Probable Existence oe a Great Cav
ern Under Lancaster. —It is a well set
tled belief among many of the most intel
ligent residents of this city and vicinity that
there exists beneath our city and vicinity,
a vast cavern. The most plausible theory
on this point seems to be the following,
which we clip from the Scientific American,
The writer says:
*' The city is located within the great
limestone belt extending across the south
eastern part of the State, and of all the
geological formations limestone the most
abounds in caverns, many of which are
known to be of vast extent. In sinking
wells in various parts of Lancaster city, the
bottom crust breaks through before reach
ing water, and the pump is suspended from
above by chains.”
There have been several well authenti
cated cases in the vicinity of the city, of the
earth breaking and engulfing farm ani
mals. Iu two instances men engaged in
plowing, saw their teams disappear beneath
the surface and only nfunnel-shaped cavity
remained to mark thespot. Several shocks,
like those of an earthquake, felt in this city
last September, are accounted for by this
theory.
Hugo masses of rock breaking from the
roof of the cavern and falling into the depths
beneath may cause such a quaking of the
upper crust ami dull rumbling noise as that
which astonished the inhabitants of that
day. But one of the most convincing
proofs of the existence of this subterranean
cavity is the discovery of an eyeless cut fish
in the waters of the Conestoga, a stream
flowing past the city and supposed to con
nect with the hidden waters beneath. This
fish is entirely destitute of organs of sight,
having only small spots in place thereof. —
In a celebrated grotto of Italy eyeless lisb
have been found. It is inferred that the
eyeless fish of the Conestoga, must origi
nate in a similur underground locality and
escape through the fissures of the rocks. The
Pittsburg O/mmercial is our authority for
the above.
The candies manufactured by George
Miller A Sons, tilO Market street, Philadel
phia, are made of selected sugars, and richly
flavored. They have an established reputa
tion all over the United States. Country
dealers supplied at short notice, in largo or
small quantities.
Those of our readers who have money
to spare, are advised to read the advertise
ment of the Revenue Extension Silver Min
ing Company. Wo are assured that the
.statements made in Che advertisement in
regard to the company are true , and as for
the supposition that the stock will, iu all
probability, advance double, treble, quad
ruple, or even sextuple its present price,
that, in view of present prospects, is by no
means unreasonable. Other companies,
with not half the chances ut the start have
accomplished even more.
Nor do we know of a singlecompany that
has machinery out or on the wuy, which is
not considered I)3’ those who are acquainted
with the business, as sure to p<ty, if honestly
managed. Boyond that, we do not believe
there is a single doubt, of success, in any
romjumy, which has or will have reduction
and amalgamating works in Nevada.
1 i eli’ !11 eli* !! Help !!! —Every* good
hou.4e-wife can appreciate good “ help,”
whether in the form of a servant girl or the
next indispensable, a cooking stove ! The
ones which are well-behaved, economical,
easily managed, ami are disposed to “go
out o’ nights" are indeed a blessing to a
well-regulated family, and deserve to have
their merits duly recorded.
in the way of stoves, a woll-known firm
iti Philadelphia, .Messrs. Stewart A Peter
son, are introducing an article, the “Barley
fall oaf” by name, which oil the score of
beauty’ of design, convenience, economy and
general excellence, is pronounced by expe
rienced dealers, to be the only faultless
stove in existence. With such a record, the
Barley Sheaf must soon become an im
mense favorite.
Letter from Georgia,
Sand Hills, near Augusta, Ga., )
April 6, 1801). j
JCditovs f.uncavtcr Intelligencer :
Dear Sirs: By the heading of my letter
you will see lhai Fam still in Georgia. I
Lave no doubt, you are anxious to know
how mutters are here, and therefore will
drop you a few lines. I can give you but
general ideas now. I have seen the white
and black “elephant” in this region—and
to be brief, the blacks “cut the largest
.swarth ” now in every sense of the word.
In .dress, laziness and false notions of lib
erty, they excel anything that you can well
imagine. Many of them now ride in line
two-horse carriages, at theexponse of many
days’ labor, or thefts at night. Nearly aU
of them carry arms, and every person is in
danger from their indiscriminate use. The
Government ollieials have ordered that no
minor shall be punished for offenses by any
one except agents of the Freodmen’s Bu
reau. The consequence is that these indi
viduals are not only impudent, but perfect
ly lawless, running about with guns, shoot
ing all the birds they meet, regardless of
•where they may be—committing depreda
tions and grounds, whore
their presence is not only unwarranted but
hazardous. lam afraid that many officials
sent South by the Government for a wise
purpose, are false to their trust (as well as
to the Administration), and not only de
grade the blucks, but” extort money from
them under false pretenses, aud then desert
them in their utmost need. The whites, as
a. general thing, have accepted the result of
the war; and, although some feel sore, they
are peaceably inclined, or resigned to their
fate. Many of them are hard ? -ork tr
retrieve their fortunes, and
praiseworthy examples arr
more intelligent part of th(
Money is very scarce, coin]
2J to 5 per cent, por inon
dreds, yes, thousands ol
may say, are prevented in
the example of those who a
rebuild their fortunes. There is greut dif
ficulty in obtaining hands, and as but few
of the blacks are disposed to work, many of
the planters have already sought foreign
aid, and are now encouraging white emigra
tion. Many Germans have already re
sponded to the call, and are well employed
and happily located. There is a strong dis
position in this region to get rid of the
blacks altogether, and I would not be sur
prised if eventually their wishes were grati
fied, as very many have already loft for tiie
southwi st, and hundred are swept away,
every week by smallpox and other dis
eases consequent upon wunt, exposure and
unwarrantable excesses. From what I can
learn, the South will not be able to produce
half a crop of cotton. There is a great want
of everything in the shape of food—even
here, and almost everything is obtained
from the North. Wo of the North can scarce
ly realize this fact—but it is so—for they
have not yet been able to raise anything.—
The grass has not yet sprouted, and they
are obliged to get all their hay from New
York, and costs §3 per hundred pounds.
Their best horses, and all other kinds of
stock were taken from them by both armies
and they have nothing left but the refuses Of
the war, consequently every thing is scarce
and high. Boarding from §4 to §5 per day,
even in private families. I huve thus fur
met with nothing but kindness. It is a
glorious country oven in itspresenfcondition
—what must it have been before the war?
Now everything wants repair and it will
take a vast amount of ppint and oil to bring
back its former grauduur. The weather, at
this Lime is delight!ul and the breezes balmy.
Fruit trees all in bloom, and the cactus, the
jessamine and the rose, etc., are all in their
glory. The sun at mid-day is absolutely
“hot/’and for last live days the sky
was clear and the thermometer 80° in the
shade.
Should I remain, you may hear from me
again. W.jß. F.
A special Washington despatch to
the Philadelphia Age says that a re
spectable portion of the Radical party in
the House are opposed to the pro
-gtumme of their leaders for continuing
tlie session through the summer, and
are in favor of adjourning In June, or
the early part of July. The Senate,
however, is understood to be against
any adjournment this year. The fall
campaign will doubtless compel the
-majority of the House to vote for the
usual adjournment. If the Senate will
not agree, the President can (unAer the
Constitution) adjourn Congress, until
<the next regular session. *
RECONSTRUCTION.
Testimony of Alexander H. Stephens.
How Gcorglani Regarded Secession.
Their Present Temper and Opinions.
Mr. Stephens on the Questions of the Day,
TESTIMONY,
Alex. H. Stephens Bworn and examined
by Mr. Boutwell.
Question. State your residence.
Answer. Crawfordsvilie, Georgia.
Q. What means have yon had since Lee’s
surrender to ascertain the sentiments of the
people of Georgia with regard to the Union?
A. I was at home in Georgia at the time
Of the surrender of General Lee and re
mained there until the 11th of May, and
during that time conferred very freely with
the people in my immediate neighborhood,
with the Governor of the State, and with
one or two other leading or prominent men
in the State. From the 11th of May until
my return to Georgia, which was on the
25th of October, I haja no means of knowing
anything of the public sentiment then ex
cept through the public press and such
letters as I received, From the time of my
return until I left the State on my present
visit here I had very extensive intercourse
with the people; visiting visiting
Milledgeville during the session of the Leg
islature, first on their assembling, again in
January upon their reassembliug, and
again in the latter part of February, whil§
there I conversed very freely and fully with
all the prominent leading men or most of
them in the legislature,and meta great many
ofthe prominent influentialmenoftheState
not connected with the Legislature, and by
letters from and correspondence with men
iu the State,whom Ihavenotmet. I believe
that embraces a full answer to the question
as to my means of ascertaining the senti
ment ofthe people of that State upon the
subject stated in the question.
Q. As tbe result of your observation,
what is your opinion of the purposes of the
people with reference to the reconstruction
of the government, and what are their de
sires and purposes concerning the main
tenance of the government?
A. My opinion—and decided opinion—is
that un overwhelming majority ofthe peo
ple of Georgia are exceedingly anxious for
the reconstruction of the government, and
for the State to lake her former position in
the Union, to have her Senators and
Representatives admitted into Congress,
ana to enjoy all her rights and discharge
all her obligations as a State under the
Constitution ofthe U nited States as it stands
amended.
