned himself from the ferry
boat last week ?"
‘iYes.".
" Well, they found him this morning
,ten feet of water, and paving stones
in his pockets."
" Indeed!"
"Yes! We've got him up stairs, if
you'd like to see him !"
Not knowing what might come nest,
the clergyman thought best to take his
departure, which he did with a grave
demeanor suited to the occasion.
The Late Chief Justice Taney—llls Lite
and Character-Forthcoming
Biography, &e.
The interest in the life and character
of the late Chief Justice Taney, revived
by the recent arrival of Rinehart's ad
mirable model of the statue which he
has been commissioned to execute by the
Legislature of Maryland, will doubtless
be much enhanced by the appearance of
the forthcoming biography in course of
preparation by Samuel Tyler, of George
town, D. C. Shortly before the death
of Mr. Taney he placed in the hands of
Mr. Tyler a collection of papers and
documents relating to his private and
official life, that gentleman having long
been his confidential friend, and having
signified a desire to write the volume
which is soon to make its appearance.
A Washington correspondent of the Cin
cinnati Inquirer, who has freely con
versed with the authorupon the charac
ter of the work, indicates that the mate
rials furnish a complete refutation of the
divers slanders which unscrupulous
politicians have cast upon the distin
guished jurist while flying, and contin
ued since his death.
Among the people of Maryland per
haps no such refutation is necessary, but
it is well for the cause of truth and his
-1 tory that the work of writing Judge
Taney's biography has been underta
ken. One of these slanders persistently
quoted, though repeatedly condemned,
credits Judge Taney with having assert
ed, in the Dred Scott decision, that " a
black man had no rights in this country
which a white man was bound to re
spect," the story originating in a wanton
omission of the context, the expression
really being the logical deduction of
legal and historical inquiry, and in effect
that " it was manifest that at the time of
the adoption of the constitution negroes
were regarded as persons who had no
rights which white men were bound
to respect." The charges made in Con
gress and throughout the country that
he rendered his decision in the Dred
Scott case in the way and at the time he
did for the purpose of assisting Mr. Bu
chanan and the extreme pro-slavery
wing of the Democratic party ; and also
the charge made during the campaign
of 1860, that he sought to influence the
action of parties by announcing his
preference for Douglas, or in ,any man
ner on any other occasion, will be fully
met. This last - mentioned point was
answered in a private letter by Judge
Taney, the following extract from which
will show his- temper upon the sub
ject generally :.
" From the time I was put upon the
bench of the Supreme Court of the Uni
ted States, I have endeavored to extri
cate myself entirely from party politics,
and I have never permitted any man to
approach me as a politician. I have
-never even voted since my appointment.
I express my opinions, of course, upon
political, as well as upon other questions
in the private circle. But a judge of the
Supreme Court ought never to be con
nected with the parties and politics of
the country. If he should, he will cer
tainly destroy his own usefulness on the
bench, and the court itself will be finally
brought into the political arena."
Judge Taney refrained from express
ing any opinion on the origin of the war,
fearing that the question might come
before him for adjudication. He did
not hesitate, however, to say in private
conversation that Mr. Buchanan's tim
idity was to blame for the great disaster,
and that a little firmness on the part of
that official would have prevented it.
Having in the early part of the war is
sued a writ of habeas corpus in favor of
a man arrested for treason, he thereby
laid himself open to the criticisms of the
truly loyal, and though then upwards
of eighty years of age, was often threat
ened with arrest upon a similar charge.
Although Judge Taney was a pro
slavery man, and the greater part of his
patrimony- was in slaves, he manumit
ted every one he had when a young
man, having little other property, and
with a family dependent upon him. So
fur from his being cruel and tyranical,
as has been often represented, says Mr.
Tyler, "there will be,facts cited in this
book to show that he was a man of ex
traordinary kind heart and gentle na
ture ; so far from his being haughty and
aristocratic he will be found very hum
ble and very Democratic. As an instance
of this I will relate what Father McEl
roy, his confessor, told me. The old
man, though educated as a Presbyterian,
was a pious and devout Catholic. When
at his home in Frederick, Md., he used
to go regularly to confession. Most of
the Catholics of that town were poor
people. One day the judge came to con
fession and had to wait quite aw h ile,th ere
being several who had come before him.
