Lancaster intelligencer. (Lancaster [Pa.]) 1847-1922, October 27, 1869, Image 2

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    WEDNESDAY, bffT.’ffrMff 9 -
Al«r«w u ®J*9W i . • a _
It seems flirt the newly etected Sena
tors for Virginia are “satlsaetojy^the
Grant Administration." The Inquiry
Is no igpger made whether a; United
States: Senator be capable, or,: whether
he has the best Interests of the country
at heart ; if he promises!*) be “sat&fao
tory" to the party in power at Wash
ington no otherqualiflcation Is requisite.
This may appear , strange to many of
our readers who stllladhere to the opin
ion that a State has the right to choose
its own representatives to the National
Congress, whether they belong to the
same political party as the President, or
to one which entertains different viewß
respecting the administration of Nation
al affairs. Ours, however, is proclaimed
to be a progressive age, and inquiry is
therefore no longer made respecting the
purity, integrity, or honesty of a Sena- 1
tor—itis only asked “is he satisfactory
to the party in power?”
The so-called statesmen of the Re
publican party, under the leadership of
the astonishing Grant, have introduced
this new and heretofore unthought of
qualification as requisite when United
States Senators apply for admission to
the seats to which they have been elect
ed by their State Legislatures. The peo
ple are nothing; the States are nothing;
the law is nothing; the Constitution is
nothing. If the Bepublican Adminis
tration at Washington is “satisfied ” all
iff right. So matters now are, but to a
short time the powers of the Executive
at Washington will doubtless be in
creased. The greatDemocratlcStateof
New York, or the rich growing Demo
cratic State of California may elect Sen
ators to represent them at Washington
who will prove "unsatisfactory.” What
is to be done then ? The party now in
power will endeavor to increase the
powers of their President so that such
“unsatisfactory” statesmen shall not
be admitted to the Senate.
So it is whenever a party despises the
wise limitations, of the Constitution.
Without any guide such a party must
inevitably be led astray andthe final re
sult must be anarchy or despotism. The
inquiry whether a SenatoragreSs or dis
agrees politically with the President and
his Cabinet is consequently an insolent
species of assumption which should hot
be tolerated in a free Republic, and all
Republicans who wish their party 10
prosper, and who desire to render
Grant’s administration popular should
stigmatize such Impudent inquiries in
the mostjpositive manner.
Io Bo Exposed.
It is contemplated to contest the elec
tion of Geary. Not because any hope is
entertained of persuading the Radical
Legislature to oust him, even should
it be made as clear as day that he did
not receive amajority of the votes cast;
but it should be done in order that the
people of the State may be shown how
men may be counted into office when
they have not been voted in ; if we al
low time and again Boards of Radical
Return Judges to return majorities for
their friends which they have not re
ceived, we must give up all hope of ever
carrying an election. Although it does
not seem possible for us to prevent our
being cheated, it is at least our duty to
proveto the people of the State that
their suffrage is not fairly counted and
that it is their election officers, and not
they themselves, who elect their Gover
nors. It is to be hoped, that if this is'
clearly proved to them, the people of
the Stftto will not consent to endure it,
and will move in a body, ic nccceo**y,
to prevent it. At present,elections seem
to bo a farce, as the ballots cast have no
influence upon the result. Voting by
Democrats is merely “ vanity and vex
ation of spirit,” and it is time for us to
determine that it shall be something
else.
Uon. George Sanderson.
.Last week, Hon. George Sauderson,
who for ten years past has held the po
sition of Mayor of Lancaster, retired
from office. During that long
period he was elected annually. Seldom
in this country has any man been able
to command a renomination and a re
election to an important office for so
many successive terms ; and we are sure
that no higher evidence can be adduced
to show the esteem in which Mr. San
derson has always been held by his fel
low-citizens. In the discharge of the
arduous duties of his office, he exhibited
ability of a very high order, and gaye
constant ovidence of the most unim
peachable integrity of character. A
scrupulously honest man, impartial in
all his rulings and actions, courteous
and affable,dignified in the discharge of
his public duties as well os in private life,
a true Christian and a perfect gentle
man, he retires from office respected
and esteemed by the entire community.
The kindest wishes of a host of warm
friends will follow him into the retire
ment to which he goes, with the full
and pleasing confidence of a long lino
of public duties faithfully and consci
entiously discharged.
Brewster Tlco Brewster,
Ae will be seen by the correspondence
in another column, Judge Brewster of
Philadelphia, has been appointed At
torney General in place of Hon. Beuj.
H. Brewster who seems to be very un
ceremoniously displaced. This appoint
ment furnishes significant evidence of
the truth of the charges made in the
Philadelphia papers that an under
standing was had with Judge Brewster
that he should be thus rewarded for his
decision iu the contested election cases.
It is very scandalous if it is true that
the Judge was influenced by such a
consideration, in the discharge of the
duties of his office. That it is true there
seems to be abundant reason to believe;
it will be noticed that the ex-Attorney-
General intimates it in his letter to
Geary. The correspondence showß
Geary to stand as an accomplished liar,
on tbe very pinnacle of fame.
It is believed that at the next session
of Congress the national banking act
will receive a thorough overhauling
and that greater restrictions will be im
posed upon the banks. Some of them
especially in the large cities, are known
to have violated the act of Congress to
such an extent as to warrant the Secre
tary of the Treasury in taking away
their charters. No action, however,
will be taken until Congress meets,
when the whole question will be open
ed up by petitions from merchants and
others;who have suffered from thecon
duct of the banks in usiDg their funds
for speculative purposes.
Alexander Cummings, formerly of
the Evening Bulletin and New York
World will Shortly commence the pub
lication atjOLk and Chestnut streets,Phil
adelphia, of a new morning newspaper
independent in politics aud to be called.
“ The Bay, 11 We fear it will prove a
short lived “ Day ” like the winter day
on which it will be born. Alexander’s
experience in starting the “ World 11
as a religious Daily does not afford an
auspicious augury of the success of his
present enterprise. We however wish
him success, as a bold, independent and
able paper is sadly needed in Philadel
phia. i
Boutwell is determined to defeat
Hamilton for Governor of Texas. Hiß
lost effort in that direction is in the
shape of an order directing the removal
of. ©very man under the authority of
the Treasury Department in that State,
who supports Hamilton. The Radical
administration has one consolation;
when it finds the people are against it,
..then it opens the .flood-gates of patron
age and monejq and stifles the majority. •
the
' Itifl very evident that the editor of
the Express is not a lawyer, and It la as
clearly evident thathehas not consulted
any-'Sensible lawyer .iff regard to the
proper interpretatioii of the latest
amendment to, J^tOity^harter.'S-The"
bill can be found.on page>462 of thq
pamphlet laws 0f1P69. It is so awk
wardly drawn ?s unintel
ligible In some rrtpects'f.buf it Is. ■very,
clear to any man of ordinary sagacity
that, either Intentionally or by mis
take, it repeals that clause of the act of
1867, by which «*« term of theMavorof
thiß city was extended from one to two j
ye&rs and enacts that be shall be elect
ed “ annually, The second section of
the act ;Of~ -1889;:- which-ls-also
a repeating - clause; broadly de
clares, that the Mayor; with , certain
otter officers ” ehaUhercafter be elected
ANOTAXiny, on the Second Tuesday of -
October.’” Thiß declaration of the law
Is unrestricted .and. unqualified, so far
as the office of Mayor ds concerned by
anything which follows, and it must
therefore stand in fall force and effect
until • repealed by ' another act of the
legislature., That such will be the
opinion of any sound lawyer, and u»
interpretation given to this act by any
Court" in the State, theta, can not be
even the shadow of a doubt; ,
The attempt of the Express to set up
the pretense that,the plain and unmis
takable declaration'of the Second Sec
tion in regard to the election of a Mayor
“ annually,” is overriden by Section 3d,
must be regardedns ridiculously absurd,
not only by every lawyer in the city,
buitby any manofsound common sense.
The 3d Section.provides as follows:
“That the qualified Electors of said cor
poration -shall, on the Second Tuesday of
October 1869; elect a citizen duly qualllied
to the office of Mayor of said corporation.
That Is every word relating to the
office of Mayor which can be found in
the 3d section, from which the Express
pretends to derive authority for the ab
surd assertion that Mr. Atlee has been
elected for three years, instead of for
one, as the 2d section of this latest city
charter expressly and unequivocally
declares he shall be and is.
The balance of section 3d ielates ex
clusively to Select Couneilmen and
enumerates the terms and periods for
which they shall be elected in the dif
ferent Wards. The clause immediately
following the onerelatingto the Mayor
which we have quoted reads as follows:
The electors of the Second, Sixth and
Eighth Wards shall each elect one person,
duly qualified, to the office of Select Coun
cilman, and the persona so elected shall
each hold said office for the term of three
years.”
It is on the conclusion of the above
clause that the Express rests its absurd
pretense that Mr. Atlee was elected
Mayor for three years. The silliness
of the suggestion is too apparent to
admit of an argument. The clause
of the 3d section relating to Select
Councllmen is separated from that
relating to the Mayor, and the term
of years set up by it*as a limit cannot by
any torture of interpretation be made to
apply to any other officer or .officers
than to thoao whom it expressly names
—the Select Councilmen chosen in the
Second, Sixth and Eighth Wards. :*The
balanee of the section fixes the terms
for which Select Councilmen were
elected in the other Wards, and does
nothing else or more. It' does , not
touch the case of the Mayor,, or-in any
Imit the p eeplng ftOfect of Sectioned,
iates to Select Councilmen.
jhe Mayor and members
Council to bo elected
1 That is the plain and un
letter of the law, and there
in the act from beginning
to end that can bear any other inter
pretation. 'ircxi ueiouef j.ur. wunain
Augustus Atlee will have to go before
the people again for are-election. The
law so provides, and the law must be
obeyed.