Q, What are their present views concern
ing the justice of the rebellion? Do they at
present believe that it was a reasonable and
proper undertaking, or otherwise?
A. My opinion of the sentiment of the
people of Georgia upon that subject is, that
the exercise of the right of secession was re
sorted to by them from a desire to render
their liberties and institutions more secure;
and a belief on their part that this was abso
lutely necessary for that object. They were
divided upon the question of the policy of
the measure; there was, however, but very
little division among them upon tbe question
of the right of it. It is now their belief, in
my opinion, and I give it merely as an opin
ion, that the surest if not tho only hope for
their liberties is the restoration of the Con
stitution of the United States and of the gov
ernment of the United States under the Con
stitution.
Q. Has there been any change ol'opinion
as to the right of secession as a right in the
people or in the States?
A. I think there has been a very decided
change of opinion as to the policy by those
who favored it; I think the people generally
are satisfied sufficiently with the experiment
never to resort to that measure of redress
again by force ; whatever may be their own
abstract ideus upon that subject, they have
given up all idea of a maintenance of these
opinions by a resort to force; they have
come to the conclusion that it is better to
appeal to the forums of reason and justice,
to the halls of legislation and the courts, for
the preservation of the principles of consti
tutional libcrtv than to the arena of arms ;
it is mv settled conviction that there is not
any idea at all cherished in tbe public mind
of Georgia of ever resorting again to seces
sion or to the exercise of the right of seces
sion by force; that whole policy of the
maintenance of their rights, in my opinion,
is at this time totally abandoned.
Q. But tho opinion as the right, as I un
derstand, remains substantially the same?
A. I cannot answer as to thut; some may
have changed their opinion in this respect;
it’would bo un unusual thing as well as a
difficult matter fora whole people to change
their convictions upon abstract truths or
principles; I have not heard this vein ol the
subject debated or discussed recently, and I
wish to be understood as giving my opinion
only on that branch of the subject which is
of practical character and importance.
Q. To what do you attribute the change
of opinion as to the propriety of attempting
to maintain their views by force?
A. Well, sir, my opiniou about that—my
individual opinion, derived from observa
tion —is that this change of opinion arose
mainly from theoperatiouofthe waramoug
themselves, and the results of the conflict
from their own authorities in their indi
vidual rights of person and property, the
general breaking down of constitutional
barriers which usually attend all protracted
wars.
Q. In 1801, when the ordinance of seces
sion was adopted in your State, to what
extent was it supported by the people? ♦
A. After the proclamation of Presideut
Lincoln calling out 75,000 militia under th e
circumstances it was issued, and blockad
ing the Southern ports and the suspension
of tho writ of habeas corpus, the Southern
cause, as it was termed, received the almost
unanimous support of the people of Geor
gia. Before, they were much divided on
the question of secession, but afterwards
tliey supported tbe cause, within the range
of my knowledge, with very lew excep
tions. There were some few exceptions,
not exceeding half a dozen. I think the
impression then prevailing was that public
liberty was endangered, and they supported
the cause because of their zeal for constitu
tional rights. They still differed very much
as to the ultimate object to be obtained,
and the means to be used, but these differ
ences yielded to the emergency of the ap
prehended common danger.
Q. Was not the ordinance of secession
adopted in Georgia earlier in date than the
proclamation fc* ’seventy five thousand
volunteers ?
A. Yes, sir; I stated thatthp poople wore
very much divided on the question of the
ordinance of secession, but after the procla
mation the people became almost unani
mous in-the cause. There were some few
exceptions in the State; I think not more
than a half dozen among my acquaintances.
I said, while they were thus almost unani
mous in support of the cause,' they differed
also as to the end to be attained by sustain
ing it; some looked to an adjustment or
settlement of the controversy upon any
basis that would secure their constitutional
rights; others looked toaseparateSouthern
nationality as their only object and hope.
These different views as to the ultimate ob
ject did not interfere with the general active
support of the cause.
Q. Was there apopular vote upon the or
dinance of secession?
A. Only so far as tho election of delegates
to the convention.
Q. There was no subsequent action ?
A. No, sir; the ordinance of secession was
not submitted to a popular vote afterwards.
Q. Have you any opinion as to the vote it
would have received, as compared with the
whole, if it bad been submitted to the free
action of the people?
Witness —Do you mean alter it was adopt
ed by the convention?
Mr. Houtwell—Yes, after it was adopted
by the convention, if it had been submitted
forthwith or within a reasonable time.
A. Taking the then state of things into
consideration, South Carolina, Florida and
Mississippi, X think, having seceded, my
opinion is that a majority of the people
would have ratified it—perhaps a decided
or large majority; if, however, South Car
olina and the other States had not adopted
their ordinances of secession, I am very
well satisfied that a majority of the people
of Georgia, and perhaps a very decided
majority, would have been against seces
sion if her ordinance bad been submitted
to them : but as matters stood at the time,
if the ordinance had been submitted to a
popular vote of the State, it would have
been sustained; that is my judgment and
opinion of the matter.
Q,. What was tho date of the Georgia ordi
nance ?
A. The 18th or 19th; I think the 19th of
January, 1861, though I am not certain.
Q. The question of secession was involved
in the election of delegates to that convention,
was it not?
A. Yes, sir.
Q. And was there on the part of candi
dates a pretty general avowal of opinions ?
A. Very general.
Q. What was the result of the election as
far as the convention expressed any opin
ion upon the question of secession?
A. I think the majority was about thirty
in the convention in fuvor of secession; Ido
not recollect the exact vote.
Q. In a convention of how many ?
A. In a convention based upon tho num
ber of senators and members of the house
in the General Assembly of the State; the
exact number I do not recollect, but I think
it was near three hundred—perhaps a few
over or under.
Q. Was there any difference in the differ
ent parts of the State in the strength of the
U nion sentiment at that time ?
A. In some of the mountain counties the
Union sentiment was generally prevalent;
the cities, towns and villages were general
ly for secession throughout the State, I
think, with some exceptions; the anti-se
cession sentiment was more general in tho
rural districts and in the mountain portions
ol the State, yet the people of some of the
upper counties were very active and de
cided secessionists. There was nothing like
a sectional disunion of the State at all- for
instance, the delegation from Floyd county,
in which the city of Home is situated, in
the upper portion of the State, was an able
one, and strong for secession, while the
county of Jefferson, down in the interior of
the cotton belt, sent one of the most promi
nent delegations for the Union: i could
other particular counties in that
way throughout the -State, showing that
there was not what might be termed a sec
tional or geographical division. of tha- State
on the question.
Q, In what particular did the people be
lieve their constitutional liberties were as
sailed or endangered from the Union?
A- Mainly, I would say, in their internal
social polity, and their apprehension from
the general consolidating tendencies of the
doctrines and nrinciples of that political
party which had recently succeeded in the
choice of a President ana Vice-President of
the United States. Itwas the serious appre
hension that if the Republican organization,
as then constituted, should succeed to pow
er, it would lead ultimately to a virtual sub
version of tbe Constitution of the United
States, and all its essential guarantees of
public liberty. I think that was tbe sincere
and honest conviction in the minds of our
people. Those who Opposed secession did
not apprehend that any such results would
necessarily follow the elections which had
taken place; they still thought that all their
rights might be maintained in the Union
and under the Constitution, especially as
there were majorities in both Mouses of
Congress who agreed with them on consti
tutional questions.
Q. To what feature of their internal social
policy did they apprehend danger ?
A. Principally the subordination of tbe
African race as it existed under their laws
and institutions.
Q. In what spirit is the emancipation of
the slaves received by the people?
A. Generally it is acquiesced in, and ac
cepted I think in perfect good faith and with
a disposition to do the best that can be done
in the new order of things in this particu
lar.
Q. What at present are the relations sub
sisting between the white and black people,
especially in the relation of employer and
employed?
A. Quite as good, I think, as in any part
ol the world that ever I have been in, be
tween like classes of employed and employ
er; the condition of things in this reject,
on my return last fall, was very different
from what it was when I left home for my
present visit to this city ; during the fall,
and up to the close of the year, there was a
general opinion prevailing among the
colored people that at Christmas there
would be a division of the lands, and a very
general instruction on their part not to
make any contracts at all for the present
year. Indeed there were very few con
tracts, I think, made throughout the State,
until alter Christmas or about the Ist of
January. General Tillson, who is at the
head ofthe Bureau in the State, and whose
administration has given very general satis
faction to our people, I thinx, was very ac
tive in disabusing the minds of the colored
people from their error in this particular,
lie visited quite a number of places in the
State %nd addressed large audiences of
colored people, and then they becamesatis
fied that they were laboring under a mis
take in anticipating a division of lands.
After Christmas and the Ist of January,
they made contracts very readily generally
ana since that time affairs have in the main
moved on quite smoothly and quietly.
Q. Are the negroes generally at work ?
A. Yes sir, they are generally at work;
there are some idlers, but this class consti
tute but a small proportion.