When the judge entered the confes
sional the priest told him he had better
for the future come in by the back way,
so as to avoid the crowd and not be de
tained. To this the judge dissented,
saying that whatever difference there
might be in rank and station among
men in the world, he couldn't come to
confession as the Chief Justice of the
United States, but as an humble Chris
tian, and that as a Christian he had no
more claim to priority at the confes
sional than the poorestman in the parish.
There was not a manor woman about
him who did not soon learn to love him
for some act of kindness. Among the
first men drafted for the war was his
body servant. The family physician
offered to secure his re lease on the ground
of physical disability, but Judge Taney,
though a very poor man,_declined the
proffer, and promptly purchased a sub
stitute, for which he paid several hun
dred dollars out of his own pocket."
Judge Taney, after a long life in the
service of the public, which included
the position of Secretary of the Treasu
ry, died a very poor man. So poor that
' his daughters are now earning a living
as copyists in Washington. If poverty
be a test of party, he certainly cannot
be said to have been a corrupt man.
Mr. Tyler relates that soon after the out
break of the war the Judge was notified
that certain Virginia State Bonds in
which he had $lB,OOO invested were
very likely to be repudiated in conse
quence of the inability of the State to
pay the interest, and the fact that many
of them were owned in the then hostile
North. He was told however, that in
consequence of his distinguished char
acter and extreme age the State author
ities would redeem his bonds if he would
present them for payment. But he de
clined, saying that he knew no reason
why his bonds should be redeemed and
all the rest repudiated,
One of the most startling effects of
this monkish delusion was the crusade
of the little children. A band of fifty
thousand children from Germany and
France set out in 1212 to redeem the holy
sepulchre. A peasant child of Vendome
first assumed the cross in France, and
soon an increasing throng of boys and
girls gathered around him as he passed
from Paris to- the South, and with a
touching simplicity declared that they
meant to go to Jerusalem to deliver
the sepulchre of the Saviour. Their
parents and relations in vain en
deavored to dissuade ' them ; they
escaped from their-homes ; they wan
dered away without money or means
of subsistence ; and they believed that a
miracle would dry up the Mediterranean
Sea one enable them topass safely to the
shores of Syria. At length a body of
seven thousand of the French children
reached Marseilles, and here they met
with a strange and unlooked-for doom!
At Marseilles were slave-traders who
were accustomed to purchase or steal
children In order to sell them to the
Saracens. Two of these monsters,
Ferrers and Porous,. engaged to take
the young crusaileis - to the Holy Land
without charge, and they set sail in
seven ships; for the. East. Two of the
vessels were .sunk on the passage with
all their basserigere ; the oltheni arrived
safely, and the unhappy children were
sold by their hetrayers in the slave mu
kets ; of Alexandria. or .Carlo. Other
large bodies of children came from. Ge
rmany across the Alps. Many perished
..Aom,hunger, 4lsease, ; few were
_enabled-to di on, the. seem], soil of By
ria ; and it is estimated flat fifty thou
sand of the flower of European youth,
I were lost in this most remarkable of the
cruasdes.—Harper's Magazine.
OMUMNI
The Children's Crusade
MEM
THE YUMMIER DUCH.
A Beaten of the Article in the Atlantic
Monthu
Mr. Ulrich Strickler furnishes us with the
following review of the article on the
"Pennsylvania Dutch," which appeared
in a recent number of the Atlantic Monthly :
An article on the " Pennsylvania Dutch"
was published a few months ago in the At
lantic Monthly, which, while it contains
many facts concerning the customs of this
class of people, contains also many inaccu
racies, and conveys false ideas on many
subjects. Two criticisms on it have been
published in different periodicals, bat as
they point out but one or two of its many
inaccuracies, we now, after having waited
so long in vain for some one better quali
fied from a literary point of view than our
selves to perform the task, deem it our duty
as a "Pennsylvania Dutchman," to point
out and correct the most glaring of its in
accuracies, and particularly those which
convey false ideas to those who are not
acquainted with these people. The writer,
who is apparently a lady and a Yankee,
says: " I have lived for twenty years in
the county of Lancaster, where my neigh
bors on all sides are " Pennsylvania
Dutch," and in consequence of which she
claims to be well acquainted with their lan
guage and customs. That she is an observ
ing woman, and a person of considerable
intelligence, we are not disposed to ques
tion, but that she knows very little of the
Pennsylvania Dutch language, is apparent
from the examples given by her, as speci
mens of this peculiar dialect, and which
are all with one or two exception's, incor
rect. It is also apparent from the article
that she knows.nothing of these people out
side of the immediate neighborhood of her
residence, which is,..she informs us, in
Upper Leacock township, this county.