Attempt to Count Oat Another Demo-
cratic Senator.
Circumstances alter cases, and alter
them vastly wheh Radical politicians
come to deal "with election returns. In
this county the Board of Return Judges
counted returns of the most manifestly
imperfect character, receiving two un»
signed documents as sufficient and legal.
In Somerset county, on the coutrary,
the Radical Return Judge not only re
fused to conntthe returns from a Demo
cratic district, on account of a slight
informality,'but peremptorily declined
to adjourn over long enough to enable a
correct return to be procured from the
election officers. The object of their
action was to defeat the will of the peo
ple of the Senatorial District, a majority
of whom cast their votes for the Demo
cratic candidate, Hiram Findlay, Esq.
That-Mr. Findlay was legally elected,
there seems to be no doubt among hon
est men of any party, and we can
scarcely conceive it possible that his
opponent, Edward Scull, Esq., will
seriously contest the matter. We know
Mr. Soull, and have always regarded
him as a man of honor and integrity.
We cannot, therefore, believe that he
will countenance so barefaced a wrong
as that which is suggested by the action
of a majority of the Return Judges of
Somerset county.
Since the above was written a more
full account comes to us from the Har
risburg Patriot. We publish it else
where.
Briefless lawyers Provided For.
\ There must be a great dearth of legal
business among the Radical lawyers of
Lancaster. One, Wm. Aug. Atlee Esq.,
who was recently District Attorney,
has abondoned practice for the meagre
salary attached to the Mayor's Office ;
another, Gen. Joseph W. Fisher, who
has just served a term in the State
Senate, has soughtrand obtained tbe
exalted position of Clerk to the Mayor;
a third, Capt. J. K. Rutter, has been
promoted to the exceedingly elevated
position of Chief of Police; a fourth the
wonderfully acute aud intelligent car
pet-bagger from York County, J. W.
Johnson Esq., promises to grow still
thinner in purse and person, as City
Solicitor, on the meagre salary of a
hundred dollars a year; a fifth, the
youthful orator wilh the tragic air and
Websterian brow, was defeated in his
lofty aspirations of Clerk of the Select
Council.
Verily the law must have proved a
hard as well as jealous mistress to these
fellows. Why didn’t they turn their
attention to some mechanical pursuit?
They need not have failcd.at house car
pentering, blacksmithing, tailoring, or
shoemaking, as they have done at law,if
they hadpossessed the requisite amount
of industry. It is surprising how in
this world the round pins do struggle
to get into the square holes, and how
the square pins do wriggle in a vain at
tempt to force themselves into round
holes. Such is human life, as illustra
ted by the gaug of greedy, needy and
briefless barristers, who are now trying
toeke out a scanty subsistence with the
petty spoils of office to bo gleaned un
der our municipal government.
RUMORS come froto Washington that
the United States Senate is preparing
to put a Bpoke in 3VIr. Robeson’s wheel,
and will refuse to confirm his appoint*
ment. It is held by Pennsylvanians
that their State was entitled to a Cabi
net officer, and they Insist that their
wishes shall be consulted in the matter.
Delano ii ‘ engaged getting up
revenue statistics from the beginning of
hisadministratton to contrast with those
of Cammisslonerßoliins, hla pre'decest
sor, ■: Delano’s unpopularity is daily In
creasing, mid strenuous efforts will be
madenextwluterfprhisremoval.Busi
ness meri pf asses complain (utterly
;
.AJSTOA.ST-]
The wonderful sag acityof the Radical
Legislature of last-winter, and the pene.
trating acuteness of the nmdemlWlonf
who represented the gre« Counjy ofj
Lancaster in that body, is.itbunpintlyj
evidenced by .the lastamendmentto the
charlerJSf thlaqity. -It is TOChapleceo?
-absurd fctiindering fs] wonlq disgrace d
set of school hoys who might
at legislation! yAjhongother.tljJiigsdt
absolutely annihilates the School Board
of this city,''-legislating twenty-four
members out of office, and leaving less
than the smallest number which.
constitutes a quorum for the transaction
of the most unimportant business. The ■
Second Section of the act displaces all
exceplL._ ; the_ twelve-members iwho.
Were, priginaily. elected, ip serve three
years, and the Fifth Section provides
that those elected on tho second Tues
day of October, shall hot be sworn Into
office-until the first ‘Thursday of the
•following November. .Thtsleayes the,
School Board wlthoutalegal existence,,
the. act of April 1864, which Stands un
repealed, declaringfbat thirteen mem-;
bars shall constitute a quorum for all'
business except the levying-of taxes,
the election of teaehershnd thesale of.
real estate, for whiob. purposes not less
than twenty Is required to make up a
quorum. Thus It .vr>U ‘be seen that the
city or Lancaster, with over twenty-six
hundred school children and fifty-five
teachers is without a legally constituted
Schpol Board. 1,
The President and Secretary have
both been summarily legislated out of
office, ; and there can be no election of
offlcersuntil after the first Thursday of
November. 1 Tho Board is in effect dis
solved, and dead to all intents and pur
poses.' No act can be done by the twelve
directors who hold over. The schools
may run on without, superintendence,
but there is no governing power left
and'no meaus of meeting any emergen*,
cy which may arise between this and
the first Thursday of next month.
The committees are nearly all broken
up, there being but one member of the
Finance Committee in office, but one of
the Superintending Committe, but one
of the Vißttlng Committee of the Nort
heast Division, but two of the Visiting
Committee of the Southeast Division,
and Done of the Northwest Division.
All the functions of the School Board
must necessarily cease until the first
Thursday of next month. Not a legal
warrant can be drawn, not a bill paid,
not a teacher discharged or employed
no act of any kind done.
Here is a beautiful state of affairs
truly. This is what comes of repeated
tampering for partisan purposes with
our City Charter, by a Bet of ignorant
politicians, who have not brains enough
The numerous acts of special legislation
in regard to ibis city liave gotten our
affairs in a terrible muddle, aDd the
Radicals themselves, perceiving it, are
abusing each other for the enactment
of these many supplementary laws,
each one striving to shoulder the re
sponsibility for them upon some one
else. "We have no School Board, as we
showed the other, day. ' The terms °f
all the officers elected by councils, ex
cept City Treasurer,, have expired and
the councils cannot fill their places, be
cause the day fixed by ordinance for
their election—the first Wednesday
after the city election—has passed.—
Then we had another set of Assessors
elected this fall under the supplement to
the city law, an election which was ex
pressly forbidden by the general law*
So we have persons claiming that the
Mayor has been elected for two years,
and others that be has been elected
for three years, although we think
it clear that he has been elected for
but one year. To be sure it don’t
make much difference how long the
people have said he shall be their
Mayor, since the Legislature will
be invoked to continue him in of
fice “it may be for years and it may be
for everwe rather expect to see him
legislated in for the term of his natural
life, and we are not free from apprehen
sion that he will be given the power to
name his successor in his Willi This
absurd claim that he has been legally
elected for two or three years is just in
tended to prepare our citizens for such
an extension of his term by the Legisla-
LUlOf aa lu. J_tauioaio upeufj uu33f
their iutention to accomplish. They
say that Mr. Atlee is elected Mayor for
two years under Sec. S 4 of the act of ISG7
which provides that: “ The qualified
voters of the city of Lancaster shall
on tho first Friday in May, ISG7,
and on the first Friday in May in
every second year thereafter, elect one
disoreet person to serve as Mayor of the
_ , _ said city, for tho term of two years, and
Altering the Wording or tlic law. unUl h f 3 ' BUCCeßsor BhaU be appointed.”
The Express states what is positively BIU th[a aeotion ia manifestly repealed
false when it charges us with omitting fay sectioll of tbe Supplementary Act
the first clause of section 2nd of the 0 p jsC9, which says, that so much of the
new amendment to the City Charter. aet of 18G7i •• 33 provides for the election
We gave it word for word, as it appears Q f certain officers therein named,” be
in the pamphlet laws. The editor of repealed . and a q officers provided by
the Express must be more than stupid ; Baid aotJ;o be eleoted on 9ai d days, “shall
he must be blind not to have seen it, as heroafter be e ] eo ted annually, on the
it was regularly set out in the article he Becond Tuesda „ of October.”
undertakes to criticise, in typo such as Qar construction of tbis sectiou i3Sup .
we always use, to distiuquish quoted ported by tbeotb section,which is asfol
from original matter. We not only f OW9: . B ecti o nGth. That the name of ths
gave tho exact wording of the act, but together with all the other offl
the punctuation also. T hat the Express ided b thiß act , t 0 be elected
does not do. The first clause which an J all on the Becond Taesday of oo
speaks of ho Mayor is divided from the be written or printe d on one
clause relating to the Meet Council- ticke J rate , from tbo state and
men by a semi colon. Thetwoclauses ty offlce rs; said llok#t ahall be
both of which we quoted with perfect ~ offlcera ,n aud aha ll be
correctness as to wording and punctna- d Ued iu a box provided specially
1 1 1 , r for that purpose.” Here it is clearly
“ That tho qualified electors of said cor- . , , , .., , r
poration shall, on the 2nd Tuesday of Oc- provided that tho name of the Mayor
tober, 1809, elect a cilizeu duly qualified to j 8 t 0 be printed on every ticket for city
offloers, and wo presume it will hardly
Wards shall each elect one person duly be argued that it ia to be printed there
qualified to tho office of Select Councilman, merely as an ornament or to give dig
and tho persons so elected shall each hold / ~ .. , , . ~ . K .
