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Notitv.
Tim SUICIDAL CAT
BY JOHN QUILL.
There wan a man named Furguson,
Ho lived on Market Street,
He had a epeckled Thomas Cat,
That couldn't well be heat;
lie'd catch more rats and mice and Bich
Than forty can; could eat.
This cat would come Into the room
And climb up on a cheer,
And thereMe'd sit and lick hissell
. .
And purr so awful queer,
That Furguson woulu yell at him;
13ut stilt he'd purr-severe.
And then he'd climb the moonlit fence,
And loaf around and yowl,
And spit, and claw another cat
Alongside of thejowl,
And then.they bobs would shake their tails,
And Jump around and howl.
Uh this here cat of Furguson's
Was fearful then to see;
Held yell precisely like he was
In aWlul agony ;
'You'd think a brat-clues stomach-ache
Had struck some small baby.
And all the mothers lu the street,
Waked by the horrid din,
Would rise right up and search their babes,
To rind some worryin, plu ;
And still tills vlgorus cat would beep
. .
A hollerin' like sin.
And as fur Mr, Furguson
'Twos more than he could bear,
And so be hurled his bootjack out,
Right through the midnight air:
But this vociferous Thomas cat,
Not one cent did he care,—
For still he yowled and kept his fur
A standin' up on end,
And his old spine a.doublln' up
As far us it would bend,
As if his hopes of happiness
Did on his lungs uepeud.
But while a curvlu' of his spine
And watlu' to attack
A cat upon the other fence,
Toon, came an awful crack ;
Alld this here speckled Thoma. vat
Was busted lu the back.
When Furguson came down nem t day
There lay an old feline,
And not a life was left In hlin
Although he had had !aloe,
"All this here crones" sold Ferguson,
" Of eurelu . Of his splue."
Now all ye melt whose tender hearts
This painful tale doeuiraok,
.lust take this moral to yourselves,
All of you, white mU black;
Don't over go, 'lgo thin here cal,
guttlu' up yourback !
Xithatil.
Five Years on Guard
During the First French Empire,
every regiment had its deg, whose in
telligence, thanks to the soldiers' care,
was improved by education and disci
pline. The Grand Army's dogs were
picked up almost everywhere, except
in England. They had been recruited
in Poland, in Prussia, hi Holland, In
Saxony, and in Flanders. They were
mongrel mastitli4, hounds, Danish dogs,
spaniels. But no mutter whence they
came, they soon turned out French.
Foreign dogs were naturalized without
knowing it.
Rugeu iH an island In the Baltic sea,
opposite to Stralsund, ou the coast of
Pomeran. Fortified both by natu re and
by art, its situation is exceedingly
strong. In time of peace, in consequence
of its fertile soil, its salubrious air, and
its mild climate, Rugen Is a delightful
retreat. In time of war, it is an import.
ant post, a natural citadel, a formidable
fortress, whose possession has been pur
chased at the expense of many a bloody
fight. During the campaign of 1807,
this island was comprised in their
sphere of operations by the corps com
manded by Marshall Davoyst, and was
occupied by an infantry regiment of the
line and by several companies of sup
pers and miners. The regiment, of
course, had a dog—a black and white
poodle—named Capncin—not because
he was born in a Capuchin's convent
In Italy (which would have been quite
a sufficient reason), but in allusion to
the copper or iron rings by which a
gunbarrel is fastened to its stock. The
dog's short bark might perhaps have
been•thought to resemble the snappish
report of a musket.
Iu consequence of a change iu the
plan of operations ordered by Napoleon
the First, the island had to be sudden
ly evacuated, to carry out a movement
in retreat, abandoning the whole line of
the Pomeranian coast. Every post,
every man, was withdrawn •, but in
such a hasty way that they forgot au
advanced sentinel perched on the top of
a hillock which commanded the en
trance of the port of Rugen. This
sentinel was a young soldier named
Firmin Bouard, wlio had been three
mears In the service. At present, a sol
dier who has served three years is con
sidered quite a veteran •, at that time,
troopers who could reckon three, five,
seven, and even iiine years of service,
were still called cdnscripts. Now Bon
ard the soldier and Capuciu the dog,
happened to be particular good friends,
bound by the strongest ties of mutual
attachment.
The corporal of Um post had planted
Firmin as sentinel on the hillock ex
actly at midnight. The latter there
fore calculated on being relieved at two
In the morning, he also then from two
till live in the morning would have
three good hours to doze and slumber in
the corps off garde. So Firmin Bouard
beguiled the time by anticipating this
supreme Indulgence, also by thoughts
of his village steeple, of his aged cure's
ancient housekeeper, of the haystack
where he used to play at hide-aud•seek,
and sundry other recollections. In this
the minutes slipped slowly by, and the
two hours' guard were drawing to a
close.
All at once lie heard a slight noise.
He listened. "It is the corporal com
ing to relieve guard," he thought, and
prepared to utter the " Qui Vive." But
the sound, which, resembled that of
human foot•eteps, was soon followed by
complete silence. "I couldn't be mis•
taken!" he said to himself. Besides,
my time must now be up." He listened
again, still more attentively. Almost
immediately he heard the barking df a
dog, who came running forward in his
direction. On recognizing Capucin's
voice, the sentinel looked around him
unsiously. Perceiving nothing which
threatened an attack, lie wondered what
could be the meaning of this nocturnal
visit. Before Le hail time to consider
the matter, the animal had climbed the
hill and was jumping up his legs.
It's you, Capucin. Very good. You
got tired of waiting there; and I am
tired of standing here. The air is keen
and lam terribly sleepy. You should
have brought the corporal with you.
His watch must have stopped. He ought
to sell it for old iron and buy a new one.
Capuein's answer was a frenzied bark
and a series of mad leaps around his
friend.
"„I understand," said Finn in smiling.
You are asking me to dance to warm
myself. It's api ly you are not provided
with the password and a musket.
Capucin commenced to bark, running
right and left like a creature possessed.
Finding all these mameuvres useless he
ran up to the soldier, pulled him by the
coat, and tried hard to pita him away,
renewing his efforts with such violence
that he tore the soldier's uniform. Fir
min considering this proof of affection
more troublesome thou pleasant, lost his
temper and gave poor Capucin a kick.
The dog, howling at finding himself so
cruelly maltreated and misunderstood,
retreated to a few paces distance; but
soon returned, heedless of his friend's
unkind treatment. All be did now,
was to look fdrgiveness and lick the
soldier's hands.
"Be ciulet, will you? And take your
self off," said Firmiu, harshly, as he
threatened him with the butt of his gun
to drive him away. Capucin finding
he could do no good, unwillingly made
up his mind to depart. He arrived Just
in time to go on board with the last de
tachment of the corps.
At four o'clock ho began to lose pa
tience. Discipline forbade his quitting
the post; but hunger which drives the
wolf out of the wood, compelled him to
forget the Code Millearle. He left his
station and went to the guard house,
muttering to himself: If anybody
deserves to be shot for this, it is not 1,
but the corporal who does'nt know his
business, and keeps a sentinel on guard
six hours at a time.
In the guard house not a creature
The only supposition he could form was
that the regiment had gone to occupy
another part of the island. He shoulder
ed his gun and walked off across the
country in search of the regiment. On
the way be fell in with a farmer plough
ing a field. " Can you tell me," he
asked him, "in which directiqt.:"the
French have marched."
" They are, gone away," , ..Was the
startling reply. "They embarked at two
this morateigp, r atepping "lightly, and
without' a .word, lzt Onsequence of an
order:received from the Emperor. , ?
• *Alone away, leaving me behind ! I
4401 she reported as a deserter! Con.
fqiitid 'that corporal; he has been my
•
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. 821
SPY
VOLUME 69
ruin. I now understand what poor
Capucin meant. It is not tho death I
fear so much as the disgrace."
" Don't take on in that way," said the
farmer, in a consolatory tone. Stay here,
and make the best of a bad business. If
the French come back again, I can
prove that It was no fault of yours."
" My good man you don't know the
severity of our rules."
" They will not punish you for a crime
you have not committed. Meanwhile
you cannot live on air. You pr3bably
were brought up in the country and are
accustomed to do country work ?"
I can plough for in-
"Certainly
stance."
" The very thing for me. I can offer
you good board and lodging, with a
small weekly payment into the bargain.
It will be the best thing you can do un
der the circumstances." The soldier
heaved a heavy sigh, and slowly gazed
all around the horizon to see whether
any of the ships were still visible. Be
holding nothing, he said, at last: "I
thankfully accept your offer."
" Good!" said the farmer, Peter Baxen.
" Come and breakfast at once. We will
go on with the plowing afterwards."