Now no one acquainted in but a single
locality, and thereassociating with the peo
ple to only a very limited extent, could
give a correct and accurate account of the
merme', customs, b3liefs and language of
the whole so-called Pennsylvania Dutch
people, no matter how strong his desire
might bo to do so. A foreigner who had
for some time resided in New York, Chica
go, New Orleans, or San Francisco, might
as well attempt to give a description of the
entire United States and of tho manners
and customs of its people, by describing
only that particular city of which ho was a
resident, its business and its people. From
a description of Boston, or even of the
whole of New England, its industrial pur
suits and its inhabitants, very little knowl
edge of the South, of the Pacific slope,
of the Rocky Mountain region, or of the
almost boundless prairies of the West, or of
the manners, customs and pursuits of the
people inhabiting those sections could be
obtained. Nor will a description, no mat
ter how correct, of the Pennsylvania Dutch
of one locality be an accurate description
of all that class of people. Although they
are not spread over the whole United
States, yet Upper Leacock township com
prises but a very small part of the country
inhabited by . them.
Not only is nearly the whole of South
Eastern and Central Pennsylvania inhabi
ted by them, but there are many counties
in Ohio, Indiana and Northern Illinois set
tled almost exclusively by Pennsylvania
Dutch, who speak that language yet to a
very great extent. There are also a great
many In other sections of the United
States, especially in the Shenandoah Val
ley in Virginia, in Western Maryland, in
lowa, and in many other sections of the
Union; also in the southern part of Can
ada West, (now the Province of Ontario.)
It will thus bo seen that these people are
not so insignificant in numbers (nor in in
fluence as will hereafter be shown) as
might be inferred from the article in the
Atlantic Monthly, in which they are called
" a people which are almost unknown out
side of the rural neighborhoods of their
own State." We may safely estimate their
number at not less than four or five mil
lions. There are, however, man of them,
particularly in the towns and vi es, who
speak English partly or altogether, ut who
are none the less of this class for speaking
a different language, as they are the de
scendants of parents and grand parents
who were "Dutch." In many of the
"Dutch" sections this language will have
disappeared in one generation hence, and
in two generations the English will have
superseded it everywhere. Yet the people
of these sections will not be a different
people for speaking a different language.—
We may, therefore, call all the descendants
of these people Pennsylvania Dutch.
All Americans bear some resemblance to
each other; there is a something in their
appearance by which they can at all times
be known from Europeans, and yet in
many respects they differ widely. It is so
with the Pennsylvania Dutch, they differ
widely in different sections, in their - cus
toms, their religion, and even in their lan
guage. The writer of this is a genuine
Pennsylvania Dutchman; his ancestors
having all been Dutch, and he having been
raised in a Dutch neighborhood. He has
also spent the greater part of his time liv
ing and traveling among these people, not
only in different.countritre of South East
ern and Central Pennsylvania, but also in
Ohio,lndiana, Illinois,` irginia and Canada.
In no two sections has he found them to
speak the language exactly alike; but on the
contrary in every section some terms and
phrases are used that are not used in any
other. In one section, more and different
English and partly English words and
phrases are used than in another, while in
another the language is nearer the Pure
German, and in still another we notice a
slight trace of other languages. We might
give examples but think it unnecessary.—
" Pit Schweffiebrenner's " letters in the
Father Abraham, are very good specimens
of Berk' County " Dutch," but they would
be considered poor specimens of rork
County "Dutch," and still poorer speci
mens of the Dutch as it is spoken
in Central Pennsylvania, in the coun
ties of Union, Centre, Huntingdon,
,t.e. While the language differs some
what in different localities, yet it does not
differ enough to make it unintelligible to
persons from the different sections. There
is however, occasionally, a word or a
phrase used the meaning of which would
dark to any one not from that particular
locality. We have met with such, the
meaning of which we had to inquire. This
is owing to the language not being a pure
but a mixed one. While nearly every, if
not quite every, county of England has
some peculiarities of dialect, and nearly
every section of the United States and
wherever the English language is spoken,
yet all educated persona speaking the Eng
lish language ,
m. speak it nearly alike, as
there is a certain standard by which they
are governed. So with all other pure lan
guages. The Pennsylvania Dutch being a
mixed dialect, has no common standard by
which persons speaking it can be governed.