said office lbr the term of throe years.” to ticket, it is to be p
The Express ia guilty of a decidedly there annually, because a Mayor is to be
diaiDgenuuus trick in its article of yes' elected annually.
terday. It puts inasemioolonaftertbe Some extremely foolish Repu loans
words “Select Councilmen” in the say that section 3rd makes the Mayor s
above quotation, when there is only a term three years. That section provides,
commain the actof assembly. That is a “That the qualified electors of said cor
very small piece of forgery, but it shows poration shall, on the 2nd Tuesday o
what the editor of.the Express js capa- October, ISGO, electa citizen duly qua 1-
ble of doing when hard up. The design iet^to the °^i ce °f Mayor of said c ° r PO"
of this trick is transparent. It was ration; the electorsoftheSecond, Six
done to sustain the forced and ridicu- and Eighth Wards shall each electone
lous claim that the third section of person duly qualified to the office of
this bungling act controlled and over- Select Councilmau ; and the persons
ruled the Second Section which dis- so elected shall each hold said office for
tinctly declares that the Mayor “shall the term of three yearsand then goes
hereafter be elected aunually.” When on to provide that the Select Council
the Express is forced to resort to a falsi- men for the lst 5 3rt * shall hold
fication of the reading of the law to sus- office for two years, and those of t e
tain its position its case must be deeper- 5th i 9tll foroue y ear * Tlie word
ate indeed. The truth is as we have “ office,” which we have italicised clear
stated, that Mr. Atlee was only elected can refer to but one kind of office,
for one year according to the law, and and that mu9t be the office name im
there is not a Republican lawyer of any immediately before it, viz: that of Select
intelligence in Lancaster who will not .Councilman; it is impossible that it
agree with us. If the editor of the Ex - refers-to tbeMajqr’s office,named in the
press wants to be informed,let him con- first clause.
suit some reputable member of the bar our Epical friends are going to
who agrees with him in politics, and he Harrisburg to repeal the provision
will be speedily convinced that we are which elects their Mayor for but one
right and that ho is all wrong. And, y^ r » we be *>' to call their atb?utlon to
hereafter when he undertakes to quote fc hq 7th sectiou of this supplement,
law let him do bo without altering either which we thint the * will be readily
the wording or the punctuation. convinced sadly needs repealing. The
Mayor is sure it ought to be wiped from
statute book ; now, he will give
Virginia U. S. Senators this business to Alderman (?) Fisher,
Lieutenant Governor John F. Lewis who cau charge*full fees and give him
and Judge J. W. Johnson have been his half. It reads as follows:
to see the most glaring absurdities in
any crude piece of special legislation
they may take it into their heads to get
up. Such bills as this last amendment
to the Charter of Lancaster city are
rushed through the Legislature under
the spur of party drill, withont time
being ailowed for an examination of
their merits or defects. It behooves all
good citizens to set their faces against
all such special legislation. It is per
nicious aud dangerous, being tl\e out
growth of a course of action radically
wrong and full of perils. When special
legislation can be had for the asking,
and when any ignorant Ward politician
can rush to Harrisburg with a crude
bill repealing or changing a city charter
in his pocket, and have such a bill hur
riedly pushed through both houses, and
signed by an ignorant and subservient
Governor without reading, the rights
and the property of the citizens are nec
essarily jeopardized. The people of
Lancaster have had more thap Mmn»Vi
ui sucti legislation. -Let there be an end
of it forever. Let every good citizen set
his facesternly againstit. No temporary
partisan advantage can compensate for
the risks which are thus run. That no
greater evils have resulted than those
we have already encountered is more
due to luck than to good management or
wisdom.
elected to represent Virginia in the U. “3 ec# 7, from and after the pas-
S. Senate. They were both Union men aage of this act, the Mayor or any other
duriDg the war, have been Conservative oflicer receiving a salary from the city,
since and wiil represent the native pop- shall not receive more than one*half of
ulatioh of the State. The Radicals any fees from the county' of Lancaster
voted for Alexander Sharpe, a brother- for the arresting and committing for
in-law of Grant, and for L. P. Cham- vagrancy, drunkenness and disorderly
bers. The election was .decided by a conduct, and no fees for cases dismissed
strict party vote. on account of no cause of action.”
■«- • That chicken has come home to roost.
Wendell Phillips does not seem General Joe Fisher still insists that
to think much of the recent Radical he is an Alderman, but how he makes
victories in Ohio and Pennsylvania. In it out is still a mystery to us. It is clear
this week’s Anti-Slavery Standard he that under the law we can have but one
says, very pointedly: Alderman in each Ward. It is equally
Meanwhile the strength of the opposition clear that Mahlon Mercer is an Alder
v°te shows thnt the administration has noi man in the First Ward, his term not
satisfied the country. Its friends- have ral- .-iio-a mu rf „ . •.
lied and secured another year of grace; The expiring until 1870. The ~d section of
elections of 1870 will turn more directly on the supplement-which vacates the
the issue whether the Republican party has of o fn Q f. c jtv officers that ex
fulfilledj the national expectation. -InoUr 7 '™\ v?•
opinion, unless -the administration; files a pir6 In 1870, on the .second Wednesday
better record during the coming year than after the second Tuesday of October,
aw! *.
ignominious .defeat, .By.smaU majorities, an Alderman because his term endures
alter almost incredible effort, we,, have just fop five years by. a provision of-the Con
aaved the two great States-Pennsylvanla ... ~ >1 ' 1 , -
'and:.Ohio: any Slight untoward accident stitution...Does the General expect to
pven, would have lost ttiem. His poor: de- take.bia commission out next May,at
tho end of Airman Mercer’s five
sitient’s reputation. He and his Cabinet 'yeardT But then there- ispo proyisipn
■must earji tKe.fature. , i;; •. ; in the law forflUing at the late election
'Phillips isfifanatic,-but no fool ; and a vacancy occurring next May,.and the
what hb says aboVelias real point, lihyor’s proclamation, which is direct-
TII^TIEILIuIGKEIE*CEB. "W^EP]
Bain-" w- . • • • ' 1 " i ■ i
Greeley sayß in a letter to
yt* THden:
be
of.electkjn^:
is toed thafiftfl
determined bj
dn&t&en the‘'iidyebtbS2Wfe & _
caßieSiotiam toast bfcjhaßSa* .- ,
•tween rule of an emperonpiyithe ..
jof a digue of baOot- bd* staftoe,^eTary;ln
honesfdtizeSs ahairayold the. polte, ask
ing “What la the use of voting? Tbe re
sult la already fixed,” the days ef the Be--
DnbUo will be numbered. Between a ruler
who prohibits voting altogether and the
cane.jrhO-jnaka.it a sham by-filling the
ballot-boxes with Illegal Votes, or mis
counting lh°sc thf>
theformerla eyerywaypreferable. .
We agree with Mr. Greeley, and the
gigantiefraudsperpetratedbythe Bad
icals lead usitp believe that the sad time
predicted by the philosopher of the Tri
bune ia ndt'far distant. 1 We'have seen
jnany Democrats unjustly deprived of
their, seats in Congress, and in other
elective bodies, by the grossest abuse of
arbitrary power on 'the part of the ma
jority: • This violation of the right of
thepeopleto determine who' shall rep
resent them has debauched PUblioopln
ion, and emboldened.Badical return
judges to- perpetrate Buoh outrages as
were committed in this State .at the re
centelectibn.. Thepeople already begin
;to feel that there is.little use forthem to
attempt to reform matters by an appeal
to the ballot box. Ithaseometopassin
Pennsylvania that members of the Re
publican party who pass ,for good citi
zens will laugh at any eleotion fraud as
a good joke. The degeneracy which is
thus exhibited is one of tbe saddest signs
of the times, and there seems to be little
hope that it will be remedied. Even our
Courts are no longer above suspicion,
and such exhibitions of partisanship as
we recently saw displayed by the bench
in Philadelphia are calculated to destroy
all confidence in the integrity of an elec
tion judiciary. The present is bad
enough, but the future, with unlimited
suffrage, gives promise of worse to come.
Well may Mr. Greeley Bound a note of
warning.
TheOltj to a Muddle,
the filling of the city offices, did not
nail for an election of Alderman in
First Ward. The General ~
ah excellent ACldennan Ar
that he
fioC
th(£mudafeito
which the city haagot, because of these*
acts of special ieg®Oon passed
he-was in the Senate. Hefnighthaye
hilled them as we earnestly advised him
-to dOJipnd as he solemnly promised ns
he would; but he did not and must
take-hdFuU -share- of -responsibly ty-for
them. _ • ~ ■ —r-
. -- - .-I'----'; ~
t • _rHrasriit»siii-iir߀ai. ;
-r-cmnlgte »I«iilgMKtinfii*T<>gxg«g~
Govxhnor; ‘BxSp; J tn>oh£;
i
-• w
' B
W
COUNTIES.
Allegheny .........
Armstrong.........
Beaver
Bedford- 5
Berks
Blair-
Bradford.
Backs
Batler
Cambria
Cameron....
Carboy
Centre
Chester
Clarion;
Clearfield
Clinton' -
Columbia-
Crawford .....
Cumberland......
Dauphin;.;.........
Delaware
Elk
Erie ;
Payette-: ...