Q. What, upon the whole, has been their
conduct: proper under the circumstances
under which they have been placed or oth
erwise ?
A. As a whole, much better than the most
hopeful looked for.
Q. As far as you saw, what are the leading
objects and desires of the negro population
at the present time in reference to them
selves ?
A. It is to be protected in their rights of
person and property; to be dealt by fairly
and justly.
(1. What, if anything, has been done by
the Legislature of your State for the accom
plishment of these objects?
A. The Legislature has passed an act of
which the following is a copy:
An act to define the term, “persons of
color,” and to declare the rights of such
persons.
Section 1. Be it enacted , dr , That all
negroes, mulattoes, mestizoes,, and their
descendants, having one-eighth negro or
African blood in their veins shall be known
in this State as “ persons of color.”
Sec. 2. Be it further enacted , That per
sons of color shall have the right to make
and enforce contracts, to sue, be sued, to be
parties and give evidence, to inherit, to
purchase, ana to have full and equal bene
fit of all laws and proceedings, for the se
curity of person and estate, and shall not
l>e subjected to any other or different pun
ishment, pain, or penalty for the commis
sion of any act or offense, than those which
are prescribed for white persons committing
like acts or offenses.
The third section of this act simply re-
Eeals all conflicting laws ; it was approved
y the Governor on the 17th of March last.
Q. Does this act express the opinions of
the people, and will it be sustained?
A. I think it will be sustained by the
courts as well as by public sentiment; it
was passed by the present Legislature as
an evidence of the tone of the Legislature
of the State, as well as that ofthe people of
the State, upon this subject. [Here Mr.
Stephens submitted a letter he had written
to Senator Stewart stating that the act pass
ed secured freed persons all their essential
rights before th£ law.]
Q. What, if anything, is being done in
Georgia with regard to the education of the
negroes, either children or adults? A. No
thing by the public authorities, as yet.
Schools are being established in many por
tions ot the State under the auspices, I
thiuk, of the Freedmen’s Bureau, and quite
a number by the colored people themselves,
encouraged by the whites.
Q. What disposition do the negroes man
ifest % in regard to education? A. There
seems to be a very great desire on the part
of the children and their parents to have
them educated.
Q. What is the present legal condition of
those who have lived together as husband
and wife—do the laws recognize and sus
tain the relations and legitimacy of their
offspring? A. Our State laws do—they re
cognize all those living as man and wife as
legally man and wife; a good many of them
took out licenses, and were married in the
usual way; there is no difference in our
laws in that respect; licenses are issued for
white and black alike, only they are pro
hibited from intermarrying with each other;
the races are not permitted to intermarry.
Q. Were the amendments to tbe Consti
tution of the Stateof Georgia recently adopt
ed submitted to tho people?
A. No, sir, they were not submitted; I
have no hesitation, however, in expressing
the opinion that nine-tenths of the people
would have voted for them if the Constitu
tion had been submitted; that is but an
opinion; I heard no dissent at all in the
State ; I was there at the time; I got home
before the convention adjourned; the State
Constitution as made by the convention
would have been ratified almost without
opposition ; it would have been ratified nem
con, if it had been submitted; this at least
is my opinion.
Q. What was the voting population of
your State in 1860?
A. Something upwards of a hundred
thousand.
Q. What is probably the present voting
population?
A. The voting population of the State un
der the present constitution is perhaps
eighty thousand ; that is a mere estimate.
Q. Has there beon any enumeration of
the losses of Georgia in the fiold in the mili
tary service?
A. No accurate estimate, that I am aware
Q. What is it supposed to have been?
A. I am not able to answer the question
with anything like accuracy.
Q. What is the public sentimeut of Geor
gia with regard to the extension of the right
of voting to the negroes?
A. Tho general opinion in the State is
very much averse to it.
Q. If a proposition were made to amend
the Constitution so as to have representa
tion in .Congress based upon voters sub
stantially, would Georgia ratify such a
proposed amendment if it were' made a
condition precedent to the restoration of
the State to political power in the govern
ment?
A. I do not think they would ; thepeople
of Georgia, in my judgment, as far as I can
reflect or represent their opinions, feel that
they are entitled under the Constitution of
the'United States to representation without
any further condition or precedent, and
they would not object to entertaiu, discuss
and exchange views in the common coun
cils of the country with the other States,
upon such a proposition or any proposition
to amend the Constitution or change it in
any of its features, and they would abide
by any such change if made ns the Consti
tution provides; but they feel that they are
constitutionally entitled to be heard by their
Senators and members in the Houses of
Congress upon this or any other proposed
amendment ; f I do not, therefore, think that
they would ratify that amendment, sugges
ted as a condition precedent to her being
admitted to representation in Congress;
such at least is my opinion.
Q. It is then your opinion that at present
the people of Georgia would neither bo wil
ling to extend suffrage to th * negroes nor
consent to the exclusion of the negroes from
the basis of representation ? A. Thepeople
of Georgia, in my judgment, are perfectly
willing to leave suffrage and the basis of
representation where the Constitution leaves
it. They look upon the question ofsuffrage
as one belonging exclusively to the States;
one over which and under the Constitution
of the United States Congress has no juris
diction, power or control, except in propos
ing amendments to the States, and not in
exacting their submission to them; Ido not
think, therefore, that thepeople of that State,
while they are disposed, as I believe earn
estly, to deal fairly, justly and generously
with the freedmen, would-be willing to
consent to a change in the Constitution that
would give Congress jurisdiction over the
question of suffrage; and especially would
they be very much averse to Congress ex
ecuting any such jurisdiction without their
representatives in the Senate and House
being heard in the publje councils upon this
question, and that so vitally concerns tfieir
internal policy, as well as the internal policy
of all the States. •
April 12,1866. Examination of Alexan
der A. Stephens resumed. By Mr Bout
well:
Q. Do you mean to be understood in
your answer that there is nt> 'Constitutional
power in the government as at present or
ganized, to exact conditions precedent to
the restoration to political power of the'
eleven States that hare been'in rebellion?
A. That is my opinion.
Q Do yotf entertain the same ppinion.in
reference to the amendment of the Con
stitution abolishing slavery?
A. Ido. I think the States‘have abol
ished-slavery in good faith as one of the
results oi the war; their satisfaction of the
constitutional amendment followed as a
consequence. Ido not think there is, any
constitutional power on the part of the gov
ernment to have exacted it as a condition
precedent to their restoration under the
Constitution, or the resumption of their
places as members of the Union.
Q. What, in your opinion, is tbe legal
value of the laws passed by Congress and
approved by the Presidentrin the absence of
Senators and Representatives from the
eleven States ?
A. I do not know what particular laws
you refer to, hut my answer generally is
that the validity of all laws depends on their
constitutionality; this is a question for the
judiciary to determine, my own judgment,
whatever it might be, would have to con
form to the j udicial deterininaton of the
question; it is a question for the courts to
determine.
Q. Have you formed any opinion upon
that question?
A. I cannot say that I have formed any
material opinion in reference to any partic
ular act of Congress embraced in the ques
tion.
Q. Assume that Congress shall, at this
session, in the absence of Senators and Rep
resentatives from the eleven States, pass an
act levying taxes upon all the people of the
United States, including the eleven, is it
your opinion that such an act would be con
stitutional?
A. I should doubt if it would be; it would
certainly in my opinion, be manifestly un
just and against all ideas of American rep
resentative government; its constitution
ality would, however, be a question for the
judiciary to decide, and 1 should be willing
to abide by that decision, whatever it might
be.
Q. If the eleven Stales have at present an
immediate constitutional right to be repre
sented in Congress on a footing with the
States at present represented, has that had
a continuous right from the formation of
the government, or from the timeof admis
sion of the new States respectively, or has
it been interrupted by war? A. I think,
as the Congress ofthe United States did
not consent to tho withdrawal of the seceding
States, it was a continuous right, under the
Constitution ofthe United States, to be exer
cised so soon as the seceding States respec
tively made known their readiness to resume
their former practical relations with the
Federal Government under the Constitu
tion- of the United States. As the general
government denied the right of secession,
I do not think any of the States attempting
to exercise it thereby lost any of their rights
under the Constitution, as” States, when
their people abandoned that attempt.
Q. Is it or not your opinion that the Leg
islatures and people of the eleven States
respectively have at present such a right to
elect Senators aud Representatives to Con
gress; that it may be exercised without re
gard to the part which persons elected may
have had in the rebellion? A. I do not
think they could exercise that right in tho
choice of their Senators and members so as
to impair in the slightest degree the consti
tutional right of each House for itself to
judge of the qualifications of those who
might be chosen ; the right of the constitu
tional election of a State to choose and tho
right of each House of Congress to judge
of the qualifications of those elected to tho
respective bodies are very distinct and dif
ferent questions, and in this judging of
qualifications, I am free to admit that in
my opinion no one should be admitted as a
member of either House of Congress who
is not ready and truly loyal to the Consti
tution of the United States and to the gov
ernment established by it.