There are no newspapers or books pub
lished, but occasionally a poem or a hu
morous article in this dialect makes its
appearance. The most extended of these
are the letters before alluded to. Each per
son's productions in this language differ
from the productions of all others, in style,
in language, but more particularly in the
orthography. As the Pennsylvania Dutch
is a dialect of the German, with but a trace
of the English and other languages, the
German orthography should be followed,
and the German sounds of the letters ap
plied as much as possible. The letters of
" Pit Schweffiebrenner" aro very faulty in
this respect. To make the words spell what
the writer intends theyshall, or be as they are
E
spoken by the people, the nglish sounds
must be applied quite as often as the Ger
man. The English and Gorman sounds of
the letters are so indiscriminately mixed
among each other that no one not acquaint
ed with this dialect could pronounce all the
words correctly—that is as they are spoken.
German or English, or German and Eng
ligh scholarship alone would not suffice to
make anything out of such words as
.. weaves " " neayer," " froga," " warta,"
etc.; it would require a knowledge of
" Pennsylvania Dutch." Even his nom de
plume "Schwefflebreruser," which Is to be
a combination of the two German words
",schweffet" (not schweff/e) brimstone and
" brenner" burner, would not be pro
nounced by a purely Germanscholar as the
intention is that it should be. Sometimes
two different letters, which have no similar
sounds, either in the English or the Ger
man are used to represent the same sounds.
Forinstance, g and y, whose sounds differ
in both the English and in the German
are used, sometimes one andsometimes the
other, to represent a certain sound. We
find " nearer" and "nearer" (negro) in the
same letter.
"The tongue which these people speak"
says the writer in the Atlantic Monthly "Is
not German. They audit are Dutch." This
is a blunder. They are not the descendants
of emigrants from Holland, the country of
the Dutch, bat their ancestors principally
came from Germany, and but a small pro
rtion from other countries. Nor is the
language Dutch. Although it is not Ger
man, and is called "Dutch," it comes nearer
the German than the Dutch or any other
pure language.
The liberal policy of William Penn, in
allowing religious freedom to all settlers,
and the proscriptive policy of the Puritans,
served to attract not only the 'Mennonites
but also the Lutherans and Reformed from
Germany, French Protestants, Swedes, and
others, to Pennsylvania. Here they Were
not subjected to persecutions on account of
religions opinions as in the New England
and in some other colonies, and in conse
quence all classes that could not find a
congenial element in other places hi the
New World, came to Pennsylvania. These
settlers from different nationalities, speak
ing different languages, in their inter
course with one another, gradually formed
a new or mixed tongne, and as the Ger
mans greatlypredominated, theirlangnage
entered moatlargely into the new language.
In localities oonfignons ti English -Settle
mentiy we find the • linguage'_ partaking
-more'or the English thin in localities Mare
distant from them.
We have before stated that the words
given by the writer in the Atlantic Month
ly as specimens of this language were given
NUMBER 6.
intierrealy. We will now point them out
'more particularly. Although, as before
"dad, the language differs somewhat in
different localities, yet in tho main there is
a general similarity, and wo have not heard
at anytime or place, the words spoken as
given by her, or as we would pronounce
them from her orthography. She gives "for
fbr "fahre" the German being"fithren."
Pronounced like the German, with the ex
ception of the last sound in the word (n),
which is omitted. Shortening words by
omitting some sounds is a peculiarity of
this tongue. Nearly all words ending sim
ilarly with en are abridged in the same
manner by dropping then. InMany words
of two or more syllables beginning with a
consonant and containing a abort vowel
sound in the first syllable, the vowel sound
is omitted and the first and second syllables
are blended into one as"gfarige" for ' s yllables
and in some the first syllable is drop
pod entirely as "kumme" fur "gekommen.'
pod
should be "6-tick a mohl
do," and "haltybisseP' should be "halt a
bisseL" For the German word "am,"
which represents in that language both the
English adjective one, and the article a we
use a. When an article we give it the short
sound as in at, when an adjective the long
sound as inlate; in some sections the broad
sound as in all. For the adjective pronoun
one (German einer, rine, eine) we use ever,
fine and ens, with the long sound of a; in
some sections the broad sound. But the
short sound of iis never used for emir, as
would be inferred from "haltybissel." We
might quote quite a number of other errors,
but consider these sufficient to prove that
her knowledge of this language is very
limited.