At Baxen's farm the soldier-plough
man had plenty of opportunities of
proving his capacity. He found such
favor in the farmer's eyes—and in other
people's too—that Baxen determined to
try and keep him for good and all.
" My worthy fellow," he said oue day,
" I look upon you almost as a son."
"If my poor old father," Firmin an
swered, " were not anxiously awaiting
my return to France I would willingly
remain in Rugen."
" You can bring him buck with you,
the next time you go to France. But
wha II want to say to you now, con
cerns my daughter.
Firmin colored up to the eyes.
"Unless I am much mistaken you
and she are very good friends."
Firmin uttered a few unintelligible
words.
"The neighbors even say you are in
love with her."
"I assure you I never uttered a word
which could lead her to suppose that—"
"I know it; and for that very reason
I took upon myself to tell her that, if
you had no objection, she might have
you for a husband."
"And she said—?"
" Not a word ; but she threw her arms
around my neck and kissed me for a
quarter of an hour." A fortnight after
wards, Firmin Bonard was married to
the fair-haired Clarissa, Peter Baseu's
only daughter.
Four years then elapsed, pretty equally
divided between love and labor. His
thoughts occasionally reverted to
France, but he had almost forgotten his
compulsory desertion. The past soon
fades from our memory when ,the pres
ent is satisfactory and the future prom
ising.
One morning, the look-out man in
the town of Rugen signalled a fleet of
snips in the offing. They were men-of
war, carrying the French flag. "The
French are coming!" people shouted to
each other. "They are going to land!"
Firmin Boriard heard iE. "The French
are coming !" rang in his ears like the
boom of an alarm-gun. It told him that
he was a lost man. Nevertheless, a
thought struck him which relieved his
heart by a glimmer of hope.
He ran home, put on his uniform,
seized his arms, and mounted guard on
the very spot where five years before,
he bad been unintentionally abandoned
Meanwhile boats full of soldiers rowed
towards the hillock. In the fore—part
of one of the boats was a black and
white poodle. As it approached the
beach, the creature barked with joy.
In spite of his anxiety, Firmin's eyes
filled with tears as he recognized his
old friend Capucin. The dog unable to
master his impatience, jumped into the
sea and swam to shore.
As Boon as the boats had come within
earshot, Firruiu "made ready," and
shouted at the o pp of his voice, " Qui
vivo?"
" Qui vive, yourself ?" said the occu
pants of the first boat, which was filled
with officers, composing Marshal Da
voust's staff. "Who are you?" And
what are you doing here ?"
" I am a sentinel keeping guard.
"A pretty sentinel! How long have
you been on guard ?"
"Five years."
"It is time to coin° down, then,"
shouted the officers laughing.
Wheu descended from his
hill, Capucin ran to meet him half way,
barking with joy, and jumping into
his arms.
" Poor Capuciu have It all your own
way this time. Do whatever you like.
Dirty me, tear my clothes; I shan't
send you way. I ought to have made
a better return for your attempt to serve
me."
Followed by the faithful dog, Firmin
joined his former comrades. He gave
plain account of what had happened
By a lucky chance, the corporal who
I had forgotten him, and who had since
been promoted, belonged to Marshal
Devoust's stet: He received his old
comrade with open arms. Firmin, In
return invited his countrymen to the
4; farm, where ho entertained them with
liberal hospitality. The adventure
reached Marshal Bayonet's ears. He
; laughed at Firmin'e stratagem, and
I presented him with a discharge drawn
up in due form. "I should not like the
; brave fellow," he said, "to appear be
' fore a court-martial, after having kept
guard so long."
Flrmin continued a farmer. He had
a large family, who at present rill the
biggest and most important offices in
the island. They are commonly known
as the Sentinel's Family. When the
French finally left Rugen, Capuciu re
mained. Like his master, he forgot his
military tastes, and devoted himself ex
clusively to farming.
Gambling Extraordinary
The newspapers have a story of Com
modore Vanderbilt seeing a blackleg's
bluff at poker, and going a thirty thou
sand-dollar steamboat better; but this
is hardly up to an affair which we re
collect reading long since in a Missis
sippi paper. In the days when the Hon.
George Poindexter represented that
State iu the Senate, say some thirty-five
years ago, before the time of railroads,
he started from Natchez by an up-river
boat, on his way to Washington. The
Agricultural Bank having a heavy de
posit to make in one of the Pitts
burg banks, entrusted the money
to his charge. Before twenty-four
hours had elapsed some of the sporting
fraternity were making up a little game
and Invited the Senator to take a hand,
and he, nothing loth, consented. The
game ran about the usual course of such
things, while the professionals were
taking the measure of their intended
victim, and guessing at the size of his
pile. When these points were settled
to their satisfaction, the business began
in earnest. Au overpowering hand was
dealt to Mr. Poindexter, upon which he
made a small bet; the others passed,
with oue exception, who " saw him "
and went a thousand dollars better. To
this he responded with another thou
sand dollars better, when the gambler
replied, " I see your thousand dollars
and go thirty thousand better "—for,
perceiviv that this customer was pret
ty flush, he did not dare risk a
few thousands. Poindexter replied
that that was more money than
he had, but he would put up his
-.pile, which entitled him to a sight.
This the other denied to be the law.
"Certainly," said Mr. P., "'always un
derstand that a gentleman hits a right
to a show for his money." "Not unless •
it is stipulated beforehand ;" and the
gambler appealed to the "gentlemen"
present, who sustained him. "Come,"
said the ruffian, throwing down a well
filled pocket book, and laying his watch
on the table, "I go thirty thousand dol
lars better, and giveyou five minutes to
raise the money." Poindexter bid him
count his' money; and there it was,
sure enough, in good bills. "Well,"
said he, rising, "I will Bee if I can find
any friends who will furnish the funds"
and he passed into the ladies' cabin, In
which was his state-room. He lingered
some time, returned quietly, took his
seat, drew a bulky pocket-book from
his breast, and laying it upon the table,
calmly said : "Sir, / see.'your thirty
thousand dollars and go.a hundred and
twenty thousand dollars,better, and
give you five minutes o raise the
money." It was the turn of the as•
tonished gambler to call for a count,
but before Mr: Poindexter gift through'
with the hundred and fifty, thousand,
he threw down his hand—there being
too many spectators to make it sate to
raise a Tow—and, With his companions,
went ashore at the next woodyard.
Mrs, Lumpkins , Parple Bilk.
A heavy rustling, overbearing, ag
gressive shining, purple silk, scenting
of operas, lace shawls, and chandeliers.
Naturally, it was not well out of its
wrapper when it began to bully us—
that is, my wife, Mrs. Pleiades Lump
kin, and 1. What, indeed, could such
a silk be to a house with a three-ply
carpet and an unmistakable flavor of
dinner In its best room but an insult,
insilkate?
Why did Mrs. Lumpkin buy it ? The
Bazaar, being a feminine oracle, may
divine. For my own part, I have never
yet succeeded in resolving a woman's
' because" into anything like a reason.
From my view, nothing could have
been more inappropriate. When the
makers of that silk laid the threads to
gether, and chose the tints, doubtless
they had the wearer in mind—a round,
rosy dame, stepping down from her
coach with an air and a train. Apart
from the facts of our little house, its
" three-ply," and hair-cloth furniture,
is Mrs. Pleiades that woman? On the
contrary, she is an anxious woman.
She has careful lines about the mouth,
come of helping me in that long pull
and strong pull needed to make both
ends of our income meet. She has
neither the roses, the swing, nor the
plump contours. If she were a book,
her title would be, "Thoughts on Pen
nyworths." You see, then, that when
ever she wore it, this opulent silk must
be a sly and constant satire upon her.
I have been speaking only of the silk
in the raw, as it lay yet in its wrap
pings. Now it is true that it convicted
us, whenever we looked at it, of our ut
ter shabbiness. Still we had it then at
a certain disadvantages. Mrs. Pleiades
could do what she liked with it—make
it into a coverlet if she pleased, and
leave it to flout our imitation walnut
bedstead and brown wall paper. But
for silks as for human beings there is no
standing still. Following the lead of
its destiny it must develop into a dress.
From that moment it began to require :
First, a dress-maker. Mrs. Pleiades
habitually made her own dresses ; but
from the very beginning it was so evi
dent that she had nothing in common
with her silk that she engaged a dress
maker without delay. The dress-maker
was a great creature. She took my
wife's measure—l mean her social
measure—ata glance. She handed "the
silk" audaciously, and thrdw my wife
into au agony by suggesting that the
pattern was short. She was a perfect
Nena Sahib In our little domicile. She
destroyed our petty illusions, and our
modest aspirations, with a certain pleas
ure worthy of that monster. She would
tfilk to us, poor minnows, of nothing
but whales. She roused Mrs. Pleiades
to a maddening envy of certain ladles
whom she had never seen in her life.