Q. State whether from your observation
the events of the war have produced any
change in the public mind of the South
upon the question of the reserved rights of
the States under the Constitution of the
United States?
A. That question 1 answered in part yes
terday; while I cannot state from personal
knowledge to what extent the opinions oi
the Southern States upon the abstract ques
tion of the reserved rights of the States may
have changed, my decided opinion is that
a very thorough change has taken place
upon the practical policy of resorting to any
such right.
Q. What events or experience of the war
have contributed to this change?
A. First, the people are satisfied that a
resort to the exercise of this right while it
is denied by the Federal Government will
lead to war, which many thought before
the late attempted secession would not be
the case, and civil wars, they are also now
very well satisfied, are dangerous toliberty;
and, moreover, their experience in the late
war, I think, satisfied them it greatly en
dangered their own. I allude especially to
the suspension ofthe writ of habeas corpus
aud the military conscriptions, the procla
mations of martial law in various places,
general impressments, and the levying of
forced contributions, as well as the very
demoralizing effects of war generally.
Q. When were you last a member of the
Congress of the United States?
A. I went out on the -Ith of March, 1859.
Q. Will you state, if not indisposed to do
so, tho considerations or opinions which
led you to identify yourself with the re
bellion so far as to accept the office of Viee
Presidency of the Confederate States of
America, so-called?
A. I uolieve thoroughly in the reserved
sovereignty of the several States of the
Union under the compact of the Union or
.the Constitution of 1787; I opposed seces
sion, therefore, as a question of policy, and
not one of right on the part of Georgia ;
when tbe States seceded, against my judg
ment and vote, I thought my ultimatoalle
gianee was duo to her, and I preferred to
cast my fortunes and destinies with hers
and her people, rather than to take auy
other course, even though it blight lead to
my sacrifice and her ruin; in accepting
positionunder the new order of things, my
sole object was to do all the good I could
in preserving and perpetuating the prin
ciples of liberty as established under the
Constitution of the United Suites. If the
Union wus to be abandoned, either with or
without force, which I thought a very im
politic measure, I wished if possible to
rescue, preserve and perpetuate the princi
pies of thejConstitution. This I was not
without hope might be done in the new
confederacy of States formed. When the
conflict arose, my efforts were directed to
as speedy ana peaceful an adjustment of
the questions as possible. This adjustment
I always thought to be lasting; would have
ultimately to be settled upou a con
stitutional basis, iounded upon the prin
ciples of mutual convenience and re
ciprocal advantage on the part of the
States on which the Constitution of the
United States was originally formed; I was
wedded to no particular plan of adjustment
except the recognition as a basis of the sepa
rate sovereignty of the several States ; with
this recognized as a principle I thought all
other questions of difference would soon
adjust themselves according to the best in
terests of the peace, welfare and prosperity
of tbe whole country, as enlightened reason,
calm judgment and a sense of justice might
direct; this doctrine of the sovereignty of
the several States I regard as a self-adjust
ing, regulating principle of our American
system of State government extending pos
sibly over the continent..
Q. Have your opinions undergone any
change since the opening of tbe rebellion in
reference to the reserved rights oF States
under the Constitution of the United States ?
A. My convictions onpthe original ab
stract question have undergone no change,
but I accept the issues of the war and the
results as a practical settlement of that ques
tion. The sword was appealed to to decide
the question, and by the decision of the
sword I am willing to abide.
Q. If the proposition were to be submitted
to Georgia as one of the eleven States lately
in rebellion, that she might be restored to
political power in the government of tbe
country upon the condition precedent that
she would on the one hand extend suffrage
to the negro, or on the other consent to their
exclusion from the basis of representation,
would she accept either proposition and take
her place in thegovernmentof thecountry?
A. I can only give my opinion; Ido not
think she would accept either as a condition
precedent presented by Congress, for they
do not believe that Congress has the rightful
power under tbe Constitution to prescribe
such a condition; if Georgia is a State in
the Union, her people feel that she is entitled
to representation without conditions im
posed by Congress; and if she is not a State
in the Union, then she could not be admitted
as an equal with the others ; if her admis
sion were trammelled with conditions that
do not apply to all the rest alike, general
universal suffrage amongst the colored peo
ple as they are now there, would by our
people be regarded as about as greata polit
ical evil as could befall them.
Q. If the proposition were to extend the
right of suffrage to those who could read
and those who had served in the Union ar
mies, would that modification affect the ac
tion of the State?
A. I think the people of the State would
be unwilling to do more than they have
done for restoration. Restricted or limited
suffrage would not be so objectionable as
general or universal, but jt is a matter that
belongs to tbe State to regulate, The ques
tion of suffrage whether universal or re
stricted, is one of State policy exclusively,
as they believe. Individually, I should not
be opposed to a proper system of restricted
or limited suffrage to this class of our popu
lation ; but, in my judgment, it is a matter
that belongs of right to the States to regulate
exclusively each for itself, but the people of
tfiTtfcsState, as I have said, would not willing
ly I mink, do more than they have donclfor
restoration; the only view, m their opinion,
that could possibly justify the war which
was carried on by the Federal government
against them, was the indissolubleness of
the Union; that those who held the admin
istration for the time were bound to enforce
the execution of the laws and maintenance
of the integrity of the epuntry under the
Constitution; pud since that Wss accom
plished, since those who had assumed the
contrary principle—the right of seces
sion and the reserved sovereignty of the
States—had abandoned theircanse, and the
administration heife was successful in
maintaining the idea'upon which war was,
proclaimed and waged, and. the only view 1
! m which they supposed it* conld be jnsii
fied at all when that- was accomplished—l
; say the people of Georgia supposed their
State wasfimmediately entitled to all her
rights under the Constitution. That is my
opinion of the sentiment of the people of
Georgia, and I do not think they would be
willing to do anything further as a condi
tion precedent to their permitted to
enjoy the full measure of their constitution
al rights. I only give my opinion of the
sentiments of the people at this time. They
expected that as soon as the Confederate
cause was abandoned that immediately the
States would be brought hank into their
practical relations with the Government as
previously constituted. That is what they
looked to. They expected that the State
would immediately have its representa
tives in the Senate and in the Hoase, and
they expected it in good faith as loyal men,
as the term is frequently used. I mean by
it loyal to law, order, and the Constitution,
to support the Government under the Con
stitution. That was their feeling;, they did
what they did believing it was best for the
protection of Constitutional liberty. To
ward the Constitution of the United States,
as they construed it, the great mass of our
people were always as much devoted in
their feelings as any people ever were toward
any cause. This is my opinion. As I re
marked before, they resorted to secession
with a view of maintaining more securely
these principles and when they found they
were not successful in their object, in per
fect good faith, so far as I can judge from
meeting with them and conversing with
them, looking to the future development of
their country, in its material resources as
well as as its moral and intellectual progress,
their earnest desire and expectation was to
allow the past struggle, lamentable as it
was in its results, to pass by, and to co-op
erate with the true friends of the Constitu
tion, with those of all sections who earnestly
desire the preservation of constitutional
liberty and the perpetuity of the govern-,
ment in its purity. They have been a little
disappointed in this, and are so now. They
are patiently waiting, however, and believ
ing that when the passions of the hourßhall
have passed away, this delay in restoration
will cease. They think that they have done
everything that was essential and proper,
and my judgment is that thej* would not be
willing to do anything further as a condition
precedent. They would simply remain
quiet and passive.
Q. Does your own judgment approve the
view you have given as the opinion of the
people of the State ?
A. My own judgment is very decided
that the question of suffrage is one that be
longs under the Constitution, and wisely so
too, to the States respectively and exclu
sively.
Q. Is it your opinion that neither of the
alternatives suggested in the question ought
to be accepted by the people of Georgia?
A. My own opinion is, that these terms
ought not to be offered as conditions prece
dent. In other words, my opinion is that
it would be best for the peace, harmony
and prosperity of the whole country that
there should be an immediate restoration,
an immediate bringing back of tbe States
into their original practical relations, and
let all these questions then be discussed in
common council. Then the representatives
from the South could be heard, and you
and all could judge much better of the tone
and temper of the people, than you could
from theopinionsgiven by any individuals;
you may take uiy opinion, or the opinion
of any individual, but they will not enable
you to judge of the condition of the State'
of Georgia so well as from her own repre
sentatives to be heard in your public coun
cils in her own behalf; my judgment, there
fore, is very decided that it would have
been better, as soon as the lamentable con
flict was over, when the people of the South
abandoned their cause and agreed to accept
the issue, desiring as they do, to resume
their places and to look to the halls of Con
gress and the courts for the protection of
their rights in the Union—it would have
been better to have allowed that result to
follow under the policy adopted by the
Administration than to delay it or hin
der it by propositions to amend
the Constitution in respect to suffrage
or any other new matter. I think the peo
ple of all the Southern States would, in the
halls ot Congress, discuss these- questions
calmly and deliberately, and if they did not
show that the views they entertaiued were
just and proper, such as to control the
judgment of the people of the other
sections and States, they would quiet
ly, patiently, and patriotically yield to
whatever should be constitutionally deter
mined in common council; but I think they
feel very sensitively the offer to them of
propositions to accept while they are denied
ail voice in the common council of the Union
under the Constitution in the discussion of
these propositions. I think they feel very
sensitively that they are denied the right
to be heard, and while, as I have said,
they might differ among themselves in
many points in regard to suffrage, they
would not differ upon the questions of
doing anything further as a condition pre
cedent to the restoration; and in respect
to the alternate conditions to be so repre
sented, I do not think they would accept the
one or the other. My individual general
views as to the proper course to be pursued
in respect to the colored people are expressed
in a speech made before the Georgia Legis
lature, referred to in my letter to Senator
Stewart; that was the proper forum, as I
conceive, in which to discuss this subject;
and I think a great deal depends in the ad
vancement of civilization and progress look
ing to the benefit of all classes that these
questions should be considered and kept
before the proper forum.