A large portion of that part of the article
relating to the religion of these people, is
also erroneous. We would infer from it
that all these people belong to the three
sects of Mennonites, which is very far from
being so. All the Dunkards or Germ
Baptists, and nearly all the Lutherans an
German Reformed in the United States
are Pennsylvania Dutch; the same is also
true of the Evangelical Association, United
Brethren, and several minor sects of Ger
man Methodists. Among the:Mennonites
the men do not keep their hats on, nor the
women their bonnets, in religious meetings,
and candidates for preachers can not ex
cuse themselves front the service, thel wri
ter in the Atlantic Monthly to the contrary
notwithstanding. It is the doctrine of this
denomination that there is a Divine guid
ance in the selection of preachers, and that
the lot:will only fall upon God's elect.
states in the beginning of
her articie she has "learned to hearti
ly esteem" the Dutch "for their native
good sense, friendly feeling, and religious,
character," she has taken some pains in a
subsequent part to ridicule them ; thus
pretending. ono thing and laboring to prove
the opposite. Remarks like the following
are,—to say the least that can be said about
them,—disrespectful and slanderous, and
do these plain, honest and unpretending
people great Injustice. They are plainly
intended to ridicule them, anti bring disre
spect upon them. "Titles do not abound
among these plain neighbors of ours. Pe
ter's little son used to mill him " Pete" as
he heard the hired men do." " A person
once asked an Amish man the difference
between themselves and another Mennist
sect. ' Vy, day years puttons, and we
years hook oont eyes r and this is, in fact a
prime difference.
" After meeting is over, the Amish people
are all seen going to the store which gives
the highest price for butter and eggs—for
they have compared notes." There are
other remarks of a similar nature in the
article, but we consider these sufficient to
show the animus of the writer. These false
hoods are so plainly apparent to every per
son, that we do not consider them worthy
of refutation. She also tries to ridicule
their extreme cleanliness. Cleanliness in
every thing is a characteristic of these
people. The "tin ware and brass ladles"
in a Dutch kitchen do "shine," and no
Yankee will have his stomach turned at a
Dutch table, or by seeing the process of
cooking and baking in a Dutch kitchen. It
would be a fine thing for the Yankee men,
who love cleanliness, and dislike eating
dirt, if their wives would previous to be
ginning house-keeping, serve an appren
ticeship at learning cleanliness and cook
ing and baking in a Dutch kitchen. No
class of people can compare with the Dutch
in real cleanliness, in their kitchens and
about their cooking.
From the great prominence given to the
Amish by the long description of them, wo
would infer that they are a numerous soft.
But they are quite the contrarv, being the
least numerous of the Mennonite sects, and
in fact of all the sects of the Dutch.
The eastern part of Lancaster county con
tains nine-tenths of all this sect in the
United States. The re-aainder, who are all
emigrants, or descendants of emigrants
from that section, are divided among the
following places : Buffalo Valley, in Lrinon
county; Juniata Valley, in Mifflin county;
Ilm' s Valley, in Centre county, and
untingdou county.
Although she says, "Our Dutch use a
freedom of language that is not known to
the English, and which to them savors of
coarseness," no true Dutch woman would
hint, in a newspaper article, at a subject
alluded to by our " English" lady writer,
in the following words : " In regard to this
(soap-making) and that other chemical ope
ration making and keeping vinegar, there
are certain ideas about the temporary in
cdpacity of some persons—ideas only to be
alluded to here."
On the subject of education she says,
"Much education the Dutch farmer fears,
as productive of laziness ; and laziness is a
mortal sin here." In regard to laziness
being despised, she is right, but in regard
to the Dutch fearing education she is wrong.
Laziness is not esteemed, as being Indus
triots L 9 one of the characteristics of the
Dutch. To prove that the Dutch are not
opposed to education, we have only to
pomt to the public schools of Lancaster
county, which are not surpassed by those
of any " English county in the State, and
which will compare favorably with those of
any section of the Union.