Franklin
Fulton
Forest ...
Greene ..
Huntingdon
Indiana.-
Jefferson
1830
1845
6107
3514
5660
3532
475
Juniata...,
Lancaster
Lawrence,
Lebanon
Lehigh
Luzerne
Lycoming
SJlKean
Mercer
Mifflin
Monroe
Montgomery,....
Montour
Northampton...
NorthumTd
Perry
Philadelphia....
Pike
Potter
Schuylkill
Snyder
Somerset
Sullivan
Susquehanna...
Tioga
Union
Venango—
Warren
Washington
Wayne..,..,
Westmoreland
Wyoming
York
Majorities
The President In league with the Gold
Gamblers
The evidence that General Grant was
in league with the gold gamblers is too
strong to he set aside by his mere denial
of the fact. In New York oity there ia
no well informed man who holds him to
be entirely blameless. The correspon
dent of the Philadelphia Age says
no longer denied anywhere to-day,
will! tbo constantly increasing evidence,
that the Radical administration of General
Grant is so thoroughly implicated in the
rts’§ c feYplknSß6ns l fnaSo f loy' pa?tfaan M
will no longer wipeout the all important
fact that there is corruption at headquarters
Whether General Grant knew or not what
was going on between his wife and that
arch scoundrel, Mr. Corbin, it can no longer
be denied that members of his larnily have
benefitted largely by knowing the secrets of
the Treasury Department, and that he him
self has been induced to appoint corrupt
men to office, who have helped the conspir
ators in the carrying out of their plana. Mrs.
Grant may not have received money direct
from Corbin, but she has had some valuable
real estatesituated in New Jersey conveyed
to her and the man who has acted as the
government agent here has been up to his
shoulders ia the pool, with a result some
what unfortunate to himself, but showing
fully how corrupt are the men who have
charge of government affairs under Grant’s
administration.
AN OFFICIAL EXPOSE
will ;bo brought oat next winter, when
Gen.;Bntier, in the House of Representa
tives, will move for a Committee of Inves
tigation to unearthen (hose hidden secrets,
which as yet he buried to the eye of the
most experienced reporter. In the mean
time the Grand Jury here are examining
witnesses, and Mr. Jay Gould, the man
who was tbe brains of tbe gold clique, was
on tbe stand this morning. It is said tbat
about fifty persons, more or less, connected
with tbe recent Wall street flurry, have
been subpoenaed.
The N. Y. Correspondent of,the Phil
adelphia Ledger says:
In Jaly last, on the strength of certain
information regarding tbe President’s
financial views, obtained from the Presi
dent himself, Gould purchased $1,700,000
Government bonds, on the joint account of
himself, Mr. Corbin, a Mr. Catherwood and
General Batterfield.
Corbin, at about.the eame time, informed
Gould that he bud* received a margin often
or twelve thousand dollars from General
Grant with which to carry $300,000 Govern
ment bonds, which were held-for the ac
counts of General Grant, as Corbin said, by
Messrs. Stone, Nichols & Stone, brokers
for Mr. Corbin.
The operation resulted in a loss of $50,-
000, after which the parties went in for a
turn in.n.. Aher direction, and this proved
succesafii. i.i./..ng $50,000 profit. One of
the lota purchased by Corbin
was $500,000, and when, the price touched
137. Corbin ordered it to be sold for the ac
count of Mrs. General Grant.
There are many other details that are
made to tell badly against Sub-Treasurers
Batterfield and Corbin, but yon have here
all that is alleged against tbe President.
Ia view of tbe recent letter of the latter to
Mr. Bonuer the whole matter would seem
to be narrowed down to a question of
veracity
“And, when the matter comes to be
fully investigated, the question of
veracity will bo decided against the
President. The evidences of his com*
plication are too numerous to be over
borne by his unsupported denial.
The Ohio legislature.
The Cincinnati Inquirer says 11 the
following is the political complexion of
the Senate of Ohio, without counting
Messrs. Goepper and Yoatman, who
were elected .on the (Reform ticket,
mainly by Democratic votes over the
regular Republican nominees:
Regular Democrats.'... 18
Regular Republicans '. 17
Couoiy Reformers, itlamilton cc.,)... -
These twolattergentlemen, therefore,
hold the balance of power, but it re
quires them both to give the Republi
cans the Senate on party questions. In
the House of Representatives there are
one or two members who are not defin
itely ascertained, but the following is
pretty certain to be its complexion :
Regular Democrats
Regular Republicans
County Reformers (Hamilton co.)
Total Jll
In this body, also, the county Reform
ers will have the balance of power. But
it will only require two of them to vote
with the Democrats to carry the major
ity to that Bide, while four will be ne*
cessary for the Republicans. The close
political character of this Legislature is
very similar to what it was in 1848-9,
when a couple of-Free-Soilers from the
Western Reserve, held the balance of
power, and exercised it by electing
Chase United States Senator, and by
giving the Democracy every thing else
of an important nature. - There is, in
this Legislature,, a guarantee,, also,
against any swindling, and unjust Con
gressional Apportionment, or perpetra
tion of any'outrageous Radicii acf.
The Official . Tote.
We J publish’ elsewhere the returns
sent lo the State Department at Harris
burg, and there registered as the official
result of . the 'Tecent election. They
comprise the fraudulent count in Phila
delphia; and elsewhere, and foot', up a
majority 'of 4,609 for Geary, and 8,661
for Williams. -.
y*!e Philadelphia jSundoy Dranacript has
jfKfollbwing severe and well merited oom«
ments upon the actios'of Judges Brewster
Allison; itaoearlfpt ihtooe its,words:
and turmoil in the comma-
Ifly ahoalgfrptEe atldwed
dmpnrfawfc#«rfMHmm i|f))Ued I
ionaf election cue. Thews ■
watlonaioncHoif, as tlfcy do,-the dearest
rights of people, should be well under*
atoodand iWrafajlfo
a^ion^for" ar nounced
might be conceded to be right, the most
•sroeht partisan will not and dare not assert
that this principle was applied impartially.
bo as to include ipreoincts of both political
jpurtjps. Thia W fl/unrflii -nndAmtond
and scrgeneraUy admitted, that'nothing
Butf case
that is neither known nor■ trnder-
jadicial^^ilWrallb'n' il and' when;
the facta are known, dladge ADIS ©hi Brews*
I ter and Parcel will receive, a* they deserve*
the contempt of svei£ hottest: man in the:
community. This isj3& ipflre. rhetoric, but I
the'statement* of A. , trptik which: has too!
long b&m, withheld from -the people., ,A.
simple narrative WBfbfest explain the case.
Daring ftrwdisbnesian'bdftie Jbdge Alllaon
la regard- to the Bohrd bf'Batnrn Judges'
and the actio a of-laentenant-Killaoky, the*
Jodge became greatly-excitedi and giving
fall vent to bis intense., partisanship, ram
moned his'colleagues together on Priday,
and announced hi^jpurpose..*to , have
I-the election oase at o’noe - decided. Then '
•came''the ;: fignring'ln order to save the
one side while it destroyed the other.
To daring the absence of'Judge
Ludlow, a well-known politician was- call*'
ed into the consultation, and his viewfe as
i certaiued in regard to the. probable result.
The Tenth Division of the. Nineteen th Ward
gave these Judges the most anxiety. They'
could not shnt their eyes to the'report of iW
i Republican' committee of r the legislature
considering the contest ■ between Thayer
and ..Greenback.' That' committee in em
phatic term**, :said: -■ “Without deciding
who .were, the proper officers at the election
di vision, it is sufficient for your committee
td.know from the- testimony", in this case,
that from the conduct of those holding the
election, and of their friends on the outside,
the voters in thi3 Division did not and could
not exercise their rights, and that no fair,
election was held.’ 1
e* •
M., .
>■-
g-
S'-
B r*
3003
12442
3077
’2391
2830
The legislative committee therefore threw
out of the count the 175 majority for Judge
Thayer. With this language staring them
in the face, couplediwith the action of the
committee: it ia not surprising that Judges
Brewster and Allison felt the necessity-ol
relying upon the aid : of a politician in their
•deliberations. But they were disposed, if
possible, totrick Judge Ludlow into an ac
quiescencein the miserable bargain and sale
Resenting the proposition, preferring as he
did, to adhere to principle, the ; door so cun
ningly opened for him was closed and. the
trio proceeded to fight it out io the bitter
end. Disregarding the principle set forth
in Judge Brewster’s opinion, they con
cluded! with the assistance of the aforesaid
politician, to exclude only Democratic pre
cincts and simply “purge’’ those giving Re
publican majorities. And this was to be
denominated aj udiclal decision ! Bat there
was something more to be done. Justice
Shhrswood, of the Supreme Court, was
known to be iu Philadelphia preparing to
leave on Saturday at Hi o’clock. While he
remained a writ of certiorari might defeat
the purposes of these worthies, and henoe
it was that the decision was withheld -until
12 o’clock, or a half hour alter Justice
Sharswood was on his way to Pittsburg.--
The work was well done. Allison had
punished Sheppard for daring, years ago, to
be a competitor with him for the Judgeship;
Brewster had won bis title to supplant his
brother as the Attorney General of the State,
while Peirce, the innocent tool and play
thing of these unscrupulous politicians,
looked on In amazement, afraid to protest
and afraid to concur. Stray crumbs of pat
ronage were also included in the sale, and
some of these have already been distributed
—vide, the appointments by the City Solici
tor ; but the great point was in the party
victory won at the expense of honor, integ
rity and judicial decency.