Finally shedecreed that the dress should
be piped, and trimmed with satin and
lace.
Piped! Mrs. Pleiades came to me
about. My notion was of some such
subterranean net work as is under the
pavements, a substitute for crinoline,
perhaps, or something just discovered
to be healthy .
' What are the pipes made for ?" I
asked in all innocence; "and won't
they be weighty to carry about my dear?"
And I protest I never was so astonish
ed as when Mrs. Pleiades flew out in a
rage, and vowed " that I had no smy
pathy, and was laughing at her."
The dress was piped out of our little
fund in bank. Mrs. Pleiades had not
once thought of trimmings. She had
achieved the silk by months of clipping
shillings here and hoarding pennies
there; it was the o3e blossom of her
self-denial. There was nothing left for
leaves and buds. Nena Sahib scouted
Mrs. Pielades's timid suggestions of
trimming with the silk, or of no trim
ming; and we were always at the dis•
advantage with this dress that we should
have been with a white elephant or a
fairy unexpectedly quartered upon us.
Knowing nothing of the habits of the
animal, we must believe whatever was
told us concerning it.
So the dress was piped, and besprink
led with velvet and lace, and when
Nena Sahib was paid also, it became
clear that I should wear my old over
coat this winter. But who would not
forego a new overcoat for the pleasure
of teaching his wife a lesson?
A dress finished Is the child come to
mall's estate. You know then where to
rank it. Mrs. Pleiades' silk had become
a dinner dress. But Mrs. Pleiades lays
the cloth, broils the steak, and bakes
the bread herself. Could Mrs. Pleiades
broil and bake. in a purple silk, piped
and trimmed with satin. Or could Mrs.
Pleiades, having dished the dinner in a
calico, rush to her wardrobe and array
herself in the purple silk, while the
gravy cooled, and I thumped on the
table? Or could Mrs. Pleiades wear the
purple silk when she took her sewing
of an evening across the way, or when
"across the way" came over to us? No,
a thousand times no. You may take
liberties with an alpaca; there is adap—
tability in a merino ; but it was not
to be expected that Mrs. Pleiades' silk
should conform to us. We were to con
form to the silk. It was made for grand
occasions. We were to manufacture the
grand occasions. For people of our
stamp there is but one grand occasion,
and that is going to church. . . .
But to what shall I liken this in ati•
able silk ; it was like the relentless step
mother in the fairy tales. Wherr the
poor child has wound the tangled skein
as thick as fonr persons, she must sepa
rate in their order thousands of mixed
feathers, and when the feathers are in
order she must find strawberries under
the ice. One difficulty only hid another
behind it. What should Mrs. Pleiades
wear with the purple silk? Mrs. Plei
ades has worn her cloak for three win
ters and it is brown. Mrs. Pleiades'
bonnet is two winters old and it is green,
and I think I have already hinted that
we had exhausted our fund in the bank.
Those were days of trial for Mrs. Plei
ades. If wishing were a power, the
brown cloak and green bonnet must
have turned purple under our eyes.
She ransacked the trunks and rag-bags ;
she pored over the fashion-plates; she
shut herself up of evenings. I, on my
part, watched her struggles with soli.
citude, and blindly rejoiced when in
formed that she had an idea. In all our
wedded life I had never seen Mrs. Plei
ades so careworn and harassed.
My wife has always been a model of
punctuality. At precisely a quarter of
10 she is ready to start for church. But
on this Sunday—l am referring to the
first appearance of the purple silk—she
was late. She came down in a flustered
state, and rather avoided my eyes as we
went out of the door. I respected her
nervousness, and talked about the
weather, and it was only by degrees, and
after quiet glances from under my hat
brim, that I came to a definite conclu
sion regarding her appearance.
Something had happened to Mrs.
Pleiades's cloak. It had always been a
large, matronly, cozy wrap, the sort of
cloak for which you might feel an actual
friendship, and by which you might
know Mrs. Pleiades any where, and in
my secret heart I had always fancied
that she produced in It a majestic and
impossing effect. Now it was short, it
had sleeves, it had shrunken in about
her. It looked as if, stricken with sud
den terror by the purple silk, it bad ,at
tempted to end its wretched existence,
and only stopped in the mad attempt
just below Mrs. Pleladee's waist. The
effect was disastrous. Mrs. Pleiades le
accustomed to fullness and folds about
the shoulders, and in her skimped di
minished condition was plainly at a loss
how to dispose of her hands and arms.
She was equally troubled with her train !
Worthy woman, what had she to do
with trains? She was doubtful about
the gorgeous silk among the sober
walking-dresses around her. She won
dered what people said of her brown
cloak and green bonnet. She wished
that her gloves were fresher, and that
they were not black. If she had com
mitted murder, she could hardly have
looked more conscious and uncomfort
able. Mrs. Pleiades' savings, our fund
in bank, her anxieties, researches, and
struggles, had only made her ridiculous
and uncomfortable.
You think, my dear Madam, that I
had better have listened to the sermon
than to sit there poking fun at my wife?
But I was riot poking fun. I was pon
dering as became a philosopher, on
one o 1 the deepest mysteries in the
feminine make-up. Mrs. Pleiades is a
fair example, not a notable exception,
to the rest of :womankind. Plenty of
women there are like her, for whom,
given a merino, and the result is hap
piness ; given a silk, and the result
is misery. Why will nine out
of ten of such women choose
the silk ? I am convinced, by
watched experiences, that there is
some perverse domestic demon who
LANCASTER PA. WEDNESDAY MORNING FEBRUARY 19 1868
breaks the bottle in the medicine chest
that is to be wanted next in the middle
of the night, and keeps the trunk in
which are the childret's night-clothes
when part of your baggage is left behind.
Can there be a similar shopping-demon,
airily promenading beside the walking
clerks, and maliciously deciding the
wavering woman in the plain shawl and
the puzzled, apple-checked country girl
secretly counting her money under the
shelter of spite of cloakings?—.Harper's
Bamar.
Derrlsh es
The dervishes fill the same place In
the East that the monks did in the West.
They have their convents, or Tekkiehs,
too, and very numerous these must be,
for the author of the book whose title
is given below fills thirteen pages with
a list of those to be found at Constanti
nople alone. But the occupants of the
Tekkieh, twelve and upwards In each,
form only a small section of the com
munity,—multitudes of Mussulmans
being everywhere affiliated as lay bro
thers. Many of these institutions are
richly endowed, but their inmates fare
none the better for it, since the surplus
revenues are devoted to the relief of the
poor. And their number is perpetu
ally augmenting, for the dervish chiefs
have a keen eye to the " spiritual desti
tution " especially of the metropolitan
districts, and, when they consider a
Tekkieh needed in any quarter, forth
with they organize the requisite staff,
and, leaving the rest to Providence and
the exertions of these gentlemen,
trouble themselves no further in the
matter, feeling thoroughly assured of
the result.
The origin of the brotherhood is in
volved in obscurity. Unquestionably it
has a very respectable antiquity, and
probably dates from a period prior to
the advent of the Prophet; but most
people will be inclined to disagree with
those Oriental writers quoted by Mr.
Brown,* who number most of the patri
archs, including Adam himself, among
Its members. Be the orign, however,
what it may, the present organization is
altogether Mohammedan. Concerning
the peers, or founders of the many
orders into which It is divided, Mr.
Brown tells many stories that striking.-
ly resemble the saintly legends of Chris
tendom, as, for instance, of the Sheikh
Jebawa, who in his day wus accustom
ed to use lively puff adders as cords for
his fagots, and who founded the order
of serpent-charmers.
The dervish somehow or other man
ages to make the theology of the Koran
harmonize with the following panthe
istic opinions—that the outward forms
of religion are matters of indifference ;
that paradise, hell, and the positive dog
mas of religion are allegories ; that God
and nature are identical, that all beings
are emanations from the Divinity; that
there is no real difference between good
and evil; that the soul is confined as
in a cage in the body, and if through
sin it become incapable of annihilation
in the Deity by the process called death,
it must undergo metempsychosis until
sufficiently purified '
• and that the great
object of the dervish is intense medita
tion on the Unity, which he calls
"Zikr," and which he aids and culti
vates in every possible way. This medi
tation must be so profound and continu
ous that, even in the midst of a crowd,
the meditator shall hear no disturbing
sound, and that every word spoken, no
matter by whom, shall appear the echo
of the Zikr. The dervish believes that
by incessant ,practice of this Zikr the
soul, even in this life, may assimilate
itself with God in power as well as in
perfection. This state is called " Kuv
veh i roohee batinee," which attained,
the dervish becomes invested with the
most extraordinary powers,—prophetic
and miraculous. Mr. Brown gives many
anecdotes illustrative of .this power,
which occasionally condescends to pro
duce very ordinary results. "In my
youth," writes a dervish, " I was
the inseparable companion of the
Said Molana at Herat. It happen
ed one day, as we walked out together,
that we fell in with a company who
were engaged in a wrestling match.