The leading townships in Lancaster coun
ty in educational matters are Dutch. They
pay more liberal salaries to the teachers
than the English townships do, and in con
sequence of which they can command a bet
ter and abler corps of teachers. This is also
true of York and other counties which are
partly Dutch and partly English. The
Superintendent of Common Schools of
Lancaster county, who has hold the office
now for eleven years and under whose ad
ministration the schools and the school cause
have made such decided progress,is a Dutch-
Man and so area great majority of the load
ing teachers of the co un ty,an d many offihem
are the sons of Dutch farmer& The statistics
of the Department of Common Schools of
Pennsylvania prove that the Dutch are not
opposed to education, and to them we
would refer the reader. It is true that the
Dutch farmers are °little slow in forsaking
old and established customs and beliefs,
and adopting new and untried theories, but
when they once see the wisdom of a meas
ure, they are its firmest friends. This is
true of education as well as of other sub
jects. Although not many give their sons
a classical education as yet, a good com
mon school education is now conferred
very gemales. nerally upon
th err m on a
co lea us an
state
ments in the article, to which this is in
tended principally as a reply, but as they
are of minor importance we will pass
them by unnoticed.
THE WYNOCHIE CHILDREN
The Mystery Solved by the Dbteovery of
the Bodies of the Children—They Are
Tweed by the Crows.
The mystery of the disappearance of the
three children of Joseph Wyble, of Wy
nockie, in Passaic county, N. J., ;which
has occupied considerable public attention
for some weeks, was solved yesterday
morning. The information was brought to
Patterson yesterday afternoon by Mr.
Rusling, the engineer of the New Jersey
Western Railroad and the excitement
caused in that city 'by the intelligence was
intense, the offices of the local journals
being fairly besieged and the street corners
crowded by speculative gatherings.
It seems that a man named William
Ramsey, with a companion, was walking
through the wilderness yesterday morning,
about two miles from the but of the Wy
bles, when their attention was called to a
large flock of crows ascending and descend
ing at a point near the foot of a mountain.
Proceeding to the spot thoy discovered,
near a large shelving rock, the three lost
children of Joseph Wyble.
Their bodies were considerably decom
posed, but still recognizable. Their wan,
pinched countenances gave unmistakable
evidence that their death had been caused
by starvation. The bodies of the two
younger children were found under the
shelter of the shelving rock, while that of
the oldest was found about ten feet distant.
The bodies were also slightly injured by
the crows.
The bodies were' carefully carried to the
hamee of their parents, and were during
the day visited by hundreds of neighbors
all of whom recognized in the corpses be
fore them the three lost children whose
disappearance has caused such an excite
ment.
It is now quite evident that all suspi
cions against, the parents of murder were
without foundation, while aithe same time
it is somewhat strange that, after the dili
gent searches made for the children, and
the large rewards offered for their recove
ry, they should be feu id within a distance
of two.miles fto{ri their home.
In the Senate of • : : on Wednes
day, the memorial asking Congress to
submit 'the Female' Suffrage Amend
ment to the State Legislature was tabled
-hy the casting vote of the Lieutenant
Oovernor..
In the Senate , of New Jersey, yester
day, the. bill appointing Board of
.Pollpe 'Commissioners for Newark 'was
passed is' third reading ''llie",johit
resolution rejecting the Suffrage amend
ment, was made the order for Monday
next.
LATE OF ADVEHTLSINO
Bream losnurrimoiperns, VA. Alm re
MuLS9 / 10 11.1 2 . *IN Att. Yrit Wk.
UM%
the Ind. and emus tor each subsequent tn.
Insertion. • . •
CIETCI2I.&i, ADYJIBTISIIRO,7.Oents a lino for tbo
first, and 4 cents for oath subsequent Inger.
,
EIPMZEAL ttIYTICIIN 1111110Ctad. in L<%tai 011aZani
15 °opt& Par ' 7
Or*Mei "Nom= primbeafror marriages sad
~ deaths. 10 .oents per line for first paserttost.
'slid Cr ovals for every subsequent tosertiOti.
. .
Lama. /um trrzuoi Itevrtnisi-•
=Motors ' 160
Administrators' 2 en
Assignees' notices. -. 260
AndLtors' 700:
• r
Other "Notices; ton Itnes,.or teak
three ...... 00
Jere illnelVs Leiter to Attorney General
Mr. Mee" Eute. onelLate Secretary
Stan
Wasnixerrort, Jan. 18, 1870.