Can there be a particle of respect for a de
cision brought about in this manner ? Can
citizens see their sacred rights thus frittered
away bv partisans under pretense of a deci
sion, and yet retain confidence in the judi
ciary 7 The outi age is two- fold—first i n its
manner, andsecondlnits result. That it iS'
a violation of vested rights we have only to
quote Judge Brewster himself, when, in
1867, ho declared with reference to the ex
clusion of a poll; “Such a retnedy should
never be applied save in the extremest
cases. First. Because youpwnish an inno
cent candidate for the acts of persons over
■whom he had no control; and who may have
been corrupted by. the opposite party to
disobey the law in order that 'a large
majority in a certain division may be
crushedby judicial decree. Second. Because
you punish innocent and legal voters when
+2iqu disfranchise them for the crimes of
jtfayeS ana uCapcctors; «•«</, especially tn
this country would I be cautious in applying
the law, because the election officers and the
people at large have been told by the repeated
decisions of this Court that numerous provi
sions of the election law may be violated, and
yetthcpollbe retained. In Mann vs. C (W-
Sidy the graVCSI possible charge of the
high-handed ,ana flagrant violations of the
statutes were stricken from-our petition, and
though a regret for this was subsequently
expressed, Uiespecifications were notrestored,
nor was a single poll rejected in that or in
any other casein this city.”
In the way of a denunciation of Judge
Brewster’s position in 1860, nothing more
emphatic can be found than Judge Brews
ter in 1867, and there We are content to
leave the case*
1247
137(36
3194
4040
, 4564
8494
4066
Tbo Philadelphia Judiciary,
Every now and then our friends in the
City of Brotherly Love indulge in a self
complacent fling at what they are pleased
to Btyle the corruptions, or at least the in
directions of the New York Judiciary. We
are by no means disposed to run a tilt upon
this subject, being painfully conscious that
tbe administration of the law here is not
above reproach. But, if the rumors which
reach ub from Philadelphia, have any sha
dow of foundation, it surely does not be
come the censors of that loyal community
to say much about the purity of tbe ermine.
There are all sorts of pernicious influences
which affect judicial independence. Here,
where there are huge gold pools and gigan
tic stock operations*, one sort of influence
operates. There where twopenny consider
ations exeroise control, tho sinister agency,
though quite as active, is more minute. A
very small price—an insignificant office or
job—buys a Philadelphia judge; but still
he is as much bought as if the price were
enormous.
The local tribunal in Philadelphia which
has jurisdiction of contested election cases
is made up of four judges, of whom three
areKadical Republicans and one a Demo
crat. The Radicals are Allison, Brewster
and Peirce; the Democrat, L»udlow. Before
this bench came the contested election of
1868, involving seven of the most valuable
offices in Philadelphia. For a year has the
contest continued ; and withiu the last few
days, after the returns—genuine or fraudu
lent, we do not pause to Inquire—indicated
that Geary was Governor, the decision iB
made, and six out of the seven Democratic
incumbents ar6 ousted; giving to the Radi
cals the District-Attorneyship, Coliector
ship of Texas, Comptroller, City Solicitor,
aua Commissioner. Mach feeling exists as
to the first position, the Democratic incum
bent being a gentleman who, in more ways
than one, bad the confidence of all parties
in the community.
As a reward for this decision, it is per
fectly understood that one of the judges is •
to be appointed by Governor Geary his At
torney General. This is job number one,
and is rather the largest operation among
these Pennsylvania purists. Then, too,
tbere4s a vacant circuit judgeship, which,
beiDg for life, is preferable to a ten year’s
term. This is to begfven, anless New Jer
sey mutinies, to another of these jndges.
Thus, by large rewards.- twoont of three of
the Radical administrators of justice are to
; be provided for —tbo third, Mr. Pierce (an
amiable and simple-minded man, whose
fanciful scruples, it is said, saved the Dem
; ooratio Mayor), being left out in the cold.
But this is not all. There is an ancient
apothegm about taking care of the pennies
as well as the pounds; dud these Radical
judges, besides their visiona of professional
and judicial preferment, like Mrs. Gilpin,
have » frugal mind nnd think of the small
jobs too. On the very day of the decision,
one of the successful candidate* writes 10
one of the judges who has just decided iu
his favor to inquire what he shall do for
him,’and in a Jew hours Afterwards the
jndge’s nephew is appointed (o a good place
So with a pet student or one of the other
jndges.
Really it strikes ns that hereafter Phila
delphia had better be silent as to Judicial
purity. Last year its Supreme Court dis
graced itself by 3 partisan- -outrage. Now
the lower ermine is bedraggled. Nor is
this all. Over this subordinate tribunal tbe
Sapreme Court of the State exercises a re
visory jurisdiction by what lawyers know
as a process of certiorari— a writ which, re
moving the whole record, cannot be isSUed
but by the allowance ofa'Judge ofthe higher
court. Tbe Supreme Court met at Pitts
burg, three hundred miles-away, o r n Mon
day, the 20th. The judges who reside in
Philadelphia remained till the last moment
at their homes, leaving there on Saturday,
at 11 o’clock. The instant they had gone,
at noon, oh that very day, without previous
notice, though it had been promised, and
in order to elude the operation of .the re
visory process:'the inferior tribunal pro
nounced Its judgment.— lf. Y.-World*
Spurious Notes.-
The Treasury-Department, it is said, now
haye .complete' eyidence that the $60,000
spurious 7-80 Bonds received by the. Gov
ernment and thes3,ooo by a Boston. Banker
were done in the printing Bureau of the
Treasury .while'under, the management of
S. M. Clark, Chief of thoßurean. The plate
from which the spariaus.tsaue' was printed
is ah electrotype from the original plate.
The particulars of the manner by which
the counterfeit was obtained are withheld
■for the present' Thosefamillar- with' the
loose and .reckless conduct of the Print
ing-Bureau wonder that there were not
more • stupendous frauds and extensive
counterfeiting schemes disclosed. This
man' Clark, Ihopgh' denounced on , the floor
of Congress, tfon. the confidence Of Cha.ee,
' Fessenden ] and' McCulloch to an extent
which amazed maoy whose attentionwas
tailed to the loose-manner inwhioh this
Deparimentwaaadministerd. Thucountry
is. to be: cocgratulbtecL.tbat ; tha loss is <so
amajl; *■> Mr. ; Ofagfe main teihS: that tho_pl*te
eoula-ndt have come QutrofjtheTTreasury
Prlnflng [Bureau, "and was not therefore
electrotypes, ‘.'...V-:.
OCTOBER 27
Jk.lT
Judge [Appointed.
■ Splcir^^^apoadcßce.
Geltri’sSupUclty. / c,
W / . ■ V# M" : ' y
gt Qulfe a Benrialionjwas caused in Philadelr.
yeitarday Ky announcement that'
JudgeT. CanctdTßrewster was to succeed'
■Benjamin HtßrewßterEsq., totho Attor
ney Generalship. The/ following corres
pondence explains!, the matter:
Executive Chamber,
x Harmsbubg, Pa., Oct. 21,186 th
-gowrJwUamftt HantslßrewsUr,\Atlorncy Gen
eral:
Deab Sib: You have on several occa
sions told me that whenever I might deem
it to my interest, or the welfare of the Com
manweaUtWryoa. would: at
theofflceoP. r AJtlMxfey. General?’.into my,
•hands.-' ndw arrived, 1 im<TT,'‘
thete&revreapectTally surd earnestly requtet
that you immediately tender iife' yoar
, resignation, Jtot lake effect without 'delay! ;
Your compliance will much nhilpft u .
~ GhAht, .
YQFTICE OF ATTOBNBy GXHXBA*, )
, Philadelphia, Oct. 2a, iB69 r j
Jb GenertU'Jiftn- W* Gsisry, Governor of. JVrirv-’
;
-.Yesterday Mr. Harmer. handed to !
meyour Jetter SUat of October..: It re
quires: my signature “immediately, and
without ffelay,” and assigns nonanse for Urn
request. It is a peremptory demand most
unusual among gentlemen, and uncalled
forin'ihis particular case.
. After my receipt in July last of the letter
ofMri.Govode; made publle inthecchuuns
of the daily press, in which he requested my
and assumed to do bo by your'
you sent aspecial m»ssage.to me
.by Mr, Lewis WalnSmitb.theDepjity-At
torney General, deairing nje not to .regard
his letter, and-assuring me that It was un*
-authorized J and {that its publication was
unauthorized*’ * Notwithstanding that I felt'
a senseof wrong fnyonr silence andneglect
to make a pnblio disclaimor of that letter,
yet I submitted quietly for the sake of the
party apd ita cauae. knowing well that any
agitation of the subject on.my heart would
involve you and peril your election. This
you^applauded at'Corrj a fortnight ago,
when of your own accord, you came to see
me, and when we last saw each other; and
then you'expressly said to me and to Mr.
Lowry, and, I believe to General Kane that
our relations were unexohanged; tome you
said that all of the action of Mr. Covode, in
the letter'before mentioned, and in a tele
gram sent bybim tome, and which I ex
hibited to you, was unauthorized, and you
then in severe terms condemning bis con
duct as brutal and meriting punishment.
You wished me to wait until after the elec
tion, when I might deal with these men
who had put an affront on me. . You then <
thanked me for the service I had rendered,
and repeated your personal and official con
fidence In me and'left me, making arranger
ments with me for an important official
duty to be performed with you. To Mr.