Q. Suppose the States that are represent
ed in Congress, and Congress should be of
tbe opinion that Georgia should not be per
mitted to take its place in the government
of the country except upon its assent to one
or the other of the two propositions, is it
then your opinion that under such circum
stances Georgia ought to decline?
Witness—You mean the States now rep
resented, and those only?
Mr. Boutwell—Yea.
Witness—You mean by Congress—Con
gress as it is now constituted, with the
other eleven States excluded?
Mr. Boutwell—l do.
Witness—And you mean the same alter
native propositions to be'applied to all the
eleven States as conditions precedent to
their restoration ?
Mr. Boutwell—l do.
A. Then I think she ought to decline,
under the circumstances, and for the rea
son stated and so ought the whole eleven.
Should such an offer be made and declined,
and these States should thus continue to be
excluded and kept out, a singular spectacle
would be presented; a complete reversal
of position would be presented. In 1861
these States thought they could not remain
safely in the Union without new
guarantees; and now when they agree
to resume their former practical re
lations in the Union, under the Constitution
as it is, the other States turn upon them and
say they cannot permit them to do so safely
to their interest without new guarantees on
their part. The Southern States would thus
present themselyes as willing for immedi
ate union under the Constitution, while it
would be the Northern States opposed to it.
The former disunionists would thereby be
come unionists, and the lormer unionists
practical disunionists.
Serial
-Sa The Mason <fc Hamlin Cabinet Organa, forty dif
ferent styles, adapted to sacred and secular music, for
$BO to ♦GOO each. THIRTY-FIVE GOLD or SILVER
MEDAU3, or other first premiums awarded them.—
Illustrated Catalogues frge. • Address, MASON <fc
HAMLIN, Boston, or MASON BROTHERS, New
York. [sep 6 lyw is
ERRORS OF YOUTH.
A Gentleman who suffered for years from Nervous
Debility, Premature Decay, and all the effects of youth
ful Indiscretion, will, for the sake of suffering human
lty, send free to all who need it, the recipe and dlrec
tlons for making the simple remedy by which he was
cured. Sufferers wishing to profit by the advertiser s
experience, can do so by addressing
JOHN B. OGDEN,
an 3 ly 52 No. 13 Chambers street. New York
'KB, DEAFNESS, BLINDNESS AND CATARRH
Treated with the utmost success, by Dr. J. TSAACS
Oculist and Aurist, (formerly of Leyden, Holland,)
No. 519, Pine Street, Philadelphia. Testimonials from
the most reliable sources In the City and Country can
oe seen at his office.. The medical faculty are invited
to accompany their patients, as he has no secrets In
his practice. Artificial eyes Inserted without pain. No
charge made for examination. mar 21 lyw 11
MORE VALUABLE THAN GOLD !
Bryan’s Life Pills Purify l the Blood.
Remove Headache, Dizziness, Giddiness, Drowsiness,
Unpleasant Dreams. Dimness of Sight, Indiges
tion, Cleanse the Stomach and Bowels.
Insure New Life In the debilitated and
RESTORE THE SICK TO PERFECT HEALTH,
Try them? they only cost 2.5 cents, and if you can
not get them of your druggist, send the money to DR.
JAMES BRYAN, Consulting Physician, 819 Broad
way, New York, and they will be sent by return of
mall post paid. [sep 12 lydAw
asr A COLD SEEMS A SMALL AFFAIR.-Most
people neglect it. Who minds it? Yet a Cold may
turn to Consumption, and then follows almostcertaln
death. Take a Cold In time, then, that Is, take Dr.D.
Jayne's Expectorant,the well-known standard remedy
for Coughs, Colds, Consumption, Asthma, Bronchitis,
and all Pulmonary Complaints, and your Cold will
disappear, as well as all apprehension of danger. Sold
by all Druggists. apr 16 MW&Sd&ltw
OS' MARRIAGE AND CELIBACY, an Essay of
Warning and Instruction Ifor Young Men. Also.
Diseases and Abuses which prostrate the vital powers
with surp means of relief. .Sent free of charge in sealed
letter envelopes. Address,
Dft. J. SKII<LIN ROyGRTON,
Howard Association,
apr }G amd&w Philadelphia pa.
*3-GLAD NEWB
For the unfortunate, Bell’s Specific Pllia are
warranted in all cases, for the Speedy and Permanent
Cure of all diseases arising from sexual excesses or
YoolhfuJ Indiscretion, Seminal Loss, Nightly Emis
sion, and Sensual Dreams; Genital, Physical and
Nervous 'Debility, Impotence, Gleet, Sexual Diseases,
Ac., <fcc.,£c.
No Change of Diet Is necessary, and they can be
used without detection. Each box contains 60 pills,
price One Dollar.. if yon cannot get them of your
Druggist, they will be sent by mail securely sealed
post paid, with frill Instructions, that Insure a cure, on
receipt of the money; and a pamphlet of 100 pages oh
the Errors of Youth, the consequences- and remedy
sent free; 10 cents required for postage.
Private Circulars to gentlemen only, qpnt free gn
receipt pf epyeiqpe Mid " '
Address pB. JAJCPS BRYAN,
Consulting Physician,
.8W Broadway,New York.
lyd&w
£p«fe»l SrtittS.
gy TO LADLES. • '//
If yon require a reliable remedy to restore you, os*
Da. Haa vet's Female Pills, snerer-fidiing remedy
for the removal of Obstructions, no matter from what
cause they arise. They are safe and sore, and will re
store nature In every case. They are also effleadons
n all cases ofWeakness/WMtes, Prolapsus, <fcc. Sold
u Boxes containing 60 PUls, price One Dollar.
DR. HARVEY'S GOLDEN PILLS.
A remedy fbr special cases, four degrees stronger
than the above: price $5 per box.
A Private Circular to ladles with fine anatomical en
gravings, sent free on receipt of directed envelope
and stamp. -
Bend for Da. Habvet's Private Medical Adviser
addrssed to females; 100 pages, giving fall Instruc
tions, 10 cents required for postage. If you cannot
purchase the pills of your druggist, they will be sent
by mail, post paid secure from observation, on receipt
of One Dollar, by
DR JAMES BRYAN,
Consulting Physician,
819 Broadway, New York.
lydAw
83“ A COUGH, COLD, OR SORE THROAT,
Requires Immediate attention, and should be
checked. If allowed to continue,” Irritation of the
Lungs, a Permanent Throat Affection, or an Incura
ble Lung Disease Is often the result.
BROWN’S BRONCHIAL TROCHES,
Having a direct influence to the parts, give immediate
relief
For Bronchitis, Asthma, Catarrh, Consumptive and
Throat Diseases, Troches are used with always good
success.
Singers and Public Speakers will find Troches
useful In clearing the voice when taken before Sing
ing or Speaking, and relieving the throat after an un
usual exertion of the vocal organs. The Troches are
recommended and prescribed by Physicians, and have
testimonials from eminent men throughout the conn,
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their efficacy by a test of many years each year finds
them In new localities In various part 3 or the world
and the Troches are universally pronounced belter
than other articles.;
Obtain only “ Bronchial Troches,” and do not take
any of the worthless imitations that may be offered
Sold everywhere In the United States, and In For
eign Countries, at 35 cents per box.
oct 23 6md<fcw
ttß-THE CONFESSIONS AND EXPERIENCE
OF AN INVALlD.—Published for the benefit and as
a CAUTION TO YOUNG MEN and others, who suf
fer from Nervous Debility, Premature Decay of Man
hood, <£c., supplying at the same time The Means of
Self-Cube. By one who has cured himself after un
dergoing considerable qnockery. By enclosing a post
paid addressed envelope, single copies, free of charge
may be bad of tbe author.
NATHANIEL MAYFAIR, ESQ
Jan 30-lywJ Brooklyn, Kings Co., N. Y.
HUBBEL’S GOLDEN BITTERS.
A purely Vegetable Tonic,
Invigorating and Strengthening
Fortifies the system against the evil effects of
Uuwholesome water.
Will cure Weakness,
WUI cure General Debility,
Will cure Heartburn,
WUI cure Headache,
Will cure Liver Comphilut
Will excite and create a healthy appetite.