Hon. E. R. Haan, Attorney GeneraL
Sin : I was not present in court yester
day to hear your remarks on Mr. Stanton,
but today I was shown a newspaper report
of them, which I presume to be perfectly
accurate. The folloWing paragraph has
struck mo with surprise :
But it is not of the lawyer, eminent as, he
was in the science and practice of the law,
that men chiefly think as they 'remember
him. His service to mankind was on a
higher and wider field. Ile was appointed
Attorney General by Mr. Buchanan on the
20th of December, 1860, in one of the dark
est hours of the country's history, when the
Union seemed crumbling to pieces, without
an arm raised for its support; when, .with
out the public counsels was' doubting, and
within were fears; when feebleness and
treachery wore uniting to yield whatever
defiant rebellion might demand and good
men everywhere were ready to despair of
the republic. For ten weeks of that winter
of national agony and shame, with patriot
, ism that never wavered and courage that
never quailed, this true American, happily
not alone, stood manfully at his peat " tor
tween the living and the dead,", gave what
nerve he could to timid and trembling im
becility and met the secret plotters of their
country's ruin with an undaunted front
until before that resolute presence the de
mons of treason and civil discord appeared
In their own shape, as at the touch of Rhu
dere spear, and fled baffled and howling
away.
This statement was carefully and delib
erately written down before you delivered
it. You spoke for the American bar as Its
organ and official head, and you addressed
the highest tribunal in the world, knowing
that your words were to go upon its records
and there remain earever. I take it for
granted, under thesq circumstances, that
uo earthly temptation could make you
deffeet a hair's breadth from the facts as
you understand and believed them. The
inevitable conclusion la thatyou musthave
in your possession or within. your reach
some evidence which convinces you-that
what you said is, the truth, and nothing but
the truth. lam sure you will excuse me
for raking you to say what that evidence la.
The paper I have transcribed from your
address sounds like the authoritative sum
mary of a historian, as ho closes the most
interesting chapter of his book. You can
hardly consider the curiosity impertinent
that prompts an American citizen 'to in
quire what your Judgment is founded upon.
Besides, I have some friends whose repu •
tatlon is deeply involved in the affairs you
pronounce upon with so much confident*.
Moreover, I have a personal concern in
your remarks, for lam ono of Mr. Stanton's
colleagues, and am as liable as any of them
to be taken on your statement for ono of
the "secret plotters of their country's ruin."
Bo pleased, therefore, to give mo the infor
mation I seek.
Do you find on the records of your office
anything which shows that Mr. Stanton
was in violent or dangerous conflict
with "demons of treason and civil dis
cord," or any other description of de
mons? Did Mr. Stanton himself over lay
claim to the heroic character you ascribe
to him or declare that he had performed
those prodigious feats of courage while ho
was in Mr. Buchanan's cabinet ? Has any
other person who was in a condition to
know the facts ever given you that version
of them which you repeated to the court?
If yes, who are the witnesses? What par
ticular danger was he exposed to which
tested his valor, and made his " undaunted
front" a thing so wonderful in the descrip
tion of it? Whose feebleness and treachery
was it that united to yield whatever defiant
rebellion might demand?" and how did
Mr. Stanton's courage dissolve the combi
nation or defeat its purposes?
You say that for; ten weeks "he stood
manfully at his post, between the living
and the dead." Now, when the first law
officer of the United Statea addressed the
Supreme Court on a special occasion, and
after elaborate preparation, ho is presumed
to mean something by what he says. How
is this to be understood? You certainly
did not intend to assert merely that he
stuck to his commission as long as he could
and gave it up only when he oouldnot holp
it. Standing manfully at a post of any kind,
and especially when the stand is made "be
tween the living and the dead," has, doubt
less, a deep significance, if ono could but
manage to find out what it is. Who woro
the dead and who were the living? and
how did it happen that Mr. Stanton got be
tween them? What business had ho be
tween them, and why did he stay there for
ten weeks? These questions you can easily
answer, and the answer is needed; for, in
the meantime, conjectural interpretations
are very various and some of them injuri
ous to the dead and hying aforesaid, as well
as to Mr. Stanton, who, according to your
representation, stood between thorn.