Cummings, who went to yoo, specially de
puted by me, to confer with you on the sub
ject about three weeks ago, you. expressly
iterated and reiterated yonr ,confidence
in me, saying: that ypu had no couse of
oomplaint, ana no wish to remove mo or
have me resign.’ The offer of my resig
nation, referred to in your letter was fre
quently made by me 1 and other? for me
and was always refused by you sb hurt
ful to your prospects. It was made from
motives of personal convenience, and to
help your renominatlon and silence the
calumnies of men who wore your enemies.
As an instance of your feelings towards
whom I would recall to you your course in
reference to Mr. Kemble, whom you told
me you suspected of being a defaulter, and
by your express direction had me send you
twice an accountant from the city, verify
your supposed discovery of his della
quencies, and against whom you said I
should proceed as soon as you were re
elected, . '
Now you write to me demanding my re
signation, and assign no cause, but leave
me open to imputations, to which I will not
submit. X will not permit you, at the in
stance of a class you denounced to me as
corrupt factionists, and one of whom yon
instructed me to prosecute, and after you
have answered your own convenience and
received my help, thus to evict me from a
place I never sought, and which you solici
ted me to accept, and which I have U®ld
with due respect to my public duty nod my
' own honor.
After this course of dupHcity or vascilla
tlon—to me it iB indifferent which—serve
with you I cannot and will not, and you
mav hold my office vacant, and fill it with
whomsoever will be base and mean enough
to run the risk of like treatment, or receive
it as the price ofsome dishonorable bargain.
I am sir, etc.,
Be>*jasu2* Harris Brewster.
Chamber,
Harrisburg, Pa., Oct. 23.15G9-
Son. Senjasiin Sarrit premier, Philadelphia:
Sin i Having failed to receive a prom pt
reply to my communication of the 21st
inst., I have the honor to inform you that I"
have this day appointed Hon. F. Carroll
Brewster Attorney General of the Com
monwealth ofPennsylvanla, vice Benjamin
Harris Brewster.
Hon. P Carroll Brewster will at onco as
■WMn tha anting nf Ma nffinn
Yours, &c., John W. Gbart,
Governor of Pennsylvania.
On the 22d day of October, 1869, on my
return from Harrisburg, X called on Mr.
Benjamin Harris Brewßter, and he showed
me a letter he had just received Irom Gov
ernor Geary asking his resignation. Ho
then drafted a reply, and on the 23d (Satur
day) be gave it to me with directions to take
it to. Harrisburg and hand il ta-Governor
Geary. I wa9 too much indisposed to tako
the journey that day, and with his consent
telegraphed to Governor Geary that I held
the Tetter in reply and would deliver it to
him on Monday.”
Lewis Wxln Smith.
Monday, October 25,1365).
[Copy of Telegram ]
October 23, 1860.
To Governor Geary, Sarrisburg, Paj
Mr. Brewster has requested me to deliver
in person his reply to your loiter to
him. I will be up on Monday,
Lewis Walu Smith,
Deputy Attorney General.
« ■
Executive Chamber,
Harrisburg, . October 23, 1869.
Son. F. Carroll Breuxler,- Philadelphia, Pa.;
Sir :* Placing the highest confidence in
your friendship, ability, and integrity as a
man and as.a lawyer, X have Ihe honor to
tender tefyou the position of Attorney Gen
eral of the Comr ::m wealth of Pennsylvania,
vice Benjamin Harris Brewster.
Should you determine to accept, I desire
that you do so without delay, and notify me
both by telegram and letter, and at once as
sume the duties.of your office.
Very respectfully,
[Signed,] JOHN W. GEARY.
Governor.
Philadelphia, October 25, 1869.
To Sis Excellency , J. W. Geary, Governor:
Sir : Your lavor of tbe 23d instant, ten
dering to me the position of Attorney Gen
eral of this Commonwealth, has been re
ceived.
I accept the appointment with many
thanks for the honor conferred upon me and
for the courteous terms in which you have
been pleased to tender it.
It snail be my oarnest effort to discharge
the duties of the office to the utmost of my
ability.
With regard, verv respectfully yours,
[Signed], F, CARROL BREWSTER.
Judge Brewster left Philadelphia for
Harrisburg at uood, in order to meet the
Governor. It is understood that Edward
M. Paxson will take the place Jof Judge
Brewster in the Court of Common Pleas.
Shall (he State Election Be Contested?
The Philadelphia Age and Evening Her •
aid strenuously Urge upon the Democratic
party the duty of taking the necessary steps
to oontest the valfdity of the recently de
clared oleotioaof John W. Geary, as Gov
ernor oi tbe Commonwealth. They do not
apprehend that Judge Packer could be se
cured In his rights, no matter how clearly
it might be shown that he/was legally elect
ed. The character of the present Legislature
precludes any such idea. But if tbe frauds
were practised, us both these papers boldly
assort, aud a? most everybody elae be
lieves, n<> expense or labor should be spar
ed in exposing them to the public gaze. If
no immediatogood would beaccomplißbed,
such as the placing in office the men who
fairly and honestly elected to the
same, it rnigl V avethe good effect of caus
ing a too •. ' ding people to be more
watchful in v .Jture.
The Herald, in closing an able article on
the subject, says:
“ It will be remembered that a leading
Radical, formerly of the interior, bnt now
a resident of this city, declared before tbo
election that it did not matter how many
votes the Democratic party polled, tbe
count would be against them, and that the
■City would be carried for the Radical can
didates at all hazards. All this was said to
a gentleman of this city, whose word is
high authority. This threat has been veri
fied to tbe letter; and bad the Democrats
polled five thousand more votes than they
did, the result would havo been tbe same.
Let tbe election be contested, and let this
radical leader be summoned to give his
testimony.” —FatrioL 1
A Peanut Crop'
A writer in the Norfolk Journal gives (ho
following account of fhis crop upon tbo
farm of Gen. Bryan Grimes, near Wash
ington, N. <3.:
5* The most remarkable feature we notic
ed on tbe farm i was an experiment in rais
ing peanuts, which consisted in a field of
540. aores devoted to,this crop! Wo have
seldom witnessed a prettier cropofany kind
or one that* we think will pay as well. In
deed the value of this peanut ‘ patch ’ is
incredible. '.Here ia tr low estimate of its
value r Fifty bushels to one acre (and this
estimate would be nearer right at 100 bush
els-peracre)glvesas 27,000 bushels, which
at tne moderate priceof s2.per bnshel, will
be $54,000..:' Twenty-five hundred, pounds
of “long forage"’ to the acre will make $l,-
350,000 pounds, worth at least 50 cents per
cwt.. make $6,750. ' The peas tHat are left
dn the field with the .“pops,” . which,are
unsalable, will fatten" 600 head ofhogsl
- pounds,will be 90;000’ pounds
of pork { which afe $3 per thousand pounds
for fattening WII give ! us : $27,000. ; - Total,
$87,700.";.: f ;7: - ■
A, severe birthquake Was felt throu ghbut
.New.Brnna wick and Nova fifteen
morning. In some localities chimneys
were.thrown downnnd tbpwalls.of bouses
869.
iFrom the New. York World, October 22fl f
. The thloke&lsK mass of embarrassing
dlscloeures/and-pfrefJcdXerly thedSoam-
Bhmtial.otateffieDtßOf Mr. Jay Gould)
printed 1$ severafhfthecity papers yester-
bring the opexatßonsnf the cold gam
blers so nearly hontoto General Grant, that
sdmethlhg more seems 'ifeoessary, in. the
why ofexculpaflon, thazfthe simple denial
odhtainedin nla rebeht letter to Mr, Bonner,
Itifes a painfal ahd mortifying necessity
fofc the-PTealdenfr-ofthe .TTnited States to be
obnetralned to vindicate his official honor
by the publication of Buch a letter; it is
doubly painful and mortifying that the ac
cumulation of now evidence renders his
simple denial insufficient, and calls for fctrff
.pie and. conclusive reb«Ui«gteetim6ny'. i 'li
Mr. Jay Gonhfhas made false statements,
it la possible to prene thya false. Until such
proof lsftviud3W».thhj»Ceht gold specular
tion must seem to the pabllo to be brought
scandalously: .neasThe-doors- of
dent The evldence of his complicity, is not
conclusive; but 'Unlesa Mr. GbuTtPe credl
bUUy 'can be shakeniiJuid destroyed, the
Treeidetttmnetßtaiid before thaoonntry in
almostunenvisblp lightii Mr* Gcruld does
hb|* deal i$ -yague < asserUons,. Hls;Btate
'hdms arp ;dsflnUe„Ritd. giving
naiiies,\dMwan,d circumstances;, dud there
fore admittingor.bakydisprpcrifthey are
not founded upon fabt' Until his credit as
a witness is: successfully : .impeachedi the
transactions-musf haveA yery ugly look.
Mr..Gouldasserts* '■'* i . •
1. Thathis intimacy.JcUh- Mr*~Cbrbln,
Gen. Grant’s broth or-in-lawjhas beeu-doso
pnd eonhdenual, ang that during the sum
mer their meetings and interviews were
alinost dally..
• - S. TBit General Butterfield was appointed
Assistant Treasurer by Mr. Corbin’s influ
ence and with a view to favorhla apccula
- tions; that’it was at first -intended that
. Catherwood, Corbin’sson-irvlavv;should be
Assistant Treasurer, but it'-waa thought that
this appointment woold. be attended’with
too much danger, and. Catherwood was
bought off by a promise of one-foartb of the
• .profit made by Corbin'and. Gould. But
terfield was pitched upon as a man well
calculated to cloak the contemplated specu
. latioo.
imp.*'
3. That General Grant advanced to Cor
bin ten or. twelve thousand dollars to be
uaed os a margin in a speculation of bonds,
and Mr.. Corbin’s brokers purchased $300,-
000 worth ofbondß to be carried with this
margin on account of the President.