As an experiment, we agreed Wald with
our powers of the will one of the wrest
lers so that he should overcome the
other, and after" doing so to change
our design in favor of the loser. So we
stopped,and turning towards the parties,
gave the full influence of our united wills
to one. and immediately he was able to
subdue his opponent. As we chose, each
in turn conquered the other—whichever
we willed to prevail instantly grew the
stronger, and thus the power of our wills
was clearly manifested."
On another occasion a similar pair
came upon a mob gathered round a prize •
fight. To prevent any of the crowd
from passing between and separating ;
us," writes one, "we joined our hands
together. One of the combatants was
a powerful fellow, while the other was
spare and weak, and, of course, the
former bad it all his own way. Seeing
this, I proposed to my companion to
overthrow the stronger man by the force
of our wills. He agreed, and accord
ingly we concentrated our powers upon
the weaker party. Immediately a won
derful occurrence took place. The thin,
spare man seized his giant like oppo•
nent and threw him to the ground with
astonishment as he turned him over
on his back and held him clown
with apparent ease. Nor did any one
present except ourselves know the cause.
Seeing that my companion's eyes were
much effected by the effort which he
had made, I bade him remark how per.
fectly successful we had been, and ad
ding that there was no longer any ne
cessity for our remaining here, we walk
ed away." It is impossible to contend
with au Arif or knowing person pos
sessed of the power of the will; nor
when lie is inclined to assist is it neces
sary that the individual should be a
believer. He may even be an infidel,
since his faith is not necessary to the
performance of the wiper's design.—
After relatingseveral achievements of a
celebrated sheikh, relieving a beleaguer
ed city and dispersing an enormous army
being among them—Mr. Brown con
tinues to this effect: Many individuals
who oppressed his friends received pun
ishment through the power of this
sheikh; some even fell sick and died,
or were only restored to health by
openly declaring their penitence and
by imploring his intercession with
Allah. His spirit even accompanied
his friends and enabled him to com
mune with them at immense distances.
His power of affecting the health of
those who injured himself or his friends
was greatly increased when he was ex
cited by anger, and then his whole
frame would be convulsed and his beard
moved as if by electricity. Occasional
ly he exerted his powers in such a man
ner as to throw individuals into a sort
of trance, which deprived them of
memory ; nor could they e.nerge from
that state until he thought fit to release
them. Whenever the details of any
cruelty practised on the innocent reach
ed his ears, the skeikh would be
strangely affected, so much so that none
dared to address him until the paroxysm
was over, and on such occasions he
never failed to communicate spiritually
with the prince who had commanded
these cruelties, nor to control him to
deal vengeance on the really guilty.
Notwithstanding all these eminent
powers, this great skeikh is reputed to
have spent his last days at Herat in ex
treme indigence, much slighted by those
who had so greatly revered him during
the vigor of his spiritual facultlea all fear
of which had died out,—indeed, it is told
that these faculties declined with the
natural decay of his ordinary strength
of mind and body.
Nor is the power of the will limited
to merely earthly objects. The practice
of the Zikr discloses the spirit world to
the devotee, and enables him to arrest
and hold converse with angel and jinn,
and especially with the RUM I Cthaib,
or unseen men, concerning whom we
can scarcely do better than condense
and compound the varying descriptions
with which Mr. Brown favors us : Three
of this band, called the masters of des
tiny, the Kutb, or centre, and his' two
umeva, or faithful neverleave their post
on the summit of the Caaba. The re
mainder wander everywhere over the
whole world In obedience to the divine
command, completing its circuit in a
month. Every morning they return to
Mecca, report their proceedings to the
Kutb, say their prayers, and set out
anew in the direction laid down for the
day on the daireh, or 'guiding circle,
which each of them carries, and which
Is divided into thirty parts. The juris
diction of these wanderers includes
everything human, nor can anything
•" The Dervishes, or Oriental Spiritualism."
By John P. Brown, Secretary and Dragoman of
the Legation of the United States of America
et Oonstantlnople. (London: Trubner andl)a.
188t0
be done until they have decided con-;
cerning it. By consulting the tables of ;
the daireh, it is possible to ascertain the ;
direction in which they are going on ,
any particular day, and to Igok to them '
for help, which is never refused to the
worthy. These Rijal I Ghaib, as the
dervish believes, are human beings,
still in the body, who have done indeed
with common life and its duties, but !
over whose changeless heads centuries
must pass before the angel of death
calls them to union with Allah, and
opens their office to others, who are
rendered worthy of it by the practice of
the Mr. Nor are the Rijal I Ghaib the
only dervishes who have prolonged
their lives indefinitely by this means;
there are many others still existing, ;
and destined to exist until the close of
time, as the Iman Mehdee, but chiefly
El Khizr the mysterious, the founder
of dervishism, and the instructor ofthe
patriarchs in its mysteries.
To become a dervish it is necessary to
be regularly affiliated to pass through a
long and trying ordeal. The ceremonies
attending initiation are much the same '
in all orders—we give a summary of
those practised by the Bektashees.—
Having found two sponsors, themselves
full-blown dervishes, to introduce him,
the aspirant provides a sheep and a sum
of money proportionate to his means, ;
and hastens to the Tekkieh on the night
appointed. At the door he finds is
sponsors, who sacrifice the sheep on Ii
e
sill. Putting the flesh aside for the
feast that is to close the ceremony, '
they twist a :portion of the wool into
a cord, which they throw round the
neck of the novice, and retain the re-;
maluder to be woven into that essential
portion of his future costume,—the tat
bend, or belt. Inside the door he finds
three others, who, if he intends to the
severer vows, including those of cell-',
bacy, strip him altogether,—otherwise '
only to the waist.; but in the latter case'
they take care to remove every mineral
substance from about his person. He
is now led by the woollen cord into the
hall, where he finds the skeikh and
and twelve brethren seated in a semi
circle
in front of the Maidan Tash,—a !
stone with twelve angles. His conduc
tors place the aspirant ou this stone
with his head bent humbly, and his
arms crossed on his breast. In this
position he repeats certain prescribed
prayers after the skein. Ho is then;
led down and placed kneeling before
the latter, who grasps his hands '
and administers the oaths,—lnclu
ding one of secrecy, and thus his novi
tiate commences. This is in every re
spect a species of penal servitude—as
irksome as fanaticism can make it.
Every day a certain number of tedious
forms must be observed, many annoy
ing little tasks performed, and a few
prayers repeated, from 101 to the very
comfortable number of 1,001 times each
—while, if the unfortunate murid omit ;
but a single one of his impositions, the ;
novitiate must recommence. At the
close of this period—in most cases 1,001
days—he obtains the statue of a dervish, ,
and is invested ceremoniously with the
costume. The chief articles of this dress
are the taj or cap, the khirka or man
tle,
and the taibend or belt. In ad- 1
dition to these the dervish wears ear
rings called mengoosh, a stone attached ,
to the neck, teslem Lash, and another in
the girdle, pelenk. Every article is the
subject of many wonderful legends, and
has a hundred different mystic signifl
cations, many of which Mr. Brown in
filets on us in all their tediousness, but
which we shall neglect, merely remark•
ing that the taj is by far the most im
portant Item, that it is formed of several
pieces called terks, which vary in num
ber
according to the wearer's order and
grade, and that it is marked and in
scribed in all directions with mystic
word and sign.
With respect to their ceremonies, we
find that each order requires its mem
bers to recite certain prayers at fixed
hours, in private as well as in common.
Some of these are not very lively per
formances; as, for instance, sitting
stock still in a circle until the phrase,
"La ilaha Ill' Allah," has been repeated
1,001 times. Several orders, however,
indulge in practices a little more ex-'
citing, and in each of their convents
there is a hall devoted to such exercises.
This apartment is formed of wood, and
has nothing to show in the way of or
nament. That side facing Mecca con
tains a niche with the name of the'
peer, and some of the "beautiful names
of God," of which there are ninety
nine in all. inscribed above it, and a
sheepskin carpet for the sheikh
spread in front. As the prac
tices of the Itufaees or Howlers
include those of the other sects—the
. Mevlevees, &c.--we give a summary of
them from the several different ac
counts with which Mr. Brown pro.
vides us. Each of these exhibitions is
, divided into five acts, and lasts about
' three hours. The first act comprises the
following items in the order we accord :
them: A hymn in honor of The sheikh,
the obeisance to the peer—the chanting
of the Tekbeer and Fatiha—which are
mere introductory matters, and con
cludes with a vigorous specimen of the
real business of the evening, consisting
in an incessant yell of "Allah," ac
companied by some such elegant
contortions as those in which clown
and pataloon delight, and lng
I until the actors are out of b a r sti eath.