I can comprehend the well worn simile
of Ithuriol's spear, but I do not see what on
earth was the use of it unless you thought
it ornamental and original, for you mike
Mr. Stanton by his mere presence, and
without a spear, do what Ithuriel himself
could not do with the aid of that powerful
instrument. The angel with the spear
compelled a demon to lay 'aside his dis
guise, while a mortal man dealt with many
demons, and not only made them all ap
pear in their proper shape, but drove them
" baffled and howling away " out of his
"resolute presence." Ido not object to
this because the figures are mixed or be
muse It is an extravagant outrage on good
taste; the custom of the times allows men
who make eulogies on their political friends
to tear their rhetoric into rags; and if you
like the tatters you are welcome to flaunt
them. But I call your attention to it in
the hope that you will talk like a man of
this world, and give us in plain, or at least
Intelligible prose, a particular account of
the very importanti transactions to which
you refer, together with the attendant cir
cumstances. I eupposoyouhaveno thought
of being taken literally; your description
of Mr. Stanton conjuring demons is only a
metaphorical way you have of saying that
he frightened certain bad men. I beg you
to tell me who they were and how ho
scared them.
I repeat that you are not charged, and, in
my opinion, could not be justly charged,
with the great sin of fabricating statements
like these. You have, no doubt, seen or
heard what you regard as sufficient proof
of thorn. What I fear is, that you have
been misled by the false accounts which
partizan writers have invented, not to honor
Mr. Stanton, but to slander otters.
If you had known the truth concerning
his conduct while he was Attorney General
and told it simply, you might have done
great honor ep his memory. He was at
that time a regular. built, old fashioned.,
democratic Union saver. He believed in
the constitution as the fundamental law of
the land, as the bulwark of the public lib
erty, and as the only bond by which the
States could be rightfully held together.—
He regarded his official oath as a solemn
covenant with God and his country, never
to be violated under any circumstances;
and he had a right wholesome contempt
for that corrupt code of morality which
teaches that oaths are not binding upon the
rulers of a free country which they find it
inconsistent with their interest to keep
them. Ho uniformly behaved with "mod
est stillness and humility," except when
hisopinion was asked and thenhe
spoke with becoming defference to oth
ers. And from that part of his life at
least, you might by telling it truly,
have derived a "lofty lesson" indeed, but
this quiet, unpretending, high principled,
Democratic gentleman is converted by your
maladroit oratory into s hectoring bully of
the abolition school, rampaging through
tho White House and around the depart.;
ment, trying to frighten people with -big
looks. es
)I* ln
I beseeech you to re-examine :au
thorities. If you still think them s sut
to sustain you, I cannotdoabt your wi g
ness to communicate them for the scrutiny
of others who are interested. If, on the
contrary, you shall be satisfied that you
have made a great mistake, then, Justice to
all parties, and especially to the subject of
your well meant but unfortunate eulogy,
requires some amends to be made. It will
be for you to say whether you will or will
not ask the court for leave to withdraw that
part of your speech froarthe record.
.r. S. BLACK.
lee Business in Milne
The Gardiner (Me.) Reporter says: "The
prospect of a short ice crop in the section
south has created great activity in prepara
tions for gathering on the Kennebec, and a
large number of persona are making
arrangements to go into the business.
Every available place on the river from
that city to within three miles of Richmond
is said to be engaged for storehouses and an
immense business Is to be the result. The
old companies—Cheeseman, Knickerbock
er, Kennebeck Land and Lumber Company
and Marshall & McCausland—will 1111 their
houses, making an aggregate amount of
abontloo,ooo tons. The Kennebeck Ice Com
pany have erected two houses on the Coburn
place in Pittston, and have laid the alga for
two more, and will store about 20,000 tons.
Mr. Charles Wait has contracted to deliver
20,000 tons to parties in Philluielphis. It is
to be stacked in the open air until ready for
shipment. Ile will cut it a few miles above
Richmond. Five or six other companissi
composed ofparties in Gardiner, are making
arrangements to enter• the business, who
will probably cut nearly 100,000 tonsin all."
The President yesterday signed the
bill authorizing the Passport Clerk at
the State Department to administer
oaths in applications for passports.
The Governor of Wyoming Territory
was before the Indian Committee of the
Senate yesterday, trying to procure the
ratiticatitm of the Sioux treaty, 'so that
the Sioux may be removed , 'tenni l‘thi)
lands they now occupy, comprising
about one-fourth of the Territory.