« 4. That Mr. Gould had a personal inter
view with the President in the summer, at
Corbin’s house, in which the President told
Gould that no gold would be sold before the
first of November,' beyond the regular
monthly two milflons, and that this infor
mation was the basis of the speculation.
5. That Mrs. Grant was in the specula
tion ; half a million, of gold having beeu
purchased on her account at 132, which
was sold when the price had risen to 137,
-and the profit, amounting to $25,000, was
remitted-to her.
0. That when Secretary Bootwell bad de
fied to sell gold and break down the
speculation, tbo President gave u peremp
tory order to Boutwell forbidding the kale,
ana that Ibis order was given at ibo insti
gation of Corbin.
7. That the final Order for the sale of gold
was not given until after Corbin had ropre •
sented to the President that he was out of
the speculation.
Everybody mu3t perceive that this is a
most damaging array of facts, if the allega
tions of Mr. Gould are to be accepted os
true. They are fatal to. Corbin, ruinous to
Butterfield, derogatory to Mrs, Grant, and
they compromise the President himself, us
it cannot easily be believed that Mrs. Grant
. would have gone into so heavy an opera
tion as the purchase of half a million of
gold without the knowledge and conni
vance of her husband. At the very least,
it is a matter v» hioh needs to be cleared up;
for unless Mr. Gould can bo confronted
with attested facts aud convicted of false
hood, the President’s.denial, rnado at the
instance ofMr. Bonner, cannot protect his
jeputatlon.
Why does not Mr. Corbin come before the
public with a formal and circumstantial
denial ? He has made an abundance of
verbal denials; but his solemn assevera
tions have been contradicted by au array of
evidence aDd affidavits that proatrutes all
belief in his veracity, XJndersuch circum
stances, his protraoted silenco looks to the
public liko a tacit confession.
The conviction Is universal, that Corbin
was up to his eyes in the speculation, and
probably its original instigator; and Mr.
Gould’s disclosures, that General Grant was
in a $300,000 speculation in bonds, and Mrs.
Grant iu a $500,000 speculation in gold, ere
ate a necessity for a better defence than has
yet been offered, before the President can
be fully acquitted in the public judgment.
There Is a possibility of his innocence; but
appearances are too strongly against him
to allow the matter to stand in its present
light.
General Butterfield has not cleared bim
eelf, and is not removed. Why. does not
the President remove him ? Is ho afraid to
put so guilty, or at least so leaky, a man
out of office ?
If it had been Andrew Johnson, instead
of Ulyßses Grant, to whom such facts had
been brought so nearly home, bow Oil the
Republican organs would have howled 1
Had it been Johnson instead of Grant, noth
ing short of impeachment would have sat
isfied the Republicans ; and if the evidence
had been believed, couviction would doubt-
£«eapo ofo Notorious! Kobbor.
A telegram iu Saturday’s paper stated
that the notorious rpbher, Jim Hagerty,
through the aid of a mob had esoapod from
Justice In Philadelphia. The following ad
ditional particulars will be found of inter
est:
Hagerty Was indicted for certain offences,
and the witnesses in tho case, when the
matter came up for trial, could not be found.
They had been tampered with and spirited,
away. Ono of the prosecutors, named Hill,
au ex-policeman, was induced to leave tho
cify, and the charges against the prisoner
could no tbe prosecuted. District Attorney,
Sheppard, knowing tho characior of the
man, and feeling tbat Justice bad been
cheated at tbe-tlme Haggerty was pardoned
by Governor Curtio, called tbe attention of
the court to the fact that he had been con
vioted and sentenced to a term of nine years’
confinement, and after twelve months, he
was pardoned out on the condition that ho
was to leave the oountry. He did go to
Canada, but ouiy remained there a short
lime, for bo next appeared in this city at
bis old game of assaulting and cutting clti
aena ; it was argued that as the prisoner had
no abided by the provisions of the pardon,
he could be made to serve out the unexpir
ed term for which be had been sentenced
on the charge of robbery. The prisoner
was represented by Mann and Brooks, aud
ttie-Jcase occupied considerable time.
About noon Saturday the prisoner was
brought up from Moyamensing on an order
from the Judge to hear the decision in his
case. He was placed in the van wltii nt
least eleven other prisoners, and Court Offi
cer Thomas aud Prison Officer Clifton had
the men in charge; The van drove into the
space between the old and the new court
houses, and soon a crowd collected; Hag
gerty stepped out and with one of tho offi
cers close to tbe door of tho old court house
when the cry of “Fire” was raised, and then
a general push was made and the prisoner
broke away and ran through the carriage
way into Chestnut street, aud then across
the street to the American hotel, through
which he passed into Minorstreet. Theoffi
cers pursued, but on reaching tbe door of
the American they were prevented from
entering by a mob there collected. Hagger
ty had dropped his hat lu the flight, and as
he passed through the gang in front of the
hotel a-general uplifting of hats took place.
This was done tbat identification would be
impossible.
The movements of the crowd around tbe
room and in front of the A merican showed
conclusively that a rescue wus premeditaU
ed. In front of the hotel a general fight
took place, just os Haggerty entered the
tbe placo. This was done by the friends of.
the fugitive, and among tbemselvep, in or
der to prevent the pursuit of tho court
officers. Mr. Thomas, who endeavored to
make his way throng b the oro wd was struck
by some one of the mob. Ho was forced to
draw his revolver before he would be ad
mi tied, and then it was too late, for the pris
oner had reached Minor st., and was then on
bis way into Market street, where a car
riage was in waiting for him. Thidcarriage
stood in front of Bharpless’ store, all the
morning, with the driver seated iDsido with
reins in hand. On reaching the vehicle
Haggerty at once jumpeebin, and tbe whip
being appled to the horse, away thoy start
ed ut a break-neck pace. A largo crowd
followed the vehicle but all to no..purpose.
It was rumored tho .past few days Chat
Haggerty would bo sent hack to prison to
serve out the unexpfrod term, ana this in
formation was no no donbt conveyed to
him, and then arrangements make by his
friends to effect bis escape, which havo been
so successfully carried ont.
lladamo Jamcl’s $1,000,000,
Three Buils against Nelson Chase, by
Champlain Bowen and others, contesting
his right to tbe Madame Jumel property,
were before Judge Ingraham yesterday for
trial, Madame J amel,’thd widow of Aaron
Burr, died in January, 1860, leaving prop
erty, mostly real estate In Manhattanville,
worth over ,$1,000,000. Mr. Chase, as as
signee of the heirs of Maria Jones,. claimed
to be Madame Jumel’s only sister, in No
vember, 1860, contested the will of Madame
In which she gave nearly the whole of her
property to various charitable associations.
The contestant took the, ground that Ma
dame Jnmmel was unsotmd of mind.' He
obtained a verdict In his favor, tbe legatees
under the will making no opposition, hav
ing previously accepted $BO,OOO in lien of
their claims under this will. Mr. Chase,
boweypr, notwithstanding .his success in
that suit, was not allowed long to enjoy tbe
property without having his title disputed.
In October, ttvO years ago,the present suits
were instituted by, persons iu,Rhode Island,
who claimed that they, as the descendants
of her'sttter, Polly Bowen, were tho, heirs
of Madame Jumel, It belng : aEserted that
Maria Jones was only an adopted slater.
Two yeara aga- commissions were granted
to examine a number of Witnesses in Rhode
Island,< Massachusetts, and Connecticut,
The trial is now sought to be pat off on. the
plea that these commissions have pot fin*
lshed their work.. The argument is to,, be
presented this morning by Charles
for the- motion, and Ohariea G’Conor op
po&cd. ( ■' *'* . ;J •"V"
-Later inail advices from South America
state that violent earthquakes ard'confitarit
in Southern petnV towr* of Cbacas, in
the Department of was destroy
ed on Sent; Ist;- Apprehensions of farther
earthquakes hare caused a considerable de
cline in bouse; xentslin all Peruvian
piUpq. : A ; v/W “ r: -
d&ti&ancial
column of the Philadelphia Ledger s
~ ”I£fs ahJlouir<Ad : fh)tn Washington that
United States Treasurer Spinner nos just
put Jn.uirculstioq .$70,000 in twos of tbo
new legal-tender notes, and expects to be
able to supply a like amount dally hereaf
ter-until. Jhe bank note companies are
ready to famish notes of every denomina
tion as required. While the more promt •
nent financiers In various parts of tbo
oountry baya ranch .to ssy about tho
finances, .gold,'green
backs, and kindred matters it seems
a very proper~inqulry, at this par
ticular. Juncture,. -to make* whether any
atthwu nos.ever proposed a.refurm in tho
material drossand condition of the circu
lating medium wlthwhiohwoareall trytog
to fill our wallets? Ours 1b to-day rich and
redolent with »ix.sl bills, barely to be deci
phered os follows: Market Bank ol Now
York, ‘Aquidnoot of Newport,- Bristol
County, City of Worcester, Pocasset, and
Howard of Bostoh; Last, but not least in
wear and tear and accumulated dirt, the
sainted philanthropist would havo thought
twice before venturing to proffer this Bos
ton rag, bearing his honored name, to tho
meanest prisoner he ever met. Tnoy uro
all dated in 1565. Four fong years have they
been going up and down the land, pretend
ing to bo money. Well may wo speak of
“filthy lucre,” and talk too of “locking it
ud” out of sight. While it will bo seen tbat
the Government la tardily doing something
towards the improvement of its greenback
circulation, it is hoped the National banks
will move in the purging of their issues.