' The second act opens where the other
left ell', with some slight variation of
the motions and additional power in the
shrieks. At first, as during the whole
of the opening act, the dervishes retain
their seats. In ten minutes or so how
ever, they rise, and without changing
places swaylviolently on one foot from
right to left, and alternate the wild',
scream of " Allah" with the still wilder
one " Ya Hoo," butaiways maintaining
admirable time and cadence. After a
quarter of an hour at this sharp work,
some of the performers"—as our very
circumstantial author informs us—
" sigh, others sob, others ,again per
spire great drops," and we quite credit
Mr. Brown—of course they do. Out of
breath, there is a pause, but not a long
one, and the third act begins. Now the
fun grows furious, the movemen ts quick
en, and the yells redouble, one of the
older hands taking his place in the cen
tre to reanimate such as flag, and to
stimulate all to fiercer exertions.
Another pause, and act four begins. It
is someting like a cannibal dance—the •
wildest scene of a Feejee carnival. Still
retaining their semi-circular arrange
ment, the dervishes jam theirshoulders
together, and sweep round and round
the hall in outrageous hornpipe, diver
sified with a violent dash of highland
fling, and accompanied by a perfect
hurricane of yells. The scene is be
yond measure exciting. Even the
Sheikh, hitherto silent and impas
sive, catches the contagion, and,
joining the circle, emulates the
maddest of his disciples. Towards the
close of this act some of the older der
vishes quit the ranks and take down
certain awkward-looking iron tools
which hang, along with a number of
cutlasses, round the walls. These are
heated to a white glow and presented to
the sheikh. The whole of the dervishes,
mad as March hares, cluster round him,
hustling each other for the nearest place.
The sheikh prays over the irons, in
vokes the peer of the order, and, breath
ing on each, hands them to the der
vishes, who struggle and fight for the I
glowing bars as if they were so many
sceptres. In an instant a disorderly
rilaBB, leaping, whirling, yelling, and
wielding their weapons in alldlrections,
astonishes the hall. They hug the hot
irons, "gloat upon them tenderly,
lick them, bite them, hold them be
tween their teeth, and end by cooling
them in their mouths." Those who
are unable to secure iron lay hold of the
cutlasses and thrust them furiously into
their sides, arms, and legs. The sheikh
walks round, surveys the dervishes one
by one, breathes upon their wounds,
rubs them with saliva, and in twenty
four hours afterwards not even a scar is
to be seen ; a fact, if fact it be, which
proves satisfactorily euough that the
Rufaees exercise their madness with
very considerable method.
But the dervishes are not mere ex
travagant fanatics. Some of them dis
play a liberality of sentiment that is not
always found in "arifs" of purer opin
ion. Many of their sayings and much
of their writings would do no dis•
credit to the calmest philosophy. And
dangerous as their pantheistic notions
certainly are, their precepts are preg
nant with the most elevated morality.
True, there are only too many unprin
cipled vagabonds who call themselves
dervishes, and whose freaks, vices, and
ignorance draw down ridicule and con
tempt on the whole system. But there
is no institution of any antiquity in ex
istence of which something similar may
not be said. These aside, dervishlemis
far from being a mixture of unmitigated
folly and gross deception, nor is the
dervish always a dolt or a cheat, by
any means. The various orders can
boast of many St. Bernardo among their
founders; and at this very hour LIS CLIUCiI
Purity, intellect, and benevolence may
be found within the Tekkieh as ever
the convent could boast of.
The Johnson and Grant Correspondence
Crushing Reply or the President
tirours Untruthfulness and Duplicity
Proved by the Cabinet.
Apologetic Letter from Grant
He Tries to Wriggle out Through a very
Small Hole.
WASHINGTON, Feb. 11.—The President
this afternoon sent the fonowing letters to
the House of Representatives, in accordance
with the resolution adopted yesterday:
PRESIDENT JOHNSON TO GEN. GRANT
EXECUTIVE MANSION, Feb. 10, 15d8.
General: The extraordinary character of
your letter of the 3d inst., would seem to
preclude any reply on my part. But the
manner iti which publicity has been
given to the correspondence of which that
letter formed a part, and the grave ques
tions which are involved, Induce me to take
this mode of giving, as a proper sequel to
the communications which have passed be
tween us, the statement of the live mem
bers of the Cabinet who were present on
the occasion of our conversation of the Atli
ult. Copies of the letters which they have
addressed to me upon the subject are ac
cordingly herewith enclosed.
You speak of my letter of the 31st ult. as
a reiteration of the many and gross mis
representations contained in certain news
paper articles, and reassert the correctness
of the statements contained in your com
munication of the 28th ult., adding, and
here I give your own words, anything In
yours in reply to it to the contrary not
withstanding. Whenever a controversy
upon matters of fact reaches the point to
which' this has been brought, farther asser
tion or denial between the immediate par
ties should cease, especially where upon
either side it loses the character of the re
spectful discussion which Is required by
the relation in which the parties stand to
each other, and degenerates in tone and
temper. In such a case, If there is nothing
to rely upon but the opposing statements,
conclusions must be drawn from these
statements alone, and from whatever in
trinsic probabilities they afford in favor of
or against either of the parties, I should
not shrink from this test in the controversy;
but, fortunately, it Is not lett to this teat
alone. There were live Cabinet officers
present at the conversation, the details of
which, in my letter of the 28th ultimo, you
allow yourself to say contains many and
gross misrepresentations. These gentlemen
heard that conversation, and have read my
statement. They speak for themselves, and
I leave the proof without a word of ck,m
went.
I deem it proper, before concluding this
communication, to notice some of the state
ments contained in your letter. You say
that it performance of the promises alleged
to have been made by you to the President
would have involved a resistance to law and
an inconsistency with the whole history of
my connection with the suspension of M.r.
Stanton. You then state thatyou had fears
that the President would, on the removal of
Mr. Stanton, appoint some one in his place
who would embarrass the army in carrying
out the Reconstruction acts, and said, "It
was to prevent such au appointment that I
accepted the appointment of Secretary of
War ad interim, and not for the purpose of
enabling you to get rid of Mr. Stanton, by
my withholding it from him in opposition
to law, or out doing so myself, surrendering
it to one who would, as the statements and
assumptionsin yourcommunlea tion plainly
indicate was sought."
First of all, you have admitted that, from
the very beginning of what you term the
whole history of your connection with Mr.
Stanton's suspension, you intended to cir
cumvent the President. It was to carry out
that intent that you accepted that appoint
ment. It was in your mind at the time of
your acceptance. It was not, then,
in obedience to the order of your
superior, as has heretofore been supposed,
that you assumed the duties of the office.
You knew it was the President's purpose
to prevent Mr. Stanton from resuming the
office of Secretary of War, and you intended
to defeat that purpose. You accepted the
office, not in the interest of the President,
but of Mr. Stanton.
If this purpose, so entertained by you, had
been confined to yourself; if, when accept
ing the office, you had done so with a men
tal reservation to frustrate the President, it
would have been a tacit deception. In the
ethics of some persons such a course is al
lowable, but you cannot stand even upon
that questionable ground. The history of
your connection with this transaction, as
written by yourself, places you in a diffi
cult predicament, and shows that you not
only concealed your design from the Presi
dent, but induced him to suppose that you
would carry out his purpose to keep Mr.
Stanton out of office by retaining it yourself
after an attempted restoration by the Senate,
so as to require Mr. Stanton to establish his
right by judicial decision. •
I now give that part of this history as
written by yourself in your letter of the 28th
ult : " Some time after I assumed the duties
of Secretary of War ad interim, the Presi
dent asked me my views as to the course
Mr. Stanton would have to pursue in case
the Senate should not concur in his sus
pension, to obtain possession of his office.
My reply was in substance—that Mr. Stan
ton would have to appeal to the Courts to
reinstate him, illustrating my polition by
citing the ground I had taken in the case of
the Baltimore Police Commissioners."
Now, at that time, as you admit in your
letter of the 3d inst. ' you held the office for
the very object of defeating an appeal to the
Courts. In that letter you say that, in ac
cepting the office, ono motive was to pre
vent toe President from appointing some
other person who would retain possession,
and thus make judicial proceedings neces
sary. You knew the> President was un
willing to trust the office with any one who
would not, by holding it, compel Mr. Stan
ton to resort to the Courts. ou perfectly
understood that to this interview, some
time alter you accepted the office, the Pres
ident, not content with your silence, desired
an expression of your views, and you an
swered him that Mr. Stanton would have to
appeal to the Courts.