Wil invigorate the organs of digestion and moder
ately increase the temperature of the body and the
force of the circulation, acting in fact as a general cor
roborant of the system, containing no poisonous
drugs, and is the Best Tonic Bittebs In the World,
A fair trial Is earnestly sgUcitedi^
GEO. C. HUBBISIr i fitx/ PRjfl’BiETOJt-s, Hudson,
New York.
Central Depot, American Express Building, .55 Ilud
son street. New York.
®B»For sale by Druggists, Grocers, <fcc.
H. E. SLAYMAKER, Agent, Lancaster,
Wholesale Agent.
For sale by Daniel H. Heitshu and C. A. Helultsh.
. 20 tfvv -11
AS.THE GREAT ENGLISH REMEDY
SIR JAMES CLARKE'S
CELEBRATED FEMALE PILLS.
Prepared from a Prescription of Sir J Clarke, M. IX,
Physician Extraordinary to the Queen.
This invaluable medicine Is unfailing in the cure of
all those painful and dangerous diseases to which the
female constitution Lssubject. It moderates all excess
and removes ail obstructions, from whatever cause,
and a speedy cure may be relied on.
TO MARRIED LADIES
It is particularly suited.- It will, in a short time, bring
on the monthly period with regularity.
Each bottle, price One Dollar, bears the Govern
ment Stamp of Great Britain, to prevent counterfeits.
CAUTION
These PUls should not be taken by Females daring
the Fibst Thbee Months of Pregnancy, as they are
sure to bring on Miscarriage, but at any other time
they are safe.
Every woman knows that the bloom of health mus
fade, with the slightest Irregularity or obstruction of
the menses. These PUls are truly the woman’s friend
in her hour of trial, and the ouly sure, positive and
never-failing cure and regulator of Suppression of
nature, from whatever cause. So mild that the fee
blest can take them with perfect security, yet so pow
erful in their effects, that they may be safely called, a
never-failing Regulator.
In all cases of Nervous and Spinal Affections, Pains
n the Back and Limbs, Fatigue on slight exertion,
Palpitation of the Heart, Hysterics, and Whites, these
Pills will ffect a cure when all other means have
failed ; and although a powerful remedy, do not con
tain iron, calomel, antimony, or anything hurtful to
the constitution.
Full directions in the pamphlet around each pack
ige, which should be carefully preserved.
SOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS,
Sole General Agent for the United States and British
Dominions, JOB MOSES,
'27 Cortlandt street, New York.
N. B.—sl and 6 three cent postage stamps enclosed
to any authorized Agent, wUI ensure a bottle, contain
jng 50 PUls, by return mail, securely seated from ail
observation. [Jan 3 lyoeowAlyw .
jJSP GREAT OAKS FROM LITTLfc ACORNS
GROW.—The worst diseases known to the human raCe
spring from causes so small as to almost defy detec
tion. The volumes of scientific lore that fills the
tables and shelves of the medical fraternity only go
to prove and elaborate these facts.
Then guard yourselves while you may. The small
est pimple on the skin Is a tell-tale and indicator of
disease. It may fade and die away from the surface
of the body, but It will reaeh the vitals, perhaps, at
last, and death be the result and final close.
Maggiel's Bilious, Dyspeptic and Diarrhcna Pills
cure where all others fall. Whilo for Burns, Scalds,
Chilblains, Cuts, and all abrasions of the skin, Mug
gel's Salve Is Infallible. Sold by
J. MAGOLEL,
43 Fulton street, New York,
And all Druggists, at 25 cents per box
dec 23 • lydaw
parriagw.
Bitnek— Kuktz. —On the 12th Inst., by Rev.
C. I. Thompson, Mr. David P. Bltner, of Phila
delphia. to Miss Amelia 0. Kurtz,of Lancaster.
[Philadelphia papers please copy.!
Boehbinqee— ScHiiiDT.— On the 10th Inst.,
at the Lutheran Parsonage, by Rev. 'William
Hoppe, Mr. John Geo. Boehringer to Miss
Regina 6chmldt, both of this city. *
Hays.—ln Little Britain twp., this county,
on Friday, the 13th Inst., John Hays, Esq., In
the 80th year of his age.
Kirk.—On the 16th Inst., Emanuel B. Kirk,
aged 31 years, 9 months and 16 days.
Gumpf. —On the 11th Inst., In this city. Carrie
8., daughter of Harrison and Mary E. Gnrupf,
aged 1 year, 11 months and 15 da* s.
McKelva.—ln this city, on the evening of the
12th Inst., Mrs. Patience McKelva, In the 72nd
year of her age.
H&arferts.
Tbe Slarbets at Noon lokimj,
Philadelphia. April 17.—Petroleum dull.
Sales of Crude at 24c 2,000 bbls. for future de
livery were sold on secret terms. Refined In
bond at 38@39c; free at 58@62c.
Cotton depressed and unsettled under unfa
vorable foreign news.
No export demand for Flour. Home trade
purchasing more freely. 1,500 bbls., chiefly
Extra Family, sold at $8.75@9 50 for North
western, $9.50@10.50 for Pa. and Ohio, and
fancy lota at sll@ls.
Sales of 100 bbls. Rye Floor at $4.75.
Corn Meal nominal.
Very little good Wheat here. 1,500 bus. sold
at 82.40@2.60—the latter figure an advance of
10c. Wniteat $2.50@2.90.
Pa. Rye commands 92c, and Del. 7.5 c.
Corn scarce. Yellow commands 80c.
Oats steady at 60c for Del., and 55@57c for
Western.
'Sales of Pa. Whisky at $2.25@2.26, and Ohio at
$2.28.
New York. April 17 —Cotton 'la dull at 37@
38c for middlings.
Flour has advanced 10@15 cents; sales of 11,-
000 bbls at $7@8.50 for State, $8.60® 11.50 for Ohio,
$7@8.45 for Western. Southern firmer; 600 bbls
sold at $9.50@11.75. Canada 10@15 cents better
-400 bbls sold at $7.75@10.25.
Wheat has advanced I@2 cents ; sales of 13,000
bus at $1.4 @1.50 for unsound Mtlwaukie Club ;
40,000 bus white Canada at $2.30.
Corn is fair but quiet.
Beef steady.
Pork steady.
Whiskey diuL
Stock Markets.
Philadelphia, April 17.
Penna. s’s_ .... .. 89
Morris Canal .. 67
Beading .. .. 52%
Long Island. ..
Penna. Railroad 56
Gold .. 125%
Exchange on New York. par.
NEW IOKK. April 17.
Chicago and Rock Island i?O%
Chicago and Erie
Cumberland PrfiL.
Illinois Centra1..........
Michigan Southern
New York Central ..
Pennsylvania Coal
Heading ..
Hudson River
Canton co
Virginia 6s
Missouri Os ..
Erie
Western Union Telegraph
Do 1862...
Do 1865 ..
10-40’s .. 92%
Treasury 7 3-10.. _ ..._lOO%
Gold .. _.125%@125%
Philadelphia Cattle Market,
Monday, Apil 16.
The cattle market is moderately active thlß
week, and prices have advanced fully lc ■»lb ;
about 1,800 head arrived and sold at the Avenue
Drove Yard at prices ranging from 16J4@17c for
extra; a few choice at 18c; fair to good at 14@
and common at from 12@13%c« lb, as to
quality. The market closed firm within the
above range of prices.
The following are the particulars of the salesj
111 Ullman a Bachman, Lancaster c 0,., 16 @l7
48 Jones McOlese, do ...14 csa?m
50 B. 8, MoFillen, do ..!l4 @l6s
75 James McFillen, do ...15 @l7
60 E. 8, MoFillen, do ...15 @l7
43 Mooney £ Bro., do 8 @ 85i
16 L. Frank, do ...15 @l7 4
17 Hope £ Co.. do .05 @IOU
84 Shomberg A Frank, do ...15 @l7
14 Sturm A Co., do ...14 @l5
20 J. A. Chain £ Bro., do ...14 @l6
50 H. Chain, do ...15 @l7
60 P. Haymaker, do ...15 @l7
62 P. McFillen, do ...16 @l7
60 P. Hathaway, do ...16U@16^
90 Martin Fuller £ Co., do ...15@17
110 Mooney £ Smith, Penna- ....U>s@l7
16 Dryioo&£ Dryfooa, Bucks co 14 @l5
40 Kimball £ Miller, Chester c0..„...„.14 @I6K
'24 B. Baldwin, do .......„14 @l6s
Sheep—Continue in fair demand; 7,000 head
arrived and sold at from 7@Bc * ft),'gross, as to
quality. ' • ’
Cows—Have adyanced; 175 head sold at $4Q@
90 for springers, and sTs@lod per head for milch
cows.
Hogs—Prices are unchanged; abont 1,700
head arrived and sold at the different yards at
from $18@14.5Q the 100 lbs, net. '■
: ,T itw
ft OEttIEBS OF THE WAR OF 1812! I
K 'Tlie Soldiers and tbe Widows of/the Soldiers
of the War of 1312 are entitled to. an annuity
by ’an Act 1 of the legislature of March 30th,
18681-
The undersigned attends promptly to the col
lection of saief claims on reasonable terms.