We know that this is more easily said than
done, but where there is a will thore is a
way. We all know tbat tho batiks nro
obliged to redeem their bills in greenbacks,
and any ono having a filthy bill iu hla
pocket ha#only to step Into the bank which
issues it and ask for a greenback, which
will prove to bo about as filthy. As for
an enforced Issue or clean bills, no bank
can Issue them ad libitum; and thoy can
only bo issued in exchange for those re
deemed. The bills of the banks are spread
broadcast over tbo country. Tho banks is
suing them rarely see them oxcopt in tri
lling amounts. Thotr filthy state is duo to
this long use. The banks, It la said, do not
1 object to issue clean bills, but- they can
only do so when the dirty ones or©brought
back to them. This is probably to some
1 extent true; but, to tost it, let every man
having a ragged and filthy note, tho issue
of u bank within reach, present it and de
mand a legal redemption. This wilt
probubly effect the purgiug desired.
Mayor Hall on Horaco Urrelcy.
Horace Greeloy iu the editorial columns
of tho Tribune having published recently n.
ferocious letter addroafeod “To Samuel J.
Tiidon, Chairman of tho Democratic Statu
Committee,” on Democratic election fraud*
in this oily, aud having included Mayor
Hull In his gonornl Indictment against the
Democratic leaders, tbo Mayor sent tho N.
Y. Herald tho following as his reply
To the Editor of the Herald; —
In n letter signed by Horace Greeloy, ad
dressed to 8. J. Tildeu, and published edi
torially in tho 2W6unc, I find tho following
extract: —
“ On the principle that “ tho receiver is ns
bad ns tho thief,” you are as deeply impli
cated in them to-day as though your mime
were Tweed, O’Brien, or Oakey Hall.”
By the word “them” is meant gramiaul*
cally “ election frauds.” Will any one
blamo m? if I “steal” a momont from u.
“busy life” and iudulge in somo ‘■'recollec
tions,” and perhaps a personality or two
upon this Tribune gage ?
When Horace and 1 were whigs together,
years ago, at caucuses held “ to raiso mo
uoy”—generally held as they should bo at
tho houses of rich men, and assisted (us.
they always ought to be, and to Horace’s
great delight) by nice suppers—l havo
heard rougher suggestions übout tbo use
of that money from this cleanly shaved
Pharisee of a politician (El. G.) than lover
heard at any democratic caucus. Greeloy
would cull-the uso of it now aud then
“ pipe-laying.”
But of lato years I note that h > calls it„
whenever urging Radicals towards work,
“scrutinizing the registry.” His ally,
Tboodore Allen, is almost nightly mooting
with Greeloy, and the “Comptrollor’s” may
bo relied upon to fully interpret Greeley’s
new phrase. When interpreted it will bear
Groeloy’s repeating. ’ , ,
It is really amusing tor Borne of Greeley k
former whig audiences (somo now Repub
licans and others Democrats) to observe re
flected in the Tribune tbo pious rolling of
bis eyes over, tho oditoriul Ink-stand when
ever ho writes about the misdeeds of politi
cal adversaries touching poll appllunco-*.
for they remember Greeley’s former ox pres
stons which proved the similarity between
railroad bulldiDg and elootioneoring.
“Somo.men,” quoth Horace, “survey llus
routes, others do.tho grading; somo bury
ties or clamp rails; a lew run the locomo
tive afterwards; but tho peoplo who dig tho
ditches and get blackened nt tho outset uro
not remembered.” “So,” quoth Horace,
“wo leaders who raise tho capital lor tin*
ditch diggers don’t need to know wlmt kind
of soil thoy put their ploks into whenever
wo finally ride within the oars Into tbo sue •
cessful depot.”
From my knowledge of Horace Greeley
(and I havo studied him for yo*ra us Dr.
Curnochan would'study a case of morbid
anatomy) I Hhare tho belief of thousands in
his own party, that If ho wanted to help a
railroad grant at Albany, to enjoy tho In
terent of an Irish fund well invested, to
share the profits of a Congressional land
grant, or to elect himself to a “ paying” of
fi<*3 fllko Comptroller,] thore ia no rough
election chance ho wouldn’t tako if lu<
thought bis ditch digging could bo covered
up by tho successful running of tho cars.
Tbo hypocridy of this muu Greeloy, up
preaches sublimity. Tho late chareoai
sketehor, Neal, [would that bo had lived to
sketch H. G’s.,] wrote a clover essay on the
sublimity of Impudence. Tho editor of tin
Tribune fully answors tho descriptions.
Somo years ago I furnished to alltbolibru .
ries of the world, a pamphlet called “Ho
race Greeley Decently l)lssocted,” and in
its pages I showed how, ono by ono bW
Tom Finch udorcra fell away Irom tbeiv
Pecksniff, and students of morbid auQtomy.
who wish to consult the pamphlet la any,
of the libraries, will find how the sublimity
of H. G.’s hypocrisy and impudence wuh
unmistakably demonstrated.
It is possible that his vanity so leads him
to believe In himsoU that ho is convinced
he possesses tho power to sbrlvo himself
daily, and thus to realize the liyronic idea
of a “deformed transformed.” A man who
so supremely bolieves In himself us Greeley
does can not vory well beliovo In uny other
man nor accept on alien criticism. What,
therefore, yon will ask, is the use of an
swering H. G. 7 Why simply to expose,
him. Tho propbot MaLhia was, years ugo,
tried for tho mere object o£ exposing his,
impostures. You must keep on arraign
ing this “profit’’-seeking philosopher
at the bar of public opinion for the
purpose of saving people from
coptiug his self-delnsions. I will ongogo
to prove Horace Greedy a monomuniao bo
fore any commission or lunatlcoinquirendo,
althongb it was composed of St. Lawrence
Radicals. His inconsistencies daring tbo
war; bis vituperations of men. or all creeds
and politics for aquarter of a century back;
his forgiving tho enemy of yesterday or
abusing the friend of last week whenever
be wished thereby to gains point; bin
everyday antics before tho Fourth avenue
barborshop; bis smirk of satisfaction when,
he steps on or off tbo stage w herover “ladies
are present,” at a lecture or “lair opening;”
his ungrateful treatment of John School
craft, Weed, MoElrath and a dozen others
who befriended bis poverty; his particu
larity la searching after odd Catharine
street costumes, whereby ho attracts as
much public notice as tbe corset man on
Broadway; bis greed for lt be
Congress or Register, delegate or Senator,
railway director or comptroller—all of these
well known and widely upproclatod (eocen -
. tricities bis little circle call them) Greeley
ism can only be explained upon tbo vanity
monomania hypothesis. “Do talk about
me,” said tho spinster in one of Brougham’n
comedies. “How beautiful you are,” would
come a chorus, and then how she simpered
and made friends with everybody. “You
are an old humbug,’’would exclaim some
courageous young belle. Then tbespiostar
quitted tho charmed circle atid llio
looking glass to throw an old shoe ot
Miss Courogeousness, precisely na H.
G. quits bis immediate circle ot toad
ies to throw one of his old boots at uuy
one who ever dared to expose him.—
And when a man who is an “old charlatan”
undertakes to puff himself as Horaco Gree
ley does in bis recent prospectus qf hrn
“busy life” book that fills a Tribune col
umn of leaded type it is the duty of every
body to cast his pebble at tbo philosopher's
glass house. I now ond this epistle by
challenging Horaco Greeley, as candidal©
for Comptroller, to meet me as a political
stumper next week in any rural portion of
tbo State ho may solect and discuss for Ihreo
hours on a sido tbe issues of tbe day, and I
will promise to please tbe Radicals who
might attend even more than I would hopo
to gratify tho Demooracy.
A. Oakey Hall.
AccroiSaperAtiuon—Excitement Among
me Ctmrleaton Diukeji.
The Charleston Courier tells of tho fol
lowing revival of the appeal to tho “ Judg
ment of God ” among the Charleston ne
groes, established by universal testimony:
“ The readers of the Courier will remem
ber that, on September 20, tho body of n
negTO man, horribly mutilated, was found
lloating in Ashley river. It will also bo
remembered that, not having been Identi
fied, it was bnried on thosubsequent morn
ing. That two Degrees from James’ Island
were arrested on suspicion of having.com
mitted tho horrid deed, and that on Friday
the wi/o of the murdered man camo to tho
city to identify the body. It is stated that
when the •body bad boen disinterred, tho
two accused were Btandlng by, to
gether with the wife and the men who were
engaged In disinterring'the body. That
one of the accused accidentally touched the
corpse, . when it instantly commenced to
bleed profusely, and continued to do so for
some time— this, notwithstanding , the fact
that the body bad been buried tor several
days'/ • Seeing this, one of the men in whoso
custody the accused were turned abruptly
to one of them with the remark: ‘when
did‘you kill that man?* The prisoner
looked uponthebody and instantly replied,
'ltliwas about three o’clock in the mom*
lag.?”-. i •
This Is, in substance, the excitement that
ifl. now .raging, and taken; in'ponnectipn
With the tidal wave sensation, almost fcrlngß
us* back tb‘ the.daya of witchcraft and mlra,*
OldS. V •' ■■ rV . - v. •
1 Brldal breaklfeflt partiee. two days,before
the'wedding. to show off the are
a late invention, • * • : • en j