If the President had reposed confidence
before he knew your views, and that confi
dence had been violated, it might have been
said ho made a mistake, but a violation of
confidence reposed after that conversation
was no mistake of his or of yours. It is
the pest only that needs be stated. That at
the date of this conversation you did not in
tend to hold the office with the purpose of
forcing Mr. Stanton into Court, but did hold
It then, and had accepted It to prevent that
course from being carried out.
In other words, you said to the President,
that is the proper course, and you said to
yourself, I have accepted this office, and
now hold it to defeat that course. The ex
cuse you make in a subsequent paragraph
of that letter of the 28th ult., that after
wards you changed your views to what
would be a proper course, has nothing to do
with the point now under consideration.
The point Is, that before you changed your
views you had secretly determined to do
the very thing which at last you did. Sur
renoer the office to Mr. Stanton.
You may have changed your views as to
the law, but you certainly did not change
your views as to the course you had marked
out for yourself from the beginning. I will
duly notice one more statement in your let
ter of the 2d inst. ; that the performance of
the promises which, it is alleged, were made
by you, would have involved you in the re
sistance of the law. I know of no statute
that would have been violated, had you, in
carrying out your promises in good faith
tendered your resignation when you con
cluded not to be made a party in any legal
proceedings.
You add : " I am in a measure confirmed
in this conclusion by your recent order, di
recting me to disobey orders from the Sec
retary of War, my superior and your sub
ordinate, without having countermanded
his authority to issue the orders I am to
disobey."
On the 24th ultimo you addressed a note
to the President, requesting in writing an
order given to you verbally five days be
fore to disregard orders from Mr. Stanton,
as Secretary of War, until you knew from
the President himself that they wore his
orders. On the 27th, in compliance with
yonr request, I did give you instructions
In writing not to obey any order from the
War Department assumed to be issued by
the direction of the President, unless such
order is known by the General command•
lug the armies of tile United States to have
been authorized by the Executive. There
are some orders which a Secretary of War
may issue without the authority of the
President. There are others which he MHOS
simply as the agent of the President, and
which purport to \ be by direction of the
President. For such orders the President
is responsible, and' he should,' therefore,
know and understand iyhat they are before
giving such directions.
Mr. Stanton states in his. letter of the 4th
instant, which accompanies the published
correspondence, that he had no correspond
ence with the Preeident since the 14th of
August last, and he further says that sine*
ho resumed the duties of the office he had
continued to discharge them without any
personal or written communication with the
President; and he adds: " No orders have
been issued from this Department in, the
name of the President with my knowledge,
and I have received no orders from "him."
It thus seems that Mr. Stanton now dis
charges the duties of the War Department•
without any reference to the President, and
without using his name.
My order to you had only reference to
orders assumed to be issued by direction of
'the President, It would appear from Mr.
Stanton's letter that you have received no
such orders from him. However, in your
note to th e President of the 13th ultimo, in
which you acknowledge the receipt of the
written order of the 29th, you say that you
have been informed by Mr. Stanton that be
has not received any order limiting his
authority to issue orders to tho army, ac
cording to the practice of the Department,
and state that, while this authority to the
Department is not countermanded, It will be
satisfactory evidence to me that any orders
issued from the War Department by direc
tion of the President are authorized by the
Executive."
The President issues an order to you to
obey no order from the War Department,
purporting to be made by the direction of
the President, until you have referred to
him for his approval. Yon reply that you
have received the President's order, and
will not obey It, but will obey an order pur
porting to be given by his direction, if it
comes from the War Department. You
will not obey the order of the President,
but you will obey his Indirect order. If, as
von say, there has been a practice. in the
'War Department to issue orders in the
name of the President, without his direc
tion, does not the precise order you have re
quested and received change the practice as
to the General of the Army? Could not tho
President countermand any such order Is
sued to you from the War Department ? If
you should receive an order from that De
partment, issued In the name of the Presi
dent, to do a special act, and an order di
rectly from the President himself not to do
the act, is there a doubt which you are to
obey? You answer the question when you
say to the President in your letter on the
3d inst., "The Secretary of War is my supe
rior and your subordinate."
Without further continent upon the in
subordinate attitude which you have as
sumed, I am at a loss to know how you
can relieve yourself from obedience to the
orders of the President, who is made by the
Constitution, the Commander-in-Chief of
the Army and Navy, and is therefore the
official superior as well of the General or
the army as the Secretary of War.
Respectfully yours,
ANDREW JOHNSON.
General U. S. Grant, commanding the Ar
tifice of the United States, Washington,
D. C.
PRESIDENT JOHNSON 'lO I:Hr.:ALE - ALBERS
OF THE CABINET.
Copy of letter addressed to each of the
members of the Cabinet present at the con
versation between the President and Gen.
Grant on January 14, 1888:
EXECUTIVE MANSION, WASHINGTON, D.
C., Feb. 5,1868.—. Sir : The Chronicle of this
morning contains a correspondence between
the President and General Grant, reported
from the War Department, in answer to a
resolution of the House of Representatives.
I beg to call your attention to that corres
pondence, and especially to that part of it
which refers to the conversation between
the President and General Grant at the
Cabinet meeting on Tuesday, the 14th of
January, and to request you to state what.
was said in that conversation.
Very respectfully,
ANDREW JOHNSON
TE3TLILONY OF SECRETARY WELLS
WASHINGTON, D. C., February 5, 18138.
Sir Your note of this date'was handed to
me this evening. My recollection of the
conversation at the Cabinet meeting on
Tuesday ,the 14th of January, correspond
with your statement of it in the letter of
the 31st ultimo, iu the published corres
pondence. The main points specified in
that letter giving your recollection of the
conversation are correctly stated.
Very respectfully, GIDEON WELLES.
To the President :
TESTIMORY OF SECRETARY McCULLOCR
TREASURY DEPARTMENT, Feb. 6th, 1865.
—Sir: I have received your note of the sth
instant, calling my attention to the corres
pondence between yourself and General
Grant, as published in the Chronicle of yes
terday, especially that part of it which re
lates to what occurred at the Cabinet meet
ing on Tuesday, the 14th ult., and request
ing me to state what was said in the con
versation referred to. I cannot undertake
to state the precise language used, but I
have no hesitation in saying that your ac
count of that conversation, as given in your
letter to General Grant, under date of the
31st ult., substantially, and in all import
ant particulars, accords with my recollec
tion of it. With great respect, your obedient
H. McCutLoca
servant.,
7b the President
TESTIMONY OF POSTMASTER GENERAL
RANDALL.
POST-OFFICE DEPARTMENT, WASHING
TON. D. C., Feb. 6, 1868.—Sir: I am in re
ceipt of your letter of February sth, calling
my attention to the correspondence pub
lished in the Chronicle between the Presi
dent and General Grant, and especially to
that part of it which refers to the conversa
tion between the President and General
Grant at the Cabinet meeting on Tuesday,
14th of January, with a request that I state
what was said in that conversation. In
reply, I have the honor to state that I have
read carefully the correspondence in ques
tion, and particularly the letter of the Presi
dent to General Grant dated January 31.
1868. The following extract from your letter
of January 20 to Gen. Grant, is, according to
my recollection, a correct statement of the
conversation that took place between the
President and General Grant at the Cabinet
meeting on January 14th last. In the pre
sence of the Cabinet, the President asked
General Grant whether, in a conversation
which took place after his appointment as
Secretary of War ad Interim, he did not
agree either to remain at the head of the
War Department, and abide any Judicial
proceedings that might follow the non-con
currence by the Senate in Mr. Stanton's
suspension, or should he wish not to be
come involved in such a cotroyersy, to put
the President in the same position with re
garcl to the °thee as he occupied previous to
General Grant's appointment, by returning
it to the President in time to anticipate such
action by the Senate.
This General Grant admitted.
The President then asked General Grant
if at the conference on the preceding Satur
day he had not, to avoid misunderstanding,
requested General Grant to state what he
intended to do; and, further, if, in reply to
that inquiry, he (General rant) had not
referred to their former conversation, say
ing, that from them the President under
stood his position, and that his (General
Grant's) action would be consistent with
the understanding which had been reached?
To these questions General Grant replied
in the affirmative. The President asked
General Grant at the conclusion of their in•
terview on Saturday if it was not under
stood that they were to have another con
ference on Monday, before final action by
the Senate in the case of Mr. Stanton?
General Grant replied that such was the
understanding, but that he did not suppose
the Senate would act so 'on; that on Mon
day be had been engaged in a conference
with General Sherman, and was occupied
with many little matters, and asked if
General Sherman had not called on hint
that day ?
I take this mode of complying with the
request contained in the President's letter
to me, because my attentionhas been called
to the subject before, when theconversation
between the President and General Grant
was under consideration.