FEED. S. PYFER,
I Attorney at Law,
No. 10 Sodth Dake SU, Lancaster, Fa.
apr 12 tfdAW
Estate of jahes bones, late of
Manor township, Lancaster county, dec’d.
—Letters of Administration on the estate ol
said' dec'd, bavin# been granted to the sub
scribers residing In Conestoga township, all
persons indebted to said estate are hereby re
quested* to-make- immediate payment, and
those having claims will present them, without
delay, properly-authenticated for settlement.
WILLIAM W. BONES,
SAMUEL W. WRIGHT,
Administrators.
apr 18 6tw* 15
JHFBOV£D COMPOSITION PAVE-
MENT
The subscriber has Invented and now in use
in Reading, Pm, “ AN IMPROVED COMPOSI
TION PAVEMENT,” which is superior to any
other, and which is destined to entirely super
sede the use of the brick pavement. Among
its advantages are: It is more healthy, durable
and cheaper than brick. It renders the ground
damp-tight, is seamless and entirely impervi
ous to water, and is especially adapted for
yards, flooring in work shops, Ac. Itia smooth,
level and entirely dry-does not become slip
pery like a flag pavement, and is not aflected
by heat, eold, or frost. It does not become
damp, green or mossy in the shade, and can
not be penetrated into by grass or vermin.—
Rats and mice will not undermine iu It is
easily kept clean and requires no scrubbing.
These are but a few of its many advantages.
A very small canitatl only lsrequired to carry ou
this business, and the materials used are easily
obtained. City, btate and County rights for
sale. Full information will be given upon ap
plication, either in person or by mall, to
DANIEL C. HELLER,
Box 331, P. 6..
Reading, Berks county, Pa,
apr 16 lwdAltw*
$25. UNION COLLEGE. $25.
HANDEL AND HAYDN HALL,
Eighth axd Spring Garden Streets,
PHILADELPHIA.
THOMAS MAY PEIRCE, A. M.,
President and Consulting Accountant.
EXTRAORDINARY INDUCEMENTS!
NOVEL A PERMANENT ARRANGEMENT
OF BUSINESS COLLEGE TERMS,
From April Isi to October ljf, IS6O,
and succeeding years.
LIFE SCHOLARSHIPS, including Bookkeep
ing, Business Corresjxmdence, Forms and
Customs, Commercial Arithmetic, Business
Penmanship, Detecting Counterfeit Money]
and Commercial Law.
TWENTY-FIVE DOLLARS.
SCHOLARSHIPS, Including the same Subjects
as above.
Time Limited to Three Months,
TWENTY DOLLARS.
Penmanship, Three Months, 8 7
Penmanship and Arithmetic, Three Months 10
The saving of coal and gas iu the summer
months Ls an advantage of such importance as
enables the management of this College to
make a considerable reduction in the summer
rates.
From October Is* 1860, to April lsf, 1867,
and succeeding years, as before.
Life Scholarships, $35
Scholarships, 3 months 25
Penmanship, 3 months, 10
Penmanship and Arithmetic, 3 mouths, 12
Special Terms for Clubs, Soldiers, and for the
Sons of Ministers and Teachers.
DAY AND EVENING INSTRUCTION FOR
BOTH SEXES AND ALL AGES,
In Banking, Storekeeping. Bookkeeping. Pen
manship, Pen Drawing, Phonography, Arith
metic, Mensuration. Algebra, Geometry, An* .
alylical Geometry, The calculus. Navigation,
Surveying, Engineering, Gauging, Mining,
Mechanical Drawing, Commercial Law, Ger
man, Telegraphing, and the English Branches,
ai moderate prices.
Endorsed by the public as the mostsuccessful
Business College of the country, as is evidenced
by the fact, that
FOUR HUNDRED AND TWO STUDENTS
hare entered In the
First Six Months or its Existence.
Principals of Departments:
THOMAS MAY PEIRCE, A. M.,
GEORGE B. SNYDER, R. S. BARNES,
C N. FARR, J. T. REYNOLDS,
HENRY KEIM, A. E. ROGERSON, A.M.,l_\E.
Supported by an able Corps of Assistants.
Call or send for a Catalogue, College Currency,
and Peirce’s Practical Educator.
Office— No. 531 North Eighth Street,
apr 18 2mw 15J THOMAS M. PEIRCE.
J) e V e ® av " schaum
DEALERS IN
STOVES,
HEATERS,
A full aud complete assortment of every pal-
tarn and design constantly on hand, at greatly
reduced prices, at their Oid Stand. i
DEANER A SCHAUM,
No. 7 East King street.
rjUN AND SHEET-IRON WARE
MANUFACTORY
Every variety of
COPPER AND
SHEET-IRON WARE
constantly on hand aud manufactured to order,
at the Old Stand.
LEANER & SCHAUM,
No. 7 East King street,
pOPPEB.WABE MANUFACTORY.
STILLS,
BREWER’S KETTLES,
COPPER KETTLES,
AND EVERY VARIETY OF COPPER-WARE.
Having had over twenty years’ experience
In the business, and employing none but first
class workmen, we are fully prepared to exe
cute all orders we may be entrusted with.
DEANER £ SCHAUM,
No. 7 East King Btreet.
QAB FITTING AND PLUMBING.
The subscribers having secured the services
of superior mechanics respectfully solicit a
share of public patronage. They are prepared
to execute all orders that they may be entrusted
with In a superior manner, and at very moder
ate prices.
HYDRAULIC RAMS,
WATER WHEELS,
HYDRANTS,
LIFT & FORCE PUMPS,
BATHING TUBS, WASH BASINS and all
other articles in the trade.
PLUMBING AND GAS AND STEAM FIT
TING promptly attended to In the most ap
proved style.
County work promptly attended to.
$3, All work guaranteed.
DEANER £ SCHAUM,
No. 7 East King street, Lancaster.
„ tfdiw
JHMENSE SACRIFICE!!!
GREAT SALES OF JEWELRY!! /.
9500 , 0 0 0
Worth to be sold at an Immense Sacrifice, at
One Dollar each artlole.
Silverware of every description. Gold and
Silver Watches, Splendid Lockets. Superb Tea
and Dinner Sets, Gold Pens and Pencil Cases,
together with Fine Oil Paintings. Engravings,
etc., within the reach of ail—of every man,
woman and child.
! ! ! AT SI EACH ! ! !
And not to be paid for until you know what
you are to receive!
SCHEDULE OF SALE,
BY APPORTIONMENT.
200 Gold Hunting Watcher $lOO to $3OO
250 Ladies’ Gold Watches 75 to 200
40Q ailyer Watches, double case 40 to 80
200 Diamond Rings 50 to 100
200 Silvey Dinner Sets 100 to 1.50
100; “ Tea Sets 100 to 150
500 “ Teapots and Coffee Urns... 20 to 50
100 " Revolving Patent Castors.. 15 to 40
5 000 Gold Vest and Neck Cliains 8 to 30
2,000 Photograph Albums 15 to 50
100 Oil Paintings 25 to 100
4,000 Magic Spring Lockets 10 to 20
1,000 Gold Pens, extension holders.... 0 to 10
600 sets Ladies’ Jewelry, superb 5 to 15
Oval Band Bracelets 0 to 20
LOOO Masonic Pins .. 0 to 10
200 Music Boxes 20 to 100
500 sets Sliver Tea and Table Spoons. 15 to 30
1,000 Gold Thimbles ! 7 to 14
900 Silver Ice Pitchers 30 to 100
5,000 Children's Armlets 5 to 10
2,000 Watch Charms 5 to
1,000 Silver Cruet Stands 20to 30
Etc., Etc.. Etc., Etc., Etc.
N, B, The chances in the division of the above
list of goods are to be disposed of according to
the annexed statement of arrangements
Certificates of the various articles,there belDg
no blanks, are put into envelopes, securely
sealed, and when ordered, taken oat with no
regard to choice, showing no favoritism, and
iorwarded by mall, wben the holder of the Cer
tificate can see what he or she can have by re
turning to us the Certlflcateand ONE DOLLAR.
ONE CERTIFICATE 25 CENTS.
A single Certificate may secure you a Gold or
Silver article valued at $lOO, or any other valu
ableaiticle. Tnere are no blanks.
Packages of Certificates sold to Schools, Clubs,
Agents, £c., at the following rates:
1 Certificate, sent to any address by mail, $0.25
o Certificates 1.00
11 “ 2.00
30 " (with a splendid premium;.. 5 00
63 “ “ “ 10.00
100 “ “ “ ...... 15.00
We guarantee satisfaction in ail oases. Cus
tomers whose tastes or fancies are not suited
can have their goods exchanged.
Parties desiring to act as agents will be al
lowed 10 cents on eaoh certificate ordered by
them, not less than five being received under
those terms. Agents will collect 25 cents for
each Certificate, and forward 15 cents to us.