Very respectfully,
ALEXANDER RA:VDALL,
Postmaster-General
To the President
TESTIMONY OF SECRETARY BR :OWNING.
DEPART3IENT OF THE INTERIOR, WASH
INGTON, D. C., Feb. 6, 1868.—Str lam in
receipt of yours of yesterday, mtlling my
attention to a correspondence between
yourself and General Grant, published in
the Chronicle newspaper, and especially to
that part of your correspondence which re
fers to the conversation between the
President and General Grant at the
Cabinet meeting on Tuesday, 14th,
and requesting me to state what was said
in that conversation. In reply I submit
the following statement :
At the Cabinet meeting on Tuesday, Jan.
14, 1868, General Grant appeared and took
his accustomed seat at the board. When he
had been seated, in the order of business
the President asked him as usual it ho had
anything to present In reply. The General,
after referring to a note which he bud that
morning addressed to the President, enclos
ing a copy of the resolution of the Senate
refusing to concur in the reasons for the
suspension of Mr. Stanton, proceeded to
say that he regarded his duties as Secretary '
of War ad interim terminated by the reso
lution, and that he could not lawfully exe- '
cute such duties after the adoption of the
resolution by the Senate; that the resolu
tion reached him last night, and that this
morning he had gone to the War Depart
ment, entered the Secretary's room, bolted
one door on the inside, locked the other on
the outside, delivered the key to the Adju
tant General, and proceeded to the head
quarters of the army and addressed the
note above mentioned to the President, In
forming him that he (General Grant) was
no longer Secretary of War ad interim. ,
The President expressed great utnbrage
at the course which Gen. Grant had thought
proper to pursue, and, addressing himself
to the General, proceeded to say, in sub
stance, that he had expected such action on
the part of the Senate; and being very de
sirous to have the constitutionality of the
Tenure of Office bill tested, and his right to
suspend or remove a member of the Cabi
net decided by the Judicial tribunals of the
country, he had some time ago and shortly
after Gen. Grant's appointment as Secretary
of War ad interim, asked the General what
his action would bo in the event that the
Senate should refuse to coincide in the sus
pension of Mr. Stanton ; that the General
had then agreed either to remain at the
head of the War Department until a de
clilon could be obtained from the Court, or
resign the office to the President before the
=elms acted upon by the Senate, so as to
I lame the President in the same situation
ate occupied at the time of his (Grant's)• ap-
Dobgfnent.,
The President farther said that the con—
versation was renewed on the preeedinic
NUMBER 7
Saturday, at which he asked the General
what he intended to do if the Senate should
undertake to reinstate Mr. Stanton; In re
ply to which the General referred to their
former conversation on the same subject,
and said: "You understand my position,
and my conduct will be conformable to that
understanding." That be, the &anent',
then expressed a repugnance to being made
a party to a judicial proceeding, saying
action of the President In respect to the
Secretary or War, the question would have
to be decided by the Court, that Mr. Stan
ton would have to appeal to the Court to
reinstate hint in office, that the ins would
remain in till they could be displaced, and
the outs put in by legal proCeedings, and
that he then thought so, and had agreed
that if he should change his mind he would
notify him to make another appointment,
but at the time of the first conversation he
had not looked very closely into the law,
that it had recently been discussed by the
newspapers, and that this had induced him
to examine it more carefully, and that he
had come to the conclusion that if the
Senate should refuse to concur in the sun
pension of Mr. Stanton he would thereby
be reinstated, and that he (Grant) could not
continue thereafter to act as Secretary of
War ad int7i7l4 without subjecting himself
to fine and maprisorunent, and that became
over on Saturday to inform the President
of this change in his views, and did so in
form him.
That the President replied that he bud not
suspended Mr. Stanton under the Tenure of
Office bill, but under the Constitution, and
had appointed him (Grant) by virtue by the
authority derived from the Constitution,
etc., that, they continued to discuss the
matter some time, and finally lie lett with.
out:any conclusion having been reamed,
expecting to see the President on Monday.
He then proceeded to explain why be had
not called on the President on Monday,
saying that be had had a Long interview
with Gen. Sherman, that various little mat
ters bad occupied his time till it was late,
and that he did not think thu Senate would
act so soon, and asked, "Diduot Gen. Sher
man call on you on Monday ?"
I do not know what passed between the
President and General Grant on Saturday,
except'as I learned it from the conversation
between them at the Cabinet meeting on
Tuesday; and the foregoing is substantial
ly what then occurred. The precise words
used on the occasion are not, of course,
given exactly in the order in which they
were spoken, but the ideas expressed and
the filets stated are faithfully preserved and
presented. I have the honor to be, sir, with
great respect, your obedient servant,
(Signed,) U. H. BROWNING.
To the President:
TESTIMONY OF SEi3RETA_RY SEWARD.
DgrAnTmENT OF STATE. WAsui :afros,
February : 6, 1888.—So. 'rho meeting to
which you refer in your letter was a regular
Cabinet meeting. While the members were
assembling, and before the President had
entered the Council Chamber, General
Grant, on coming in, said to me that lie was
in attendance there not us a member of the
Cabinet but upon invitation, and I replied
by'the inquiry whether there was a change
in the War Department. After the Presi
dent had taken his sear, business went on
in the usual way, of hearing matters sub
mitted by the several secretaries. When
the time came for the Secretary of War,
General Grant said that ho was now there,
not as Secretary of War, but upon the Pres
ident's invitation ; that he had retired from
the War Department.
A slight difference then appeared about
the supposed invitation, General Grant
saying that the officer who had borne his
letter to the President that morning an
nouncing his retirement from the War De
partment had told him that the President
desi-ed to see him at the Cabinet meeting,
to which the President answered that when
General Grant's communication was de
livered to him the President simply replied
that be supposed General Grant would be
very soon at the Cabinet meeting. I re
garded the conversation thus begun us an
incidental one. It went on quite informally,
and consisted of a statement on your part
of your views in regard to your understand
ing of the tenure upon which General Grunt
had assented to hold the War Department
ad interim, and of his replies by way of
answer and explanation. It was respectful
and courteous on both sides, being In this
conversational form. Its details could only
have been preserved by a verbatim reporter.
So far as I know, no such report was made
at the time.
I can give only the general effect of the
conversation. Certainly you stated that I ,
although you had reported the reasons for
Mr. Stantons suspension to the Seoute, you
nevertheless held that he would be entitled
to resume the office of Secretary of War,
even if the Senate should disapprove of his
suspension, and that you had proposed to
have the question tested by judicial process,
to be applied to the person who should be
the incumbent of the Department under
your designation of Secretary of War ad
interim in the place of Mr. Stanton. You
contended that this was well understood
between yourself and General Grant ; that
when he entered the War Department as
Secretary ad Interim he expressed his con
currence in a belief that the question of Mr.
Stanton's restoration would he a question
for the Courts ; that in a subsequent con
versation with Gen. Grant you had ad-
verted to the understanding thus had, and
that General Grant expressed his concur
rence in it; that at some conversation
which had been previously held, General
Grant said he still adhered to the same con
struction of the law, but said If he should
change his opinion he would give you
reasonable notice of it, so that you should,
in any case, be placed in the same position
in regard to the War Department that you
wore while General Grunt held it ad interim.
I did not understand General Grant as
denying, nor as explicitly admitting those
statements in the torn and full extent to
which you made them. His admission of
them was rather Indirect and circumstan
tial, though I did not understand It to beau
evasive one. lie said that, reasoning from
what occurred in the case of the police In
Maryland, which he regarded as a parallel
one, he was of opinion, and so assured you,
that it would bo his right and duty, under
your instruction, to hold the War Office
after the Senate should disapprove of Mr.
Stanton's suspension, until the question
should be decided upon by the courts ; that
he remained until very recently of that
opinion, and that on the Saturday before
the t eabinet meeting, a conversation was
held between yourself and him, in which
the subject was generally discussed.
General Grant's statement was, that in
that conversation he had stated to you the
legal difficulties which might arise, in
volving line and imprisonment, under the
civil tenure bill, and that he did not care to
subject himself to those penalties. That
you replied LO this remark that you regard
ed the civil tenure bill as unconstitutional,
and did not think its penalties were to is,
feared, or that you would voluntarily as
sume them;
and you insisted that General
Grant should either retain the office until
relieved by yourself. according to what you
claimed was the original understanding be
,' menu yourself and Min, or by seasonable
notice or change of purpose on tile part,
put you in the same situation which you
would be if he adhered. You claimed that
General Grant finally said, in that Satur
day's conversation, that you understood
his views, and his proceedings thereaft , r
would be consistent with what had been
so understood. General Grant did not con
trovert it, nor can I say that lie admitted
his last statement.
Certainly Gen. Grant did not at any time
in the Cabinet nueetilig insist that he hood,
in the Saturday's conversation, either dis
tinctly or finally advised you of him deter
' mination to retire from the charge of the
War Department otherwise than under
your own subsequent direction. He ac
quiesced in your statement that the
lay's conversation ended with an expecte
t.'on that there would be a subsequent con
ic crence on the sublect, which he, as well as
yl 'ourself, supposed could reasonably take
pi ace on Monday.
You then alluded to the fact that General
Gr. trot did not call upon you on Monday as
you, had expected from Chet conversation.
Get ieral Grant admitted that it was his ex
pet!: ation or purpose to call upon you oil
Nei iday. Genet al Grant assigned reasons
for the omission. He said he was in con
fere, Ice with General Sherman. That there
were • many little matters to be attended to.
He : and conversed upon the matter of in
cuml xoncy of the War Department with
Gene rid Sherman, and he expected that
Gene ml Sherman would call upon you on
Mono lay. My own mind suggested a fur
ther • explanation, but I do not remember
wheth -or it was mentioned or not; namely,
that it . was not supposed by General Grant
on M. mday that the Senate would decide
the qi instant so promptly as to anticipate
further explanation between yourself and
him if delayed beyond that day. General
Grant made another explanation, that he
was en gaged ou Sunday with General Sher
man, a ud I think also on Monday in regard
to thus Vat' Department matter ; with a hope,
though he did not say, In an eilbrt to pro
cure an amicable settlement of the chair of
Mr. Sn Lama; and he still hoped that it
would I na brought about.
I hart the honor to be, with great respect,
your ob. Klima servant,
(Sig] led) Wm. 11. SEWARD,
To the P, .ceident.
GEN. OR ANT TO PRESIDENT JOHNSON.
To the Ho WC of Reprentilatives:
The acc employing letter or Uen. Want,
received since the transmission to the
House of lepresentatives of my communi
cation of tl tis date, issubinitted to the House
us s part o I the correspondence reterrod to
in the reso lutiou of the 10th inst.
ANDREW JOHNSON
We.sblug ton, D. C., Feb. 11, 1888.
aRADQU ARTRRY ARMY OF THE UNITED
STATEN, W ARRINGTON, D. C., Feb. 11, 1888.
—llls excel lency, Andrew Johnson, Presi
dent of the United States—Sir: I have the
honor to uc knowledge the receipt of your
coMmunica lien of the 10th, accompanied by
the atateme Asa your Cabinet Ministers, of
their molls otion or what oconrreci Cabi
net meeting pa the 11th of January With
out ad;nittin g anything oontainetein thine
RATE of AzovzirkisiNG.
atillelBB sl2' a year per
Imre, at. tea Unea; 511 per year for eadaad
attlattal square.
EillAStetpell AWIPARTIBIIIIO, 10 cantata line for
the elnt, and 5 cents for each subsequent In-
4iGNEFIAL ADVERTISING 7 cents R flue for the
first, and 4 cents for each inith equent Inser
tion.
neCITAL NOTlegai Inserted in Local Column
15 cords per lino.
3PzeIAL. Nonce' preceding marriages and
deaths, 10 rents per line for first Insertion,
and 6 cents for every subsequent Desertion.
LaciAl. AND arlimisciartall
EXecUtorie 2.60
AdlrdnlitratOre . notices 2.60
Asalgneee' 2.50
Auditors' notices ..... 2.00
otter ' 4 Notices," ten lines,
or.len,
len, : °
three Unto& ...... ...... ... 1.50
statements whore they differ fromanything
heretofore stated by me, I propose to notice
only that portion of your comtnunication
wherein I am charged with insubordina
tion. I think it will be plain to the reader
of my letter of the :10th of January, that I
did not propose to disobey any legal order
of the President distinctly given, but only
gave an interpretation of what would be
regnrded•as satisfactoty evidence of the
President's sanction to orders I.lllllllll.lffics
tett by the Secretary of War.
I will say here that your letter of the loth
inst. contains the first intimation I has:.
had that you did not accept that Interpret a
Lion. Now for the reasons for giving that
interpretation. It was clear to me, before
my letter of January 10th was written, that
I, the person having more public business
to transact with the Secretary of War than
any of the President's subordinates, was
the only one who had been instructed to
disregard the authority of mr. Stanton.
whore his authority was derived ;is mew
of the President.
••- . -
On the 27th of January I received a letter
from the Secretary of War (copy herewith ,
directing me to furnish an escort to public
treasure front theltio Grande to NON%
Orleans, etc., at the r4quest of the Secret:ll.y r ._
of the Treasury to him. I also send twa
other inclosures shovlug recognition of r.
Stanton as Secretary of War by both the
Secretary of the Trensurer and Postmaster
General, In nil of which cases the Secretary
of War had to cull upon me to make the
orders requested or give the information
desired; and his ituthority to do or , is de
rived, in my view, as agent of the President.
W ill, an order so very ambiguous Its t hot
of the President's hero referred to, it Ns ns
my duty to inform the President of toy in
terpretation of it, and to abide by that
ut
ter until I received other orders.
Disclaiming any intention now, or here
tofore of disobeying any legal order of the
President distinctly communicated, I. re
main very respectfully, your obedient ser
vant.
C. S. Grunt, Genvral
The letters accompanying are !rem the
Post-otllce Department, asking for forma
tion with respect to a ebangu or military
posts, In order to the protection of the mails,
The next Is a letter from the Treasury De
partment, asking a !unitary escort for thii
transim of public moneys, to prevent them
trout falling into the hands of robbers, On
the 2.7 th of January Secretary Stanton
writes a letter, addressed to General Grant,
asking hint to detail u force to protect pub
lic moneys in Texas,
Charivari tells a funny story of u man In
Franco who was attacked by four or live
robbers, while returning to his home at
night. A bright Idea flashed upon hint, and
he began shouting, " Vise Ia Republique. , "
Instantly the police gathered from all quar
ters, the robbers dropped their plunder and
tied, the shouter was nebad--1 ..nurse
but, on making explanations, wee allowed
to depart. The Empire in peace.
Tlertuau itters
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BO OFL A ND%S' G ERMAN TO N . R.
The Great lteruldles for all Diseases of the
COMM
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Thome who have no objection to tile coolie
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The sufferer from these diseases should ex
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DEBILI,TY,
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And fooling the hand of time weighing iIOIIVI
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NOTICE.
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TESTIMONIALS
HON. GEO. W. WOO DWA RI )
Chlef fu.ltice of the daprerne court of Pu., v. , rll
Philadelphia. Mare. Id, is 7.
" I (Ind' Ilootland's German Bitters' is a 14..1
tonic, useful In dis- A eases of Wu d inesti‘
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Ono. W. WOODWARD...
LION. JAMI THOMPSON
Judge of the Supreme amyl of Penruyleania
Philadelphia, April 2s. ISU,
I consider 'Ho°llitutt's liftman Balton ' a
valuable medicine In mum of attacks of lioliges.
Lion or llyapepsia. I can dirtily tills now Joy
experience of It. Yours, with respect.
J AM I's OM 1,10::."
Flion Rut'. JOSEPH. IL KENNARD, D. D.
Pastor of the Tenth Baptist Church, Philadelphia.
Dr. Juckson—Dear Mr: I have been Irequent
ly requested to conneot my name with reeciii.
menclations of different hinds or medicine',
but regarding Ulu practice .0111 of my appr .4 o•
print° sphere, 1 have In all coxes declined ; i 3
with a clear proof In TAT vu r I ono Itedmiete.
and particularly in J my own faintly, to
the usefulnessof Dr. Hoodund's tierman
tem, I depart for once from my usual course,
to express my full convictiou for yenerftl
*Way of the aystern, nod especially for
Ologplaint, it is tf sgle and valuable preparatio,
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for from the above causes,
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J. 13, KgNN.oKU,
Eighth, below COMBS St.
FllO3l Haw. E. D. FENDALI,
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E. D. 1 , riNDAI.I..
CAUTION
Roofland'e German Remedios aro couuter
felted. Soo that. the D elguaturo of
JACKSON to on the wrapper of coati but
tle. All others aro counterfeit.
. . .
Prlualpal °mod and klanntantory at the (Jar
man Medicine Morse No. 631 ARCH tetreut,
Philadelphia, Pa.
CHARLES ECIEVANB, Froprlotor,
Formerly C. M. JACKSON a Co.
PlllOEd
Hootltuad's Gorman Bitten., per b0tt10,......51.00
ball dozeu ' 6.W
Hooltand's GermauTonle,put lapin quart bot
tles, SI.W per bottle, or a halt tlozett e7.W.
a4' Do hot forget toe:gamine well the article
you buy, to order to get the gehtane.
Jan 21 • 2tawdeshw