All letters should be addressed to
„ DELACOUR BROS.,
Nos. W £ 68 John Street, New York
Agents wanted in every Town, County and
State. [apr 16 emdAw
A VALUABLE FABS AT PJKIVATB
BADE.—By virtue of % Decree of the Cir
cuit COurtlorHarfbrdcountyysittingin Equity,
the subscriber, aa Trustee, will sell, at private
sale, all those JParoela of situate In Har
ford county, called “Uncle’s Good Will,” and
“Leigh of Leighton,”-comprising the farm
whereon Matthew Cam resided at the time of
his death, containing about
250 ACRES.
This farm ls situate in the healthy, beautiful
aud fertile valley of Thomas’ Ron, the produc
tive qualities or which ore not surpassed by
any other lands In the county. About 200 Acres
are under cultivation, the residue In. goodwood
and timber.
The arable portion of the land has been
Judiciously improved, and la at present In a
productive state of coltlvatloD. Tnero Is a fine
Applo Orchard In condition for full bearing,—
The Improvements are a TWO-STORY STONE
DWELLING, a large Barn, Barrack, Smoke
House, and a Spring House, with never-foiling
spring, within 100 yards of Dwelling. There is
a fine flush stream of water running the entire
length ot the farm, on which formerly was a
Mill; the building has gone to decay, but the
dam and race are In good condition.
Persons desiring further Information can ad
dress the Trustee through the Post Office.
The Terms of Sale, prescribed by the De
cree, are: That one-third of the purchase
moneyjjhall be paid In Casb, oue-thlrd in six
and the residue in twelve months thereafter,
the credit payments to bear interest and be
secured by notes of the purchaser, with surety
approved by the Trustee.
A. LIN GAN JARRETT,
Trustee,
Bel Air, Harford county, Md.
ltd<*3lw
JgFFICACY OF mSHLER’S BITTERS.
WONDERFUL CURE OF NEURALGIA J!
Mr. Benjamin Mlshler, the proprietor of that
most efficacious remedial agent, Mishlnc's
Herb Bitters, has Just received *tho following
certificate of a most remarkable core effected by
means of his Celebrated Medicine. E, G. Groff,
who signs the certificate, is a Justice of tho
Peace In the town of New Holland, Lancaster
county, and is too well known to the people of
that populous section lor honesty, Intelligence
and truthfulness to admit of tho least doubt In
regard to the entire acouracy of the statement
to which ho has voluntarily attached his name.
No man iu Lancaster county will ask more
than the word of Esq. Groff fer tho authentica
tion of the wonderful cure to which he so
fully testifies. Head tho following certificate
and bo convinced. Apply tho remedy If ypu
would be cured:
New Holland, )
Lancaster county. Pa., >-
April lOth, 18<W. J
- Afr. Bej\jamin Mu filer —Dear Sir : —I deem It
but due to you that 1 should give you a state
ment of the cure effected In tuo person of my
mother, Mrs. Mary Groff, by the use of your
Herb Bitters. For a uuinbor of years sho had
been much afflicted with the most distressing
pains in different parts of her right side, some
times her arm ana shoulder were affected, but
more generally her leg and Itlp. So affected
did these becomo that she was at last bed-rid
den for a considerable portion oi the time, and
W"en comparatively free from pain quite un
able to move about the house,'except with the
aid of n crutch orcaue. Her life was thusmado
a scene of painful distress and existence almost
a burthen, nhe had applied to all the physi
cians wiihln reach, uud hod dlllgeutly used
such medicines as they gave her. but all to no
purpose. They pronounced her disease to be an
'incurable neuralgic allllctlon. At leuglh how
ever, something like eighteen mouths since,
she began to use your valuable Herb Bitters.
At once there was the most remarks bio change.
She was speedily relieved to a very great extent
from the pain which had been mo constant
torture of nor life, and in the course oi some
six mouths was so completely restored to
health us to be able to lake a pleasure trip to
the Western states. Since her return homo,
und at the present time, she has the complete
and free use of her limbs, Is entirely free troui
pain, and able to do her housework, to attend
10 her 11 ewer garden, and lo discharge all her
domestic duties.
Thiaklng that such a remarkable cure should
be made known, In order that thoso similarly
afflicted may apply to the sumo efficacious
means for relief, I voluntarily give you this
statement to use as you see lit. Any uoraon
who doubts Its authenticity can have all scru-
Sles remoyed by writing to ino at the New
lollantLffosL ofiice.
Youih, Very Respectfully,
aprl7tfdAW| E. U. GROFF.
U . WILLIAMS,
00 3 MARKET BTREKT
MUSLINS! MUSLINS!! MUSLINS!!!
Bleached and Unbleached, all tho best mokes;
Sheeting, Shirting uud Pillow Case Muslins by
the piece and yard. Prices guaranteed.
CALICOES! [CALICOES!! CALICOES!!!
Tho best assortment in the city. Merrlmac,
and many other makes, In new and beautiful
styles, at low prices.
WHITE GOODS! WHITE GOODS !!
A large assortment of Jaconets, Cambrlcka,
Nainsooks and Swiss Muslins, Brilliants, Vic
toria and Bishop's Lawns, from the large New
York Auction Sales, much below the regular
prices.
RANGES, Ac.
ALPACAS! DELAINES!! DRESS GOODS!!!
Black, Steel colored. Brown and Leather
colored Alpacas, Delaines and boautlful Plaid
Goods for Children's wear.
LINEN GOODS! LINEN GOODS!!
Bleached aud Unbleached Table Linens, Nap
kins, Doylies, Linen Diapers, Shirting Linens
and Shirt Fronts, and Laaies’ and Gents’ Linen
Handkerchiefs.
CLOTHS AND CASSI^tERE^I
For Men and Boys’ wear; light colored Cloth
for Ladles Sacks; dark water-proof Cloaking,
very heavy,
FLANNELS, BED TICKINGS, CRASH, Ac
Nos. 2 AND 4 NORTH NINTH STREET,
2d doob above market street,
PHILADELPHIA.
apr 18 2mw 15| M. K. WILLIAMS.
QAMEL’S HAIR FRINGE
LADIES’ CLOAKS,
THE FIRST NATIONAL STORE,
Centre Square, formerly “ Swan ” Hotel.
QHEAPEST
THE FIRST NATIONAL STORE.
Centre Square, formerly "Swan ” Hotel.
QHEAPEBT
AT THE FIRBT NATIONAL STORE,
Centre Square, formerly " Swan ” Hotel,
VERY LARGE ASSORTMENT
E M B R O ID ERIKS,
THE FIRST NATIONAL STORE,
Centre Square, formerly “Swan” Hotel,
JVARGE LOT
WOOLEN,
AT
THE FIRST NATIONAL STORE,
Centre Square, formerly "Swan ” Hotel,
VERY CHOICE LOT
EXTRACTS,
FANCY SOAPS AND PERFUMERIES
AT THE FIRST NATIONAL STORE,
Centro Square, formerly "Swan” Hotel,
apr 9 tfdaw
REMOVAL!
H. L. & E. J. Z A Hif ,
JEWELERS,
Have Removed to their NEW STORE,
Com North[Queen St., and Centre Square,
LANCASTER, PA.,
(Directly Opposite the Old Stand.)
A full and complete stock of Watches, Clocks
Jewelry. Spectacles, Silver Ware and Plated
Ware constantly on hand, and for sale at the
lowest cash rates. HARRY L. ZAHM
aprOlmdiw] EDW. J. ZAHM *
Estate of haxnah Mciwtibe.
late of Drumore twp.. Lancaster county
deceased.—The undersigned Auditorappolnted
to dlstnbate the balance remaining In the
hands of S. L. Gregg. Administrator *>f the
estate of said deceased, to and among those
legally entitled to the same, will attend for
that purpose ON THURSDAY, THE 3d DAY
OF MAY, 1866, at 2 o’clock, P. M., In the Li
brary Room of the Court House, In the City
of Lancaster, where all persons Interested In
said distribution may attend.
D. W. PATTERSON,
Auditor.
apr 11 4tw U
TO THE SCHOOL DIRECTORS OF
LANCASTER COUNTY:
Qkjttlkxen : In pursuanceof the forty-third
section of the act of Bth of May, 165 f you are
hereby notified to meet In convention, at the
Coart House, In Lancaster city, on the FIRST
TUESDAY (the day having been changed by
the last Legislature,) IN MAY. A. D., 1868, being
the first day of the month, at 1 o’olbck, in the
afternoon, And select, trfva voce, by. a majority
of the whole number of direotora present, one
person of literary and scientific acquirements
and of ssllLand experience in the art of teach*
Ing, as County Superintendent, for the three
succeeding years; determine the amount of
compensation for the same; and certify the re*
suit to the State Superintendent, as reoulred
by the thirty-ninth and fortieth Motions of
said act. LAVIDEVANsT
County superintendent of Lancaster county.
LAnfcaOTß, April 3d, 1868, (apr 4SArfe
PHILADELPHIA
ptettllaniaug.
LARGEST
ASSORTMENT
HOUR SKIRTS
BOOTS, SHOES
STOCKINH
IN
LANCASTER,'
LINEN, AND
MUSLIN SHIRTS
col l;a R S
POMADES,
OF ALL KINDS,